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1
1963-, Cobley Paul, ed. Realism for the 21st century: A John Deely reader. Scranton, Pa: University of Scranton Press, 2009.
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2
Shakespeare, William. Hendrik IV, eerste deel: Historiespel in vijf bedrijven. Amsterdam: De Bezige Bij, 1985.
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Sutherland, Elihu Jasper. Some descendants of John Counts of Glade Hollow (southwest Virginia): Including the families of Artrip, Carter, Colley, Counts, Deel, Dyer, Edwards, Fuller, Grizzle, Jessee, Kiser, Long, Mattox, Owens, Rasnick, Skeen, Smith, Stinson, Sutherland, Willard, Yates, and many others. Radford, Va: Commonwealth Press, 1998.
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EARTH DREAMS Circle of Oaks by Christine Day Illustrated by John Wakefield. ETHERIC BOOKS, 2011.
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EARTH DREAMS Circle of Oaks by Christine Day Illustrated by John Wakefield. England: ETHERIC BOOKS, 2011.
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Uncircumscribed mind: Reading Milton deeply. Selinsgrove [Pa.]: Susquehanna University Press, 2008.
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Kuenzle, Dominique. John Stuart Mill. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190225100.003.0011.
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Philosophical thinking about pleasure today, especially in the context of normative ethics, is deeply influenced by the concept’s function within Bentham’s and Mill’s utilitarianism, according to which the moral quality of any action depends on its tendency to “maximize pleasure” and “minimize pain.” According to Mill’s own philosophy of science and language, the content and function of “pleasure” is determined by its role in scientific induction, specifically within the associationist psychological theory Mill shares with his father, James Mill. Pleasures, it turns out, are qualities of sensations with inductive links to other mental states, the power to explain actions, and the potential for being physiologically explained. The semantic content of “pleasure” as a general name, and thus the content of the moral precepts set up by Mill’s principle of utility, must be thought of as responsive to inductive progress in associationist psychology, ethology, and neuroscience.
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John Calvin on the Visions of Ezekiel: Historical, Hermeneutical Studies in John Calviun's Sermons Inedits, Especially on Ezek. 36-48 (Kerkhistorische Bijdragen, Deel 21). Brill Academic Publishers, 2003.
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Dawson, Sandra. Deeply Engaged, Intuitively Analytical and Determinedly Applied: Tom Burns and Joan Woodward in Context but not in Concert. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199585762.013.0010.
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Collins, John, and Tamara Dobler, eds. Reply to Nat Hansen. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783916.003.0017.
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Hansen is certainly right that the aim of my ‘Travis examples’ is, not to explain anything, but rather to point to a phenomenon. Or perhaps I would not now say so much as that. Over the course of my career I have been very deeply influenced by John McDowell. The main lesson I have taken from him is that the most important ‘result’ in philosophy—one of its most important tasks—is showing (to borrow a bit of McDowellian terminology) how it is ...
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John, Eileen. Coetzee and Eros. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805281.003.0007.
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In Chapter 7, Eileen John uses Coetzee’s exploration of sexual desire to pose questions about the normative claims of moral philosophy. She argues that Coetzee’s fiction complicates Thomas Nagel’s conception of altruism by its insistence that desire must form part of any account of apparently moral motivation, of how we are moved by the suffering of others, and moved more broadly by the good. Coetzee responds in complex ways to Plato’s model of eros, granting its transformative power, while portraying it as too deeply interwoven with aggressive and self-absorbed drives to constitute an unequivocal path to the purely ‘good’ action. Coetzee’s treatment of the self relating to itself further engages with Nagel’s and Hannah Arendt’s ideas about the moral significance of solipsism. John argues that Coetzee’s fiction explores the limits of moral philosophy, and attunes readers to the elements of risk within moral life.
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Briggs, Andrew, Hans Halvorson, and Andrew Steane. You can’t live a divided life. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808282.003.0018.
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In this the third autobiographical chapter, Hans Halvorson (H.H.) comments on his experience. Brought up in the USA, H.H. recounts the divided nature of American culture, in which science is all but worshipped by some, and regarded with deep suspicion by others. Emerging from the latter subculture, H.H. found himself mathematically capable and drawn to physics, but needing ‘permission’ to engage more fully with science. This he found in the work of John Polkinghorne and Thomas Torrance, and by this route finally landed in academia in the philosophy of science. The freedom to bring together his commitments, values, and interests into a coherent whole has been a deeply appreciated freedom.
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Spurr, Barry. The Twentieth-Century Literary Tradition. Edited by Stewart J. Brown, Peter Nockles, and James Pereiro. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199580187.013.43.
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This chapter explores significant aspects of the Tractarian tradition, surviving into the twentieth century, in the works of T. S. Eliot, John Betjeman, W. H. Auden, Rose Macaulay, Charles Williams, Dorothy Sayers, and Barbara Pym. By the twentieth century, virtually every reference in literature to Anglican faith and practice reflected the Oxford Movement, but the most concentrated influence of Tractarianism is to be found in the writers discussed here. All of them, at various periods in their lives, were deeply immersed in the Catholic movement of the Church of England and their poetry and prose must be appreciated in light of that commitment and tradition.
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Ward, Roger A. Conversion in American Philosophy. Fordham University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823223138.001.0001.
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This fresh, provocative account of the American philosophical tradition explores the work of key thinkers through an innovative and counterintuitive lens: religious conversion. From Jonathan Edwards to Cornel West, the book threads the history of American thought into an extended, multivalent encounter with the religious experience. Looking at John Dewey, William James, Charles Sanders Peirce, Richard Rorty, Robert S. Corrington, and other thinkers, the book demonstrates that religious themes have deeply influenced the development of American philosophy. This innovative reading of the American philosophical tradition will be welcomed not only by philosophers, but also by historians and other students of America’s religious, intellectual, and cultural legacy.
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Thomas, Hugh M. Power and Pleasure. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802518.001.0001.
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Power and Pleasure reconstructs life at the court of King John and explores how his court produced both pleasure and soft power. Much work exists on royal courts of the late medieval and early modern periods, but the jump in record keeping under John allows a detailed reconstruction of court life for an earlier period. Following an introductory chapter, Chapter 2 covers hunting and falconry. Material culture forms the subject of Chapter 3, with an emphasis on luxuries such as fine textiles and gold and silver plate. Chapter 4 explores aspects of court life for which less information survives, among them art and music, games and gambling, chivalry and marshal splendour, and sexual activities, including King John’s sometimes coercive pursuit of noblewomen. Chapter 5 concerns religious life at court and a deeply unsuccessful effort to project an image of sacral kingship. Food and feasting are the subjects of Chapter 6. Chapter 7 covers royal castles and other residences, the landscapes in which the court spent time, and ceremonial activities during the court’s rapid itineration around King John’s lands. Power and pleasure are discussed throughout the book, but Chapter 8 focuses on the former, analysing various forms of symbolic communication, gift exchange, and the interaction between new forms of bureaucracy and older forms of soft power. The chapter also addresses why John received so little political benefit from his magnificent court. Chapter 9 compares John’s court to others of his own time and those of previous and subsequent centuries.
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Gover, K. E. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198768692.003.0007.
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The challenges to artistic authority by contemporary art practice have certainly enlarged our sense of what kinds of things count as artworks, and by extension they have altered our sense of who artists are and what they do. However, while the landscape of art has changed, these ideal or rhetorical challenges to the modernist ideology of artistic authority have not in fact penetrated our most deeply held cultural beliefs and practices surrounding the artist’s special relationship to his or her work. The concept of the artist serves as a regulative ideal, and the gestures by the avant-garde to demystify or destroy this ideal serve a largely rhetorical function. This chapter discusses three examples: Donald Judd, John Cage, and Wim Delvoye.
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Larsen, Timothy. And They Shall be One Flesh. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753155.003.0008.
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This chapter tells the story of the death of Harriet’s first husband, John Taylor, and her second marriage to Mill. For decades, Mill was deeply frustrated that his relationship with Harriet could not have a public, social existence. This chapter chronicles Mill’s delight in the married state and in finally being able to say that Harriet was his wife. Mill even saw this relationship in Christian and biblical terms, declaring: ‘My wife and I are one’. Finally, this chapter explores Mill’s attempts to find language for Harriet’s greatness and to convince the world of her high worth. Ironically, the author of A System of Logic discovered that one of the most important things which he wanted to convince the world of was something that he could not prove.
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Trim, D. J. B. War, Soldiers, and High Politics under Elizabeth I. Edited by Malcolm Smuts. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199660841.013.6.
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Recent scholarship has paid little attention to the ways in which royal policies might potentially be modified or challenged by those entrusted with their implementation, especially during wartime. Yet Shakespeare’s drama emerged in an era of war, in which soldiers shaped policy to an unusual degree, and Shakespeare and contemporary dramatists were deeply interested in the participation of soldiers in high politics. This paper explores that interest. It focuses on the efforts of Sir John Norreys to re-cast Elizabeth I’s aid to the Dutch Revolt into an explicitly Calvinist, anti-Catholic war (1578–86), and Sir Francis Vere’s achievement of unique authority and influence, in both England and the Netherlands, as a result of his being trusted by both the English and Dutch governments to command troops and promote their policies to their allies.
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Garver, John. Limitations on China’s Ability to Understand Indian Apprehensions about China’s Rise as a Naval Power. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199479337.003.0005.
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John Garver, a leading expert on Sino-Indian relations, focuses on China’s strategic blind spots in understanding the world around it. He explores the possibility that wide spread, deeply rooted and emotionally powerful Chinese beliefs about their country’s history make it difficult for Chinese to put themselves in their neighbour’s shoes and effectively reassure their neighbour’s deep apprehensions about China’s growing power. This cluster of Chinese beliefs is virtually central to China’s self-identity and render Chinese dismissive of Japanese and Indian fears of China’s growing power. Garver argues that if China is unable to understand, emphasize and respond in adequately reassuring ways to its neighbour’s fears over China’s growing power the probable result is likely to be the formation of a coalition of China’s neighbours seeking collective security against China.
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Singer, Abraham A. The Classical Theories of the Corporation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190698348.003.0003.
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This chapter reviews the theories of the corporation offered by Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Marx, looking at how they would answer the questions posed in the first chapter. We see that for the same reasons that Smith celebrated the “invisible hand” of the market, he was deeply skeptical of the joint-stock company. Mill and Marx, on the other hand, see in the joint-stock company the possibility of moral progress; Mill contended that joint-stock companies would give way to an economy dominated by worker cooperatives, and Marx accorded it a crucial role in the transcendence of capitalism. In the process of this overview we begin to see how firms and corporations are distinct from markets, and how one’s normative appraisal of the latter will affect the way they understand and assess the former.
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Bridgett, Rob. Contextualizing Game Audio Aesthetics. Edited by John Richardson, Claudia Gorbman, and Carol Vernallis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199733866.013.008.
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This article appears in theOxford Handbook of New Audiovisual Aestheticsedited by John Richardson, Claudia Gorbman, and Carol Vernallis. This chapter is a reflective discourse on the aesthetics and production processes of sound in video games, not only from a technological perspective, but also from the viewpoint that video games are part of an ongoing cultural continuum that deeply involves cinema, music, and other media. The chapter takes the form of a meditative discussion on the practice, process, and craft of designing and directing interactive sound for a game, providing insight into some of the collaborative work that is involved in creating the overall effect of a finished soundtrack for a modern video game. The article makes specific reference to the role and thought processes of the audio director on the video gameScarface: The World is Yours(2006).
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Cannon Harris, Susan. Arrested Development: Utopian Desires, Designs and Deferrals in Man and Superman and John Bull’s Other Island. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474424462.003.0003.
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This chapter draws on queer theories of futurity and the history of British socialism to explore Shaw’s radical ambivalence about Irishness and about utopian desire – which were, for him, intimately linked. Shaw’s repudiation of socialist praxis in favor of reproductive futurism in Man and Superman masks his shame about the anti-productivity associated with Irishness. Shaw’s treatment of Ireland and Irishness in Man and Superman, nevertheless, becomes an outlet for his deep discomfort with the developmental logic undergirding both evolutionary theory and capitalism. Shaw recognised the Ireland depicted by the Irish Players during their London visits in 1903 and 1904 as a place outside of developmental logic, in which Shaw might re-present the utopian desires he had rejected after the Avenue Theatre catastrophe. By excavating the role that Ebenezer Howard’s Garden City project once played in John Bull’s construction, this chapter shows how deeply bound up Shaw’s first Irish play was with the socialist dream of land nationalization and with William Morris’s faith in design. Through a reading of Father Keegan, this chapter argues that the play’s failure to develop a coherent plot helps preserve the hope that Ireland might yet become the site of radical change.
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Patterson, W. B. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793700.003.0011.
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Fuller’s books about England’s religious past helped to stimulate an outpouring of historical writing. Peter Heylyn wrote about some of the same subjects as Fuller, and so did Gilbert Burnet, Edward Stillingfleet, John Strype, and Jeremy Collier. Burnet, who looked for models for his history of the English Reformation, was sarcastic about Fuller, partly because of the latter’s “odd way of writing.” Fuller’s work was not highly regarded in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. In the nineteenth century Charles Lamb, Robert Southey, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge deeply admired him for his insights and praised him for his writing. Several nineteenth-century historians defended his work. His reputation has remained uncertain, despite fresh assessments in recent years. Coleridge was remarkably apt in his viewpoint. Fuller saw the broader significance of the events he described and was one of the most sensible scholars and writers of his time.
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Haw, Richard. Engineering America. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190663902.001.0001.
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John Roebling was one of the nineteenth century’s most brilliant engineers, ingenious inventors, successful manufacturers, and fascinating personalities. Raised in a German backwater amid the war-torn chaos of the Napoleonic Wars, he immigrated to the United States in 1831, where he became wealthy and acclaimed, eventually receiving a carte-blanche contract to build one of the nineteenth century’s most stupendous and daring works of engineering: a gigantic suspension bridge to span the East River between New York and Brooklyn. In between, he thought, wrote, and worked tirelessly. He dug canals and surveyed railroads; he planned communities and founded new industries. Horace Greeley called him “a model immigrant”; generations later, F. Scott Fitzgerald worked on a script for the movie version of his life. Like his finest creations, Roebling was held together by a delicate balance of countervailing forces. On the surface, his life was exemplary and his accomplishments legion. As an immigrant and employer, he was respected throughout the world. As an engineer, his works profoundly altered the physical landscape of America. He was a voracious reader, a fervent abolitionist, and an engaged social commentator. His understanding of the natural world, however, bordered on the occult, and his opinions about medicine are best described as medieval. For a man of science and great self-certainty, he was also remarkably quick to seize on a whole host of fads and foolish trends. Yet Roebling spun these strands together. Throughout his life, he believed in the moral application of science and technology, that bridges—along with other great works of connection, the Atlantic cable, the Transcontinental Railroad—could help bring people together, erase divisions, and heal wounds. Like Walt Whitman, Roebling was deeply committed to the creation of a more perfect union, forged from the raw materials of the continent. John Roebling was a complex, deeply divided, yet undoubtedly influential figure, and his biography illuminates not only his works but also the world of nineteenth-century America. Roebling’s engineering feats are well known, but the man himself is not; for alongside the drama of large-scale construction lies an equally rich drama of intellectual and social development and crisis, one that mirrored and reflected the great forces, trials, and failures of the American nineteenth century.
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McRae, Calista. Lyric as Comedy. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501750977.001.0001.
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A poet walks into a bar... this book explores the unexpected comic opportunities within recent American poems about deeply personal, often embarrassing, experiences. Lyric poems, the book finds, can be surprising sites of a shifting, unruly comedy, as seen in the work of John Berryman, Robert Lowell, A. R. Ammons, Terrance Hayes, Morgan Parker, Natalie Shapero, and Monica Youn. The book draws out the ways in which key American poets have struggled with persistent expectations about what expressive poetry can and should do. It reveals how the modern lyric, rather than bestowing order on the poet's thoughts and emotions, can center on impropriety and confusion, formal breakage and linguistic unruliness, and self-observation and self-staging. The close readings in the book also provide new insight into the theory and aesthetics of comedy, taking in the indirect, glancing comic affordances of poetry. In doing so, the book captures varieties of humor that do not align with traditional terms, centering abjection and pleasure as facets of contemporary lyric practice.
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Lemons, J. Derrick, ed. Theologically Engaged Anthropology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797852.001.0001.
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This book emerged out of a three-year John Templeton grant sponsored collaboration between anthropologists and theologians who sought to discover frameworks which allow for a productive interchange between anthropologists and theologians. To these discussions, theologians brought a long history of using the intellectual and social resources of the Christian tradition to address issues of pressing concern, such as the nature and value of cultural and personal change, the ways meaningful lives are constructed, the nature of human morality, and the means by which ultimate concerns inform the conduct of everyday life. For their part, anthropologists brought their own traditions of investigation of these questions, and they also brought a rapidly growing body of material on how these issues play out in the lives of Christians hailing from all corners of the globe and living in a wide range of social and material circumstances. This collection of essays synthesizes and presents the important themes produced from this collaboration. Furthermore, this volume discusses deeply held theological assumptions that humans make about the nature of reality and illustrate how these assumptions manifest themselves in society. It provides anthropologists and theologians with a rationale and frameworks for using theology in anthropological research.
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Richards, Jennifer. Voices and Books in the English Renaissance. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809067.001.0001.
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Two ideas lie at the heart of this study and its claim that we need a new history of reading: that voices in books can affect us deeply; that printed books can be brought to life with the voice. Voices and Books offers a new history of reading focused on the oral and voice-aware silent reader, rather than the historical reader we have privileged in the last few decades, who is invariably male, silent, and alone. It recovers the vocality of education for boys and girls in Renaissance England, and the importance of training in pronuntiatio (delivery) for oral-aural literary culture. It offers the first attempt to recover the voice—and tone—from textual sources. It explores what happens when we bring voice to text, how vocal tone realizes or changes textual meaning, and how the literary writers of the past tried to represent their own and others’ voices, as well as manage and exploit the voices of their readers. It offers fresh readings of the key Tudor authors who anticipated oral readers: John Bale, Anne Askew, William Baldwin, Thomas Nashe. And it aims to rethink what a printed book can be, searching the printed page for vocal cues, and exploring the neglected role of the voice in the printing process.
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Quint, David. Inside Paradise Lost. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161914.001.0001.
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Inside “Paradise Lost” opens up new readings and ways of reading John Milton's epic poem by mapping out the intricacies of its narrative and symbolic designs and by revealing and exploring the deeply allusive texture of its verse. This book demonstrates how systematic patterns of allusion and keywords give structure and coherence both to individual books of Paradise Lost and to the overarching relationship among its books and episodes. Looking at poems within the poem, the book provides new interpretations as he takes readers through the major subjects of Paradise Lost—its relationship to epic tradition and the Bible, its cosmology and politics, and its dramas of human choice. The book shows how Milton radically revises the epic tradition and the Genesis story itself by arguing that it is better to create than destroy, by telling the reader to make love, not war, and by appearing to ratify Adam's decision to fall and die with his wife. The Milton of this Paradise Lost is a Christian humanist who believes in the power and freedom of human moral agency. As this indispensable guide and reference takes us inside the poetry of Milton's masterpiece, Paradise Lost reveals itself in new formal configurations and unsuspected levels of meaning and design.
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Gordon, Bruce, and Carl R. Trueman, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Calvin and Calvinism. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198728818.001.0001.
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This collection offers a fresh assessment of John Calvin and the tradition of Calvinism as it evolved from the sixteenth century to today. The essays are written by scholars who present the latest research on a pluriform religious movement that became a global faith. The volume focuses on key aspects of Calvin’s thought and its diverse reception in Europe, the transatlantic world, Africa, South America, and Asia. Calvin’s theology was from the beginning open to a wide range of interpretations and was never a static body of ideas and practices. Over the course of his life his thought evolved and deepened while retaining unresolved tensions and questions that created a legacy that was constantly evolving in different cultural contexts. Calvinism itself is an elusive term, bringing together Christian communities that claim a shared heritage but often possess radically distinct characters. The handbook reveals fascinating patterns of continuity and change to demonstrate how the movement claimed the name of the Genevan Reformer but was moulded by an extraordinary range of religious, intellectual, and historical influences, from the Enlightenment and Darwinism to indigenous African beliefs and postmodernism. In its global contexts, Calvinism has been continuously reimagined and reinterpreted. This collection throws new light on the highly dynamic and fluid nature of a deeply influential form of Christianity.
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Sasso, Eleonora. The Pre-Raphaelites and Orientalism. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474407168.001.0001.
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The book redefines the task of interpreting the East in the late nineteenth century, weaving together literary, linguistic, and cognitive analyses of Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings. It takes as a starting point Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978) in order to investigate the latent and manifest traces of the East in Pre-Raphaelite literature and culture. As the book demonstrates, the Pre-Raphaelites and their associates appeared to be the most eligible representatives of a profoundly conservative manifestation of the Orient, of its mystic aura, criminal underworld and feminine sensuality. As readers of Edward Lane’s and Richard F. Burton’s translations of the Arabian Nights, John Ruskin, D.G. Rossetti, Christina Rossetti, William Morris, Algernon Swinburne, Aubrey Beardsley, and Ford Madox Ford were deeply affected by the stories of Aladdin, Sinbad and Ali Baba (and the less known Hasan, Anime, and Parisad), whose parables of magic, adventure and love seem to be haunting their Pre-Raphaelite imagination. Through cognitive linguistics and its wide range of approaches (conceptual metaphors, scripts and schemas, prominence, figure, ground, parables, prototypes, deixis and text world theory), which provide an illuminating framework for discussing the blend of East and West in Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings, this book demonstrates how Ruskin, the Rossetti brothers, Morris, Swinburne, Beardsley and Ford took property from the stories of the Arabian Nights and reused them in another remediations.
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Baker, David, and Lucy Green. Disability Arts and Visually Impaired Musicians in the Community. Edited by Brydie-Leigh Bartleet and Lee Higgins. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190219505.013.1.
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This chapter reports on a multifaceted ‘disability arts scene’ in music worldwide that comprises visually impaired (i.e., blind and partially sighted) instrumentalists, singers, composers, producers, and others across a range of musical styles and genres. Some such musicians work alone but are usually deeply involved in networks. Others join community music ensembles that can be made up of musicians with a range of disabilities including visual impairments, or that consist entirely of visually impaired people. When promoting their community music participation, some visually impaired musicians draw on the history and traditions of the blind in music across the world, and thus exists the lore concerning special dispensations in the absence of sight. Yet there are also visually impaired musicians who distance themselves from that self-identity. The chapter explores how members of this unique socio-musical group consider the aforesaid ‘scene’ and its integral community music, and how their interpretations correspond or clash; it introduces key matters of accessibility, independent mobility, identity, musical approach and media, notions of discrimination, and social inclusion.
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Emerson, Blake. The Public's Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190682873.001.0001.
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The Public’s Law is a theory and history of democracy in the American administrative state. The book describes how American Progressive thinkers—such as John Dewey, W.E.B. Du Bois, and Woodrow Wilson—developed a democratic understanding of the state from their study of Hegelian political thought. G.W.F. Hegel understood the state as an institution that regulated society in the interest of freedom. This normative account of the state distinguished his view from later German theorists, such as Max Weber, who adopted a technocratic conception of bureaucracy, and others, such as Carl Schmitt, who prioritized the will of the chief executive. The Progressives embraced Hegel’s view of the connection between bureaucracy and freedom, but sought to democratize his concept of the state. They agreed that welfare services, economic regulation, and official discretion were needed to guarantee conditions for self-determination. But they stressed that the people should participate deeply in administrative policymaking. This Progressive ideal influenced administrative programs during the New Deal. It also sheds light on interventions in the War on Poverty and the Second Reconstruction, as well as on the Administrative Procedure Act of 1946. The book develops a normative theory of the state on the basis of this intellectual and institutional history, with implications for deliberative democratic theory, constitutional theory, and administrative law. On this view, the administrative state should provide regulation and social services through deliberative procedures, rather than hinge its legitimacy on presidential authority or economistic reasoning.
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Leventhal, Fred, and Peter Stansky. Leonard Woolf. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814146.001.0001.
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This is a wide-ranging biography of Leonard Woolf (1880–1969), an important yet somewhat neglected figure in British life. He is in the unusual position of being overshadowed by his wife, Virginia Woolf, and his role in helping her is part of this study. He was born in London to a father who was a successful barrister but whose early death left the family in economic difficulty. Though he abandoned his Judaism when young, being Jewish was deeply significant in shaping Leonard’s ideas, as well as the Hellenism imbibed as a student at both St Paul’s and Trinity College, Cambridge. Despite his secularism, there were surprisingly spiritual dimensions to his life. At Cambridge he was a member of the secret discussion group, the Apostles, as were his friends Lytton Stracheyand John Maynard Keynes, thus becoming part of the later Bloomsbury Group. He spent seven years as a successful civil servant in Ceylon, which later enabled him to write brilliantly about empire as well as a powerful novel, The Village in the Jungle. Returning to London in 1911, he married Virginia Woolf the next year. In 1917 they founded the Hogarth Press, a successful and significant publishing house. During his long life he became a major figure, a prolific writer on a range of subjects, most importantly international affairs, especially the creation of the League of Nations, a range of domestic problems, and issues of imperialism, particularly in Africa. He was a seminal figure in twentieth-century British life.
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Pitkin, Barbara. Calvin, the Bible, and History. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190093273.001.0001.
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Calvin, the Bible, and History investigates John Calvin’s distinctive historicizing approach to scripture. The book explores how historical consciousness manifests itself in Calvin’s engagement with the Bible, sometimes leading him to unusual, unprecedented, and occasionally deeply controversial exegetical conclusions. It reshapes the image of Calvin as a biblical interpreter by situating his approach within the context of premodern Christian biblical interpretation, recent Protestant hermeneutical trends, and early modern views of history. In an introductory overview of Calvin’s method and seven chapters focusing on his interpretation of different biblical books or authors, Barbara Pitkin analyzes his engagement with scripture from the Pentateuch to his reception of the apostle Paul. Each chapter examines intellectual or cultural contexts, situating Calvin’s readings within traditional and contemporary exegesis, broader cultural trends, or historical developments, and explores the theme of historical consciousness from a different angle, focusing, for example, on Calvin’s historicizing treatment of Old Testament prophecy, or his reflection of contemporary historiographical trends, or his efforts to relate the biblical past to present historical conditions. An epilogue explores the significance of these findings for understanding Calvin’s concept of history. Collectively these linked case studies illustrate the multifaceted character and expansive impact of his sense of history on his reading of the Bible. They demonstrate that Calvin’s biblical exegesis must be seen in the context of the rising enthusiasm for defining adequate and more formalized approaches to the past that is evident in the writings of Renaissance humanists, early modern historical theorists, and religious reformers across the confessional spectrum.
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Hart, D. G. Benjamin Franklin. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788997.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Benjamin Franklin grew up in a devout Protestant family with limited prospects for wealth and fame. By hard work, limitless curiosity, native intelligence, and luck (what he called “providence”), Franklin became one of Philadelphia’s most prominent leaders, a world-recognized scientist, and the United States’ leading diplomat during the War for Independence. Along the way, Franklin embodied the Protestant ethics and cultural habits he learned and observed as a youth in Puritan Boston. This book follows Franklin’s remarkable career through the lens of the trends and innovations that the Protestant Reformation started (both directly and indirectly) almost two centuries earlier. The Philadelphian’s work as a printer, civic reformer, institution builder, scientist, inventor, writer, self-help dispenser, politician, and statesman was deeply rooted in the culture and outlook that Protestantism nurtured. Through the alternatives to medieval church and society, Protestants built societies and instilled habits of character and mind that allowed figures such as Franklin to build the life that he did. Through it all, Franklin could not assent to all of Protestantism’s doctrines or observe its worship. But for most of his life, he acknowledged his debt to his creator, reveled in the natural world guided by providence, and conducted himself in a way (imperfectly) to merit divine approval. This biography recognizes Franklin as a cultural or non-observant Protestant, someone who thought of himself as a Presbyterian, ordered his life as other Protestants did, sometimes went to worship services, read his Bible, and prayed, but could not go all the way and join a church.