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Journal articles on the topic 'JOINT DISEASES; DIAGNOSIS'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

F. Fasanelo Gomes, Luanna, and Stefano C. Filippo Hagen. "Ultrasonography diagnosis of joint diseases in dogs – review." Clínica Veterinária XXIV, no. 139 (March 1, 2019): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46958/rcv.2019.xxiv.n.139.p.54-65.

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Ultrasonography is not frequently used in the evaluation of the musculoskeletal system of dogs. During the last three decades this imaging technique has been shown to be valuable in the diagnosis and monitoring the musculoskeletal disorders of human patients. Ultrasonography allows recognitions of different anatomical joint structures and enables detection of lesions in tendons, ligaments, joint capsule, cartilage, meniscus and bone surfaces. The diagnostic value of the technique is highly operator-dependent, and can be influenced by the difficult to access to some anatomical structures. In spite of its limitations, the availability and low cost of the ultrasonography can make it an important tool in the assessment of musculoskeletal disorders in dogs.

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2

Zimmerli, Werner. "Prosthetic joint infection: Diagnosis and treatment." Current Infectious Disease Reports 2, no. 5 (October 2000): 377–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11908-000-0059-z.

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3

Abdushukurova, Kamila. "DIAGNOSIS OF OSTEOPOROSIS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS." Doctor's Herald/ Доктор ахборотномаси /Вестник врача 93, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.38095/2181-466x-2020931-8-10.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic joint disease with erosive and destructive lesions of the peripheral joints. The incidence of RA is 10% for rheumatic diseases and 0.5-1.0% in the general population. Women get sick 3-6 times more often than men

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4

Gomez-Urena, Eric O., Aaron J. Tande, Douglas R. Osmon, and Elie F. Berbari. "Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection." Infectious Disease Clinics of North America 31, no. 2 (June 2017): 219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2017.01.008.

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5

Chichasova, N. V. "Differential diagnosis in joint and spine damages." Modern Rheumatology Journal 14, no. 2 (May 30, 2020): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2020-2-14-19.

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The lecture covers main approaches to differential diagnosis in rheumatic diseases. It highlights the key questions that should be answered at the primary examination of the patient. The most important signs that can identify severe, sometimes urgent nonrheumatic diseases are presented. The author describes pain of different patterns and intensity and the most common variants of acute or chronic onset of mono-, oligo-, or polyarthritis. The 2016 European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) definition of arthralgia suspicious for the development of rheumatoid arthritis is given. The lecture presents the signs indicating the inflammatory nature of back pain in cases of suspected spondyloarthritis (SpA), as well as a two-step diagnostic strategy for axial SpA. Attention is paid to the semiotics of joint damage and extra-articular manifestations in various rheumatic diseases. A brief algorithm for a differential diagnostic search for joint pain is given.

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6

Stevanović, Oliver, Maciej Janeczek, Aleksander Chrószcz, and Nemanja Marković. "Joint Diseases in Animal Paleopathology: Veterinary Approach." Macedonian Veterinary Review 38, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14432/j.macvetrev.2014.10.024.

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Abstract Animal paleopathology is not a very well known scientific discipline within veterinary science, but it has great importance for historical and archaeological investigations. In this paper, authors attention is focused on the description of one of the most common findings on the skeletal remains of animals - osteoarthropathies. This review particularly emphasizes the description and classification of the most common pathological changes in synovial joints. The authors have provided their observations on the importance of joint diseases in paleopathology and veterinary medicine. Analysis of individual processes in the joints of the animals from the past may help in the understanding of diseases in modern veterinary medicine. Differential diagnosis was made a point of emphasis and discussion, so that this work could have practical significance for paleopathology and veterinary medicine.

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7

Kamosko, Mikhail Mikhailovich, and Mahmoud Stanislavovich Poznovich. "Radiological diagnosis of hip joint abnormalities in children." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 3, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors3232-41.

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Abnormalities of the hip joint in children covers a wide range of diseases, including both congenital and acquired ones. Hip dysplasia, Legg-Calve-Perthes disease and juvenile slipped capital femoral epiphysis account for up to 25 % of all diseases of the musculoskeletal system in pediatric patients. Early diagnosis of these disorders and timely treatment are of paramount importance in the prevention of childhood disability.

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8

Kim, E. Edmund. "Combined Scintigraphic and Radiographic Diagnosis of Bone and Joint Diseases." Journal of Nuclear Medicine 59, no. 2 (December 21, 2017): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.117.206698.

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9

Kim, E. E. "Combined Scintigraphic and Radiographic Diagnosis of Bone and Joint Diseases." Journal of Nuclear Medicine 54, no. 7 (May 24, 2013): 1168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.113.126557.

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10

Butt, Paul. "Combined scintigraphic and radiographic diagnosis of bone and joint diseases." Current Orthopaedics 10, no. 3 (July 1996): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0268-0890(96)90031-6.

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11

Tobolska, Angelika, Zbigniew Adamiak, and Joanna Głodek. "Clinical applications of imaging modalities of the carpal joint in dogs with particular reference to the carpal canal." Journal of Veterinary Research 64, no. 1 (March 11, 2020): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2020-0006.

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AbstractThe structure of the canine carpal joint is complex. This small joint consists of articulations that include the antebrachiocarpal, middle, carpometacarpal, and intercarpal joint surfaces. A large number of ligaments and tendons support and stabilise the carpus in dogs. Many injuries of this joint in dogs are not correctly recognised, diagnosed, or treated due to the limited use of diagnostic imaging methods. Radiography, the most common of them, has extensive application in diagnosing the causes of lameness in small animals. Other techniques, such as ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging visualise other joint structures and surrounding soft tissues. However, these imaging modalities are rarely used to diagnose diseases and injuries of the canine carpus at present. The main reason for this is the small amount of research carried out and the lack of a properly described methodology for the use of imaging techniques. The wide use of all diagnostic imaging tools in the diagnosis of diseases and injuries of the wrist joint in humans shows that conducting studies on dogs could expand current knowledge. The use of these techniques in veterinary medicine could facilitate diagnosis and subsequent therapy of carpal disorders in dogs. MRI is the most frequently used imaging method in human medicine for visualisation of abnormalities of joints. This method could become a valuable part of the detection of inflammatory, traumatic, and degenerative diseases of the carpal joint in dogs.

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12

Gallo, Jiri. "Prosthetic Joint Infection: Updates on Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 3892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123892.

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13

Atkins, B. "The diagnosis of large joint sepsis." Journal of Hospital Infection 40, no. 4 (December 1998): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0195-6701(98)90302-4.

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14

Cobo, Javier, and Jose Luis Del Pozo. "Prosthetic joint infection: diagnosis and management." Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy 9, no. 9 (September 2011): 787–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/eri.11.95.

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15

Berendt, Anthony R. "Evidence-based diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection." Journal of Infection 40, no. 2 (March 2000): A9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-4453(00)80035-3.

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16

Peel, Trisha N., Kirsty L. Buising, and Peter F. M. Choong. "Diagnosis and management of prosthetic joint infection." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 25, no. 6 (December 2012): 670–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qco.0b013e32835915db.

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17

Prokhorova, E., E. Zhilyaev, and G. Zhilyaev. "POS1399 ALGORITHM FOR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF ARTHROPATHIES USING OSTEOSCINTIGRAPHY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 982.2–983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2931.

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Background:Joint bone scintigraphy is a promising method for diagnosing of inflammatory joint diseases. However, its scintigraphic semiotics remains to be developed.Objectives:To develop an algorithm for the differential diagnosis of the most common arthropathies based on quantitative osteoscintigraphy.Methods:This single-center study included inpatients with clinical diagnoses of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), axial spondyloarthritis (including ankylosing spondylitis - aSPA), peripheral spondyloarthritis (including reactive arthritis - pSpA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and osteoarthritis (ОА) established by a rheumatologist and meeting the relevant criteria, Three hours after the injection of pyrophosphate, labeled with Tc-99m, scintigraphy of the skeletal bones was carried out according to the “whole body” program. The joint / bone accumulation ratio (AR) was calculated as the ratios of counts in relevant areas. All AR were recalculated into T-score for each joint based on data from control group. The CHAID algorithm for classification trees constructing was used. The significance of the division in the nodes was estimated with Bonferroni adjustment.Results:266 patients were included in the study aged 46.6±14.3 years, men - 134 (50.4%). aSPA was diagnosed in 40 patients, pSpA in 87, RA in 45, ОА in 68, PsA in 26. 2279 joints were analyzed. A classification tree for differential diagnosis of arthropathies has been built (Pict.). Key indicators for identifying subgroups in the algorithm: AR in the wrist, knee and hip joints.At the first step of the classification tree, the sum of the T-scores of the wrist joints is determined. If this amount exceeds 7.76 (node 2), the most likely diagnosis is RA (58.5% of patients in the subgroup of this node). Patients with the sum of the T-scores in the wrist joints less than 7.76 (node 1), in turn, were divided depending on the sum of the T-scores of hip joints. Those with this value less than 3.25 (node 3), mainly suffered from OA (48.7%), less often in this subgroup were diagnosed pSpA (16.7%) and PsA (14.1%). Patients in whom the sum of the T-score in the hips was more than 3.245 (node 4) were further subdivided depending on the sum of the T-scores in the shoulder joints. If it was more than 4.21 (node 8), then pSpA was most likely (58.7%). If the sum of the T-scores of the shoulder joints was in the range from 2.05 to 4.21 (node 7), then these are mainly patients with spondyloarthritides (56.2% with aSPA and 31.2% with pSpA) and a small number of patients (10%) with PsA. In the subgroup with the sum of T-scores of the shoulder joints <2.05 (node 6), patients with PSA (40%) prevailed, with a significant proportion of persons with OA (27.5%). Thus, out of the final branches formed by the tree (node 2, 3, nodes 6-8), four correspond to certain diseases (node 2 - PA, node 3 - OA, node 7 - aSPA, node 8 - pSpA). Node 6 includes patients with various diseases with a predominance of PsA. The level of significance of differences between the formed groups at all branch points of the tree is p = 0.001 or less (Bonferroni adjusted). In the training sample, 51.5% of observations are correctly classified. According to cross-validation data, the expected rate of correct classifications in real application of the algorithm is 38.0%.Conclusion:An algorithm for the differential diagnosis of the most common inflammatory diseases of the joints has been developed, which makes it possible to use the data of quantitative osteoscintigraphy in the process of diagnosing arthritis.Acknowledgements:MD. PhD Constantin V. Kushnir, Main hospital of police.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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18

Johnson, Justine, Connie Austin, and Gert Breur. "Incidence of Canine Appendicular Musculoskeletal Disorders in 16 Veterinary Teaching Hospitals from 1980 through 1989." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 07, no. 02 (1994): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1633097.

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SummaryThe goal of this study was to determine the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in a large canine population. Patient information was obtained from clinical cases contributed to the Veterinary Medical Data Base (VMDB) by 16 veterinary teaching hospitals during the ten year period of 1980 through 1989. The relative contribution of bone diseases, joint diseases, and muscle-tendon-unit diseases was determined, and the incidence of each musculoskeletal disease reported.Nearly 24% of all patients in the source population had been affected by a disorder of the musculoskeletal system, and over 70% of those diagnoses involved appendicular structures. Diseases of joints, ligaments, and related structures contributed more cases (47%) to this study than diseases of bones (39%) or muscle-tendon-units (14%). Fractures made up the largest disease category, with pelvic fractures most common, followed by femoral fractures, and fractures of the radius and/or ulna. Joint instability and degenerative joint dis-ease were also common diagnosis categories, affecting primarily the hip and stifle joints. Common specific dis-ease entities included hip dysplasia, cruciate ligament rupture, traumatic hip luxation and patellar luxation.In this study we provided a comprehensive analysis of the canine musculoskeletal system. The relative importance of joint disorders compared to those of bones and muscle-tendon-units was illustrated. The incidence of most of the disorders described in this report had not been well documented previously.Patient information was obtained from the clinical cases of 16 veterinary teaching hospitals during a 10-year period. The number of dogs with musculoskeletal disorders was determined. The absolute and relative contribution of bone diseases, joint diseases, and muscle-tendon-unit diseases is reported as well as the incidence of the specific disease entities affecting the canine appendicular musculoskeletal system.

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19

Hari, Krishnan G., Natarajan R. Ananda, and Anima Nanda. "Impact of Upper Limb Joint Fluid Variation on Inflammatory Diseases Diagnosis." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology 9, no. 6 (November 1, 2014): 2114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/jeet.2014.9.6.2114.

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20

Guggi, Vincent, Liliane Calame, and Jean-Charles Gerster. "Contribution of digit joint aspiration to the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases." Joint Bone Spine 69, no. 1 (January 2002): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1297-319x(01)00342-6.

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21

Olyunin, Yu A. "Hand osteoarthritis: Differential diagnosis with inflammatory joint diseases and treatment policy." Modern Rheumatology Journal 9, no. 4 (January 1, 2015): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2015-4-77-82.

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22

Prokhorova, E. G., E. A. Shikina, G. E. Zhilyaev, and E. V. Zhilyaev. "Statistically based algorithm for differential diagnosis of arthropathies based on quantitative osteoscintigraphy." Rheumatology Science and Practice 59, no. 3 (July 15, 2021): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2021-296-301.

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Background. EULAR experts include osteoscintigraphy of joints in the list of promising methods for the diagnosis of joint diseases. However, the method remains little used in rheumatology in our country.Aim of the study – to develop an algorithm for differential diagnosis for the most common arthropathies based on quantitative osteoscintigraphy.Materials and methods. 3 hours after the injection of pyrophosphate labeled with Tc-99m, scintigraphy of skeletal bones was performed according to the “whole body” program. The joint/adjacent bone uptake ratio was calculated. The CHAID algorithm was used for classification tree constructing.Results. The study included 266 patients aged 46.6±14.3 years, 134 men (50.4%). Axial spondyloarthritis (including ankylosing spondylitis) was diagnosed in 40 patients, peripheral spondyloarthritis (including reactive arthritis) – in 87, rheumatoid arthritis– in 45, osteoarthritis – in 68, psoriatic arthritis – in 26 people. A total of 2279 joints were included in the analysis. A classification tree algorithm for differential diagnosis of arthropathies was constructed. Key indicators for identifying subgroups in the algorithm were the intensity of radiopharmaceutical uptake in the wrist, knee and hip joints. The significance level of differences between the resulting groups at all points of the algorithm branching, taking into account the Bonferroni adjustment, was p=0.001 or less. In the training sample, 51.5% of the observations were correctly classified. According to results of the cross-validation, the expected rate of correct classifications in the actual application of the algorithm is 38.0%.Conclusions. An algorithm for differential diagnosis of the most common inflammatory diseases of the joints has been developed. It allows the use of quantitative osteoscintigraphy data in the diagnosis of arthritis.

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23

Gomez, Eric, and Robin Patel. "Laboratory Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection, Part I." Clinical Microbiology Newsletter 33, no. 8 (April 2011): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2011.03.004.

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24

Gomez, Eric, and Robin Patel. "Laboratory Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection, Part II." Clinical Microbiology Newsletter 33, no. 9 (May 2011): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2011.04.001.

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25

Kozhevnikov, Aleksei Nikolaevich, Nina Anatolievna Pozdeeva, Mikhail Aleksandrovich Konev, Vladimir Vasilievich Selizov, Evgenii Vladimirovich Prokopovich, Maksim Sergeevich Nikitin, Aleksei Vitalievich Moskalenko, and Konstantin Alexandrovich Afonichev. "JUVENILE ARTHRITIS: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 2, no. 4 (December 15, 2014): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors2466-73.

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The diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory joint diseases is the pressing problem of pediatric rheumatology and orthopedics. Juvenile arthritis is the most frequent chronic inflammatory disease of the musculoskeletal system in children and adolescents. Still juvenile arthritis is often misdiagnosed. The article provides current knowledge on juvenile arthritis, its clinical manifestations, as well as diagnostic and treatment strategies, and differential diagnosis.

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Костина, И., and I. Kostina. "DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHROSIS TMJ." Actual problems in dentistry 10, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2014-0-1-8-12.

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<p>Osteoarthrosis (OA) is a common disease of the joints. Etiology of the disease to date has not been studied. In the development of OA play the role of different risk factors. Lack of pathognomonic of clinical symptoms of OA temporomandibular joint (TMJ), staging over to the gradual change in the severity of radiographic changes make it difficult to diagnose. Radiation methods of TMJ play an important role in the differential diagnosis of OA. In the treatment of OA TMJ should take into account the clinical form, the presence of complications, concomitant diseases of the patient.</p><p> </p>

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27

Lobov, Il'ya L'vovich, S. E. Kul'banskaya, M. A. Uronova, I. L. Lobov, S. E. Kulbanskaya, and M. A. Uronova. "Algorithm for Early Diagnosis and Treatment Tactics of Diseases Accompanied by Coxalgia in Children." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 16, no. 2 (June 15, 2009): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto200916267-71.

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Examination and treatment of 524 children with coxalgia has been performed. Algorithm for early diagnosis of various hip joint diseases accompanied by coxalgia has been elaborated. The factors causing hip joint response resulting in different pathology including Leg-Calve-Perthes disease have been determined. In the majority of cases application of modified splint in combination with drug therapy enabled to normalize blood circulation in the affected joint and prevent the development of secondary deformities of the femoral head.

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28

Moran, E., I. Byren, and B. L. Atkins. "The diagnosis and management of prosthetic joint infections." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 65, Supplement 3 (September 28, 2010): iii45—iii54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkq305.

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29

Gupta, Puneeta, and Rohit Raina. "Poncet’s Disease – A Commonly Missed Diagnosis." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 28 (July 12, 2021): 2558–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/472.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of mortality among infectious diseases with estimated 1.5 million deaths from TB in 2018 -19 and presented as a public health concern. In 1897, the Frenchman Antonin Poncet first described Poncet's disease (PD) as a rare syndrome, where polyarthritis in an acute stage of TB, resolved without joint damage. Similar reports on patients of tuberculosis and joint pain led authors to improve the definition, and in 1978, PD was described as a para infective arthritis by Bloxham and Addy. Regardless of its doubtful existence, cases have been continued to be reported over the years. Poncet's disease is a form of reactive arthritis which is characterized by articular affection in patients diagnosed with TB where there is immune reaction to the tuberculous protein but there is no direct invasion by the micro-organism.1,2 PD is to be differentiated from tuberculous arthritis where there is monoarticular and direct tubercular involvement of the joint. Before more obvious features develop, the sole manifestation of the disease is joint involvement. Crippling pain is experienced during polyarthritis which limits the mobility and activities of patients. Polyarthritis can also occur in common causes such as rheumatological diseases as a symptom and thus can be easily misdiagnosed. Polyarthropathy, that is multiple large and small joints involvement in the body, is the one of the rarest presentations in both active pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. This polyarticular impairment observed in patients with active TB, a form of reactive arthritis is known as Poncet’s disease. Since there is no direct bacillary invasion of the joints, it is an aseptic form of arthritis. It is not to be confused with tuberculous arthritis, which is usually monoarticular and where there is direct tuberculin infection. Poncet's disease remains a diagnosis of exclusion. Since case reports are very rare even in countries where tuberculosis is common thus no accepted diagnostic criteria is set for Poncet's disease. This diagnostic possibility becomes increasingly important as the use of corticosteroids, immune suppressants or biologicals can risk further dissemination of the disease. We describe the case of a 50-year-old woman, who presented with active tuberculosis where polyarthralgia was the first and only symptom for four months. Polyarthritis patients were being treated with both non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antitubercular therapy and to the surprise patients with antitubercular treatment had complete resolution of symptoms after 6-week therapy whereas non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) offer no benefit. The total duration of therapy was 6 months.

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30

Holtmann, Henrik, Thomas Böttinger, Norbert R. Kübler, Daman D. Singh, Christoph K. Sproll, Karoline Sander, Renan Langie, Felix Schrader, and Julian Lommen. "Intra- and extracapsular synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint: Rare case and review of the literature." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 6 (January 1, 2018): 2050313X1877530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x18775307.

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Synovial chondromatosis is a benign disease which most commonly appears in large joints and only rarely affects the temporomandibular joint. The diagnosis is quite difficult due to the fact that a large swelling in the preauricular area and the radiographic findings may be misdiagnosed as other benign or malignant diseases. We report an unusual case of intra- and extracapsular chondromatosis of 25 osteochondral loose bodies in the right temporomandibular joint.

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31

Jacobsson, Hans. "Book Review: Combined Scintigraphic and Radiographic Diagnosis of Bone and Joint Diseases." Acta Radiologica 37, no. 1P1 (January 1996): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02841851960371p149.

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32

Cataldo, Maria Adriana, Nicola Petrosillo, Michela Cipriani, Roberto Cauda, and Evelina Tacconelli. "Prosthetic joint infection: Recent developments in diagnosis and management." Journal of Infection 61, no. 6 (December 2010): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2010.09.033.

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33

Ezzati, Fatemeh, Majid Chalian, and Parham Pezeshk. "3D MRI of the Rheumatic Diseases." Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology 25, no. 03 (June 2021): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731058.

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AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used to evaluate musculoskeletal pathologies due to its high spatial resolution and excellent tissue contrast. The diagnosis of rheumatic diseases can often be challenging. Investigation with conventional two-dimensional MRI is helpful for diagnosis and monitoring treatment. In the past few years, three-dimensional (3D) MRI has been more commonly used to assess joint pathologies including inflammatory and rheumatic diseases. This review discusses the techniques and protocols of 3D MRI and its diagnostic yield in the assessment of rheumatic diseases, along with different examples.

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Dar, S., D. Ludwig, M. Greenwood, H. Kazkaz, and V. Morris. "AB0948 TIME TO CONSIDER HYPERMOBILITY AS A CAUSE OF SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS PRESENTING TO EARLY ARTHRITIS CLINICS: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF 279 PATIENTS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1772.1–1772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4548.

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Background:Joint hypermobility is a common, although largely ignored physical sign. It is often asymptomatic but can be associated with significant musculoskeletal symptoms. Joint hypermobility may also be a feature of an underlying genetic disorder and patients may present with arthralgia, recurrent soft tissue injuries and intermittent joint swelling due to mechanical instability and poor proprioception. At University College London Hospital, we run a national service for the diagnosis and management of patients with hypermobility related disorders including hypermobility spectrum disorders, Ehlers-Danlos syndromes and Marfan syndrome. Over the years we observed that a significant number of our patients had been referred to the early arthritis clinics years prior to the recognition of their hypermobility. For example, one patient with a vascular type of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome EDS (confirmed COL3A mutation) presented to 3 different hospitals over a 5-year period, with possible inflammatory arthritis prior to the EDS diagnosis. Several studies have shown that a significant proportion of patients attending early arthritis clinics do not have inflammatory rheumatic diseases. In our experience, heritable disorders of connective tissue and hypermobility spectrum disorders are often overlooked and should be included in the differential diagnosis in patients seen in the early arthritis clinics.Objectives:We aimed to audit the outcome of patients who were seen in the early arthritis clinics focusing on those who were not found to have inflammatory rheumatic diseases and to explore if joint hypermobility was considered as a possible cause of patient’s symptoms.Methods:A retrospective analysis of medical records was conducted of patients attending the early arthritis clinics at University College London Hospital between May 2018 and December 2019.Results:279 patients (90 males, 189 females) were seen in the early arthritis clinics with a mean age of 48 (range 19-91). 131 patients (47%) did not have inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Sixty-three of these patients (48%) were not given any diagnosis and joint hypermobility was not assessed during the appointment. Eleven patients (8%) had features of hypermobility, 11 patients (8%) were diagnosed with fibromyalgia, 20 patients (15%) received a diagnosis of osteoarthritis, and 27 patients (21%) were given other diagnoses including tendonitis and soft tissue pathology.Conclusion:Almost 50 % of patients who were seen in the early arthritis clinics did not have inflammatory rheumatic diseases and 21 % of patients were discharged without a clear diagnosis. In these patients, hypermobility was not assessed and this is consistent with our observation. In our experience recognising joint hypermobility as a cause of arthralgia and intermittent joint swelling usually reassures patients and motivates them to follow appropriate treatment protocols including physiotherapy and occupational therapy thus allowing a more efficient utilization of early arthritis clinic resources towards those with true inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Going forward, we have planned to embed a cognisant attitude towards hypermobility within the relevant clinics to ensure that patients who do not have inflammatory arthritis are assessed for hypermobility and directed towards appropriate management.References:[1]Castori M, Hakim A. Contemporary approach to joint hypermobility & related disorders. Current Opinion in Pediatrics. 2017;29(6):640-649.[2]Emma Connelly, Alan Hakim, Sally Davenportc & Jane Simmonds, A study exploring the prevalence of Joint Hypermobility Syndrome in patients attending a Musculoskeletal Triage Clinic. Physiotherapy Practice & Research 36 (2015) 43–53[3]Feuchtenberger M, Nigg A, Kraus M, Schäfer A. Rate of Proven Rheumatic Diseases in a Large Collective of Referrals to an Outpatient Rheumatology Clinic under Routine Conditions. Clin Med Insights Arthritis Musculoskelet Disord. 2016; 9: 181–187.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Aslam, Saima, Charles Reitman, and Rabih O. Darouiche. "Risk Factors for Subsequent Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 31, no. 3 (March 2010): 298–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/650756.

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The factors associated with prosthetic joint infection for 126 patients in a case-control study were as follows: bacteremia during the previous year (odds ratio [OR], 4.25 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.3–3.8]), nonsurgical trauma to the prosthetic joint (OR, 21.5 [95% CI, 2.6–175.2]), and surgical site infection (OR, 5.25 [95% CI, 1.7–16.7]).

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Šterc, J., and T. Crháková. "Comparison of Findings from Oblique Radiographs of the Raised Limb with Those of the Weight-bearing Limb for Selected Diseases of the Equine Digit." Acta Veterinaria Brno 76, no. 1 (2007): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200776010097.

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In the present study, the radiographic examination of the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints was performed in 43 randomly selected horses. A total of 86 forelimbs were examined. On the forelimbs, dorsolateral-palmaromedial, and dorsomedial-palmarolateral oblique views were performed. The oblique views were performed on raised limbs placed in a navicular block and on weight-bearing limbs placed on a pedestal made at the equine clinic. In total, 688 dorsolateral-palmaromedial and dorsomedial-palmarolateral views were taken. During the evaluation of the radiographs we focused on the detection of signs of degenerative joint disease of the distal and proximal iterphalangeal joints, and the detection of new bone formation in the phalanx regions, not associated with a disease of the distal or proximal interphalangeal joints. Based on the radiographic signs visible on these views, we diagnosed 9 cases of degenerative joint disease of the distal intraphalangeal joint, 13 cases of the degenerative joint disease of the proximal intraphalangeal joint and 21 cases of new bone formation in the phalanx regions. These signs were observed in 253 of 688 oblique views. Positive radiographic findings of the above-mentioned disorders were shown on 127 oblique views of the raised limb placed in the navicular block and 126 oblique views of the weight-bearing limb placed on the pedestal we made. When 128 oblique views of the weight-bearing limb (placed on the pedestal) were compared with those of the raised limb (in the navicular block), there were different radiographic findings in three cases only. The differences in detection rates of radiographic signs between different type views showed no statistical significance (p ≥ 0.05). Therefore we assume that the pedestal we made can be routinely used for the radiographic examination of the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints on DL-PM and DM-PL oblique views, as part of pre-purchase examination or diagnosis of lameness.

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Esposito, Silvano, and Sebastiano Leone. "Prosthetic joint infections: microbiology, diagnosis, management and prevention." International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 32, no. 4 (October 2008): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.03.010.

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Costa, Michelle, Tina Rizak, and Bernard Zimmermann. "Rheumatologic Conditions of the Foot." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 94, no. 2 (March 1, 2004): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-94-2-177.

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Podiatric physicians are frequently the first clinicians with the opportunity to diagnose a rheumatologic disease. Awareness of the multisystem nature of the more common rheumatologic conditions will assist podiatrists in making the appropriate diagnosis. The specific joints affected, the temporal pattern of joint involvement, and the distribution of affected joints give clues to the diagnosis. Knowledge of the current treatment for rheumatic diseases as well as early referral for evaluation by a medical physician is essential for the appropriate care of patients with systemic arthritis. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 94(2): 177-186, 2004)

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Liu, Wen-Jing, Zhi Lv, Jing-Wei Liu, Qian Xu, Han-Xi Ding, and Yuan Yuan. "LncRNAs adjacent to pepsinogen C in gastric diseases and diagnostic efficiencies of joint detection in gastric diseases." Future Oncology 16, no. 11 (April 2020): 655–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/fon-2019-0833.

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Aims: We aimed to explore diagnostic efficiencies of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) adjacent to PGC combining with sPGC and anti- Helicobacter pylori IgG in identifying GC (gastric cancer) and precancerous disease. Patients & methods: A total of 265 patients with different gastric diseases were collected. ELISA was to detect sPGC and anti- H. pylori IgG. LncRNAs was determined by qRT-PCR. Results: The area under receiver operating characteristic curve of lncRNAs in discriminating GC+AG (atrophic gastritis) and superficial gastritis (SG) were 79.0, 68.1 and 75.9%. The diagnostic performance of lncRNAs with sPGC had increasing trends in distinguishing GC from non-GC, SG from GC+AG comparing with lncRNAs, with no statistic difference. Diagnosis efficacies of lncRNAs with anti- H. pylori IgG improved dramatically. Conclusions: Serum lncRNAs could distinguish GC, AG and SG. Diagnosis efficiencies of lncRNAs with sPGC and anti- H. pylori-IgG could be improved.

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Wilson, M. L., and W. Winn. "Laboratory Diagnosis of Bone, Joint, Soft-Tissue, and Skin Infections." Clinical Infectious Diseases 46, no. 3 (February 1, 2008): 453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/525535.

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Plath, T., H. Dallenbach, I. Ohnesorge, and B. Hoffmeister. "Synovial chondromatosis: a contribution to differential diagnosis of diseases of the temporomandibular joint." British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 36, no. 1 (February 1998): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-4356(98)90761-6.

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Barskova, V. G., M. S. Eliseev, S. A. Vladimirov, V. G. Barskova, M. S. Eliseyev, and S. A. Vladimirov. "DIAGNOSIS OF MICROCRYSTALLINE JOINT DISEASES BY POLARIZATION MICROSCOPY: INTERPRETATION AND GUIDELINESFOR THEIR STUDY." Modern Rheumatology Journal, no. 1 (March 14, 2010): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2010-594.

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Zilkens, Christoph, Carl Johann Tiderius, Rüdiger Krauspe, and Bernd Bittersohl. "Current knowledge and importance of dGEMRIC techniques in diagnosis of hip joint diseases." Skeletal Radiology 44, no. 8 (April 26, 2015): 1073–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00256-015-2135-3.

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Theermann, Ralf, Malte Ohlmeier, Carl Heinz Hartwig, Matthias Wolff, Veit Krenn, Caroline Liewen, Mustafa Citak, and Thorsten Gehrke. "Lipoma arborescens – Uncommon Diagnosis for Joint Swelling: Case Report and Review of the Literature." Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie 158, no. 06 (November 19, 2019): 618–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0997-6959.

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Abstract Introduction Soft tissue swelling of the knee joint can be caused by many diseases. Lipomas are one of the most reasonable differential diagnoses we have to consider. Therefore, we now present the uncommon case of a Lipoma arborescens (LA) and differentiate it from a quite similar manifesting spindle cell lipoma as follows. Case Report A 49-years old patient reports about progressive knee pain for four years and observes an increasing joint swelling. This swelling is a soft tissue, shiftable tumour, not painful. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast agent brings the diagnosis of an advanced osteoarthritis of the knee joint and classifies the tumour as LA. Subsequently, we treat the osteoarthritis by implanting a total knee arthroplasty with simultaneous intraoperative tumour resection performed as total synovectomy. The histopathological processing confirms the clinically and radiologically made diagnosis of LA. Summary Lipoma arborescens presents an uncommon subgroup of Lipomas, which is characterized by a slowly progressive increasing soft tissue swelling, especially around bigger human joints. Due to its intraarticular location, the LA might become clinically relevant when it reaches a certain tumour size. Looking at the diagnostics, sonography, MRI and especially the histopathological processing give the crucial results. Final proof can only be made by histopathological examination. Additionally, we have some differential diagnoses to exclude. Under these we predominantly find the spindle cell lipoma, synovial haemagioma, vascular synovial malformations and tenosynovial giant-cell tumour. Furthermore, an atypical lipomatous tumour should be excluded by FISH-analysis via determining the MDM2-Genamplification.

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Strizhakov, Leonid A., Sergei V. Guliaev, Sergei A. Babanov, and Sergei V. Moiseev. "Osteoarthrosis in the clinic of internal and occupational diseases: differential diagnostic aspects." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 92, no. 6 (July 9, 2020): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2020.06.000620.

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Osteoarthritis is a common pathology, which indicates the great medical and social significance of this disease. The article discusses the issues of pathogenesis, risk factors and diagnosis of professional and professionally caused osteoarthritis: the age of onset of the disease, the specifics of work, the localization of joint damage. Differential diagnosis issues are discussed.

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Rogers, K. S., D. Steinheimer, D. Bouley, and K. S. Schulz. "Identification of a Distal Nerve Sheath Tumour by a Caudolateral Approach to the Caudal Compartment of the Stifle Joint." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 10, no. 03 (1997): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632589.

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SummaryNumerous approaches to the stifle joint have been described for therapy of bone and joint diseases. The ease of these techniques, the adequacy of their exposure, and the presence of the neurovascular plexus in the caudal region of the stifle joint make a caudal approach impractical for routine use. Diseases of the caudal compartment of the stifle joint or neuro-vascular plexus may, however, necessitate surgery in this region. In the case presented, development of an approach to the caudal region was necessary for diagnosis of a distal nerve sheath tumour of a branch of the tibial nerve.Nerve sheath tumours in the dog occur most commonly in the brachial plexus or nerve roots. They infrequently occur in distal nerves and present with chronic and often severe pain. In this case a nerve sheath tumour of the tibial nerve was identified after a 16-month history of lameness and pain. Diagnosis required development of a caudolateral approach to the caudal compartment of the stifle joint. Amputation of the left hind limb was performed after confirmation of the diagnosis.

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Nikiphorou, Elena, Simon de Lusignan, Christian Mallen, Jacqueline Roberts, Kaivan Khavandi, Gabriella Bedarida, Christopher D. Buckley, James Galloway, and Karim Raza. "Prognostic value of comorbidity indices and lung diseases in early rheumatoid arthritis: a UK population-based study." Rheumatology 59, no. 6 (October 3, 2019): 1296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kez409.

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Abstract Objectives We assessed comorbidity burden in people with RA at diagnosis and early disease (3 years) and its association with early mortality and joint destruction. The association between lung disease and mortality in RA is not well studied; we also explored this relationship. Methods From a contemporary UK-based population (n = 1, 475 762) we identified a cohort with incident RA (n = 6591). The prevalence of comorbidities at diagnosis of RA and at 3 years was compared with age- and gender-matched controls (n = 6591). In individuals with RA we assessed the prognostic value of the Charlson Comorbidity Index and Rheumatic Disease Comorbidity Index calculated at diagnosis for all-cause mortality and joint destruction (with joint surgery as a surrogate marker). We separately evaluated the association between individual lung diseases [chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and interstitial lung disease] and mortality. Results Respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, previous fracture and depression were more common (P < 0.05) in patients with RA at diagnosis than controls. Comorbidity (assessed using RDCI) was associated with all-cause mortality in RA [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.26, 95% CI 1.00–1.60]. There was no association with joint destruction. COPD, but not asthma, was associated with mortality (COPD HR 2.84, 95% CI 1.13–7.12). Conclusion There is an excess burden of comorbidity at diagnosis of RA including COPD, asthma and interstitial lung disease. COPD is a major predictor of early mortality in early RA. Early assessment of comorbidity including lung disease should form part of the routine management of RA patients.

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Abako, Justyna, Piotr Holak, Joanna Głodek, and Yauheni Zhalniarovich. "Usefulness of Imaging Techniques in the Diagnosis of Selected Injuries and Lesions of the Canine Tarsus. A Review." Animals 11, no. 6 (June 19, 2021): 1834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061834.

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Tarsus lesions are not common in dogs, but they can cause serious health problem. They can lead to permanent changes in the joint and, in dogs involved in canine sports, to exclusion from training. The most common diseases and injuries involving the tarsal joint are osteochondrosis, fractures and ruptures of the Achilles tendon. These conditions can be diagnosed primarily through accurate orthopedic examination, but even this may be insufficient for performing a proper diagnosis. Imaging modalities such as radiography, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography can facilitate the detection and assessment of lesions in the canine tarsal joint. This review paper briefly presents some characteristics of the above-mentioned imaging techniques, offering a comparison of their utility in the diagnosis of lesions and injuries involving the canine tarsus.

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Ueyama, Kazumasa, Akihiro Okada, Naoki Echigoya, Toru Yokoyama, and Seiko Harata. "NEUROTROPHIC ARTHROPATHY CAUSED BY SPINAL DISORDERS." Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 05, no. 01 (March 2001): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957701000362.

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Neurotrophic arthropathy, also called Charcot joint, is caused by various diseases. We came across five cases associated with spinal disorders: two presented with syringomyelia with Chiari malformation, one presented with syringomyelia with arachnoiditis secondary to tuberculous meningitis, one presented with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) of the lumber spine, and one presented with spinal dysraphism. Neutrophic joints included two knees, two shoulders and one elbow. All spinal disorders were treated surgically but the Charcot joints were treated with arthrodesis in two knee cases and one shoulder case. Solid fusions of arthrodeses were completely achieved using intramedullary nailing to the knee joints and vascularized fibula graft to the shoulder joint. Pathological joints of the shoulder and elbow that did not undergo joint surgery could not be controlled by spinal surgery. Early diagnosis was important for prevention of trauma or sprains to the weight-bearing joints. MRI of the Charcot joint proved useful in confirming the pathological changes in the early destructive stage, and in determining the extent of surgical removal of it for arthrodesis.

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Fihman, V., D. Hannouche, V. Bousson, T. Bardin, F. Lioté, L. Raskine, J. Riahi, M. J. Sanson-Le Pors, and B. Berçot. "Improved diagnosis specificity in bone and joint infections using molecular techniques." Journal of Infection 55, no. 6 (December 2007): 510–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2007.09.001.

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