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1
Kovshar, Anatoliy. "The zoological yearbook Selevinia: an overview." Theriologia Ukrainica 2020, no. 19 (August 27, 2020): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tu1918.
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Since 1993, the first zoological journal Selevinia has been launched in Almaty. Selevinia publishes articles in various branches of zoology, including taxonomy, fauna, parasitology, and many others. The articles published in the journal contain information on the fauna of Kazakhstan and neighbouring countries. Articles on the fauna, as well as on ecology and animal behaviour predominate. In total, 963 scientific works (495 articles, 155 short reports, and 313 notes) were published in the first 20 volumes of the journal (1993–2013), including 132 theriological articles. A bibliographic review of theriological articles is given, in particular about the composition of fauna (3) and on several species of different systematic groups, e.g. rodents and bats (5), ungulates (5), and carnivorans (16). Among the latter, articles on representatives of the family Felidae predominate, such as on the Turkestan lynx (Lynx lynx isabellinus), the caracal (Lynx caracal), the African wildcat (Felis lybica), the snow leopard (Uncia uncia), and the leopard (Panthera pardus). All issues of the journal are freely available online. According to the interlibrary exchange, the journal reaches 63 libraries in 35 countries. Some articles are published in English, the rest having English summary that facilitates access by foreign readers to scientific articles published in the journal. Selevinia issues for 2012-2019 are posted electronically with full access to texts on several websites, including the websites of the Institute of Zoology of Kazakhstan, the Central Scientific Library of the Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan, and the Kazakhstan Association for Biodiversity Conservation.
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Woolston, Chris. "Psychology journal bans P values." Nature 519, no. 7541 (February 26, 2015): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/519009f.
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Mikula, Peter. "Fish and amphibians as bat predators." European Journal of Ecology 1, no. 1 (December 22, 2015): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eje-2015-0010.
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AbstractAlthough bats (Chiroptera) belong to the most diverse mammalian orders, study of diversity of their natural predators has been seriously neglected for a long time. While some recent reviews contain comprehensive overviews of our recent knowledge on these phenomena for some animal groups, such work is still lacking for anamniotes - fishes and amphibians. Here, I am summarising bat predation incidences by anamniotes that were published in scientific journals and public web domains. I found out that at least 14 species of fishes and 14 species of frogs were observed as feeding on bats. Moreover, 7 and 16 species of bats were recorded as victims of hunting activity of fishes and frogs, respectively. Majority of localised incidences came from the New World; frog (between latitude 49°N to 28°S) attacks were distributed mainly in tropical or subtropical areas < 30° from equator (70% of all records), fish (44°N to 20°S) incidences reach same proportion in colder areas (> 30° from equator) and warmer areas. In some cases, these predators can regularly feed on bats, especially when hunting near roosting places of bats; however, with respect to number of recorded cases (21 for fishes and 37 for amphibians), bat predation by anamniotes seems to be very rare and opportunistic with only very limited influence on bat populations or their behaviour.
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Dagg, Anne Innis. "Research publications on Canadian mammals, 1971–1986." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 779–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-113.
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A survey was made of the 1124 research papers dealing with wild mammals living in Canada published in 11 relevant biological journals from 1971 to 1986. This study extends an earlier survey carried out by the author for the years 1931–1970. Canadian journals in general, and the Canadian Journal of Zoology in particular, published most of the research papers, which are far more numerous than they were in the earlier period. Research papers are increasingly written by two or more authors, and there seems to be a different pattern of publishing for women than for men. Most research was done by university personnel, who came from 35 Canadian (and a number of American) universities. Field studies in general were more numerous in the more densely populated provinces, although more studies were carried out in the Northwest Territories than in any other jurisdiction. The Canadian Federal Government financed most research projects, followed by Provincial and Territorial governments, and Canadian universities. However, well over 50 different groups or institutions funded at least a few studies each. The most studied subjects were behavior, anatomy and physiology, populations, and ecology and habitat. The most studied species were small mammals, large carnivores, seals that are hunted, and big game species. The mammals studied least were insectivores, bats, lagomorphs, and whales.
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Asra, Ridho, Festires Kurnia Harefa, Zulharmita Zulharmita, and Nessa Nessa. "PENETAPAN KADAR LOGAM KALSIUM DAN BESI PADA DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera Lam) DENGAN SPEKTROFOTOMETER SERAPAN ATOM." Journal of Pharmaceutical And Sciences 1, no. 1 (February 13, 2019): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v1i1.5.
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Telah dilakukan penetapan kadar logam kalsium dan besi pada sampel daun kelor yang diperoleh dari daerah Purus, Kecamatan Padang Barat. Dalam penelitian ini proses destruksi yang digunakan adalah destruksi basah. Hasil dari destruksi ini selanjutnya diukur dengan spektrofotometer serapan atom menggunakan lampu katoda berongga Ca dan Fe sebagai sumber cahaya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan garis regresi linier dari larutan standar kalsium dengan persamaan y = 0,03818 + 0,17036x, dengan r = 0,9997, sedangkan untuk larutan standar besi didapatkan y = 0,03831 + 0,064275x, dengan r = 0,9986. Nilai batas deteksi (BD) dan batas kuantitasi (BK) dari kalsium yaitu 0,0678 mg/kg dan 0,2261 mg/kg, sedangkan nilai batas deteksi (BD) dan batas kuantitasi (BK) dari besi yaitu 0,5790 mg/kg dan 1,9292 mg/kg. Dari persamaan garis regresi linier tersebut diperoleh kadar kalsium dalam daun kelor dengan tiga kali pengulangan yaitu 1277,986 mg/kg, 1269,178 mg/kg, 1229,063 mg/kg sehingga rata-rata kandungan kalsium dalam daun kelor yaitu 1258,742 mg/kg. Sedangkan, hasil dari penetapan kadar besi dalam daun kelor dengan tiga kali pengulangan yaitu 210,509 mg/kg, 198,985 mg/kg, 206,117 mg/kg sehingga rata-rata kandungan besi dalam daun kelor yaitu 205,204 mg/kg
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Rahman, Md Mahfuzar, Farnaz Mehrin, and Fahim Ahmed. "Emergence of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD): Key Facts." Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal 6, no. 1 (September 14, 2015): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v6i1.24983.
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The modern emerging infection Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is of global threat originates from Africa region. This is zoonotic and identified as human diseases or previously called Ebola hemorrhagic fever which is a highly fatal human illness where case fatality rate is found up to 90%. The virus transmission begins from wild animals to human and then spreads within population through human to human. Fruit bats are found as natural host of Ebola virus. There is no specific treatment or vaccine available in the market so far, intensive supportive care is needed for severely ill patients. This paper highlights background information, problem statement, viral characteristics, mode of transmission, signs and symptoms, prevention & vaccination. It also indicates possible actions towards prevention of transmission & personal protection.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 6, No. 1: January 2015, Pages 35-37
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Castillo-Figueroa, Dennis. "Why bats matters: A critical assessment of Bat-Mediated Ecological Processes in the Neotropics." European Journal of Ecology 6, no. 1 (August 19, 2020): 77–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/eurojecol.v6i1.13824.
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New World bats play a significant role in ecosystem functioning and are imperative for maintaining environmental services. Nevertheless, human-caused environmental changes are jeopardizing bat communities, which results in the loss of functional roles provided by them. It is important, therefore, to assess ecological processes performed by bats in the Neotropics to define priorities in further research for better conservation planning. In this systematic review, I identify general trends, advances, bias, and knowledge gaps in bat-mediated ecological processes across Neotropical ecosystems. I conducted an extensive search on Google scholar, Scopus, Web of science, and Bat Eco–Interactions Database resulting in 538 references, of which 185 papers were included in the review. The papers were published in 76 peer-reviewed journals, with the highest peak between 2006-2010. From the six biomes recorded, Moist broadleaf tropical forest was the most researched, contrary to Montane biomes (<2000 m), where few studies have been conducted. Seed dispersal was the process with more studies (44%), followed by pollination (38%), nutrient cycling (10%) and arthropod suppression (8%). Seed dispersal and pollination displayed large bias on specific bat-plant systems and ecoregions, thus being important to explore other bat and plant species as well as other ecosystems. Arthropod suppression and nutrient cycling were largely overlooked despite to constitute essential functions in ecosystem resilience; particularly, more research is needed to know cascading effects on plant fitness in different agroforestry systems, but also is key the understanding of how bats can be pivotal mobile links in terrestrial ecosystems and cave environments. I highlight the importance to consider bats with multiple roles and functional trait-based approach to gain a comprehensive understanding of their functionality. Bat extirpations are likely to affect their ecological roles, therefore, mitigating major threats of bats are urgently needed to sustain ecosystem integrity in the Neotropics. Even though functional studies have increased in the last two decades, several aspects of bat roles are still obscured and is necessary to keep evaluating their ecological and economic importance to provide useful information for major decision-makings in Neotropical ecosystems' conservation.
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Abedini, Masoud, Ebrahim Akhlaghi, Javad Mehrmashhadi, Mohamed H. Mussa, Mohammad Ansari, and Tohid Momeni. "Evaluation of Concrete Structures Reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Polymers Bars: A Review." Journal of Asian Scientific Research 7, no. 5 (2017): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.2.2017.75.165.175.
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Fauziah, Fauziah, Adyani Maulinda, and Azmalina Adriani. "ANALISIS CEMARAN LOGAM BERAT TIMBAL (Pb) PADA LIPSTIK YANG DIJUAL DI KOTA BANDA ACEH SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM." Journal of Pharmaceutical And Sciences 3, no. 2 (November 11, 2020): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v3i2.47.
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Salah satu sediaan kosmetika yang telah menjadi kosmetika utama bagi para wanita adalah lipstik. Lipstik yang digunakan harus terbebas dari cemaran terutama cemaran logam berat seperti timbal (Pb). Persyaratan kandungan cemaran logam berat timbal (Pb) dalam kosmetik menurut BPOM RI Nomor Hk.03.1.23.07.11.6662 Tahun 2011, tidak melebihi nilai ambang batas sebesar 20 mg/kg atau 20 ppm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi logam berat timbal (Pb) dalam sediaan lipstik yang beredar di Kota Banda Aceh secara spektrofotometri serapan atom. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu sampel lipstik yang dijual dikota Banda Aceh, pengambilan sampel lipstik dilakukan dengan metode random sampling, sebanyak lima sampel lipstik. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kadar timbal bertutut-turut pada sampel kode sampel 1 yaitu 6,83 mg/kg, sampel 2 yaitu 0,12 mg/kg, sampel 3 yaitu 0,72 mg/kg, sampel 4 yaitu 2,99 mg/kg dan sampel 5 yaitu 1,2 mg/kg. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari lima sampel lipstik keseluruhannya memenuhi persyaratan, nilai ambang batas cemaran logam berat timbal (Pb) dalam sampel masih dibawah 20 mg/kg atau 20 ppm.
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Mayor, Susan. "Surgery journal bans authors who hide conflicts of interest." BMJ 332, no. 7534 (January 19, 2006): 135.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.332.7534.135-a.
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Kleinberg, Jay, and Susan Castillo. "A Note from the Editor." Journal of American Studies 39, no. 3 (December 2005): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875805000654.
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While it is not the practise of the Journal of American Studies to have editorials, this issue marks an exception. We celebrate the 50th anniversary of the founding of the British Association for American Studies (BAAS), the academic organization which sponsors the Journal, and whose members receive the Journal as one of the benefits of membership. Most practitioners of American studies in the United Kingdom belong to the BAAS, giving it a truly interdisciplinary membership united by interest in the United States as a site of academic study. Members are drawn principally from the ranks of historians, litterateurs, political scientists and analysts of popular culture, along with some geographers, sociologists and economists. Its annual conference draws participants from many nations and at all levels of the academic hierarchy.
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Olumuyiwa, Adekoyeni Oludare, and Abdulhamid Ellawule. "Feasibility and Economic Analysis of Bread Production in Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria." Agriculture and Food Sciences Research 7, no. 2 (July 30, 2020): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.512.2020.72.125.130.
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The feasibility and economic analysis of bread production for a modern cottage bread production business in Gashua, Yobe State was analysed. This assessment involved analysis of the project to determine the viability, cost, and benefits associated with a bakery project before financial resources are allocated. The capital investment for the bakery establishment was estimated at ₦10,316,303.00 with maximum capacity to utilise 10 bags of flour (50 kg) per day. The production capacity is to increase at 50, 60, 75, 85 and 90 mi efficiency for five years respectively. The cost of production ranged between ₦30,776,550 to 45,059,946.85 while the profit after tax ranged from ₦12,783,071 to 18,878,298.79 for five years. The non current asset schedule annual depreciation was estimated at #655,000. The cash flow and breakeven point were at ₦41,395,161 and 27,705 respectively. Bakery business in Gashua is worthwhile for entrepreneur as profit making venture.
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Bass, Frank M. "The Future of Research in Marketing: Marketing Science." Journal of Marketing Research 30, no. 1 (February 1993): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224379303000101.
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This February 1993 issue begins the 30th Anniversary volume of the Journal of Marketing Research. The academic marketing discipline, as reflected in the articles published in JMR, has certainly changed dramatically over this time period. To reflect on these changes and generate discussion about the future directions for marketing research, I have asked several marketing scholars to prepare guest editorials. It is fitting that Frank Bass write the first of these guest editorials. Professor Bass is a former editor of the JMR and a recipient of the William O'Dell Award for the best paper published in JMR, the Paul D. Converse Award for outstanding contributions to marketing science and theory, and the Richard D. Irwin/American Marketing Association Distinguished Marketing Educator Award. In addition to his research published in the leading marketing and management science journals. Professor Bass has made significant contributions through his former doctoral students who are professors in leading management schools across the world. —Barton A. Weitz, Editor
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Souza, Mayara Andrade, Acácia Rodrigues Calheiros, Kallianna Dantas Araujo, Danúbia Lins Gomes, Elba dos Santos Lira, and Élida Monique da Costa Santos. "Composição química e taxa de decomposição foliar de Byrsonima gardneriana A. Juss." Diversitas Journal 4, no. 2 (June 2, 2019): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/diversitas-journal-v4i2.750.
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A serapilheira é uma das principais fontes de nutrientes para o solo, pois a manutenção dos ecossistemas florestais ocorre através do processo de ciclagem dos nutrientes que estão presentes no material foliar. A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a taxa de decomposição de Byrsonima gardneriana, correlacionando com as condições edafoclimáticas e composição química. Para avaliação da taxa de decomposição utilizou-se folhas acondicionadas em litter bags distribuídos na superfície do solo durante o período de abril/2012 a fevereiro/2013. Mensalmente foram coletados os litter bags e realizado triagem, limpeza e pesagem do material para quantificação do material remanescente. Mensalmente também foram mensurados a precipitação pluviométrica, contéudo de água e temperatura do solo. O material foliar foi transportado para laboratório e feitas as determinações dos teores de Nitrogênio, Carbono, Lignina, Celulose, Hemicelulose e as relações C:N e N:Lig. Diante dos resultados concluiu-se que as folhas de B. gardneriana apresentam altos teores de lignina, celulose, hemicelulose e alta relação C:N demonstrando a resistência desse material para se decompor; e que a maior velocidade de decomposição ocorre no período chuvoso.
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Méndez-Muñiz, Elaine Mariana, Michael Jowers, Samer Angelone, and Luis Manuel Guevara-Chumacero. "Ethological studies of native Mexican mammals: A review." Therya 12, no. 3 (September 19, 2021): 583–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12933/therya-21-1114.
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The number of ethological studies based on Mexican mammals have increased in recent years compared to those from other Latin American countries. This study conducts an analytical review of the literature on ethological studies of native Mexican mammals. Specialized publications and electronic bibliographic databases were thoroughly searched to identify ethological studies of Mexican mammals published in scientific journals between 1900 and 2018. Information on the collection locality, state, first author nationality, country of origin of the journal, and taxa studied were recorded for each article. The articles were then classified into the 12 major ethological fields, and their data were grouped and summarized in five-year periods, and a map showing the geographic distribution of the studied localities was built using QGIS. A total of 160 studies were identified; three distinct periods could be recognized: the first (1900 to 1953) with a lack of publications, the second (1954 to1995) with low production (n = 16), and the third (1996 to 2018) with a notable increase in published articles (n = 144); in general, there was a greater participation of Mexican authors (67.5 %). Most studies (> 70 %) focused on primates, rodents, bats, and carnivores. Veracruz is the entity with the most articles, while foraging, movement, nesting, rearing, and territorial behavior were the subjects most studied, followed by social behavior, cooperation, and kinship. The greater number of studies published in the past two decades is likely the result of an increased number of mammologists and their engagement in national and international collaborative partnerships, mainly in areas such as ecology and taxonomy. Despite a relatively recent development of the field in Mexico, an absence of studies on half of all terrestrial mammals orders, and few studies throughout northern parts of the country, mammalian ethology in Mexico has already made significant contributions and is highly likely to continue its development and consolidation.
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Choi, Jae-Hwang, and Yong-Jae Park. "Economic Value Analysis of Document Delivery Services at Foreign Journal Supporting Center by the Parameter Estimates of Bass Diffusion Model." Journal of the Korean Society for information Management 25, no. 1 (March 30, 2008): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3743/kosim.2008.25.1.061.
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Irving, Damien. "A Minimum Standard for Publishing Computational Results in the Weather and Climate Sciences." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 97, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 1149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-15-00010.1.
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Abstract Weather and climate science has undergone a computational revolution in recent decades, to the point where all modern research relies heavily on software and code. Despite this profound change in the research methods employed by weather and climate scientists, the reporting of computational results has changed very little in relevant academic journals. This lag has led to something of a reproducibility crisis, whereby it is impossible to replicate and verify most of today’s published computational results. While it is tempting to simply decry the slow response of journals and funding agencies in the face of this crisis, there are very few examples of reproducible weather and climate research upon which to base new communication standards. In an attempt to address this deficiency, this essay describes a procedure for reporting computational results that was employed in a recent Journal of Climate paper. The procedure was developed to be consistent with recommended computational best practices and seeks to minimize the time burden on authors, which has been identified as the most important barrier to publishing code. It should provide a starting point for weather and climate scientists looking to publish reproducible research, and it is proposed that journals could adopt the procedure as a minimum standard.
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Kwiecinski, G. G., D. A. Damassa, and A. W. Gustafson. "Patterns of plasma sex hormone-binding globulin, thyroxine and thyroxine-binding globulin in relation to reproductive state and hibernation in female little brown bats." Journal of Endocrinology 128, no. 1 (January 1991): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1280063.
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ABSTRACT A sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), which bound both oestradiol and dihydrotestosterone, was studied in the plasma of adult female little brown bats throughout the annual reproductive cycle. This protein was present at low baseline levels from September to May inclusive, months which correspond to the periods of hibernation, ovulation and early pregnancy. During the second half of pregnancy in June, SHBG levels increased 15- to 30-fold and remained increased throughout lactation and anoestrus/pro-oestrus (July–August). Although SHBG was increased during late pregnancy, the fact that levels were also high during and after lactation indicates that this protein is not specific to pregnancy. Plasma concentrations of thyroxine (T4) and the percentage binding of T4 to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) also showed marked seasonal variations, with T4 levels exhibiting a biphasic seasonal pattern. A major peak in plasma concentrations of T4 occurred around the time of spring arousal from hibernation and subsequent ovulation, while a second peak of lesser magnitude was measured in August, corresponding to the time of pro-oestrus and the onset of mating. The percentage binding of T4 by TBG was increased during the summer months in parallel with the increase in SHBG concentrations. Electrophoretic analysis of plasma T4 binding revealed a single peak of TBG activity throughout most of the year; however, during the early lactational period TBG was resolved as a double peak, suggesting the presence of a molecular variant during this reproductive stage. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 128, 63–70
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Henry, John F. "John Bates Clark's Transformation." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 16, no. 1 (1994): 106–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200001449.
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The standard view on John Bates Clark is that his The Philosophy of Wealth (hereafter Philosophy) written in 1886, was simply a reproduction of articles originally appearing in The New Englander (hereafter TNE), the journal that eventually evolved into The Yale Review. This view also holds that Philosophy represents Clark's so-called (Christian) socialist period that he abandoned sometime after 1886, and that he then began the process of development that resulted in his marginal productivity theory of distribution and a more generally conservative or precapitalist position.
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Dancer, S. J., and N. A. Simmons. "Erratum to “MRSA behind bars? [Journal of Hospital Infection 2006;62:261–263]”." Journal of Hospital Infection 63, no. 1 (May 2006): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2006.03.001.
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Fillon, Michel, Jean-Claude Bligoud, and Jean Freˆne. "Experimental Study of Tilting-Pad Journal Bearings—Comparison With Theoretical Thermoelastohydrodynamic Results." Journal of Tribology 114, no. 3 (July 1, 1992): 579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2920920.
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Operating characteristics of four-shoe tilting-pad journal bearings of 100 mm diameter and 70 mm length are determined on an experimental device. The load, between pad configuration, varies from 0 to 10,000 N and the rotational speed is up to 4000 rpm. Forty thermocouples are used in order to measure bearing element temperatures (babbitt, shaft, housing and oil baths). The influence of operating conditions and preload ratio on bearing performances are studied. Comparison between theoretical and experimental results is presented. The theoretical model is also performed on a large tilting-pad journal bearing which was investigated experimentally by other authors.
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Mayernik, Matthew S., Sarah Callaghan, Roland Leigh, Jonathan Tedds, and Steven Worley. "Peer Review of Datasets: When, Why, and How." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96, no. 2 (February 1, 2015): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-13-00083.1.
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Abstract Peer review holds a central place within the scientific communication system. Traditionally, research quality has been assessed by peer review of journal articles, conference proceedings, and books. There is strong support for the peer review process within the academic community, with scholars contributing peer reviews with little formal reward. Reviewing is seen as a contribution to the community as well as an opportunity to polish and refine understanding of the cutting edge of research. This paper discusses the applicability of the peer review process for assessing and ensuring the quality of datasets. Establishing the quality of datasets is a multifaceted task that encompasses many automated and manual processes. Adding research data into the publication and peer review queues will increase the stress on the scientific publishing system, but if done with forethought will also increase the trustworthiness and value of individual datasets, strengthen the findings based on cited datasets, and increase the transparency and traceability of data and publications. This paper discusses issues related to data peer review—in particular, the peer review processes, needs, and challenges related to the following scenarios: 1) data analyzed in traditional scientific articles, 2) data articles published in traditional scientific journals, 3) data submitted to open access data repositories, and 4) datasets published via articles in data journals.
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Finn, John C., Richard Peet, Sharlene Mollett, and John Lauermann. "Reclaiming value from academic labor: commentary by the Editors of Human Geography." Fennia - International Journal of Geography 195, no. 2 (December 15, 2017): 182–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11143/fennia.66683.
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There have long been discussions about the need for an alternative publishing model for academic research. This has been made clear by the September 2017 scandal involving Third World Quarterly. The editor’s deeply problematic decision to publish an essay arguing in favor of colonialism was likely meant as click-bate to drive clicks and citations. But we should not lose sight of the fact that this latest scandal is only one recent manifestation of a long-simmering problem that has periodically commanded significant attention in the academic literature, blogs, email lists, conference sessions, and the popular press. As a direct result, over the last decade or more, new journals have been created that specifically endeavor to offer routes around corporate/capitalist academic publishing, and several existing journals have removed themselves from this profit-driven ecosystem. In this commentary, the editorial team of the journal Human Geography weighs in on what we see as the nature of the problem, what we are doing in response, what our successes have been, and what challenges remain.
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Matthews, G. V. T. "Navigation in Animals." Journal of Navigation 50, no. 3 (September 1997): 448–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037346330001907x.
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This paper was first published in the Journal in 1969 (Vol. 22, p. 118). It is followed by comments from John Kemp.The last twenty-one years have seen some very striking advances in our knowledge of how animals can determine their location. In many cases we have learned that they have available a wider range of stimuli than ourselves for recognizing landmarks and for pilotage within their home area. Thus the associated senses of smell and taste are extraordinarily well developed in some species. The ability of the males of certain moths to detect the scent emitted by females at very considerable distances had long been known. More recently the extreme sensitivity, and selectivity, of fish to waterborne odours has led to an understanding of how they locate their home waters. As but one example, eels have shown reactions to concentrations of chemicals as low as 3 × 10−18, equivalent to but two or three molecules within the fish's olfactory sac. In other cases animals have developed sensitivities of which we have little or no conception. Ecolocation is employed by certain birds, by many marine animals and reaches a peak of efficiency in the case of bats. Not only do the latter detect sounds of much higher frequency than ourselves, they also respond to echoes of sounds they emitted but 0·001 seconds earlier. We have little appreciation of the sensations produced by the pressure-receptors in the lateral-line organs of fish.
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Delgado, Miguel, Daniel Sánchez, and María-Amparo Vila. "International journal of intelligent systems: Special issue on “fuzzy bags, cardinality, and quantification”." International Journal of Intelligent Systems 24, no. 6 (June 2009): 569–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/int.20356.
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Todorović, Ljubomir. "History of the Balkan Stomatological Society (BaSS)." Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 18, no. 3 (November 1, 2014): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjdm-2015-0019.
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SUMMARYSome of the main activities of the Balkan Stomatological Society (BaSS) over a rich 19-year history are presented. These activities have been aimed at improving oral health care provided by the dentists throughout the Balkans, and to establish ties of friendship and collaboration between researchers and clinicians in this region, creating a foundation for mutual understanding and peace. To accomplish these goals, the BaSS annually organizes congresses and publishes a scientific journal, beside many other activities, such as public oral health promotion, bringing into accordance study programmes and curricula, supporting student exchange programmes, etc.
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Watt, F. M. "On science publishing in general and JCS in particular." Journal of Cell Science 113, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.113.1.1.
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It's not often that you are asked to come up with an article to a strict deadline but with absolutely no constraints as to the content. It's a challenge but also a luxury. Without a moment's hesitation I chose the journal as my topic. After all it is in JCS that I published my first papers; its editorial board was the first editorial board that I joined; and, of course, since I became Editor-in-Chief it has occupied a significant proportion of my waking thoughts. I was a PhD student in the laboratory of one of the Editors of the journal (now retired), and so it seemed natural that my thesis work would be published in JCS (though, come to think of it, no other options were on offer). We worked hard on my first manuscript until we had it in a form that we were satisfied with. I then left the manuscript with my advisor and, a few days later, he told me that the referees were positive and that the paper was now in press. (Oh happy days - now that I'm Editor my papers get rejected from JCS with some regularity.) While this gave me a very positive experience of science publishing in general and of JCS in particular, it did leave me completely unprepared for the more conventional review process. I was quite shocked when, as a postdoc, I submitted my first paper to a non-JCS journal (J. Cell Biol. in fact) and received referees' reports that were a) in writing, b) critical and c) took almost two months to arrive. I also discovered that JCS did not enjoy the same star billing at MIT as in Oxford and, when I rushed to the library to see my precious papers in print, it was some time before I located the journal in a dusty corner of the building. So, as we hurtle into the new Millennium, are my experiences as a PhD student relevant to publishing in JCS today? I believe that the answer is yes, for two reasons. First, because JCS still strives to be very author-friendly and, second, because any journal inevitably reflects the personalities and tastes of its Editors. JCS has always put the author first. Tangible examples of this philosophy are the open and rapid review process (ahem, I know we do slip up occasionally, so no need to interrupt my New Year hangover with any reminders), rapid, high quality publication, lack of page charges, free reprints and free colour. These features of the journal have undoubtedly benefited non-JCS authors, as competitor journals have been forced to adopt some of our policies. We are also unusual in being owned by a non-profit organisation that is committed to returning the (not inconsiderable) profits of the journal to the scientific community, through support for conferences, grants to allow scientists to visit other laboratories, and so on. While being kind to authors isn't controversial (is it?), the issue of journal content certainly is. We all grumble that such and such a journal ‘likes’ one research area and ‘dislikes’ another, and there is no doubt that for any given journal it is easier to publish some types of paper than others (thereby, of course, creating a convenient niche for new journals to fill). Here I would make two points: you can't publish papers that aren't submitted; and it is much easier to edit a journal with a modest number of submissions (JCS pre-1992) than to edit one in which the number of submissions exceeds the page allocation by a factor of greater than four (JCS at the cusp of the Millennium). As the impact factor of JCS has crept upwards, submissions have soared, but there is still a need to attract stronger papers, and so I spend a fair amount of time talking to potential authors and soliciting manuscripts, using any of the inducements at my disposal (sliding scale available on request). Along the way I seem to spend a lot of time over drinks in dingy conference bars, listening to authors' tales of cruel mistreatment at the hands of other journals; sometimes it is a struggle to remember exactly what I promised once I am safely back in my own lab. My tastes in cell biology are famously eclectic, but at some point in the last few years we no longer had space to publish all the scientifically sound papers that were being submitted. We were forced to resort to editorial rejections. This is when an Editor decides that a piece of work should not appear in the journal, even if the referees were to be positive, and therefore that the paper should not be sent out for review. Ouch! It always hurts to have a paper rejected in this way. We bend over backwards to spell out at the front of the journal the type of paper that will be editorially rejected and to explain the reasons for rejection in the decision letter to the author. An author can always appeal, in which case we will almost always send the paper out for review (and sadly the referees almost always tick the ‘too descriptive’, insufficient advance' or ‘insufficient general interest’ box on the report form). Even if space were not a limitation (and it will not be when hard copy journals disappear) there would still be the constant desire to improve the quality of the journal, the crude index of which is the impact factor. It is worth pointing out that the motivation to publish better and better science is largely the Editors' own and has almost nothing to do with the commercial success of the journal. It comes as a surprise to most scientists to discover that a large portfolio of journals with tiny circulations and mediocre content can potentially make as much money as one blockbuster journal; if the authors pay high enough page charges you enter the lucrative world of vanity publishing. Nor does it matter if a journal has a life span of only a few years; its demise is devastating for the scientists who put so much effort into it, but for the publisher it can simply be replaced with another new journal and another new title. Oops, I am beginning to sound cynical (but remember that I am writing this in 1999 and the rays of the new Millennium have yet to warm my soul). If the discrepancy between commercial success and scientific success is one issue that I brood on, the other is the growing ‘professionalisation’of science publishing. ‘Amateur’ editors, such as myself, who combine editing with running a research lab, are not quite an endangered species, but we are probably decreasing in number. We are being replaced by people who have left bench science after a PhD and, often, postdoctoral training and have taken up science publishing as a career. There have always been PhDs involved in different aspects of journal publishing, but I am thinking particularly of the growing numbers who actually determine the scientific content of the journal. At their best professional Editors are unparalleled in the flair that they bring to the job - witness the legendary Miranda Robertson and Benjamin Lewin. At their worst they have the mentality of failed postdocs, their understanding of science frozen at the point where they retired, injured, from the fray. At conferences they will assiduously take notes during the talks by their former colleagues and stare blankly into space when subjects that they are unfamiliar with are presented. They become fashion junkies, unable to decide for themselves what their journal should be publishing this season. The JCS experience of ‘professionalisation’, I hasten to add, has been totally positive (otherwise this bit would have been mysteriously edited out!). By recruiting a staff editor we have been able to take new initiatives we simply didn't have the time or energy for before. Without him ‘Editorials’, ‘In This Issue’ and a constant flow of interesting review articles would never have become reality - and there are plenty of other innovations in the pipeline. I believe in a partnership between the amateurs and the professionals, with the amateurs providing an accountability and a practical perspective that can only come from being active in the lab. No article about science publishing is complete without some pontification on electronic publishing. I'm all for it (electronic publishing, that is) for all the reasons that are rehearsed ad nauseam, but also out of nostalgia for those papers I published when I was a PhD student. Electronic publication can free us from the severe restrictions that are currently imposed on the length of individual articles. Of course it is already possible to publish supplementary material, such as movies and methods, on journal web sites, but what I would like to see is a return to longer reference lists. When I was beavering away on my first JCS paper, I took great trouble to cite all the relevant literature, both recently published and ancient (i.e. more than three years old). These days, so often, in the interests of space we restrict our citations to the newest papers, the papers in the top three journals or, worse, avoid the primary publications altogether and rely on reviews. All too often the Acknowledgements at the end of an article will include a blanket apology to those authors whose work could not be cited owing to lack of space. It would be doing science a great service if we could, once more, enjoy the luxury and the responsibility of placing our own work both in the context of the papers that preceded it and in a wider context than our own narrow research area. So, happy Millennium - and thank you to all the unsung heroes of JCS: the authors, referees, Editors and board members and all the staff who miraculously turn the constant deluge of accepted papers into a rather fine journal.
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Chenoweth, M., J. M. Vaquero, R. García-Herrera, and D. Wheeler. "A Pioneer in Tropical Meteorology: William Sharpe's Barbados Weather Journal, April–August 1680." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 88, no. 12 (December 2007): 1957–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-88-12-1957.
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McLeod, Alister A., Matthew P. Stephens, and Douglas L. McWilliams. "Empirical Modeling of Lean Adoption in Small to Medium Size Manufacturers." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 15, no. 04 (September 22, 2016): 173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021968671650013x.
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The practice of lean production has been documented in detail by production and operations management specialists world-wide [B. B. Flynn, S. Sakakibara, R. G. Schroeder, K. A. Bates and E. J. Flynn, Empirical research methods in operations management, Journal of Operations Management 9(2) (1990) 250–284]. Theoretically, on the other hand, there has been little research that define and quantify what it means to be a lean manufacturer. A typological definition of what it means to be lean has in part been resolved by a model initially developed by Shah and Ward [Defining and developing measures of lean production, Journal of Operations Management 25(4) (2007) 785–805]. This definition was used to determine the underlying concepts of lean production in small to medium size manufacturers (SMMs). While most of the factors found in the Shah and Ward [Defining and developing measures of lean production, Journal of Operations Management 25(4) (2007) 785–805] study remained valid, the model developed for SMMs displayed some new factors.
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Jeffery, Bill, and Chihiro Nishikawa. "Underwater Cultural Heritage in Asia Pacific: Introduction." International Journal of Asia Pacific Studies 17, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/ijaps2021.17.2.1.
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This 2021 themed issue of the International Journal of Asia Pacific Studies explores a diverse heritage of humanity found throughout the Asia-Pacific region – its “Underwater Cultural Heritage” (UCH). The study of UCH dates from the 1960s through the pioneering effort of Dr. George Bass and his work in the Mediterranean. Sadly Dr. Bass passed away in March 2021, but his legacy lives on in all of us who work in this field and in the community who benefit from the knowledge that he inspired to be revealed.
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Amy, K., and D. Svecova. "Strengthening of dapped timber beams using glass fibre reinforced polymer bars." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 31, no. 6 (December 1, 2004): 943–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l04-063.
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An economical rehabilitation scheme to strengthen creosote-treated dapped timber stringers in both flexure and shear is proposed. An experimental program was conducted to test stringers under monotonic load in three-point bending load configuration. Eight control beams with no reinforcement, 12 reinforced for flexure only, and 6 reinforced for flexure and shear were tested. Glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) dowel bars were placed at an angle of 60° from the horizontal to reinforce for shear and to bridge the dapped end. Test results from previous studies by Gentile et al. (C. Gentile, D. Svecova, and S.H. Rizkalla. ASCE Journal of Composites for Construction, 6(1): 11–20, 2002.) and Svecova and Eden (D. Svecova and R.J. Eden. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 31: 45–55, 2004) are combined with the results of this investigation for a total sample size of 54 beams. Large sample sizes are essential to study the performance of timber beams strengthened using GFRP bars in various schemes. An overall increase of 70% in the 10th percentile ultimate strength was obtained for stringers reinforced for both flexure and shear. Ductility was increased with the addition of the GFRP reinforcement, but the modulus of elasticity appeared to be unaffected.Key words: timber, bridge, glass fibre reinforced polymer, rehabilitation, modulus of rupture, analysis.
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Li, Tim, Lu Wang, Melinda Peng, Bin Wang, Chidong Zhang, William Lau, and Hung-Chi Kuo. "A Paper on the Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillation Published in 1963 in a Chinese Journal." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99, no. 9 (September 2018): 1765–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-17-0216.1.
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AbstractThe Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) identified by Madden and Julian in the early 1970s has been well recognized as the most prominent intraseasonal signal in the tropics. Its discovery and its relationship with other weather phenomena such as tropical cyclones (TCs) are among the most significant advancements in modern meteorology with broad and far-reaching impacts. The original study by Madden and Julian used radiosonde data on Canton Island, and their spectral analysis revealed the signal of a 40–50-day oscillation.It has come to our attention that an earlier study by Xie et al. published in a Chinese journal documented an oscillatory signal of a 45-day period using radiosonde data from several stations between 70° and 125°E in the tropics. The 40–50-day signal found by Xie et al. is strikingly evident without any filtering. Xie et al. identified that occurrences of TCs are correlated with the 40–50-day variation of low-level westerlies at these stations. The original figures in Xie et al.’s article were hand drawn. Their results are verified using data from a longer period of 1958–70. The 40–50-day oscillation in the monsoon westerlies and its relationship with the occurrence of TCs are confirmed and further expanded upon.This study serves the purpose of bringing recognition to the community of the identification of a 40–50-day signal published in Chinese in 1963 and the discovery of the correlation between MJO phases and TC genesis three decades earlier than studies on this subject published outside China.
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Cho, Yonghee, and Tugrul Daim. "OLED TV technology forecasting using technology mining and the Fisher-Pry diffusion model." Foresight 18, no. 2 (April 11, 2016): 117–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-08-2015-0043.
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Purpose Due to rapid technological evolution driven by display manufacturers, the television (TV) market of flat panel displays has been fast growing with the advancement of digital technologies in broadcasting service. Recently, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) successfully penetrated into the large-size TV market, catching up with light-emitting diode (LED)-liquid-crystal display (LCD). This paper aims to investigate the market penetration of OLED technologies by determining their technology adoption rates based on a diffusion model. Design/methodology/approach Through the rapid evolution of information and communication technology, as well as a flood of data from diverse sources such as research awards, journals, patents, business press, newspaper and Internet social media, data mining, text mining, tech mining and database tomography have become practical techniques for assisting the forecaster to identify early signs of technological change. The information extracted from a variety of sources can be used in a technology diffusion model, such as Fisher-Pry where emerging technologies supplant older ones. This paper uses a comparison-based prediction method to forecast the adoption and diffusion of next-generation OLED technologies by mining journal and patent databases. Findings In recent years, there has been a drastic reduction of patents related to LCD technologies, which suggests that next-generation OLED technology is penetrating the TV market. A strong industry adoption for OLED has been found. A high level of maturity is expected by 2026. Research limitations/implications For OLED technologies that are closely tied to industrial applications such as electronic display devices, it may be better to use more industry-oriented data mining, such as patents, market data, trade shows, number of companies or startups, etc. The Fisher-Pry model does not address the level of sales for each technology. Therefore, the comparison between the Bass model and the Fisher-Pry model would be useful to investigate the market trends of OLED TVs further. Another step for forecasting could include using industry experts and a Delphi model for forecasting (and further validation). Originality/value Fisher-Pry growth curves for journal publications and patents follow the expected sequence. Specially, journal publications and patents growth curves are close for OLED technologies, indicating a strong industry adoption.
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Wu, Chun-Chieh. "Typhoon Morakot: Key Findings from the Journal TAO for Improving Prediction of Extreme Rains at Landfall." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 94, no. 2 (February 1, 2013): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-11-00155.1.
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Joadder, Md Abdur Razzaq. "Seasonal Occurence of Food and Feeding Habit of Labeo bata(Hamilton) (Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae)." Journal of Science Foundation 12, no. 1 (May 25, 2015): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v12i1.23458.
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Food and feeding habits of fishes have a great significance in aquaculture practices. It helps to select such species of fishes for culture which will utilize all the available potential food of the water bodies without much competition with one another but will live in association with other fishes. This paper deals with the feeding intensity and food habits of L. bata . Food and feeding habit of freshwater minor carp Labeo bata (120 to 250 mm total length) were studied. The fish is a herbivore, feeding mainly on algae (22.32 %), higher plant parts (31.26 %), protozoans (7.42 %), crustaceans (15.33 %), insects (3.56 %), muds, sand, debris and detritus (16.32 %) and unidentified food materials (3.99%).Journal of Science Foundation, 2014;12(1):7-15
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Howard, Erica. "Bans on the Wearing of Religious Symbols in British Schools: A Violation of the Right to Non-Discrimination?" Religion & Human Rights 6, no. 2 (2011): 127–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187103211x576071.
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AbstractBans on the wearing of religious symbols in education have been said to violate the right to freedom of religion and/or anti-discrimination legislation. This article builds on an earlier article published in this journal which examined whether bans constitute a violation of the fundamental human right to freedom of religion. It analyses such bans as a breach of anti-discrimination measures by looking at cases of the European Court of Human Rights and the British courts. This analysis leads to the conclusion that a claim based on anti-discrimination law is not likely to be more successful in court than a claim based on freedom of religion because similar issues are taken into account in both decisions.
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Babor, Thomas F. "How should we define, document, and prevent conflicts of interest in alcohol research?" International Journal of Alcohol and Drug Research 5, no. 1 (July 13, 2016): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v5i1.232.
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Babor, T. (2016). How should we define, document, and prevent conflicts of interest in alcohol research?. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 5(1), 5-7. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v5i1.232Aims: Conflicts of interest (COIs) in science and medicine have come under increasing scrutiny in recent years. This article reviews definitions of COI, as well as measures used to document, prevent, and manage COIs.Findings: The positive association between COIs and the outcomes of research has been documented in a substantial body of research covering a variety of fields, including addiction research. Attempts to address COIs include funding declarations, voluntary bans of receipt of industry funding, and ethical analyses.Conclusions: To protect the scientific integrity of the alcohol field from further influence from commercial and other competing interests, reasonable and consistent reporting procedures are needed at a minimum. Direct funding from major transnational alcohol producers involves major reputational and ethical risks that may require more stringent measures by professional societies, university administrators, and journal editors.
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Bath, Howard. "Out of Home Care in Australia: Looking Back and Looking Ahead." Children Australia 40, no. 4 (October 20, 2015): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2015.39.
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Dr Howard Bath was most recently the Northern Territory Children's Commissioner, first appointed in 2008 and re-appointed in 2012. Trained as a Clinical Psychologist, Howard has studied and worked in both Australia and the USA. He has worked as a youth worker, manager, Agency Director and clinician and was the inaugural Chair of the Child and Family Welfare Association of Australia, the peak body for service providers representing all states and territories. Howard has presented widely at conferences and training seminars and has authored numerous research reports and articles on topics including family preservation services, out-of-home care, behaviour management and child protection. Howard joined the Anglicare NT Board in April 2015 and now provides consultancy services through Allambi Care in NSW. He has been a longstanding supporter of the Children Australia journal and his generosity over the years in helping with a range of journal-related tasks, including being a former Editorial Consultant is very much appreciated.
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Steele, Philip. "Air Navigation Systems: Chapter 6. Navigation and the Pioneering Flights: Part I." Journal of Navigation 50, no. 1 (January 1997): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463300023596.
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This paper is the sixth chapter of a series on the history of air navigation systems which have appeared from time to time in the pages of the Journal since 1988. Part II of this chapter will appear in the next issue of the Journal.The author acknowledges the assistance of Bath College of Higher Education and, in particular, Dr Terence Rodgers, The Royal Aeronautical Society, The Royal Air Force Museum, and Philip Saxon of the Royal Air Force Historical Society.
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Ballivy, Gérard, Brahim Benmokrane, and Pierre Claude Aitcin. "Rôle du scellement dans les ancrages actifs scellés dans le rocher." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 23, no. 4 (November 1, 1986): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t86-078.
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The dimensioning of anchor bars grouted in rock takes into account the mechanical properties of the three components steel, grout, and rock. The allowable bond strength at the rock–grout interface recommended by different national codes is generally selected according to the type of rocks and assuming an ordinary cement grout. In the present approach, the influence of the type of grout on the pull-out strength of anchor bars in a sound rock mass with mechanical properties equal or higher than the grout is considered. This experimental study shows that certain cement grouts can develop pull-out strength clearly higher than those obtained with epoxy grouts for example. Key words: rock mass, grouted anchors, cement grouts, epoxy grouts, pull-out test, creep test. [Journal translation]
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Ruhul, M. Amin, Basel F. Abu-Sharkh, and Mamdouh Al-Harthi. "Surface Microstructure Study of Polyethylene Blends for Developing Environmental Degradable Plastic Bags." Journal of Chemical Engineering 27 (July 26, 2013): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v27i1.15847.
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The morphology of the polymer blends retrieved from degradation experiments was investigated by studying the fractured surfaces using Scanning Electron Microscope for investigating the degradability of environmentally degradable plastic bags. We study the influence of adding photodegradable additives to film grade polyethylene under natural weathering conditions in Saudi Arabia. The films were exposed in outdoor environments located in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. Comparison of different additives was determined and the additive PDQ-H shows the highest performance on the basis of degradation rate in the harsh environment of Saudi Arabian desert. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v27i1.15847 Journal of Chemical Engineering, IEB Vol. ChE. 27, No. 1, June 2012: 8-11
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Spitz, J., T. Chouvelon, M. Cardinaud, C. Kostecki, and P. Lorance. "Prey preferences of adult sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax in the northeastern Atlantic: implications for bycatch of common dolphin Delphinus delphis." ICES Journal of Marine Science 70, no. 2 (January 15, 2013): 452–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss200.
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Abstract Spitz, J., Chouvelon, T., Cardinaud, M., Kostecki, C., and Lorance, P. 2013. Prey preferences of adult sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax in the northeastern Atlantic: implications for bycatch of common dolphin Delphinus delphis – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 452–461. In the northeastern Atlantic, adult sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is one of largest fish living on the shelf, and this species has important commercial value. However, pelagic trawl fisheries that target sea bass have negative operational interactions with common dolphins (Delphinus delphis). Our goal was to determine the diet of adult sea bass in the Bay of Biscay from stomach-content and stable-isotope analyses, and explore the dietary overlap between sea bass and common dolphins. We found that sea bass primarily target small pelagic fish, most notably mackerel (Scomber scombrus), scads (Trachurus spp.), anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), and sardine (Sardina pilchardus). These four species also dominated the diets of common dolphins. This overlap in feeding preferences could increase the risk of dolphins being caught by trawl fisheries while feeding among sea bass, and may be an underlying mechanism to explain the high rate of common dolphin bycatch observed in the pelagic trawl fishery for sea bass in the Bay of Biscay. Understanding the foraging ecology and trophic interactions of predator species is an essential step for identifying and resolving management issues in the northeastern Atlantic and other marine ecosystems.
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Gina Anggreni, Ni Made, and I. Made Sarjana. "PEMENUHAN HAK PEKERJA ATAS KELEBIHAN WAKTU KERJA PADA SAYAN POINT RESTAURANT." Kertha Semaya : Journal Ilmu Hukum 8, no. 9 (August 28, 2020): 1332. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ks.2020.v08.i09.p04.
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Tujuan yang penulis ingin capai dalam jurnal ini adalah untuk mengkaji hak yang seharusnya diperoleh oleh pekerja yang melebihi batas waktu kerja dan mengkaji berbagai faktor yang menyebabkan sulitnya pemenuhan hak atas pekerja yang melebihi batas waktu kerja. Penelitian jurnal ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum empiris yakni melakukan pengamatan terhadap suatu peraturan perundang–undangan yang ada terhadap pelaksanaan suatu aturan dalam masyarakat. Hasil penelitian pada Sayan Point Restaurant menunjukkan bahwa beberapa ketentuan terkait pemenuhan hak pekerja atas kelebihan waktu kerja belum terpenuhi penggunaan perintah tertulis, pemberian makan saat lembur. Faktor penghambat terhadap pelaksanaan pembayaran upah lembur yang tidak diberikan serta pemberian makan saat lembur yang lebih dari 3 jam, pemilik restoran dan pekerja kurang mengetahui mengenai adanya pengaturan tersebut.
The purpose of the author want to achieve in this journal is to examine the rights that should be obtained by workers who exceed the work time limit and examine various factors that make it difficult to fulfill the rights to workers who exceed the work time limit. This research journal uses an empirical method that is observing an existing legislation regarding the implementation of a rule in society. The results showed at Sayan Point Restaurant that several provisions related to the fulfillment of workers' rights to excess work time had not yet been met the use of written instructions, feeding on overtime. Obstacles to the implementation of payment of overtime wages that are not given as well as feeding overtime for more than 3 hours, restaurant owners and workers are less aware of the regulation.
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Nyathi, Brian, and Chamunorwa Aloius Togo. "Overview of Legal and Policy Framework Approaches for Plastic Bag Waste Management in African Countries." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2020 (October 31, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8892773.
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Plastic bag waste is a major challenge in several African countries. As a way of reducing the detrimental effects posed by plastic bags, governments have adopted various approaches for plastic bag waste management that include levies, bans and or the combination of the two. Despite the adoption of anti-plastic bag policies in several African countries, there has been limited investigation regarding their effectiveness. Thus, the present paper reviews the effectiveness of legal and policy framework approaches for plastic bag waste management in African countries. This systematic review covers legal and policy framework approaches for plastic bag waste management in African countries since 2004 with a view to find their effectiveness. Data sources included peer-reviewed journal articles, websites, books, reports, and dissertations. The databases from which literature was retrieved included Elsevier, Taylor, Springer, institutional repository, and Google Scholar. The current paper argues that poorly enforced plastic bag legislation, resistance from stakeholders, and limited effective substitutes are major factors hindering effective plastic bag waste management in Africa. A six-step model developed by Patton and Sawicki assisted in evaluating plastic bag policies in varied African nations. The study concluded that the key to effective legislation is hinged on consistent enforcement and educating the public to attain environmental buy-in. African countries should adopt and implement the Patton and Sawicki six-step rationalist model to achieve effective plastic bag legislation. African governments should enlighten consumers about other alternatives that are more specific to African countries, especially bags made of raffia and leaves. The findings are limited in that there may be other relevant articles (beyond published articles) about policy and legal approaches for plastic bag waste management, which are not available in the public domain. Therefore, data reviewed may not be exhaustible.
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Jan, Rafi A., and Arif Rehman Sheikh. "Another coronavirus, Another challenge." JMS SKIMS 23, no. 1 (March 13, 2020): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.33883/jms.v23i1.735.
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The world is yet again challenged by the outbreak of a new coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2; disease caused by this virus, now termed as COVID-19,was first reported in Wuhan City, Hubei Province China in the last week of December 2019. As of march 5, WHO reports a total of 80,430 cases of COVID-19 with 3013 deaths from China. The disease has been now reported in all the continents of the world except Antarctica –around 15,053 cases in 85 countries with 273 deaths. Although many cases have been reported in India, whether it going to touch this part of the country too, only time will tell. It is very likely that by the time this editorial goes in print, the numbers would have changed significantly. It is because of this developing outbreak situation that has engulfed the entire world and has the potential to turn into a pandemic, I decided to focus on this new disease than to comment on one of the many well written papers in this issue of the journal.
Understanding of this novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is evolving. This virus belongs to a large family of viruses known as coronaviridae family which are enveloped positive stranded RNA viruses causing respiratory and enteric infections affecting both animals and humans. The animal species infected by various coronaviruses include camels, cattle, cats and bats. Although very uncommon, coronaviruses of animal origin can infect humans and then spread from person to person, sometimes with devastating morbidity and mortality as is the case with MERS-CoV. The other two animal coronaviruses infecting people are SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. All these three viruses are betacoronaviruses and have their origin in bats1. Sequences from SARS-CoV-2 generated from patients outside China are similar to the original Chinese isolate suggesting a likely single emergence of SARS-CoV-2 from an animal reservoir. In the coming months we expect to learn more about the evolution and other pathogenetic aspects of the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2
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Pearce, JMS. "John Zachariah Laurence: ‘forgotten luminary’." Advances in Clinical Neuroscience & Rehabilitation 20, no. 1 (December 2020): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47795/fvrv6760.
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John Zachariah Laurence was one of the four medical staff appointed in 1860 to the new “Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic,” at 24 Queen Square, London. A prize-winning graduate of UCH he was known for his high intellect and skills in general surgery and in ophthalmology. After a brief period at Queen Square he left to found the South London Ophthalmic Hospital that became the Royal Eye Hospital, and the “Ophthalmic Review”, the first British journal of ophthalmology; he later served at Barts. Highly accomplished in the arts, literature and research his achievements were sadly neglected by his contemporaries.
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Owaid, Mustafa Nadhim, Sajid SS Al-Saeedi, and Idham Ali Abed. "Mycelial growth observation of Pleurotus eryngii (Higher Basidiomycota) In Vitro." International Journal of Environment 5, no. 3 (September 16, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v5i3.15700.
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Five agro-substrates including date palm fibers (fibrillum), wheat straw, white sawdust and their combinations were investigated to grow Pleurotus eryngii. The longer mycelium complete time within bags was 20 days on sawdust (S4), in contrast, the shorter time for mycelium overgrew was completed after 15 days on date palm fiber (S5). In significant (p<0.05), S5 showed the higher growth intensity level (vigorous growth) than other substrates. Thus use of date palm wastes (S5 medium) may be useful for successfully cultivation king oyster mushroom in farm.International Journal of Environment Vol.5(3) 2016, pp.1-10
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Bacheler, Nathan M., Zeb H. Schobernd, David J. Berrane, Christina M. Schobernd, Warren A. Mitchell, and Nathan R. Geraldi. "When a trap is not a trap: converging entry and exit rates and their effect on trap saturation of black sea bass (Centropristis striata)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 70, no. 4 (May 27, 2013): 873–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst062.
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Abstract Bacheler, N. M., Schobernd, Z. H., Berrane, D. J., Schobernd, C. M., Mitchell, W. A., and Geraldi, N. R. 2013. When a trap is not a trap: converging entry and exit rates and their effect on trap saturation of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 873–882. Catch rates are often used to index the abundance of marine organisms, but catch saturation (i.e. declining catch rate as fishing time increases) can decouple catch and abundance. Researchers have struggled to account for saturation when using trap catch to infer population dynamics. We used the underwater video to document entries and exits of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) from chevron traps (n = 26) to quantify catch saturation. Black sea bass catch varied between 3 and 188 individuals for soak times of ∼90 min. Overall, 3564 black sea bass entered the traps and 1826 exited; therefore, over half (51%) of black sea bass entering traps exited before traps were retrieved. Black sea bass catch rates were non-linear and asymptotic for most (81%) trap samples, despite short soak times. Moreover, catch saturation occurred at 50 min, when the entry rate declined and the exit rate increased to a point where their confidence intervals overlapped. Several lines of evidence suggest that the level of black sea bass catch once saturation occurred may be positively related to true abundance, but additional research is needed to more fully test this hypothesis.
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Rashid, Ridwan Bin, Sharmin Khandker Shampa, Md Al Faruk, Mohiminul Adib, and Mohammad Firoz Khan. "Cytotoxic, Membrane Stabilizing and Anti-diarrheal Activities of Bambusa bambos Linn." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 19, no. 2 (August 12, 2016): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v19i2.29274.
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Bambusa bambos Linn., a herbal medicine belonging to the family Poaceae, is locally known as Kanta bans or only bans. The crude methanolic extract of leaves of B. bambos and its different partitionates were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity, membrane stabilizing and anti-diarrheal activities. In the cytotoxicity screening, the dichloromethane and pet ether soluble fractions displayed the highest lethality to brine shrimps with LC50 of 3.91 and 8.45?g/ml, respectively, whereas the standard vincristine sulphate had LC50 value of 0.45?g/ml. In the membrane stabilizing assay, the crude methanolic extract exhibited highest inhibition of haemolysis of human RBCs by 71.08 ± 0.43% and 49.44 ± 0.73% in heat- and hypotonic solution-induced haemolysis, respectively. The extract exhibited significant (p < 0.05) anti-diarrheal effect at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight in the castor oil induced anti-diarrheal assay.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 19(2): 161-165, 2016
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S, Maharajan. "AN ECOCRITICAL APPROACH TO AMITAV GHOSH’S THE HUNGRY TIDE." Kongunadu Research Journal 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj167.
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The aim of this paper to Projects the impact of ecology in literature Ecocriticism is the interdisciplinary area which includes the study literature and environment. The literary scholar analyzes the text not only for the environmental concerns but also to the treatment of ecology as the subject of nature in literature. The word ecocriticism may have been first used William Rueckart's essay which entitled “Literature and Ecology: An Experiment in Ecocriticism”. The Hungry Tides tells the very present story of the present day adventure, identity, history and love. Ghosh here presents the nature not as the setting of picturesque beauty alone it also aprosis as hungry of human blood. The tide and its surages stand for all the devastating the aspects of nature. Amitav Ghosh's The Hungry Tide set in the Sunder bans, is a sage of Indo-American marine biologist Piya Roy. She has been to the Tide country of sunder bans in Bengal with a view to studying river dolphins.Two characters Fokir, a local fisherman who helps her to locate dolphins in Garijiontda pool and Kanai Dutta, a Delhi- based business man who meets her on his way to visit his aunt Nilima come closer to Priya's heart in course at time. Nirma's human Nirmal once had a mission for helping the displaced refugee who settled on the sunder bans island of Morichjhapi. He has this commitment to work for and help the refugee as he falls in love with a refugee, Kusum, mother of inbant Fokir. The novelist inborns that Kanai visits the 'tide country' together the lost journal written by his dead uncle Nirmal. The journal is an account of the lives of the Morichjhapi Island which is later ruthlessly evicted by military troops which claims the life of Kusum. A sudden cyclone kills Fokir when he is assisting Piya on a journey on waterways. Finally Piya determines to establish a research trust in memory of Fokir and seeks help from Nilima and Kanai to translate her dream into reality.