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1
Yat, Gai Thurbil. "A literature review of the factors impacting on objectivity in news journalism." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/872.
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Objectivity has been the most debatable issue in the history of journalism and there are, therefore, many different ways of looking at it. Media academics such as Gans (1979) and Tuchman (2000) refer to objectivity as an examination of contents of collected news materials. Glasser (1992) points out that objectivity is a balance of beliefs restructured by a journalist and presented against independent thinking. It is difficult to test the objectivity of journalists because it is the credibility of facts gathered by a journalist that lies at the heart of objectivity. In Glasser’s opinion, the “notion” of objectivity is flawed against the newsman’s mandate of reporting responsibly. Objectivity is therefore professional principle through which journalists write news responsibly and present it to their audience as a final product (Glasser, 1992). This study will discuss objectivity also in reference to the problems that journalists face when they cover news stories. It may be that journalists may have problems searching for stories not because they do not embrace journalistic principles of fairness, clarity and objectivity, but because of the way in which facts are presented to them by news sources (Fred and Wellman, 2003). There have been some cases whereby media audiences have wrongly been made to think that journalists are biased in their coverage. 2 For example, the 2003 Iraq invasion by US-led forces, where correspondents were made to practice embedded journalism is a good example of how circumstances could force a journalist to succumb to soldiers’ demands of keeping their war causalities away from their cameras. It is worth noting, however, that being biased for a journalist in such a war situation could be circumstantial in the sense that an American journalist covering a story in Iraqi’s capital, Baghdad, would be regarded as a spy by Iraqi’s troops. Likewise, an Iraqi journalist chasing stories in the coalition force’s camps in Iraqi’s capital would be treated as a traitor by the Iraqi people (Fred and Wellman, 2003:21). There is no doubt that in the situations described above objectivity in journalism can be affected. It is against such background that this study will investigate the factors that affect objectivity in the print media. It is vitally important to bear in mind that bias should not be confused with editorial columns that express the opinion of publishers, or editors for that matter. The question of objectivity goes back to the gatekeepers, whereby the editors as gatekeepers decide what to publish and what news stories reporters should gather. So the question of objectivity in the news can be dealt with by the editors who decide which story should be run by their respective newspapers. According to Fred and Wellman (2003:32), editors and media owners are the decision makers in the field of journalism.
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Schuler, Annabel. "Michael King, journalist : a study of the influence of journalism on King's later writing : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Mass Communication in the University of Canterbury /." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Political Science and Communication, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/913.
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Michael King is an acclaimed writer, author and communicator. When he died in a car accident he was eulogised as one of New Zealand's leading citizens for his literary contribution. He is celebrated as a writer who communicated history in a way that was palatable and comprehensible to all New Zealanders. He is also remembered for his commentary on New Zealand as a bi-cultural society. This thesis debates whether his years as a journalist gave him the skills to write, argue and communicate better. King was not a journalist for long and then he taught journalism, but those years served as a bridge between academia and a life in everyday New Zealand. Good writing and good journalistic writing have been analysed and refined down to basic rules which are then measured against King's work. Drivers to good writing have also been identified and these relate to the emotional and psychological characteristics of a good writer. Anecdotal evidence about King's work as a journalist and then as a writer has been gathered and tested against the rules and drivers. Two key themes have emerged. One that King was born with a natural ability to write and this was fuelled by strong reading and writing habits early in his life. The second is that King worked at being a good journalist, he learned rules and disciplines which improved his writing and these stayed with him throughout his literary career. The issue of objectivity is a moot point for journalists and there is debate about how objective journalists can realistically be. One of the reasons King left daily journalism was because he became frustrated with the constraints of objectivity. The thesis debates how this impacted on his writing and the direction of his later work.
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Geoffroy, William. "Advocacy vs. Objectivity in the Outdoor Press." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292202.
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Langone, Kenny. "Journalistic Objectivity: Is Chasing Rainbows a Worthwhile Endeavor?" Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292227.
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Okeson, Christina Marie. "Reconsidering Definitions of Objectivity: A Case Study for the Modern Newsroom." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292254.
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Sonnemaker, Tyler. "Objectivity and the Role of Journalism in Democratic Societies." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1057.
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In this essay, I argue that the institution of journalism plays a vital role in informing citizens of a deliberative democratic society, and that to effectively fulfill this role, journalists must report the news objectively. I first examine the historical evolution of objectivity as it pertains to journalism. Then, I elaborate on some of the philosophical concepts that provide the foundation for objectivity. Next, I introduce John Rawls’ idea of public reason, which provides an improved understanding of the role of journalism within a democratic society. I claim from this that journalism must re-envision its role as guardian of the public political forum. Finally, I bring these various discussions together by drawing in the requirements that Stephen Ward lays out in his theory of pragmatic objectivity, and argue that these are necessary to help journalism legitimize its authority to safeguard this forum. In doing so, journalism can ensure both that citizens are objectively informed and that the public forum offers them a sphere in which they can effectively participate in the governance of their democracy.
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Xie, Yanmei. "OBJECTIVITY REVISISTED: A STUDY OF THE MAINSTREAM MEDIA’S COVERAGE OF COLIN POWELL’S UN PRESENTATION." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1155334853.
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Gynn, Catherine Meienberg. "Beyond Objectivity and Relativism: A View of Journalism From a Rhetorical Perspective." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1381157195.
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MASSOTE, CAROLINA AGUIAR. "GONZO AND ITS NEW VERSIONS: REFLECTIONS ON OBJECTIVITY IN COMTEMPORARY JOURNALISM." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2013. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=23900@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROO presente trabalho consiste em uma reflexão sobre a objetividade jornalística, ideia tão cara aos profissionais da área, mas que vem, ao longo dos anos, provocando diversos questionamentos. Nosso objeto de estudo é o Gonzo, estilo iniciado nos Estados Unidos na década de 60, após diversas mudanças dentro do paradigma da objetividade, não só dentro do campo do jornalismo, mas em diversas áreas. Será realizada a análise de trabalhos jornalísticos supostamente gonzo, escritos por um jornalista brasileiro, em uma revista publicada atualmente, a fim de compreender melhor como o legado gonzo pode ser relido e reformulado.
This study proposes a reflection on journalistic objectivity, a rather dear concept to the professionals of that field, but which has been triggering several questions over the years. Our object of study is Gonzo journalism, a style started in the United States in the 1960 s after many changes within the paradigm of objectivity, not only in journalism, but also in other fields. The purpose of this study is to analyze supposedly gonzo articles written by a Brazilian journalist in a currently published magazine, in order to understand how the gonzo legacy can be reinterpreted and reshaped.
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McGrail, J. Patrick. "Sensationalism, narrativity and objectivity---modeling ongoing news story practice." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Banning, Brenda. "Faculty attitudes toward the ideas and practices of public journalism." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1221306.
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Painter, Chad E. Wilkins Lee. "Standards of objectivity a comparison between daily and alternative newsweekly papers in three Ohio cities /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6605.
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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 18, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Thesis advisor: Dr. Lee Wilkins. Includes bibliographical references.
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Campbell, Kate. "Against dryness : journalism, James and literature." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358436.
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Lotter, Rene Louise. ""Elixir of youth" or "Cancer potion"? The battle for the purse of the middle-aged woman and the role of the media in reporting themes in medical science." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97628.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The popular media ("Media" here referring to newspapers, magazines. television, internet) adds to confusion and panic when reporting on the risks and benefits of Hormone Replacement Therapy for women (HRT). Most reports show bias, cast scientists as villains, or leave the reader more confused than before about terminology. The Southern African media does in general aspire to objectivity towards both the pharmaceutical and natural health industry. However, shallow or inept reporting, the need to generalise complicated findings and dramatise what's regarded as cold scientific news, create this bias and confusion. Misleading health reporting, in South Africa as much as anywhere else in the world, can change health behaviour and can even cost lives. Ethical health reporting can therefore be described as a matter of life and death. This paper aims to analyse the media for biased, confusing and alarmist reporting. It then aims to explain reasons for the bias or confusion. Fourteen reports are analysed. One Time magazine report, and 13 reports selected from the Southern African media.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Berigte oor Hormoonvervangingsterapie (HVT) vir vroue in die media ("Media") hier verwys na koerante, tydskrifte, televisie, internet) dra by tot verwarring en paniek. Die meerderheid berigte is bevooroordeeld, in die sin dat medici as booswigte uitgebeeld word. Indien hulle nie bevooroordeeld is nie, is berigte verwarrend, soms juis in 'n poging om konsepte te vereenvoudig. Die media in Suider Afrika aspireer wel tot objektiwiteit, teenoor beide die farmaseutiese sowel as die holistiese (kruie) industrie. Nietemin, oppervlakkige/oningeligte verslaggewing en die behoefte om ingewikkelde navorsing te vereenvoudig/interessant te maak, dra by tot vooroordeel en verwarring. Misleidende mediese beriggewing in Suid Afrika, net soos in die res van die wêreld, kan mense hoop om besluite te neem wat hul gesondheid kan skaad. Die belang van etiese verslaggewing kan dus as 'n kwessie van lewe en dood beskryf word. Hierdie studie ontleed berigte en ondersoek vooroordeel, verwarring of sensasionalisering. Redes vir bogenoemde word dan bespreek. Veertien berigte word ontleed. (een berig uit die Amerikaanse tydskrif Time, en 13 uit die Suider Afrikaanse media)
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Xie, Yanmei. "Objectivity revisisted a study of the mainstream media's coverage of Colin Powell's UN presentation /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1155334853.
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Weis, Jan. "Transparency and Objectivity in Contemporary News Journalism : A Meta-study of Ethical Ideals." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Journalistik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45795.
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This theoretical master’s dissertation explores the cleavage between how audiences and journalists perceive transparency and objectivity through the following research questions: “Can transparency be understood independently of objectivity, or can it be included in a model of objectivity?”, “What are the underlying interests with normative concepts like objectivity and transparency, and what drives the process of replacing objectivity with transparency?” and “Can transparency replace objectivity’s dominance as ethical ideal in journalism?”. The questions are studied through a comparative research design of the main concepts transparency and objectivity and by employing a methodology that consists of secondary data analysis of qualitative data and qualitative meta-analysis. The theoretical framework consists of pragmatic objectivity, the process model of journalists’ roles, paradigm building and boundary maintenance and is applied to the secondary empirical material (academic articles). The results show that transparency is compatible with pragmatic objectivity, and I argue that unifying the ethical ideals is a way forward in order to resolve the contestation between the ethical ideals. The results also show that transparency has not reached the status of a normative role in contemporary news journalism. Furthermore, there are indications that transparency in contemporary news journalism has not replaced objectivity’s dominance, as the journalistic community is generally unwilling to give any genuine insight into its methodology. From a boundary maintenance perspective, the results also show that objectivity is in the process of being defended by journalists, as it is a highly practiced and valued ethical ideal in journalistic communities.
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Gilles, Roger Wayne. "Social-elite constructionism: The rhetoric of commercial news." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185811.
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I argue that contemporary journalists paradoxically require a subjectivist epistemology to comply with the standards of what is known as "the ideal of objectivity." Because of this, these writers have lost much of the fact-claiming and meaning-making ability that makes their work so important. In order to understand how knowledge and meaning are constructed in journalism, we need to look past the surface rhetoric of the reporter and uncover the institutional rhetoric that has developed during the course of the 20th century. In this dissertation, I apply the classical rhetorical terms kairos and nomos to the political economy of the news industry and the professional conventions produced by that industry.
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Gabriel, Jay F. "Objectivity and Autonomy in the Newsroom: A Field Approach." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2008. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/1167.
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AnthropologyPh.D.
This dissertation provides a better understanding of how journalists attain their personal and occupational identities. In particular, I examine the origins and meanings of journalistic objectivity as well as the professional autonomy that is specific to journalism. Journalists understand objectivity as a worldview, value, ideal, and impossibility. A central question that remains is why the term objectivity has become highly devalued in journalistic discourse in the past 30 years, a puzzling development considered in light of evidence that "objectivity" remains important in American journalism. I use Bourdieu's notion of field to explore anthropological ways of looking at objectivity, for instance, viewing it as a practice that distinguishes journalists from other professionals as knowledge workers. Applying notions of field to the journalistic field through anthropological methods and perspective permits the linkage of microlevel perspectives to macrolevel social phenomena. The dissertation demonstrates how qualitative research on individuals and newsroom organizations can be connected to the field of journalism in the United States. Additionally, it offers insight into why journalists continue to embrace objectivity, even as they acknowledge its deficiencies as a journalistic goal.
Temple University--Theses
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Senator, Rasmus, and Andreas Westerlind. "Sportjournalister – inte lika bra på att gräva? : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om synen på objektivitetsidealet och kritisk granskning inom sportjournalistiken." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-118838.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the view of the ideal of objectivity in sports journalism and other factors that can effect a journalists terms to their journalistic ethic such as the commercialization, investigative journalism and their relationship to their sources. The purpose is further to investigate if these different factors differ on a national- or local level of sports journalism. For this study we have chosen the method of a qualitative interview, where six sports journalists and two news editors are included. The interviews have been deducted with help of an interview guide, which has been used the same way the journalists that’s been interview. This particular field of journalism studies is yet to be discovered in a bigger scale. Therefore, this study has used a great bit of earlier research and also three different theories to help us in answering the purpose of the study and our question formulation; News management, Media logic and the Swedish exchange-theory. The result of the study shows that there are some differences in how journalists on a national- and a local newspaper view the importance of investigative journalism, relationships with their sources and how they apply the ideal of objectivity in their role as a journalist. The study also shows that commercialization of the sports industry has an impact on sport journalism were several new actors such as public relation-experts and organizations want to effect the media and “sell” their product to the newspapers.
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Wivhammar, Helen, and Jimmie Nilsson. "Objektivitet i politisk journalistik : En studie i mediekommunikation." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-26185.
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Abstract Mona Sahlin's dishwasher decides the election! Maybe. How journalism portraits politics is at least not fully objective with focus on societal matters. There is also a change over time indicating an up-going trend of less objective journalism. Other results of this case study indicates that politicians are more inclined to participate in journalism than before and that politics presented as scandal is increasing. The aim of this study is to investigate objectivity in political journalism over time. Using the quantitative content-analyses the study encoded 600 journalistic articles subjecting politics in the Swedish society. These articles were chosen from Swedish newspapers, Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet, both paper editions only excluding web editions. Theories supporting the study are the framing-theory, the knowledge-theory and other theories describing how objectivity changes over time. Objectivity has been debated in journalism and has founded different perspectives on how professional journalism can be obtained. This has historically changed the practice of journalism and the study assumes from this phenomenon. Citizens are dependent on journalism for information on things that does not belong in their everyday life. Politics is such a subject that needs to be reported on and that's why this study investigates objectivity in political journalism. The result concludes extreme choices of subject in political journalism, where about 50 % of the articles encoded portrayed the everyday chores or statements of politicians. This is indicating an up-going trend of less objective journalism and is supported by other less extreme results of the study.Sammanfattning Mona Sahlins diskmaskin avgör valet! Kanske. Hur journalistik gestaltar politik är i alla fall inte helt sakligt med samhällsfrågor i fokus. Över tid finns dessutom en förändring i den politiska gestaltningen som tyder på en alltmer osaklig journalistik. Vidare indikerar denna fallstudie att politiker blir alltmer benägna att utnyttja plats i journalistiken. Objektivitet är debatterat i journalistiken och har grundlagt olika synsätt på hur bra journalistik ska uppnås. Detta har historiskt förändrat hur journalistik har utförts och studien utgår från och fokuserar på just detta fenomen. För samhällsinformation som inte tillhör invånarnas vardag behövs rapportering i form av journalistik. Politiken är vad som styr samhället och därför blir det viktigt att undersöka rapporteringen av det. Syftet med studien är att undersöka om och i så fall hur objektivitet har förändrats över tid, genom en fallstudie på papperstidningarna Dagens Nyheter och Aftonbladet. Studien utgår från teorier om objektivitet och dess förändring i journalistiken såsom kunskapsteorin och dagordningsteorin. Genom metoden kvantitativ innehållsanalys undersöks sammanlagt 600 artiklar om politik. Resultatet visar på ökande användning av ett visst antal källor, där politiker blir vanligare som källa. Det visar också att det är artiklar om politikers mer praktiska åtaganden och uttalanden som ökar, vilket motsvarade ämnet i runt hälften av alla artiklar i undersökningen.
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Gaibie, Akeela Banu. "Probing the degree of accuracy, bias and fairness in certain daily newspapers in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53020.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Principles and standards in journalism warrant attention and this assignment attempted to offer some ethical concepts as a framework from which to evaluate journalistic conduct. The proposal was to investigate the level of moral integrity in journalism as practiced in daily newspapers using concepts proposed by specialists in the journalistic field such as accuracy, bias, and fairness. The newspapers examined in the research process were the Cape Argus, the Cape Times, Die Burger and Beeld. As a means of probing the dailies, case studies were made of reports on de Allan Boesak, the former anti-apartheid cleric accused and later convicted of theft and fraud, and Hansie Cronje, the former cricket captain of South Africa, who found himself in a similar position regarding money and the trust placed in him. The research comprised a comparative analysis of articles related to dr. Boesak in the period from 4 March 1997 to 27 March 1997, and Hansie Cronje from 8 April 2000 to 24 April 2000. These personalities were used as case studies to establish whether the four dailies differed in their portrayal of these figures as events unfolded in the public arena. The intention was to find out if there were differences in the approach to the topics covered, and if so, if it amounted to bias, inaccuracy and unfairness The results of the study showed that in the final analysis, dr. Boesak primarily enjoyed favourable coverage in the Cape Argus and Cape Times, while Hansie Cronje primarily enjoyed the same in Die Burger and Beeld. While these predispositions were rather obvious, the quality of reportage was not impaired to the extent that one could regard its news as distorted, inferior or of doubtful quality. The papers were still able to perform a high standard of professionalism in giving equal and just coverage to the topics covered, and were adept at providing a successful forum for the exchange of ideas while keeping the public informed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Beginsels en standaarde in die joernalistiek vereis aandag en hierdie werkstuk het probeer om enkele etiese konsepte voor te stel waarvolgens joernalistiese optrede beoordeel kan word. Die doel was om die standaard van morele integriteit in die joernalistiek van streekkoerante te bestudeer deu- middel van gespesialiseerde joernalistiese begrippe, onder meer akkuraatheid, partydigheid en regverdigheid. Die koerante wat deel gevorm het van die ondersoek sluit die Cape Argus, Cape Times, Die Burger en Bee/d in. Die dagblaaie is deur middel van gevallestudies bestudeer. Hierdie het bestaan uit berigte oor dr. Allan Boesak, die voormalige anti-apartheid aktivis wat eerstens aangekla en later skuldig bevind is aan diefstal en bedrog, en oor Hansie Cronje, die voormalige Suid-Afrikaanse krieketkaptein, wat in 'n soortgelyke posisie verkeer het weens beweerde bedrog. Die studie bestaan uit 'n vergelykende ontleding van berigte oor dr. Boesak wat verskyn het in die tydperk tussen 4 Maart 1997 en 27 Maart 1997, asook berigte oor Hansie Cronje wat verskyn het tussen 8 April 2000 en 24 April 2000. Die omstredenheid rondom hierdie persoonlikhede word gebruik as gevallestudies om vas te stel of hierdie spesifieke dagblaaie verskil het in hul uitbeelding van die persone terwyl hierdie gebeure in die openbare arena afgespeel het. Die doel was om vas te stel of daar verskille was in die manier waarop die onderwerpe benader is, en indien wei, of dit tot onjuistheid, partydigheid en onregverdigheid gelei het. Die uitslae van die studie het bewys dat dr. Boesak hoofsaaklik gunstige dekking gekry het in die Cape Argus en Cape Times, terwyl Hansie Cronje grootlik dieselfde behandeling ontvang het in Die Burger en Bee/d. Alhoewel hierdie neigings in die verskillende dagblaaie klaarblyklik was, het dit nie daarop neergekom dat die gehalte van die berigte verlaag is tot so 'n mate dat 'n mens dit as verdraaid, minderwaardig of twyfelagtig kon bestempel nie. Die dagblaaie het nog steeds daarin geslaag om 'n taamlik hoe mate van professionele vaardigheid te vertoon deur middel van egalige en eweredige beriggewing met betrekking tot die aangeleenthede van belang in hierdie studie. Die koerante het bepaald daarin geslaag om In forum vir die uitruiling van idees te verskaf terwyl hulle voortdurend sorg dat hulle die publiek inlig.
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Rausch, Juliana Adele. "The New Journalism as Avant-Garde Art." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/443068.
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EnglishPh.D.
Can journalism be avant-garde? This question arises from the body of work produced by the New Journalists, whose leading figures include Truman Capote, Tom Wolfe, Joan Didion, and Norman Mailer. Today, this question is urgent for considerations of the journalist’s role within a political landscape increasingly hostile to the news media. Yet it is a question that has not been sufficiently explored in the field of literary study. Scholars of literary journalism have identified the features of an experimental journalism, traced its historical origins, and made claims about how to situate the New Journalism generically. While important, this scholarship overlooks the relationship between experimentation with conventional journalistic form and similar experimentations in other artistic fields. As a result, the stakes of the New Journalism’s experimentations with conventional reporting have not been sufficiently mined. In order to remedy this, I place the New Journalism within a broader history of avant-garde art. The agitation of mainstream journalistic practice undertaken by each of the writers above was spurred by a questioning of a foundational journalistic practice: objectivity. The New Journalists challenged the authority of fact and its capacity to represent the human condition. This challenge to objectivity drove an experimentation with journalistic form that produced a deeply innovative body of work; however, these innovations are not merely formal. They also call into question the epistemological assumptions that tether journalism to a phenomenal world assumed to be fully representable. Significantly, the challenges to objectivity posed by the New Journalists parallel the challenges to representation posed by avant-garde artists like Paul Cezanne and Karel Appel. My dissertation thus situates the challenges to journalistic form undertaken by the New Journalists within a broader history of artistic experimentation and demonstrates that the significance of these experimentations exceeds the fields in which they occur. These arguments provide a framework for understanding not only the formal innovations of avant-garde artists, but also the epistemological consequences, and ethical imperatives, inherent in these innovations. My understanding of avant-garde art is informed by the work of Jean-Francois Lyotard. Over the course of his career, Lyotard illuminated the philosophical dimensions of artistic innovation. For Lyotard, one of the hallmarks of avant-garde experimentation is its ability to confront and redress problems across a variety of discursive fields. That is, Lyotard values avant-garde experimentation because it responds to discourses beyond its own, and much of Lyotard’s writing about avant-garde art establishes connections between artistic innovation and broader issues of ethics, politics, and justice. Over the course of this dissertation, I demonstrate how the New Journalism participates in this tradition by asking questions about the role and responsibility of the reporter through the self-conscious development of an experimental journalistic aesthetic.
Temple University--Theses
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Gillingwators, Jean. "Joan Didion and the new journalism." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1986. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/417.
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Lu, Catherine Lu. "Empowering Teens Beyond the Page: The Evolution of Journalistic Coverage of the Young Adult Fiction Genre." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1526054196263185.
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Studinski, David P. "Giving in to gossip an analysis of American news web sites during the first decade of the 21st century /." [Muncie, Ind.] : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/676.
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Duncan, S. Heather. "A Comparison of the Origins, Goals, and Techniques of Storytelling and Literary Journalism." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2001. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-1026101-133401/restricted/duncanh112701.pdf.
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Winston, Matthew. "The Gonzo text – the literary journalism of Hunter Thompson." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/53042/.
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More has been written about the life of Hunter S Thompson than about the writing which brought him fame, although the peculiar nature of his first-person literary journalism makes his life and his work impossible to separate. Although the legend of the outlaw journalist is an indispensible feature, the focus of this textually-oriented study is Thompson’s method, conventionally called ‘Gonzo journalism’, and how it operates. Drawing on theories of subjectivity and authorship informed by the work of Derrida, Foucault, Barthes and John Mowitt, I attempt to analyse the Gonzo Text, examining the place of various elements of ‘Gonzo’ style and content. Looking at key themes in Thompson’s oeuvre - principally the problematics around representing drug experiences and the subjective experience of edgework, the nature of myths of objective and professional journalism in the context of political reportage, the interrogation of the place of sports in American culture and ideology, and, ultimately, Thompson’s engagement with ‘the death of the American Dream’ – I examine the ways in which the Gonzo Text is constructed. The Text of Gonzo is placed in social, political and historical contexts in terms of both wider American history of the period, and the traditions of American journalism. Gonzo works can be read in terms of Thompson’s renegotiation of the boundaries of reportable experience, of journalism, and even of personal safety and legal liability, with the unusual place of the voice of the author within Gonzo facilitating a unique type of hybrid Text. Blending fact and fiction into undecidability allows the Text to operate in some senses as what Derrida termed a ‘pharmakon’ – a site and agent of the instabilities of categories which cannot hold it. Gonzo journalism destabilises conventional ideas of literary journalism, and of journalism itself, in its peculiarly unclassifiable nature.
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Luo, Ying. "A credibility-based classification of journalistic blogs a literature study on credibility indicators and examination of illustrative cases /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1237233585.
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Foster, Frances Clare. "The press of the Weimar Republic and its representation in German literature." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/13a3fe69-e129-4046-96ac-b8d5a634d954.
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This study explores the inter-rclationship of the German press and literature during the Weimar Republic 1918-1933. The small amount of published research in this field concentrates on the work of journalists and takes little account of publishers, financial backers, advertisers, typesetters and readers. Consequently the economic, political, technological and social context of the works has not been fully investigated. Included in this study are works which have been hitherto neglected. Part One covers aspects of press history which shed light on the literary texts. Chapter I describes the legal, organisational, political and economic background, Chapter 2 gives an account of the large publishing concerns, Chapter 3 explains some technical aspects of newspaper production and Chapter 4 considers the role of the joumalist, the nature of journalism and the influence of journalism on literature. Part Two examines press-related works of literature which are set in the German Reich between 1918 and 1933. The body of this section is formed by: Frank Thiep, Der Leftaffige (1924), Hans Fallada, Bauern, Bonzen und Bomben (1931), Erik Reger, Union der festen Iland (193 1) and Gabriele Tergit, Kfisebier crobert den Kurhdrstendamm (1931). Textual references to thirty-seven other works are made at appropriate points. The literary works are examined in the light of (a) the historical background outlined in Part One (b) the author's journalistic experience (c) contemporary newspapers and journals, including the author's journalistic writings and (c) other literary works from the period. The fictional press is compared with that of reality and the imaginative contribution of authors is evaluated. The findings relate to: autobiographical elements, Berlin and regional newspapers,f actory newspapers, the Generalanzeigerpresseth, e party press, the status, education and working conditions of journalists, newspaper technology, the influence of American reporting, sensationalism, advertising, publishers, readers and the role of the press in political life.
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Low, Marcus. "Wild west science reporting : pitfalls and ethical issues in the reporting of frontier sciences." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49806.
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Thesis (MPhil) -- Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: When reporting on new research or claims by scientists, the science journalist faces a number of pitfalls. For a number of reasons the journalist might produce a story which is inaccurate or misleading. Thus, when a scientist claims to have found a cure for cancer, the journalist needs to check himself before delivering the story. In this paper I will examme a number of issues concerning the reporting of frontier science, or new research. In this realm it is particularly difficult to distinguish more reliable science from less reliable science. The problem is compounded by the vested interests of scientists, pharmaceutical companies and other interest groups. What the science journalist writes, influences public opinion, conceptions about science, and often affects people's decision-making regarding medical issues. There is thus a clear ethical aspect to science reporting. I will try to show that an understanding of how science works is crucial to reporting science responsibly. In this regard the distinction between frontier and textbook science is of particular importance. Theoretical distinctions such as these provide useful tools for the interpretation of claims from the frontier. The first chapter, then, will deal with theoretical concepts pertaining to how SCIence works. In the second we will examine a number of examples of how reporting from the frontiers can go wrong. We will argue that a better understanding of science might have prevented many of the inaccuracies and misleading claims examined. In chapter three we will attempt to list what can go wrong, and examine some of the possible consequences, thus outlining the ethical aspect of science reporting. Finally we will make a few suggestions and outline some guidelines which might contribute to more accurate and responsible reporting from the frontiers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Wanneer daar oor nuwe navorsing of aansprake deur wetenskaplikes berig moet word, word die wetenskapsverslaggewer gekonfronteer deur 'n aantal moontlike slaggate. Om verskeie redes kan daar onakkuraat of misleidend verslag gedoen word. Wanneer 'n wetenskaplike dus berig dat daar 'n kuur vir kanker gevind is, moet die joernalis homself eers aan sekere beginsels herinner. In hierdie skrywe sal ek 'n aantal kwessies te doen met die beriggewing van pionierswetenskap, of nuwe wetenskap, ondersoek. Op hierdie terrein is dit veral moeilik om tussen betroubare en minder betroubare wetenskap te onderskei. Die probleem word vererger deur die belange van wetenskaplikes, farmaseutiese maatskappye en ander belangegroepe. Dit wat deur die wetenskapsjoernalis berig word, beïnvloed publieke opinie en beskouings oor die wetenskap, en raak dikwels mense se besluitneming rakende mediese kwessies. Daar is dus 'n duidelike etiese aspek aan wetenskapsverslaggewing verbonde. Ek gaan poog om te wys dat 'n begrippnj van hoe wetenskap werk, onmisbaar is vir verantwoordelike wetenskapsverslaggewing. In hierdie verband is die onderskeid tussen pioniers- en handboekwetenskap van besondere belang. Teoretiese onderskeide soos dié verskaf bruikbare gereedskap VIr die interpretasie van aansprake uit die pionierswetenskap. In die eerste hoofstuk sal 'n aantal teoretiese konsepte oor die werking van wetenskap verduidelik word. In die tweede hoofstuk sal 'n aantal voorbeelde van waar verslaggewing van [N4]pionierswetenskap verkeerd geloop het, bespreek word. Ek gaan argumenteer dat In beter begrippisj van wetenskap moontlik baie van dié onakkuraathede en misleidende aansprake sou kon voorkom het. Hoofstuk drie sal dan poog om te lys wat verkeerd kan gaan, en sal sommige van die moontlike gevolge ondersoek. Hierdeur sal die etiese aspek van wetenskapsverslaggewing dus uitgestippel word. Aan die einde sal ek 'n paar voorstelle maak, en probeer om riglyne uit te stip wat kan bydra tot meer akkurate en verantwoordelike verslaggewing van pionierswetenskap.
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Cantori, Wagner Roberto Lopes 1981. "Os sentidos da "ciência" no ar = uma análise discursiva da produção do efeito de objetividade na editoria ciência da rádio Cbn." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/271004.
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Orientadores: Eni de Lourdes Puccinelli Orlandi, Cristiane Pereira DiasDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: As palavras objetividade, isenção, verdade e imparcialidade são sempre evocadas quando se trata de jornalismo e de ciência. O jornalista busca ser objetivo, assim como o cientista. O jornalista busca a objetividade dos fatos e o cientista a objetividade do conhecimento. Jornalistas e cientistas na interseção das duas áreas - a divulgação científica - pensam materializar suas utópicas "objetividades". Numa relação menos ingênua com a língua sabemos que não há discurso sem sujeito e não há sujeito sem ideologia: o individuo é interpelado em sujeito pela ideologia e é assim que a língua faz sentido (Orlandi, 2005). O que nos leva a considerar que o que se produz nisso que foi chamado objetividade, seja um efeito de objetividade, na subjetividade real do jornalista e do cientista. Tendo como arcabouço teórico a análise do discurso, dita francesa, a investigação parte da preocupação com a constituição, formulação e circulação da notícia de ciência (divulgação científica) no rádio, levando em consideração o modo como é significada a identidade e a construção do que é designado ciência no radiojornalismo. Ao falarmos nos filiamos a redes de sentidos, mas não temos controle sobre isso. O presente projeto não propõe comprovar que o discurso jornalístico-científico por suas condições de produção é subjetivo e, sim, sabendo que ele o é, mostrar como funcionam na/pela língua as marcas e propriedades discursivas que produzem um efeito de objetividade tanto para quem produz, quanto para quem recebe. É também finalidade deste trabalho mostrar, pela análise de discurso, questões presentes na divulgação científica de rádio, tais como: a questão do tempo/espaço como urgência na mídia, as posições-sujeito jornalista/cientista, os mecanismos de antecipação e encenação, o papel da voz no processo de divulgação, assim como, o tratamento do método científico e o que é designado como ciência no radiojornalismo. Compõem o corpus de análise algumas notas, reportagens e entrevistas da editoria ciência da Rádio CBN, umas das emissoras de maior circulação nacional
Abstract: The words objectivity, exemption, truth and impartiality are always evoked when it comes to journalism and science. The journalist tries to be objective and so is the scientist. The journalist searches for objectivity of the facts, while the scientist looks for objectivity of the knowledge. So journalists and scientists in the intersection of both fields- scientific reveal - think they will materialize they're utopist "objectivities". In a less ingenious relationship with the language, we know that there's no speech without subject and no subject without ideology: the individual is interpolated subject by ideology and so the language makes sense (Orlandi, 2005). What makes us considerate that what has been made the product of what is called objectivity is as like an effect of objectivity in the real subjectivity of the journalist and scientist. Having a theory structure the French discursive analysis the investigations runs from worrying about constitution, formulation and circulation of the science's news on radio, considering the meaning of the identity and construction of what consists the science of the radiojornalism. As we express ourselves by talking we connect to a net sense without holding control of it. This project does not propose to proof that the journalistic-scientific speech is subjective by its production's condition, but, knowing that it is subjective, show how it works with/for the marks and discursive proprieties that produces an objectivity effect for both who produces and who receives. It is also our goal to show, by discursive analysis, questions that are present on the scientific publicize on radio such as: the issue of time/space as a media urgency, the subject-positions of journalist/scientist, the mechanicals of anticipation and put on, the role of the voice on the publicize process as well as the treatment of the scientific method and what is specified of science on radiojournalism. The corpus of analysis consist of a some notes, reports and interviews of the science editor of CBN Radio, a station with one of the majors national circulation
Mestrado
Divulgação Científica e Cultural
Mestre em Divulgação Científica e Cultural
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Rupar, Verica. "Investigating the Journalistic Field:The Influence of Objectivity as a Journalistic Norm on the Public Debate on Genetic Engineering in New Zealand." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2596.
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This thesis explores the relationship between journalism as a specific type of socio-cultural practice and the production of meaning in public discussion. Through a case study of newspaper coverage of the issue of genetic engineering in New Zealand (2001-2002), it specifically examines journalists' newsgathering methods, their use of sources and their story-telling frames, and analyses how the news media uses the norm of objectivity to shape public debate on contentious issues. The study argues that elements and structures of journalistic practice both determine a newspaper's ability to address events and issues in a meaningful way and define a newspaper's potential to create a space for public debate. Drawing on field theory, discourse studies and the sociology of journalism, the thesis develops a new operational framework for investigation of journalistic practice by looking at the ideal of objectivity as a method of news gathering, an account of representing reality, and an attitude towards the reality so constructed. This framework is applied in the case study of newspaper coverage of the GE issue where four components of journalistic practice are analysed: journalistic form, transparency of newsgathering, sources and frame. Using content analysis, discourse analysis, interviews and a survey, the thesis explores the relationship between journalistic norms around these elements of the practice and the discursive potential of the news text to represent, interpret and construct reality. The findings of this study highlight the tension between outmoded forms of practice and the complexity of issues in the public domain. The analysis reveals how the norm of objectivity, originally developed as a shield for the defence of the autonomy of the profession to mediate reality, became, in the case of media coverage of genetic engineering, an obstacle in extending journalism's potential to contribute to public debate. As a method, objectivity failed to provide a set of transparent protocols for the representation of the issue in the public arena; as an account, it reflected the impossibility of separating 'facts' from 'views' and positions of detachment from those of partisanship; and as an attitude, objectivity was endangered by the increasing power of economic imperatives in the production of news. Following this analysis, the thesis explores the influence of journalistic norms on public debate by looking at journalism as a text, as a discursive practice and as a field of cultural production. The GE issue, constructed in the New Zealand press as a key component of the 'knowledge economy', drew attention to the dynamics between the economic imperatives and professional standards of the journalistic field. The objectivity norm was reduced in news reports to reporting 'what people say' rather than what the issue or argument meant, which led to a simplification of the genetic engineering issue in the public domain. The study concludes with the call for a re-examination of the journalistic field in light of the press's incapacity to challenge the status quo and map the social world for its readers.
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Walker, Kimberly K. "Differences in objectivity levels of conflict and straight news stories in three newspapers as assessed by coverage, statement, and gatekeeping biases." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1246466.
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While the cannon of objectivity has recently been called into question as the means for evaluating news merit, objectivity continues to harbor public expectation of the news media, especially during times of conflict. Results of past and current objectivity studies of conflict reporting, however, were shown to produce inconsistent and conflicting interpretations of whether the news media is presenting objective coverage of conflicts.To determine objectivity of news coverage, this content analysis examined objectivity differences between three newspapers--the Chicago Tribune, the Indianapolis Star, and the Anderson Herald Bulletin--and how they collectively presented front-page conflict and mainstream straight news stories.The study evaluated the newspapers' collective presentation of the September 11 h terrorist attack for a two-week period from September 12 through September 26, 2001. Presentation of the conflict was compared to a proportionate sample of mainstream straight news stories randomly selected from the months of January through December of 2001.Because the literature review indicated researchers most commonly evaluate news objectivity according to the presence of balance, attribution, or gatekeeping bias, the study assessed differences in objectivity level between conflict and straight news based upon the integration of all three objectivity variables The study's findings suggested that reporting of mainstream straight news was more objective than reporting of the September 11 terrorist attack conflict in the combined three newspapers. Reporting of the terrorist attack was found to be less balanced than reporting of straight news stories, as evidenced by a disproportionate amount of quotations afforded in support of United States war efforts. In addition, conflict stories were found to contain a significantly higher use of negative attributes-non-essential adjectives, inferences, collateral language and non-speech quotes--than straight news stories. Differences between page placement and revelation of theme were found to have no effect on objectivity differences.Department of Journalism
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Stafford, Andy. "Roland Barthes, 1947-1960 : journalism, sociology and the popular theatre." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10978/.
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This thesis situates the writings of Roland Barthes in the immediate postwar period. Whilst Barthes's thought has generally been appreciated for its theoretical innovations, this study identifies the historical and cultural influences behind his theories. His first permanent job in 1960, at the age of forty-five, ended a decade of career and financial uncertainties, during which he had been, above all, a journalist. His most famous book, Mythologies, consists of articles which were originally part of a monthly column appearing in the left-wing journal Les Lettres nouvelles between 1954 and 1956; this column helped to inflect the journal's attitude towards events such as decolonization. At the same time, he was active in the popular theatre movement, writing for Theatre populaire and defending Brechtian theatre. Barthes was also a pioneer of analytical tools in the social sciences. An avid reader of Michelet's attempts to 'resurrect' those who had been excluded by traditional historical narratives, Barthes valued the new history-writing of the Annales. He suggested a historical materialist analysis which, underlining the voluntarist nature of history, tried to resolve two historiographical dilemmas. Firstly, how could historical representation incorporate both continuity and change? Secondly, could a scientific, objective description of reality be reconciled with its partisan, subjective explanation? Undermining his earlier voluntarist view of history, the first dilemma was resolved by semiology: change and continuity were reconciled by showing forms functioning in a system. In the second the committed sociologist and critic could use the 'dialectique d'amour' to denounce and explain the alienation caused by bourgeois myths. However, whilst developing his semiological analysis, Barthes also concluded that a representation of both subjective and objective reality led to the exclusion of the committed critic. Finally, this thesis will suggest how Barthes's experiences and theoretical developments can be linked to his political views in this immediate postwar period.
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Wilson, Jessica. "Journalism and Persuasive Discourse in Stendhal, Zola and Proust." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1511799373831537.
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González, Tornero Ana. "Historia cultural del ensayo español : tres calas en el siglo XIX." View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318321.
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Nyaungwa, Mathew. "Newspapers' institutional voices in Zimbabwe : speaking to power through editorials between 1 June and 31 December 2013." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017786.
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This study investigates the complex role editorials – a newspaper's institutional voice – play in highly-polarised political contexts. Employing Van Dijk's insight that editorials "are usually not only, and even not primarily, directed at the common reader: rather they tend to directly or indirectly address influential news actors" (1992: 244), the study focuses on how the editorials of two Zimbabwean daily newspapers – The Herald, a perceived pro-government newspaper, and NewsDay, a perceived pro-opposition newspaper – speak to those in power. The study looks at these two newspapers' editorials from 1 June to 31 December 2013, which covers the period prior to, during and after the 2013 national elections. The 31 July, 2013 elections took place after four years of an uneasy government of national unity (GNU), which comprised ZANU-PF and the two MDC formations (Raftopoulos, 2013:978). Given the polarisation that is pervasive in the Zimbabwean politics and media, the study draws on Hallin and Mancini (2004)'s "Polarised Pluralist Model". In this model the media are used as instruments of struggle in conflicts, sometimes by dictatorships and by movements struggling against them, but also by contending parties in periods of democratic politics (Hallin and Mancini, 2004:61). Further, the methodological approach that informs this study is primarily qualitative. A qualitative content analysis of 30 editorials seeks to identify themes covered in the editorials. The study also employs a rhetorical analysis of 12 editorials and in-depth interviews and these form the adopted three-stage research design. The findings of this research somewhat contradict the common view in Zimbabwe that the privately-owned media blindly support the opposition while the stateowned media do the same to ZANU-PF (Chari, 2009:10; Mabweazara, 2011:110). Although The Herald openly supported ZANU-PF prior to the election, it shifted after the election as it pushed the ruling party to fulfill pledges made on the campaign trail. Some ZANU-PF officials were also censured by The Herald, although this selective criticism can be linked to factionalism in the party. NewsDay editorials reminded the newly formed government to mend the economy and provide basic services. While, the daily constantly censured Mugabe and ZANU-PF prior to the election, it also occasionally berated the MDC, which can be attributed to its participation in the GNU as that took away the privilege it previously had of not being hold accountable by the press.
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Moura, Medeiros Débora Maria [Verfasser]. "Engaged Journalism : Contesting Objectivity through Media Practices during the Alternative Coverage of Brazil’s June Journeys / Débora Maria Moura Medeiros." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202043372/34.
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Crees, Mark. "Before Mark Rutherford : the translations, journalism and essays of William Hale White." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366396.
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Mabweazara, Hayes. "New technologies and print journalism practice in Zimbabwe : an ethnographic study." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2010. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/5884.
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This study uses an ethnographic approach (participant observation in conjunction with indepth group and individual interviews) to closely examine how Zimbabwean print journalists in the state-controlled and private press deploy new K'Ts (the Internet; email; and the mobile phone) in their everyday professional practices. It explores how immediate conditions of practice and broader social circumstances set conditions for distinctive forms of new technology use, as well as how the technologies are impacting on traditional journalistic standards, values, and practices. The study rejects deterministic approaches to technology and argues that to understand the impact of new technologies on journalism practice in Africa, we must put journalists into a critical analytical context that takes into account contextual factors that coalesce to structure and constrain the uses of the technologies. To conceptualise the structuring impact of context and the degree of agency available to journalists in their deployment of new technologies, the study reinvigorates the sociology of journalism and social constructivist approaches to technology. The findings of the study offer insider perspectives of the practices and cultures around new technology use in the newsrooms and point to complex individual and socially patterned explanations of the appropriations of the technologies. While newsroom practices and cultures examined here broadly affirm early studies by showing: how new technologies impact on journalists' work routines; the news content they produce; the structure of their work environment; and their relationships with sources and readers, a closer analysis points to a number of contextual factors that collectively shape and constrain the uses of the technologies. These factors result in 'local context' appropriations that move beyond a simple substantiation of early studies. Thus, while the technologies offer journalists a wide range of resources and technological possibilities to work with, they also pose ethical and professional challenges. These and other findings highlight the deficiencies of deterministic or 'technicist' approaches to technology and their claims for a straightforward causal connection between technology and society. The study should thus be read as a challenge to the popular and utopian assumptions about the impact of new technologies on African journalism and as a dialogue with constructivist approaches that see technologies as inherently open to interpretive flexibility.
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MORGAN, CHARLOTTE. "NONE OF MY IDOLS WERE WORTH WORSHIPPING." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1304951934.
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Casari, Federico. "The origin of the elzeviro : journalism and literature in Italy, 1870-1920." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11365/.
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This is the very first historically informed investigation to offer an account of the origin of the elzeviro. The elzeviro was a very particular typology of newspaper article unique to the Italian press, printed in the two, two and a half or three columns on the left-hand of the cultural section of every daily political newspaper between 1903-4 and the end of the 1970s. Even though, by the end of its life span, the elzeviro had acquired a special meaning, that of a text with no narrative content, an almost gratuitous literary exercise, nevertheless for millions of Italian readers, for almost fifty years it represented the only contact with literary production. This thesis recovers the elzeviro to its journalistic dimension, retracing its origins in the transformation of the communicational space of the newspaper between 1870 and 1920. The original contribution of this research consists in the very first definition of the elzeviro as a newspaper article that originates as the answer to the modernisation of journalism occurred at the beginning of the twentieth century, when the primacy of news began to undermine the legitimacy of the subjective moment of the opinion. The foundation of the elzeviro lies in claiming a territory that was felt to be the province of opinion: literary journalists demanded that subjectivity not be discarded, and proved that the operation could be undertaken through an alternative instrument for the interpretation of reality: that of literature and culture. Literary journalists carved out their own personal space within the newspaper, where they were not forced to comment on news but could instead decide what constituted news and how to comment on it. The elzeviro is the account of the discovery of this news: for this reason, its discursive and colloquial dimension is the basis on which that type of article is organised, as the textual organism is bound by the aim of communicating news values.
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Asmal, F. "Islamophobia and the media : the portrayal of Islam since 9/11 and an analysis of the Danish cartoon controversy in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3326.
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Thesis (MPhil (Journalism))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008.The media plays a fundamental role in shaping societies’ opinions about topical issues. Most human beings depend upon either the print media (newspapers/magazines), television or radio as their sources of news. The advent of the internet since the 1990s revolutionised the media world and created an immediacy on the impact of news like no other previous medium could provide, as it had a combination of audio and visual material. The most effective demonstration of such immediacy would be that of the impact of the September 11 attacks in the USA in 2001. The aftermath of the media’s impact still resonates throughout the world today, especially its impact on those who follow the Islamic faith. This paper aims to explore the impact of the media on this newly derived concept of Islamophobia, especially post 9/11. It includes a case study of the Islamophobic Danish cartoon controversy that occurred in February 2006. This paper discusses the concept of Islamophobia and anti-Islamism, as well as how the events of 9/11 and its media coverage contributed towards the worsening of this sentiment across the globe. The conclusion reached is that instead of the media acting as a mediator between Western society and the global Muslim community and creating an atmosphere of each understanding the other, it acted negatively against Islam, the world’s fastest growing religion.
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Claire, Rounkles M. "The Shame of the Buckeye State: Journalistic Complacency on Episodic Lynching in Ohio from 1872 to 1932." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1598002383921226.
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Cothrel, Maxwell M. "Up in the Air: My Chuck Overby Story." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1366913647.
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Van, Zyl Elizabeth Margaretha, and Zyl Lizma Van. "Too cosy for comfort? : a media ethical investigation into the Presidential Press Corps." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53697.
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Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Govemment and the media are in the process of establishing South Africa's first Presidential Press Corps (PPC) based on the White House Press Corps in the United States of America. The need for a body like the Presidential Press Corps (PPC) has become increasingly evident as the recent relationship between the South African president and this country's press can only be characterised as poor. The establishment of the PPC potentially presents an ethical dilemma though due to various factors. A joumalist can only serve the public with the most comprehensive and accurate news when his or her finger is on the pulse of events that take place within the decision-making bodies. However, being so close to those in power may seriously threaten journalistic independence. This dilemma would be discussed in detail in this assignment. In May 200 I, the troubled relationship between Mbeki and the media was tackled at an Indaba between the South African National Editor's Forum (SANEF) and cabinet at Sun City. The crux and outcome of these discussions are set forth in The lf/oy Fo/wOld, a report prepared by those attending the Indaba. The establishment of the PPC is one of eight joint government and media initiatives outlined in this report. Although there is overwhelming support for the Pl'C, there is concern that the Pl'C members would be censored, manipulated and controlled by government as a result of their proximity. The Freedom of Expression Institute (FXI) believes the implications are far reaching and pose a serious threat to a free press. This first group of Pl'C journalists is going where no other has gone before in this country's history. They are however facing a daunting task, as the arena they are entering is fraught with novelties, challenges, obstacles and temptations. This assignment will examine the media's role in a democracy, the challenges of far closer cooperation between the media and government, the ethical dilemma potentially presented by the Pl'C as well as ways to ensure as far as possible, an ethical and professional relationship between government and the corps's members.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die regenng en die media is in die proses om Suid-Afrika se eerste Presidensiele Perskorps (PPK) te stig. Die konsep is geskoei op die van die Wit Huis Perskorps in die Verenigde State van Amerika. 'n Dringende behoefte bestaan in Suid-Afrika aan 'n liggaam soos die PPK aangesien dit duidelik geword het dat die verhouding tussen die president en die media nie na wense is nie. Die stigting van die PPK kan egter weens verskeie faktore eties-problematies wees. Joernaliste kan die publiek slegs voorsien van akkurate nuus indien hulle vingers op die polsslag van gebeure binne die land se besluitnemende liggame is. Joernalistieke onafhanklikheid kan egter in gedrang kom indien die verhouding tussen die "waghond" en die regering te intiem raak. Die PPK-Iede sal na verwagting weens gereelde kontak 'n veel hegter verhouding met die president he as wat die geval is met ander joemaliste. Die vertroebelde verhouding tussen die media en president Thabo Mbeki is in Mei 200 1 bespreek tydens 'n lndaba by Sun City. Een van die inisiatiewe waarop daar ooreengekom is in 'n poging om die probleme aan te pak, is die stigting van die PPK. Die Suid-Afrikaanse Nasionale Redakteursforum en die regering hoop dat die korps sal bydra tot 'n vryer vloei van inligting asook tot 'n beter verstandbouding tussen die regering en die media. Hoewel daar oorweldigende steun is vir die PPK, is daar ook vrese dat die korps se lede gemanupileer en beheer sal word deur die kabinet.Die eerste groep PPK-lede gaan baanbrekerswerk verrig, maar die pad voor hulle is onbekend en vol potensiele gevare. Die uitdagings, slaggate sowel as maniere hoe etiese probleme oorkom kan word, word in hierdie werkstuk bespreek.
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Gilliar, Beate Cacilia. "Identity or identities around (re)unification: An analysis of the rhetoric in East and West German newspapers." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186398.
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The dissertation presents a critical analysis of the political rhetoric of newspaper articles in the East German Neues Deutschland and the West German Die Zeit that relate directly to the public attitudes to reunification. The dissertation includes rhetorical analyses of articles from the two newspapers between October 1989 and October 1990. The analysis also includes personal interviews of East and West Germans held during that period and the broader historical developments that led up to unification. These analyses offer insights into how mass media represent broad political developments in light of contrasting political ideologies and purposes. Historical events have made German identity problematic. The events of the Second World War have only exacerbated the problems. The conflict of ideologies between East and West present an excellent opportunity for assessing how dramatically different ideologies shape public discourse. The historical dynamics of German identity present a powerful example of how public identities are constructed and reconstituted with changes in political conditions. Rhetoric can contribute to an understanding of these political processes by shedding light on how strategies for representation and persuasion are used to shape public opinion. By using rhetoric and hermeneutics as methods of inquiry, we will explore how the East German Neues Deutschland and the West German Die Zeit advanced social emancipation. The communicative analysis of definition, metaphor, and symbol showed how the newspapers gradually helped shape unification into a process that confirmed such social emancipation. Definition tried to reestablish order after the initial euphoria among Germans. Metaphor outlined how the newspaper provided options for people's empowerment. The symbol completed the process of emancipation by directing negotiations of values between East and West Germany.
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Piedade, Olívia Horta Bulla. "A evidência dos números no discurso jornalístico através das relações de comunicação e trabalho." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27152/tde-13112015-094109/.
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sustentar um discurso na notícia, com a quantificação da informação através desse recurso ajudando a construir a versão que se quer do fato, com o consentimento dos processos produtivos do Jornalismo. O referencial teórico parte do binômio Comunicação e Trabalho por considerar que as rotinas de trabalho e as práticas produtivas permitem, e até incentivam, ao jornalista usar os números na interpretação dos fatos sociais. A partir da análise de reportagens publicadas no jornal O Estado de S. Paulo sobre as manifestações de Junho de 2013 e também durante a Copa do Mundo de 2014, a pesquisa relaciona os conceitos de linguagem e confronta-os com a fala dos jornalistas, autores das matérias. As entrevistas realizadas mostram a naturalização que se faz de todo o processo de produção da notícia, com os números sendo usados para simular um sentido de verdade no texto jornalístico, servindo como argumento para construção da objetividade. Esse estudo está contextualizado no paradigma materialista, que vê a razão como argumento para apreensão da realidade, e considera ainda as obras de Mikhail Bakhtin e seu Círculo, para o qual o sujeito tem uma relação com o meio ao seu redor e seus discursos.This dissertation seeks to understand how numbers are used to hold a speech at news, with the quantification of information through numbers helping to build a version of the fact, with the consent of the productive processes of Journalism. The theoretical framework is based on the Communication and Labor binomial, considering that work routines and production practices allow, and even encourage, journalist to use numbers in the interpretation of social facts. From the analysis of articles published in the newspaper O Estado de S. Paulo on the protests of June 2013 and also during the World Cup in 2014, both in Brazil, the survey lists the language concepts and confronts them with the speech of journalists, authors of the reports. The interviews show the naturalization that makes the entire news production process, with the numbers being used to simulate a sense of truth in the news text, serving as an argument for construction of objectivity. This study is contextualized in the materialistic paradigm, which sees the reason as an argument for apprehension of reality, and considers the works of Mikhail Bakhtin and his Circle, for which the subject has a relationship with the environment around him and his speeches.
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Liu, Zhaoxi. "Assessing objectivity : an ideological criticism of the coverage of the Spanish-American War and the Vietnam War in the New York Times /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1420937.
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Kocak, Kenan. "The representation of Middle East identities in comics journalism." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6091/.
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The present thesis investigates comics journalism, which is a subsection within the comics medium combining sequential images and journalism, and which has met with popular acclaim in the wake of Joe Sacco’s popularity in the 1990s. Since then, many examples of comics journalism have been published. However, the subject has not been comprehensively studied except for extensive research focusing on Sacco. This study aims to go some way towards filling this gap. This thesis focuses mainly on comics war journalism covering the turmoil in the Middle East and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict by selecting graphic novels by two different authors from divergent backgrounds: Ayşegül Savaşta: Irak Şahini (Ayşegül at War: The Iraqi Falcon) by Kemal Gökhan Gürses from Turkey, and Jerusalem: Chronicles from the Holy City by the Quebecois author Guy Delisle. There are four main chapters in this thesis. The first chapter, ‘Comics Journalism’, analyses this hybrid genre and tries to place it with a theoretical framework. The second chapter, ‘National Identities and Comics Journalism’, discusses how national identities are represented in comics journalism. The third chapter examines Ayşegül Savaşta: Irak Şahini and shows how comics journalism can function as a response to a war. The fourth chapter discusses Jerusalem: Chronicles from the Holy City and explores comics journalism as cultural reportage. This thesis argues that the roots of comics journalism can be found in the Glasgow Looking Glass of 1825. While Joyce Brabner and Lou Ann Merkle together created today’s understanding of comics journalism, Joe Sacco popularized the genre via his coverage of the Palestinian issue and the Bosnian War. Another conclusion is that the September 11 attacks explain the rise of comics journalism, as output related to comics journalism has since blossomed. I will claim that comics journalism functions as an alternative to mainstream journalism and serves to show unreported news. Additionally this thesis will find that stereotypes play a very important role in picturing the relationship between comics and national identities, and will show how Muslim stereotypes have changed in comics, especially in superhero comics, produced after 9/11. This observation leads me to argue that comics journalists, regardless of their backgrounds, use essentially the same stereotypes when they draw Middle Easterners, Arabs especially, although negative Muslim stereotypes are very rare in comics journalism. Since religion and nationalism are undeniably intermingled in the Middle East, the comics journalists studied here employ Islam as a part of their narratives.