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Journal articles on the topic 'Journalism Journalism Objectivity in literature'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Ruiz-Rico, Manuel. "Truth as Literature: Ethics of Journalism and Reality in the Digital Society." Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodístico 26, no. 1 (January 16, 2020): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/esmp.67309.

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Modern journalism emerged in the XIX century based on truth and reality. The rise of Romanticism in that century proposed an approach against the Enlightenment and its pillars: objectivity, positivism and realism. Unlike it, Romanticism claimed subjectivity and the self as the more authentic reality. Thus, it took beauty out of the base of aesthetics and put in its place communication and expression. With the arrival of Postmodernism, the notions of reality and truth have been in crisis too and so it proposes a moral and epistemological relativism. This view has been a permanent attack on journalism. This paper vindicates reality and truth, and so journalism as one of the main institutions based on those concepts, besides science. Therefore, journalism can be seen as the most necessary and genuine aesthetic in the current digital era because it takes and melts objectivity and realism from Illustration, communication and subjectivity from Romanticism, and impact from Postmodernism. In current network societies, journalism has rehabilitated a new narrative and is increasingly more based on stories than on news. That is creating a genuine literature of reality, which gathers both the ethic and the aesthetic project of the Enlightenment, Romanticism and Postmodernism.

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2

Valverde, Beatriz, and Juan F. Plaza. "Ways of Witnessing: Journalism vs. Fiction in The Quiet American and El pintor de batallas." Anglia 136, no. 3 (September 6, 2018): 430–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ang-2018-0049.

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Abstract Since the profession of war correspondent came into existence in the middle of the nineteenth century, war reporters have attracted the attention of novelists. The literary representation of journalism in war times is a fundamental tool when analyzing the evolution of this profession, since, as Barbara Korte has argued (2007: 432), it provides an opportunity to illustrate the problems when reporting conflicts and the consequences such reporting has on journalists. Graham Greene in The Quiet American and Arturo Pérez-Reverte in El pintor de batallas (The Painter of Battles) dramatize the practice of journalism when reporting wars in different eras of the profession in the last century, namely the Indochina war (in the early fifties) and the Balkans conflict (in the early nineties) respectively. Both authors, after being war correspondents, resort to fiction to reflect on the implications of experiencing and narrating wars. Through the experience of the protagonists of their novels, Fowler in The Quiet American and Faulques in El pintor de batallas, Greene and Reverte question the principles of objectivity in journalism. In their literary work, they critique the practice of this profession based on neutrality and non-involvement, revealing the contradictions inherent in the claims of objectivism in reportage.

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3

Menke, Richard. "“Who is Mr. Reuter?”: Objectivity and Electric Textuality in the Age of Telegraph Journalism." English Language Notes 51, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00138282-51.1.63.

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4

Semilet, T. A., I. V. Fotieva, and A. V. Ivanov. "Post-Modern Situation in Media Communication: Forecast and Reality." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 20, no. 6 (August 11, 2021): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-6-200-211.

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In the social transformations that shape the situation of “postmodernity”, media communication plays a leading role. At the first stages of its formation, theorists made a number of predictions about a new sociality: the implementation of the principles of equality and freedom; the ability to participate in significant decision-making; inclusion of all in social integrity and participation in events; consolidation of rationality, ethics, and freedom in reaching a universal consensus; convergence of values and worldviews.Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate how and in what forms these forecasts have been carried out; what are the trends of modern media communication.Research methods: comparative analysis, system-structural and structural-functional analysis.The main results of the study are as follows. The forecasts of the leading theorists about the prospects of media communication and the digital society have been reached, at best, only partially. In a real situation, which many authors call “postmodernity”, one can see the following contradictory tendencies: real boundaries, which were expected to become “transparent”, are now reproduced in virtual form; communication processes stimulated consolidation, but at the same time exacerbated ideological, national, socio-cultural divisions. Moreover, the government and business structures that are increasing their influence (“post-democracy”) are competing with new actors for leadership in media communication. The phenomenon of “post-truth” show itself through rejection of the objectivity principle, reliability, rationality. The immersion of communicants in a virtual environment has number of negative consequences for the personality, including “erosion” of basic moral and social norms (“posthumanism”). Furthermore, basic functions of journalism are replaced by dysfunctions (“post-journalism”). Thus, the Internet has served as a kind of catalyst that enhances both positive and negative social trends.

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5

de-Pablos-Coello, José Manuel. "‘Communicative Frenzy’ as disinformation." Comunicar 16, no. 31 (October 1, 2008): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c31-2008-01-022.

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Frenzy journalism involves a determined endeavour to take active part in the subsequent future and development of an event: a journal introduces a topic for several days. This media frenzy undermines objectivity and professionalism in favour of the ideological and financial interests of the economic enterprise. The author here studies the role of the Spanish journal El País during eight days in May 2007 when a Venezuelan TV station did not obtain the broadcast license renewal. Cuando un medio introduce en su agenda un tema de forma llamativa y monocorde durante varios días, con un alto despliegue de medios, recursos tecnológicos y personas, estamos ante lo que ya técnicamente se conoce en la literatura científica como ‘frenesí periodístico’. La objetividad y variedad informativa da paso al monotema, muchas veces empujado por intereses políticos, empresariales o simplemente de oportunidad. El autor estudia el caso de la intervención del diario «El País» durante ocho días de mayo de 2007, cuando una emisora venezolana de televisión no logró renovar la licencia administrativa para hacer uso del espectro público.

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6

Wien, Charlotte. "Defining Objectivity within Journalism." Nordicom Review 26, no. 2 (November 1, 2005): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0255.

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Abstract The article seeks the roots of the journalistic concept of objectivity in various theoretical schools. It argues that the concept of objectivity in journalism originates in the positivistic tradition and, furthermore, that it is strongly related to tan earlier theoretical school within historiography. Journalism has made several attempts have been made by journalism to break free of the positivistic objectivity paradigm, none of them very successful, however. The paper discusses each of these attempts. Finally, using the concept of objectivity as a prism, the paper sketches out what might be termed a landscape of journalism theory.

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7

McAnulty, Joseph. "Preservice teachers’ perceptions of teaching news media literacy." Social Studies Research and Practice 15, no. 1 (May 8, 2020): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-11-2019-0054.

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PurposeThis study explores social studies preservice teacher’s orientation toward teaching news media literacy in the era of fake news. Previous literature indicates that many social studies teachers express a desire to maintain neutrality in the classroom. As such, this study focuses on the preservice teachers’ articulated pedagogical practices around news media literacy, as well as the described forces and factors that influence their described stances.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses work from the field of political communication to analyze course assignments, semi-structured interviews and survey responses in order to consider the ways 39 preservice social studies teachers articulated their anticipated and enacted pedagogical practices around news media literacy.FindingsFindings suggest a prevalent desire among the participants to pursue neutrality by presenting “both sides,” echoing traditional journalistic pursuits of objectivity. The possible consequences of this desire are also explored. Additionally, the study suggests that parents, administrators and the content standards are viewed as forces, which will constrain their practices.Practical implicationsUsing theorizing about the civil sphere, this paper considers implications for teacher educators. The civil sphere may provide a lens with which to analyze news media and may help preservice teachers adopt practices they view as risky.Originality/valueThis study aims to extend conversations around the teaching of news media, controversial political and social issues and the preparation of social studies teachers in the current social and political ecology by working to align the field with growing conversations in the field of political communication and journalism.

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8

Widodo, Yohanes. "Menyoal Etika Jurnalisme Kontemporer: Belajar dari OhmyNews." Jurnal ASPIKOM 1, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24329/aspikom.v1i1.7.

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This article explores journalism ethics, credibility and objectivity on contemporary journalism platforms (blog, online journalism and citizen journalism) by case study of Ohmynews— a citizen journalism developed in South Korea. To answer the challenge of citizen journalism in relation with credibility and objectivity on contemporary journalism, at least there are three solutions. First, by developing education and training for citizen journalism. Second, by building collaboration between professional journalism and citizen. Third, in their task, journalist must based on nine journalism elements. So, media idealism as social control and education for society can be practiced

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9

Muñoz-Torres, Juan Ramón. "TRUTH AND OBJECTIVITY IN JOURNALISM." Journalism Studies 13, no. 4 (August 2012): 566–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1461670x.2012.662401.

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10

Waller, Lisa. "Book Review: Objectivity in Journalism." Media International Australia 151, no. 1 (May 2014): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1415100135.

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11

Ryan, Michael. "Journalistic Ethics, Objectivity, Existential Journalism, Standpoint Epistemology, and Public Journalism." Journal of Mass Media Ethics 16, no. 1 (March 2001): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327728jmme1601_2.

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12

Hackett, Robert A. "Can Peace Journalism be transposed to Climate Crisis journalism?" Pacific Journalism Review 23, no. 1 (July 21, 2017): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v23i1.100.

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This commentary briefly outlines characteristics of Peace Journalism (PJ), and then summarises ways that PJ could inspire justice and crisis-oriented climate journalism, including ethical moorings, audience orientation, journalism practices, self-reflexivity and scepticism of the practices of ‘objectivity’. While there are also important disjunctures between them, particularly around advocacy, partisanship and conflict escalation, both paradigms have liberal and radical variants. The author concludes with a note on structural media change as a corequisite of either paradigm’s implementation.

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13

Schudson, Michael. "The objectivity norm in American journalism*." Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism 2, no. 2 (August 2001): 149–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146488490100200201.

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14

Kitch, Carolyn. "Rethinking Objectivity in Journalism and History." American Journalism 16, no. 2 (April 1999): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08821127.1999.10739177.

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15

Woo, Jisuk. "Journalism Objectivity: In News Magazine Photography." Visual Communication Quarterly 1, no. 3 (July 1994): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15551393.1994.10387503.

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16

Craft, Stephanie. "Distinguishing Features: Reconsidering the Link Between Journalism’s Professional Status and Ethics." Journalism & Communication Monographs 19, no. 4 (November 14, 2017): 260–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1522637917734213.

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This monograph begins a rethinking of the idea of professional journalism ethics and examines how ethics is being employed as a key differentiator between amateurs (audience members, citizen journalists, and the like) and professionals, while other once-distinguishing features of journalism have become more widely dispersed and available to the public. How do the ethics of nonprofessionals practicing journalism differ, if at all, from everyday morality? Is journalism ethics—should journalism ethics be—the exclusive domain of professionals? This monograph considers the role of ethics in defining what it means to be a professional journalist; challenges to professional journalism’s autonomy from “amateurs” and how ethics is used to maintain boundaries between them; and objectivity as a tenet of professional journalism ethics. An analysis of 2016 U.S. presidential election campaign coverage is used to explore how and why a professional journalism centered on an ethic of objectivity can fail to perform ethically.

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17

Lesage, Frédérik, and Robert A. Hackett. "Between Objectivity and Openness—The Mediality of Data for Journalism." Media and Communication 1, no. 1 (January 30, 2014): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v1i1.73.

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A number of recent high profile news events have emphasised the importance of <em>data </em>as a journalistic resource. But with no definitive definition for what constitutes data in journalism, it is difficult to determine what the implications of collecting, analysing, and disseminating data are for journalism, particularly in terms of objectivity in journalism. Drawing selectively from theories of mediation and research in journalism studies we critically examine how data is incorporated into journalistic practice. In the first half of the paper, we argue that data's value for journalism is constructed through mediatic dimensions that unevenly evoke different socio-technical contexts including scientific research and computing. We develop three key dimensions related to data's mediality within journalism: the problem of scale, transparency work, and the provision of access to data as 'openness'. Having developed this first approach, we turn to a journalism studies perspective of journalism's longstanding "regime of objectivity", a regime that encompasses interacting news production practices, epistemological assumptions, and institutional arrangements, in order to consider how data is incorporated into journalism's own established procedures for producing objectivity. At first sight, working with data promises to challenge the regime, in part by taking a more conventionalist or interpretivist epistemological position with regard to the representation of truth. However, we argue that how journalists and other actors choose to work with data may in some ways deepen the regime's epistemological stance. We conclude by outlining a set of questions for future research into the relationship between data, objectivity and journalism.

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Lesage, Frédérik, and Robert A. Hackett. "Between Objectivity and Openness—The Mediality of Data for Journalism." Media and Communication 2, no. 2 (July 1, 2014): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v2i2.128.

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A number of recent high profile news events have emphasised the importance of data as a journalistic resource. But with no definitive definition for what constitutes data in journalism, it is difficult to determine what the implications of collecting, analysing, and disseminating data are for journalism, particularly in terms of objectivity in journalism. Drawing selectively from theories of mediation and research in journalism studies we critically examine how data is incorporated into journalistic practice. In the first half of the paper, we argue that data's value for journalism is constructed through mediatic dimensions that unevenly evoke different socio-technical contexts including scientific research and computing. We develop three key dimensions related to data's mediality within journalism: the problem of scale, transparency work, and the provision of access to data as 'openness'. Having developed this first approach, we turn to a journalism studies perspective of journalism's longstanding "regime of objectivity", a regime that encompasses interacting news production practices, epistemological assumptions, and institutional arrangements, in order to consider how data is incorporated into journalism's own established procedures for producing objectivity. At first sight, working with data promises to challenge the regime, in part by taking a more conventionalist or interpretivist epistemological position with regard to the representation of truth. However, we argue that how journalists and other actors choose to work with data may in some ways deepen the regime's epistemological stance. We conclude by outlining a set of questions for future research into the relationship between data, objectivity and journalism.

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19

Ruotsalainen, Juho, and Mikko Villi. "Hybrid Engagement: Discourses and Scenarios of Entrepreneurial Journalism." Media and Communication 6, no. 4 (November 8, 2018): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i4.1465.

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Although the challenge posed by social media and the participatory turn concerns culture and values at the very heart of journalism, journalists have been reluctant to adopt participatory values and practices. To encourage audience participation and to offer journalism that is both trustworthy and engaging, journalists of the future may embrace a hybrid practice of journalistic objectivity and audience-centred dialogue. As innovative and experimental actors, entrepreneurial journalism outlets can perform as forerunners of such a culture. By analysing discourses in the “About Us” pages of 41 entrepreneurial journalism outlets, the article examines the emerging journalistic ethos of entrepreneurial journalism and its participatory tendencies. The results show a conception of journalism that is a hybrid of the journalistic ideals of dialogue and objectivity. This kind of hybrid journalism and adjacent “hybrid engagement” can offer an answer to the dual challenge of how to make journalism more participation-friendly while at the same time hold on to the defining values and criteria of journalism. Drawing from futures research, the article concludes by sketching four scenarios of how entrepreneurial journalism and participatory hybrid engagement may develop in the future.

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20

Tandoc, Edson C., and Ryan J. Thomas. "Readers value objectivity over transparency." Newspaper Research Journal 38, no. 1 (March 2017): 32–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739532917698446.

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This study explored the effects of objectivity and transparency on perceived news credibility and newsworthiness. Some journalism scholars and practitioners have argued that transparency is replacing objectivity, which has been a dominant standard in traditional journalism. An online experiment (n=222) found that objective articles were rated more credible and more newsworthy than opinionated articles, while non-transparent articles were rated more credible than transparent articles.

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Syahri, Moch. "Journalism ethics in local newspaper." Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 33, no. 1 (March 29, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v33i12020.1-14.

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Professional and quality journalists are subject to an ethical code and their understanding and competence of said ethics code. Ethics are the minimum values or moral traditions that are used to separate truths from mistakes and good from the bad. Journalism ethics are the rules adhered to by journalists. News coverage has objectives. In order to reach said objectives, journalists should adhere to the professional ethics that they comprehend in the news coverage. Such a comprehension cannot be separated from the different interests involved in the news production process. This research aimed to identify the journalists’ understanding of the values of independence, objectivity, their relationship with their sources and gifts from sources. This research used the phenomenology method. Data collection was done via interviews with 13 Radar Malang journalists. The data analysis employed was Turner’s Theory of Structuration. The research findings presented that first, independence and objectivity are ethical values that are impossible for journalists to maintain. This is since news writing involves interpretation and choices because writing the news is the result of the journalists’ interpretation of their economic interests and journalist idealism. The news is written with a particular tendency in mind. Objectivity is only regarded in the scope of the balance of news. Second, there is a dynamic relationship between journalists and the sources of the news. Journalists are always in a dilemma when writing news that relates to the interests of the news sources. Journalists may receive any gifts from the sources so long as they do not relate to the news. In general, journalists should refuse remittance. However, any other kinds of gifts are still tolerable.

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22

Hackett, Robert A. "Book review: Steven Maras Objectivity in journalism." Journalism 15, no. 1 (December 16, 2013): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884913505527.

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23

Krøvel, Roy, Andreas Ytterstad, and Kristin Skare Orgeret. "Objectivity and Advocacy in Global Warming Journalism." Asia Pacific Media Educator 22, no. 1 (June 2012): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1326365x1202200103.

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24

Tett, Gillian. "Reflexivity and Objectivity in Anthropology and Journalism." Anthropology News 51, no. 4 (April 2010): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-3502.2010.51426.x.

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25

Duffield, Lee. "REVIEW: New paradigms plus technology could change the way we report on race." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 26, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v26i2.1142.

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Reporting on Race in a Digital Era, by Carolyn Nielsen. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan. xiii, 236 pages. ISBN 978-3-030-35220-2/ISBN 978-3-030-35221-9 (eBook) CAROLYN NIELSEN has proposed a role for journalism in resolving political oppression, offering a case study on the crisis surrounding street killings of African Americans by police. This United States journalism academic provides a review of prominent work since the 1970s on journalism theory and principles. She gives an historical treatment of news media coverage in race relations and criticises ‘traditional’ journalism—as a central point kicking into the corpse of ‘objectivity’ as a key value. This is late, with objectivity and a moral neutrality, as the adopted trait of journalists, already forsaken.

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26

Merljak Zdovc, Sonja. "Literary journalism : the intersection of literature and journalism." Acta Neophilologica 37, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2004): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/an.37.1-2.17-23.

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Literary journalism is a style of newspaper and magazine writing that developed as a reaction against facto graphic and objective journalism. Rather than answering the informational who, what, when, or where, it depicts moments in time. It has also managed to eschew the formula of newspaper feature writing, with its predictability and cliches. Instead, it appointed the techniques of realistic fiction to portray daily life. The author of this paper attempts to present the genre that belongs at the same time to literature and journalism; it combines the best of both practices in order to give the reader the most vivid and accurate picture of society. The author of this paper also attempts to present literary journalism as it exists in Slovenia.

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27

Khorob, S. S. "OPINION JOURNALISM: THE GENRE OF LITERATURE OR JOURNALISM?" PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word, no. 2(54) (January 22, 2019): 364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2019-2(54)-364-370.

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The article raises the problem of genre and type definition of opinion journalism, its belonging to fiction and journalism. It proves that this creation, coming out of laws of creative work, characterizes activities of both writers and journalists to an equal extent, being on the border in works of belles-lettres and mass media. In addition, the analysis of manifestations of opinion journalism gives grounds to affirm that opinion journalism is not a separate type of literature and not a separate genre of journalism. It is rather the system of genres among major forms that are inherent in literary-fictional and journalistic creative work.

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28

Aitamurto, Tanja. "Normative paradoxes in 360° journalism: Contested accuracy and objectivity." New Media & Society 21, no. 1 (July 10, 2018): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444818785153.

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In visual journalism, the adoption of new technologies often leads to renegotiation of normative boundaries, and the case of 360° video is no exception. Two normative paradoxes emerge in journalists’ attempts to deploy 360° video to provide emotionally engaging and factually relevant content. The first paradox is that the 360° view is considered to provide a more accurate representation of events, but the viewer’s freedom to choose the field of view can lead to a less accurate picture of the story. The second paradox is that, by manipulating authentic imagery in the pursuit of more accurate and objective reporting, journalists compromise on traditional notions of accuracy and objectivity. These paradoxes push visual journalism away from the “as is” and toward the “as if,” detaching visual journalism from its naturalistic claims. This leads to increasingly blurred boundaries between journalism and other communication practices such as advertising and propaganda.

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29

Camponez, Carlos. "Between truth and respect – towards an ethics of care in journalism." Comunicação e Sociedade 25 (June 30, 2014): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17231/comsoc.25(2014).1864.

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This article seeks to explore the contributions of an ethic of care for journalism. Far from refusing the objectivity paradigm, the ethics of care emphasizes the role of journalism in its engagement with the public sphere and democracy, stressing the social responsibility dimension based on respect for the different stakeholders in the complex process of information: the subject who informs, the public and the information sources; journalism as a professional culture. This perspective can be a response to the contradictions that we find across the normative field of journalism, tightly placed between the paradigm of objectivity, freedom of speech and the market demands. In a communication where the logics of commodification, entertainment and audiences prevail, the ethics of care based on respect can become an alternative response towards a new public contract and journalism’s credibility.

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30

Richards, Ian. "Public Journalism and Ethics." Media International Australia 95, no. 1 (May 2000): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0009500115.

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Although it has been hailed as the salvation of American journalism, public journalism poses many dilemmas. While the most immediate of these arise from its definitional imprecision, some of the most significant are in the area of journalism ethics. Some of the problems emerge from public journalism's disregard of traditional notions of journalistic objectivity, others from the inherent conflict between serving the public and serving the market. At the same time, the public journalism movement has yet to confront the fact that ethical debates in journalism have generally been constructed around the individual, thereby ignoring the reality that most ethical problems originate at the level of ownership and management. While it is too soon to determine just how well public journalism will adapt to Australian conditions, it is clear that it has a long way to go before it justifies the extravagant claims that have been made in its name.

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31

Blaagaard, Bolette B. "Shifting boundaries: Objectivity, citizen journalism and tomorrow’s journalists." Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism 14, no. 8 (January 30, 2013): 1076–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884912469081.

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32

Appelman, Alyssa. "Book Review: Objectivity in Journalism, by Steven Maras." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 91, no. 4 (November 9, 2014): 855–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699014554765k.

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33

Martine, Thomas, and Juliette De Maeyer. "Networks of Reference: Rethinking Objectivity Theory in Journalism." Communication Theory 29, no. 1 (November 3, 2018): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ct/qty020.

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34

Streckfuss, Richard. "Objectivity in Journalism: A Search and a Reassessment." Journalism Quarterly 67, no. 4 (December 1990): 973–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769909006700453.

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35

Borger, Merel, Anita van Hoof, and José Sanders. "Exploring participatory journalistic content: Objectivity and diversity in five examples of participatory journalism." Journalism 20, no. 3 (November 10, 2016): 444–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884916675633.

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This article presents a content analysis of five very different examples of participatory journalism. The goal of this study is to examine the, largely untested, assumptions that news organizations and journalists have about audience input (audience material for instance being trivial, personal, emotional and sensational). We systematically ask how the contents of the five projects might be characterized in relation to conventional quality journalism as a particular genre by examining the contents against two criteria that have been critical to this genre: ‘objectivity’ and ‘diversity’. Second, given the core role that a notion of professional ‘control’ plays in discussions on participatory journalism, we examine whether these manifestations on objectivity and diversity are associated with the degree to which professional journalists have control over the participatory content published within these projects. By doing so, we aim to better understand what the participating audience produces in order to get an idea of what, according to participants, ‘counts’ as journalism and to determine whether and how this differs from conventional quality journalism. The results are explained in terms of ‘boundary work’.

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36

Hasfi, Nurul, and Wijayanto Wijayanto. "The Practices of the Journalism Bias in the Mainstream Online Media in Covering the 2019 Presidential Election." Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia 6, no. 1 (June 15, 2021): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.25008/jkiski.v6i1.475.

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Objectivity (unbiased) news is an essential journalism principle in covering political news, especially general elections. However, many studies found that violations against these principles were becoming a problem in many elections in different countries. In Indonesia, most research concerns this issue more focusing on the traditional media platform. This article has aimed to explore online media on how they covered the 2019 presidential election. This research combines quantitative and qualitative text analysis methods to investigate 320 online media articles produced by eight leading online media in Indonesia two weeks before the election. By employing the journalism principle of objectivity, the concept of framing and representation, this research found that online media in Indonesia practice biased journalism in reporting the 2019 presidential election. However, each online media has a typical media bias both quantitatively and qualitatively. This study identified two categories of journalism practice, namely partisan journalism that openly supported particular candidates and at the same time attacked the rival. Secondly, the online media category tried to be professional, but they applied journalism bias by construction framing strategy and representation for the candidate they supported. This research also highlights that the bias of online media journalism was facilitated by the general principle of digital journalism routine in Indonesia that mostly focuses on speed rather than on comprehensive information and also facilitated by the existence of the hyper-link feature that legitimizes the 'cover one side' in a single article.

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Stasiuk-Krajewska, Karina. "Provider versus navigator. News values and the journalistic professionalism." Media Biznes Kultura, no. 1 (10) (2021): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25442554.mbk.21.007.13973.

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The text examines the condition of contemporary journalism in the context of professionalization and values. Presenting the analysis of different ways of defining journalism as a profession, the author notes that contemporary journalism operates within two sets of values. Those that are normally associated with the so-called “professional journalism”, which are referred to the fractographical pact (mainly constituted by such values as: truth, objectivity and independence). The second set of values is called news values. They are fundamentally different and inconsistent with the norms that are considered constitutive for journalism as a profession. In this situation, journalism as a profession and journalists as its representatives are obliged to perform simultaneously two, partly at least contradictory, functions the information provider and the navigator who guides his / her recipients through information for him / her for attractive, noteworthy.

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Hildebrand, David L. "Pragmatic Objectivity in History, Journalism and Philosophy (Presidential Address)." Southwest Philosophy Review 27, no. 1 (2011): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/swphilreview20112711.

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Pöttker, Horst. "Objectivity as (self-)censorship:Against theDogmatisation ofProfessional Ethics in Journalism." Javnost - The Public 11, no. 2 (January 2004): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13183222.2004.11008855.

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Mirando, Joseph A. "Embracing Objectivity Early On: Journalism Textbooks of the 1800s." Journal of Mass Media Ethics 16, no. 1 (March 2001): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327728jmme1601_3.

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Fox, Carl. "Public Reason, Objectivity, and Journalism in Liberal Democratic Societies." Res Publica 19, no. 3 (August 2013): 257–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11158-013-9226-6.

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van Krieken, Kobie, and José Sanders. "Framing narrative journalism as a new genre: A case study of the Netherlands." Journalism 18, no. 10 (September 26, 2016): 1364–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884916671156.

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Although narrative journalism has a long history in the Netherlands, it is in recent years being promoted as a ‘new’ genre. This study examines the motives underlying this promotional tactic. To that end, we analyze how narrative journalism is framed in (1) public expressions of the initiatives aimed at professionalization of the genre and (2) interviews with journalists and lecturers in journalism programs. Results indicate that in public discourse on narrative journalism, the genre is framed as moving, essential, and as high quality journalism. These frames indicate that the current promotion of narrative journalism as ‘new’ can be seen as a strategy that journalists apply to withstand the pressures they are facing in the competition with new media. These frames are deepened in the interviews with lecturers and practitioners, who frame narrative journalism as a dangerous game, a paradigm shift, and as the Holy Grail. These frames indicate that narrative journalism is regarded as the highest achievable goal for journalists, but that its practice comes with dangers and risks: it tempts journalists to abandon the traditional principles of objectivity and factuality, which can ultimately cause journalism to lose its credibility and authority. We discuss these findings in terms of boundary work and reflect on implications for narrative journalism’s societal function.

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Hackett, Robert A. "Journalism for Peace and Justice: Towards a Comparative Analysis of Media Paradigms." Studies in Social Justice 4, no. 2 (December 15, 2010): 179–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v4i2.1001.

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This paper compares different normative and institutional paradigms of journalism with respect to peaceful conflict resolution and democratic communication. It begins with the problematic but still dominant 'regime of objectivity,' and then considers three contemporary challengers: peace journalism, alternative media, and media democratization/communication rights movements. The paradigms are compared in terms of such factors as public philosophy, epistemological assumptions, characteristic practices, institutional entailments, relationship to dominant institutions and power structures, allies and opponents, and antagonisms and synergies between them. I conclude that while peace journalism is a promising initiative, it could gain traction by exploring synergies with the other challenger paradigms.

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Little, Janine. "'The Innocence in Her Beautiful Green Eyes': Speculations on Seduction and the 'Feminine' in the Australian News Media." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2006): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v12i1.849.

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It is a familiar refrain to describe journalism as, simply, story-telling (Manoff, 1986). The aim of this article, however, is to explore how that simple project turns complicated in a place like Australia, with its lingering anxieties of culture and identity (Gelder & Jacobs, 1998, p.142). This article is a start to a longer study of the specific critical and cultural implications of contemporary journalism, practised in an 'unsettled' Australian postcolonial milieu. Here, the study makes some speculative observations of gender representation in long-running news stories about two women: Schapelle Corby and Lindy Chamberlain. My disciplinary background is cultural studies, not social sciences. The result here, therefore, is not a set of conclusions drawn from content analysis, as would be the case in a different kind of paper. I also want to lend support to the discussion in journalism scholarship of the conundrum of 'objectivity' for journalistic practice in socio-political contexts where assumptions of 'objectivity' may, in fact, obscure journalism's public interest principle.

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Remington, Thomas F. "Politics and Professionalism in Soviet Journalism." Slavic Review 44, no. 3 (1985): 489–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2498016.

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The Western ideal of journalistic objectivity, influenced by liberal principles of the rulers' accountability to the ruled and the empirical skepticism of science, developed as an occupational response by journalists to marketplace competition among commercially or politically motivated suppliers of information and came to define the journalist's professional ethic of impartiality and independence. At the same time the term professionalism must be used advisedly. Journalism is a field with some but not all of the attributes of a profession. By the usual tests of the freedom of the practitioners to govern entry and exit from the field, to possess an exclusive right to carry on their trade, and to set the standards of performance, journalists are not as autonomous as, for example, physicians and attorneys. If they sought to close the shop to outsiders or to set standards of writing and reporting, they would be infringing upon the prerogatives of “management”—editors and publishers.

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Schmidt, Thomas R. "‘It’s OK to feel’: The emotionality norm and its evolution in U.S. print journalism." Journalism 22, no. 5 (January 10, 2021): 1173–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884920985722.

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Between the 1960s and the 1990s journalists in U.S. newspapers created, constructed, and advanced emotionality as a new occupational norm in American print journalism, challenging some aspects of the dominant objectivity norm while simultaneously affirming its overall relevance. This historical study delineates how the emotionality norm emerged as a constitutive element of narrative journalism during this time period. Drawing from archival research, in-depth interviews, and textual analysis of trade publications, this study analyzes how narrative journalists developed moral ideals, practices, and justifications for advancing narrative journalism as an acceptable and desirable mode of emotional storytelling. As the emotionality norm affected journalistic roles, expanded the repertoire of journalistic forms, and transformed the emotive posture of newspapers, it contributed in nuanced and deliberate ways to the interpretive turn in U.S. journalism.

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Stacy, Jason. "Walt Whitman's Journalism." Walt Whitman Quarterly Review 34, no. 3-4 (February 20, 2017): 358–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.13008/0737-0679.2248.

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Chobanyan, Karine. "Trupization of American Television Journalism." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 8, no. 4 (October 26, 2019): 719–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2019.8(4).719-734.

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Since of Donald Trump was elected President of the US, American journalism in general and TV journalists in particular has been going through transformations in genres, topics, variety of linguistic means and general content strategy. The article is an attempt to determine the most significant changes in the news broadcast. Using the information content of CNN as the main detractor of Trump’s media policy, the author analyzes and describes the new trends in the broadcasting policy. These include a significant reduction in the number of news items per news bulletin, attractivation of panel discussions, dominance of political topics and Donald Trump himself as the main news maker, negative evaluation in the frontmen’s language, journalists’ switch-over from observing to criticizing and assessing, changes in the president’s image and in the concept of D. Trump in American mass media, and the emergence and development of a new “White House chaos” concept. The article shows the dynamics in the main CNN’s structural indicators, such as genres ratio, thematic preferences, linguistic components, over the past five years. The author infers that the adversarial relationship between the president and TV journalists results in overall decreased taping content quality and lower professional standards for frontment and news channel correspondents. In this relation, lack of objectivity, biased discussions and prevalence of negative evaluation are of particular concern. The research was carried out in the second half of 2018, a case study of CNN newscasts of 2017 and 2018.

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López-García, Xosé, Alba Silva-Rodríguez, Ángel-Antonio Vizoso-García, Oscar Westlund, and João Canavilhas. "Mobile journalism: Systematic literature review." Comunicar 27, no. 59 (April 1, 2019): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c59-2019-01.

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The era of mobile media has placed communications convergence at a new stage. The importance of studies about mobile communications has been growing increasingly over the last years. This growth is connected to the increase in the access to contents through new devices. The last ten years have seen a process of acceleration in mobile technology innovations. The peak of this new scenario has been the interest of the research community in investigating the relationship between such innovations and the spread of informative contents. This article analyses those studies that address the relation between mobile devices and communication and journalism. The main objective is to clarify the current state of these studies as well as to define their significance within the current convergence scenario. In order to reach such objectives, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted. The authors analysed 199 research articles published between January 2008 and May 2018 in the database Web of Science. The findings suggest that the United States has the largest number of studies in relation to this topic. We can pinpoint the highest increase in scientific production about journalism and mobile communications in 2013. Besides, it exists a dominance of those articles related with actants upon those ones about actors or audiences. La era de los medios móviles ha situado la convergencia comunicativa en un nuevo estadio. La movilidad ha abierto un gran campo en la cambiante sociedad red. La producción científica sobre periodismo móvil ha adquirido un mayor protagonismo gracias a las mejoras técnicas de los dispositivos y a la democratización en el acceso a los contenidos por parte de los usuarios. En los últimos diez años se ha producido una aceleración en las innovaciones tecnológicas que se ha traducido en un mayor interés por esta área de estudio. En este trabajo se analizan los artículos sobre dispositivos móviles y periodismo a fin de definir el momento actual del proceso y situar el papel que ocupan en el escenario convergente. El método ha sido una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica (SLR) de 199 artículos publicados entre enero del 2008 y mayo del 2018 en la base de datos Web of Science. La validación siguió los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, identificación de la base de datos, motores de búsqueda, y evaluación y descripción de resultados. Los hallazgos indican que en Estados Unidos se concentra el mayor número de publicaciones relacionadas con este tema y que el auge de la producción científica sobre periodismo móvil se da en el año 2013. Se concluye que existe un predominio de publicaciones relacionadas con los actantes en detrimento de aquellas que versan sobre actores o audiencias.

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Good, Howard. "Use Literature to Teach Journalism." Journalism Educator 40, no. 2 (June 1985): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769588504000217.

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