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1
Namasinga Selnes, Florence, and Kristin Skare Orgeret. "Social media in Uganda: revitalising news journalism?" Media, Culture & Society 42, no. 3 (April 2020): 380–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443719900353.
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The article discusses the role of social media in relation to the traditional journalistic sphere in Uganda. Through an analysis of how journalists in three Ugandan newspapers use social media in their daily work, the article discusses how social media affect conventional sourcing practices, reportage and professional norms. The article is particularly interested in how Facebook and Twitter serve as alternative channels through which sources with less access to traditional means of communication get their message(s) across to journalists. The findings are discussed in light of the present development of social media legislation in Uganda. The discussions feed into a larger reflection on social media’s potential to create avenues of access in a semi-democratic setting where attempts to curtail media freedom and freedom of expression are frequent.
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Majstorović, Dunja, and Dina Vozab. "The transformation of normative approaches to journalism in Croatian academic literature from socialism to post-socialism." Politička misao 58, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 7–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.58.2.01.
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This paper shows changes in the normative expectations of journalism through an analysis of articles published in Croatian scientific journals about journalism in three time periods: socialism, the transition period, and the period of democratic consolidation. Using qualitative content analysis we identify a total of fifteen themes related to journalism (journalistic norms, regulation, sensationalism, investigative journalism, journalism and PR, organizational aspects, war reporting, technological aspects, gender and journalism, media freedom, democratic aspects, economic aspects, journalism education, the function of journalism in a political system, and the history of journalism) and nine normative roles for journalists ( gatekeeper, social-political worker, public sphere promoter, watchdog, commercial role, emancipatory role, neutral disseminator, advocacy role, defender of democracy). We used quantitative content analysis to analyze the distribution of themes and roles. The results show no unambiguous perception of journalism in academic papers during the different time periods as is generally assumed in the literature on media democratization and the media in transitional countries in general.
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Pavlyuk, Ihor. "MODERN UKRAINIAN PUBLICISM: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS." Social Communications: Theory and Practice 11, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.51423/2524-0471-2020-11-2-7.
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The purposeof this article is to study the philosophical and psychological, ideological and historically natural states and trends of changes in modern Ukrainian journalism in the context of its potential deepening of democratic freedoms, coverage of war issues, global universal problems.The methodological basis of our study is the distinction betweenthe concepts of Ukrainian-language and Ukrainian-language journalism, informativeness and journalistic-analytical on the level of subjectivized emotions in the text, which in the communicative plane turn it into metatext, because journalism itself includes in various, preferably harmonious, propositional, analytical, simple display). Among our research methods: phenomenological, comparative, psychoanalytic (probing archetypes), hermeneutic, deconstructivist (search for non-systemic meanings in texts and meanings of consciousness).As a result of the study, a comprehensive analysis of Ukrainian modern journalism in the context of changes in forms, forms, their genre modifications and transformations, in particular −in propaganda and demagoguery, modernization of technical means of dissemination of journalistic texts taking into account internal socio-political processes (chaotic) nature of information developmentof society in Ukraine) and external geopolitical challenges.The obtained results allowed us to formulate the following conclusions.Ukrainian modern journalism is a consolidating information and propaganda enzyme, co-creator of ideological matrices, taking into account the preservation of national identity and features of modern world media culture:its multimedia, interactivity, implementation in electronic media, where the dynamic development of information technology and the expansion of information , and produce and retransmit it, which symbolizes the emergence of a new type of journalism in Ukraine.
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Madolimov, Hasanboy Shuhratovich. "FUNCTION OF INFORMATIONAL PUBLICIISTICS AND IMAGE (INFORMATION)." Journal of Central Asian Social Studies 02, no. 03 (May 31, 2021): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/jcass/volume02issue03-a12.
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It is well known that journalism is a unique way of covering social life and is widely used in the press. Journalism is divided into a number of types to cover all aspects of public life. These include socio-political journalism, economic-industrial journalism, journalism reflecting the cultural and spiritual life (there are a number of subtypes, such as scientific journalism, literary journalism, sports journalism, art journalism). There is also a peculiar way of social life, albeit from a socio-political point of view - comic journalism, which illuminates it in a humorous way. In terms of its structure, journalism is divided into informational, analytical and artistic journalism, which depends on how it covers life.
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Zhade, Zuriet A., and Zaur Yu Khuako. "Formation of Identity of the National – State Journalism in Sociocultural Space of Russia." Humanities of the South of Russia 9, no. 1 (2020): 242–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/2227-8656.2020.1.19.
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Modern Russian political science has been actively researching identification processes at all levels in society in recent years. In this regard, understanding of the dynamics, specifics and content of the identity of national journalism seems to be relevant. In essence, identity in the field of mass media and mass communication remains outside the field of scientific interests of researchers. The article focuses on the interdependence of journalism identity and political identity, political and information space. Journalism as a social institution, the institution of mass media is the most important component in the structure of the political system of society. This dictates the need and relevance of the study of various aspects of the identity of Russian national (state) journalism, its identification factors. Journalism is a sphere of public activity (openness, transparency, publicity), the ability to freely receive and distribute information addressed to a mass audience. The factor of open information boundaries, wide and close interaction of the media requires real integration within the framework of all-European and world information systems. Consistently implementing the constitutional principles of freedom of information, Russian journalism must clearly identify and defend its identity in the global information space. In information interaction and counteraction, the problem of the identity of journalism, which closely interacts with political and ethnic identities, is quite acute. In the research field of identity within the framework of domestic political science, identity in the field of information and journalism remains poorly studied. The problems of political science in the field of identity research are equally becoming the focus of attention of philosophy, sociology, history and psychology. Certain aspects of the identity of information and journalism can be found in interdisciplinary research, the achievements of various social sciences and humanities.
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Hanusch, Folker, and Tim P. Vos. "Charting the development of a field: A systematic review of comparative studies of journalism." International Communication Gazette 82, no. 4 (January 10, 2019): 319–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048518822606.
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Comparative studies of journalism have gained considerable currency in recent years, and are often considered to be at the cutting edge of journalism studies. Yet, there has been relatively little systematic examination of the growth of comparative journalism studies or in-depth analysis of the power relations within the field in relation to, for example, trends in authorship or dominant methodologies and paradigms. This article reports the results of a systematic review of comparative studies of journalism published between 2000 and 2015, a key growth period for the field. By examining in detail a population of 441 articles published in 22 key journals, we demonstrate that comparative journalism studies is a dynamic field that has developed considerable structure over time, and outline some key patterns, such as a continuing focus on Western authorship, the study of Western countries and elite media, quantitative methods of analysis and political aspects of journalism.
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Mitchuk, Olha. "Specialized fields of journalism in the context of political and philosophical concepts." Obraz 35, no. 1 (2021): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/obraz.2021.1(35)-50-59.
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The article aims at examining the existing definitions of institutions of both social phenomena in philosophical science. The analysis of the institute comparison and interpenetration as a philosophical concept is suggested. The notion of a journalistic field is analyzed in view of content structuredness in connection with aspects of the notions of institutionalization of power and law. Peculiarities of several specialized subfields of journalism are analyzed in the context of mass-media production of different information and forms of competition, and cooperation between universal and specialized journalists. Different subtypes of journalism and respective social areas, the degree of interaction between professional and commercial dimensions of the journalistic field are analyzed.
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Budivska, Halyna. "Journalism Professionalism and Professional Standards: Theoretical Aspects and Media Practitioners’ Interpretation." Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism, no. 2 (75) (2019): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2019.75.2.
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The article deals with the normative principles of journalistic professionalism and professional standards, comparing them with interpretation of Ukrainian media professionals. The purpose of the study is to outline the professional standards of Ukrainian journalists dealing with sociopolitical issues. Based on ten interviews with the journalists as the respondents aged 21 to 50 from different national and regional media outlets, the author indicates several peculiarities how the Ukrainian media practitioners perceive this problem. It is revealed that the so-called “western model” of journalism is superimposed on the complicated socio-political conditions of journalists, and therefore it is not accepted unconditionally by the part of media practitioners. The situation of turbulence where the Ukrainian journalists find themselves today, affects their perceptions of journalistic professionalism and professional standards. According to the results of the survey, recognition of importance of journalistic standards prevails among the respondents, but in practice unconditional adherence to these standards is complicated or is impossible for the interviewers taking into account sensitivity of coverage of transformations and the war in the country, as well as the challenges connected with media owners’ political interests and difficult financial situation in the media. Also, based on the findings obtained, it is concluded that there is insufficient institutionalization of professional standards in the Ukrainian media environment.
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Sukhodolov, Alexander, Elizaveta Kudlik, and Alla Antonova. "Prank Journalism as a New Genre in Russian Media Landscape." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 7, no. 3 (July 10, 2018): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2018.7(3).361-370.
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The article aims at theorizing the phenomenon of prank journalism. The authors explain the need for new formats of searching for information in the context of information wars. The concept prank is defined in general, at the same time it is analyzed in the psychological, socio-cultural and legal aspects, a psychological and social image of a prankster is drawn. The article describes the process of a prank phone call evolving first into a youth subculture and then into a new genre of journalism. The aspects of the prank subculture are described from the viewpoint of anthropology and its media coverage is characterized. Some aspects of the beginnings of prank journalism in the Russian media space are considered, Examples of prank journalism in the Western media space are given. The article states reasons for the introduction of political prank in the Russian media space. The article offers basis for comparing a pranksters and journalists activities, and describes the ethical component of prank journalism. The article gives a brief characteristic of stages of creating a prank. The role of the personal factor in a prank journalists job is defined as exemplified by Alexey Stolyarov (Lexus) and Vladimir Kuznetsov (Vovan), the founders of the Russian intellectual prank. Examples of some well-known pranks from the recently published book by Vovan and Lexus For Whom the Phone Rings? are given. The article offers criteria for rating pranks as instruments for creating fake news as exemplified by the prank about the victims in the Kemerovo Winter Cherry mall, disseminated by a Ukrainian prankster. The prank is considered in a dichotomy: as information terrorism and as a kind of fact journalism. The article states how the prank is characterized by professional journalists and media people. The article makes a conclusion about the place of prank journalism in the modern media space.
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Wysocka, Aneta. "The autobiographical “self” in Ryszard Kapuściński´s empathetic journalism." Human Affairs 31, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humaff-2021-0028.
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Abstract The article investigates the autobiographical aspects of Ryszard Kapuściński’s reportage pieces. The journalist’s complete works provide the material for this study. Autobiographism is understood here broadly, not only as the presence of a selfnarrative in the documentary accounts, but also as the implicit influence of the foreign correspondent’s life experiences on his interpretation of the events he reports. Kapuściński’s work early was primarily influenced by the experiences of poverty during the Second World War and the post-war period, the post-war loss of his little homeland as Poland entered the orbit of the Soviet Union’s influence, as well as his involvement in a socialist youth organization. These personal experiences constitute an important context for the interpretation of his works, which is shown using examples from his reports.
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Rodríguez-Pérez, Carlos, Francisco J. Paniagua-Rojano, and Raúl Magallón-Rosa. "Debunking Political Disinformation through Journalists’ Perceptions: An Analysis of Colombia’s Fact-Checking News Practices." Media and Communication 9, no. 1 (March 3, 2021): 264–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v9i1.3374.
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Fact-checking alliances emerged worldwide to debunk political disinformation in electoral contexts because of social concerns related to information authenticity. This study, thus, included the Latin American context in fact-checking journalism studies as a journalistic practice to fight political disinformation. Through analyzing RedCheq, the first fact-checking journalism alliance in an electoral regional context led by Colombiacheck, 11 in-depth interviews were conducted to identify the perceptions of regional fact-checkers regarding the usefulness of this journalistic practice, its achievements, and the key aspects for incorporating fact-checking into the regional media ecosystem. The study results revealed that RedCheq achieved the goal of fighting disinformation, and that fact-checking developed as transformational leverage for the regional media. Regional journalists perceived fact-checking as an element that restores credibility and social trust in regional media as the epistemology of this journalistic practice neglects the power pressure and dissemination of official narratives. Finally, this study highlighted how fact-checking journalism contributes to the democratic quality and civic empowerment in silenced and polarized environments. In addition, it discussed the need to expand fact-checking journalism’s coverage to new geographical areas and improve journalists’ professional competencies and training, thereby enabling them to function as using verification tools based on regional journalists’ requirements.
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Loosen, Wiebke, Julius Reimer, and Fenja De Silva-Schmidt. "Data-driven reporting: An on-going (r)evolution? An analysis of projects nominated for the Data Journalism Awards 2013–2016." Journalism 21, no. 9 (October 12, 2017): 1246–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884917735691.
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Data-driven journalism can be considered as journalism’s response to the datafication of society. To better understand the key components and development of this still young and fast evolving genre, we investigate what the field itself defines as its ‘gold-standard’: projects that were nominated for the Data Journalism Awards from 2013 to 2016 (n = 225). Using a content analysis, we examine, among other aspects, the data sources and types, visualisations, interactive features, topics and producers. Our results demonstrate, for instance, only a few consistent developments over the years and a predominance of political pieces, of projects by newspapers and by investigative journalism organisations, of public data from official institutions as well as a glut of simple visualisations, which in sum echoes a range of general tendencies in data journalism. On the basis of our findings, we evaluate data-driven journalism’s potential for improvement with regard to journalism’s societal functions.
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Rutenbeck, Jeffrey B. "Newspaper Trends in the 1870s: Proliferation, Popularization, and Political Independence." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 72, no. 2 (June 1995): 361–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769909507200209.
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The 1870s was a decade of dramatic growth and change for American journalism. This article examines several specific aspects of those changes, including changes in newspaper size, cost, and political affiliation. In general, newspapers were expanding in size (from four to eight pages), decreasing in cost, and moving away from the long-standing tradition of party identification toward political independence and nonaffiliation. By the end of the 1870s, partisan papers were smaller, fewer, and more expensive than their independent and nonaffiliated counterparts, suggesting a transformation in the social, political, and economic relationships embodied in American newspapers.
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Kafumbe, Anthony Luyirika. "Women’s Rights to Property in Marriage, Divorce, and Widowhood in Uganda: The Problematic Aspects." Human Rights Review 11, no. 2 (January 13, 2009): 199–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12142-008-0112-0.
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Gerli, Matteo, Marco Mazzoni, and Roberto Mincigrucci. "Constraints and limitations of investigative journalism in Hungary, Italy, Latvia and Romania." European Journal of Communication 33, no. 1 (January 3, 2018): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267323117750672.
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The article provides evidences about mechanisms and practices that undermine the effectiveness of investigative journalism through the analysis of selected case studies of corruptive phenomena in Italy, Hungary, Romania and Latvia. In particular, the article shows that the idea of watchdog journalism does not work actually in the observed countries. Indeed, investigative journalism requires certain socio-economic conditions, such as a low degree of influence of the political and economic spheres and a high level of journalistic professionalism, which are not (always) present in the aforementioned countries. More specifically, the article focuses on three aspects that may distort investigative journalists’ work: a certain proximity (sometimes overlapping) of publishers (often rich oligarchs or prominent businessmen) and politicians, the ‘blackmail’ exercised through advertising investments and the interferences of secret services, which may dissuade newsrooms from performing their role as the watchdog.
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Павлюх, Мария Васильевна. "Axiological approach in reporting polish political issues in 1989–2005." Studia Politologiczne 2020, no. 56 (June 15, 2020): 144–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/spolit.2020.56.9.
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The article explores the “post-communist syndrome” in the functioning of the Polish state. The analysis is carried out on the example of certain specific features of the political culture of Polish society: axiological, that is, the predominance of traditional moral values in public opinion. Axiologicality is a general area of Polish political journalism. The values and political problems in the context of morality are put first. The article analyzes the axiological aspects of the problem of coverage of the functioning of the Polish state 1989–2005 years. The analysis is carried out on the example of publications: “Tygodnik Powszechny” and “Niedziela”. Socio-political communication of Polish journalism in problem-thematic content is investigated in thematic blocks ‒ several articles of Polish publications, united in one topic. The general analysis of the articles is carried out in such thematic blocks, which express the main problems of the Polish editions: “Solidarnost’” ‒ publications on the liberation movement in Poland, the organization Solidarnost’; “Postcommunist consciousness” is a thematic block whose main focus is on the critical rethinking of the communist past; “Contemporary Polish politics” is a discussion of the modern formation of the Polish state, structure, regime, modern politics, as well as the thematic block “Ecumenical combination” ‒ articles “Niedzieli”, which promote the religious and national association of churches.
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Nsibambi, Fredrick. "Documenting and Presenting Contentious Narratives and Objects—Experiences from Museums in Uganda." Heritage 2, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2010002.
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Uganda is currently witnessing a new era, in as far as the safeguarding of cultural heritage is concerned. The preservation and presentation of cultural heritage objects is no longer a preserve of the state. National and community museums, totaling about 25, and spread across the country, are now preserving and presenting important aspects of Uganda’s diverse and multi-layered history as well as cultural heritage. Former leaders and political personalities are rarely documented. Even when documented by non-museum workers, their narratives are insufficiently presented in museums. Certain aspects of Uganda’s cultural heritage and history are silently being contested through museum spaces. The silent contestations are generally influenced by ethnicity, politics, and religion. Through this article, I intend to present the predicament of documenting contested histories and cultural heritage by Ugandan museums and provide examples of museum objects or aspects of Uganda’s cultural heritage, such as the narrative of “Walumbe” (death), that are subject to contestations.
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Vaišnys, Andrius. "University journalism study programme in the context of higher education and science reform." Žurnalistikos Tyrimai 2 (January 1, 2009): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/zt/jr.2009.2.75.
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The reform of higher education and science in Lithuania has brought new challenges: study programmes will have to be restructured according to new laws and it will be necessary to improve what has already been created. Therefore, the prospects for the discipline of journalism studies should be explored in the context of higher education and science reforms in Lithuania, withthe main focus on the following aspects:1) How to understand the aims and tasks of university schools of journalism in our modern networking society (original participation in the network of schools);2) How to achieve quality in university schools and their studies (how and what research programmes should be supported and implemented);3) What is the future of university studies, considering university or universities traditions, resources, and the needs of both graduates and the market. Keywords: history and changes in journalism studies, higher education and science reform, media research, university studies, creative communication, political communication, and freedom of the press.
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Kakuba, Sultan Juma. "State Repression and Democratic Dispensation in Uganda 1996–2016." SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (July 2021): 215824402110306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211030638.
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State repression covers several and many aspects such as wrongful detention, harassment, intimidation, torture, beating, and killings within state boundaries. This study adopted a desk survey qualitative research design to document state repression acts during five presidential elections. Secondary and primary data were gathered from Uganda Electoral Commission presidential elections results, African Elections Database, and Inter-Parliamentary Parline database. This was augmented by interviews carried out with purposively selected political activists from different political shades and members of civil society organizations. The data collected from documentary reviews and interviews were thematically analyzed using the content analysis method. The findings were that successive presidential elections won by National Resistance Movement (NRM) were characterized by state repression acts amounting to human rights abuse such as torture, denial of political gatherings, wrongful arrest, and detention, intimidation, and killings. Drawing from the study findings, the conclusion is that NRM has used state institutions to repress opposition to shield its regime and to lure mass support to remain in power, undermining democratic dispensation it restored in the country.
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García-Ortega, Alba, and José Alberto García-Avilés. "When journalism and games intersect: Examining news quality, design and mechanics of political newsgames." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 26, no. 3 (April 29, 2020): 517–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354856520918081.
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The use of games to convey the news involves wrestling with two different narrative logics: the professional culture of journalism, based on the verification of information and the standards of objectivity and truthfulness, and the culture of games, characterized by the creation of imaginary worlds, the persuasive potential of entertainment and the mechanics of the gaming experience. This article examines a sample of eight newsgame designs and the mechanisms through which they transmit information on issues related to political activity. We designed a qualitative analysis tool to examine the journalistic and gaming quality of the newsgames by analysing 28 parameters in four categories: formal parameters, content parameters, quality of use and architecture and design. Our results show that the use of playful elements is compatible with the fulfilment of journalistic quality standards and the choice of mechanics and dynamics determines how the user perceives and interacts with the information. However, the balance between both aspects does not guarantee that a newsgame provides the narrative resources to understand the information autonomously. Thus, newsgames are a genre with great journalistic potential when using the correct choice of mechanics and dynamics that allows communicating information according to news standards.
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Kunelius, Risto. "On the Overlap of Systemic Events: Covid-19, Climate, and Journalism." Social Media + Society 6, no. 3 (July 2020): 205630512094819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120948197.
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Covid-19 represents a systemic event—a state of emergency—that disrupts the routines of societies from the level of individuals to institutions, nations, and global interaction. Revealing the vulnerability of the intensively interconnected world suggests a juxtaposition with another systemic crisis: the climate emergency. Drawing on some key literature on the different aspects of “events”—as heightened political semiosis (Wagner-Pacifi), as (possible) transformation of social and symbolic structures (Sewell), and as moments where new horizons are opened (Arendt)—this essay suggests three intersecting themes where reactions to Covid-19 help to sharpen the crucial questions of future journalism: the role of “knowledge” and expertise, the power of national framing, and the challenge of covering the new imperatives and possibilities of everyday life.
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Hamza Mohammed Saleh, Dr Naheed. "The Electronic Press Dealt with The Issue of Poverty in Sudan." علوم الاتصال 2, no. 7 (June 27, 2021): 277–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/cs.v2i7.785.
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The increase in poverty rates from ancient times to the present day is considered one of the most complex, measured and read issues. Poverty directly affects the individual and society in all economic, psychological, educational, health, cultural and political aspects as well, and it is one of the main reasons for the eruption of major political revolutions in Sudan and other regions. All this made the Sudanese electronic press deal with the issue of poverty extensively, as it is an extremely complex social phenomenon that exhausts nations and peoples.
This study dealt with how the Sudanese electronic press deals with the issue of poverty and its contributions to address this phenomenon that affects all aspects of human life, through two main chapters: Chapter One: Electronic Journalism and the Issue of Poverty and Social Change. This chapter discusses writing and editing poverty issues in electronic journalism. As well as the electronic press explanations of the causes of poverty in Sudan.
The second chapter deals with fieldwork, methodological aspects and content analysis. Where an applied study was presented on the Sudanese newspaper Akhbar Al-Youm website, then the conclusion comes with the results and recommendations that concluded on the importance of making media and technical efforts in the Sudanese electronic press, and working on highlighting the press material that deals with poverty issues, in addition to the need to adopt programs that help in addressing these issues.
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Márquez-Ramírez, Mireya, Claudia Mellado, María Luisa Humanes, Adriana Amado, Daniel Beck, Sergey Davydov, Jacques Mick, et al. "Detached or Interventionist? Comparing the Performance of Watchdog Journalism in Transitional, Advanced and Non-democratic Countries." International Journal of Press/Politics 25, no. 1 (September 6, 2019): 53–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1940161219872155.
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This study proposes the interventionist and the detached orientations to watchdog journalism through the conceptual lens of journalistic role performance. Based on a content analysis of 33,640 news stories from sixty-four media outlets in eighteen countries, we measure and compare both orientations across different countries using three performative aspects of monitoring: intensity of scrutiny, voice of the scrutiny, and source of the event. Our findings show that the interventionist approach of watchdog journalism is more likely to be found in democracies with traditionally partisan and opinion-oriented journalistic cultures or experiencing sociopolitical crises. In turn, the detached orientation predominates in democracies with journalistic traditions associated to objectivity. Although both orientations have a lower presence in transitional democracies, the detached watchdog prevails, while in non-democratic countries the watchdog role is almost absent. Our results also reveal that structural contexts of undemocratic political regimes and restricted press freedom are key definers of watchdog role performance overall. However, the type of political regime is actually more important—and in fact the most important predictor— for detached than for interventionist reporting.
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Harb, Zahera. "Covering the Qana ‘Massacre’ 1996: A Case of Contextual Objectivity." Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 1, no. 2 (2008): 138–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187398608x335801.
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AbstractThis article is part of a larger qualitative study that investigates the Lebanese journalism culture and performance in relation to the Israeli forces' operations against Lebanon and their encounters with the Lebanese resistance between 1996 and 2000. News values and objectivity are key aspects of the culture that this paper explores. It is a story about journalism told by a journalist, yet one who uses academic tools to narrate her story and the story of her fellow journalists. The article presents part of the author's own story - an ethnographic account of Tele Liban's coverage during the 1996 ‘Grapes of Wrath’ operation, as Israel then called it. The performance of Tele Liban journalists during this period will be presented and examined in relation to journalistic norms of objectivity, neutrality, balance and truth. This paper examines what might be identified as alternative ways of understanding reporting wars and conflicts and argues that in this particular situation, reporting was a case of contextual objectivity.
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Gross, Peter. "Between Reality and Dream: Eastern European Media Transition, Transformation, Consolidation, and Integration." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 18, no. 1 (February 2004): 110–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325403259919.
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This article explores the progress made in the transition and transformation of Eastern Europe’s news media and the potential for their integration into the Western European media scene. Transformation and consolidation in Eastern European societies and in their media systems should not be pursued in the name of integration. For these societies, these processes have a raison d’etre of their own: reaching the stated desideratum of a bona fide democracy, which means a degree of sameness in the key aspects of their political culture; for the media, it means professionalization based on shared standards of journalism and media roles.
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Høiby, Marte, and Rune Ottosen. "Journalism under pressure in conflict zones: A study of journalists and editors in seven countries." Media, War & Conflict 12, no. 1 (September 19, 2017): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750635217728092.
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Through interviews with 100 journalists and editors in seven countries, the authors examine safety as the main challenge for journalists covering war and conflict in both local and international contexts. The article places a particular focus on the situation for Filipino and Norwegian journalists. The underreporting of legal aspects of international conflict, combined with less security, means less presence and more journalistic coverage based on second-hand observation. The article argues that reduced access to conflict hotspots owing to the tactical targeting of journalists might distort the coverage of wars and conflicts, and affect the quality of journalism in future.
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Mellado-Ruiz, Claudia. "Latin American Journalism: A Review of Five Decades and a Proposal for a Model of Analysis." Comunicar 17, no. 33 (October 1, 2009): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3916/c33-2009-01-011.
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Based on an historical analysis of the last five decades of research, this article analyzes the elements that define the journalism in Latin America. The work is based on the common social structures and the fact that journalism mediates in the construction of reality throughout the region, proposing a model that describes the individual, organizational and social aspects that have influenced the development of the profession. The results indicate that the educational problems linked to both the identity and the autonomy of the profession, the cultural value associated to professional practice, the existence and reach of the Teachers Associations, political and economic peculiarities, and the considerable influence exercised by Europe and the United States, are all aspects that make Latin American journalism different journalism in the rest of the world. Still, despite these similarities, neither a shared conceptualization nor a homologated operationalization of the profession exists in Latin America.En base a un recorrido histórico de las últimas cinco décadas, este artículo analiza los elementos que hoy definen a la profesión periodística en Latinoamérica. El trabajo se sostiene en las estructuras sociales compartidas por la región, así como en la función de mediación que el periodismo cumple en la construcción de la realidad, proponiendo un modelo que describe los aspectos individuales, organizacionales y sociales que han influido en su desarrollo. Se concluye que los problemas de formación vinculados a la identidad y a la autonomía de la profesión, el valor cultural dado a la carrera profesional, la existencia y alcance de los colegios profesionales, las peculiaridades políticas y económicas, y la gran influencia extranjera ejercida por Europa y EEUU, son los aspectos que diferencian al periodismo latinoamericano del resto del mundo. Sin embargo, se plantea la inexistencia de una conceptualización y operacionalización homologada de la profesión en el sub-continente.
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Tong, Jingrong. "Technology and journalism: ‘Dissolving’ social media content into disaster reporting on three Chinese disasters." International Communication Gazette 79, no. 4 (January 17, 2017): 400–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048516682142.
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This article examines how three Chinese and two British newspapers sourced content from social media in their coverage of the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, the 2013 Ya'an Earthquake, and the 2015 Tianjin Explosion. The media outlets citing of social media content present different patterns in line with their political and commercial interests, ideologies, and journalistic values. Diverse images of the three disasters as revealed on social media (social media reality) were constructed in the newspapers' coverage. Journalists gate-keep information from social media and dissolve it into daily disaster reporting, accepting selected aspects of social media reality but rejecting others. Especially in the case of the Chinese newspapers, meeting the needs of domestic political and commercial interest groups, journalists endorse social media content that is favorable to these groups. In so doing, social media technologies are used and tailored to meet the needs of journalism.
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AşIk, Ozan. "Politics, power, and performativity in the newsroom: an ethnography of television journalism in Turkey." Media, Culture & Society 41, no. 5 (September 14, 2018): 587–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443718799400.
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How do political divisions within the newsroom shape negotiations around news production? This article addresses this question by examining how Turkish journalists, in their discourse and practices, represent Kurds and Arabs when interpreting and discussing current events related to the Kurdish question and the Arab Spring. The study draws upon a year of ethnographic fieldwork, and interviews conducted in 2011 and 2012, in the newsrooms of two mainstream national television channels in Turkey. It reveals how journalists with opposing political beliefs perform their representational practices by continuously modifying them according to the opinions of managerial boards. In negotiations on the portrayal of Kurds and Arabs in news reports, journalists mask or modify ‘undesired’ aspects of their individual interpretations to fit them into a dominant news frame. However, they can also challenge that frame. Based upon the observation of such negotiations, this article advances a novel definition of journalistic performance as a purposeful, strategic, and staged form of symbolic communication: an essential tool for navigating ideological conflicts in the power structure of the newsroom.
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Viktorovich, Matvienko Valentin. "The status of journalism and journalist education in india." Geopolitical, Social Security and Freedom Journal 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/gssfj-2019-0019.
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Abstract Journalistic education in India in the context of booming media sector is a relatively new topic of scientific interest in the Russian Federation. The object of scientific research is vast: it includes a numerous list of problems and specific circumstances of the Indian national level concerning the freedom of journalism as a social institution and consists of fragmentary issues such as the rights of journalists, peculiar properties of journalistic trainings in India and their practical realization. It should be mentioned that journalistic education in India is a peculiar system with its specific structure, concrete goals and traditional objectives.The article is devoted to the analysis of the Indian national system of journalists training and its role in the social and partly “ political environment of the country. As the topic is rather complicated, the author researches different aspects of journalistic education in India: the process of forming the professional ethics, working on the qualification upgrade, communication with the audience and other media workers. After the conducted research the author concludes that despite the improving economic policy of the country and growing role of social responsibility, the Indian journalists are in their mass still poorly qualified on the one hand and the editorial policy doesn’t objectively reflect the kaleidoscopically changing economic and social conjuncture of the country” on the other hand.
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Yu, Xu. "Professionalization without guarantees: Changes of the Chinese press in post-1989 years." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 53, no. 1-2 (February 1994): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001654929405300103.
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Intended to stimulate interest in probing the interrelationship between the press and social change in China, this paper investigates some salient aspects of the changes of the Chinese press in post-1989 years and their implications for journalistic professionalization. It is argued that under the hybrid system of economic freedom and political repression, journalism as a profession, while benefiting from the changing information environment, suffers from persistence in the Maoist press theory and the nation-wide commercialization. It is further argued that press professionalization can hardly be guaranteed unless a more democratic and freer political climate emerges in China.
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Schulz, Philipp. "Examining Male Wartime Rape Survivors’ Perspectives on Justice in Northern Uganda." Social & Legal Studies 29, no. 1 (January 6, 2019): 19–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0964663918822158.
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This article examines how male survivors of wartime sexual violence in Northern Uganda conceptualize justice. Whereas recent years have witnessed increasing consideration for redressing conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence against women, specific attention to justice for male-directed sexual violence remains absent. Drawing on the empirically-grounded perspectives of 46 male survivors, this article incorporates the seldom-heard voices and perspectives of male wartime rape survivors into debates about justice in the context of sexual violence, thereby contributing towards a gender-inclusive and holistic understanding of gender justice debates. The findings underpinning this article demonstrate that male survivors’ justice priorities primarily centre around three interrelated themes: (a) justice as recognition, (b) government acknowledgement and (c) reparative justice. According to male survivors, these three aspects of justice imply the potential to respond to the misrecognition of male survivors’ experiences and to remedy their sexual and gendered harms in a reparative and gender-sensitive capacity.
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Vandenberghe, Frédéric. "FROM JOURNALISM TO CULTURAL SOCIOLOGY (AND BACK VIA PARSONS). AN INTERVIEW WITH JEFFREY ALEXANDER." Sociologia & Antropologia 9, no. 1 (April 2019): 15–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2238-38752019v911.
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Abstract Along with a general introduction to Jeffrey Alexander’s sociology, in which I comment on some of the main lines taken by his sociological output over the years (social theory and metatheory, neofunctionalism, cultural sociology and the political sociology of civil society), I present here an unpublished interview with the author, conducted in October 2014 in Rio de Janeiro. During this interview, we talked about various aspects of his personal and intellectual trajectory, highlighting especially continuities and discontinuities over his theoretical journey, from the revisions of the classics of sociology to his more recent formulations on the civil sphere, passing through the place of the Parsonian legacy in his work.
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MEYER, GITTE. "Scare stories. Or some arguments for providing journalism with a licence to think." European Review 11, no. 1 (February 2003): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798703000073.
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Journalists are often blamed for producing scare stories. It seems to have been forgotten that many, perhaps most, modern scare stories are based on scientific risk calculations, and that journalists are not trained in scaring the wits out of people in that particular way. A more precise accusation might be that journalists are eager, unthinking and unquestioning conveyors of results from scientific risk calculations. Calculation of risk has become an important research product; a product fitting nicely into conventional journalistic storytelling, but the concept of risk tends to dilute value disagreement and conflict of interests into seemingly purely factual issues, leaving little room for political debate. Moreover, the cargo attitude of journalism is in conflict with the journalistic ideal of critical investigation and analysis on behalf of the public to stimulate common deliberation in the public sphere. Apparently, the production of scientific knowledge is excluded from the public sphere. Regarding discussions on science and technology, journalists will have to enquire into aspects of facts, values and social interests to live up to the ideal of investigation on behalf of the public. Several obstacles along this path can be identified, one of them being the commercialization of journalism in the media-industry and of scientific research in the knowledge-industry. Universities, in the search for a meaning of life, might consider providing a home for independent, reflexive journalism on science in a social context.
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Butterfield, Jim, and Ekaterina Levintova. "Academic freedom and international standards in higher education: Contestation in journalism and political science at Moscow State University." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 44, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2011.10.008.
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Recently two new departments, the School of Broadcast Journalism and the Department of Political Science, were created at Moscow State University while leaving the two traditional departments that engendered them intact. The result has been a contestation over academic freedom, standards, and the very definition of both disciplines at Russia’s premier university. The new departments are both closely associated with United Russia, the dominant political party in Russian politics and the political movement designed to promote the priorities and policies of Prime Minister and former President Vladimir Putin. This paper examines the self-definition of each of the four departments by means of open-ended, semi-structured interviews with faculty and content-analytic examination of curricular materials, including syllabi and assigned readings. We conclude that the newer departments are somewhat more attuned to certain aspects of the international standards of both disciplines, but demonstrate little adherence to key ethical and pedagogical norms, leaving them more susceptible to political influence.
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Clark-Kazak, Christina. "The Politics of Formal Schooling in Refugee Contexts: Education, Class, and Decision Making among Congolese in Uganda." Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees 27, no. 2 (January 18, 2012): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.34722.
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Based on ethnographic research with over four hundred Congolese refugees in Kampala and Kyaka II refugee settlement, Uganda, this article interrogates the politics of education—both historically in the Democratic Republic of Congo and currently in migration contexts in Uganda. Formal education was an aspiration for all young people in the study, irrespective of current educational level. Moreover, it is a priority for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and many other organizations working with refugees. Drawing on the experiences and views of Congolese young people, this article analyzes the socio-political importance they accord to formal schooling. It then analyzes the degree to which these political aspects of education are manifested in daily decision-making processes in families, households, communities, and high-level politics. The author concludes with some reflections on how researchers and practitioners working in migration contexts can recognize and take into account the politicized nature of education.
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Thatcher, Ian D. "Leon Trotsky in New York City." Historical Research 69, no. 169 (June 1, 1996): 166–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2281.1996.tb01849.x.
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Abstract The last three months of Leon Trotsky's emigration from tsarist Russia were spent in New York. However, apart from reference to the views he held on events in his homeland, biographers have thus far ignored other aspects of his literary activities of that time. Basing itself upon the Russian émigré journals produced in New York, this article reports the full range of Trotsky's journalism of January to March 1917. It shows, for example, how Trotsky entered the fray of American socialist politics with categories he had developed during the previous three years in Europe, and how he attempted to encourage others to keep America out of the war.
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Snitsarchuk, Lidiya. "Journalistic work of Oleksandr Kovalevskyi in 1910—1939." Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, no. 10(28) (January 2020): 375–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2020-10(28)-27.
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The paper studies the main aspects of creative work of Oleksandr Kovalevskyi (1890-1940?), a journalist, public and political figure, cooperative movement’s activist. Archival documents, particularly correspondence with Volodymyr Koroliv-Staryi, M.Yeremijiv, V. Pisniachevskyi, A.Nikovskyi revealed numerous facts about his cooperation with periodicals. The author of the article estimates his judgements on journalism, its role and tasks as well as the features of regional press as notably actual. The author analyses the way Kovalevskyi treated periodicals’ content, way of providing discussions in press, and how to illuminate the key issues of the day. The autobiographical component is being prized as the main feature of Kovalevskyi’ publications. His writings on social and political topics were enriched with bygone parallels illustrating his political views’ transformation, his established feelings on certain life conflicts. The past was strongly incorporated into his memory. The author found out that journalistic heritage of Oleksandr Kovalevsky had never been accumulated and analyzed, especially his journalistic skills and features of texts architectonics etc. A complex study of journalist’s activity, especially his talent after observing problems that persecuted the Ukrainians to single out the main one and explainit in details, would help future journalists in forming their professional skills and restoring historical events. Besides, it would assist deep understanding of current social and political processes and upheavals. Keywords: Oleksandr Kovalevskyi, journalism, editor, publicist, Ukrainian press.
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Joanna Bar. "East African Communities (1967-1978, 1999-) and their Activity for Political Stability of the Region." Politeja 15, no. 56 (June 18, 2019): 247–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.15.2018.56.14.
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The East African Community (EAC) is a regional intergovernmental organisation founded on 30 November 1999, including such member states as Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. The EAC was meant as the reactivation and expansion of an earlier organisation founded in 1967 by Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Unlike its predecessor (which collapsed in 1978), not only has the contemporary Community been operating stably for almost 20 years, but it has also proved to be successful in improving the economic growth of its member states. Simultaneously, it supports the internal and national security of individual member states and the stability of the entire region. In recent years, the stabilisation capabilities of the Community have been tested through the accession of South Sudan, a country driven by a domestic conflict. Republic of South Sudan contributes not only rich crude oil deposits and water resources, but also a heavy burden of political issues in the form of both domestic conflicts and unresolved international problems such as a border conflict with the Republic of (north) Sudan. Successful economic cooperation may, however, reduce poverty and boost the development of South Sudan, both with regard to its economy and within the social and political aspects. This, in turn, may translate into good governance and the formation of a civil society.
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Willis, Justin, Gabrielle Lynch, and Nic Cheeseman. "“A valid electoral exercise”? Uganda's 1980 Elections and the Observers’ Dilemma." Comparative Studies in Society and History 59, no. 1 (January 2017): 211–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001041751600058x.
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AbstractThe presence at Uganda's 1980 general elections of a Commonwealth Observer Group might be seen as a seminal moment. This was the first formal international observation of polls in a sovereign African state and the precursor of multiple similar missions that later became routine. Yet the 1980 mission sits uneasily in the history of election observation. The observers endorsed the results despite evidence of malpractice, and Uganda plunged into civil war within months. Internationally, the mission is now either forgotten or treated as an embarrassment. Within Uganda, it has been denounced as part of an outsider conspiracy to foist an unwanted president on an unwilling people. This article argues that the 1980 mission was neither entirely seminal nor an aberration, and that both the elections and observation were driven partly by actors within Uganda rather than simply imposed by outsiders. The availability of UK government records allows us to see the events of 1980 as a particularly clear example of a recurring “observers’ dilemma.” Ideally, elections combine democracy and state-building. They offer people a choice as to who will lead or represent them, and at the same time they assert through performance a crucial distinction between a capable, ordering state and a law-abiding citizenry. Yet these two aspects of elections may be in tension; a poll that offers little or no real choice may still perform “stateness” through substantial, orderly public participation. When that happens in what would now be called a “fragile state,” should international observers denounce the results?
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Polus, Andrzej, and Wojciech Tycholiz. "Why is it Taking so Long? Solving the Oil Extraction Equation in Uganda." African and Asian Studies 15, no. 1 (May 23, 2016): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341357.
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During the past decade, Uganda has become one of the world’s fastest-growing economies, but the country’s development needs have not yet been met, and the government’s revenue sources are less than sufficient to satisfy them. Therefore, when oil was discovered in 2006, hopes were raised regarding Uganda’s future, since the oil money could provide substantial funds enabling a transformation of the country. According to the latest figures, Uganda has 6.5 billion barrels of oil, which makes the country the third-largest oil holder in the ssa region (after Nigeria and Angola). Unfortunately, even though almost a decade has passed since the first oil was struck, production figures have remained at zero. Given the huge needs of Ugandan society and political rhetoric of Uganda as a developmental state, it is perplexing that it is taking so long to start extracting oil in the country. The major objective of this paper is to identify and analyse major causes of oil production delays (underdevelopment of infrastructure, environmental aspects, disputes with international oil companies, legal framework adjustments, and above all vast patronage network) as well as to contribute to a better understanding of recent dynamics in the Ugandan oil sector.
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Tejedor, Santiago, Marta Portalés-Oliva, Ricardo Carniel-Bugs, and Laura Cervi. "Journalism Students and Information Consumption in the Era of Fake News." Media and Communication 9, no. 1 (March 3, 2021): 338–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v9i1.3516.
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Technological platforms, such as social media, are disrupting traditional journalism, as a result the access to high-quality information by citizens is facing important challenges, among which, disinformation and the spread of fake news are the most relevant one. This study approaches how journalism students perceive and assess this phenomenon. The descriptive and exploratory research is based on a hybrid methodology: Two matrix surveys of students and a focus group of professors (n = 6), experts in Multimedia Journalism. The first survey (n = 252), focused on students’ perception of fake news, the second (n = 300) aims at finding out the type of content they had received during the recent confinement caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Results show that most of the students prefer online media as a primary source of information instead of social media. Students consider that politics is the main topic of fake news, which, according to the respondents, are mainly distributed by adult users through social networks. The vast majority believe that fake news are created for political interests and a quarter of the sample considers that there is a strong ideological component behind disinformation strategies. Nonetheless, the study also reveals that students do not trust in their ability to distinguish between truthful and false information. For this reason, this research concludes, among other aspects, that the promotion of initiatives and research to promote media literacy and news literacy are decisive in the training of university students.
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Montgomery, Lorna, and Valerie Owen-Pugh. "Therapeutic interventions for bereavement: Learning from Ugandan therapists." International Social Work 61, no. 6 (March 7, 2017): 988–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872817695396.
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This article contributes to the development of indigenous knowledge around therapeutic interventions for bereavement in non-western settings. Interventions are explored through 18 qualitative interviews with indigenous therapists in the Sub-Saharan African country of Uganda. Aspects of the therapeutic process are examined along with clients’ presenting problem and the ways in which clients make sense of their loss and express their grief. Ugandan therapists identified contradictions between their indigenous practices and western assumptions embedded in bereavement counselling theory and practice. These indigenous accounts indicate ways in which existing therapeutic approaches might best be modified for use in non-western and pluralistic societies.
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Ssenyonjo, Manisuli. "The Domestic Protection and Promotion of Human Rights under the 1995 Ugandan Constitution." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 20, no. 4 (December 2002): 445–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016934410202000404.
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This article examines the domestic constitutional framework for protection and promotion of human rights in Uganda. It considers the historical evolution of Uganda's Bill of Rights in the context of Uganda's history, which has been characterised by gross human rights violations. It observes that in 1986 Museveni under his ‘Movement’ or ‘no-party’ government declared a period of ‘fundamental change’, but argues that despite some positive aspects, the change as related to the protection and promotion of human rights has been far from being ‘fundamental’. It contends that, although the 1995 Ugandan Constitution attempts to protect human rights, the constitutional restrictions on civil and political rights and the relegation of most economic and social rights as ‘directive principles' coupled with elastic executive powers together with the ‘no-party’ political system undermine the effective protection and promotion of civil, political as well as economic, social and cultural rights. The article concludes by calling for a democratic constitutional reform representative of all interest groups, judicial activism on the part of the Ugandan Judiciary and Human Rights Commission and developing a culture of constitutionalism in Uganda to give effect to the indivisible and interdependent nature of all human rights in accordance with Uganda's international human rights obligations as a State party to the two international human rights covenants on civil and political as well as economic, social and cultural rights.
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Humphreys, Lee. "Birthdays, anniversaries, and temporalities: Or how the past is represented as relevant through on-this-date media." New Media & Society 22, no. 9 (September 2020): 1663–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444820914874.
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This article explores the mediatization of birthdays and anniversaries through the concept of “on-this-date” media as a way to understand the representation and circulation of media content that occurred in previous years, on that exact date. Drawing on journalism studies and mediated memory work, I argue that past events are made relevant and then irrelevant through a frame of on-this-date media. By juxtaposing Facebook Birthdays and Memories with the Associated Press’s “Today In History” feed, I analyze the multiple temporalities at work across analog and digital media platforms. Drawing on Keightley’s zones of intermediacy, I examine how time is mediated through the textual, technological, and social aspects of media, in sometimes conflicting ways. Thus, this article seeks to contribute to our understanding of mediatization by examining how media institutions structure, organize, and represent mediated temporalities.
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Anderson, C. W. "Practice, Interpretation, and Meaning in Today’s Digital Media Ecosystem." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 97, no. 2 (June 2020): 342–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077699020916807.
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Historically, scholars of journalism have concerned themselves with meaning. It is ironic, then, that much of the most influential scholarship on digital media over the past two decades has concerned itself primarily with media practices. This line of thought was inaugurated by Couldry’s call to “decenter media research from the study of media texts or production structures and to redirect it onto the study of the open-ended range of practices.” This article uses research on journalism and digital political communication as a case study through which to assess the balance of gains and losses stemming from the practice turn and propose some paths forward for future scholarship. Across this article, I argue that alternate perspectives on practice (as found, for instance, in the work of the late James W. Carey) can recenter the very valuable research on media practice through a focus on the ritualized aspects of media practice, a concern with very real media texts, and by remembering that texts are not free-floating pieces of culture but are rather embedded in historically specific mediums which are only partially reducible to practice.
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Gazda, Jiří. "Online Comments as a Tool of Intercultural (Russian–Czech) “Anti-Dialog”." Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics 12, no. 1 (July 30, 2018): 100–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jnmlp-2018-0006.
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Abstract This study presents a content and qualitative discourse analysis of readers’ comments made on Czech journalism on sociopolitical topics published in Russian translation at InoSMI.ru. Following the tradition of ethnomethodology, which examines the formation of subjective views of the world from the viewpoint of the general population, the interpretation of the examined discourse focuses on analyzing the verbal attitudes of regular Russian readers of political journalism toward the opinions of the Czech public on the current-day Russia and toward Czechs and the Czech Republic in general. Specifically, the study examined the expressions of intolerance toward the opinions of others and linguistic aggression on the part of the Russian-speaking commenters toward the authors of critical Czech journalism as natural and instinctive dismissive reactions to “different” or hostile language and cultural and ideological expressions. The study is based on language data acquired by analyzing readers’ comments left on a total of 45 Russian translations of Czech journalistic writings published between January and September 2016 on 12 different Czech websites. The qualitative, critical analysis of the linguistic material is based on a sociocognitive approach, which assumes a dialectical relationship between the discourse and society operating through cognitive structures (knowledge and ideology). The aim of this study was to highlight the negative aspects of unsanctioned public sociopolitical discourse, which is currently made possible and accelerated by technology advances of the Internet network and, at a time of a de facto information war, contributes to the spread of negativistic and hostile attitudes and sentiments, rather than to a genuine intercultural dialog.
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Molloy, Molly. "Book Review: Latinos and Criminal Justice: An Encyclopedia." Reference & User Services Quarterly 56, no. 1 (September 23, 2016): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.56n1.61a.
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This new reference work brings together a wealth of information from more than thirty scholars hitherto available only in a widely scattered array of academic literature, journalism, and government reports dealing with various aspects of the intersection of Latina/o peoples and the US criminal justice system. In the editor’s introduction, José Luis Morín states the need to fill this information void. While called “an encyclopedia,” this work is less a traditional A-Z reference source and more a collection of themed essays that thoroughly explore various subjects reflecting the most current research and analysis of issues that encompass scholarship in law, political science, ethnic and gender studies, as well as criminology and sociology.
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Beklemisheva, Maria M. "Тhe Russian publicist Alexandre Baschmakoff on the Macedonian question in letters and journalism (1899)." Slavic Almanac, no. 1-2 (2021): 33–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2021.1-2.1.03.
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The article studies the views of the Slavophile Alexandre Baschmakoff on the essence and solution of the «Macedonian question» in 1899 developed in his book «Bulgaria and Macedonia» and archival letters to Count N. P. Ignatiev, the latter for the first time used as a historical source. Special aspects of the representation of facts in Baschmakoff’s book and letters are highlighted. In addition the author documents the unofficial manner of his trip. It is shown that Baschmakoff sought to reach Macedonia by the time of the alleged general uprising and become a mediator between the rebels and official Russia. One of the main sources of information about the political situation in the region for him during the trip were testimonies of Bulgarian oppositionists, while his concept of ethnic composition in Macedonia was based on his own observations. The main attention in the work is paid to Baschmakoff’s ideas about the necessary Russian foreign policy course in Bulgaria and Macedonia in 1899: in his opinion, the goal of Russian diplomacy should have been an establishment of autonomy in Macedonia avoiding war and an active foreign policy course towards the Balkans.
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شكر محمود, خولة. "A Stylistic Analysis of Adjectives in Selected Political and Religious Speeches." Al-Adab Journal 1, no. 122 (December 9, 2018): 17–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31973/aj.v1i122.232.
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Politicians and religious figures usually rely heavily on their linguistic abilities to persuade their audience with their allegations because only through language can they shape their audience thoughts. Since adjectives play an important role in enriching the text, the current study is an attempt to explore their usage in selected political and religious speeches. It tackles three main aspects: first, whether the adjectives occupy attributive or predicative position. Second, whether they describe concrete or abstract nouns. Third, whether comparative or superlative degrees are used or not.
The first speech was delivered by the American president John F. Kennedy in Rice stadium on September 12, 1962. The second speech was delivered by an eminent religious American figure, Dr. Carl F. H. Henry, at the closing banquet of the world Journalism Institute in Asheville on August 20,1999.
Data analysis shows that attributive adjectives are used more than predicatives in the speeches under study. As far as the concrete and abstract adjectives are concerned, the abstract adjectives are more common than concrete adjectives in both speeches but Kennedy prefers concrete adjectives more than Dr. Carl. Concerning the comparative and the superlatives degrees, Kennedy uses more the comparatives and superlatives than Dr. Carl.