Journal articles: 'JT9D'

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Langston, Lee S. "Mounting Troubles." Mechanical Engineering 133, no. 03 (March 1, 2011): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2011-mar-6.

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This article analyzes the problems encountered in developing the first jumbo jet, the Boeing 747. In the 1960s, the jumbo jet—a wide-body aircraft with two aisles and up to 10 seats per row—was the logical next step in the progression of the airliner. For the Pratt & Whitney JT9D, which was causing the 747 trouble, the engine skin casing was both bending and ovalizing—exhibiting non-circular distortion—under thrust loading that could be as high as 43,500 pounds on takeoff. The ovalizing distortion resulted in turbine and compressor blade rubbing against the interior of the engine case and necessitated power-robbing increases in blade tip clearance gaps. The result was a serious reduction in thrust, and increased fuel consumption as much as 7 percent above guaranteed rates. Boeing chose to mount the JT9D engines well forward of the 747 wing leading edges. The successful resolution of ovalization problems encountered in mounting the JT9D to the first Boeing 747s has provided guidance for future installations of large fan commercial jet engines.

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Oruc, Ridvan, and Tolga Baklacioglu. "Propulsive modelling for JT9D-3, JT15D-4C and TF-30 turbofan engines using particle swarm optimization." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 92, no. 6 (May 21, 2020): 939–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-02-2020-0031.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to create high-accuracy thrust modelling for cruise flight using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Design/methodology/approach In this study, using PSO, new thrust models with high accuracy for the cruise flight stages of Pratt & Whitney JT9D-3, JT15D-4C and TF-30 engines were created. For this aim, real Mach number, flight altitude and thrust values taken from the engine manufacturers were used. In the model, thrust is given as a function of altitude and Mach number. The sensitivity of the results given by the PSO thrust model has been examined using several different error types. Finally, the effect of some PSO parameters on the created models is examined. Findings It was observed that the model created predicted real thrust values with high precision. Practical implications The PSO thrust model can be used in the trajectory estimates of today’s aircraft with the use of accurate scaling factors. In addition, using the developed PSO thrust model together with a correct aerodynamic model provides more effective management of air traffic flow in air traffic management applications. Combining the PSO model with fuel flow-rate models will significantly increase engine efficiency and performance; thus, making a major contribution to reducing engine emissions. Originality/value The originality of this study is that it is the first thrust modelling made with PSO in the literature for turbofan engines. The use of real data in the study and the creation of models for several different turbofan engines are important for the reliability of thrust models.

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Langston, Lee S. "Gems of Turbine Efficiency." Mechanical Engineering 136, no. 09 (September 1, 2014): 76–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/9.2014-sep-9.

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This article discusses the use of turbine single-crystal blades in gas turbines. Single-crystal turbine blades were first used in military engines on Pratt’s F100 engine, which powered the F16 and F15 fighter aircrafts. Their first commercial use was on P&WA’s JT9D-7R4 engine, which received FAA certification in 1982, powering Boeing’s 767 and the Airbus A310. In jet engines, single-crystal turbine airfoils have proven to have as much as nine times more relative life in terms of creep strength and thermal fatigue resistance and over three times more relative life for corrosion resistance, when compared to equiaxed crystal counterparts. Modern high turbine inlet temperature jet engines with long life would not be possible without the use of single-crystal turbine airfoils. By eliminating grain boundaries, single-crystal airfoils have longer thermal and fatigue life, are more corrosion resistant, can be cast with thinner walls, and have a higher melting temperature. These improvements all contribute to higher gas turbine thermal efficiencies.

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Baklacioglu, Tolga. "Propulsive Modeling for TF-30 and JT9D-3 Turbofan Engines of Transport Aircraft by Using Genetic Algorithms and Neural Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 885–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.885.

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Not only for aircraft performance calculations and trajectory predictions but also for air traffic management simulation tools and operational equipment, accomplishment of an accurate propulsive model for transport aircraft has a crucial priority and is a remarkable topic for aircraft industry. In the literature, there are very few propulsive modeling studies; furthermore, the demand for an accurate thrust model still remains unfulfilled. In this study, a new turbofan engine propulsive model determining the relationship between thrust, flight altitude, and Mach number was developed by using genetic algorithms (GAs) method and multilayer feed-forward neural networks (FNNs) utilizing Levenberg-Marquardt (LM), delta-bar-delta (DBD), and conjugate gradient (CG) learning algorithms. Estimated thrust values by the derived models showed a good fitting with actual thrust data for both models, which validated each model’s accuracy.

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Gede Suarna Apkara, Dewa Ngakan, and Lilis Esti riyanti. "RANCANGAN ALAT KHUSUS PELEPAS FRONT ACCESSORY SUPPORT ENGINE JT8D-15 DI PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK PESAWAT UDARA SEKOLAH TINGGI PENERBANGAN INDONESIA." AIRMAN: Jurnal Teknik dan Keselamatan Transportasi 1, no. 2 (June 15, 2020): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.46509/ajtkt.v1i2.22.

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Engine JT8D-15 merupakan gas turbine engine dengan tipe turbofan. sebagai media praktik taruna dalam melakukan pengecekan dan perawatan. Dikarenakan tidak adanya alat pelepas front accessory support untuk engine JT8D-15 di Hangar 01 Program Studi Teknik Pesawat Udara maka penulis membuat alat pelepas front accessory support untuk engine JT8D-15. Gambaran umum untuk melepas front accessory support pada engine JT8D-15 dengan metode penarikan memanfaatkan beban yang diaplikasikan oleh palu luncur. Pertama adalah memastikan bahwa rancangan alat mampu digunakan dalam pelepasan front accessory support engine JT8D-15, dilanjutkan dengan pemilihan material yang sesuai dalam perancangan. Tahapan ketiga dilakukan pemilihan ulir silinder dan poros palu luncur. Sehingga didapat dimensi rancangan yang diinginkan. Dan yang terakhir, memastikan bahwa sambungan las dapat menahan tegangan gunting yang terjadi pada rancangan alat khusus. Hasil rancangan ini diharapkan dapat membantu pelaksanaan praktik taruna pada praktik gasturbine engine saat pelepasan front accessory support engine JT8D-15. Dari hasil perancangan didapat rancangan yang kuat dan dapat melepas front accessory support engine JT8D-15.

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Ngakan Suara Apkara, Dewa, and Lilis Esti Riyanti. "Rancangan Alat Khusus Pelepas Front Accessory Support Engine Jt8d-15 di Program Studi Teknik Pesawat Udara." AIRMAN: Jurnal Teknik dan Keselamatan Transportasi 2, no. 1 (June 25, 2019): 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.46509/ajtk.v2i1.113.

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Engine JT8D-15 merupakan gas turbine engine dengan tipe turbofan. Sebagai media praktik taruna dalam melakukanpengecekan dan perawatan. Dikarenakan tidak adanya alat pelepas front accessory support untuk engine JT8D-15 diHangar 01 Program Studi Teknik Pesawat Udara maka penulis membuat alat pelepas front accessory support untuk engine JT8D-15. Gambaran umum untuk melepas front accessory support pada engine JT8D-15 dengan metode penarikanmemanfaatkan beban yang diaplikasikan oleh palu luncur. Pertama adalah memastikan bahwa rancangan alat mampudigunakan dalam pelepasan front accessory support engine JT8D-15, dilanjutkan dengan pemilihan material yang sesuai dalam perancangan. Tahapan ketiga dilakukan pemilihan ulir silinder dan poros palu luncur. Sehingga didapat dimensi rancanganyang diinginkan. Dan yang terakhir, memastikan bahwa sambungan las dapat menahan tegangan gunting yang terjadi padarancangan alat khusus. Hasil rancangan ini diharapkan dapat membantu pelaksanaan praktik taruna pada praktik gasturbineengine saat pelepasan front accessory support engine JT8D-15. Dari hasil perancangan didapat rancangan yang kuat dan dapatmelepas front accessory support engine JT8D-15.

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Kalbach, Jim. "Maximize business impact with JTBD." Interactions 26, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3292021.

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Eayrs, Steve, Nguyen Phong Hai, and Janet Ley. "Assessment of a juvenile and trash excluder device in a Vietnamese shrimp trawl fishery." ICES Journal of Marine Science 64, no. 8 (October 8, 2007): 1598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsm123.

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Abstract Eayrs, S., Hai, N. P., and Ley, J. 2007. Assessment of a juvenile and trash excluder device in a Vietnamese shrimp trawl fishery. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 1598–1602. In this study, we (i) identified why Vietnamese shrimp fishers land juvenile fish illegally; (ii) identified groups of fishers that would use a bycatch reduction device (BRD) to exclude these fish; (iii) studied the hydrodynamic performance of a juvenile and trash excluder device (JTED) in a flume tank; and (iv) assessed the performance of this device under commercial fishing conditions. Based on the responses of 65 fishers to a questionnaire, we found that juvenile fish are now an important economic component of the total catch, and that fishers operating larger boats were more willing to use a JTED to exclude these fish than fishers operating smaller boats. The hydrodynamic study of a JTED identified the location of low-velocity regions around the device and codend, and this information can be used to identify the location of a secondary BRD to allow more fish to escape. The at-sea assessment of this device found that 73% of juvenile fish, 16% of valuable fish, and 8% of shrimp were excluded by the JTED, although most valuable fish and shrimp were smaller than the minimum legal landing size. Overall, this loss represents a 9% reduction in revenue. Yield-per-recruit analysis indicated that this could be offset by not catching fish less than the minimum legal landing size.

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Vitale, Sergio, Giacomo Milisenda, Michele Gristina, Pasquale Baiata, Sara Bonanomi, Francesco Colloca, Vita Gancitano, Danilo Scannela, Fabio Fiorentino, and Antonello Sala. "Towards more selective Mediterranean trawl fisheries: are juveniles and trash excluder devices effective tools for reducing undersized catches?" Scientia Marina 82, S1 (December 20, 2018): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04751.28a.

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Mediterranean trawl fisheries are characterized by a critical combination of high fishing effort and low size at first capture for most commercial species. In this study we tested the use of sorting grids installed on bottom trawl nets to minimize the catch of undersized deep-water rose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris, DPS) and European hake (Merluccius merluccius, HKE). The catch of a traditional trawl net was compared with that obtained with the same net equipped with ad hoc designed juveniles and trash excluder devices (JTEDs) during an experimental survey. Three different JTEDs were tested: the first (G1-SM40) was built with a net of 40-mm square mesh; the second (G2-ST20) and third (G3-ST25) with vertical steel bars spaced 20 and 25 mm, respectively. The probability of retaining DPS and HKE by length class in trawl nets with and without JTED was analysed using generalized additive mixed models. With G1-SM40, the reduction of undersized individuals in the cod-end was about 60% and 44% for DPS and HKE, respectively. With G2-ST20, a 34% catch decrease of HKE individuals smaller than 20 cm total length was observed. A loss of marketable fractions of DPS was recorded with G1-SM40 (–25%) and G2-ST20 (30%). Finally, JTD G3-ST25 was efficient at reducing the catch of undersized specimens of DPS and HKE, but showed a higher loss of marketable fractions than the other JTEDs. Although further fishing trials would be required to maximize the sorting efficiency of the grids, the results obtained clearly indicated that grids can substantially reduce unwanted catches of undersized DPS and HKE in Mediterranean bottom trawl fisheries.

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Dunn, M. G., A. J. Baran, and J. Miatech. "Operation of Gas Turbine Engines in Volcanic Ash Clouds." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 118, no. 4 (October 1, 1996): 724–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816987.

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Results are reported for a technology program designed to determine the behavior of gas turbine engines when operating in particle-laden clouds. There are several ways that such clouds may be created, i.e., explosive volcanic eruption, sand storm, military conflict, etc. The response of several different engines, among them the Pratt & Whitney JT3D turbofan, the Pratt & Whitney J57 turbojet, a Pratt & Whitney engine of the JT9 vintage, and an engine of the General Electric CF6 vintage has been determined. The particular damage mode that will be dominant when an engine experiences a dust cloud depends upon the particular engine (the turbine inlet temperature at which the engine is operating when it encounters the dust cloud), the concentration of foreign material in the cloud, and the constituents of the foreign material (the respective melting temperature of the various constituents). Further, the rate at which engine damage will occur depends upon all of the factors given above, and the damage is cumulative with continued exposure. An important part of the Calspan effort has been to identify environmental warning signs and to determine which of the engine parameters available for monitoring by the flight crew can provide an early indication of impending difficulty. On the basis of current knowledge, if one knows the location of a particle-laden cloud, then that region should be avoided. However, if the cloud location is unknown, which is generally the case, then it is important to know how to recognize when an encounter has occurred and to understand how to operate safely, which is another part of the Calspan effort.

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Chung, Tsz Kin, and Yue Kuen Kwok. "Equity-credit modeling under affine jump-diffusion models with jump-to-default." Journal of Financial Engineering 01, no. 02 (June 2014): 1450017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345768614500172.

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This paper considers the stochastic models for pricing credit-sensitive financial derivatives using the joint equity-credit modeling approach. The modeling of credit risk is embedded into a stochastic asset dynamics model by adding the jump-to-default (JtD) feature. We discuss the class of stochastic affine jump-diffusion (AJD) models with JtD and apply the models to price defaultable European options and credit default swaps. Numerical studies of the equity-credit models are also considered. The impact on the pricing behavior of derivative products with the added JtD feature is examined.

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Ludlow, Emma J., Simone Vassiliadis, Piyumi N. Ekanayake, Inoka K. Hettiarachchige, Priyanka Reddy, Tim I. Sawbridge, Simone J. Rochfort, German C. Spangenberg, and Kathryn M. Guthridge. "Analysis of the Indole Diterpene Gene Cluster for Biosynthesis of the Epoxy-Janthitrems in Epichloë Endophytes." Microorganisms 7, no. 11 (November 13, 2019): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7110560.

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Epoxy-janthitrems are a class of indole diterpenes with structural similarity to lolitrem B. Two taxa of asexual Epichloë endophytes have been reported to produce epoxy-janthitrems, LpTG-3 (Lolium perenne Taxonomic Group 3; e.g., NEA12) and LpTG-4 (e.g., E1). Epichloë epoxy-janthitrems are not well understood, the biosynthetic pathway and associated gene complement have not been described and while the literature suggests they are associated with superior protection against pasture insect pests and are tremorgenic in grazing mammals, these properties have not been confirmed using isolated and purified compounds. Whole genome sequence analysis was used to identify candidate genes for epoxy-janthitrem biosynthesis that are unique to epoxy-janthitrem producing strains of Epichloë. A gene, jtmD, was identified with homology to aromatic prenyl transferases involved in synthesis of indole diterpenes. The location of the epoxy-janthitrem biosynthesis gene cluster (JTM locus) was determined in the assembled nuclear genomes of NEA12 and E1. The JTM locus contains cluster 1 and cluster 2 of the lolitrem B biosynthesis gene cluster (LTM locus), as well as four genes jtmD, jtmO, jtm01, and jtm02 that are unique to Epichloë spp. that produce epoxy-janthitrems. Expression of each of the genes identified was confirmed using transcriptome analysis of perennial ryegrass-NEA12 and perennial ryegrass-E1 symbiota. Sequence analysis confirmed the genes are functionally similar to those involved in biosynthesis of related indole diterpene compounds. RNAi silencing of jtmD and in planta assessment in host-endophyte associations confirms the role of jtmD in epoxy-janthitrem production. Using LCMS/MS technologies, a biosynthetic pathway for the production of epoxy-janthitrems I–IV in Epichloë endophytes is proposed.

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Kampil, Primadika. "THE EFFECT OF BLEED WATER ON JT8D-15 ENGINE PERFORMANCE IN CRUISING CONDITION." Vortex 1, no. 1 (August 17, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.28989/vortex.v1i1.715.

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Bleed air is an affected component of the performances engine. Bleed air is pressurized air taken from the compressor. On cruising condition, the bleed air is used for pressurization and AC (Air Conditioner). Because the decrease percentage of the pressure on the compressor, it will influence the value of other parameters. In this journal, the author discusses the effect of bleed air on JT8D-15 engine performance in cruising condition. The method used in this journal is Parametric Cycle Analysis of Real Engine through manual and numerical calculation methods. This research analyzed the performance of engine JT8D-15 within bleed air on and bleed air off condition which had been affected by variations of cruising altitude. The results of calculations from JT8D-15 engine performance and the effect of bleed air for thrust are higher when the aircraft's altitude rises, both in the bleed off and on condition. The values are at the altitude of 27000 ft, 31000 ft and 35000 ft when bleed on are 10638,668 lb, 10954,356 lb, 11266,251 lb, otherwise when bleed off are 10964,851 lb, 11278,715 lb, 11588,257 lb. SFC (specific fuel consumption) on bleed off has a lower value than the SFC value of bleed on.

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Cowie, James. "JTED: parallel discrete-event simulation in Java." Concurrency: Practice and Experience 10, no. 11-13 (September 1998): 993–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9128(199809/11)10:11/13<993::aid-cpe405>3.0.co;2-c.

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Dicpinigaitis, Peter. "Introduction to JTD Cough Section." Journal of Thoracic Disease 8, no. 3 (March 2016): 631. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2016.02.72.

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Song, Woo-Jung. "Introduction to JTD Cough Section." Journal of Thoracic Disease 11, no. 12 (December 2019): 5601–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2019.12.22.

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Turan, Onder, Hakan Aydın, T. Hikmet Karakoc, and Adnan Midilli. "Some Exergetic Measures of a JT8D Turbofan Engine." Journal of Automation and Control Engineering 2, no. 2 (2014): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12720/joace.2.2.110-114.

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Rekasih, Monita, Tjahja Muhandri, Mega Safithri, and Christofora Hanny Wijaya. "Antihyperglycemic Activity of Java Tea-Based Functional Drink-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticle in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats." HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 28, no. 3 (August 25, 2021): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.4308/hjb.28.3.212.

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Functional drinks containing the leaves of Java tea has been shown to offer many health functionalities, particularly to lower blood glucose levels, due to its bioactive compounds. Nanoencapsulation technology was reported being able to protect these bioactive compounds and also enhance their bioavailability. This study examined the use of nanoencapsulation techniques to improve the bioavailability of Java tea-based functional effervescent drink and enhance its antihyperglycemic activity. Three versions were prepared in this study: ready to drink (RTD) as the control, microencapsulated, and nanoencapsulated. They were all measured for their total phenolic content (TPC) before being tested for their antihyperglycemic activity. The TPC of RTD, microencapsulated, and nanoencapsulated Java tea-based functional drinks (JTFD) were 998,425, 735,433, and 663,517 ppm, respectively. The antihyperglycemic activities were evaluated by feeding each beverage to streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats for fourteen days. Nanoencapsulated JTFD was found to be more superior than the other two formulations to decrease the blood glucose level (7.98%), maintain the feed intake, body weight, improve the viability of Langerhans and beta-cells by 49.09%, 32.50%, respectively.

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Zhang, Junfeng (Jim). "Introduction to JTD Air Pollution Section." Journal of Thoracic Disease 9, no. 9 (September 2017): 3410–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2017.09.53.

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Monhardt, R. J., J. H. Richardson, and J. M. Boettcher. "Design and Testing of the FT8 Gas Turbine Low-Pressure Compressor." Journal of Turbomachinery 112, no. 2 (April 1, 1990): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2927628.

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This paper presents a discussion of the design and test phases of the Low-Pressure Compressor (LPC) used in the FT8 Gas Turbine. Design objectives, including efficiency, durability, and stall margin goals, are covered along with actual test results indicating successful accomplishment of these objectives. Unique features of the test program and an overview of the FT8 Gas Generator in comparison to the JT8D Aircraft Engine are also presented.

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Petschow, Herbert P. H. "Ein Fall von strafbarer falscher Anschuldigung aus dem 3. Jtsd. v. Chr." Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte: Romanistische Abteilung 105, no. 1 (August 1, 1988): 664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/zrgra.1988.105.1.664.

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Kimura, Naohiro, Kazuo Kurokawa, Kei-ichi Yamamoto, Hisashi Narimatsu, Hirohisa Kimura, Tetsuo Hosoya, and Hiroshi Takeyama. "Molecular Identification of the Antigens Recognized by Monoclonal Antibody JT95 Specific for Thyroid Carcinomas." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 251, no. 2 (October 1998): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1998.9419.

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Prajwowski, Konrad, and Wawrzyniec Gołębiewski. "ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ENGINE POWER FIAT 1.3 JTD." Journal of KONES. Powertrain and Transport 21, no. 2 (May 23, 2014): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12314005.1133903.

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Wawer, Tomasz, Tadeusz Dąbrowski, and Marcin Bednarek. "Reliability Analysis of Radioamateur Communication." Journal of KONBiN 37, no. 1 (July 1, 2016): 253–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jok-2016-0012.

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Abstract The following article describes diagnostic and reliability aspects of amateur radio communications. The intention of precise measuring of quality and accuracy of every contact was present in ham radio from very beginning. The reports were sent and they are still used today, in many variants. In time, the tools to measure ionosphere state and propagation conditions emerged. They are fundamental for communication, especially long distance ones. The article concentrates on description of digital amateur mode, JT9. This mode is very effective, enables worldwide reach and requires simple tools.

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Turan, Onder, and Hakan Aydin. "Exergy-based Sustainability Analysis of a Low-bypass Turbofan Engine: A Case Study for JT8D." Energy Procedia 95 (September 2016): 499–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.09.075.

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Sun, Shi Yuan, Chun Hong Fu, and Xiao Ying Wei. "Influence of Plasma Treatment on Size Adhesion Strength to Raw Cotton Yarns." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 1373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.1373.

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This study systematically investigated how helium and oxygen (He/O2) atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) treatment influences the size adhesion strength (SAS) to the cotton yarn. Results show that the SAS increases with the treatment time from 0 to 18 s then decreases until 24s. The SAS has a decreasing trend when the jet to sample distance (JTSD) goes up from 1.5 to 6.0 mm and it increases with the rising of O2 flux from 0.1 to 0.3 L/min then decreases until 0.45 L/min. For samples with different moisture regains (MRs) of 0.5%, 9.3% and 26.3%, the SAS decreases as the MR rises up. SEM and XPS analyses show that APPJ treated samples have roughened surfaces and are introduced polar bonds such as COH, C=O and OC=O. Cotton fibers with lower MRs are more efficiently etched and more polar bonds are imparted by the APPJ treatment.

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Wright, Jessica, Alexis Foster, Cindy Cooper, Kirsty Sprange, Stephen Walters, Katherine Berry, Esme Moniz-Cook, et al. "Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial assessing the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the Journeying through Dementia (JtD) intervention compared to usual care." BMJ Open 9, no. 9 (September 2019): e029207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029207.

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IntroductionServices are being encouraged to provide postdiagnostic treatment to those with dementia but the availability of evidence-based interventions following diagnosis has not kept pace with increase in demand. To address this need, the Journeying through Dementia (JtD) intervention was created. A randomised controlled trial (RCT), based on a pilot study, is in progress.Methods and analysisThe RCT is a pragmatic, two-arm, parallel group trial designed to test the clinical and cost-effectiveness of JtD compared with usual care. Recruitment will be through NHS services, third sector organisations and Join Dementia Research. The sample size is 486 randomised (243 to usual care and 243 to the intervention usual care). Participants can choose to ask a friend or relative (supporter) to become involved in the study. The primary outcome measure for participants is Dementia-Related Quality of Life (DEMQOL), collected at baseline and at 8 months’ postrandomisation. Secondary outcome measures will be collected from participants and supporters at those visits. Participants will also be followed up at 12 months’ postrandomisation with a reduced set of measures. A process evaluation will be conducted through qualitative and fidelity substudies. Analyses will compare the two arms of the trial on an intention to treat as allocated basis. The primary analyses will compare the mean DEMQOL scores of the participants at 8 months between the two study arms. A cost-effectiveness analysis will consider the incremental cost per Quality Adjusted Life Years of the intervention compared with usual care. Qualitative and fidelity substudies will be analysed through framework analysis and fidelity assessment tools respectively.Ethics and disseminationREC and HRA approval were obtained. A Data Monitoring and Ethics Committee has been constituted. Dissemination will be via publications, conferences and social media. Intervention materials will be made open access.Trial registration numberISRCTN17993825.

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Johnson, B. V., S. J. Markowski, and H. M. Craig. "Cold Flow and Combustion Experiments With a New Burner Air Distribution Concept." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 108, no. 2 (April 1, 1986): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3239913.

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Experiments were conducted with a JT8D-engine sized can combustor modified such that all the combustion and dilution air entered through the burner front face from a single plenum through counter-rotating annular swirlers. Cold flow experiments were conducted to visualize and to develop a mixing and recirculation flow pattern within the combustor which contained annular and central recirculation cells and featured rapid mixing in the downstream section of the combustor. Laser velocimeter measurements, downstream of the air inlet configuration used in the combustion experiments, showed the largest velocity gradients in the radial direction were in the tangential velocity profile. Low-pressure combustion experiments were conducted with three flat spray fuel nozzle orientations and three air inlet geometries to determine the general air inlet and fuel injection characteristics required to produce acceptable combustion characteristics with the selected swirler configuration. The combustion experiments included emission, total pressure and total temperature measurements at the burner exit plane. Low emission levels and temperature pattern factors with relatively low burner pressure losses were demonstrated.

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Moingeon, P., A. Ythier, A. Nowill, L. Delmon, C. Bayle, JL Pico, C. Bohuon, and T. Hercend. "Short-term culture of acute myeloid leukemia blasts: analysis of acquired susceptibility to activated natural killer cells." Blood 67, no. 3 (March 1, 1986): 777–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v67.3.777.777.

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Abstract Following a cryopreservation step, short-term cultures of circulating leukemic blasts from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were performed. Because cultured tumor cells became susceptible to natural killer (NK) activity, in vitro alteration of the blasts was studied. Immediately after thawing, cell suspensions consisted of a relatively homogeneous population of undifferentiated blasts. In culture, tritiated thymidine uptake by the leukemic cells was low during the first 24 hours and then increased (X20) to a peak on day 7. The cell concentration started to increase on day 4. On day 8, less than 10% of the cultured cells still appeared as undifferentiated blasts, whereas up to 60% were granular and 30% to 40% had a monocytoid morphology. Prior to being cultured, the blasts were resistant to resting and IL2- activated natural killing. When the kinetics of in vitro acquired susceptibility were studied, it was found that maximum cytotoxicity against these leukemic cells was reached within 24 hours. Thus, the blasts had become NK-sensitive prior to increase in DNA synthesis, proliferation, and differentiation based on morphological and cytochemical criteria. In contrast, there was a positive correlation between acquired susceptibility and surface expression of an activation antigen, termed TNKtar. To dissect further the mechanisms of acquired susceptibility, a series of six NK clones representing four distinct phenotypes of NK active lymphocytes were tested against the leukemic cells. Immediately after thawing, blasts were essentially resistant to all clones, whereas they were strongly killed by 5 of 6 clones when cultured for 24 hours. Cold target inhibition assays indicated that resistance of fresh blasts was likely to be due to a binding defect. These results suggested that tumor cells became susceptible because they surface-expressed NK target structure(s) in the early phase of an activation process leading to their proliferation and/or differentiation. This hypothesis was substantiated for one clone, termed JT9, because the anti-TNKtar antibody blocked cytotoxicity of JT9 cells against the cultured blasts.

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Moingeon, P., A. Ythier, A. Nowill, L. Delmon, C. Bayle, JL Pico, C. Bohuon, and T. Hercend. "Short-term culture of acute myeloid leukemia blasts: analysis of acquired susceptibility to activated natural killer cells." Blood 67, no. 3 (March 1, 1986): 777–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v67.3.777.bloodjournal673777.

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Following a cryopreservation step, short-term cultures of circulating leukemic blasts from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were performed. Because cultured tumor cells became susceptible to natural killer (NK) activity, in vitro alteration of the blasts was studied. Immediately after thawing, cell suspensions consisted of a relatively homogeneous population of undifferentiated blasts. In culture, tritiated thymidine uptake by the leukemic cells was low during the first 24 hours and then increased (X20) to a peak on day 7. The cell concentration started to increase on day 4. On day 8, less than 10% of the cultured cells still appeared as undifferentiated blasts, whereas up to 60% were granular and 30% to 40% had a monocytoid morphology. Prior to being cultured, the blasts were resistant to resting and IL2- activated natural killing. When the kinetics of in vitro acquired susceptibility were studied, it was found that maximum cytotoxicity against these leukemic cells was reached within 24 hours. Thus, the blasts had become NK-sensitive prior to increase in DNA synthesis, proliferation, and differentiation based on morphological and cytochemical criteria. In contrast, there was a positive correlation between acquired susceptibility and surface expression of an activation antigen, termed TNKtar. To dissect further the mechanisms of acquired susceptibility, a series of six NK clones representing four distinct phenotypes of NK active lymphocytes were tested against the leukemic cells. Immediately after thawing, blasts were essentially resistant to all clones, whereas they were strongly killed by 5 of 6 clones when cultured for 24 hours. Cold target inhibition assays indicated that resistance of fresh blasts was likely to be due to a binding defect. These results suggested that tumor cells became susceptible because they surface-expressed NK target structure(s) in the early phase of an activation process leading to their proliferation and/or differentiation. This hypothesis was substantiated for one clone, termed JT9, because the anti-TNKtar antibody blocked cytotoxicity of JT9 cells against the cultured blasts.

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Voronich, I. V., and V. H. Nguyen. "Computational study of characteristics of intake flow in model axial compressor with regard to different variants of “active disk” boundary condition." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 5 (710) (May 2019): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2019-5-36-49.

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Aerodynamic interaction between the compressor (fan) and the air intake is a characteristic feature of modern turbojet engines of civil aviation. An approach based on unsteady three-dimensional modeling of the flow taking into account full blade rows is necessary for analysis but is too resource-intensive for design. In some cases, an approach based on the “active disk” boundary condition can be successfully used to analyze aerodynamic interference of the engine with airframe elements. In the present work, the flow characteristics in the air intake of a model axial compressor JT8D are studied and different variants of the “active disk” boundary condition that can replace the compressor in the air intake are compared. The results of the computational study of characteristics of the axial compressor model in nacelle based on a pre-validated technique are presented. An analysis of integral characteristics and profiles of variables in different cross-sections at rotational speeds constituting 70, 80 and 90 % of the design value is performed. The results obtained using different variants of the “active disk” boundary condition are compared, and a preferred variant is selected. For the configuration in question, the method has proven to be efficient and accurate.

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Raman, G., and A. B. Cain. "Innovative actuators for active flow and noise control." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 216, no. 6 (June 1, 2002): 303–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095441002321029044.

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Active flow control (AFC) has the potential to improve the efficiency of systems that involve both internal and external fluid flow. The primary driver in AFC is the expectation that the control will result in significant performance benefits at the system level with all trade-offs factored in. Successful application to aircraft systems can produce lighter, stealthier, agile aircraft with increased range, payload and a muffled acoustic signature. The design of an AFC system requires knowledge of flow phenomena and the selection of appropriate actuators, sensors and a control algorithm. The present overview focuses on actuators. Examples of flow and noise control presented here are restricted to open-loop systems. Various aspects of actuator utilization include actuator output characterization, exploiting resonances (plenum, structural or aeroacoustic) to enhance actuator amplitude and the different modes of actuation. A brief description of a high-bandwidth actuator is also provided, followed by a variety of application examples including edgetone suppression, cavity noise suppression, impingement noise suppression and jet mixing enhancement. The review concludes with a description of the successful application of AFC to the exhaust plume from an aircraft engine (JT8D).

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Watanabe, M., K. Fujioka, N. Akiyama, H. Takeyama, N. Manabe, K. Yamamoto, and Y. Manome. "Conjugation of Quantum Dots and JT95 IgM Monoclonal Antibody for Thyroid Carcinoma Without Abolishing the Specificity and Activity of the Antibody." IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience 10, no. 1 (March 2011): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnb.2011.2125800.

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Yilmaz Coşkun, Fatma, Gülçin Elboğa, Gökhan Altunbaş, Ertan Vuruşkan, Berna Kaya Uğur, and Murat Sucu. "Evaluation of ventricular repolarization features with Tp-e, Tp-e/QTc, JTc and JTd during electroconvulsive therapy." Journal of Electrocardiology 51, no. 3 (May 2018): 440–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2018.02.003.

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WOJCIECHOWSKI, Krzysztof, Jerzy MERKISZ, Paweł FUĆ, Joanna TOMANKIEWICZ, Rafał ZYBAŁA, Juliusz LESZCZYŃSKI, Piotr LIJEWSKI, and Paweł NIERODA. "Prototypical thermoelectric generator for waste heat conversion from combustion engines." Combustion Engines 154, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-116986.

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The work presents experimental results of performance tests and theoretical calculations for the thermoelectric generator TEG fitted in the exhaust system of a 1.3 dm3 JTD engine. Benchmark studies were carried out to analyze the performance of the thermoelectric modules and total TEG efficiency. Additionally the investigation of combustion engine’s power drop casued by exhaust gasesflow resistance is presented. The detailed studies were performed using a new prototype of the thermoelectric generator TEG equipped with 24 BiTe/SbTe modules with the total nominal power of 168 W. The prototypical device generates maximal power of200 Wfor the exhaus gases massflow rate of 170 kg-h-1 and temperature of280 oC. Power drop caused by the flow resistance of gases ranges between 15 and 35 mbarfor mass flow rate 100-180 kg-h-1. We predict that the application of the new thermoelectric materials recently developed at AGH would increase the TEG power by up to 1 kW, would allow the increase of the powertrain system efficiency by about 5 %, and a corresponding reduction of C02 emission.

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Prajwowski, Konrad. "IMPACT OF AN EXTERNAL, SO CALLED BOX, MODULE ON POWER AND TORQUE OF THE FIAT 1.3 JTD MOTOR." Journal of KONES. Powertrain and Transport 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12314005.1137448.

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Gutama, Debby, Mochammad Junus, and Putri Elfa Mas’udia. "Absensi Dosen pada Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar dengan Menggunakan QR Code Di Gedung AH Prodi JTD Politeknik Negeri Malang." Jurnal Jartel: Jurnal Jaringan Telekomunikasi 11, no. 2 (June 28, 2021): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jartel.v11i2.76.

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Dunia pendidikan saat ini menuntut tingkat kedisiplinan yang teratur dan terjadwal yang lebih baik agar proses belajar mengajar dapat berlangsung sesuai dengan jadwal yang sudah ditentukan. Tetapi kebanyakan pihak pendidikan masih mengalami kendala untuk menuntut hal tersebut dikarenakan kegiatan absensi yang masih manual dan kurang teratur dalam monitoringnya.Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk membantu dosen dalam melakukan absensi kelas harian dengan memanfaatkan QR Code sebagai pembeda, yang mempermudah karena menggunakan smartphone dari masing-masing dosen.Pada penelitian ini dibuat sebuah aplikasi absensi dosen dengan menggunakan QR-Code dimana dosen dapat melakukan absensi dengan menggunakan kamera smartphone untuk scanning QR-Code yang telah disediakan di setiap ruang kelas.Dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap aplikasi yang dibuat, didapatkan hasil bahwa aplikasi berjalan dengan lancar pada beberapa versi android dan merk smartphone namun pada android versi 6.0 terdapat kekurangan pada tampilannya dan saat scanning QRCode memerlukan waktu. Saat pengujian QoS nilai delay tertinggi yaitu pada Gedung AH Lantai 2 dengan nilai 120,1695 yang berarti bagus dan rata-rata packet loss yaitu 8%, sedangkan untuk throughput tertinggi pada Gedung AH lantai 2 dengan nilai rata-rata 7,598487 yang berarti kecepatan jaringan bagus.

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Viltard, Leandro Adolfo. "Reaching more customers, delving into the unknown." Independent Journal of Management & Production 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 404–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v12i2.1318.

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Organizations have ineffective information management practices, and improper analytical methods and tools for innovations. As a consequence, customers are not appropriately reached, decision-making is compromised and –unfortunately- most innovations don’t achieve the desired results. In this sense and through the study of Disruptive Innovation Theory (DIT) and Job To Be Done Theory (JTBDT) –developed by Harvard Professor Clayton Christensen- it is pointed out that a novel universe of value is created for small firms and incumbents in their innovation environments. In other words, “unrevealed” areas of opportunities (or Disrupted Innovation Theory, DIT) and “undisclosed” products (Job-To-Be-Done Theory, JTBDT) take place, allowing a wide range of new organizational and social development, not only a different/better/worse known market or product. This result in an additional distinction between two antagonistic fields that coexist in the current business context: the known field (referred to sustaining innovations) and the unknown one (connected with DI and JTBD). Managers are urged to understand their differences, and theories/tools must be reconsidered to manage those opposite worlds. Therefore, the hypothesis of this investigation –which was corroborated- states that a deep understanding of DIT and JTBDT can help to reach more customers with adapted products, and to wider develop organizations and markets. It was utilized a qualitative methodology, with an exploratory descriptive study. The design was non-experimental and -within them- transversal, since the information was collected at a given moment of time.

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App, J. F. F., and K. Yoshioka. "Impact of Reservoir Permeability on Flowing Sandface Temperatures: Dimensionless Analysis." SPE Journal 18, no. 04 (April 17, 2013): 685–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/146951-pa.

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Summary Layer flow contributions are increasingly being quantified through the analysis of measured sandface flowing temperatures. It is commonly known that the maximum temperature change is affected by the magnitude of the drawdown and the Joule-Thomson expansion coefficient of the fluid. Another parameter that strongly impacts layer sandface flowing temperatures is the layer permeability. Aside from determining the drawdown, the layer permeability also affects the ratio of heat transfer by convection to conduction within a reservoir. The impact of permeability can be represented by the Péclet number, which is a dimensionless quantity representing the ratio of heat transfer by convection to conduction. The Péclet number is directly proportional to reservoir permeability. Through dimensionless analysis, it will be shown that for a given drawdown (based on a dimensionless Joule-Thomson expansion coefficient JTD) the temperature change diminishes at low Péclet numbers and increases at high Péclet numbers. This implies that for low-permeability reservoirs such as shale gas or tight oil, the temperature changes will be minimal (less than 0.1ºF) despite the large drawdowns in many instances. Dimensionless analysis is performed for both steady-state and transient thermal models. Results from multilayer transient simulations illustrate the ability to identify contrasting permeability layers on the basis of the Péclet number effect.

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Schmidt, R. E., G. T. Bartley, S. S. Lee, J. F. Daley, H. D. Royer, H. Levine, E. L. Reinherz, S. F. Schlossman, and J. Ritz. "Expression of the NKTa clonotype in a series of human natural killer clones with identical cytotoxic specificity." Journal of Experimental Medicine 163, no. 4 (April 1, 1986): 812–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.163.4.812.

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Over a period of 3 yr, a series of ten NK clones that express a unique clonotypic T cell receptor-like structure, termed NKTa, has been generated from a single individual. These clones were derived from either peripheral blood nonadherent cell fractions (JT9, JT10, JT11), NKH2-purified cells (CNK8, CNK9), or NKTa-purified cells (CNK11, CNK12, CNK13, CNK14, CNK15). Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from this individual showed that NKTa+ cells occur with a frequency of approximately 0.15%. The existence of NKTa+ cells in peripheral blood was confirmed by use of immunorosette enrichment techniques, flow cytometric purification, and subsequent clonal expansion of NKTa+ cells. Phenotypic analysis of NKTa+ clones showed that all expressed NKH1 as well as T3, T8, T11, T12, and Mo1 antigens. Only five of ten clones expressed NKH2 antigen. All NKTa+ clones had broad cytolytic activity against a series of seven different target cells that was similar to that of other NK clones. In addition, cytotoxicity of each clone could be inhibited by preincubation of effector cells with monoclonal anti-NKTa or by preincubation of target cells with monoclonal anti-TNKTAR. Although half of the NKTa+ clones appeared phenotypically different from the other half with regard to the expression of NKH2 antigen, analysis of T cell receptor gene rearrangements indicated that all NKTa+ clones contained identical gene rearrangements of C beta 2.

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Widodo, Tri, Ismail Ferdiansyah, and Adi Prasetyo. "PERANCANGAN ULANG PRODUK OS TABLE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANTROPOMETRI." Journal Industrial Manufacturing 6, no. 1 (February 9, 2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/jim.v6i1.4118.

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The table is a furniture that has a basic surface and legs as a buffer that varies in shape and function. The design of this product is intentionally dedicated to the needs of a table that has a large capacity to store food, drinks, and even other tools. But the dimensions of the OS Table is currently felt not to provide comfort to its users. Therefore, the idea arose to redesign the multifunctional table design (OS Table) to create comfort for its users. This research was conducted using the Anthropometry method. Based on the results of data processing that has been done by collecting anthropometric data, namely Popliteal Height (Tpo), Elbow Length to Hands (Pst), Sitting Elbow Height (Tsd), Coverage of Hands Forward (Jtd) and Length of Hand Range (Prt), then it can be concluded the results of the OS Table redesign by using the 5th percentile for the smallest and the 95th percentile for the largest resulting in the dimensions of the maximum length of the table is 150 cm and the minimum length of the table is 118 cm, the width of the table is 69 cm while the height of the table is 69 cm. This multifunctional table (OS Table) has been redesigned to achieve an ergonomic dimension, thus providing comfort for the user.Keywords: Tables , OS Table, Anthropometry, Ergonomics, Product Design

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Kurt Williams, Çiğdem. "Chambord Şatosu’ndan Osmanlı Sahnelerine Taşınan Şamata: Yirmi Çocuklu Bir Adam yahut Fettan Zaman İnsana Neler Yapmaz." Tiyatro Eleştirmenliği ve Dramaturji Bölümü Dergisi, no. 29 (December 27, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26650/jtcd.641086.

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Armağan Ertuğrul, Esma. "Gerçeğin Saçmalığı, Saçmanın Sanatı: Gerçek Sanat Birliği." Tiyatro Eleştirmenliği ve Dramaturji Bölümü Dergisi, no. 29 (December 27, 2019): 65–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26650/jtcd.641359.

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Armağan Ertuğrul, Esma. "Yelizaveta Bam." Tiyatro Eleştirmenliği ve Dramaturji Bölümü Dergisi, no. 29 (December 27, 2019): 129–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26650/jtcd.641386.

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45

Gürlüyer, Aycan. "Cherrie Moraga’nın The Hungry Woman: A Mexican Medea Adlı Oyununun Homi Bhabha’nın Postkolonyal Melezlik & Üçüncü Alan Teorisi Açısından İncelenmesi." Tiyatro Eleştirmenliği ve Dramaturji Bölümü Dergisi, no. 29 (December 27, 2019): 43–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26650/jtcd.642087.

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Sarıkaya, Nazım. "Dionysosçu Ritüeller ve Antik Yunan Tiyatrosunda Karşıtlıkların Biraradalığı." Tiyatro Eleştirmenliği ve Dramaturji Bölümü Dergisi, no. 29 (December 27, 2019): 17–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.26650/jtcd.643497.

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Kurt Williams, Çiğdem. "Yirmi Çocuklu Bir Adam yahut Fettan Zaman İnsana Neler Yapmaz." Tiyatro Eleştirmenliği ve Dramaturji Bölümü Dergisi, no. 29 (December 27, 2019): 93–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.26650/jtcd.649437.

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"10.6003/jtad.1372a2." CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs 1 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.6003/jtad.1372a2.

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Okelola, Muniru O., Abdullahi L. Amoo, and Rasaki K. Soremekun. "Power Quality Events Segmentation in a Voltage Waveform using Joint Triggering Point Detection Scheme." FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v4i1.262.

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Accurate and timely detection of power quality (PQ) events is imperative for adequate corrective measures to be taken. This paper presents a method of PQ event detection development called joint triggering point detection (JTPD) scheme with a view to achieving a more accurate PQ event detection in a voltage waveform. The JTPD combines the advantage of cumulative sum (CUSUM) algorithm for the statistical distribution of a signal waveform and the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for change-point detection. The performance of JTPD scheme using detection rate was compared with CUSUM and DWT schemes and based on the analysis, the detection rate of JTPD, CUSUM and DWT were 100%, 95% and 50% respectively. With this, the proposed approach outperformed CUSUM and DWT schemes by 5% and 50% respectively. Hence, the proposed approach is suitable for accurate detection of voltage dip, swell and interruption PQ events Keywords: Cumulative Sum, Discrete Wavelet Transform, Joint Triggering Point Detection, Power Quality, Voltage Waveform

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"Body Joints and Trajectory Guided 3D Deep Convolutional Descriptors for Human Activity Identification." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 8, no. 12 (October 10, 2019): 1016–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.k1985.1081219.

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Human Activity Identification (HAI) in videos is one of the trendiest research fields in the computer visualization. Among various HAI techniques, Joints-pooled 3D-Deep convolutional Descriptors (JDD) have achieved effective performance by learning the body joint and capturing the spatiotemporal characteristics concurrently. However, the time consumption for estimating the locale of body joints by using large-scale dataset and computational cost of skeleton estimation algorithm were high. The recognition accuracy using traditional approaches need to be improved by considering both body joints and trajectory points together. Therefore, the key goal of this work is to improve the recognition accuracy using an optical flow integrated with a two-stream bilinear model, namely Joints and Trajectory-pooled 3D-Deep convolutional Descriptors (JTDD). In this model, an optical flow/trajectory point between video frames is also extracted at the body joint positions as input to the proposed JTDD. For this reason, two-streams of Convolutional 3D network (C3D) multiplied with the bilinear product is used for extracting the features, generating the joint descriptors for video sequences and capturing the spatiotemporal features. Then, the whole network is trained end-to-end based on the two-stream bilinear C3D model to obtain the video descriptors. Further, these video descriptors are classified by linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) to recognize human activities. Based on both body joints and trajectory points, action recognition is achieved efficiently. Finally, the recognition accuracy of the JTDD model and JDD model are compared.

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Journal articles on the topic 'JT9D'

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