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Uzukwu, Elochukwu Eugene. "Editorial: Conflict and Reconciliation- Towards Jubilee 2000." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 1999. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,711.
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Holmes, Marcus. "Refining ideas norm institutionalization and the Jubilee 2000 campaign /." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/3630.
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Blouch, Robert L. "The prophecy of Isaiah 61:1-2 and the Jubilee year." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
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Baillot, Hélène. "Nous ne devons rien, nous ne paierons rien : Jubilee 2000 et la redéfinition du mode de problématisation de la dette des pays pauvres (1996-2000)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D098.
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Cette thèse s’intéresse à la manière dont le mode dominant de problématisation de la dette, qui s’était progressivement stabilisé depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale, a été redéfini à partir des années 1980 sous l’action conjointe de différents acteurs, militants et institutionnels. Pour ce faire, elle mobilise un corpus théorique situé à la croisée de la sociologie des problèmes publics, de la sociologie de l’action collective, de la sociologie de l’action publique et de la sociologie économique. Si l’accent est mis sur la décennie 1990 qui voit naître, grandir, et s’achever la campagne Jubilee 2000, les mobilisations institutionnelles qui la précèdent ne sont pas négligées pour autant. Cette thèse accorde ainsi une attention particulière aux dispositifs dans lesquels la dette s’incarne, ainsi qu’aux institutions et acteurs qui les soutiennent (Banque mondiale, Fonds monétaire international, États du G8 notamment). Reposant sur une pluralité de méthodes (archives, observations, entretiens) et sur un terrain multisitué (États-Unis, Philippines, Ouganda, Bénin, Belgique), ce travail accorde une place centrale aux dynamiques de concurrence et aux logiques de division du travail qui animent l’espace international de la cause anti-dette : elles seules permettent de saisir à la fois comment mais aussi pour qui la dette est devenue -et demeure- un problème<br>This dissertation analyzes the process by which debt became problematized and how it has been redefined by a plurality of actors, from activists and institutional experts, from the end of the Second World War through the present. It draws on different and complementary theoretical approaches, including the sociology of public problems, the sociology of collective action, public policy analysis, and economic sociology. Although it focuses on the 1990s, when the Jubilee 2000 campaign emerged, blossomed and died, this research takes into account the institutional mobilization preceding it. It indeed pays particular attention to the mechanisms that make debt “exist” and to the institutions and actors that support them (the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the G8).This research employs different methodologies (archives, direct observations, interviews) and multisited fieldwork (the United States, Uganda, the Philippines, Benin, Belgium); it points out the necessity of taking into account the dynamics of competition and the division of labor processes among international players: only through this lens can we understand how and for whom debt has become -and remains- an issue
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Hoch, Brian Thomas. "The year of Jubilee and Old Testament ethics : a test case in methodology." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/677/.
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This thesis argues that the “ethical triangle” model of C. J. H. Wright’s OT ethics, slightly adjusted, offers a convincing account of the Jubilee, which is here analysed from the perspective of each of the triangle’s vertices: theological, social, and economic. The meaning and paradigmatic value of the Jubilee is assessed before its correlation to the NT is sought. Wright’s model requires three adjustments. First, an OT topic’s essential thematic components need to be analysed by extremely close readings guided by the priority of the theological angle. Second, the relevant topic and its components must be traced through the OT to demonstrate how changing contexts affect the said topic’s inclusion into larger biblical-theological themes. Finally, each topic must come into conversation with Jesus’ claim of fulfilment, therefore, the last question to ask is how the new covenant, as the ultimate context change, affects the topic. This methodology was explored with the Year of Jubilee as a test case. A close “triangle” reading determined that the legislation was highly theological with economic expression—the opposite of the stereotype current in modern scholarship. The Jubilee was applicable only to the Israelites in the covenant community who were to provide mutual care for their “brothers.” Correlating the Jubilee to the restorative events of the entry into the land and to the Exodus highlights the Edenic motifs within the legislation and show it to be a cyclical re-creation of the original state, arrived at by the power of a redemptive covenant. These themes, and others, are traced through the OT and into the NT, predominantly focusing upon the Lucan corpus.
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Long, Michael John Adrian. "Theological reflection on international debt : a critique of the Jubilee 2000 debt cancellation campaign." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1245/.
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The theologically-inspired Jubilee 2000 campaign was highly successful but much theological reflection on the sovereign debt owed by the poorest nations has been overly polemical. Our study indicates that nonetheless a post-liberal, dialogical approach to the issue of international debt can be realised, and traces some of its key observations and themes. The origins and development of Jubilee 2000 are traced both in Britain and internationally, with particular reference to the campaign in Zambia. Key arguments and factors critical to the success of Jubilee 2000 are discussed and analysed. In performing this analysis we draw on the work of Atherton, whose approach offers criteria for establishing the adequacy of theological engagement in a plural and globalised context. Analysis of the themes of jubilee, grace and forgiveness, and usury reveal that despite their limitations, they offer valuable and distinctive contributions on issues of power and money, in their insights into the human condition, and into obligations across generations. Future theological engagement on debt will also require greater attention to the role that money performs, and a new synthesis of visionary and realistic elements.
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O'Leary, John Kevin. "SPAWAR year 2000 assessment phase case study." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1997. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA341081.
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Thesis (M.S. in Software Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1997.<br>"September 1997." Thesis advisor(s): Tung Bui, Elizabeth M. Gramoy. Includes bibliographical references (p. 115). Also available online.
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McIlmail, James F. Jaworski James L. "The Russian military in the year 2000 /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1992. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA261758.
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McIlmail, James F. "The Russian military in the year 2000." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26749.
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Through the use of content analysis, this paper attempts to paint a picture of the Russian military in the year 2000 and its impact on the US national security strategy . The research begins by defining the origin of Russian national security policy and how that translates into military policy and doctrine. A framework for evaluating Russian military doctrines is provided with a chronology of the military reform process and the related doctrinal reforms that has its birth in the 1987 announcement of a "defensive-defense." Following from the doctrinal variant framework the new strategic missions of the 1992 draft military doctrine are presented with an analysis that shows they are a clear departure from the past and truly a "defensive-defense" type doctrine. Additionally, a comparison is made between the current military reform ongoing in Russia and the historical precedent of the Russian military reform of 1924-25. A rough outline of the separate branches of the Russian military both present and future is provided based on the ongoing trends in the reform process. This thumbnail sketch of the Russian military then assists in the analysis and conclusion that even after a possible 50% cutback in US military spending, in the year 2000 the conventional Russian military will not pose a threat to US national security. The major caveat to this conclusion is in the realm o nuclear weapons and this issue is therefore discussed in some length
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Miner, Aaron T. "Debt and its solutions : a comparative study of the biblical jubilee year and the edict of Ammisaduqa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80087.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>The Edict of Ammisaduqa and the Jubilee Year legislation in Leviticus 25 provide the most extensive evidence for the debt relief tradition throughout the ancient Near East. A comparative analysis of these texts points to an indirect relationship between them based upon a common theme, debt-slavery of the head of the household, and terminology, andurārum and drr. However, the substantial differences in content between the two texts suggest that there is no direct relationship between them.
In light of this analysis it is possible that the tradition of debt relief entered ancient Israel in some form at an early date and then was later re-emphasized during the late monarchic period under Neo-Assyrian influence. This possibility rests upon the debt relief tradition existing in Syro-Palestine under influence from Mari and the Hittites, as well as later under the Neo-Assyrian Empire. Internal evidence in Leviticus 25 also potentially points to an early rural situation for the origination of the Jubilee tradition.
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Ard, David Robert. "Project 2000 a plan for bringing Shiloh Baptist Church into the year 2000 /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.
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Harley, S. F., and J. S. Murter. "Advanced Acquisition and Analysis Through the Year 2000." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614665.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 30-November 02, 1989 / Town & Country Hotel & Convention Center, San Diego, California<br>For nearly a decade U.S. Army Combat Systems Test Activity (USACSTA) has been using computer based telemetry systems to acquire data in a variety of ground vehicles and weapons systems. Three years ago the Advanced Acquisition and Analysis Through Year 2000 (A³-2000) project was initiated with the goals of: providing instrumentation systems able to meet the demands of ever more complex weapon systems, increasing workload capacity with no increase in the number or quality of personnel, and reducing the total test cycle time for the customer. The methods selected to implement these goals were: increased reliance on state-of-the-art computer technology, the use of standards for operating systems, programming languages, networking, and interfaces, the use of expert/knowledge based systems, and integration of all organizational computer resources. This paper will describe the progress which has been made in all of these areas.
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Wrige, Cecilia. "Probability of meteorite immpact in Sweden since year 2000." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100012.
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This Thesis investigates the number of possible meteorite impacts in Sweden since the year 2000. Sweden did not until recently have any photographic monitoring of incoming meteorites, thus a search through media reporting observations from the public has been performed. A theoretical approximation, based on an established extra-terrestrial mass ux, gives the number of 210 possible meteorite impacts for this time period. All of these could have been reballs, but by subtracting the daylight hours and bad weather conditions, only 47 reballs could have been seen during the 15 years. All of the 210 events could also have dropped meteorites on the ground, but when subtracting areas where it is very unlikely to recover a meteorite, like large forest areas and lakes, the number of possible meteorites is 73. The newspaper articles published since 2000 regarding reball observations gives 37 plausible meteorites. The theoretical value and the number of observations are similar enough that the theoretical approximation is probable to be correct.
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Weigold, Jennifer L. "Two-year degrees' versus four year degrees', which education in retail best prepares it's graduates?" Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000weigoldj.pdf.
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Koessler, John M. "Developing a vision for Valley Chapel for the year 2000." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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Kellagher, Deborah F. "How will CPAs function and operate going into the year 2000?" Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2001. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/229.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.<br>Bachelors<br>Business Administration<br>Accounting
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Lee, Kyung Ho S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "A strategic analysis of the DRAM industry after the year 2000." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81087.
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Thesis (S.M. in Management Studies)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2013.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-43).<br>The DRAM industry has been growing in line with the development of information technology since the 1970's. However, the industry has become commoditized and is well known for its recurring cycle of upturns and downturns, resulting in a number of bankruptcies, mergers and acquisitions. Specifically, the years following 2000 became increasing challenging for the key DRAM producers that remained in the market. The combination of demand shifts to consumer oriented electronics and rising manufacturing costs reduced profitability across the industry. As these conditions persist, DRAM producers need to find a way to generate sustainable profit and to create buffers against imminent downturns. This thesis details the industry level problems DRAM vendors have faced in the past, the dynamics that have caused recurring industry cycles and commoditization, and how those dynamics affect the industry. In this context, the thesis concludes with two suggestions for potential strategies for market differentiation. First, DRAM producers should strengthen services that provide opportunities to differentiate their value proposition to customers while simultaneously generating new sources of profit. Second, DRAM market leaders should continue to focus heavily on R&D of high performance products while carefully managing the timing of new product launches to maximize profits.<br>by Kyung Ho Lee.<br>S.M.in Management Studies
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Carter, John. "Post-Materialism: Its Impact on Presidential Election Year Issues, 1972-2000." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32740.
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This thesis examines the measurable effects of changing cultural values on American presidential election year issues from 1972 to 2000.
Topics discussed: the long-term shift in cultural values and their impact on political parties, party support, and political priorities. There is congruence between the content of the two major political party platforms from 1972-2000 and the cultural priorities of party supporters as defined by their presidential vote. This relationship also holds true for the 'most significant issue facing the nation' variable in the National Election Studies and presidential vote choice. These results are reproduced in a completely different data set of active political participants (follow the news closely, participate in political campaigns, vote consistently) assembled by Sydney Verba.
Both political parties must contend with the tensions that arise from differing cultural priorities of their supporters. This applies both within the parties as they must assemble winning electoral coalitions and between the parties which have taken on the cultural and political priorities of their strongest supporters. As the cultural priorities of major political party supporters shift, so have their quadrennial party platforms.<br>Master of Arts
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Claflin, Ray III. "CURRENT TIME SCALES AND CHALLENGES: GPS 1999 WNRO AND THE YEAR 2000." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608442.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada<br>This paper describes the current internationally recognized atomic time scales of International Atomic Time (TAI), Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), and Global Positioning System (GPS) Time as well as solar based Universal Time. The concept of Leap Seconds and the differences between the time scales are discussed. A brief history of the international agreements that created organizations responsible for maintaining these time scales is provided. A brief review of the GPS 1999 (Week Number Roll Over) WNRO with its potential GPS user problems is provided. Prudent personal precautions are proposed for the Year 2000 (Y2K) Rollover.
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Saleem, Mohammad. "A strategic plan for universal primary enrollment in Pakistan by the year 2000 /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1991. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/11167646.
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Thesis (Ed.D.) -- Teachers College, Columbia University, 1991.<br>Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Craig Richards. Dissertation Committee: Thurston Atkins. Includes bibliographical references: (leaves 208-215).
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Imich, Andre Jan. "Towards the year 2000 : frameworks for the allocation of time of educational psychologists." Thesis, University of East London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532423.
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Ludlow, Michelle Lesley. "The school curriculum and the W.H.O. : 'Health for All by the Year 2000'." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 1993. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20748/.
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This research describes the relationship between the school curricula of two schools in Sheffield and the World Health Organisation's targets 'Health for All by the Year 2000' (HFA 2000).A review of the literature reveals a range of initiatives have been established to promote and develop HFA 2000, although those relating to school education are small scale and few in number. The research methods used include conducting case studies in the two schools over one academic year. A variety of lessons were observed in a primary and a secondary school, questionnaires were issued to teachers and pupils in both schools and a number of pupils, teachers and the Local Education Authority health education advisor for Sheffield were interviewed. The results indicated that some of the WHO targets were being addressed by the school curriculum although this was by chance rather than by design. Opportunities to address this health initiative through the school curriculum were being lost due to a lack of communication from WHO to the education service. The issues arising were that with the introduction of the National Curriculum in UK schools, non-statutory subjects like health education rely more for their implementation on the interests of individual teachers. The place of health education is at risk in the curriculum due to pressures on the timetable to cover all of the statutory subjects and if its place in the curriculum is to be maintained, health education must become part of the statutory curriculum in its own right. If health education is to be successfully delivered to pupils of school age, a strengthening of links must occur between schools, families and communities.
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Golden, Scott. "An analysis of basic cable television rates for the year 2000 in Wisconsin." Online version, 2001. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2001/2001goldens.pdf.
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George, Christina Anne Maree. "Anthem for the year 2000 and beyond : Australian rock music and cultural identity." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002.
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This thesis develops and theorises the presence of an identifiable cultural and national identity through Australian rock music, concentrating on the 1990s and into the year 2000 and beyond. It draws upon the traditions of Australian culture, being the beach, sport and suburbia as well as those 'new' cultural values and indicators such as multiculturalism. Music analysis comes from a hybrid background involving the disciplines of sociology, musicology, cultural studies and popular culture. The works are diverse and include that of Simon Frith, Thomas Swiss, Graeme Turner, Marcus Breen and Toby Cresswell. These theorists provide a diverse analysis of contemporary rock music and how it influences cultural identity. More specifically, Breen, Turner, Cunningham and Mitchell all theorise the influence rock music has had on Australia and how it has shaped cultural identity, policy and infrastructure. A textual analysis of lyrics, images and the idea of an Australian sound will provide a focus on how the music itself constructs a path to the idea of an Australian identity. Industry and policy as seen though Triple J and Channel [V], parallel importation and radio quotas respectively, play an integral part in how these areas contribute to the cultural value that Australian
music provides. By analysing these aspects through the concepts of antipodality and hybridity, it will be asserted that Australian music contributes to the recontextualisation of Australian cultural identity.
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Ndem, Imo F. "Trend Analysis of Automobile Collision Amongst 15-19 year olds in Virginia, 2000-2004." VCU Scholars Compass, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1624.
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Tatar, Mehtap. "Health for all by the year 2000 and primary health care : the Turkish case." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1992. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13688/.
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This study aims at analyzing Turkish health policy from a Primary Health Care perspective as pronounced in Alma-Ata, 1978. The Alma-Ata Declaration has long been regarded as a watershed in the health field and 134 countries, including Turkey, have endorsed the Declaration showing their support for the views expressed in the Document. However, although the international community gave its full support, in practice, different interpretations and implementation of the principles have emerged. Turkey, one of the countries where health has rarely occupied the agenda, has been undergoing radical reforms since the mid 1980s with the ultimate aim of achieving Health for all by the Year 2000 through Primary Health Care. There is full commitment at the national policy-making level to endorse policies coherent with the principles of Alma-Ata. However, not all policies adopted seem to be consonant with what was declared in Alma-Ata requiring a detailed analysis of the policies suggested and implemented. In the light of this, the aims of the study are: (1) to analyze Turkish health policy since the 1960s from a Primary Health Care perspective with the aim of exploring the Turkish response to Alma-Ata; (2) to explore the perceptions of Turkish health policy-makers about Primary Health Care and related issues; (3) to discuss the prospects for Primary Health Care in Turkey. Basic principles of the Primary Health Care approach as declared in Alma-Ata have been taken as a guideline in analyzing Turkish health policy and the perceptions of the Turkish health policy-makers. These principles and their implementation, or the way they are perceived, have guided the research in answering the question ''what are the prospects for Primary Health Care in Turkey?" The nature of the research, based on document analysis and semi-structured interviews, has necessitated a qualitative stance. It was concluded that the Turkish version of Primary Health Care differs from the Declaration in a number of ways. A number of possible reasons for this have been offered. The perceptions of the policy-makers on certain issues that are closely related with the Approach, inter alia, has been found as one of the most possible explanations behind the current situation and a need to alter the ascendant approach towards health issues in general has been emphasized.
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Claflin, Ray III. "Calendars and Current Calendar Issues: Year 2000 and GPS 1999 Week Number Roll Over." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/609224.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1998 / Town & Country Resort Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California<br>This paper will present a selected overview of calendars and calendar development from antiquity to the current Gregorian calendar. The current hot topics of the GPS 1999 Rollover and the Year 2000 Millennium Rollover will be explained.
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Yamashita, Miyo. "Electronic surveillance and the prospects for privacy in Canada's private sector by the year 2000." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0020/NQ44634.pdf.
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Benbow, David Ian. "A critical analysis of neo-liberal reforms to the English NHS since the year 2000." Thesis, Keele University, 2018. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/4584/.
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Solidarity was important in the creation and maintenance of the English NHS, which was the product of class compromise. Its founding principles were that it was to be free (at the point of access), universal, comprehensive and primarily funded from general taxation. In recent decades, successive governments have renewed the neo-liberal project. This has involved new governance mechanisms (quasi-markets and targets) being emplaced in the NHS and private healthcare companies (which have influenced government policy) being afforded increasing opportunities to deliver NHS services. Such privatisation is antagonistic to patient needs. I undertake an ideology critique of the NHS reforms of the New Labour governments and of governments since 2010. I examine the influences on, justifications for, resistance to, and potential reifying effects of, such reforms. Misrepresentations and mystification may legitimate and obscure legal changes. I identify the ideological modes and strategies that governments have employed to justify their reforms. I also analyse several modes of reification (identity thinking, instrumental rationality, depoliticisation and the legitimation effect of law) to assess whether the reforms produced estrangement, which is the opposite of solidarity. Many of the justifications for successive reforms were contested. Although such reforms have rendered healthcare more opaque, solidarity endures. Neo-liberal norms compete with residual norms (including the NHS’ founding principles) and emergent norms (which developed due to the problems of welfare states, such as their failure to empower recipients and the persistence of health inequalities). As validity has been given to residual and emergent norms, which have been superficially articulated within government discourse, but which are undermined by neo-liberal policies, a legitimation crisis may arise as public experience increasingly diverges from them. I advocate amending legislation which has undermined residual norms, democratising the NHS to empower patients and the public and increased intervention in capitalism to address health inequalities.
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Hedger, Gary Richard. "Developing a vision of ministry to the year 2000 for First Baptist Forrest City, Arkansas." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
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Hourani, Rayan, and Anna Helander. "How industry change has affected European airlines : Development of profitability and capital structure year 2000-2008." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Accounting and Finance, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-7621.
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<p><strong>Background:</strong> The airline industry of today functions in a very intense and competitive market and is also very sensitive to change. Over the last years the airline industry has changed and been affected drastically. Factors like sudden shocks, such as the terrorist attacks of September 11<sup>th</sup> in 2001 and the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) phenomenon in China 2003, change in macroeconomic factors, such as GDP growth in different regions, changes in the oil price and fluctuations in exchange rates, and also by the fact that the airline industry have experienced a general change in structure and trends. A consequence of these shocks and general industry changes, also made worse by the ongoing financial crisis and escalation of fuel price many airlines have lost a significant part of their market value. The fact that during a normal year around eight airlines in the world go bankrupted but that Sterling became the 31<sup>st</sup> in 2008 strengthens this statement.</p><p><strong>Problem: </strong>All these incidents the airline industry has been exposed to, combined with the overall industry change in structure and trends, have given the European airline industry the shape that it has today, and the change is not over. This emphasizes the importance and interest to map out the airline industry of today with the most recent and major events in consideration and also the curiosity for the fact that differences in how the different airlines have been affected should exist.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how industry change has affected the profitability and capital structure of European airlines, individually and in comparison with each other.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Six actors in the airline industry were selected for a descriptive type of study that takes a deductive approach. Secondary numerical data from the airlines’ annual reports was used and analyzed and conclusions were drawn based on existing theories. Quantitative calculations for different financial ratios were made. To get analysts’ viewpoints and more depth and detailed description of the topic, a qualitative approach was used in the form of interviews. For a more structured analysis and to easier evaluate the development of the financial situation of the airlines an observational scheme was developed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For the three financial aspects studied, significant patterns were observed that could be explained by the shocks and trends that have changed the European airline industry. The strongest empirical findings indicating affects of this kind was for the levels of profitability, both for traditional airlines and Low Cost Carriers. The shocks of September 11<sup>th</sup> and SARS, with their respective consequences and aftermaths, were reflected in the findings and also the effects of the general industry trend of an increase in competition.</p>
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Toms, Simon. "The impact of the UK temporary employment industry in assisting agency workers since the year 2000." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2011. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/1381/.
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This thesis is concerned with assessing the impact of the UK temporary employment industry in assisting agency workers since the year 2000, and incorporates four research questions: (1) To what extent have temporary employment agencies provided employment opportunities to vulnerable groups since the year 2000? (2) How are individuals psychologically affected by working as temporary agency workers, and what are the implications? (3) Individual agency workers often interact with several different groups including temporary employment agencies, third party employers, permanent workers and trade unions. Are there tensions that exist between these groups, and how do they manifest themselves? (4) Recent legislative development has occurred with the adoption of the Agency Workers Directive. What are the implications for individual agency workers and temporary employment agencies? In order to investigate these questions, the study‟s research design incorporated semi-structured interviews and ethnographic analyses of diary extracts. The interviewees consisted of twenty-five participants, including agency workers, their permanent counterparts, recruitment consultants, and representatives from third party employers. I also recorded my experiences as an agency worker during several assignments, and the ethnographic analysis of these diary extracts represented a second source of findings. The approach of the thesis challenged the traditional quantitative method that has been prevalent throughout previous psychologically-orientated studies into agency working. Results highlighted the importance of motive, as it was found to influence how agency workers viewed their ensuing employment. Permanent workers‟ perception of their company‟s motive for utilising agency staff was also highlighted as significant to their resulting reaction to their organisation‟s recruitment practices. The method of using agency workers to protect pre-existing staff from redundancy was indicated, and permanent workers will often this employment practice favourably. The lack of obligation inherent in the contract increases the vulnerability of agency workers, and may cause reduced levels of job security and organisational commitment within the individual. The assumption that agency working is short term and cyclical can also lead to isolation from the workforce, as permanent workers may consider agency staff as non-committal, dispensable, and un-invested in the organisation. Several findings relating to the relationships which form between the main parties also emerged. A lack of contact between the recruitment consultant and the individual worker represented a potential obstacle, whereas the priority that temporary employment agencies placed upon fulfilling the needs of their client companies was also identified. The agency employment industry argues that it provides individuals with opportunities for permanent transition into the third party employer, but limited autonomy, short-term assignments, and the simplistic nature of tasks represented significant barriers to achieving this goal. The thesis concluded that the recently-adopted Agency Workers Directive would result in a reduction of open-ended employment arrangements, and that tenure would typically be established prior to each assignment. Recommendations for future research included a post-adoption analysis of the impact of the Agency Workers Directive, and an increased focus upon permanent worker reaction and perception regarding their company‟s utilisation of agency staff.
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Wilmshurst, Janet Mary. "A 2000 year history of vegetation and landscape change in Hawke's Bay, North Island, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Zoology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4790.
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Sediment cores from four lakes in the Tutira and Putere districts of Hawke's Bay, North Island, New Zealand, are analysed for the remains of pollen, charcoal, tephra and erosion pulses to reconstruct a 2000 year history of vegetation and landscape change. The Hawke's Bay region is disturbed frequently by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, cyclonic storms, droughts and fire. This thesis determines how the vegetation and soil stability have responded to some of these disturbances, through detailed palaeoecological investigations of lake sediment cores. Studies of surface pollen and differential pollen and spore preservation were undertaken to enhance the interpretations made from the palaeoecological record. Because New Zealand has only been settled by Polynesians relatively recently, the effects of natural disturbance on the vegetation and landscape can be assessed under similar climatic conditions to the present, but in the absence of cultural change. The effects of human settlement on a previously uninhabited landscape are assessed and compared with previously occurring natural disturbances.
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Baskarahadi, Eka Atmaja. "Evaluation of the 1975 metropolitan Muncie transportation estimations for the year 2000 by Barton-Aschman Associates." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/916988.
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the transportation estimation in Metropolitan Muncie for the year 2000 done in 1975. The basis for evaluation is the present situation data. From these findings I expect to learn from what was correct and what was inaccurate in their projections. Finally, this study could present several recommendations for long-range transportation planning study in the future.Barton-Aschman Associates (B-A-A) transportation planning for Metropolitan Muncie for the year 2000 based on the year 1975 is a part of Delaware-Muncie Metropolitan Transportation Estimations. The B-A-A had done many studies for Metropolitan Muncie, including a comprehensive plan, to support transportation projections. Land-use, socio-economic, and vehicle travel were examined in order to produce accurate transportation estimates. Socio-economic variables for Metropolitan Muncie are population, occupied dwelling units, employment, and automobiles.Trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice, trip assignment, and traffic volume are projected in the final estimations. But this project focuses on relationships among variables: land-use, zoning change, population, occupied dwelling units, employment, average daily traffic volume (ADT), assigned over service volume, and level of service (L.O.S.) that were projected by the B-A-A and for the present situation in Metropolitan Muncie.Overall proposed land-uses in the transportation study coincide well with the actual situation 1992. But commercial land-use growth along West Bethel Ave and McGsllinrd Ave in Metropolitan Muncie was not foreseen by the transportation study.Overall estimations of population and occupied dwelling units in Metropolitan Muncie agree well with the present situation. But in tract 9.01, 19.01, and 19.02 in north Metropolitan Muncie the present situation does not follow the transportation estimations closely and major differences appear between socio-economic estimations and the actual situation. Estimations of employment by the B-A-A are not closely with the present situation.Overall transportation estimates of average daily traffic volume and assigned over service volume in Metropolitan Muncie picture the present situation well on several roads but also not so well on the other roads. The B-A-A projections of Level of Service (L.O.S.) are very close with the present situation.<br>Department of Urban Planning
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Watson, James Robert 1950. "Teaching Design in the Year 2000: A Modified Delphi Study of the Perceptions of Design Educators." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331106/.
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The problem of this study is to predict how basic design will be taught in the year 2000 in the United States of America according to the perceptions of design educators who were polled using a Delphi exercise. Basic design is an introductory course in design disciplines covering fundamental principles, components, and applications of design. This study has a twofold purpose. The first is to predict how basic design will be taught in the year 2000 to allow design educators to better prepare for the future. The second is to provide a basis for further research that might address specific areas in the future of teaching design.
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O'dell, Sharon C. "Perceptions of Year-round Principals: The Effect of Year-round Education in Fulfilling the Recommendations of the National Commission on Excellence in Education and Goals 2000." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1997. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2955.
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This study sought to answer research questions designed to determine principals' perceptions of the effect of year-round education (YRE) on students, teachers, and parents. These perceptions were then used to determine if YRE is fulfilling the recommendations of the National Commission on Excellence in Education and Goals 2000. There were 27 null hypotheses used to answer eight research questions that guided the study. Analysis of the data revealed that year-round principals perceive YRE as having a significantly positive impact on 25 variables in areas relating to educational opportunities/content, standards and expectations, time/flexibility and operational costs, teaching, and school/parent relations. Analysis of data also revealed principals' initial involvement in a year-round program showed a significant difference in eight of the 25 variables. The null hypothesis used to answer research question 8, does the organizational design of a multiple-track versus single-track plan have an effect on the perceptions of year-round school principals, was not rejected. Based on statistical analysis of the data collected of principals' perceptions, YRE is effective in fulfilling the Commission's recommendations and Goals 2000 for more rigorous and measurable standards with higher expectations for academic performance; improving student competency; preparing all children to come to school ready to learn; strengthening graduation requirements; increasing graduation rates; using school time more effectively; improving teacher preparation and salaries; providing drug-free, violence free schools; and increase parental involvement in schools.
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Anders, Hedström, and Tounkara Shekou. "A Comparative Study of Models to Reveal Earnings Management : At Stockholm Exchange Market from year 2000-2009." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-9197.
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Background and problem: This paper illuminates the problem with temptation of earnings management. However, there are particular disadvantages when companies use this technique because it creates an information asymmetry at the stock market. Problem of earnings management is although not a new phenomenon there issue is the quality of financial reporting. The development is concerning, since recently the performance of financial report has a negative trend, a trend that could harm the financial world. If a company does not provide meaningful information the fundamentals of capital market lose confidence. Purpose: This study has two purposes. The first purpose is to evaluate the ability of various discretionary accruals model at Stockholm Exchange Market. The second purpose is concerning a new model in purpose to understand and reveal earnings management. Boundaries: Data contains only business corporations at large cap and operate at the Stockholm Stock Exchange market. Furthermore is this research based on a time series data from year 2000 – 2009 and cross section data from year 2009. Method: The approach of the methodology are inspired of prior earnings management research, as Healy (1985), DeAngelo (1986) and Jones (1991) which have relied on discretionary accruals to detect earnings management. Conclusion: The result indicates that the Jones modified model is the most powerful models to explain earnings management, which also is consistent with prior studies. The result from the extended Jones modified model indicates no improvement, concerning on revealing earnings management. Further, the results confirm that the null hypothesis can be rejected at 1% significant level but the F-value fall drastically compare to Jones modified model. Suggestions for further research: One suggestion is that more research should be conducted in order to develop accounting policies aimed at limiting the application of earnings management. Alternatively, future research should base on data that measures the phenomenon of earnings management at a deeper level. Yet there are some obstacles to gather desire data and therefore it is not easily accessible.<br>Bakgrund och problem: Den här studien undersöker resultatstyrning, då det finns både fördelar och nackdelar med att tillämpa denna metod. Problemet med resultatstyrning är dock inte ett nytt fenomen, där tidigare studier visar att kvalitet på den finansiella rapporteringen kan ifrågasättas. Företagens årsredovisning skall speglar en rättvisande bild av verksamheten och således är utvecklingen oroväckande eftersom trovärdigheten för den finansiella rapporteringen har fått en negativ trend, en trend som kan skada den finansiella marknaden. Syfte: Den här studien utvärdera och jämföra hur befintliga disketionära modeller förhåller sig på Stockholmsbörsen. Dessutom utvecklas en förbättringsmodell. En model med förklaringsvariabler som ger ett nytt och/eller annorlunda perspektiv på fenomenet. Avgränsningar: Undersökningen omfattar endast företag som är registrerad på large cap och verkar på Stockholmsbörsen. Data som används i studien är dels en tidsserie data från år 2000-2009 och dels tvärsnittsdata från år 2009. Metod: Den här undersökningen tillämpar liknande metoder som tidigare studier, beträffande resultatstyrning såsom Healy (1985), DeAngelo (1986) och Jones (1991) där de definierar diskretionär avsättning som vinstmanipulering. Slutsats: Resultaten visar att Jones modified model förklara och upptäcker resultatstyrning på ett bättre sätt än de andra modellerna. Denna slutsats överrensstämmer med tidigare studier. Resultaten från den utökande Jones modified model visar inte några förbättringar. Dock förkastar den noll hypotesen på 1 % signifikansnivå men F-värdet sjunker kraftigt jämförelsevis mot Jones modified model. Förslag till vidare forskning: Ett förslag är att framtida forskning bör bedrivas i syfte för att utveckla redovisningsprinciper som begränsar resultatstyrning. Alternativt förslag är att samla in data som mäter resultatstyrning på en djupare nivå, dock är det problematiskt med dagens
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Wong, Mun-yee Ada, and 黃敏儀. "A study of airline information systems and the challenge of ensuring their effectiveness beyond the year 2000." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31268389.
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Seal, Jennifer A. "A content analysis of employee publication content at the Mid-American Conference universities during the year 2000." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1327297.
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Many researchers agree that the best employee publications offer job and company-related information in an honest and timely manner. The challenge of balancing the mission of the organization and providing objective analysis of issues and events on campus also falls in the editor of university internal publications. The objectives of this study were to analyze the content of thirteen university employee publications and determine what type of content their employees were receiving and whether those non-profit organizations provide content that is similar to findings in previous research on for-profit organizations.The current research was a content analysis of employee publications at thirteen Mid-American Conference universities during the year 2000. Each publication was analyzed using two methods. First, each story or piece of content was categorized according to Click's (1967) established categories for employee publication content. Next, the researcher placed each content piece into one of two categories: issue-oriented or event-oriented content, based on research by Ryan and Owen (1976).Publications produced by the Mid-American Conference Universities provided significantly more employee content, 58 percent, than company/university content, 27 percent, supporting the first hypothesis. Findings from the current research were similar to the original research by Click (1967) in many ways. Results showed that the ranks of corporate publication content and university publication content are similar. Publications used for this study produced significantly more event-oriented content, 91.5 percent, than issue-oriented content, 8.5 percent, which supported the second hypothesis.<br>Department of Journalism
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Hail, Michael W. "The development of a long-range church growth plan for Kelly Baptist Church through the year 2000." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.
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Wong, Mun-yee Ada. "A study of airline information systems and the challenge of ensuring their effectiveness beyond the year 2000 /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18835909.
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Meinke, John R. "A study to determine the levels of hopelessness in 18 year old students who do or do not smoke cigarettes." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000meinkej.pdf.
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Glenn, Kimberly R. "Demographic Factors Associated with Condom Use in 18-24 Year Olds For Two States, 1998 and 2000/2001." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/19.
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Despite knowledge about the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), young adults continue to participate in sexual risk behaviors such as unprotected sexual intercourse. This study examines factors that influence condom use in adults aged 18-24 years in the United States. Using secondary data from the 1998, 2000, and 2001 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess the factors influencing condom use stratified by gender and study year. A p-value of <0.05 and 95% confidence intervals were used to determine statistical significance throughout all analysis performed. Univariate analysis found that increased age and being male were associated with increased odds of condom use. Multivariate analysis stratified by study year found that in 1998 increased age and unemployment was associated with increased odds of condom use. In 2000/2001, increased age was the only factor associated with increased odds of condom use. Being female was associated with decreased odds of condom use in that study year. When stratified by gender, only increased age was associated with increased condom use. The study results suggest that the factors influencing condom use vary between gender and year. Since different factors impact condom use for each gender, the interventions designed to increase condom use must be centered on those factors. Since age was one of the consistent factors positively associated with condom use, interventions must begin earlier to affect the decision-making processes of young adults.
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顧銘培 and Ming-pui Ku. "The essentials of project management in tackling the change of year 2000 on computer systems of an airline." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31267993.
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Jones, Raymond T. "Prediction of educational technology to be found in the public schools of the year 2000: a Delphi study." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40331.
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The world is shifting into an unprecedented technological age. Towns such as Blacksburg, Virginia, are now being called "electronic villages" with electronic infrastructure which not only ties together all aspects of the town but also connects the town to the world. Reality becomes "virtual" with information unimpeded by time and distance.
This rapid advancement in electronical technology is having an impact on world educational systems. Those planning the future of education have a need to know what directions this new technology might take in order to interface such technologies with the schools. The purpose of this study was to predict which present and emerging electronic technologies would be in significant use in the K-12 schools of the year 2000.
The Delphi technique was used to gather predictions from an expert panel of teachers, administrators, electronic media specialists, and those working in the technology industries. The predictions were gathered from winter 1994 to fall 1995 for the year 2000, taking into account the need for a reasonably accurate prediction which could be used for those now engaged in short-term planning and those engaged in generating the appropriate technologies for the schools. The types of present and emerging electronic technologies "to be found in K-12 schools of the year 2000 were solicited in round one of the study. Rounds two and three identified which technologies would indeed be in significant usage. Using a scale of 1 to 4 (1= very unimportant, 2= unimportant, 3=important, 4= very important), a group mean and standard deviation were calculated for each identified technology. Those technologies with a mean score of 3.00 or higher in round three were predicted to be those likely or very likely to be used in the K-12 schools of the year 2000.<br>Ed. D.
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Fent, Darla. "An Examination Of The Variation In Information Systems Project Cost Estimates: The Case Of Year 2000 Compliance Projects." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2535/.
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The year 2000 (Y2K) problem presented a fortuitous opportunity to explore the relationship between estimated costs of software projects and five cost influence dimensions described by the Year 2000 Enterprise Cost Model (Kappelman, et al., 1998) -- organization, problem, solution, resources, and stage of completion. This research was a field study survey of (Y2K) project managers in industry, government, and education and part of a joint project that began in 1996 between the University of North Texas and the Y2K Working Group of the Society for Information Management (SIM).
Evidence was found to support relationships between estimated costs and organization, problem, resources, and project stage but not for the solution dimension. Project stage appears to moderate the relationships for organization, particularly IS practices, and resources. A history of superior IS practices appears to mean lower estimated costs, especially for projects in larger IS organizations. Acquiring resources, especially external skills, appears to increase costs. Moreover, projects apparently have many individual differences, many related to size and to project stage, and their influences on costs appear to be at the sub-dimension or even the individual variable level. A Revised Year 2000 Enterprise Model is presented incorporating this granularity.
Two primary conclusions can be drawn from this research: (1) large software projects are very complex and thus cost estimating is also; and (2) the devil of cost estimating is in the details of knowing which of the many possible variables are the important ones for each particular enterprise and project. This points to the importance of organizations keeping software project metrics and the historical calibration of cost-estimating practices. Project managers must understand the relevant details and their interaction and importance in order to successfully develop a cost estimate for a particular project, even when rational cost models are used. This research also indicates that software cost estimating has political as well as rational influences at play.
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Ku, Ming-pui. "The essentials of project management in tackling the change of year 2000 on computer systems of an airline /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18830766.
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Gully, Tim W. "The bloody sacrifice of James White, A durkheimian analysis of the pedophile riots in Britain in the year 2000." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510766.
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A sociological analysis in the Durkheimian tradition was employed in the construction of this thesis. Drawing upon the literature and specific cases this thesis explores the construction, deployment and enactment of these concepts in relation to the social unrest stimulated in Britain by the abuse and murder of children, in particular focusing on the anti-pedophile riots that took place in the year 2000. With the growth of material security in the West, the lives of children have become less fragile. However - as Durkheim and Weber showed -the material development of the West has gone hand in hand with a decline in the dominance of traditional religious forms. One consequence of this is a collapse in time-honoured modes of togetherness. However, the impulse towards religiosity does not disappear and following Durkheim what we need analytically to do is identify where the sacred/profane classifications presently operate. One such place is children; they have become classified as sacred and they: a) represent material security: b) provide meaning because they are aimed at the future, so to speak. However, in order for communities of togetherness to form around children they have to be identified as at risk. The risk, amplified by various media, comes from child abusers, especially, child murderers, who thus become the scapegoat around whose sacrifice the community is formed, and therefore the togethernesst hat was formerly established by traditional religion is once again possib"It is thus not lack of cleanliness or health that causes abjection but what disturbs identity, system, order. What does not respect borders, positions, rules. The inbetween, the ambiguous, the composite. The traitor, the liar, the criminal with good conscience, the shameless rapist, the killer who claims he is a saviour .... Any crime, because it draws attention to the fragility of the law, is abject, but premeditated crime, cunning murder, hypocritical revenge are even more so because they heighten the display of such fragility. He who denies morality is not abject, there can be grandeur in amorality and even in crime that flaunts its disrespect for the law - rebellious, liberating, and suicidal crime. Abjection on the other hand, is immoral, sinister, scheming and shady: a terror that dissembles, a hated that smiles, a passion that uses the body for barter instead of inflaming it, a debtor who sells you up, a friend who stabs you..... " Kristeva, Julia (Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection, [1980] 1982: 4) "People fear sharks and yet it is the coconuts that present the real and present danger" Gully, Tim (Focus on the Child. In Ruch, Post Qualifying Child Care Social Work, 2009: 63) The Bloody
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Watkins, D. C. "Ten year trends (1990-2000) in biological and behavioural risk factors for coronary heart disease in Northern Irish adolescents." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368458.
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Kwan, Ngok-ying Margaret. "The role transformation of the district education offices from the perspective of new public management before and after year 2000." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3196722X.
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