Journal articles: 'Junk food'

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James, Cyan. "Junk food, junk science?" Science 362, no. 6410 (October 4, 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aau6602.

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Phillips, Anna. "Junk Food." American Scientist 95, no. 5 (2007): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1511/2007.67.402.

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Fitzpatrick, Mike. "Junk food." Lancet 363, no. 9413 (March 2004): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)15815-7.

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Gray, Juliet. "Let's junk the junk food approach." Nutrition Bulletin 25, no. 3 (September 2000): 187–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-3010.2000.00057.x.

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Shulman, Stanford T. "Junk Food Thoughts." Pediatric Annals 44, no. 5 (May 1, 2015): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00904481-20150512-01.

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Berg, Livia. "Junk Food Facts." Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior 48, no. 2 (February 2016): 158.e3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2015.08.011.

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Pashley, Ree. "Junk Food Solidarity." Gastronomica 20, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2020.20.3.88.

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Pathak, Sapana, Ashish Baral, and Basanta Prasad Adhikari. "Factors Influencing Undergraduate Students’ Motivation for Junk Food." OCEM Journal of Management, Technology & Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (January 30, 2024): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ocemjmtss.v3i1.62208.

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Consuming junk food is linked to several health problems, including obesity, diabetes, heart disease and cancer. The objective of this study was to examine the undergraduate students’ motivation for junk food. This study applied a quantitative research design to examine undergraduate students’ motivation towards junk food choices and the resulting contentment. A survey instrument was employed to collect comprehensive data on factors influencing student’s motivation, using a descriptive statistical analysis method. A representative sample of two hundred participants was selected through a simple random sampling technique. The results of this research indicate a positive association between prioritizing healthy and quality food and convenience food that tends to challenge a healthy diet and undergraduate students’ motivation for junk foods. The results further show a negative association between guardians’ influence, easy access to junk food, college regulations, attractive adds, health impact, the decision to buy junk food and motivation of undergraduate students on junk foods. The implications of this study would benefit policymakers, researchers, academicians, college leaders, teachers and faculty members of educational institutions to understand the current trends of undergraduate student on junk food consumption. Furthermore, the results add new literature on the motivation of junk foods among undergraduate students in the Neplese context. Future research is expected to examine the influencing factors to consume junk food in detail and large scale research.

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Shafiullah, S., and R. Sivakumar. "EXPLORING THE ADOLESCENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS JUNK FOOD IN TIRUVANNAMALAI." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 9 (October 18, 2021): 360–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i9.2021.4152.

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The term fast food or as referred as the junk food is the food which can be served immediately for eating. Sausages, hamburgers and pizzas come under the category of fast food or the junk food. It can be otherwise said that junk food and fast food are used as synonyms. These junk foods are inherent with a high level of energy with high content of sugar, salt and fat. On the contrary, these types of food have the characteristics of low nutritious level with low level of protein, low level of vitamin, low fibre content as well as low level of minerals. The definition for junk food had been given as the foods which are prepared earlier then served or the ones which are prepared immediately for serving. In this context, the current research study has been done to analyse the adolescent’s attitude towards the junk foods. The study has been carried out the junk food consumers in Tiruvannamalai. The respondents of the study are selected through convenience sampling and the sample size is fixed at 100. Questionnaire is the instrument used to collect the information for the study. The collected data is put into analysis through the technique of mean score. The result of the study shows that most of adolescents like the taste of junk food.

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Harrington, Monica. "Is junk food addictive?" Lab Animal 39, no. 5 (May 2010): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/laban0510-126b.

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Acharya, Shiva R., Sandip Pahari, Deog H. Moon, and Yong C. Shin. "Junk Food Consumption, Perceptions and Associated Factors among the Private School Children." Current Nutrition & Food Science 17, no. 6 (June 9, 2021): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573401317666210208115732.

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Background: Urbanization and recent development in the food industries have led to a notable increase in junk food production, making them readily available, accessible and affordable. The main problem with junk foods is that they are low in satiation value. People do not tend to feel as full when they eat them, which can lead to overeating. Junk food tends to replace other, more nutritious foods. It is considered as one of the prominent causes of the pandemic of obesity. Objective: The study aims to find out the perception and factors influencing junk food consumption among private school children of Pokhara Valley, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 students of 12 different private schools of grades 4-9 in Pokhara, Nepal. Systematic random sampling was done to collect samples. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Chi-square (χ2) test was used to find out the associated factors with junk food consumption. Results: Though the majority of the students (80.9%) stated, junk food was unhealthy but were predominantly lured by its taste. Taste (80.5%), lack of time (16.4%), advertisement (13.6%) and changing lifestyle (6.4%) were the major influencing factors for junk food consumption. Half of the students were unaware of the nutritive value, food quality, ingredients, preservatives used and negative consequences on health. Grade of the students and gender were found to be associated with the average frequency of junk food use per week and junk food consumption pattern, respectively. The data shows the average consumption of junk food increases as the students grew from smaller grades to higher ones (X2=53.025, P ≤0.01). Conclusion: Junk food consumption was notably high due to various enabling factors such as addictive taste, changing lifestyle, propagandist advertising and instant availability. Grade and gender of the students were the predictors of over-consuming junk foods.

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Singh, Daman Bahadur. "Increasing Use of Junk Food in Nepalese Society." Journal of Development Review 6, no. 01 (January 30, 2021): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jdr.v6i01.66910.

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Foods that are high in calories, salt, sugar and fat, but protein, vitamins and minerals are almost zero are considered as junk foods Such foods include pizza, burgers, chowmein, bakery items, fried plain roasted food, and highly used foods with food colors and flavors. The use of such foods has increased tremendously in Nepali society. As a result, at an early age, sugar, blood pressure, heart related diseases, kidney related problems, digestive problems, obesity related problems are appearing in Nepalis. In order to solve the health problems caused by the excessive use of junk food in Nepali society, it has become necessary to implement a clear policy to limit the consumption of junk food atthe national level.

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Pahari, Sandip, and Nirdesh Baral. "Perception and Factors Influencing Junk Food Consumption among School Children of Pokhara." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences 10, no. 2 (October 7, 2020): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37107/jhas.140.

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Introduction: The main problem with junk foods is that they're low in satiation, that is, people don't feel as full when they eat them, which can lead to overeating. Another problem is that junk food tends to replace other more nutritious foods. In our diet over the time, urbanization and recent development in the foods industries have led to the notable increase in junk food production making them readily available, accessible and affordable. The main objective of this study was to understand the perception and identify factors influencing junk food consumption among school level children of Pokhara. Methods: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted among 220 students of 12 different private schools of Pokhara of grade 4-9. Systematic random sampling was done to select the required samples and the data was collected using self-administered questionnaire and personal interviews. Results: Majority (81%) of the students considered junk food consumption to be unhealthy. About half of the students were unaware of the nutritive value, quality of the food, ingredients, preservatives used and negative consequences of junk foods. There is a significant difference between the grade of the students and the average frequency of junk food use per week. The average consumption of junk food increases as the grades of students increases.(Chi square =53.025, p ≤0.01). Conclusion: Consumption of junk food was notably high due to various enabling factors such as addictive taste, changing lifestyle, propagandist advertising and instant availability. Grade and sex of the students were found to be significant predictors in over consuming junk foods.

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sheroze, Muhammad waqaruddin, Muhammad Ayoob Memon, and Musleh Uddin Kalar. "Frequency of Junk Food and Depression in Children." International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science 02, no. 02 (February 2, 2016): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol02-i02/05.

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Potter, Anna. "Junk Food or Junk TV: How Will the UK Ban on JUNK Food Advertising Affect Children's Programs?" Media International Australia 125, no. 1 (November 2007): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0712500103.

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The implementation of a partial junk food television advertising ban in the United Kingdom is adding to the woes of commercial broadcasters already under pressure in a fiercely competitive multi-channel environment. The UK free-to-air channel ITV1 recently announced the closure of its children's programs production unit and children's television production in the United Kingdom has been described as being ‘in meltdown’. The United Kingdom represents a crucial market for Australian producers of children's programs, who have traditionally sourced up to 80 per cent of their production budgets from UK partners. Australian cultural policy is adding to the challenges facing these producers, through the demands inherent in the ‘C’ classification. If Australia is to remain committed to the provision of dedicated children's programs, alternative sources of funding will have to be found.

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Potter, Anna. "Junk Food or Junk TV: How will the Uk Ban on Junk Food Advertising Affect Children's Programs?" Media International Australia 125, no. 1 (November 2007): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0812500103.

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The implementation of a partial junk food television advertising ban in the United Kingdom is adding to the woes of commercial broadcasters already under pressure in a fiercely competitive multi-channel environment. The UK free-to-air channel ITV1 recently announced the closure of its children's programs production unit and children's television production in the United Kingdom has been described as being ‘in meltdown’. The United Kingdom represents a crucial market for Australian producers of children's programs, who have traditionally sourced up to 80 per cent of their production budgets from UK partners. Australian cultural policy is adding to the challenges facing these producers, through the demands inherent in the ‘C classification. If Australia is to remain committed to the provision of dedicated children's programs, alternative sources of funding will have to be found.

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Kokilaa, Gunaseelan Latha, Ravichandhiran Gowthamkarthic, Abhinandan Wali, and Soumya Agadi. "Perception and practice of junk food consumption among undergraduate students in a medical university in Chengalpattu District”." World Nutrition 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.26596/wn.202314327-35.

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IntroductionJunk foods are defined as processed foods with negligible nutrient value and are often high in salt, sugar, and fat. Junk foods with high sugar content deplete energy levels and the ability to concentrate for extended periods, especially for college students who are forced to consume junk food to curb their hunger as it gives them a sense of pleasure. Due to low prices and affordability, they consume junk food as an alternative to home food. MethodologyThis was a cross-sectional study carried out among undergraduate medical college students in the Chengalpattu district by systematic random sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire which was framed after reviewing similar works of literature was used to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding junk food consumption. The collected data were entered into MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 21. P value <0.05 was considered significant. ResultsOf the 260 participants, 51% were males and 49% were females with a mean age of 20±2.0 years. 65% of the respondents had adequate knowledge regarding the harmful effects of junk food consumption and their BMI scores tended to be in the normal range. 45% of participants felt lethargic after consuming junk food. Chi-square revealed a statistically significant association between the student’s year of study (0.004) and their knowledge score, suggesting that the knowledge level was higher for interns. ConclusionThe present study concludes that most participants had adequate knowledge of junk food consumption patterns. Nutrition counseling regarding a balanced diet and the harmful effects of junk foods may help to curb junk food addiction.

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Bhavani, V., and N. Prabhavathy Devi. "Junk and Sink: A Comparative Study on Junk Food Intake among Students of India." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 7, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v7i4.1335.

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Background: Adequate and balanced nourishment is vital for upholding health and quality of life. Maintaining the right eating habits of college students means a lot for the prevention of many diseases that could occur in the adult period. Thus the purpose of the study is to assess the junk food consumption of college students.Aim: To study the dietary habits concerning junk food consumption of college studentsResults: About 16% consume junk foods daily. Hungry was the main reason to consume junk foods; Ice cream was the most preferred food for most of the participants. Majority of the participant mentioned taste as the major factor influencing the food intake.Conclusion: Nutrition professionals should take up the role and spread awareness in the general public and give them better guidance. A well-balanced diet, periodic physical activity, sufficient sleep, with good life style habits help in sound mind and healthy body leading to a happy life.

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T., Kavimalar, and Muttappa R. Gudadinni. "Practice of junk food consumption among college students: an observational study in Northern Karnataka." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 10, no. 12 (November 30, 2023): 4920–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233800.

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Background: Globalisation and urbanisation have significantly changed peoples eating patterns and forced many individuals to eat foods which have high calorie and low nutritional value foods called junk foods. Excessive consumption of fast food is often associated with increased risk of non-communicable diseases, presenting a public health challenge. India’s fast-food industry is expanding at the rate of 40% every year. India ranks 10th in the Fast-food per capita spending figures with 2.1% of expenditure in annual total spending. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge and practice of junk food among college students. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among college students in Vijayapura city, during June to July 2022. The data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire, convenience sampling of 683 students were the participants of the study. Results: Out of 683 participants, 25.9% doesn’t care about the harmful effects of consuming junk. Around 61.8% of respondents are influenced by the taste and flavour of the junk. And 64.9 % of the respondents were aware enough to check mostly, whereas 29.3 percent were never had the habit of checking the nutrient fact label. Conclusions: As majority of the students consume junk, the adequate knowledge about the junk among them were relatively low, along with public health awareness, nutritional counselling can also be given to the students. And they are influenced mostly by the taste and easy availability.

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Dave, Preeti H., and Pinal P. Jadav. "Awareness regarding health effects of junk food consumption amongst polytechnic students." Gujarat Journal of Extension Education 34, no. 1 (December 25, 2022): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.56572/gjoee.2022.34.1.0030.

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Junk food is the food that is served at fast food outlets, quickly and easily processed and prepared but lack in essential nutrients with dense in calories. Such junk foods are having poor nutritive value and are not healthy. Looking to this, it was found essential to study awareness regarding health effects of junk food consumption amongst polytechnic students studying at polytechnic, Khedbrahma. All the students were purposively selected for the study. A questionnaire was used for data collection. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out. Results showed that students did not had clear idea about which foods can be considered as junk food. The level of awareness of health effects of junk food consumption among polytechnic students was checked and it was found that majority (68%) of them had medium knowledge, less than one fourth (18%) had low knowledge and only few (4%) were having high knowledge. Most of them (75.60 %) were interested in getting information about healthy snacks which can replace junk food.

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Gketsios, Ioannis, Thomas Tsiampalis, Alexandra Foscolou, Tonia Vassilakou, Aikaterini Kanellopoulou, Venetia Notara, George Antonogeorgos, et al. "The Association of Junk Food Consumption with Preadolescents’ Environmental Influences: A School-Based Epidemiological Study in Greece." Children 9, no. 12 (December 2, 2022): 1891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9121891.

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of environmental influences on Greek preadolescents’ junk food consumption. A cross-sectional study, was conducted among 1718 preadolescents (mean (standard deviation(SD)) age: 11.2(0.8) years old; 54% girls) and their parents, during the school years 2014–2016. Parental and child characteristics were collected anonymously, through self-administered and validated questionnaires. Among others, junk food consumption was recorded, classifying children as low, moderate, and high consumers. The majority of the preadolescents were classified as at least moderate junk food consumers, while almost 3/10 children were classified as high junk food consumers. A significantly lower junk food consumption was observed among preadolescents with a healthier family environment, consisting of normal-weight parents who consume junk foods less frequently, prefer home-cooked meals and adhere more to the Mediterranean diet, while more frequent family meals were also associated with lower junk food consumption. In addition, influence from teachers and participation in extracurricular sports activities were significantly associated with lower junk food consumption, while advertisements were found to have a significant negative impact on preadolescents’ eating habits. Notwithstanding, peers were not found to influence their dietary choices in terms of junk food consumption. Both parents and teachers seem to be positive influencers on preadolescents’ low junk food consumption. The detrimental role of advertisements on junk food consumption is reconfirmed, while peers’ influence is not significant on junk food consumption. The need for urgent public health initiatives for the promotion of healthy dietary habits among preadolescents is warranted.

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Nagammanavar, Renukaraj Yallappa, Deelip Somaninga Natekar, and Jyoti . "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Health Teaching Program on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Adverse Effects of Junk Foods Among Adolescent Students of Selected High School of Bagalkot." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 8, no. 4 (December 13, 2023): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20230430.

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Background: Food is of no exception; Healthy nutritious foods have been replaced by the new food mantra ‘junk food’. Junk food comprises of anything that is quick, tasty, convenient and fashionable. It seems to have engulfed every age, every race and the newest entrants in children. Varieties of junk foods are Pizza, Burgers, Cakes, Gobi, Butter chicken, chips, Ice creams, Chocolates, French fries and Sandwich, and harmful effects are such as Constipation, Heart attack, Dental problem, Indigestion, Weight gain, Cancer, Pimples, Nutritional deficiency, Fatigue. Methods: In this study, the sample size is 120 adolescents in the age group of 13-15 years of selected English medium high school of Bagalkot. Convenient sampling technique was used for selection of high school in Bagalkot. A disproportionate stratified random sampling was used to select 120 adolescents. Data collection done by Structured knowledge questionnaire on health hazards of junk food and attitude scale on consumption of junk food which developed by researcher. Results: The post-test results showed that (100%) of adolescents having good knowledge and the highest number of adolescents (88%) having unfavorable attitude, there was significant association between adolescent knowledge score with class studying in chi-square value is 6.2, and there was significant association between adolescent’s attitude score with previous information chi-square value is 8.4. Conclusion: After evaluation of knowledge and attitude on adolescents on adverse effects of junk foods among adolescents, it was found that most of adolescents had poor knowledge and unfavorable attitude regarding junk food. Keywords: Attitude, Adolescents, Junk foods, Knowledge.

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Mandal, Suchandra Samanta, and Deb Prasad Sikdar. "Learning for Healthy Food Habit: Avoiding Junk Foods." IRA International Journal of Education and Multidisciplinary Studies (ISSN 2455-2526) 7, no. 3 (June 27, 2017): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jems.v7.n3.p4.

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<div><p class="UserBody">Dietary behavior is very important for the growth and development of human beings. Nutritional status of an individual is highly influenced by varied eating patterns. In recent years there is a tendency of excessive intake of dietary fats and sugars in comparison to fruits and vegetables. Especially children and adolescents are getting more and more addicted to junk foods and fast foods and pursuing an unhealthy food habit. The adults have also fallen prey to this menace. The consequences are obesity, various physical and mental complications, learning disorders, etc. This paper is aimed at finding out the actual reasons behind such problem and how it can be solved. Informal and formal learning may have profound effect in this regard. Children, youth and adults need to realize that they are vulnerable to rapidly changing world and have to learn how to cope with it. For this they require continuous building up of practical knowledge, attitude, skills and motivation that will lead them to a healthy lifestyle or healthy living.</p></div>

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Gautam, Murari Krishna. "Increasing Use of Junk Food in Nepalese Society: A Historical Study." Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42603.

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Foods that are high in calories, salt, sugar and fat, but protein, vitamins and minerals are almost zero are considered as junk foods. Such foods include pizza, burgers, chowmein, bakery items, fried plain roasted food, and highly used foods with food colors and flavors. The use of such foods has increased tremendously in Nepali society. As a result, at an early age, sugar, blood pressure, heart related diseases, kidney related problems, digestive problems, obesity related problems are appearing in Nepalis. In order to solve the health problems caused by the excessive use of junk food in Nepali society, it has become necessary to implement a clear policy to limit the consumption of junk food at the national level.

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Jahan, Afraz. "Junk Food Addiction Across Generations in Urban Karnataka, India." Journal of Communicable Diseases 52, no. 01 (April 30, 2020): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202008.

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SUBEDI, SURAKSHA, SUVASH NAYAJU, SWETA SUBEDI, ASTHA ACHARYA, and ASHOK PANDEY. "KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE ON JUNK FOOD CONSUMPTION AMONG HIGHER LEVEL STUDENTS AT SELECTED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF KATHMANDU, NEPAL." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 12 (January 18, 2021): 306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i12.2020.2872.

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Background: Junk food is a term for food that is of little nutritional value and often high in fat, sugar, salt, and calories. Junk food can have a detrimental effect on levels of energy and mental well-being. Consumption of large quantities of junk food is associated with a drastic reduction in the consumption of nutritious foods such as milk, fruits and vegetables. High revenues, rapid urbanization, free home delivery, mouthwatering commercials and foreign cuisines have led to growing trend in the consumption of junk food. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge, prevalence, practice and influencing factors of junk food consumption among students of educational institutions of Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: A Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Total 367 participants were selected from educational institutions of Kathmandu using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using Semi-structured Questionnaire by self-administered method. Findings: Around half (45.2%) of the respondent had poor level of knowledge, and only 19.1% of respondents had adequate knowledge regarding harmful effects of junk food consumption. All of the respondents had practice of junk food consumption. Research implications: The outcome of this study provides detailed understanding of not only knowledge, prevalence and practice of junk food consumption among students but also the reasons and influencing factors for students to consume junk food regardless of their knowledge on harmful effect and complications of junk food consumption. Practical Implications: The findings of this paper seeks to urge the concerned authorities to admit the fact that, the course with small topic regarding effects of junk food consumption alone cannot minimize the practice of junk food consumption among students, banning the advertisement which encourage the students to consume junk food is very crucial and to conduct the awareness programme regarding harmful effect of junk food consumption among all level of students through media and course work is necessary to prevent malnourishment and complications of junk food among students. Originality: This is the first survey regarding knowledge and practice on junk food consumption among students of educational institutions, and the area (educational institutions) were selected to collect the data from the students of various background (age, education level, ethnicity etc.) at same time, so that the results can be generalized among student.

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Wootan, Margo G. "Ridding Schools of Junk Food." NASN School Nurse 25, no. 2 (March 2010): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942602x09358606.

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Milani, G. P., M. Silano, A. Pietrobelli, and C. Agostoni. "Junk food concept: seconds out." International Journal of Obesity 41, no. 5 (January 23, 2017): 669–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2017.18.

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Schwerthöffer, Dirk, and Josef Bäuml. "„Junk-Food”-Intervention bei Vergiftungswahn." Psychiatrische Praxis 34, no. 8 (November 2007): 400–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-940061.

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Mcfedries, Paul. "The Jargon of Junk Food." IEEE Spectrum 50, no. 6 (June 2013): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2013.6521023.

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Rangarajan, Balaji. "Junk food may be addictive." BMJ 326, Suppl S3 (March 1, 2003): 030350a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sbmj.030350a.

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Chen, Wei-ting. "From “Junk Food ” to “Treats”." Food, Culture & Society 19, no. 1 (January 2, 2016): 151–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15528014.2016.1145008.

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Österblom, Henrik, Olof Olsson, Thorsten Blenckner, and Robert W. Furness. "Junk-food in marine ecosystems." Oikos 117, no. 7 (June 9, 2008): 967–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2008.16501.x.

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Mitka, Mike. "Senate Eyes School Junk Food." JAMA 295, no. 18 (May 10, 2006): 2130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.295.18.2130-b.

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Mishra, Shubhi. "Consumption of Junk Foods and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Review." International Journal of Horticulture, Agriculture and Food science 7, no. 2 (2023): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijhaf.7.2.2.

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According to the estimation of International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 2021, there are 537 million diabetics worldwide. The purpose of the current review is to explore the relationship between consumption of junk food and type 2 diabetes. Junk food is defined as being easily accessible, typically inexpensive, and having low nutritive value. These foods have lesser amounts of iron, calcium, and dietary fiber and are higher in calories, salt, and saturated fat. Unhealthy diet is one of the important lifestyle factors responsible for several health conditions. Junk foods includes deep fried, processed or ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and high sugar containing foodstuffs and beverages such as Sugar Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) are directly linked with higher body mass index (BMI), adiposity and increased insulin resistance (IR). For pertinent databases IDF Atlas reports, PubMed, Springer, Elsevier, Web of Science and BMJ were searched for original and meta-analysis studies published up to March, 2023. In recent decades, consumption of these foods has significantly increased worldwide. The primary risk factor for type 2 diabetes is obesity and consuming junk foods is strongly associated with being obese. Junk food consequences include an increase in type 2 diabetes cases especially among youths and adult women compared to men. Obesity or high BMI indicate a positive energy balance due to junk food intake. As a result, the recurrent consumption of junk food increases the likelihood of developing the type 2 diabetes.

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Bhave, Swati Y. "Understanding the Pattern of Adolescents’ Nutritional Behaviour and Lifestyle." Indian Journal of Youth & Adolescent Health 10, no. 01 (January 25, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2349.2880.202301.

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Introduction: Junk food is increasingly becoming a part of the regular diet for most adolescents in India. Rich in fat and salt content, such food is known to cause nutritional, affective, behavioural, cognitive alterations. The present cross-sectional study thus aimed to understand the patterns of junk food consumption in school-going adolescents in India. Method: A semi-structured, self-administered, pre-tested questionnaire, created by AACCI, was administered in a public co-ed school in central Delhi. The survey consisted of questions on knowledge and choice of junk food and healthy habits. The sample consisted of 140 participants, who were 10th and 11th graders. Results: The foremost reason for choosing junk food was its taste in 78.8% of boys and in 72.3% of girls. There was no significant difference in the frequency of junk food consumption between girls and boys, however, their choices of food differed. Girls reported consuming more sweets (p = 0.034), while boys consumed more high-salt foods (p = 0.031) per week. Of the total boys (54%) and girls (46%), only 35% had a normal BMI. Conclusion: The consumption of junk food by school-going adolescents was high. The study highlights the need for nutritional education and regulatory mechanisms to help students monitor their junk food consumption and the importance of promoting healthy food alternatives, health care habits in this population.

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Karki, Upendra, Janak K. Thapa, Raj K. Sangroula, Pramodh Chaudhary, Salina Thapa, Arati D. Shrestha, Pabitra Balampaki, Alina Thapa, Dipak Karki, and Deependra K. Thapa. "Junk food consumption among school-age adolescents in Kanakasundari rural municipality, Jumla." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 12 (November 28, 2022): 4405. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20223189.

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Background: Junk foods typically contain high calories from sugar or fat with little protein, vitamins, or minerals. This study was conducted to determine the consumption and prevalence of junk food consumed among school-age adolescents. The main aims of this study were to find out the junk food consumption among school-age adolescents (5-18) in Kanakasundari rural municipality.Methods: This was analytical cross-sectional research. The total sample size for the study was 280. Purposive sampling was used to select the schools and census was used to select the students from the schools. A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire in Nepali version was used to collect the data and the collected data were entered and analysed in SPSS using simple statistical methods.Results: Among the 280 respondents, the mean age was 15.17 years. The consumption of junk food among adolescents was 45 percent among males and 55 percent among females. Religion (p=0.011) and type of family (p=0.034) were significantly associated with junk food consumption. The participants following Hindu religion were 3.43 times more likely to be consume junk food (COR=3.430, 95% CI=1.256-9.366) as compared to non-Hindu. Participants residing in joint family were less likely to consume junk food (COR=0.490, 95% CI=0.252-0.954) as compared to nuclear family.Conclusions: Majority of children consumed junk food regularly; the majority preferred it for taste and some were influenced by advertisements. There is a great need to maintain healthy eating habits among adolescents to decrease the health risk associated with frequent junk food.

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Sharma, Bhagawoti. "Junk Food Consumption Practices among the College Students in Banke District." KMC Journal 4, no. 2 (August 26, 2022): 198–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kmcj.v4i2.47778.

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Junk foods are easy to prepare and take but have low nutritional value and contain only fat, high sugar, salt, calories, and colours which adversely affect the health of college students. The objective of this study was to assess the junk food consumption practice and its causes and study the relationship between socio-demographic factors and frequency of junk food consumption among college students. This study utilized a cross-sectional research design under quantitative research. Three hundred and fifty-four students were selected by using the multistage sampling method. A set of questionnaire was used to collect the required data. The collected data were entered and analyzed in SPSS version 20 using simple statistical methods including univariate and bivariate analysis. This study found that all of the respondents consumed junk food, among them 33.1 percent of the respondents consumed doughnuts, 40.1 percent of the respondents consumed chat-pat, 37.9 percent of the respondent consumed pani-puri, 39.0 percent of the respondents consumed noodles, 22.31 percent of the respondents consumed chocolates. Likewise, 60.7percent of the respondents consumed junk food in the afternoon and least (2.8%) of the respondents consumed junk food at night. Similarly, 30.2 percent of the respondents consumed junk food three times a day and 12.4 percent of the respondents consumed twice a day. Likewise, this study also found that there is no relationship between socio-demographic factors (age, gender, religion, fathers’ education, mothers’ education, fathers’ occupation, mothers’ occupation) and frequency of junk food consumption among college students. Furthermore, this study found that the main reason of taking junk food is it being easy to make and influence of advertisements, save time, and its taste. Therefore, this study suggests conducting junk food related health awareness programmes for college students.

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Stanislas Kotska Marvel Mayello Teguh and Alexander Halim Santoso. "Study Analysis of the Role of High-Calorie Food (Junk Food) on the Incident of Adolescent Obesity: A Community-Based Observational Study of Senior High School Adolescents in Tangerang Regency, Indonesia." Community Medicine and Education Journal 5, no. 2 (June 11, 2024): 532–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/cmej.v5i2.576.

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Adolescent obesity is an increasingly worrying global health problem. Consuming high-calorie foods (junk food) is thought to be one of the main risk factors. This study aims to analyze the role of high-calorie foods on the incidence of obesity in senior high school adolescents in Tangerang Regency, Indonesia. This community-based observational research involved 350 randomly selected senior high school students in Tangerang Regency. Data were collected through food questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical examinations. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression to identify the association between junk food consumption and obesity, with adjustment for potential confounding factors. The results showed that consumption of high-calorie foods was significantly associated with an increased risk of obesity in adolescents (OR = 2.87; 95% CI: 1.65-4.98). Adolescents who frequently consume junk food have a 2.87 times higher risk of becoming obese than those who rarely consume it. Apart from that, a positive relationship was also found between the frequency of consumption of junk food body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. Consumption of high-calorie foods has a significant role in increasing the risk of obesity in senior high school adolescents in Tangerang Regency. Comprehensive nutritional and public health interventions are needed to reduce junk food consumption and promote healthy eating patterns to prevent obesity in adolescents.

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Wijaya, Nadya Videlia, Dahliah Dahliah, and Erni Pancawati. "Dampak Kebiasaan Mengonsumsi Junk Food Terhadap Berat Badan." MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal 4, no. 2 (February 1, 2024): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v4i2.13133.

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ABSTRACT Fast food is food that can be prepared and served very quickly. Junk food refers to fast food that contains refined sugar, white flour, trans fat, salt, high unsaturated fat and many food additives such as monosodium glutamate (MSG) and tartrazine, as well as less protein, vitamins and fiber. This study used qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques are carried out by literature study. The data that has been collected is then analyzed through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results showed that junk food such as burgers, French fries, pizza, grilled or fried chicken and chips generally contain a lot of saturated fat. Consumption of junk food has several impacts on health, one of them can cause changes in body weight, namely obesity. Since the 21st century, obesity has been referred to as a global pandemic because its spread from teenagers to adults due to junk food has been proven. The affordability, taste, accessibility, and variety of junk food on the market are key factors contributing to the impact it has on health. Keywords: Fast Food, Junk Food, Body Weight, Obesity ABSTRAK Makanan cepat saji adalah makanan yang dapat disiapkan dan disajikan dengan sangat cepat. Junk food mengacu pada makanan cepat saji yang mengandung gula rafinasi, tepung putih, lemak trans, garam, lemak tak jenuh yang tinggi dan banyak bahan tambahan makanan seperti monosodium glutamat (MSG) dan tartrazine, serta kurang protein, vitamin dan serat. Junk food seperti burger, kentang goreng, pizza, ayam bakar atau goreng dan keripik umumnya mengandung banyak lemak jenuh. Konsumsi junk food memiliki beberapa dampak terhadap kesehatan yang diantaranya dapat menyebabkan kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas. Sejak abad ke-21, obesitas telah disebut sebagai pandemik global karena penyebarannya dari remaja ke orang dewasa yang terbukti mengonsumsi junk food. Keterjangkauan, rasa, aksesibilitas, dan variasi junk food di pasaran adalah faktor kunci yang berkontribusi terhadap dampak yang terjadi pada Kesehatan. Kata Kunci: Makanan Cepat Saji, Junk Food, Berat Badan, Obesitas

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Sapkota, Shubha Devi, and Seema Neupane. "Junk Food Consumption Among Secondary Level Students, Chitwan." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 37, no. 2 (February 24, 2018): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v37i2.17081.

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Introduction: Junk food is a pejorative term for cheap food containing high levels of calories from sugar or fat with little fibre, protein, vitamins or minerals. This study was conducted to assess the junk food consumption and patterns of consumed junk food among secondary level students.Material and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional research. Hundred forty-two respondents were drawn by using cluster sampling method. Self-administered semi-structured questionnaire in Nepali Version was used and the collected data was entered and analysed in Epi-data and SPSS Version 20 by using simple statistical methods.Results: The findings revealed that more girls (53.5%) consumed junk food than boys (79.6%) and those respondents were aware of the meaning of junk food. Majority of respondents (90.1%) preferred junk food for taste, is faster to prepare (44.4%), preferred as influenced by TV advertisements (15.5%), because of peer influences (31.7%) and some (29.6%) respondents preferred junk food because nothing else was available. Concerning patterns of consumed junk food all respondents (100%) consumed ‘chat-pat’ and noodles, panipuri (97.2%), doughnuts (93%), chocolates (92.3%), biscuits (95.8%), ice cream (65.5%) and cold drinks (65.5%). Only 54.2% of respondents were aware of risks associated with poor eating habits.Conclusion: Adolescents consumed a greater amount of junk food which led to a majority of ill effects later on. It is recommended that the school and community conduct and implement awareness programme on junk food consumption and its ill effects.

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Tavassoli, Elahe, Mahnoush Reisi, Masoumeh Alidosti, and Akbar Babaei Heydarabadi. "The Relationship of Perceptions, Self-efficacy, and Junk Food Consumption With Demographic Variables in Female Students in Shahrekord." International Journal of Epidemiologic Research 5, no. 3 (September 15, 2018): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijer.2018.18.

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Background and aims: Inappropriate or imbalanced consumption of foods may lead to several health problems, especially among adolescents, the complications of which will remain for several years. This study aimed to investigate perceptions, self-efficacy, and the status of junk food consumption and their relationship with demographic variables in female high school students in Shahrekord using Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: This is a descriptive- analytic study conducted in academic year 2016-2017. Three hundred twenty-three adolescent girls (second grade high school students of Shahrekord) were selected through cluster sampling method. A standard questionnaire, according to the structures of health belief model (perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy) and a checklist for assessment of junk food consumption was used to collect data. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 16 and descriptive as well as analytic tests. Results: The mean age of the participants was 16.03 ± 1.24 years old. The mean scores of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy in proper consumption of junk foods were 55.66 ± 20.95; the mean frequency of junk food consumption among the students was reported to be 6.17 ± 3.18 times. There was a significantly inverse associations among perceived self-efficacy, severity, and benefit and junk food consumption. The mean frequency of junk food consumption in the schools under investigation was 6.67 ± 3.62 times. Conclusion: Considering the consumption of relatively high amounts of junk foods, the students’ low levels of knowledge and perception and the effect of peer groups, it is necessary to promote students’ nutritional knowledge, change adolescents’ diet, and pay more attention to packaging of healthy foods and making them more attractive

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Sumarni, Rantiningsih, Edi Sampurno, and Veriani Aprilia. "Konsumsi Junk Food dan Hipertensi pada Lansia di Kecamatan Kasihan, Bantul, YogyakartaKasihan,." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan Indonesia 3, no. 2 (March 30, 2016): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/jnki.2015.3(2).59-63.

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<p>The risk of hypertension increases in line with a changes in modern lifestyle. Elderly tends to select food such as junk food with high calories, and fat, but low in ﬁ ber and other nutrients. Junk food contains high amounts of sodium that can increase the volume of blood in the body, so make stronger heart blood pumps and cause the higher blood pressure (hypertension). The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between junk food consumption and hypertension in elderly in Kasihan sub-district Bantul, Yogyakarta. This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. The samples were 100 elderly lives in Kasihan sub-district Bantul, Yogyakarta. The results showed that there was relationship between the consumption of junk food and hypertension. Respondents who suffered from hypertension were 49 (67.1%) who often consumed junk food and 24 respondents (32.9%) who rarely consumed junk food. Respondents who did not undergo hypertension were 9 respondents (33.3%) that often consumed junk food and 18 respondents (66.7%) that rarely consumed junk food. In conclusion, there was a relationship between junk food consumption and hypertension in elderly. Risk of hypertension in respondents who consumed more often junk food were 4.083 times higher than them who rarely consumed junk food.</p>

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Schillinger, Dean, and Cristin Kearns. "Guidelines to Limit Added Sugar Intake: Junk Science or Junk Food?" Annals of Internal Medicine 166, no. 4 (December 20, 2016): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/m16-2754.

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Siregar, Lis Yulianti, and Maulia Mutiara Siagian. "Persepsi Orang Tua tentang Konsumsi Junk Food untuk Anak Usia Dini." Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini 7, no. 3 (June 26, 2023): 3477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i3.4638.

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Kesehatan anak membutuhkan perhatian khusus dengan adanya peningkatan inovasi berbagai junk food yang mudah ditemukan. Jika konsumsi junk food tidak diperhatikan porsi dan frekuensinya dikhawatirkan dapat memberikan dampak negatif terhadap kesehatan anak. Tujuan penelitian yakni untuk mengetahui persepsi orang tua terhadap junk food dan upaya orang tua untuk meminimalisisr pengaruh junk food. Pendekatan penelitian dengan kualitatif menggunakan desain studi kasus yang melibatkan ibu dari tiga anak yang berumur 3-6 tahun. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian ini memunculkan tiga tema utama yakni gambar konsumsi junk food, dampak junk food terhadap kesehatan anak, dan upaya orang tua untuk mengurangi junk food. Masing-masing tema akan dibahas secara lebih rinci dalam artikel ini. Implikasi hasil penelitian dapat digunakan sebagai informasi bagi orangtua akan bahaya pemberian junk food pada anak.

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Tanjung, Nadya Ulfa, Annisa Puti Amira, Nur Muthmainah, and Shinta Rahma. "Junk Food dan Kaitannya dengan Kejadian Gizi Lebih Pada Remaja." Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat : Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat 14, no. 3 (September 9, 2022): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52022/jikm.v14i3.343.

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Abstrak Latar Belakang: Kualitas gizi pada remaja menjadi hal yang perlu diperhatikan karena pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gizi pada remaja erat kaitannya dengan kualitas gizi masyarakat. Pada masa sekarang banyak remaja yang menggemari makanan cepat saji yang diketahui rendah nutrisi yang dibutuhkan oleh remaja sehingga mengganggu proses tumbuh kembang pada remaja. Junk food memiliki kandungan kalori, lemak, gula, dan sodium yang tinggi, namun sangat rendah serat, vitamin A, dan kalsium, hal ini dapat menimbulkan banyak masalah kesehatan pada tubuh. Metode: Penulisan jurnal ini menggunakan metode literature review, yang datanya diperoleh dari database Google scholar yang dimulai dari tahun 2016 sampai dengan 2022 dengan jumlah bacaan sebanyak 14 referensi. Selain itu, penulis juga memakai referensi buku. Pada kriteria inklusi dalam penelitian ini meliputi usia ≥ 12 tahun. Hasil: Dari literature review ini diperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan dampak dari konsumsi junk food secara berlebihan ialah munculnya gangguan gizi di usia dini yang berujung pada meningkatnya risiko penyakit tidak menular. Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsumsi junk food secara berlebih dapat menyebabkan masalah gizi pada remaja seperti overweight dan obesitas. Kata kunci: Junk food, Kualitas gizi, Remaja Abstract Background: Adolescents nutrition need to be considered and directly related to the quality of community nutrition. Adolescent today prefer to fast foods which are not only contains low nutrients but also interfere their growth and development process. Junk foods contains high calories, fat, sugar and sodium but less fiber, vitamin A, and calcium, which may cause many health problems. Methods: This journal writing used the literature review method, obtained from the Google scholar database starting from 2016 to 2022 with a total of 14 reading references. In addition, the author also uses book references. The inclusion criteria in this study included ages 12 years and over. Result: Result showed that the impact of consuming junk food in excess will cause early nutrition problems that eventually lead to non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: Then it can be concluded that excessive consumption of junk food can cause nutritional problems in adolescents such as overweight and obesity. Keywords: Adolescents, Junk food, Nutritional quality

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Ayushree, BR Abha, and Dr Anjali Tarai. "Junk Food Intake Among Teenagers in Odisha, and Its Impact in Health." International Journal of Agro Nutrifood Practices 1, no. 2 (November 12, 2021): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/ijanp/01.02.a004.

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Background: Food’s high in calories, salt, and fats are known as junk foods. Excessive intake of junk foods can result in a range of health problems. Purpose: The goal of this study is to learn more about teenage fast-food intake in Odisha, especially among those aged 15 to 25, and how it affects their health. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of teens was undertaken using 60 adolescents of both sexes as the study's sample. The questionnaire was divided into two parts: the first was for socio-demographic information, and the second was for junk food intake patterns and determining variables, as well as their impact on health. MS Excel was used to analyse the data. A statistically significant value was defined as P 0.05. Results: The findings revealed that more females (72.0 percent) than boys consumed fast food, and nearly half of participants (25.0 percent) consumed fast food as a substitute for a main meal, and more than half of participants (75.0 percent) consumed soft drink every day. Furthermore, a higher proportion of participants (58.0 percent) had urinary tract infection, which could be linked to the fact that chips and soft drink were the most appealing food items among participants. Keywords : Nutrition; Fast Food; Junk Foods; Consumption; Teenagers.

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Ferdian, Rahmat, Hendra Afriwan, and Syafwan Syafwan. "PERANCANGAN BUKU EDUKASI BAHAYA MAKAN MAKANAN JUNK FOOD UNTUK ANAK ANAK." DEKAVE : Jurnal Desain Komunikasi Visual 10, no. 1 (February 14, 2020): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/dekave.v10i1.108121.

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The purpose of designing an illustrated book on the dangers of junk food for children as an educational and interactive media in the delivery of the dangers of junk food meals so that children reduce to avoid consuming junk food foods and prefer to eat healthy foods, vegetables and fruit that is useful for health and for the development and growth of children. This illustrated book was chosen as one of the educational media for children because it presents stories and illustrations of characters that make children enthusiastic to read it, so learning is more fun.The data analysis method in the 5W + 1H technique is (what, where, who, why and how) to find a solution to the problem at hand. Data collection was carried out using interview and documentation methods. Illustration, typography, and layout are designed using visual communication design theory, child psychology, media, books, illustrations, colors, layouts and typography. In addition to designing illustration books as the main media, this design has supporting media such as posters, x-banners, stickers, coloring books, notebooks, tote bags, and food supply boxes.Keywords: Book, Illustration Education, Junk Food, Children

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Fardlillah, Qonita, and Yuni Eka Lestari. "DAMPAK PEMBERIAN MAKANAN JUNK FOOD PADA USIA DINI." Al-ATHFAL: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak 5, no. 1 (July 3, 2024): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46773/alathfal.v5i1.1302.

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Konsumsi makanan junk food telah merubah kebiasaan pola makan masyarakat secara intens untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pangan setiap hari dan mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Makanan junk food tidak hanya dikonsumsi bagi orang dewasa tapi juga anak-anak. Makanan junk food seperti nugget, sosis, burger, mie instan, dan sejenisnya lebih disukai anak-anak namun terdapat banyak kandungan zat aditif (perasa dan pengawet) yang akan merusak tubuh anak. Mengingat semakin banyaknya variasi dan kandungan bahan dalam makanan junk food tentu akan memberikan dampak buruk terutama kesehatan anak dan menyebabkan penyakit berbahaya kemudian hari. Penelitian saat ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis dampak pemberian makanan junk food pada anak usia dini. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu reduksi, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil analisis temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makanan junk food yang dikonsumsi secara intens dan berlebihan akan berdampak buruk pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan serta kesehatan lainnya anak. Anak-anak akan mengalami dampaknya yaitu dapat memicu penyakit jangka pendek dan Panjang. Penyakit tersebut antara lain obesitas, diabetes, kekurangan gizi, jenis kanker, kerusakan organ tubuh dan lainnya. Kebutuhan nutrisi gizi seimbang anak harus terpenuhi sejak dini meliputi karbohidrat, protein, vitamin dan mineral karena mempunyai fungsi masing-masing dalam tubuh sehingga dapat mencapai pertumbuhan dan perkembangan secara optimal. Kata kunci: Junk Food; Dampak Junk Food; Anak Usia Dini.

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Altaf, Benash, Mohammad Behram Khan, Rana Khurram Aftaab, Shireen Jawed, Rana Muhammad Tahir Salam, and Farah Amir. "NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY ANEMIA." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 07 (July 10, 2018): 1018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.07.115.

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Nutritional anemia is emerging health issue affecting all the age groups but moreprevalent among the youngsters due to poor eating habits and consumption of more junkfood which lacks essential ingredients. The aim is to determine the frequency of anemia andto find its association with junk food among medical students. Study Design: Cross sectionalstudy. Setting: Comprises of 100 students was conducted at Aziz Fatimah Medical and DentalCollege Faisalabad. Period: Six months, 01-01-2017 to 30-06-2017. Methodology: After ethicalapproval all relevant information including age, height, BMI, consumption of junk food andother dietary habits were taken on predesigned proforma. Hb levels were checked by Sahil’smethod in department of Physiology to evaluate the relation of anemia with junk food. Data wasanalyzed by SPPS 20. Results: Study also revealed that 55(49.1%) of the study participants wereconsuming junk food frequently. Among the junk food consumers 69.1% were anemic and theirhemoglobin levels were lower than non –consumers of junk food. Regression analysis showsnegative association between junk food and hemoglobin levels (P value 0.009). Conclusion:Anemia is frequently found in junk food consumers then non junk food consumers.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Junk food'

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