Relevant bibliographies by topics / Jury trials

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Jury trials'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Jury trials"

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Robertson, Christopher, and Michael Elias Shammas. "The Jury Trial Reinvented." Texas A&M Law Review 9, no. 1 (December 2021): 109–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/lr.v9.i1.3.

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The Framers of the Sixth and Seventh Amendments to the United States Constitution recognized that jury trials were essential for maintaining democratic legitimacy and avoiding epistemic crises. As an institution, the jury trial is purpose-built to engage citizens in the process of deliberative, participatory democracy with ground rules. The jury trial provides a carefully constructed setting aimed at sorting truth from falsehood. Despite its value, the jury trial has been under assault for decades. Concededly, jury trials can sometimes be inefficient, unreliable, unpredictable, and impractical. The COVID–19 pandemic rendered most physical jury trials unworkable but spurred some courts to begin using technology to transcend time-and-place limitations. These reforms inspire more profound changes. Rather than abolishing or cabining the jury trial, it should be reinvented with the benefit of modern science and technology. Features to be reconsidered include having local juries even for national civil cases, using unrepresentative groups of only six to twelve jurors, allowing attorneys to arbitrarily exclude jurors during voir dire, having synchronous and chronological presentations of cases over days or weeks, asking jurors to ignore inadmissible evidence and arguments that arise during live trials, and relying on secretive deliberations infected by implicit bias. Several of these extant practices work to disenfranchise or disempower Americans along racial, gender, and economic lines, thereby undermining one of the jury’s core functions. Other features cause jurors to err in resolving cases accurately, which can sometimes mean the difference between life and death. A reinvented, modernized jury institution can better serve its purposes by increasing citizen engagement, better fostering civic education and democratic deliberation, improving accuracy in sorting truth from falsehood, and enhancing efficiency in terms of both time and cost.
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Насонов, Сергей, and Syergyey Nasonov. "THE EUROPEAN PROCEDURAL MODELS IN JURY TRIALS: JURY TRIAL IN BELGIUM (COMPARATIVE LEGAL RESEARCH)." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 2, no. 4 (September 5, 2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21259.

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The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the procedural rules in the jury administered in Belgium in compliance with the Rules adopted in 1878 (with amendments of 2016) as a type of a European model procedure. These features are considered in the comparative legal aspect, in comparison with the same procedure that of the Russian CCP. The article notes that the requirements for candidates for jurors, enshrined in the Code of Criminal Procedure of Belgium, in general, are similar to the Russian requirements. The procedure of drawing up lists of candidates for jury service in Belgium has significant similarities with the Russian, as there is the absence of open (transparent) procedures, which is compensated by the publication of the lists. Features of the Belgian procedure of selecting the jury manifested in the establishment of the rule of gender proportions of the panel, which is not typical for the Russian legislation and practice. The proceeding in the jury trial in Belgium is an example of the continental type of this form of proceeding and its significant differences from the same procedure, enshrined in the Russian CCP are based on this factor. The presiding judge has broad discretion in the field of proving, as all questions set by the parties for interrogated persons are asked through him. The features of the judicial enquiry in jury in Belgium are: the presentation of an indictment and defense objections to the jury, the prohibition to the parties to put questions to the defendant, an extensive research of the personal information of the defendant before the jury. The article notes the specifics of the stages of putting the questions to jury, of charging the jury (the presiding judge don’t address the facts of the case), of the jury deliberations, as jury is obliged to motivate the verdict. The article suggests the possibility of the borrowing of the certain elements of the Belgian model of proceeding into a jury trial of the Russian legislation.
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Herzel, Leo, and Daniel Harris. "Contracting Out of Jury Trials." Journal of International Arbitration 6, Issue 1 (March 1, 1989): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia1989004.

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Kunstadt, R. M. "IP jury trials--trouble ahead?" Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 9, no. 8 (April 30, 2014): 639–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpu072.

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Oldham, James. "The Law of Negligence as Reported in The Times, 1785–1820." Law and History Review 36, no. 2 (May 2018): 383–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248018000032.

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Historically, the clear recognition by the courts that all adults in public intercourse owe a duty of reasonable care to avoid injuring others has been seen as an early nineteenth century development. Occasionally it is recognized that what is known about the emergence of the tort of negligence in English law comes almost entirely from the printed reports of civil (plea side) cases tried in the three common law courts (King's Bench, Common Pleas, and Exchequer). It was not until the 1790s that regular printed reports of jury trials (or nisi prius cases, as they were called) began, and even then, enlightenment from the nisi prius reports was limited. Most of those reports were sketchy, and very few included instructions given to the jury by the trial judge. More importantly, the reports covered only a small fraction of the jury trials that were conducted by the common law courts. The overwhelming majority of civil jury trials ended with the jury verdict (or an occasional nonsuit), with no post-trial proceedings, and what happened in many thousands of these plea-side jury trials in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries has been something of a black hole in the historical record.
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Boginskaya, Olga. "The Simplification of Jury Instructions: Legal-Lay Interactions in Jury Trials." ESP Today 8, no. 2 (2020): 297–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.18485/esptoday.2020.8.2.6.

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Samuels, Alec. "Trials on Indictment without a Jury." Journal of Criminal Law 68, no. 2 (March 2004): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/jcla.68.2.125.29120.

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Samuels, Alec. "Trials on Indictment without a Jury." Police Journal: Theory, Practice and Principles 68, no. 2 (April 1995): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032258x9506800206.

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Hreno, Travis. "Necessity and Jury Nullification." Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 20, no. 2 (July 2007): 351–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0841820900004240.

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Jury nullification refers to the behaviour of a jury that votes to acquit a defendant of criminal charges despite believing that: a) the defendant did in fact commit the actions with which she is charged; and, b) such actions are, indeed, prohibited by law. While there are many objections to this practice, the most striking thing about jury nullification is that nothing is done to actually prevent or punish jurors who behave this way. In this paper, I explore three rationales for why jury nullification is an officially tolerated, if not necessarily welcome, element of Anglo-American criminal law jury trials. All three of these rationales centre in one way or another on the idea that the very concept of a jury trial necessitates allowing the jury to extend its traditional purview in such a manner.
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Kinkeade, Ed. "Introduction to "Point-Counterpoint: Two Judges' Perspetives on Trial By Jury"." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 12, no. 2 (March 2006): 497–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v12.i2.1.

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Does justice suffer in a federal judicial system where trials are as scarce as buggy whips? Judge Patrick Higginbotham of the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals views the disappearance of the jury trial as a crisis. U.S. District Judge Terry Means, on the other hand, views the jury trial as a natural.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Jury trials"

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Julian, Robert F. "The role of the judge and jury in complex trials." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2008. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/28172.

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This thesis examines the mode of trial concerns in the U.S.A., New York State, California, England and Wales and Canada --specifically the ability of the jury to comprehend complex cases and the perception/reality that bench trials may not be as fair as jury trials. Defining complex cases as those involving serious fraud indictments, capital murder trials, and lawsuits or indictments against corporations and their managers, the thesis examines problems associated with jury trials in such cases. It evaluates the comparative law and customs and practices regarding the use of juries, emphasizing problems with jury selection, deficits in jury deliberation and post trial problems associated with jury verdicts. The thesis also evaluates the judge only trial, attempting to determine whether a state imposed non jury trial in a criminal case as is presently proposed in the England and Wales Parliament creates an unfairness to the defendant because bench trials significantly differ from jury trials in the application of the rules of evidence and in the role of the judge. The thesis reports on the results of a survey of New York State trial judges, a like survey of New York State lawyers, and the opinions of nine England and Wales judges authorized to try serious fraud cases who were interviewed regarding these issues. The surveys and interviews finds that there is a high degree of support for jury verdicts expressed by the judges, examines evidentiary and pretrial practices in both modes of trial and attempts to evaluate whether claims of procedural flaws and prejudice in bench trials by respected academics are accurate. The thesis concludes by affirming the competence of juries to try complex cases, proposing modifications to post jury verdict procedures to evaluate jury misconduct and advocating that the bench trial evidentiary rules and conduct rules become comparable to the jury trial. The thesis recommends that mode of trial choices be given to the defendant, advocates that when a bench trial is selected that peremptory challenges of the trial judge be permitted and postulates that these reforms will make the bench trial a more attractive alternative to the jury trial in complex cases.
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Hall, James Patrick. "An Empirical Study of Appointed Counsel Effectiveness in Jury Trials." ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/61.

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Anecdotal evidence supports the belief among indigent individuals who are assigned defense counsel that they would be better represented by privately retained counsel. This perspective jeopardizes attorney effectiveness by reducing communication and trust between the attorney and client. Research on the effectiveness of counsel is sparse. The purpose of this quantitative study was to bridge this gap in knowledge by comparing the effectiveness of privately retained and publicly appointed counsel between 2008 and 2013, both before and after the imposition of state-wide compensation limitations on publicly appointed defense counsel. The theoretical framework was Stuntz's theory, which stresses that one part of the criminal justice system will be compensated for elsewhere in the system. Research questions focused on the success rates of publicly funded and privately retained counsel in jury trials in a large state district court in New England. Data were collected from court records and analyzed using tests of proportions and a binary logistic regression to determine the success rates of the types of counsel and whether appointed counsels' relative effectiveness changed after the compensation limitations were imposed in 2011. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in acquittal rates between counsel groups or for either counsel group before and after the imposition of the statewide compensation limits. Implications for positive social change include educating defendants on the effectiveness of publicly appointed counsel to enhance the trust within these attorney-client relationships, and improving the quality of discourse in legislative deliberations focused on weighing budget cuts to appointed counsel compensation with the risk to the fair administration of justice.
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Terrance, Cheryl A. (Cheryl Ann) Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Jury simulation; the construction of victims in the courtroom." Ottawa, 2000.

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Korda, Catherine J. "Biases toward defendants in joint criminal trials." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2001. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1018.

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Under the Criminal Code Compilation Act 1913 (WA), any number of individuals may be joined as co-defendants in a single trial, fanning a situation known as a joint trial. The charge/s against each defendant are considered separately and given a separate verdict by the jury. There is considerable debate in the legal arena as to the utility of joint trials, although to date little empirical research exists to substantiate any of the claims made. The present study aimed to contribute to the sparse knowledge base on joint trials by examining the impact of evidence strength on juror decision making in joint and single trials of the same defendant. Sixty mock juror university students were required to listen to an audiotaped trial summary about a hypothetical assault case that followed the same procedure as would be followed in Australian criminal courts. Evidence strength was manipulated so that defendant A had relatively weak and circumstantial evidence implicating him in the offence, and defendant B had very strong, substantive evidence implicating him in the offence. Two pilot studies confirmed that this manipulation was successful. The participants were assigned to one of three conditions - the single trial of defendant A, the single trial of defendant B, or the joint trial of defendants A and B. After listening to the trial summary, the participants were then required to give a verdict for the defendant/s, and rate the strength of the prosecution and defence evidence presented for the defendant/s. The hypothesis that the effect of joining their trials will be different for defendants A and B in terms of the proportion of guilty verdicts rendered for each defendant was supported. It was found that defendant A was significantly more likely to be found guilty in the joined condition than in the single condition (p < .05). There was no such effect observed for defendant B (p > .05). The second hypothesis that the effect of joining their trials will be different for defendants A and B on the perceived strength of prosecution evidence was also supported. Statistical testing revealed that there was a significant increase in the perceived strength of the prosecution evidence for defendant A in the joint condition, as c0mpared to the single condition (p < .05). There was no significant difference between the prosecution evidence strength ratings for defendant 8 in the single and joint conditions (p > .05). There was no support for the hypothesis that the effect of joining their trials will be different for defendants A and B on the perceived strength of defence evidence. For both defendants, there was no significant difference between defence evidence strength ratings in the joined and single conditions (p >.05). These results are interpreted with reference to impression formation theory. The limitations of the present study, including the sample, trial medium, trial elements, consequentiality of the task, and the trial materials are discussed. Directions for future research, such as improvements in the present study and additional sources of bias that may influence verdicts in joint trials, are also examined.
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Parker, Rukshana. "The efficacy of jury trials in the South African civil justice system." Master's thesis, Faculty of Law, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33931.

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In classical terms, democracy is synonymous with direct participation. However, as states grew and direct public participation became more difficult, a more minimal concept of democracy associated with enfranchisement was adopted. Democracy, however, should not be limited to the enfranchisement of the masses. It ought to include some level of direct public participation in branches of the government such as the judicial system.
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Louden, Harper L. "Deconstructing the mock trial." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/HLouden2006.pdf.

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Drescher, L. Hailey. "Connecting the Circuit: Analyzing Jurors' Cognitive Gaps and Damage Awards in Patent Infringement Trials." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc271808/.

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Patent litigation is notorious for the technicality of evidence and the rhetoric of experts. Citizens selected to serve on the jury have no specialized training and have rarely been exposed to the technology or the patent process. This study provides insight into the field of jury decision-making in complex patent cases by analyzing the cognitive gaps and the tactics used by jurors to minimize them. Additionally, the study examines the justifications for the damage awards jurors provide. This analysis focused on jurors engaged in mock trial patent deliberations. The story model and sensemaking theory serve as the theoretical framework of this research and provide a structure for support and a lens for analysis. The results indicate that jurors rely on three distinct and dichotomous topologies when navigating cognitive gaps. Searching for answers either individually or as a group, relying on lists or stories, and turning to facts or emotions, jurors navigate through their uncertainty. Through the line-by-line analysis of mock jury transcriptions, three continuums regarding damage justifications emerged. Jury members found themselves navigating uncertainty versus certainty, rationality versus irrationality, and facts versus emotions. The theoretical implications broaden the story model to include cognitive gaps in all phases and increase the model's efficacy in patent litigation through the addition of a fourth phase. This study also confirms and enhances the use of sensemaking to describe the jury decision-making process. The results of this study should be applied practically to the field of patent litigation. Results should be used to create a user-friendly environment where the high stakes of litigation demand increased juror understanding and are critical to justice.
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Pearce, Gregory T. "Negative pretrial publicity and juror verdicts testing the demand characteristics hypothesis /." View electronic thesis, 2008. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2008-1/pearceg/gregorypearce.pdf.

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Adams, Christine M. Shea. "The Death Penalty Attitudes Scale can capital trial jurors be chosen more fairly? /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1338887131&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Smith, Richard Milton. "Jury trials in misdemeanor cases of driving under the influence of alcohol a public policy consideration /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2002. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1414403.

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Books on the topic "Jury trials"

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O, Sonsteng John, ed. Jury trials. [St. Paul, MN]: West, 1994.

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James, Rasicot, Virginia Law Foundation. Committee on Continuing Legal Education., and Virginia State Bar. Litigation Section., eds. Winning jury trials. [Charlottesville]: The Foundation, 1987.

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Hajducki, Andrew M. Civil jury trials. Edinburgh: W. Green/Sweet & Maxwell, 1998.

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1951-, Charron Louise, and Chumak Paul, eds. Canadian criminal jury trials. Toronto: Carswell, 1989.

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Cecil, Joe S. Jury service in lengthy civil trials. Washington, D.C: Federal Judicial Center, 1988.

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Klonoff, Robert H. Winning jury trials: Trial tactics and sponsorship strategies. 3rd ed. Louisville, Colo: National Institute for Trial Advocacy, 2007.

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Klonoff, Robert H. Winning jury trials: Trial tactics and sponsorship strategy. 2nd ed. Newark, N.J: LexisNexis, 2002.

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S, Cecil Joe. Jury service in lengthy civil trials. Washington, D.C: Federal Judicial Center, 1987.

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You, the jury. Fremont, Calif: Buquor Books, 1994.

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Alcala, Rodney J. You, the jury. Fremont, Calif: Eagle Pub., 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Jury trials"

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See, Betty M., Diane Elizabeth See, and Stephanie OíShaughnessy. "Civil Trials." In Jury Trials in the Classroom, 101–54. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003236092-16.

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See, Betty M., Diane Elizabeth See, and Stephanie OíShaughnessy. "Criminal Trials." In Jury Trials in the Classroom, 37–100. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003236092-12.

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Pizzi, William T. "Must Fair Trials Always Be Jury Trials?" In The Supreme Court’s Role in Mass Incarceration, 50–62. New York, NY ; Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429318207-6.

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Herriott, Charlotte. "Mock Jury Simulations." In Sexual History Evidence in Rape Trials, 18–37. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003345282-2.

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See, Betty M., Diane Elizabeth See, and Stephanie OíShaughnessy. "The United States of America v. John Wilkes Booth." In Jury Trials in the Classroom, 76–100. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003236092-15.

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See, Betty M., Diane Elizabeth See, and Stephanie OíShaughnessy. "Introduction." In Jury Trials in the Classroom, 5–6. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003236092-1.

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See, Betty M., Diane Elizabeth See, and Stephanie OíShaughnessy. "The State v. Jeremiah Birch." In Jury Trials in the Classroom, 57–75. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003236092-14.

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See, Betty M., Diane Elizabeth See, and Stephanie OíShaughnessy. "Lord Capulet v. Friar Laurence." In Jury Trials in the Classroom, 136–54. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003236092-19.

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See, Betty M., Diane Elizabeth See, and Stephanie OíShaughnessy. "Court Systems of the United States." In Jury Trials in the Classroom, 11–14. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003236092-4.

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See, Betty M., Diane Elizabeth See, and Stephanie OíShaughnessy. "Understanding the Judicial System." In Jury Trials in the Classroom, 9–10. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003236092-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Jury trials"

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Lutsenko, Pavel, and Genrikh Devyatkin. "Information Technologies in Jury Trials: International Experience and the Possibility of Its Implementation in the Russian Legal Field." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC FORUM ON JURISPRUDENCE. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010660000003224.

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Court, Kenneth E., F. Michael Kaufman, and Harold M. Whitacre. "Imagine - An Open Class 60 BOC Racer -Design and Program Management - Lessons Learned." In SNAME 12th Chesapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium. SNAME, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/csys-1995-012.

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This paper describes the creation of the Open Class 60 (BOC 60) racing yacht "Imagine". She was conceived to win the 1994 BOC singlehanded round the world race, an ambitious goal since the French sailors have dominated the race since its inception. This paper will examine the design of this complex racing machine, and the management of the project. The project produced a boat that was capable of attaining the goal of winning, but when the project management office failed to adhere to the project plan, the project unravelled and collapsed. In a squall at sea, at night, off Cape May, New Jersey, "Imagine's" boom failed, the main sail was dropped, and in the resultant short steep seas, "Imagine" slammed badly, dishing plating at both ends of the vessel, causing two forward frames to trip, and resulting in other structural damage to forward deck longitudinals and in the cockpit. "Imagine's" hull remained watertight, and she returned to Norfolk under short sail. Upon arrival she was inspected, and the necessary repair steps were outlined. These were discussed the following day with the project office and the ABS inspector. Within days drawings were provided to the project office for repair and to ABS for review. At that point matters stalled, no repair was started and within two week-; the project office announced their intent to abandon the project. The project plan will be reviewed, the basis for the design will be discussed, the incident at sea which precipitated the project's disbanding will be examined, and an analysis of the resultant damage given. Lessons learned from the project will be discussed. The actual design of the boat was interesting and rewarding, but it was a small part of the goal of the project. The goal was not attained, and when the BOC race started from Charleston in September 94, "Imagine" remained at the dock, her outfit and development incomplete. This paper will attempt to evaluate the reasons why. Two central themes repeat: lack of funds; and lack of sea trials. In our opinion it was this lack of funds, that led the project office to eliminate carefully planned steps in "Imagine's" development, specifically the sea trials. This also lead them to attempt an offshore voyage from Norfolk, Virginia to Newport, Rhode Island in November 1993, prior to sea trials, with a known defective boom, and a jury rigged boom vang.
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Shimanchik, Kira Valeryevna. "Jury trial in Russia: several actual problems." In XI International Students' research-to-practice conference, chair Yury Vladimirovich Truntsevsky. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-112320.

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Alekhina, A. A. "Social and legal nature of the jury trial." In Научный диалог: Молодой ученый. ЦНК МОАН, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/spc-22-11-2018-03.

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Komiljonov, Rafael. "INSTITUTE OF TRIAL BY JURY IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE: ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT." In Current problems of jurisprudence. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02032-6/115-124.

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The article examines the Genesis of the institution of jury trial in the Russian Empire from the moment of its introduction to the end of the Provisional government. It is noted that the emergence of a trial with the participation of jurors was influenced by Western models of the judicial process, and the forms of participation of citizens in the administration of justice that previously existed on the territory of the Russian state were taken into account. The role that the jury system has played with some success in the search for truth, justice, and the implementation of effective and independent justice in the past centuries is particularly highlighted.
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Kostenko, D. S. "Comparative analysis of genesis and evolution of jury trial in Russia and England." In Scientific achievements of the third millennium. LJournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/scienceconf-05-2019-42.

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"THE CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RIGHT OF THE ACCUSED TO A JURY TRIAL." In LEGAL ISSUES OF STRENGTHENING RUSSIAN STATEHOOD. Vol. 79. Tomsk State University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/9785946217637/6.

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Prokhorov, Alexander Borisovich. "Some aspects of access of defense attorney to justice in criminal proceedings under jury trial." In Противодействие коррупции и теневым процессам. Санкт-Петербургский институт (филиал) федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования "Всероссийский государственный университет юстиции (РПА Минюста России)", 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47645/978-5-6045728-0-1_2020_173.

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Inoue, Manabu, Yusuke Takai, Masahiro Yanagihara, Müslüm Durmaz, Aydin Kara, and Inger Birgitte Kroon. "Active protection system for Main cable of suspension bridge against HGV or Hazardous material fires." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.0131.

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<p>Road traffic fires may have critical impact on long span bridges. Especially for suspension bridges, critical damages on the main cable and the tower can be fatal and practically not be repairable / replaceable. In Osman Gazi Bridge in Turkey, which has the main span of 1,550m and opened for traffic on 1st of July, 2016, the necessity of fire protection on the main cable was revealed through the risk analysis with ALARP principle so as to keep the temperature of main cable below 400oC against HGV (Heavy Good Vehicle) fires or hazardous materials fires, where those flame temperatures can reach up to 1,200oC. Through several trials for details, an active fire protection was selected to protect the main cable. It is the first application for the suspension bridge in the world and the paper introduces the result of risk analysis, design, trial and application of the fire protection system for the main cable of Osman Gazi bridge.</p>
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Noel, Samuel, Aaron Ault, Yang Wang, Alex Layton, Andrew Balmos, James V. Krogmeier, and Dennis Buckmaster. "Real-time on-farm yield trials powered by open-source: connecting ISOBlue, OADA, and the Trials Tracker App." In 2018 Detroit, Michigan July 29 - August 1, 2018. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.201801597.

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Reports on the topic "Jury trials"

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Anwar, Shamena, Patrick Bayer, and Randi Hjalmarsson. The Impact of Jury Race in Criminal Trials. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16366.

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Qu, Pengda, Jing Huang, Shiqi Wang, Size Li, Qian Hu, Wei Wang, and Xiaohu Tang. Efficacy and safety of modified Ermiao decoction in the treatment of gouty arthritis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0063.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified Ermiao decoction in the treatment of gouty arthritis. Information sources: We will conduct searches of Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang), Weipu Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full-text Database (VIP), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) from their inception to July 2022. In addition, trial registration platforms will also be searched for ongoing or unpublished trials, including International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Centre. The languages of included studies will be restricted in English and Chinese. Medical Subject Headings and free words terms will be used during the retrieval process. The main search terms include “gouty arthritis”, “modified Ermiao”, and “randomized controlled trial.” A draft of the PubMed search strategy is included in Table 1. Similar retrieval strategies will be applied to the other databases mentioned above. We will also search for relevant systematic reviews of using MED for GA and reference lists of eligible studies to improve recall ratio.
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Anwar, Shamena, Patrick Bayer, and Randi Hjalmarsson. The Role of Age in Jury Selection and Trial Outcomes. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17887.

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Wang, Xiaoyue, Hui Lu, Zhihao Liang, Liang Wang, and Ji Ma. Ixazomib combined with autologous stem cell transplantation for POEMS syndrome: a case report and meta‑analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0061.

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Review question / Objective: POEMS syndrome is a rare monoclonal plasma cell proliferation disorder. At present, there is no unified treatment for POEMS syndrome. Here, we describe one case with POEMS syndrome. And we made a meta­analysis to assess the efficacy of treatment strategies in recent ten years. Search strategy: We searched relevant articles in PubMed, Embase and MEDLINE database for the period up to July 2021.The search strategy included the keywords: POEMS, Therapy, Drug Therapy, Biological Therapy, Combined Modality Therapy, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunotherapy, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Chemoradiotherapy, Salvage Therapy, Controlled Clinical Trial, Randomized Controlled Trial et al. In addition, we checked all the references of eligible articles that our search retrieved to identify potentially eligible papers.
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Tang, Yaxing, Lele Tang, Yuting Yao, He Huang, and Bing Chen. Effects of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia versus inhalation anesthesia on long-term survival in patients undergoing cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.7.0025.

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Review question / Objective: To compare the effects of propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia with inhalation anesthesia on long-term survival of cancer surgery. (1) Patients: all patients undergoing cancer surgery with intravenous or inhalation anesthesia. (2) Intervention: propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia. (3) Comparator: inhalation anesthesia. (4) Outcomes: overall survival, recurrence- free or disease-free survival. (5) Study design: randomized-controlled trials and observational studies (prospective or retrospective). Information sources: We will systematically search the following electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library) from inception to July 2022 for eligible studies. Any potentially relevant studies will be manually searched based on the references of the identified studies.
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Cantor, Amy, Heidi D. Nelson, Miranda Pappas, Chandler Atchison, Brigit Hatch, Nathalie Huguet, Brittny Flynn, and Marian McDonagh. Effectiveness of Telehealth for Women’s Preventive Services. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer256.

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Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness, use, and implementation of telehealth for women’s preventive services for reproductive healthcare and interpersonal violence (IPV), and to evaluate patient preferences and engagement for telehealth, particularly in the context of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Data sources. Ovid MEDLINE®, CINAHL®, Embase®, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases (July 1, 2016, to March 4, 2022); manual review of reference lists; suggestions from stakeholders; and responses to a Federal Register Notice. Review methods. Eligible abstracts and full-text articles of telehealth interventions were independently dual reviewed for inclusion using predefined criteria. Dual review was used for data abstraction, study-level risk of bias assessment, and strength of evidence (SOE) rating using established methods. Meta-analysis was not conducted due to heterogeneity of studies and limited available data. Results. Searches identified 5,704 unique records. Eight randomized controlled trials, one nonrandomized trial, and seven observational studies, involving 10,731 participants, met inclusion criteria. Of these, nine evaluated IPV services and seven evaluated contraceptive care, the only reproductive health service studied. Risk of bias was low in one study, moderate in nine trials and five observational studies, and high in one study. Telehealth interventions were intended to replace usual care in 14 studies and supplement care in 2 studies. Delivery modes included telephone (5 studies), online modules (5 studies), and mobile applications (1 study), and was unclear or undefined in five studies. There were no differences between telehealth interventions to supplement contraceptive care and comparators for rates of contraceptive use, sexually transmitted infection, and pregnancy (low SOE); evidence was insufficient for abortion rates. There were no differences between telehealth IPV services versus comparators for outcomes measuring repeat IPV, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, fear of partner, coercive control, self-efficacy, and safety behaviors (low SOE). The COVID-19 pandemic increased telehealth utilization. Barriers to telehealth interventions included limited internet access and digital literacy among English-speaking IPV survivors, and technical challenges and confidentiality concerns for contraceptive care. Telehealth use was facilitated by strategies to ensure safety of individuals who receive IPV services. Evidence was insufficient to evaluate access, health equity, or harms outcomes. Conclusions. Limited evidence suggests that telehealth interventions for contraceptive care and IPV services result in equivalent clinical and patient-reported outcomes as in-person care. Uncertainty remains regarding the most effective approaches for delivering these services, and how to best mobilize telehealth, particularly for women facing barriers to healthcare.
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O’Neil, Maya E., Tamara P. Cheney, Yun Yu, Erica L. Hart, Rebecca S. Holmes, Ian Blazina, Stephanie P. Veazie, et al. Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: 2022 Update of the PTSD Repository Evidence Base. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcptsd2022.

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Objectives. Identify and abstract data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and comorbid PTSD/substance use disorder to update the previous Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) report and National Center for PTSD (NCPTSD) PTSD Trials Standardized Data Repository (PTSD-Repository). Data sources. We searched PTSDpubs, Ovid® MEDLINE®, Cochrane CENTRAL, PsycINFO®, Embase®, CINAHL®, and Scopus® for eligible RCTs published from June 1, 2018, to January 26, 2022. Review methods. In consultation with AHRQ and NCPTSD, we updated the evidence tables for the PTSD-Repository by including evidence published after publication of the last update and expanding abstraction of results to include calculated standardized effect sizes. The primary publication for each RCT was abstracted; data and citations from secondary publications (i.e., companion papers) appear in the same record. We assessed risk of bias (RoB) for all newly included studies using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2) tool for randomized trials. For studies already in the PTSD-Repository, we will add calculated standardized effect sizes and update RoB using the new RoB 2 tool over the next several annual updates. Results. We added 48 new RCTs examining treatments for PTSD, for a total of 437 included studies published from 1988 to July 30, 2021. Among the 48 newly added RCTs, psychotherapy interventions were the most commonly employed (50%), followed by complementary and integrative health (17%). Approximately half of studies were conducted in the United States (46%), and enrolled community participants (52%) and participants with a mix of trauma types (48%). Studies typically had sample sizes ranging from 25 to 99 participants (69%). RoB was rated as high for 52 percent of studies, 31 percent were rated as low RoB, and the remaining studies were rated as having some concerns (15%). Conclusions. This report updates the previous AHRQ report to include 48 recently published RCTs, for a total of 437 studies. This update adds comprehensive data, standardized effect sizes for PTSD outcomes, and RoB assessment for the newly included RCTs. As with the previous AHRQ update, this report will inform updates to the PTSD-Repository, a comprehensive database of PTSD trials.
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Deng, X. Development of high stable-efficiency, triple-junction a-Si alloy solar cells. Annual subcontract report, July 18, 1994--July 17, 1995. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/204673.

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Zeng, Yongjian, Zhiyi Guo, Kejia Yang, Jing Lei, Zhidong Guo, and Xianjuan Sun. Deep brain stimulation in the treatment of Tourette's syndrome: a Meta analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.9.0065.

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Review question / Objective: Patients who meet the clinical diagnostic criteria of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (DSM-IV/DSM-V) are included, regardless of race, sex, age, etc. Deep brain electrical stimulation for the treatment of Tourette's syndrome, with no limit on the specific procedure and duration of stimulation. Randomized controlled trials were selected, the language was limited to Chinese and English, and there were no restrictions on race, age, sex and so on. The main outcome indicators were the Yale Global tic severity scale score. Other outcome indicators included the Modified Rush Video Rating Scale score, Beck's Depression Inventory score, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory score, Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome-Quality of Life Scale score and Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale score. Information sources: The Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE and four Chinese electronic databases: China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China knowledge Network (CNKI), VIP Chinese Technical Journals Database (VIP), Wanfang Digital Database.The search time limit is from the self-built database to July 03, 2022.
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Garsa, Adam, Julie K. Jang, Sangita Baxi, Christine Chen, Olamigoke Akinniranye, Owen Hall, Jody Larkin, Aneesa Motala, Sydne Newberry, and Susanne Hempel. Radiation Therapy for Brain Metasases. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer242.

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Objective. This evidence report synthesizes the available evidence on radiation therapy for brain metastases. Data sources. We searched PubMed®, Embase®, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL®, clinicaltrials.gov, and published guidelines in July 2020; assessed independently submitted data; consulted with experts; and contacted authors. Review methods. The protocol was informed by Key Informants. The systematic review was supported by a Technical Expert Panel and is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020168260). Two reviewers independently screened citations; data were abstracted by one reviewer and checked by an experienced reviewer. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and large observational studies (for safety assessments), evaluating whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone or in combination, as initial or postoperative treatment, with or without systemic therapy for adults with brain metastases due to non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, or melanoma. Results. In total, 97 studies, reported in 190 publications, were identified, but the number of analyses was limited due to different intervention and comparator combinations as well as insufficient reporting of outcome data. Risk of bias varied; 25 trials were terminated early, predominantly due to poor accrual. Most studies evaluated WBRT, alone or in combination with SRS, as initial treatment; 10 RCTs reported on post-surgical interventions. The combination treatment SRS plus WBRT compared to SRS alone or WBRT alone showed no statistically significant difference in overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.09; confidence interval [CI], 0.69 to 1.73; 4 RCTs; low strength of evidence [SoE]) or death due to brain metastases (relative risk [RR], 0.93; CI, 0.48 to 1.81; 3 RCTs; low SoE). Radiation therapy after surgery did not improve overall survival compared with surgery alone (HR, 0.98; CI, 0.76 to 1.26; 5 RCTs; moderate SoE). Data for quality of life, functional status, and cognitive effects were insufficient to determine effects of WBRT, SRS, or post-surgical interventions. We did not find systematic differences across interventions in serious adverse events radiation necrosis, fatigue, or seizures (all low or moderate SoE). WBRT plus systemic therapy (RR, 1.44; CI, 1.03 to 2.00; 14 studies; moderate SoE) was associated with increased risks for vomiting compared to WBRT alone. Conclusion. Despite the substantial research literature on radiation therapy, comparative effectiveness information is limited. There is a need for more data on patient-relevant outcomes such as quality of life, functional status, and cognitive effects.
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