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Journal articles on the topic 'Just-in-time systems – United States – Evaluation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Baltrusaitis, Kristin, Alessandro Vespignani, Roni Rosenfeld, Josh Gray, Dorrie Raymond, and Mauricio Santillana. "Differences in Regional Patterns of Influenza Activity Across Surveillance Systems in the United States: Comparative Evaluation." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 5, no. 4 (2019): e13403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13403.

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Background The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) tracks influenza-like illness (ILI) using information on patient visits to health care providers through the Outpatient Influenza-like Illness Surveillance Network (ILINet). As participation in this system is voluntary, the composition, coverage, and consistency of health care reports vary from state to state, leading to different measures of ILI activity between regions. The degree to which these measures reflect actual differences in influenza activity or systematic differences in the methods used to collect and aggregate the da

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Singh, Gurbir, Gurpreet Kaur, Karl Williard, Jon Schoonover, and Kelly A. Nelson. "Managing Phosphorus Loss from Agroecosystems of the Midwestern United States: A Review." Agronomy 10, no. 4 (2020): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040561.

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Best management practices (BMPs) are site-specific and their implementation, long-term management, and maintenance are important for successful reduction of phosphorus (P) loss into headwater streams. This paper reviews published research on managing P loss from agricultural cropping systems in the Midwestern United States and classified the available research based on BMPs and their efficacy in reducing P loss. This review paper also identifies the areas where additional research could provide insight for managing P losses. Our literature review shows that cover crops, reduced tillage, satura

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Novak, Maciek A., and Alan L. Erera. "Evaluation of an expanded satellite based mobile communications tracking system." Journal of Transportation Management 18, no. 1 (2007): 48–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22237/jotm/1175385900.

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Since the terrorist events in the United States on September 11, 2001, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration has been testing and evaluating cargo tracking technologies to improve the safety, security, and efficiency of commercial motor vehicle operations. While satellite-based systems used for tracking vehicles and cargo provide sufficient geographic coverage in the majority of the United States, there remain several vital regions that are uncovered and difficult to monitor. One such region is Alaska, where officials arc particularly concerned with the hazardous materials shipments

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POWELL, SUSAN C., and RICHARD W. ATTWELL. "An Evaluation of the Collection and Analysis of Epidemiological Data for Support of Food Safety Control Systems." Journal of Food Protection 61, no. 9 (1998): 1170–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-61.9.1170.

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Food-borne disease data collected by three U. K. environmental health departments were used in this study. The data were analyzed using a database designed to rank disease agents, food ingredients, and processing factors which contribute to cases of food-borne disease. The results established changes in patterns of food-borne disease over time, pattern differences between U. K. localities and differences between areas of the United Kingdom and the United States. This type of analysis of epidemiological data provides scientific underpinning for hazard analysis critical control point systems for

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Melanson, Stacy E. F., Neal I. Lindeman, and Petr Jarolim. "Selecting Automation for the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 131, no. 7 (2007): 1063–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2007-131-1063-saftcc.

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Abstract Context.—Laboratory automation proposes to improve the quality and efficiency of laboratory operations, and may provide a solution to the quality demands and staff shortages faced by today's clinical laboratories. Several vendors offer automation systems in the United States, with both subtle and obvious differences. Arriving at a decision to automate, and the ensuing evaluation of available products, can be time-consuming and challenging. Although considerable discussion concerning the decision to automate has been published, relatively little attention has been paid to the process o

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Houtrow, Amy, Debbi Harris, Ashli Molinero, Tal Levin-Decanini, and Christopher Robichaud. "Children with disabilities in the United States and the COVID-19 pandemic." Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine 13, no. 3 (2020): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/prm-200769.

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Children with disabilities are disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 and the containment response. Their caregivers must now adapt to increased stressors such as lack of access to needed therapies, medical supplies, and nursing care. Prior to COVID-19 these families were already marginalized, and this has only worsened during the pandemic. As a vulnerable population, children with disabilities have not been the focus of much discussion during the pandemic, likely because the disease disproportionately impacts older individuals. Nonetheless, children with disabilities should be a focus of eva

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Pinto, James O., Joseph A. Grim, and Matthias Steiner. "Assessment of the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh Model’s Ability to Predict Mesoscale Convective Systems Using Object-Based Evaluation." Weather and Forecasting 30, no. 4 (2015): 892–913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-14-00118.1.

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Abstract An object-based verification technique that keys off the radar-retrieved vertically integrated liquid (VIL) is used to evaluate how well the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) predicted mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in 2012 and 2013. It is found that the modeled radar VIL values are roughly 50% lower than observed. This mean bias is accounted for by reducing the radar VIL threshold used to identify MCSs in the HRRR. This allows for a more fair evaluation of the model’s skill at predicting MCSs. Using an optimized VIL threshold for each summer, it is found that the HRRR reprodu

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Clark, Adam J., Randy G. Bullock, Tara L. Jensen, Ming Xue, and Fanyou Kong. "Application of Object-Based Time-Domain Diagnostics for Tracking Precipitation Systems in Convection-Allowing Models." Weather and Forecasting 29, no. 3 (2014): 517–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-13-00098.1.

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Abstract Meaningful verification and evaluation of convection-allowing models requires approaches that do not rely on point-to-point matches of forecast and observed fields. In this study, one such approach—a beta version of the Method for Object-Based Diagnostic Evaluation (MODE) that incorporates the time dimension [known as MODE time-domain (MODE-TD)]—was applied to 30-h precipitation forecasts from four 4-km grid-spacing members of the 2010 Storm-Scale Ensemble Forecast system with different microphysics parameterizations. Including time in MODE-TD provides information on rainfall system e

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YOSHIDA, KENZO. "The Stability of Social Security in the United States: The Need for a Durable Institutional Design." Journal of Social Policy 47, no. 2 (2017): 397–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279417000599.

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AbstractStability is one of the most crucial elements of social security systems. Although the United States is famous – some might say notorious – for drastic changes to its socio-economic structure (including its welfare programmes), its Social Security is the most secure and unchanged public pension programme among major Western countries. In the restructuring age of welfare states, public pensions have been reformed several times in Japan and various European countries, with an overhaul of benefits and taxes. However, Social Security in the US has not undergone such reforms in the three de

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Krisiunas, Edward, Gina Vallone-Hood, Alan Woodard, and Neil Norrell. "Evaluation of Autoclaving CAT: A Infectious Substance Packaging during the Ebola Crisis in the United States." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (2020): s443—s444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.1112.

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Background: During the 2014 US Ebola crisis, an unprecedented amount of biohazardous waste was generated during patient care; healthcare facilities were overwhelmed by large volumes of waste. Few facilities had on-site waste treatment; therefore, waste was packaged and sent off site for incineration and disposal in Port Arthur, Texas, at a significant cost. Shipping this waste off site required the use of the US Department of Transportation (USDOT) Hazardous Materials (HMR 49 CFR) category A triple packaging for infectious substances. The most common treatment method for biohazardous waste in

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Glusker, Ann. "Urban Public Libraries Do Not Yet Meet Benchmarks for Web Accessibility by Individuals with Disabilities." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 10, no. 2 (2015): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8pw32.

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A Review of: Maatta Smith, S. L. (2014). Web Accessibility Assessment of Urban Public Library Websites. Public Library Quarterly, 33(3), 187-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01616846.2014.937207   Abstract  Objective – To determine the extent to which urban public libraries in the United States of America provide web sites which are readily accessible to individuals with disabilities with reference to the Urban Library Council’s EDGE initiative (specifically Benchmark 11, “Technology Inclusiveness”).  Design – Web site evaluation.  Setting –

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Koleva, Stefka Ilieva. "A literature review exploring common factors contributing to Never Events in surgery." Journal of Perioperative Practice 30, no. 9 (2020): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750458919886182.

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This literature review explores some common factors contributing to Never Events in surgery. Despite significant patient safety efforts, serious preventable surgical events that turn into Never Events continue to exist. Various search databases were used to collect relevant contemporary data within the time parameters 2008–2019. The literature revealed numerous studies from the United States of America and worldwide, and the need for more current research from the United Kingdom on the subject. The key findings emphasise that communication failure, situational awareness, fatigue, lack of healt

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Blanchard, Walter. "Another Look at the Great Area-Coverage Controversy of the 1950's." Journal of Navigation 58, no. 3 (2005): 349–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463305003322.

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In the immediate aftermath of WW2 there sprang up an international argument over the relative merits for aerial navigation of area-coverage radio navaids versus point-source systems. The United States was in favour of point-source whereas the UK proposed area-coverage, systems for which had successfully been demonstrated under very adverse conditions during the war. It rumbled on for many years, not being finally settled until the ICAO Montreal Conference of 1959 decided for point-source. Since then, VOR/DME/ADF/ILS have been the standard aviation radio navaids and there seems little likelihoo

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Nigro, Melissa A., John J. Cassano, and Shelley L. Knuth. "Evaluation of Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) cyclone forecasts using infrared satellite imagery." Antarctic Science 24, no. 2 (2011): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102011000745.

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AbstractThe Antarctic coast is an area of high cyclonic activity. Specifically, the regions of Terra Nova Bay, in the western Ross Sea, and Byrd Glacier, in the western Ross Ice Shelf, are prone to cyclone development. The United States, New Zealand, and Italian Antarctic programmes conduct extensive research activities in the region of the western Ross Sea. Due to the harsh weather conditions associated with the cyclonic systems that occur in this region and the abundant research activities in the area, it is important to be able to accurately predict the timing, location and strength of cycl

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Gambarini, Gianluca, Massimo Galli, Marco Seracchiani, et al. "In Vivo Evaluation of Operative Torque Generated by Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments during Root Canal Preparation." European Journal of Dentistry 13, no. 04 (2019): 556–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698369.

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Abstract Objectives This in vivo study evaluated the operative torque and preparation time of ProTaper NEXT (Dentsply Maillefer; Ballaigues, Switzerland) and EdgeFile X7 (EdgeEndo; Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States) rotary systems during root canal preparation of maxillary premolars. Materials and Methods Ten double-rooted maxillary premolars with independent canals were selected. Each canal in each tooth was prepared with one of the rotary systems (n = 10), ProTaper NEXT or EdgeFile X7. The instruments were rotated at 300 rpm with maximum torque set at 2 N.cm using an electric motor (KaV

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Schumacher, Russ S., and Adam J. Clark. "Evaluation of Ensemble Configurations for the Analysis and Prediction of Heavy-Rain-Producing Mesoscale Convective Systems*." Monthly Weather Review 142, no. 11 (2014): 4108–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-13-00357.1.

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Abstract This study investigates probabilistic forecasts made using different convection-allowing ensemble configurations for a three-day period in June 2010 when numerous heavy-rain-producing mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) occurred in the United States. These MCSs developed both along a baroclinic zone in the Great Plains, and in association with a long-lived mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) in Texas and Arkansas. Four different ensemble configurations were developed using an ensemble-based data assimilation system. Two configurations used continuously cycled data assimilation, and two

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Halalau, Alexandra, Jeffrey Ditkoff, Jessica Hamilton, et al. "Emergency Center Curbside Screening During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Cohort Study." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 6, no. 3 (2020): e20040. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/20040.

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Background Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic that has placed a significant burden on health care systems in the United States. Michigan has been one of the top states affected by COVID-19. Objective We describe the emergency center curbside testing procedure implemented at Beaumont Hospital, a large hospital in Royal Oak, MI, and aim to evaluate its safety and efficiency. Methods Anticipating a surge in patients requiring testing, Beaumont Health implemented curbside testing, operated by a multidisciplinary team of health care workers, including physicians, advanced practice

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Ikeda, Kyoko, Matthias Steiner, James Pinto, and Curtis Alexander. "Evaluation of Cold-Season Precipitation Forecasts Generated by the Hourly Updating High-Resolution Rapid Refresh Model." Weather and Forecasting 28, no. 4 (2013): 921–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-12-00085.1.

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Abstract The hourly updating High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model is evaluated with regard to its ability to predict the areal extent of cold-season precipitation and accurately depict the timing and location of regions of snow, rain, and mixed-phase precipitation on the ground. Validation of the HRRR forecasts is performed using observations collected by the Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) stations across the eastern two-thirds of the United States during the 2010–11 cold season. The results show that the HRRR is able to reliably forecast precipitation extent during the cold s

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Hashino, T., A. A. Bradley, and S. S. Schwartz. "Evaluation of bias-correction methods for ensemble streamflow volume forecasts." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 11, no. 2 (2007): 939–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-939-2007.

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Abstract. Ensemble prediction systems are used operationally to make probabilistic streamflow forecasts for seasonal time scales. However, hydrological models used for ensemble streamflow prediction often have simulation biases that degrade forecast quality and limit the operational usefulness of the forecasts. This study evaluates three bias-correction methods for ensemble streamflow volume forecasts. All three adjust the ensemble traces using a transformation derived with simulated and observed flows from a historical simulation. The quality of probabilistic forecasts issued when using the t

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Greenwald, Thomas J., R. Bradley Pierce, Todd Schaack, et al. "Real-Time Simulation of the GOES-R ABI for User Readiness and Product Evaluation." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 97, no. 2 (2016): 245–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-14-00007.1.

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Abstract In support of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite R series (GOES-R) program, the Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) at the University of Wisconsin–Madison is generating high quality simulated Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) radiances and derived products in real time over the continental United States. These data are mainly used for testing data-handling systems, evaluating ABI-derived products, and providing training material for forecasters participating in GOES-R Proving Ground test bed activities. The modeling system used to generat

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Hussein, Issa Mohamed, and David Minja. "Influence of Devolution Monitoring and Evaluation on Service Delivery in Garissa County Government." International Journal of Current Aspects 3, no. II (2019): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35942/ijcab.v3iii.25.

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Service delivery in the county government, just as is in the national government, has been termed as not satisfactory. Some of the ways seconded to improve the situation is introduction of monitoring and evaluation. Monitoring and Evaluation system provides the necessary feedback for economic development and policy interventions. However, this area has not received the much-needed attention especially in the county level. In order to accurately and timely track the development progress made in Kenya and the 47 counties in particular, there is need for an efficient M&E system. The absence o

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Jiao, Wan, Gayle Hagler, Ronald Williams, et al. "Community Air Sensor Network (CAIRSENSE) project: evaluation of low-cost sensor performance in a suburban environment in the southeastern United States." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, no. 11 (2016): 5281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-5281-2016.

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Abstract. Advances in air pollution sensor technology have enabled the development of small and low-cost systems to measure outdoor air pollution. The deployment of a large number of sensors across a small geographic area would have potential benefits to supplement traditional monitoring networks with additional geographic and temporal measurement resolution, if the data quality were sufficient. To understand the capability of emerging air sensor technology, the Community Air Sensor Network (CAIRSENSE) project deployed low-cost, continuous, and commercially available air pollution sensors at a

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Mizin, V. "Outlines of Strategic Stability in Global Multipolar Competition." International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 18, no. 2 (2020): 141–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2020.18.2.61.8.

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The article is devoted to the problems of ensuring strategic stability and the task of a comprehensive study of the current situation with strategic stability, developing new approaches to it, taking into account modern realities in the context of a crisis in the international situation, especially in relations between Russia and NATO, Russia and the United States. According to President Vladimir Putin, as a result, the system of strategic stability in the world continues to degrade. The main factors of this aggravation are analyzed. The task is to develop new foundations for strategic stabili

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Balmaseda, Ángel, Saira Saborío Galo, Karla González, et al. "Development of in-house serological methods for diagnosis and surveillance of chikungunya." Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 41 (June 29, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2017.56.

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Objective.To develop and evaluate serological methods for chikungunya diagnosis and research in Nicaragua.Methods.Two IgM ELISA capture systems (MAC-ELISA) for diagnosis of acute chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections, and two Inhibition ELISA Methods (IEM) to measure total antibodies against CHIKV were developed using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and hyperimmune serum at the National Virology Laboratory of Nicaragua in 2014–2015. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and agreement of the MAC-ELISAs were obtained by comparing the results of 198 samples (116 positive; 82 negative) with

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Case, Jonathan L., Sujay V. Kumar, Jayanthi Srikishen, and Gary J. Jedlovec. "Improving Numerical Weather Predictions of Summertime Precipitation over the Southeastern United States through a High-Resolution Initialization of the Surface State." Weather and Forecasting 26, no. 6 (2011): 785–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011waf2222455.1.

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Abstract It is hypothesized that high-resolution, accurate representations of surface properties such as soil moisture and sea surface temperature are necessary to improve simulations of summertime pulse-type convective precipitation in high-resolution models. This paper presents model verification results of a case study period from June to August 2008 over the southeastern United States using the Weather Research and Forecasting numerical weather prediction model. Experimental simulations initialized with high-resolution land surface fields from the National Aeronautics and Space Administrat

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Lupo, Kevin M., Ryan D. Torn, and Shu-Chih Yang. "Evaluation of Stochastic Perturbed Parameterization Tendencies on Convective-Permitting Ensemble Forecasts of Heavy Rainfall Events in New York and Taiwan." Weather and Forecasting 35, no. 1 (2019): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-19-0064.1.

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Abstract The representation of model error in ensemble prediction systems (EPSs) can be limited by the assumptions within parameterization schemes. Stochastic perturbed parameterization tendencies (SPPT) is one representation of model error that randomly perturbs parameterized physical tendencies using a spatially and temporally correlated red-noise field. This research investigates the sensitivity of ensemble rainfall forecasts produced by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model to the configuration of SPPT and independent SPPT (iSPPT) for three meso–synoptic-scale heavy rainfall eve

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Gardner, Kevin J., Robert D. Mattson, David R. Owings, Don Rodden, and John Sifling. "CANADA-UNITED STATES-DIXON ENTRANCE (CANUSDIX) EXERCISE A MODEL OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION FOR PLANNING AND PREPAREDNESS." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (2008): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-57.

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ABSTRACT Since 1992, the Canadian and U.S. Coast Guard, Province of British Columbia, State of Alaska, OSRO'S, and several other organizations and authorities have joined together in a unique annual exercise program held near Dixon Entrance, a remote waterway marking the U.S./Canadian border at the southern tip of the Alaskan panhandle. Following a continuous improvement philosophy, a growing number of participants from both nations have made great strides in improving preparedness and response at the trans-boundary. Conducted over a 4 day period, CANUSDIX is an innovative combination of spill

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Lin, Ye, Y. Alicia Hong, Bradley S. Henson, et al. "Assessing Patient Experience and Healthcare Quality of Dental Care Using Patient Online Reviews in the United States: Mixed Methods Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 7 (2020): e18652. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18652.

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Background Over the last two decades, patient review websites have emerged as an essential online platform for doctor ratings and reviews. Recent studies suggested the significance of such websites as a data source for patients to choose doctors for healthcare providers to learn and improve from patient feedback and to foster a culture of trust and transparency between patients and healthcare providers. However, as compared to other medical specialties, studies of online patient reviews that focus on dentists in the United States remain absent. Objective This study sought to understand to what

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Giudice, Nicholas A., William E. Whalen, Timothy H. Riehle, Shane M. Anderson, and Stacy A. Doore. "Evaluation of an Accessible, Real-Time, and Infrastructure-Free Indoor Navigation System by Users Who Are Blind in the Mall of America." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 113, no. 2 (2019): 140–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x19840918.

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Introduction: This article describes an evaluation of MagNav, a speech-based, infrastructure-free indoor navigation system. The research was conducted in the Mall of America, the largest shopping mall in the United States, to empirically investigate the impact of memory load on route-guidance performance. Method: Twelve participants who are blind and 12 age-matched sighted controls participated in the study. Comparisons are made for route-guidance performance between use of updated, real-time route instructions (system-aided condition) and a system-unaided (memory-based condition) where the sa

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Cai, Huaqing, and Robert E. Dumais. "Object-Based Evaluation of a Numerical Weather Prediction Model’s Performance through Forecast Storm Characteristic Analysis." Weather and Forecasting 30, no. 6 (2015): 1451–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-15-0008.1.

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Abstract Traditional pixel-versus-pixel forecast evaluation scores such as the critical success index (CSI) provide a simple way to compare the performances of different forecasts; however, they offer little information on how to improve a particular forecast. This paper strives to demonstrate what additional information an object-based forecast evaluation tool such as the Method for Object-Based Diagnostic Evaluation (MODE) can provide in terms of assessing numerical weather prediction models’ convective storm forecasts. Forecast storm attributes evaluated by MODE in this paper include storm

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Cecchetti, Alfred A., Niharika Bhardwaj, Usha Murughiyan, Gouthami Kothakapu, and Uma Sundaram. "Fueling Clinical and Translational Research in Appalachia: Informatics Platform Approach." JMIR Medical Informatics 8, no. 10 (2020): e17962. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17962.

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Background The Appalachian population is distinct, not just culturally and geographically but also in its health care needs, facing the most health care disparities in the United States. To meet these unique demands, Appalachian medical centers need an arsenal of analytics and data science tools with the foundation of a centralized data warehouse to transform health care data into actionable clinical interventions. However, this is an especially challenging task given the fragmented state of medical data within Appalachia and the need for integration of other types of data such as environmenta

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Ostropolets, Anna, Linying Zhang, and George Hripcsak. "A scoping review of clinical decision support tools that generate new knowledge to support decision making in real time." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 27, no. 12 (2020): 1968–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocaa200.

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Abstract Objective A growing body of observational data enabled its secondary use to facilitate clinical care for complex cases not covered by the existing evidence. We conducted a scoping review to characterize clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) that generate new knowledge to provide guidance for such cases in real time. Materials and Methods PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, and IEEE Xplore were searched up to May 2020. The abstracts were screened by 2 reviewers. Full texts of the relevant articles were reviewed by the first author and approved by the second reviewer, accompanied by the scree

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Ozkaynak, Mustafa, Noel Metcalf, Daniel M. Cohen, Larissa S. May, Peter S. Dayan, and Rakesh D. Mistry. "Considerations for Designing EHR-Embedded Clinical Decision Support Systems for Antimicrobial Stewardship in Pediatric Emergency Departments." Applied Clinical Informatics 11, no. 04 (2020): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1715893.

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Abstract Objective This study was aimed to explore the intersection between organizational environment, workflow, and technology in pediatric emergency departments (EDs) and how these factors impact antibiotic prescribing decisions. Methods Semistructured interviews with 17 providers (1 fellow and 16 attending faculty), and observations of 21 providers (1 physician assistant, 5 residents, 3 fellows, and 12 attendings) were conducted at three EDs in the United States. We analyzed interview transcripts and observation notes using thematic analysis. Results Seven themes relating to antibiotic pre

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Xiang, Mingying, Justin Q. Moss, Dennis L. Martin, Kemin Su, Bruce L. Dunn, and Yanqi Wu. "Evaluating the Salinity Tolerance of Clonal-type Bermudagrass Cultivars and an Experimental Selection." HortScience 52, no. 1 (2017): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci10773-16.

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Bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) is a highly productive, warm-season, perennial grass that has been grown in the United States for turfgrass, forage, pasture, rangeland, and roadside use. At the same time, many bermudagrass production and reclamation sites across the United States are affected by soil salinity issues. Therefore, identifying bermudagrass with improved salinity tolerance is important for successfully producing bermudagrass and for reclaiming salt-affected sites with saline irrigated water. In this project, the relative salinity tolerance of seven clonal-type bermudagrass was determine

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Cetin, AR, N. Unlu, and N. Cobanoglu. "A Five-Year Clinical Evaluation of Direct Nanofilled and Indirect Composite Resin Restorations in Posterior Teeth." Operative Dentistry 38, no. 2 (2013): E31—E41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/12-160-c.

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SUMMARY Aim: To assess the clinical efficacy of posterior composite resin restorations placed directly and indirectly in posterior teeth after five years. Materials and Methods: A total of 108 cavities in 54 patients were restored with three direct composite resins (Filtek SupremeXT [FSXT], Tetric Evo Ceram [TEC], AELITE Aesthetic [AA]) and two indirect composite resins (Estenia [E] and Tescera ATL [TATL]). All restorations were evaluated by two examiners using the United States Public Health Service criteria at baseline and five years after placement. Statistical analysis was completed with F

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Shukla, Shraddhanand, Greg Husak, William Turner, et al. "A slow rainy season onset is a reliable harbinger of drought in most food insecure regions in Sub-Saharan Africa." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0242883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242883.

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Since 2015, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has experienced an unprecedented rise in acute food insecurity (AFI), and current projections for the year 2020 indicate that more than 100 million Africans are estimated to receive emergency food assistance. Climate-driven drought is one of the main contributing factors to AFI, and timely and appropriate actions can be taken to mitigate impacts of AFI on lives and livelihoods through early warning systems. To support this goal, we use observations of peak Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as an indicator of seasonal drought conditions following

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Benn, Emma K. T., Chengcheng Tu, Ann-Gel S. Palermo, et al. "The ASIBS Short Course: A unique strategy for increasing statistical competency of junior investigators in academic medicine." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 1, no. 4 (2017): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2017.298.

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As clinical researchers at academic medical institutions across the United States increasingly manage complex clinical databases and registries, they often lack the statistical expertise to utilize the data for research purposes. This statistical inadequacy prevents junior investigators from disseminating clinical findings in peer-reviewed journals and from obtaining research funding, thereby hindering their potential for promotion. Underrepresented minorities, in particular, confront unique challenges as clinical investigators stemming from a lack of methodologically rigorous research trainin

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Lea, Randall, and William Shaw. "Tools and Resources: Lower Extremity Conditions: Combination vs Duplication." Guides Newsletter 3, no. 1 (1998): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.1998.janfeb02.

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Abstract This article discusses uses of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) in Australia and New Zealand. In addition to its use in the United States, the AMA Guides also is used in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and some European countries such as Ireland, the Netherlands, and Norway. Use of the AMA Guides varies from country to country, depending on local workers’ compensation or personal injury legislation. In Australia, the AMA Guides is used in various state systems, but the editions used or recommended may differ. Often, cases in which the impairment pr

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Paltzer, Jason, and Keyanna Taylor. "A Cross-Sectional Study of Faith-based Global Health Organizations to Assess the Feasibility of a Christian Research Collaborative." Christian Journal for Global Health 8, no. 1 (2021): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v8i1.491.

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Background: Religiosity and spirituality are recognized determinants of health, yet many faith-based organizations do not conduct or publicly disseminate research or evaluation data to inform practice. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of establishing a collaborative to support small to medium-sized, Christian, global health organizations in producing stronger evidence regarding the practice and application of integral mission health models. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done using a digital, mixed-method (open- and closed-ended questions) survey. The survey

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Harrell, D. R., and Thomas L. Gardner. "Significant Differences in Proved Reserves Estimates Using SPE/WPC Definitions Compared to United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Definitions." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 8, no. 06 (2005): 520–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/84145-pa.

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Summary A casual reading of the SPE/WPC (World Petroleum Congresses) Petroleum Reserves Definitions (1997) and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC) definitions (1978) would suggest very little, if any, difference in the quantities of proved hydrocarbon reserves estimated under those two classification systems. The differences in many circumstances for both volumetric and performance-based estimates may be small. In 1999, the SEC began to increase its review process, seeking greater understanding and compliance with its oil and gas reserves reporting requirements. The agency's defin

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Retka, Susan, Judy Haning, Richard Fuerstenberg, Laurent Drai, and Ravindra Mylvaganam. "Automated Erythropoietin Testing on Beckman Coulter’s Family of Access® Immunoassay Systems." Blood 106, no. 11 (2005): 3761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.3761.3761.

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Abstract Background: Erythropoietin (EPO) is a ~30,400 dalton glycoprotein hormone produced primarily by the kidneys. EPO is the principal factor stimulating bone marrow cells to differentiate into red blood cells (RBCs). Normally, EPO levels increase when oxygen or RBC levels become abnormally low, or decrease if RBC concentrations become abnormally high. The evaluation of EPO is useful in distinguishing between disease etiologies in erythrocytosis or polycythemia (overproduction of RBCs). Primary polycythemia or polycythemia vera is caused by EPO-independent growth of erythrocytic progenitor

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Boehlert, Brent, Susan Solomon, and Kenneth M. Strzepek. "Water under a Changing and Uncertain Climate: Lessons from Climate Model Ensembles*." Journal of Climate 28, no. 24 (2015): 9561–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00793.1.

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Abstract Climate change and rapidly rising global water demand are expected to place unprecedented pressures on already strained water resource systems. Successfully planning for these future changes requires a sound scientific understanding of the timing, location, and magnitude of climate change impacts on water needs and availability—not only average trends but also interannual variability and quantified uncertainties. In recent years, two types of large-ensemble runs of climate projections have become available: those from groups of more than 20 different climate models and those from repe

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Klain, Miroslav, Edmund Ricci, Peter Safar, et al. "Disaster Reanimatology Potentials: A Structured Interview Study in Armenia I. Methodology and Preliminary Results." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 4, no. 2 (1989): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00029939.

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AbstractIn general, preparations for disasters which result in mass casualties do not incorporate a modern resuscitation approach. We explored the life-saving potential of, and time limits for life-supporting first aid (LSFA), advanced trauma life support (ATLS), resuscitative surgery, and prolonged life support (PLS: intensive care) following the earthquake in Armenia on 7 December 1988. We used a structured, retrospective interview method applied previously to evaluation of emergency medical services (EMS) in the United States. A total of 120 survivors of, and participants in the earthquake

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Lawson, John R., Corey K. Potvin, Patrick S. Skinner, and Anthony E. Reinhart. "The Vice and Virtue of Increased Horizontal Resolution in Ensemble Forecasts of Tornadic Thunderstorms in Low-CAPE, High-Shear Environments." Monthly Weather Review 149, no. 4 (2021): 921–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-20-0281.1.

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AbstractTornadoes have Lorenzian predictability horizons O(10) min, and convection-allowing ensemble prediction systems (EPSs) often provide probabilistic guidance of such events to forecasters. Given the O(0.1)-km length scale of tornadoes and O(1)-km scale of mesocyclones, operational models running at horizontal grid spacings (Δx) of 3 km may not capture narrower mesocyclones (typical of the southeastern United States) and certainly do not resolve most tornadoes per se. In any case, it requires O(50) times more computer power to reduce Δx by a factor of 3. Herein, to determine value in such

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Martinez, Nicolas, Youssef Benchaabane, Rosa Elvira Silva, et al. "Computer Model for a Wind–Diesel Hybrid System with Compressed Air Energy Storage." Energies 12, no. 18 (2019): 3542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12183542.

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A hybrid system combines two or more energy sources as an integrated unit to generate electricity. The nature of the sources associated varies between renewable and/or non-renewable energies. Such systems are becoming popular as stand-alone power systems to provide electricity, especially in off grid remote areas where diesel generators act as primary energy source. Wind–diesel systems are among the preferred solutions for new installations, as well as the upgrade of existing ones. However, efforts to address technical challenges towards energy transformation for sustainable development are mu

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Kornecki, Ted S., and Stephen A. Prior. "Engine Exhaust Heat Device for Terminating Cover Crops in No-Till Vegetable Systems." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 35, no. 5 (2019): 787–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.13101.

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Abstract. Sustainable no-till practices utilize cover crops to protect the soil surface and to improve soil properties. Proper cover crop management is the key for successful planting of the main crop directly into cover crop residue without interfering with planting operations. In the Southern United States, the recommended time to plant cash crops into desiccated residue cover is typically three weeks after cover crop termination when the termination rate exceeds 90%; this minimizes nutrient competition between cover and cash crops. The standard method to manage cover crops is mechanical ter

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Zasler, Nathan D., and Michael F. Martelli. "Assessing Mild Traumatic Brain Injury." Guides Newsletter 3, no. 6 (1998): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.1998.novdec01.

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Abstract Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) accounts for approximately 80% of the estimated 373000 traumatic brain injuries that occur annually in the United States. MTBI typically occurs in males 15 to 24 years of age, and postconcussional sequelae may impede physical, emotional, social, marital, vocational, and avocational functioning. Usually the severity of the initial neurologic injury is defined according to the Glasgow Coma Score, the presence and duration of amnesia (retrograde and anterograde), and the alteration of loss of consciousness and its duration. MTBI is a traumatically induc

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Jolly, W. Matt, Patrick H. Freeborn, Wesley G. Page, and Bret W. Butler. "Severe Fire Danger Index: A Forecastable Metric to Inform Firefighter and Community Wildfire Risk Management." Fire 2, no. 3 (2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire2030047.

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Despite major advances in numerical weather prediction, few resources exist to forecast wildland fire danger conditions to support operational fire management decisions and community early-warning systems. Here we present the development and evaluation of a spatial fire danger index that can be used to assess historical events, forecast extreme fire danger, and communicate those conditions to both firefighters and the public. It uses two United States National Fire Danger Rating System indices that are related to fire intensity and spread potential. These indices are normalized, combined, and

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Fredj, Erick, Hugh Roarty, Josh Kohut, Michael Smith, and Scott Glenn. "Gap Filling of the Coastal Ocean Surface Currents from HFR Data: Application to the Mid-Atlantic Bight HFR Network." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 33, no. 6 (2016): 1097–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-15-0056.1.

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AbstractHigh-frequency radar (HFR) surface current data are an increasingly utilized tool for capturing complex dynamics of coastal ocean systems worldwide. The radar is uniquely capable of sampling relevant temporal and spatial scales of nearshore processes that impact event response activities and basic coastal ocean research. HFR is a shore-based remote sensing system and is therefore subject to data gaps, which are predominately due to environmental effects, like increased external noise or low signal due to ocean surface conditions. Many applications of these surface current data require

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Liu, Yongqiang, Scott Goodrick, and Gary Achtemeier. "The Weather Conditions for Desired Smoke Plumes at a FASMEE Burn Site." Atmosphere 9, no. 7 (2018): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9070259.

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Weather is an important factor that determines smoke development, which is essential information for planning smoke field measurements. This study identifies the synoptic systems that would favor to produce the desired smoke plumes for the Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE). Daysmoke and PB-Piedmont (PB-P) models are used to simulate smoke plume evolution during the day time and smoke drainage and fog formation during the nighttime for hypothetical prescribed burns on 5–8 February 2011 at the Stewart Army Base in the southeastern United States. Daysmoke simulation is evaluated

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