Academic literature on the topic 'Justice – Administration – Canada'

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Journal articles on the topic "Justice – Administration – Canada"

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Friedland, Martin L., and Kent Roach. "Borderline Justice: Choosing Juries in the Two Niagaras." Israel Law Review 31, no. 1-3 (1997): 120–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700015260.

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This paper examines the use of juries in criminal cases in Canada and the United States. It is part of a larger study of the administration of criminal justice in Niagara County, Ontario and Niagara County, New York. The basic question examined is why persons accused of serious crimes in the United States usually select a jury, whereas persons in similar circumstances in Canada normally select trial by a judge alone. An investigation of this question will enable us to see some significant differences between the administration of criminal justice in the United States and Canada. It will also show how changes in specific procedural rules may affect other practices. There is a complex interplay between procedural rules. The paper concludes by showing that the widespread use of juries in the United States is consistent with the more populist grass-roots approach in American society which tends to distrust government, compared with the traditional respect for authority, including the authority of judges, in Canada.
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Dalby, J. Thomas, Joe Hudson, Joseph P. Hornick, and Barbara A. Burrows. "Justice and the Young Offender in Canada." Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 15, no. 3 (September 1989): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3550845.

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Owusu-Bempah, Akwasi, and Paul Millar. "Research Note: Revisiting the Collection of “Justice Statistics by Race” in Canada." Canadian journal of law and society 25, no. 1 (April 2010): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0829320100010231.

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The debate over the collection of justice statistics by race continues to hinge on the same key issues that were central to the debate when it arose in the early 1990s. There has been one major change, however: whereas racial minority groups were once vehemently opposed to the collection of justice statistics by race, for fear that such statistics would be used to justify discriminatory policies, many minority groups are now advocating for the collection and publication of this data as a means to redress racial discrimination in the administration of justice. Having discussed the lack of available data on racial and ethnic statistics in the Canadian justice system, the authors sought support from the Canadian Law and Society Association (CLSA). At the 2009 annual general meeting of the CLSA, a motion for the association to take an official position in support of the collection of justice statistics by race was put forth by the authors and accepted by the association. At this time it was also decided that a committee would be established to conduct relevant research and to lobby for the collection of pertinent data. At present we are asking interested individuals or organizations who fall into one or more of the following categories to contact the first author:(1) Those with arguments relating to the collection of justice statistics by race that have not been articulated in the debate that has taken place over the past two decades.(2) Those with information pertaining to the collection of justice statistics by race that is not readily available or that has not been documented in the academic work referenced herein.(3) Those who are interested in participating in the work of the committee outlined at the end of this paper.
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Wang, Fei. "Social Justice Leadership—Theory and Practice: A Case of Ontario." Educational Administration Quarterly 54, no. 3 (February 21, 2018): 470–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013161x18761341.

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Purpose: This study is to investigate how principals promote social justice to redress marginalization, inequity, and divisive action that are prevalent in schools. Research Method: This study employs a qualitative research design with semistructured interviews. Twenty-two elementary and secondary school principals were interviewed in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. Research Findings: Principals who are social justice advocates exercise their influence by focusing on people in an effort to build a socially just community. Their people-centered leadership practice focuses on: putting students at the center, positioning as a social justice leader, developing people for social justice, building school climate through social justice, and fostering positive relationships with families and communities. Social justice leadership is grounded in a very proactive way in bringing about the changes that such a paradigm demands. Implications: This study generates discussions among participants on the dynamics associated with social justice practice and helps practitioners navigate tactically entrenched power structures for the well-being of their students. It also deepens our understanding of social justice leadership by providing empirical evidence how social justice advocates take risks and innovative approaches to social change that embraces the value of democracy, inclusion, representation, and difference.
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Abu-Laban, Yasmeen, and Lorne Foster. "Turnstile Immigration: Multiculturalism, Social Order and Social Justice in Canada." Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 26, no. 1 (March 2000): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3552267.

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Чернухина, Лариса, and Larisa Chernukhina. "Forms of Participation of Indigenous Peoples of North America in Administration of Justice." Journal of Russian Law 2, no. 7 (September 18, 2014): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/4829.

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The author examines the legal status of the aboriginal people of North America in the USA and Canada as well as the protection of their rights. The article explores the legislation of these countries which provides protection of aboriginal people at the administration of justice.
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Jaccoud, Mylène. "La justice pénale et les Autochtones: D'une justice imposée au transfert de pouvoirs." Canadian journal of law and society 17, no. 2 (August 2002): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0829320100007262.

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AbstractThe administration of the justice system within Native communities went through several transformations in Canada. Under the pressures of First Nations' claims, the model of imposition has left room for others based on adapation of practices, participation, consultation and partial power transfers towards Native communities. Such processes of power transfers within the justice field, which started in the 1990's, are part of a more general movement of communitarisation of the penal system or diversion of some conflicts. They are not specific to native communities and limited by several factors, particularly by the founding premisses of the relations between the State and the First Nations, meaning the principle of incorporation of Native Peoples into the law of the State and the socio-economic conditions of Native communities.
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Aggarwal, Arjun P. "Adjudication of Grievances in Public Service of Canada." Relations industrielles 28, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 497–549. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/028418ar.

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Employer-employee relations in the Federal Public Service of Canada entered a new era with the proclamation on March 13, 1967, of three Acts— The Public Service Staff Relations Act ; The Public Service Employment Act ; and anAct to Amend the Financial Administration Act. The employees have been guaranteed the right to organize, the right to bargain, the right to strike and the right to get grievances adjudicated by an independent tribunal. The statutory right to grieve and get the grievances adjudicated have provided to the federal public employees a sense of justice and « fairplay ». The adjudication system has made the private sector of industrial jurisprudence applicable to the federal public services with a remarkable success. This article deals with the function and operation of the statutory Grievance Process and Adjudication.
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Lysova, Alexandra, and Helmut Kury. "Obstacles to the Development of Restorative Justice: a Comparative Analysis of Russia, Canada and Germany." Всероссийский криминологический журнал 12, no. 6 (December 28, 2018): 806–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2018.12(6).806-816.

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Restorative justice (RJ), which is a concept of criminal justice focused on the needs of victims and the community affected by the criminal act rather than on the punishment of the offender, is becoming an integral part of criminal justice in many developed Western countries. Russia, however, is just taking the first steps in the development of restorative justice with the focus on mediation for juvenile delinquents. Using the theory of the (de)civilization process by N. Elias, the authors suggest that a weak state, characterized not so much by inefficient economy as by underdeveloped social institutes, could be an obstacle for a more active use of RJ in Russia. Specifically, the authors claim that corruption undermining the legitimacy of public administration, a lack of trust in law enforcement, suppression of small business and hatred towards some groups of people all strengthen punitive sentiments that contradict the principles of RJ. A comparative criminological analysis of RJ in Canada and Germany reveals the unique history of its emergence and use in these countries in comparison with Russia. As for Germany, the moments of de-civilization in this country in the first half of the 20th century and in the recent years (connected with the uncontrolled influx of migrants) are slowing down the development of RJ. The absence of any significant social upheavals in Canada could explain a strong support for RJ among the local population and a comparatively successful integration of its principles in traditional Canadian criminal justice. In conclusion, the authors debunk some myths regarding RJ, which could constrain its implementation in these countries. In particular, the authors argue, that the traditional paradigm of punishment should not be abolished, but could be supplemented by the paradigm of reconciliation and restoration.
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Baxter, Jamie, and Thomas H. Fletcher. "From Love Canal to Environmental Justice: The Politics of Hazardous Waste on the Canada-US Border." Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 30, no. 2 (June 2004): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3552396.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Justice – Administration – Canada"

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Diab, Robert. "Terrorism and the administration of justice in Canada." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/32370.

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This thesis explores ways in which perspectives in Canada on the administration of justice have shifted after September 11, 2001, in criminal and administrative law. The introductory chapter sets out the general context of my thesis, including a discussion of the development of due process and constitutional rights, and a brief comparison between American, British and Canadian legislative responses to 9 /11. Chapter 2 concerns the context, in which the Canadian Anti-terrorism Act (2001) was drafted, the government's understanding of its purpose and function, and critical reception of the Act. In the face of considerable skepticism, the government (and a minority of sympathetic figures) insisted upon the consistency of the Act with the Canadian Charier of Rights and Freedoms, and argued that it struck a balance between individual and communal interests in a new yet appropriate fashion. Chapter 3 focuses on judicial responses to anti-terror legislation, including provisions dealings with 'security certificate' detentions; the deportation of terrorist suspects to face the risk of torture; and provisions of the Anti- terrorism Act. The cases suggest a general tendency to justify or rationalize departures, from traditional notions of due process, constitutionalism and 'fundamental justice' (in section 7 of the Charter) as appropriate, balanced, and normal. Chapter 4 addresses the problem of accountability of law enforcement and intelligence agencies in light of the post-9/11 amendments to the Canada Evidence Act that significantly expand the scope of state secrecy and privilege in 'national security' matters.
Law, Peter A. Allard School of
Graduate
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Brodie, Scott. "Changes in custody following the enactment of the Youth Criminal Justice Act /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2309.

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Sturdy, Helen Janet. "Judicial interpretations of the Canadian 1984 Young Offenders Act." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29643.

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This thesis attempts to explain changes in juvenile court reasoning from ‘personal’ to ‘social’ goals of justice. The introduction of social reasoning into juvenile justice has resulted in legal reform practices which circumscribe the domain of decentralized community youth services, increase the dependency and surveillance of deviant youth, result in harsher measures of punishment, and generally widen the network of social control through the law. The shift from the treatment intervention focus of the Juvenile Delinquents Act to the deterrence and punishment focus of the Young Offenders Act is maintained by incarcerations and a ‘downward’ sliding tariff of dispositions. The new social control administration formally enters the previously informal social control networks of family, community, and peer relations. Social change options through the law are increasingly centralized in the courts (where youth are concerned) at the expense of the law's potential for mediating decentralized collective change. The new form of social reasoning by which law reform occurs is explicated in order to critique its application for the current legislation and to explore possible use of collective change processes through law. I describe ‘social’ reasoning as a form of interpretive syllogism with the goal of social good satisfied through individual justice, in contrast to ‘personal’ reasoning which involves the individual's best interests as a good in itself. Social reasoning, as currently applied in the YOA, utilizes neoclassical rationality and sociological theories that relate actions to a presumed balance of diverse and competing social interests. My own understanding of the impact of Court interpretations of the YOA are based on in-depth interviews with 10 Youth Court judges in the Vancouver area. I analyze the legislative construction and judicial implementation of the YOA as reflecting a political strategy linked to and grounded in the knowledge relations of experts. Strategies for discipline are consonant with the rationalized practices of social science knowledge, located both in science (the medical model) and in law (sociological jurisprudence). The research findings suggest that ‘social’ reasoning, which is narrowly centered on legal problems arising from the behaviour of juveniles, pursues forms of crime control directly related to the needs of capital. The YOA is thus viewed as a new discourse (based on power and knowledge relationships) that aims to widen state-social control. Given the relatively narrow jurisprudential horizons of both the legislators who framed the YOA and the judges who apply it, the potential of law for effecting social change is curtailed. I conclude my analysis by suggesting a culturally reflexive approach in which legal reasoning, by a process of reconstructing the interpretive syllogism of law to include commonsense practical reasoning, could become more conducive to community change.
Arts, Faculty of
Sociology, Department of
Graduate
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Lees, Charlotte. "The age of criminal responsibility, which direction? : a comparative study of the United Kingdom and Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33054.

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The setting of an 'age of criminal responsibility' by States across the international spectrum is a formal recognition that children do not possess the same mental capacity to comprehend the extent of the criminality of their actions, and their implications, as adults. Any such legal threshold which abruptly deems a child 'criminally responsible' upon the dawning of a birthday is inherently arbitrary, yet a necessary legal fiction. The central conundrum addressed by this discussion is "which direction?"---at what age should policy-makers draw the line. Should legislators be advocating low ages of criminal responsibility, or should they be championing higher ages? An examination of the juvenile justice regimes of the UK and Canada provides an informative backdrop against which to base a sound conclusion: higher ages of criminal responsibility should be adopted in order to counteract and safeguard against the current climate of 'zero tolerance' and retributive 'just deserts' currently motivating youth justice policy.
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Nober, Ophélie. "L'encadrement du raisonnement du juge des faits au sein du procès pénal." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27461.

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La recherche de la vérité est l'objectif du procès pénal dans les modèles accusatoire de common law et inquisitoire. Dans le cadre de notre démonstration, le Canada représente le système accusatoire et la France, un système mixte inspiré du système inquisitoire. Ces modèles mettent donc en place des règles pour éviter une erreur judiciaire. Ces règles exigent que la preuve de la culpabilité emporte la conviction du juge selon un certain degré en fonction du modèle étudié. Pour assurer le respect de ces règles, les procédures canadienne et française utilisent des contrôles indirects et directs du raisonnement du juge des faits. La comparaison permet de déterminer les règles de chaque modèle qui recherchent la vérité et évitent l'erreur judiciaire le plus efficacement.
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Kinney, J. Bryan. "Court sentencing patterns /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2367.

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Haggerty, Kevin Daniel. "Making crime count : a study of the institutional production of criminal justice statistics." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0003/NQ34528.pdf.

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Amar, Natalie. "The Supreme Court of Canada, institutional legitimacy, and the media : newspaper coverage of Morgentaler, Symes and Thibaudeau." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37183.pdf.

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Richard, Hélène. "Être ou ne pas être encadré dans la communauté... La libération par réduction de peine suite à un emprisonnement dans une prison au Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26159.

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La réduction de peine est une mesure d’aménagement de la sanction d’emprisonnement pour les personnes détenues dans les établissements provinciaux, les prisons. Cet abrégement permet un retour en société avant la fin de la peine carcérale. Moins connue que la libération conditionnelle, cette procédure existe dans le même système de justice pénale qui poursuit les objectifs de réinsertion sociale et de sécurité publique. Pourtant, au Québec, la remise en liberté par réduction de peine s’obtient de manière quasi automatique et donne lieu à un affranchissement complet des services correctionnels avant l’expiration légale de la peine d’emprisonnement, contrairement à la libération conditionnelle. Les objectifs poursuivis par ce mémoire visent à examiner la possibilité de resserrer les conditions d’octroi de la réduction de peine et à vérifier l’ouverture permettant l’encadrement de la période de libération ainsi obtenue. L’analyse législative se conclut par deux propositions de réforme, une législative et l’autre, administrative.
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Roberge, Jean-François. "Typologie de l'intervention en conciliation judiciaire chez les juges canadiens siégeant en première instance et ses impacts sur le système judiciaire, le droit et la justice : étude de la perception des juges canadiens." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24199/24199.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Justice – Administration – Canada"

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Goff, Colin H. Criminal justice in Canada. 3rd ed. Scarborough, Ont: Thomson Nelson, 2004.

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(Canada), National Crime Prevention Council. Incarceration in Canada =: L'incarcération au Canada. Ottawa, Ont: National Crime Prevention Council Canada = Conseil national de prévention du crime Canada, 1997.

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Statistics, Canadian Centre for Justice. Policing in Canada =: Les forces de l'ordre au Canada. Ottawa, Ont: Statistics Canada = Statistique Canada, 1986.

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Criminal justice in Canada. 5th ed. Toronto: Nelson Education, 2011.

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Criminal justice in Canada. 4th ed. Toronto: Thomson Nelson, 2008.

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Criminal justice in Canada. Toronto, Ontario: Nelson Education, 2014.

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Goff, Colin H. Criminal justice in Canada: An introduction. Toronto: ITP Nelson, 1997.

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Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. Inventory of automated justice systems in Canada. Ottawa, Ont: Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, 1986.

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Trotter, Gary T. Confronting miscarriages of justice in Canada. [Toronto: Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, 2005.

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Trotter, Gary T. Confronting miscarriages of justice in Canada. [Toronto: Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Justice – Administration – Canada"

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Winter, Stephen. "Administrative Justice and Canada’s Hong Kong Veterans." In Transitional Justice in Established Democracies, 128–53. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137316196_7.

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"- The Role of the Police in the Administration of Juvenile Justice in Canada: Balancing Criminal Justice and Social Welfare Concerns in a Risk Society." In Juvenile Justice Administration, 182–205. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12089-13.

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"- Juvenile Justice Administration: A Canadian Overview." In Juvenile Justice Administration, 346–73. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b12089-19.

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"3. Courts and Administration of Criminal Justice." In Canadian Criminal Justice History, 141–227. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781487584672-006.

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Sullivan, Érick, and Fannie Lafontaine. "Academia as Partner in the Habré Trial." In The President on Trial, 204–12. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198858621.003.0028.

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This chapter highlights how the clinical work of Érick Sullivan and Fannie Lafontaine from Canada's Laval University with law students supported both the Hissène Habré trial as well as student engagement with international criminal justice. During the 5 years that lasted Laval University's involvement in the Habré case, academics and students alongside practitioners undertook numerous activities. This collaboration demonstrated how legal clinics can be used as a hub bridging academia and community in the context of strategic litigation. Through them, researchers' outputs are feeding strategic litigators, and practitioners' applied knowledge is feeding the researchers' agenda, thus allowing both to co-create innovative arguments that will be used in strategic litigation to achieve the expected long-lasting impact on law and society. This novel partnership structure hosted at Laval University links academic researchers, legal clinics, and NGO partners across Canada to work on an interdisciplinary research program that has both international and Canadian dimensions comprised of three main axes that pertain to different and complementary routes that victims of international crimes can take in Canada, in other states, and before international institutions, to seek criminal, civil, and administrative or other remedies.
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Daly, Paul. "A Values-based Approach." In Understanding Administrative Law in the Common Law World, 1–31. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192896919.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces the means of achieving the three objectives of this book: to enhance the understanding, guide the future development and justify the core features of contemporary administrative law. First, the historical backdrop to the development, in recent decades, of general principles of administrative law is explained. Second, the four values which provide structure to the law of judicial review of administrative action are introduced: individual self-realisation, good administration, electoral legitimacy and decisional autonomy. Third, an explanation on how these values are used to interpret the core features of contemporary administrative law is given. Fourth, the chapter addresses the book’s comparative approach, justifying the choice of Australia, Canada, England, Ireland and New Zealand as its focus. Fifth, this chapter situates the book’s interpretivist approach, which relies on a plurality of values, in the existing scholarly literature on administrative law, noting that unlike others this book does not argue that there is one single meta-value, meta-principle or meta-concept around which the subject revolves. Lastly, this chapter provides an overview of the rest of this book.
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Smith, Patrick J. "3. Fairness Inc.: Administrative Justice in B.C. – The Ombudsman Office at Thirty." In Provincial & Territorial Ombudsman Offices in Canada, edited by Stewart Hyson. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442685901-006.

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Bumsted, J. M. "3. Politics and the Administration of Justice on Early Prince Edward Island, 1769–1805." In Essays in the History of Canadian Law, edited by Christopher English. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442656994-007.

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