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Academic literature on the topic 'Justice environnementale – Droit – Afrique occidentale'
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Journal articles on the topic "Justice environnementale – Droit – Afrique occidentale"
Manière, Laurent. "Deux conceptions de l’action judiciaire aux colonies. Magistrats et administrateurs en Afrique occidentale française (1887-1912)." Chantiers de l’histoire du droit colonial, no. 4 (June 17, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.35562/cliothemis.1390.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Justice environnementale – Droit – Afrique occidentale"
Niang, Pathé Marame. "Les processus participatifs dans la gestion des écosystèmes en Afrique de l'Ouest : une contribution à la démocratie environnementale." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROD003/document.
Full textThe participative processes basing on the principles of information and participation regarding environment contribute to the environmental democracy in Africa the West. This contribution is made beyond the implementation of these principles in the management of the ecosystems, by the research for an environmental social justice and the attempt to implement (operate) the principles of good governance in the service of the management of the ecosystems and the respect for human rights in the field of the environment. However, so that the participative processes make a better contribution to the environmental democracy in western Africa, it is necessary that the legal framework of the participation of the public is clarified. This legal framework concerns as well the access to the information, the procedures of participation of the public in the decision-making and in the management regarding environment, but especially to offer the possibility to the public to be listened by the justice or by of other one methods of payment of the disputes regarding environment and regarding management of the ecosystems
Gendry, Thaïs. "Le droit de tuer, La peine de mort au service de l’ordre colonial en Afrique occidentale française, 1900-1950." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0059.
Full textThe justice handed out in the French colonies of West Africa is not a by-product of French metropolitan justice. Oblivious to the separation of power, while being authoritarian and racialized, it is a distinctive way of organizing the right to punish and the right to kill. The death penalty has a scarce historiography in the French empire. It is also marginal in studies pertaining to colonial tools of power, law and order. Yet, it is the culmination of a process central to the establishment and maintenance of colonial domination: the separation between a legitimate right to kill and other types of illegitimate lethal violence. This dissertation explores the role played by the death penalty in the context of French West Africa between 1900 and 1950.The death penalty is analysed as a space where the fundamentals of colonial policies are deployed. Condemnation and executions generate and circulate colonial discourses about African behaviour, giving rise to criminal and enemy figures that ought to be eliminated. The staging of legitimate violence, within courts and by firing squads, continuously re-enacts divisions of power, of status (citizen/subject), of race and culture—the very pillars of the colonial order
Mbodj, Hamady Hamidou. "L'organisation de la justice pénale en Afrique occidentale française : le cas du Sénégal de 1887 à l'aube des indépendances (1887-1960)." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR0012/document.
Full textThe period going from 1887 to the independences (1960) allows us to approach the question of the justice in French West Africa by highlighting the transformation of rules and the exercise of the justice, as well as the meeting between the Western system and the local legal pluralism. In Senegal as in the other territories of the French West Africa, the legal and judicial evolution reveals the opposition between two trends: that of the assimilation and that of the adaptation. Within the framework of this confrontation, jurisdictions that are unknown in the mainland France are created in the colonies in order to remedy with the lack of staff and with the financial means of the jurisdictions. For these same reasons the collegiality remains very rare and the justice is often organized around only one judge who is in charge of the pursuit, the investigation and the judgement. The organisation of the native penal justice set up in 1903, practically meets with the will of keeping the native institutions. However, the desire of assimilation leads to achieve around it reforms which tend to weaken the native institutions
Amadou, Adamou Bachirou. "Le constitutionnalisme à l’épreuve de l’intégration dans l’espace CEDEAO : contribution à l’étude de la protection des droits fondamentaux depuis l’« ouverture démocratique » en Afrique." Thesis, Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL0123/document.
Full textThe study of constitutionalism in the legal order of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), through the lens of the protection of fundamental rights, seems particularly interesting, such that the West African organization has undergone a profound transformation or even metamorphosis. From an economic point of view, ECOWAS has transcended it’s initial dimension to achieve supranationality, the only way to the proven effectiveness that will allow it both to seize it’s community ambition and not miss the meeting of globalization. This is evidenced by the ever-increasing constitutionalization of the Community legal order by a Praetorian method of protecting fundamental rights, which has enable the ECOWAS Court of Justice to establish it’s autonomy. However, constitutionalism does not seem to penetrate definitely the West African legal order which is only in it’s embryonic stage. Nevertheless, in the face of demands of an African democratic renewal, it was necessary to turn resolutely towards the creation of a legal and political environment conducive to the realization of the African integration project. In order to better define the community’s conviction and definitively enshrine the renewal of regionalism, the Member States had to abandon their unreasoned theoretical ambition, based on developmentalism, to guarantee the process of integration, the essential elements for the construction of it’s "identity", in particular it’s "constitutional identity". In that respect, the normative evolution of ECOWAS, first initiated by the Revised Treaty, then by the Protocol on Democracy and Good Governance and finally the Accra Protocol relating to the Court of Justice, has made it possible to determine the constitutional framework of the Community. These are fundamental evolutions which have allowed both the legalization of fundamental rights and the affirmation of West African constitutionalism. These principles of constitutional convergence thus make it possible to respond to the political and security challenges, the keystone of the construction of a public community space: the ECOWAS region
Dourma, Marwanga. "La protection pénale de l'enfant au prisme de l'administration coloniale depuis la rencontre des droits occidentaux et des droits traditionnels en Afrique occidentale, spécialement au Togo : de 1922 à nos jours." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA4011.
Full textThe black African child lives in an environment where tradition and modernity exist side by side and occasionally clash. This co-existence, and occasional conflict can be seen at the level of daily life and also in the justice system. It is therefore a co-existence on both a sociological and judicial level. The phenomenon has its origins with the colonization of Africa. 19th century colonialism introduced onto the continent several new elements which radically altered the life of Africans. It introduced European law to peoples who had before only been governed by traditional laws arising from their customs. This new European law, today known as “modern law”, had always aimed at priority over traditional laws. The process of “European legalization” in the life of African societies through the single view of colonial priorities provoked a conflict in values which poses a problem for the African himself, but also for the child whose penal protection invites some questions. Through the specific example of Togo which experienced two different foreign justice systems, with first German and then French, colonization, the present study analyses the question of the legal protection of the child in black Africa. Starting with pre-colonial Africa, this analysis covers three successive periods before envisaging the near future. It is first a question therefore of analyzing the legal protection of the child in his traditional environment. The beginning of colonization is then examined in order to understand its administrative organization, for this organization not only altered the traditional protective environment of the child but also organized the penal law designed to protect the black African child. The answers proposed by contemporary protection policies need also to be analyzed. Finally the study, on the basis of the evidence that millions of African children still see their most basic elementary rights trampled on, examines the value of international judicial responses to the question of penal protection of the child, both at a regional level and that of the United Nations. This analysis therefore, covers three essential periods. The first is the pre-colonial period, characterized by the exclusive nature of laws originating from traditional customs, a period during which the child, considered as the essential element in society, is the concern of each member of the community. This central position of the child results from its status which is close to that of ancestors and deity. For this reason nobody can harm a child without offending both deity and the ancestors of the community and therefore provoking their anger towards the community of the culprit. In consequence, by watching over the security of the child the community watches over its own security as well as its economic prosperity as the child represents the economic capacity of the community. The second period, the colonial period, is characterized by the calling into question of the traditional legal protection of the child. Colonization, by virtue of its principles and administrative system imposed itself as the sole way of analyzing all sociological and judicial issues in Africa, despite the counter values that Africans blame it for introducing into their societies. Not only did the methods of introducing this organization provoke resistance, its refusal to take into account the traditional principles regulating African societies transformed the introduction into a problem instead of a solution towards helping African societies to “evolve”. In consequence, the judicial system proposed by colonization to protect the child never achieved the support of the great majority of African populations. The contemporary period, that is to say the post-colonial period, has little improved the real judicial situation of the African child. The stubbornness of African governments in drafting legislation as a continuation of colonial laws has rendered the penal law system ineffective. The intervention of regional and international law, through the Convention for the Rights of the Child and its additional protocols, along with The African Charter for the Rights and Well-being of the Child remain without any real effect. Those laws which don’t manage to create a universal law with “multiple facets” thereby integrating the specificities of Africa, seem condemned to have a minimal impact because they neither conquer the spirit nor the hearts of Africans who remain attached to their traditions, on both on a practical and a judicial level. Togo, fortunately, unlike, other countries in black Africa, seems to have realized that it is necessary to reconcile laws and people. It has been involved, for several years, in the construction of a more dynamic penal system for the protection on the child. This reconciliation of law with the people is being undertaken with information campaigns and the involvement of civil society through NGOs and associations. However, the still timid results must be pointed out on the basis that this process will only achieve its full effect by integrating in a considerable way the specific realities of Africa
Kaboré, Daouda. "Organisations internationales, démilitarisation de la vie politique et construction de la démocratie en Afrique de l’ouest (Côte d’Ivoire, Libéria, Sierra Léone) : 1990-2011." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100001/document.
Full textSince 1990, the West African states face insecurity and the struggle for armed conflict resolution. They are mostly destabilized by military coup. International community support Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia and Sierra Leone in the research of conflict solutions and the building of democratic institutions in the African states. Instead of the interference of the international organization in the African’s internal affairs and the strategies adopted, the insecurity continues to be a real problem for the stability of the sub-region. The states continue to be fragile. According to the assistance of UNO specialized agencies, an international Non-Government Organization (INGO) network is built around the assistance activities, to support the consequences of the armed conflicts. The INGO make the most of the opportunities to reinforce their position in the state and to create others activities to improve their business. Despite all positions of ECOWAS, African unity organization, and African Union to prevent conflicts and to find mechanisms of the management and peaceful solution, the states are not able to build a long term peace. The member states make the most opportunity of the insecurity of the sub region. Theirs strategies are to protect their own interests instead of finding solutions for peace. This behavior and the incoherence in theirs peace-actions continue to be subjects of discussion. This makes think another approach of conflict resolution in Africa. My research is to analyze the strategies of the international organizations, their strength and their weakness in peacekeeping and the capacity-building of African democratic institutions
Travaini, Grégory. "De l’influence des puissances européennes sur la résolution des conflits en Afrique de l’Ouest : la culture juridique « africaine »." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020088.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study the influence of the European powers on past and present dispute resolution in West African legal systems and thereby to determine whether an "African legal culture" exists
Sow, Idrissa. "La protection de l’ordre juridique sous-régional par les Cours de justice : contribution à l’étude de la fonction judiciaire dans les organisations ouest-africaines d’intégration." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40029.
Full textAfter being freed from colonization, the West African States have set up commonly economic integration organizations to promote their economic and social development.The creation of the majority of those organizations is based on the European example and they have an independent legal personality and a body with specific rules in charge of integrating uniformly the internal legal environment of the different Member States.The harmonious functioning of the system requires, among others, the existence of an independent structure designed to take control of the general balance organization and achieve a uniform interpretation of the Community norms. Within the framework of the WAEMU as well as in the ECOWAS, this protective function is delegated to integrated judicial bodies whose main mission consists in making sure that a submission to the law related to the interpretation and compliance with Treaties is effective.The goal of such a contribution is to point out that the settled protection device is functioning, on the one hand, by the cooperation mechanisms introduced by justice courts and the other components of the Community system and, on the other hand, by the judicial control over the community structures and the Member States