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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Justice in Nigeria'
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1
Isokun, M. I. "Administration of justice : a study of the Nigerian systems of justice in Bendel State, Nigeria." Thesis, Swansea University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637378.
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Umeh, Emmanuel Chukwuemeka. "The promotion of human rights and social justice : a call to liberation theology for the Church in Nigeria /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/373892179.pdf.
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Elechi, Ogbonnaya Oko. "Doing justice without the state, the Afikpo (Ehugbo)-Nigeria model." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0028/NQ51856.pdf.
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Ogwu, Friday Adejoh. "Environmental justice, planning and oil and gas pipelines in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1406.
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This thesis analyses the impact of oil and gas pipelines on the environment and settlements from the perspective of environmental justice, using a case study of the oilproducing communities in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Within Nigeria, this region is most affected by oil and gas pipeline activities, in terms of both socio-economic and environmental impacts. This state of affairs raises issues of environmental justice among the stakeholders. The research for this thesis took place in three case study areas, and included a total of 6 group discussions, 30 in-depth interviews and 2 workshops. Analysis of this data showed that the oil and gas pipeline network has not improved the environmental and economic conditions of the people in the communities it traverses. The empirical evidence equally suggests that the lack of community involvement and appropriate recognition given to some groups of stakeholders in the management of the oil and gas pipeline project is strongly related to the incidence of pipeline network sabotage. The research advocates a new approach, based on the core principles of environmental justice that promotes inclusion of the necessary stakeholders, including the physical planners, and would incorporate local knowledge and experience into the environmental management of the region. Such a framework will not only protect the environment and people from the impacts of the pipelines, but will also protect the pipelines from vandalism and save Nigeria many billions of dollars, lives and livelihoods over the coming years.
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Imiera, Pius. "Developing a legal framework for state compensation of crime victims in Nigeria." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64611.
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The 1999 Constitution of Nigeria provides expressly for the safety and protection of the rights of citizens in general terms, including other provisions which guarantee the safety of the Nigerian people; however, the Constitution places priority on the rights of criminals over and above the rights and interests of crime victims. This position and situation has engendered public dissatisfaction with the Nigerian criminal justice systems in general and the Constitution in particular.
This study has analysed the means and mechanisms available in the Nigerian legal system for crime victims’ compensation and restitution for criminal acts committed against them, and it has found that those means are different to what are obtained in other jurisdictions. The study further found that state-funded compensation for crime victims is practiced to various degrees in places like New Zealand, Great Britain, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, Germany, Finland, Colombia and the Philippines to mention but a few.
The study discovered that, as it stands presently in Nigeria, there are no public compensation schemes for crime victims and that the compensation mechanisms that exist in the country which the courts award are grossly inadequate. The study also found that the Nigerian government does not see the need to establish state-funded compensation schemes for crime victims on the premise that crime victims should exercise their rights to claim compensation from the criminal offenders in delictual or tort claims. This study, therefore, argues that the extant legal frameworks in Nigeria are manifestly inadequate to provide for the needs of crime victims effectively in the aftermath of victimization and recommends the development of a system for state-funded compensation for crime victims in Nigeria building on comparative best practices and international guidelines such as the UN Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power and the Commonwealth Guidelines for the Treatment of Victims of Crime.Thesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Centre for Human Rights
LLD
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Adeyemo, Deborah Damilola. "Transitional justice after the military regimes in Nigeria: a failed attempt?" Thesis, University of Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3314.
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Bagu, Kajit J. "Cognitive justice, plurinational constitutionalism and post-colonial peacebuilding." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15817.
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Several problems disquieting the developing world render the post-colonial state unstable, with recurrent, often violent conflict. The seeming incurable vulnerability of the nation-state construct reflects inherent problems in its basic constitutional philosophy for managing diverse identities in the global South. It suggests an incapacity for equality and justice, undermining the moral legitimacy of the colonial-state model. This is illustrated using Central Nigeria or Nigeria’s ‘Middle- Belt’ through numerous identities, largely veiled in non-recognition and misrecognition by the colonial and post-colonial state and its conflicts. The baggage of colonialism stalks the developing world through unjust socio-political orders. Therefore, the post-colonial liberal constitution (using Nigeria’s 1999 Federal Constitution) and mechanisms it imbibes for managing diversity (Consociationalism, Federalism/Federal Character, Human Rights, Citizenship), is exposed to be seriously misconceived epistemically and cartographically. I argue that effective peacebuilding in the global South is impossible without Cognitive Justice, which is 'the equal treatment of different forms of knowledge and knowers, of identities’. I articulate a political constitutional philosophy grounded upon Cognitive Justice as a conception of justice, advancing normative and conceptual frameworks for just post-colonial orders. This provides foundations for a proposed reconceptualisation and restructuring of the institutional and structural make-up of the post-colonial state through a ground-up constitution remaking process, for new orders beyond colonially stipulated delimitations. In search of appropriate constitutional designs, I engage Multiculturalism, National Pluralism and Plurinational State scholarship by Western Political Philosophers and Constitutional Theorists (Kymlicka, Taylor, Tully, Keating, Tierney, Norman, Anderson, and Requejo etc), as they address particularly the UK, Canadian and Spanish cases, as well as Awolowo’s philosophies. I also engage recent plurinational constitutional designs operational in Ecuador and Bolivia, and propose that the latter hold more appropriate conceptual and structural pointers for effective peacebuilding in the troubled, pluralist global South.
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Hamani, Oumarou. "Les modes de régulation de l'appareil judiciaire Nigérien." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0432.
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Cette thèse a pour but d'identifier et d'analyser les règles qui, de façon concrète, déterminent le fonctionnement de la justice nigérienne, à partir de deux terrains ethnographiques: Niamey et Zinder. Trois principales questions servent de fils conducteurs à cette recherche: dans quelle mesure les règles formelles assurent la régualrité du fonctionnement de la justice, comment les professionnels de la justice, notamment les magistrats, réagissent face à l'application des règles professionnelles, et enfin quel processus de négociation des règles émerge de cette interaction? Particulièrement, il s'agit de voir la façon dont ses règles officielles sont mobilisées, produites, manipulées, transformées au quotidien dans le cadre de la délivarance du service public de la justice. Les règles de fonctionnement de la justice ne sont pas strictement respectées, celles-ci sont combinées avec des règles non officielles. De plus, face à l'incapacité de l'Etat à allouer les ressources nécessaires au fonctionnement de la justice, les acteurs recourent à l'exterieur de la justice pour mobiliser des ressources non étatiques. Le recours à l'informel dans la justice maintient ce segement de l'Etat en état de fonctionnement, en même temps qu'il contribue à le rendre dépendant vis-àvis des acteurs non-étatiquesThe aim of this work is to identify the rules which determine the functionning of the justice og Niger, from two ethnographical grounds: Niamey and Zinder. Three main questions are of use as vital leads to this research: how to do the formal rules insure the regularity of the functionning of the justice, how the professional of the justice, in particular the magistrates, react in front of the application of the professional rules, rules, and finally which process of negotiation of rules appears from this interaction? Particularly, it is a question of seeing the way its official rules are mobilized, produced, treated, transformed to the everyday life within the framework of the delivery of the justice public service. The rules of functioning of the justice are not strictly respected, these are combined with unofficial rules. Frthermore, in fornt of the incapacity of the state to assign the resources necessary for the functioning of the justice, the actors resort outside of the justice to mobilize non-state resources. The appeal to the informal in the justice maintians this segment of the State in working order, at the same time as it contributes to make it dependent towards the non-state actors
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Umejesi, Ikechukwu. "Land use, compensational justice and energy resource extraction in Nigeria: a socio-historical study of petroleum and coal mining communities." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/344.
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Scholarly and public analyses of state-community conflict in resource-rich communities, especially in Nigeria, often portray the compensational practices of the state and extractive enterprises as unjust and unsustainable. According to this view, at least three issues foreground the “unjustness”, namely: a) Inadequate compensation of land owners when land is expropriated or degraded in the process of natural resource exploration and production; b) inadequate periodic rents paid by extractive firms to land owners; and c) lack of, or inadequate socio-economic infrastructure in the host communities of extractive operations. Most analysts have therefore argued for a revamp of the compensation system and have presented the inadequacy of compensation as the underlying cause of conflict in Nigeria‟s mining communities (see Frynas, 2000b:208; Okoji, 2002:205). This thesis subjects the compensation discourse to a closer examination, especially against the backdrop of underdevelopment, pervasive poverty, environmental damage and continuing corporate-community conflict in Nigeria‟s resource-rich rural communities. The main argument is that, because of some of its underlying neoliberal assumptions, much of the compensation discourse is flawed – which is why the discourse obscures the true character of state-community and corporate-community conflict. This more so, because the discourse relies mainly on post-colonial (that is, post-1960) experiences and contemporary advocacy literature, ignores the interplay between history and contemporary developments in state-community relations, and treats compensation as an independent variable. Drawing on the concept of collective memory, and utilising historical, ethnographic and survey data from two of Nigeria‟s oldest petroleum and coal-mining communities, the thesis examines how the evolution of the Nigerian state and collective memory about aspects of that evolution have shaped state-community relations in the extractive sector. It situates state- iii community resource-related conflict within the wider socio-historical matrix of state and community contestations for ecological and natural resource sovereignty. The key finding of the thesis is that within the context of socio-ecological rights, compensation demands by local communities are textured. In the case of the communities selected for the study, such demands are often made outside, rather than within, local ethnographic ideas of “justness” and “fairness”. Hence, land-related grievances associated with natural resource extraction persist, regardless of whether or not local demands for compensation are “adequately” met by the state and extractive corporations. The thesis enriches and extends our understanding of natural resource conflict by privileging both the sociological and historical contexts of the conflict and raising questions about the dominance the state enjoys over local communities and indigenous ecological spaces.
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Omale, Don John Otene. "Restorative justice as an alternative dispute resolution model : opinions of victims of crime and criminal justice professionals in Nigeria." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/2411.
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This is an original non-experimental research conducted in four Geo-Political Zones in Nigeria (West Africa). It surveys opinions of victims of crime and conflicts, and criminal justice professionals with regard to exploring restorative justice as an Alternative Dispute Resolution Model in the country. The findings of this study are relatively in line with other cross-national research and evaluations of restorative justice, which consistently demonstrate that victims of crime are better off after participating in restorative justice programmes compared to the court proceedings (see Strang et al, 2006 for instance). The ‘Afrocentric’ viewpoints contained in the findings are imperative to international practitioners and scholars interested in Peace and Dispute Resolutions in Africa.
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Akanji, Olugbenga Rotimi. "Incarceration of Nonviolent Offenders at the High Court in Oyo State, Nigeria." Thesis, Walden University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10742944.
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The nonuse of community correction in the Nigeria criminal justice system has led to increased recidivism, contributed to prison congestion, introduced the risk of prison victimization, and lacked the provision of a rehabilitative structure for nonviolent offenders. The purpose of this phenomenological research study was to explore Nigerian judges’ use of alternatives to incarcerations for nonviolent offenders. Dolinko retributive punishment theory provided the theoretical framework for this study. Ten participant judges comprised the study sample from a purposeful and criterion random sampling method. Data were collected from participants through structured interviews and were coded manually, sorted, and analyzed using the Saldana data coding process framework. According to study findings, judges were inclined to use alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent offenders. Also, community correction could reduce overcrowding in prisons and provide the opportunity for self-improvement for nonviolent offenders supervised in the community. The implications for positive social change include a better understanding and implementation of community corrections for Nigeria judiciary and policymakers and the use of alternatives to incarceration for nonviolent offenders, which would improve rehabilitation, reformation, and reintegration of offenders into society.
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Pigrau, Antoni, and Antonio Cardesa-Salzmann. "Intertwined Actions against serious environmental damage: The impact of Shell in Nigeria." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115581.
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The demand for natural resources and energy continues to growin the developed world and, with it, the negative impacts on the environment and the rights of the peoples directly affected by extractive activities undertaken by the largest transnational corporations. Three factors compel victims of serious environmental damage to resort simultaneously to any available avenue of legal action (whether judicial or non-judicial, national or international): (1) the link between environmental damage and human rights abuses; (2) weak legislation, combined with the inability or unwillingness of the law-enforcing institutions in many countries where such extractive activities take place; and (3) the absence of international avenues to claim direct liability from corporations. We call this phenomenon intertwined actions, as the various judicial actions undertaken by the victims end up mutually reinforcing and increasing the visibility of the problem. The aim of this paper is to show this reality on the basis of the various instances of litigation that are taking place in the specific context of Shell’s activities in the Niger delta.La presión de la demanda de recursos naturales y de energía en el mundo desarrollado sigue creciendo y, con ello, los impactos negativos sobre el medio ambiente y los derechos de las personas vinculados en especial a las actividades extractivas llevadas a cabo por las mayores empresas transnacionales. La suma de tres factores —la vinculación entre daños al medio ambiente y vulneración de derechos humanos, la debilidad de la legislación y la incapacidad o la falta de voluntad de la institucionalidad que debe aplicarla en muchos de los países donde se desarrollan dichas actividades y la inexistencia de vías internacionales para reclamar la responsabilidad directamente a las empresas— ha llevado a las víctimas de graves daños ambientales a utilizar a la vez todo tipo de vías disponibles (judiciales y nojudiciales, nacionales e internacionales), en lo que cabe denominar acciones entrelazadas, puesto que todas ellas acaban por reforzarse mutuamente y aumentan la visibilidad del problema. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar esta realidad a partir del caso concreto del impacto de las actividades de la empresa petrolera Shell, una de las empresas que opera en el delta del Níger.Este artículo se basa en uno de los estudios de caso realizados en el marco de un proyecto más amplio de investigación vinculado al Proyecto Environmental Justice Organizations, Liabilities and Trade (EJOLT), VII Programa Marco de la Unión Europea, Número FP7-SCIENCE-IN-SOCIETY-2010–1, y al proyecto de investigación, financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España, «La garantía jurídica de la vertiente intrageneracional de la justicia ambiental como aspecto social del desarrollo sostenible» (DER2010-19529).
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Ozoeze, Victor Anthony. "Ethnicity and Politics of Exclusion in Nigeria : Employing Rawls'Theory of Justice in Plural Societies." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2913.
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With an estimated 250 ethnic groups, Nigeria, no doubt, has been grappling with the problem of pluralism of ethnic nationalities. It is not news in Nigeria that extreme ethnic consciousness of its citizens has led to the victimization of one ethnic group by another. This victimization has come in the form of exclusions in the distribution of both wealth and power in the country.
Amidst all the exclusions, the unity of the country has been ironically regarded as sacrosanct, and should not be negotiated. It is often said that fate brought all the ethnic nationalities in order to form one great country. I subscribe to this belief that fate brought us together for the above purpose, especially now that several countries around the world are merging in one way or the other to form a formidable force to reckon with both politically and economically. Hence, “(ethnic integration) is the integration of capabilities. It develops the capabilities of the workforce… it offers opportunities for better synergy of skills”. However, it would be ethically unhealthy for the unity of the country not to be compromised under the present dispensation, which has been compromising in turn the basic moral principle of social justice. There cannot be any moral basis for the continued existence of a country like Nigeria, which as it were, has thrown equality of all citizens to the dogs.
Should the country remain united, it must do so by imbibing the culture of regarding all citizens, as well as, all ethnic nationalities as equal, and none should have more privileges than the others. Therefore, how can a plural society like Nigeria remain united as one indivisible country?
Rawls has offered some solutions to the problem of stability engendered by the pluralism of ethnic groups in Nigeria. His idea of ‘overlapping consensus of reasonable comprehensive doctrines’ in his Political Liberalism is capable of bringing back the country to the state of stability. There will be stability, if all forms of exclusion seize to exist in the Nigerian polity.
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Aniago, Wilfred Onyekachi. "International Debt Cancellation and the Question of Global Justice: A Case Study of Nigeria." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6727.
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There is so much hunger in the developing poor countries of the world that the extent of inequality calls for a re-examination of global resources distribution especially as it concerns global debt crisis. The debts and their servicing obligation worsen the condition of the poor. Their cancellation could grant some respite to these global poor. This is why the call for a total and unconditional cancellation of Third World debt becomes a moral imperative. This needs to be given a normative approach especially as most of the debts were said to have arisen from morally questionable contracts. The demand for their cancellation is therefore a demand for global justice viewed from the stand point of rectification and distribution.
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Lipschutz, Kari. "Oil dependence and access to environmental justice in Nigeria : the case of oil pollution." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2018. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/30326/.
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Nkadji, Njeukam Lionel. "La peine de mort au Nigeria : sociohistoire d'une politique publique sécuritaire, 1804-2011." Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0053.
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Ce travail vise à répondre à une question essentielle relative au pouvoir politique au Nigeria, à savoir : qui, dans ce pays, doit vivre et qui doit mourir, pourquoi et comment ? Cet enjeu essentiel de tout Etat moderne vise à réifier le droit de vie ou de mort que l'autorité publique s'arroge au nom de la survie du groupe social. La thèse part ainsi du postulat selon lequel la manière dont la peine de mort est employée au Nigeria remet en cause la conception wébéro-hobbesienne du pouvoir politique. Pour ce faire, notre analyse interroge différents facteurs (politiques, sociologiques et historiques) qui permettent de comprendre comment la peine de mort est devenue une véritable politique publique de lutte contre la grande criminalité au Nigeria, de par son utilisation extensive et intensiveThis work entends to respond to an essential question concerning political power in Nigeria which is: who, in that country, is allowed to live and who should die, why and how? This essential question which could be rasied in every modem state reify the right of life and death over citizens possessed by public authorities for the sake of the social group conservation. The main thesis states that the way death penalty has been used in Nigeria challenges the weberian-hobbesian conception of political power. In order to present this contest, our analysis questions different factors (political, sociological and historical) that help to understand how death penalty has become a real public policy to fight what is considered as heinous crimes in Nigeria, with an extensive and intensive use of it
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Nkume-Okorie, Ndubueze O. "La Réduction des inégalités et politiques éducatives : une analyse comparée de la mise en oeuvre du Principe du Caractère Fédéral au Nigeria." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40041/document.
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Pendant près d’un siècle, le problème récurant du Nigeria a été comment protéger et promouvoir les intérêts des communautés qui y sont représentées. Pour cela, plusieurs mécanismes ont été introduits. Cela inclut le Principe du Caractère Fédéral, qui constitue le fondement du système fédéral consociatif du Nigeria. Pourtant, son efficacité a constamment été remise en question par les inégalités régionales et les effets pervers qui découlent de son application. On constate les mêmes contraintes dans d’autres pays pratiquant d’autres variantes du traitement préférentiel. Malgré les différences culturelles, idéologiques ou institutionnelles, il semble que le renforcement de la politique éducative aux niveaux primaire et secondaire en faveur des bénéficiaires potentiels des politiques de traitement préférentiel soit la pièce maitresse pour assurer la réduction des inégalités horizontalesFor close to a century, the perennial problem that has bedeviled Nigeria has been how to ensure the protection and the promotion of the interests of its various communities. Successive governments have introduced several mechanisms to this end. They include the Federal Character Principle, which constitutes the bedrock of the Nigerian consociative federal arrangement. Nevertheless, persistent regional inequalities and the pervasive side effects of the various strategies have constantly cast a doubt on the efficacy the Federal Character Principle. A similar trend is visible in other countries that are practicing other versions of preferential treatment policies. It appears that to achieve a meaningful reduction of horizontal inequalities, irrespective of cultural, ideological or institutional settings, the most viable option remains sound educational policies at the primary and secondary school levels in favour of potential beneficiaries of preferential treatments
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Pratten, David Thomas. "From secret societies to vigilantes : identity, justice and development among the Annang of south-eastern Nigeria." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343962.
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Nwalozie, Joel Chijioke. "Armed robbery in Nigeria : a qualitative study of young male robbers." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/armed-robbery-in-nigeria--a-qualitative-study-of-young-male-robbers(db6af3c1-09e8-40a1-8600-b4cda8963dbc).html.
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This is a Nigerian study, which initially aimed to examine armed robbery culture and the youth subculture. With the employment of subcultural theory, the study became intellectually unviable in explaining the primary data. A replacement was made by seeking recourse to anomie-strain theory and control theory to explain the data. Presently, the main aim of this study is to examine the involvement of youths in armed robbery. Specifically, the study will look at armed robbery from the point of view of offenders and the factors responsible for their crime.Armed robbery is a type of robbery aided by weapon(s) to threaten, force and deprive a person or persons of the right to private, public or corporate belongings. Since the end of the Nigeria civil war (1967-1970), the offence has become a problem in the country, occurring almost on a daily basis in the urban areas more than the rural. Armed robbery can take place in residential homes, commercial places, motorways and any other place the offenders may deem necessary to operate. The current criminal climate has made it possible for armed robbers to engage in interstate criminal operations as well.Methodologically, the research is qualitative, involving semi-structured face-to-face oral interviews (open-ended) with 20 armed robbers in prison custody in Nigeria. There is also an unstructured interview with 4 members of the criminal justice system in Nigeria. The analytical framework employed is interpretive phenomenology, to capture the holistic worldview of the offender sample. Secondary data comes from both the Nigeria Police Force and the Nigeria Prison Service records.Findings are presented under four systematic themes: family circumstances, economic motivations, life course engagement, and situational dynamics in carrying out a robbery. Data reveal the four most significant factors in the hierarchy of response (bad friends, money, poverty and corruption) that may account for the involvement of youths in armed robbery. Since the group of “bad friends” is the main catalyst responsible for the involvement of youths in armed robbery, the thesis concludes that this sample of respondents be regarded as a network of criminals who were strained by the unjust social structure in their native Nigeria. Besides, there is need for a Nigerian criminological theoretical framework that offers an in-depth explanation of crime in the Nigerian society.
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Abubakar, Musa Usman. "Gender justice and Islamic laws of homicide and bodily hurt of Pakistan and Nigeria : a critical examination." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/53630/.
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The operationalization of Islamic criminal system by some Muslim jurisdictions in the post-colonial era raises many human rights questions. On the one hand, the system is perceived as inhuman, cruel and degrading, and on the other, as gender discriminatory and iniquitous. This thesis focuses on the second part of this critique. Discrimination on ground of gender in Muslim states has been one of the major human right issues that engage scholars in heated debates on whether or not gender justice exists under the Islamic criminal regime. In relation to the offences of homicide and bodily hurt, discriminatory principles are often justified on economic argument. Interestingly, these principles are characterised as divinely ordained, thus unchangeable to eternity. However, the interplay between the divine and the human elements in the development of the regime is mostly ignored and it is often difficult to ascertain from where such principles emanate. This thesis examines the classical theorization, the Sharīʿah-inspired penal codes of Pakistan and the 12 Northern states of Nigeria, as well as case law, with a view to ascertaining whether the so-called gender justice deficit is intrinsic to the divine or is mere human construction. The findings of the thesis reveal existence of an egalitarian tone in the divine. The divine however has left considerable room for human agency to employ construction that best suits its circumstances. This enabled the classical jurists to differ on many issues that raise gender concerns in the modern world. Biological determinism plays a significant role in the construction of the divine. What appears to influence the jurists include cross-contextual analogy by creating linkages between unrelated themes and infiltration of customary practices. The thesis posits that the problem of gender justice under the regime can best be addressed from within the system. This is possible when contemporary Islamic scholarship engages in thorough intellectual analysis of the classical fiqh literature. This is likely to appeal to Muslims in whose territories the law operates. The thesis therefore suggests participation of all stakeholders, including women, in criminal policy formulation. This would entail employing affirmative action measures that would guarantee participation of women in both legislative and judicial process.
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Hambali, Yahya Duro Uthman. "The treatment of crime victims in the English and Nigerian criminal justice systems : a comparative perspective of what lessons Nigeria can learn from the English experience." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.706681.
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Denial of voice, poor treatment, lack of remedy and total alienation of victims which characterise the present adversarial criminal justice system introduced to Nigeria by the British colonial administration mostly account for poor cooperation of victims with the Nigerian criminal justice apparatus. This consequently affects the degree of success the system records in its crime control agenda. Many of the criminal justice practitioners surveyed across two states of Nigeria in a qualitative research support the involvement of traditional institutions in the adjudication of simple criminal disputes to decongest courts of such cases and as well provide remedies for victims. Aside the fact that this is unsupported by the Nigerian jurisprudence, some of the practitioners are uncomfortable with the lack of a set standard of practice and procedure for the traditional adjudicating process which is the basis for the high level of inconsistencies and arbitrariness of its decisions. However, some people still defer to traditional institutions in Nigeria for adjudication of some criminal disputes notwithstanding the lack of a set standard. The victim, the offender as well as members of the community play significant role in the settlement of disputes. In view of the foregoing, the thesis draws some lessons from the victim reforms in England and Wales and some other advanced jurisdictions to construct a new model of criminal justice system for Nigeria where victims will have participatory rights as well as other rights which are enforceable internally of the system without eroding the existing rights of the offender. As well as this, the thesis draws from the outcome of a qualitative survey carried out in Nigeria, the Northern Ireland experience and the opinions of some restorative justice experts to construct a community restorative justice process that leverages on the existing socio-political structure of the traditional Nigerian societies with the necessary safeguards for the rights of all parties involved.
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Lateef, Ahmed. "Exploring the Factors Responsible for Occupational Stress Among Police Officers in Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6233.
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Over 90 percent of police officers in Nigeria are confronted with psychological illness and injuries as a result of occupational stress, which is compounded by a lack of attention to police officer welfare by government, insufficient annual leave, and poor salaries that contribute to poor performance. Using Karasek's demands on decision and control model as the foundation, the purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the impact of occupational stress on police officers in a metropolitan police agency in Nigeria. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 senior police officers who had at least 20 years experience in law enforcement in Nigeria. These data were inductively coded and subjected to thematic analysis that resulted in 8 themes. These themes included insufficient police personnel, limited environmental resources, family-work conflict, unclear work roles, inadequate counselling and training procedures, conflict from job demands, extended working hours, and inadequate salary level as factors contributing to occupational stress. The positive social change implications stemming from this study include recommendations to Nigerian police executives to improve awareness of how to effectively manage factors responsible for occupational stress among police officers to promote a balanced work-life experience, good health, and more professionalism in their duties of protecting life and property.
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Iroegbu, Adolphus Chinwe. ""Let justice roll down like waters" : an exegetical and pragmatic study of Amos' critique of social injustice and its cruciality in the contemporary Nigerian context /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016276038&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Owen, Oliver H. "The Nigeria police force : an institutional ethnography." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e824783a-8ba0-4d96-8519-0ee2b2090fc8.
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This thesis is an institutional ethnography of the Nigeria Police Force. It concentrates on evidence from 18 months of fieldwork in one particular police station, in the pseudonymised town of Dutsin Bature in central Nigeria, and draws comparative evidence from examples and locations elsewhere in Nigeria. The fieldwork evidence is also supported by analyses of public discourse, literature reviews, some formal interviews and historical research. The thesis aims to fill a gap in empirical scholarship by looking at policing in Nigeria primarily from the level of everyday practice, and deriving understandings of the ways the overall system works, rather than by taking normative structural approaches and basing suppositions of actual behaviour upon these. It also aims to document emic perspectives on policing in Nigeria, in contrast to most existing scholarship and public discourse which takes an external perspective, from which the voices and worldviews of police themselves are absent. The thesis situates this ethnography within three theoretical terrains. First, developing understandings of policing and public security in Africa, which have often neglected in-depth studies of formal police forces. Secondly, enlarging the ethnographic study of formal institutions in African states, to develop a closer understanding of what state systems are and how they function, beyond the overtly dysfunctionalist perspectives which have dominated recent scholarship. Thirdly, informing ongoing debates over state and society in Africa, problematising understandings which see these as separate entities instead of mutually constitutive, and drawing attention to the ways in which the two interpenetrate and together mould the public sphere. The thesis begins with a historical overview of the trajectory of formal policing in Nigeria, then examines public understandings and representations of policing, before moving inside the institutional boundaries, considering in turn the human composition of the police, training and character formation, the way police officers do their work in Dutsin Bature, Nigerian police officers’ preoccupation with risk and the systemic effects of their efforts to mitigate it, and finally officers’ subjective perspectives on their work, their lived realities, and on Nigeria in an era of transition. These build together to suggest some conclusions pertinent to the theoretical perspectives.
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Obiokoye, Iruoma Onyinye. "Eradicating delay in the administration of justice in African courts: a comparative analysis of South African and Nigerian courts." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/942.
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"A well functioning judiciary is a central element of civil society. It is the sole adjudicator over the political, social and economic spheres. Judiciaries in many African countries suffer from backlogs, delays and corruption. In countries such as Nigeria, South Africa, Ghana, Tanzania, and Uganda, speedy resolution of disputes is becoming increasingly elusive. Although many African countries have constitutional provisions against delay, and have identified congestion, excessive adjournments, local legal culture and corruption as some of the major causes of delay, nevertheless, the problem continues to be a feature in African Courts. In Nigeria, the average period to commence and complete litigation is six to ten years. In some instances, the litigation period is even longer. For example, in the case of Ariori v. Muraimo Elemo proceedings commenced in October 1960 and took 23 years to reach the Supreme Court of Nigeria. In South Africa, despite many programs and projects in place to solve the problem, delay in the administration of justice is still a problem. Appraising the extent of the problem, Penuell Maduna addressing the National Judges Symposium stated: “The public is perturbed by substantial backlogs in the criminal courts and in finalising prosecutions...” Mindful of the increase of this problem, especially in view of the consequences it poses, this study perceives a need to eradicate delay in the administration of justice. Thus, this study analyses the problem of delay in Nigerian and South African Courts with a view to ascertaining the nature, extent and causes of delay in the two countries, and suggests possible solutions to the problem. South Africa and Nigeria were chosen because they have similar judicial systems and experience delays in judicial proceedings." -- Chapter 1.Prepared under the supervision of Mr. Abraham J. Hamman, Faculty of Law, University of Western Cape, South Africa
Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2005.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Kagu, Abubakar Bukar. "Globalisation of plea bargaining and its emergence in Nigeria : a critical analysis of practice, problems, and priorities in criminal justice reform." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/66512/.
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Cascant, Sempere Maria-Josep. "Political action in a campaigning development NGO through a social movement lens : the case of Actionaid's tax justice campaign in Nigeria and the UK." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/66701/.
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Campaigning has become an important area of work for development NGOs (NGDOs). How political, in terms of public mobilising to confront authority, has it become? What frameworks can we best use to study this? Based on precedents such as della Porta and Diani's suggestion (2006) that social movement (SM) theory can be enlarged as a theory of collective action, I borrow six SM concepts – frames, repertoires, networks, mobilising structures, identity and political opportunities-threats. I then combine them with NGDO campaigning literature themes to explore those questions in a case study of ActionAid's Tax Justice Campaign (TJC) in Nigeria and the UK. ActionAid's TJC operates through two campaign formats – a single-issue format with one international claim and a multiple-issue format with claims specific to each level. Both formats exist in tension for campaign resources, yet combine to expose international and domestic causes of poverty in low-income countries. This example illustrates ActionAid's campaigning style: walking a tightrope to balance tensions and opportunities in its idea of ‘campaigning'. This style also includes embracing moderate and radical supporter views on poverty and a structure of sponsorship and service-delivery programmes with campaigning accompanying them. For example, financial supporters mobilise towards confronting authorities alongside direct campaigner recruitment. Other NGDOs share this, with other ActionAid campaign features, which together shapes an understanding towards the idea of NGDO political action. I suggest that my findings contribute to both NGDO campaigning and SM theory. To NGDO campaign actors, SM theory provides a new vocabulary to study NGDO campaigning, particularly little explored dimensions in NGDO campaign literature such as state/authority confrontation and political identity. To SM theory, my findings offer an empirical contribution which helps position campaigning NGDOs as another type of contentious actor. At a practice level, ActionAid's multiple-issue campaigning may help prevent local tokenism in international campaigns.
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Senu-Oke, Helen. "A Genealogy of Disability and Special Education in Nigeria: From the Pre-Colonial Era to the Present." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1322584482.
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Nkume-Okorie, Ndubueze. "La réduction des inégalités et politiques éducatives : une analyse comparée de la mise en oeuvre du principe du caractère fédéral au Nigeria." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00958134.
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Pendant près d'un siècle, le problème récurant du Nigeria a été comment protéger et promouvoir les intérêts des communautés qui y sont représentées. Pour cela, plusieurs mécanismes ont été introduits. Cela inclut le Principe du Caractère Fédéral, qui constitue le fondement du système fédéral consociatif du Nigeria. Pourtant, son efficacité a constamment été remise en question par les inégalités régionales et les effets pervers qui découlent de son application. On constate les mêmes contraintes dans d'autres pays pratiquant d'autres variantes du traitement préférentiel. Malgré les différences culturelles, idéologiques ou institutionnelles, il semble que le renforcement de la politique éducative aux niveaux primaire et secondaire en faveur des bénéficiaires potentiels des politiques de traitement préférentiel soit la pièce maitresse pour assurer la réduction des inégalités horizontales.
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Owona-Mfegue, Kourra-Félicité. "L'arrêt de la Cour Internationale de justice du 10 octobre 2002 relatif au différend frontalier Cameroun c. Nigéria : contribution à l'étude de l'exécution des décisions en matière territoriale." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100110.
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L’exécution des décisions juridictionnelles internationales soulève l’une des questions, sinon la question fondamentale qu’implique l’autorité des arrêts rendus par la plus haute instance juridictionnelle des Nations Unies : comment assurer de manière effective, en droit comme en fait, la mise en oeuvre de sentences dont l’autorité juridique est indéniable certes, mais évidemment assujettie à la (bonne) volonté des États ? D’ordinaire deux réponses semblent possibles : par l’exécution spontanée ou l’exécution forcée. Pourtant, l’expérience de la mise en œuvre de l’arrêt rendu le 10 octobre 2002 dans l’affaire de la Frontière terrestre et maritime entre le Cameroun et le Nigeria se démarque de ce schéma classique. Elle n’est ni spontanée, ni forcée mais provoquée. Devant le caractère dérisoire des sanctions possibles en cas d’inexécution, le réalisme diplomatique vient au secours de l’effectivité de la chose jugée. En effet, l’ONU (l’organe judiciaire principal et le Secrétaire général) met en place un dispositif de provocation de la négociation dans l’exécution du futur arrêt, pour n’avoir pas à intervenir sur le fondement de l’article 94 § 2 de la Charte. Dans cette hypothèse la plus sensible dans le domaine de l’exécution des arrêts de la CIJ : celle où la Cour attribue un territoire disputé à un État alors qu’un autre État l’occupe en fait, l’alchimie entre procédure juridictionnelle et procédure négociée s’avère efficace. L’exécution de l’arrêt revêt en outre une dimension originale supplémentaire grâce aux mécanismes sui generis tels que la Commission mixte Cameroun Nigeria et l’accord post-juridictionnel parrainé par l’ONU et les puissances tutrices. On ne peut avoir meilleure illustration de la contribution de l’Afrique à l’effectivité des décisions de la CIJ, comme au règlement pacifique des différends internationauxThe implementation of international judicial decisions raises one of the questions, if not the fundamental one related to the authority of the decisions rendered by the highest Court of the United Nations. In fact the question is How to ensure effectively, the implementation of sentences whose legal authority is undeniable, but certainly and obviously depending of the (good) will of the States, in law and in fact. Usually two answers seem possible: spontaneous implementation or enforcement. However the experience of the implementation of the Judgment in Land and Maritime Boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria disregard this classic pattern. This is a preventive and early implementation by the parties and third parties, and then a delayed but effective implementation. It led to a probably unique approach in the settlement of judicial disputes. Indeed it is the first time that the UN (i. e ICJ which is the main judicial organ and the Secretary General) without delay for the foreseeable implementation’s difficulties to get involved under Article 94 § 2 of the Charter establishes an early and preventive diplomatic system of implementation. In the view of the ridiculous nature of possible sanctions for non-compliance, the diplomatic realism came to the rescue of the effectiveness of the res judicata. In this most sensitive field in implementing the judgments of the ICJ, the hypothesis in which the Court assigns a disputed territory to a state while another state occupies it in fact and of the hostility of the local populations to the change of the sovereign de facto, the merge between judicial procedure and negotiated procedure is effective. The implementation of this judgment is also original because of its sui generis mechanisms in implementing the decision such as the United Nations Joint Commission or the post-jurisdictional Agreement sponsored by the UN and witnesses States. There is no better example of the African contribution to the effectiveness of the decisions of the ICJ, as far as the peaceful settlement of international disputes is concerned
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Rivron, Sarah. "La notion d'Indirect rule." Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT3020/document.
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L'administration coloniale a pris de nombreuses formes au fil des siècles, et l'Indirect rule est l'une des plus représentatives de la colonisation britannique. A ce titre, il convient de s'intéresser aux causes et aux conséquences de ce système de gouvernement, ainsi qu'aux spécificités qui y sont liées en pratique. Cette analyse portera donc essentiellement sur sa mise en application au Nigeria, ainsi que sa diffusion dans l'empire colonial britannique d'Afrique. Afin d'approfondir cette étude, l'Indirect rule sera également abordé d'un point de vue plus théorique, notamment concernant l'évolution de sa perception par les historiens du droit. De même, sa spécificité sera questionnée, notamment en la comparant à d'autres systèmes de gouvernement coloniaux européensColonial administration evolved a lot through centuries, and Indirect rule is one of the most representative of the British one. As such, it is interesting to look at the reasons and the issues of the particular system of government, as well as the particularities linked to Indirect rule in the facts. This analysis will be more specifically about how Indirect rule worked in Nigeria, as well as its diffusion through the British colonial empire in Africa. In order to complete the study, Indirect rule will also broached from a theoretical point of view, in particular regarding the evolution of how historians of law considered it. Moreover, its specificities will be observed, in particular by comparing indirect rule with other Europeans colonial governments
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Peter-Obot, Emmanuel. "Appeals in the military justice system a Nigerian case." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1987. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/2664.
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This research attempts to measure the relationship between time and region on appeals with both criminal and civil cases in Nigeria during the period 1956 to 1965. The four regions studied include Lagos, Midwest, East and West by A.B. Kasunmu. Methodologically, this study employed the Univariate Box Jenkins Model, better known as the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average, which is primarily a Univariate Time Series Analysis and the Analysis of Variance, which is the final statistical analysis used in this study. The major findings of this study were that: (a) the number of civil appeals permitted during the military regimes was significantly lower than those permitted during the civilian regimes; (b) the number of criminal appeals permitted during the military regimes was significantly lower than those permitted during the civilian regimes; (c) there were significant regional differences in the number of civil appeals permitted by the Supreme Court during the civilian and military regimes; and (d) there were significant regional differences in the number of criminal appeals permitted by the Supreme Court during the civilian and military regimes.
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Olayode, Adeniyi Olayemi. "Back to the past : the (re)integration of restorative justice into the Nigerian criminal justice system." Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11962/.
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Recently in Nigeria, calls have been made from stakeholders in the criminal justice system for change, with particular focus on reforms in the methods via which offenders are punished and rehabilitated. These calls have been made, mainly for two reasons. Firstly, the current sanctions in place, the most popular being the curtailment of the liberty of offenders via imprisonment, has failed to deter convicted and prospective offenders. This has contributed to high crime rates with recidivism recorded in high numbers. Secondly, the system fails to address the damages suffered by victims and the community at large. Therefore, there is a need to reform the current penal system so that it not only ensures that appropriate sanctions are issued, but also encourages participation by victims and the community in resolving issues arising from the crime. One possible avenue for reform that this thesis considers is a concept known as Restorative Justice (RJ). This is because of the perceived similarities between RJ and pre-colonial restorative practices in Nigeria. Before the arrival of the British colonialists in the 19th century, the main objective of the pre-colonial justice systems was to restore social safety with little or no recourse to the use of extreme punishments like imprisonment or the death penalty. This thesis examines the aforementioned pre-colonial justice systems as well as the circumstances that led to their substitution with the British colonial justice system, including the use of imprisonment as the primary method of punishment. It proceeds to analyse the RJ concept and establishes that it does share similar principles and history with its pre-colonial counterpart and can therefore act as a 21st century alternative. Based on these findings, this thesis argues for the integration of RJ into the Nigerian Criminal Justice system, including its penal system and concludes with recommendations for its implementation.
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Yusuf, Hakeem Olayinka. "Transitional justice, judicial accountability and the rule of law- a Nigerian case study." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/545/.
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This study investigates accountability of the judiciary for its role in authoritarianism as an integral part of accountability in transitions. It argues this is an important but relatively neglected aspect of transitional justice theory and state practice. The thesis of the research is that the judicial institution, as the third branch of government ought to be held accountable for its role in past governance in transitional societies. This is particularly important to obtain comprehensive accountability. It is also relevant to the crucial task of institutional transformation which is a key objective of transitional justice. The paucity of critical perspectives on the role of the judiciary during a society’s troubled period would appear to be because of the view that it lacks a distinct role in governance. This suggests that the judicial function was inconsequential or judicial outcomes were invariably imposed. In view of the acknowledged important role of the judiciary in both liberal and democratising polities all over the world, it is argued that the purview of transitional justice mechanisms should, as a matter of policy, be extended to scrutiny of the judicial role in the past. There is the need to publicly scrutinise the course of judicial governance in post-authoritarian societies as a cardinal measure of institutional transformation. Following on the recognition that the judiciary in post-authoritarian contexts will be faced with enormous challenges of dispute resolution, restoration of the rule of law, as well as a key role in policy determination and governance, its institutional transformation following a period of siege is critical to the survival of democracy and the rule of law. The mechanism of choice identified in this research for scrutiny of the judicial function in transitional societies is the truth commission. The research proposes extending the purview of truth-telling processes as a measure of public accountability to the judiciary in post-authoritarian contexts. The research adopts a comparative perspective but to contextualise the argument, it focuses specifically on judicial governance and accountability for the past in Nigeria’s transition to democracy after three decades of authoritarian rule.
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Edozie, Imoh Colins. "Capability, Social Justice and Education in the Niger Delta." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo156417168122371.
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Maduforo, Emmanuel Chukwudubem. "Achieving short term justice : the Niger Delta oil crisis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/achieving-short-term-justice-the-niger-delta-oil-crisis(34a46b13-222d-4257-9380-f96c90371941).html.
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Nigeria is currently the 10th largest oil producer in the world, accounting for about 2.2 million bpd in 2012, and it is the largest oil exporter in the African continent. Currently, the country’s oil resources generates at about $136 billion a year, accounting for more than 85 per cent of Nigeria’s revenue and approximately 90 per cent of her total exports. Given Nigeria’s substantial resources, it should be the jewel in the crown of Africa. But it is not. The country is struggling with abject poverty, political instability, social insecurity and underdevelopment. The huge revenue derived from oil have not improved the living conditions of the Nigerian people because it has not been optimally and wisely utilized. Communities in the Niger Delta whose land bears the oil have remained politically ostracised, economically disempowered, ecologically frustrated and infrastructurally underdeveloped. This is owing to rent mismanagement, profligate spending, kleptomania and the bad polices of successive Nigerian government. The excessive oil profits are being taken away by foreign oil companies. Apart from that the foreign oil companies collude with corrupt government officials to disobey environmental laws. This development has caused monumental environmental degradation. As a result of these prevailing circumstances, the Niger Delta region has resisted oil operations in their land by carrying out consistent protest, sectarian violence, and other forms of clandestine activities. For example, the militia groups have engaged in kidnapping of oil workers, destruction of oil installations, and extra-judicial killings. Hostilities from local communities have increased because oil exploration negotiations and bargaining process were unfavourable, unjust, lopsided and frustrating. In the light of these problems, the thesis argued that Nigeria’s oil resource is nothing but a curse and not a blessing. The situation has gone from bad to worse because too much emphasis has been placed on long term measures instead of short-term solutions. This is not more than scratching the surface while the substance of the problem is left untouched. The centrepiece of this thesis therefore is how the Nigeria government can approach the Niger Delta oil crisis in a short-term course. The thesis argued that short-term justice will help to provide the immediate needs of tens of millions of neglected and impoverished citizens of Niger Delta region in the meantime while the government continue to work on long-term solutions to her problems. However, l shall weave my argument around a method of justice as propounded by John Rawls to produce specific short-term solutions that will solve the problem of economic injustice, political marginalization, social conflicts, and revenue distribution imbroglio. In this regard, we are not going to be discussing how we can permanently solve all Nigerian’s problems or how we can leap from dysfunctional state to a functional state overnight. Our focus in this thesis is going to be on what we can do to make things better now even if there is still work to do before complete justice can be implemented. In attempting to develop solutions that will mitigate the Niger Delta oil crisis, l will apply John Rawls’s method of justice. Though many people have criticised Rawls’s theory as controversial, and inconsistent, this thesis is not going to join in the controversy or devote arguments to defend Rawls. I will assume that the Rawlsian method is at least plausible and a defensible way of developing specific principles of justice that will produce short-term solutions to the problem of distributive justice, impoverishment, and social conflicts. The idea will be to develop short-term measures that no member of the current conflicts can reasonably object.
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Mohammed, Ahmed Rufai. "The application of the principle of natural justice to disciplinary decisions : a study based on English and Nigerian law." Thesis, University of Reading, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357155.
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Obi, Pamela. "Organizational Policy Prohibiting Marriage Between Coworkers in the Nigerian Banking Sector." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5644.
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The Human Resources (HR) policy prohibiting marriage between coworkers contributes to employee attrition and an unhappy, demoralized, and unengaged workforce in commercial banks in Nigeria. Marriage between coworkers has resulted in forced resignations in commercial banks in Nigeria and employees' perception of being unfairly treated in their organizations. The purpose of this qualitative case study, based on the conceptual framework of organizational justice, was to explore how bank employees whose spouses resigned due to the HR policy prohibiting marriage between coworkers respond to this policy. Fifteen such employees participated in semistructured, one-on-one interviews, and 5 other employees participated in a focus group. Data were also collected from staff handbook, exit interview records, and staff attrition reports. Data were analyzed and triangulated to ensure trustworthiness of the findings. Study findings revealed that the HR policy prohibiting marriage between coworkers negatively affected employees' perception of being fairly treated, which consequently affected their morale, sense of commitment, and productivity. Results from this study may guide decision makers and leaders in the banking sector in Nigeria in formulating policies on marriage between coworkers that will not stimulate employee turnover, disloyalty, low morale, and low productivity. Increased productivity promotes wealth and reduced unemployment, which often results in positive social change. A continuous increase in productivity and profitability may lead to business expansion, which may also lead to more employment opportunities.
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Olutola, Adewale Adisa. "Crime prevention and the criminal justice systems of Nigeria and South Africa : a comparative perspective." Thesis, 2011. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000494.
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Thesis (DTech. degree in Policing)--Tshwane University of Technology, 2011.A qualitative research design, using the research technique of interviews with indirect observation, was adopted for this study. A total of twenty (20) crime prevention practitioners in the criminal justice structures of Nigeria and South Africa were interviewed for the purpose of data gathering. The interview questions were standardised but open-ended. The main findings are the following: At present, none of the criminal justice institutions in Nigeria and South Africa can prevent crime. Long term crime prevention is presently not possible in Nigeria and South Africa as the root causes of crime in the two countries lie outside the control of the criminal justice systems. The root causes of crime in the two countries were identified as being, among others, dysfunctional family settings, a history of violence, accessibility and availability of criminological commodities, real need and poverty, inequality among the population groups, greed on the part of those that have, and poor leadership. The main recommendation is as follows: The governments of Nigeria and South Africa need to focus their attention on the root causes of crime and not only on the criminal justice institutions.
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Iber, Simeon Tsetim. "A study of the principle of subsidiarity in Catholic social thought implications for social justice and civil society in Nigeria /." 2004. http://etd1.library.duq.edu/theses/available/etd-10222004-095320/.
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Efuntade, Olugbenga Adetokunbo. "Church and transformational development: the Seventh-day Adventist Church and its missiological orientation in democractic Nigeria." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26009.
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The Seventh-day Adventist Church in Nigeria is very particular in its missionary focus; it strives towards preparing people for the Second Advent of Christ through preaching its unique set of doctrines. The denomination as an organization and its people believe that this task must be done with a sense of urgency. To this end, apart from having a network of congregations and places of worship, it has set up schools (from primary to tertiary levels), medical care facilities and a relief agency, and it gets involved in various forms of community services. The Seventh-day Adventist Church is a world-wide Christian organization whose missionary orientation necessitated its establishment in Nigeria.
Nigeria, as a country, is a British colonial arrangement established through Lord Frederick Lugard’s amalgamation of different regions in 1914. The country has continued ever since to struggle with the issue of identity, political leadership and development. Although its people struggled and got independence on October 1, 1960, the different ethnic groups’ perception of the political leadership and resource control ever since is that of injustice and marginalization. This perception has led to many coup d’états and even a civil war. Bad leadership, corruption, maladministration, election rigging and other forms of immoral behaviours have continued to hamper the movement towards prosperity and peace.
In what appears to be a cycle of underdevelopment and political injustice has led to chronic bad governance, which has precipitated ethnic and religious violence. Such a series of events have consequentially neutralized all opportunities necessary for growth and development. Corruption and other unethical practices are the bane of development and prosperity. This is the milieu in which the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Nigeria carries out its missionary activities. Incidentally, the denomination’s first missionary, Elder David C. Babcock, arrived in Nigeria the same year as the country’s amalgamation (1914). The Seventh-day Adventist Church has therefore continued to grow within the context of Nigeria’s socio-economic and political turmoil.
The issue of development and national prosperity has always been central to successive administrations in Nigeria. To this end, various developmental policies were put in place. This thesis examines these policies and reflects on the levels of their successes and failures. Most of the time, the nagging issues of corruption and lack of discipline are seen to have constituted major obstacles toward achieving their set objectives. This study therefore proposes a different outlook and approach to the issue of national development. Its thesis is that the traditional micro-economic approach, which measures national development only by indices such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), per capita income and other physical indicators, would always leave the developmental aspirations frustrated, if not unmet. This study therefore proceeds to propose the transformational development approach, which underscores the critical roles that faith-based organizations (FBOs) need to play to support sustainable development.
This thesis challenges the Seventh-day Adventist Church in Nigeria to see itself as a critical agency for transformational development of the country. This should be a major part of its missionary activities. This study examined literatures that have demonstrated how theological discourse can be redirected toward broader social concerns, such as transforming a community. Furthermore, an empirical exploration of the Seventh-day Adventist community that formed part of the study showed that its members are focused and consistent in their understanding of the denomination’s task of preparing the world for the Second Advent. But these SDA members also want the denomination to be more socially engaged. They want their church to make more comments on issues of development and governance.
This thesis concludes that the Seventh-day Adventist Church could use its influence to promote good governance, advocacy and social justice. It urges the denomination to expand the applications of its unique doctrines to include pragmatic transformational development concerns. Accordingly it is argued that the Seventh-day Adventist Church could collaborate with other denominations and religions, solely for the purpose of transformational development and without compromising its own beliefs. Hence, it is postulated that this church would still be loyal and true to its mission by recognizing that making a structural difference in the lives of Nigerians is an authentic and integral part of the restoration of the image of God (imago Dei) in people.Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology
D. Th. (Missiology with specialization in Urban Ministry)
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Ezekiel, Lesmor Gibson. "A conceptual exploration of the missional journey of Tarayyar Ekklisiyoyyin Kristi A Nigeria (TEKAN) as an ecumenical instrument for justice and peace in the community of Jos." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8695.
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The research work has engaged in a critical missional reflection on the effectiveness of Tarayyar Ekklesiyoyin Kristi A Nigeria (TEKAN) as an ecumenical instrument for justice and peace in Jos, a central area in Northern Nigeria that has been bedevilled with violent conflicts commonly associated with religio-cultural and socio-political factors. The scope of this study is limited to a conceptual exploration of the issues. In the critique of TEKAN, an inherent contradiction is identified within its identity, vocation and witness. The theoretical framework that guided this study embraced an interdisciplinary approach on issues about God’s mission (Missio Dei) through the Church (Missio Ecclesia) that propels Ecumenical engagement (Oikoumene) and leads to the quest of Justice and Peace (Dikaiosune & Shalom) for all humanity.
The ecumenical witness of TEKAN within the environment of Jos calls into question its effectives as a tool of transformation in a multi-political and religious environment plagued by violence. The data gathered by various commissions of inquiry into the crises of Jos seems to suggest that a study approach to problems of justice and peace will not resolve the deeply entrenched problems. Therefore, the ultimate test of whether TEKAN will develop into an effective missional and ecumenical instrument for justice and peace in Jos will be dependent on taking radical steps that embrace a genuine mission audit of its identity, vocation and witness that will empower the organization to meet the deep challenges of the people of Jos and their quest for authentic human development built on justice and peace.Thesis (M.Th.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2011.
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Montesh, Moses. "A critical analysis of crime investigative system within the South African criminal justice system: a comparative study." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1272.
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With the establishment of the Directorate of Special Operations (Scorpions), the Asset Forfeiture Unit (AFU), the Special Investigating Unit (SIU) and the Departmental Investigating Unit (DIU), questions were asked as to whether this is a creation of new units of the Police Service. These questions were exaggerated by the fact that the media uses the term "Scorpions" whenever the Scorpions, the AFU, SIU and the DIU perform their functions.
South African legislation that governs organised crime does not demarcate activities to be dealt with by the SAPS, AFU, DIU, Scorpions and the SIU. The Constitution of South Africa lays down the objects of the police, but it is silent about the objectives of the Scorpions, AFU, SIU, DIU and other investigative institutions except that it only mentions the creation of a single National Prosecuting Authority (NPA).
A literature study was used as the basis for this study. In addition, unstructured interviews and observation were used to gather evidence from the relevant stakeholders. An analysis of the SAPS Detective Service, the Special Investigating Unit (SIU), the Scorpions, the Departmental Investigating Unit (DIU) of the Department of Correctional Services and the Asset Forfeiture Unit (AFU), was done in order to establish the overlapping of functions.
Indeed, overlapping was discovered between the Scorpions and the SAPS Detective Service, the AFU and the SIU, as well as between the SAPS and the DIU. In order to make a proper finding, an analysis was done of anti-corruption agencies in Botswana, Nigeria, Malawi and Hong Kong. The findings indicate that the better way of fighting corruption, fraud, economic and financial crimes, is through the establishment of a single agency that will work independently from the police, with a proper jurisdiction.Criminology
D.Litt. et Phil.(Police Science)
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Ekeke, Alex Cyril. "Access to justice and locus standi before Nigerian courts." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43108.
Full textAbstract:
Locus standi is a Latin word for standing. Traditionally, it implies that a litigant must have
sufficient interest to apply to the court for the enforcement of the right of another person,
challenge the actions of the government, have a court declare a law unconstitutional or even to
litigate in the interest of the public otherwise the application will not be successful.
The interpretation of locus standi before the courts in most common law jurisdictions is liberal.
Nigerian courts, however, interpret the principle of locus standi strictly, in the sense that standing
is accorded the person who shows cause of action or sufficient interest. This position denies
access to justice to many Nigerians who are poor or have no knowledge of their rights as the
courts position on standing prevents NGOs or other individuals from applying to the courts on
their behalf or litigating in the interest of the public.
Presently, the Fundamental Rights (Enforcement Procedure) Rules 2009 regulate the practice and
procedure for the enforcement of human rights before Nigerian courts. The Rules encourage the
courts to ‗welcome public interest litigation in the human rights field‘ and not to dismiss or strike
out human right cases for want of locus standi. However, it is doubtful if the courts will accept
this invitation.
This study looks at the context of the interpretation of the principle of locus standi by Nigerian
Courts and its effect on access to justice and public interest litigation by NGOs and individuals.
It also examines the impact of the provision for locus standi of the Fundamental Rights
(Enforcement Procedure) Rules 2009.
Finally, this study provides an analysis of the interpretation of this concept in other common law
jurisdictions such as Kenya, India, United Kingdom and South Africa who once interpreted the
concept strictly but now interpret it more liberally. This comparison is necessary to show that
Nigerian courts are isolated in their position in the interpretation of locus standi and that there is
need for the courts to conform to international best practice.Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2014
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
Unrestricted
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Fadeyi, Ifeloluwa. "Restorative justice: a means to reduce imprisonment, instigate and implement rehabilitation and reintegration.(a comparative study of canadian and nigerian criminal justice system)." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31910.
Full textAbstract:
Some legal practitioners may disagree with the idea of a restorative criminal justice system as a better solution than retributive one. Can a criminal justice system provide justice for all while concurrently reducing the use of imprisonment? Is it possible to keep the community safe, punish and correct offenders, and reduce crime rate while reducing the use of imprisonment as deterrence?
The criminal justice system is in place to do justice to victims, the state and the offender. Justice is not just for the state and the victim with exclusion of the offender. If it were so there would be no need for re-integration.
Canada has a growing restorative justice system; this system brings to light the possibility of implementation of restorative element in an existing retributive system to produce a workable hybrid. This thesis seeks to explore these possibilities. Although this does not imply that the Canadian criminal justice system is perfect, quite the contrary it is a work in progress. However, this is an attribute that Nigeria and many other common law countries can learn from and emulate. This paper explains how.February 2017
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Oriola, Temitope Babatunde. "New cultures, new laws : perceptions of Nigerians in Winnipeg about Canadian laws and criminal justice system." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/8031.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines perceptions of a select sample of Nigerians in Winnipeg about Canadian laws and criminal justice system. The study is guided by a theoretical framework drawn from postcolonial theory and legal pluralism. Its methodology combines the qualitative richness of in-depth interviews and quantitative measures engendered by a combination of closed-ended and open-ended survey questions. One fundamental finding of the study is that totalizing, generalizing or homogenizing the experience of "Blacks" and "Blackness" is not only theoretically misleading, but also ontologically barren. The results indicate mixed perceptions about the justice system and a tendency to relate questions on agents of the criminal justice system with issues of employment and previous experiences in other spheres of daily life. Unofficial forms of ordering among subjects are uncovered as well as a strong indication of occupying an "interstitial" or "in-between" space (Bhabha, 1994). The study offers recommendations for policy makers and future research.
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Onyegbula, Sonny Chinyere. "The efficacy of the Nigerian human rights violation investigation commission (Oputa Commission) in the process of transitional justice (1966–1999)." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27080.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the efficacy of the Human Rights Violation Investigation
Commission (Oputa Commission) in the Process of Transitional Justice (1966-
1999) is to explore the range of political and human rights problems that
confronted Nigeria from colonial times, exacerbated by military incursion into
governance in 1966. As the colonial period laid the foundation for ethnic and
religious politics, the period of military rule brought moral, physical and
institutional decay to Nigeria.
The motivations of these military rulers were not driven by service to the
country but personal gratification and accumulation of wealth. Corruption
assumed pandemic proportions. Military leaders not only looted the coffers of the
state but, like other dictators, their actions were above the law. They hounded,
terrorised and jailed journalists, academics, human rights activists and all those
who disagreed with them or their policies.
Attempts to deal with these various problems of governance, which
resulted in cases of gross violation of human rights, led to the Human Rights
Violation Investigation Commission (the Oputa Commission) being established
with a broad mandate to investigate past abuse and reconcile the peoples of
Nigeria, so that harmony could be restored.
The Oputa Commission, through its work, traversed the country and
brought to light gory tales of past abuse in such a way that no one could deny they
ever happened. The submissions received by the Commission revealed that all
ethnic clusters or regional groups in Nigeria felt marginalised and cheated in
federation. This general feeling of anger made the Commission’s work towards the
restoration of harmony in the country even more urgent and important.
The thesis will review Nigeria’s role to assess whether the country during
the period under review complied with its international human rights obligations.
The thesis finally discusses the lessons from the Oputa Commission as a
transitional justice mechanism for Nigerians, and perhaps other nations emerging
from war and/or human rights violations. This is important, considering the
challenges of unity and national development of the Nigerian State. A comparative analysis of other countries with a history of authoritarianism and human rights
violations will be made to evaluate whether the Oputa Commission achieved its
mandate.Public, Constitutional, and International Law