Academic literature on the topic 'Juvenile Encyclopedia'

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Journal articles on the topic "Juvenile Encyclopedia"

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Whitfield, Rachael. "Encyclopedia of Juvenile Violence2008210Edited by Laura L. Finley. Encyclopedia of Juvenile Violence. Westport, CT and London: Greenwood Press 2007. xxiii + 336 pp., ISBN: 978 0 313 33682 9 £51.95/$85." Reference Reviews 22, no. 5 (2008): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09504120810885153.

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Qiu, Cheng-Cheng, Qi-Sheng Su, Shang-Yong Zhu, and Ruo-Chuan Liu. "Identification of Potential Biomarkers and Biological Pathways in Juvenile Dermatomyositis Based on miRNA-mRNA Network." BioMed Research International 2019 (December 7, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7814287.

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Objective. The aim of this study is to explore the potential pathogenesis of juvenile dermatomyositis by bioinformatics analysis of gene chips, which would screen the hub genes, identify potential biomarkers, and reveal the development mechanism of juvenile dermatomyositis. Material and Methods. We retrieved juvenile dermatomyositis’s original expression microarray data of message RNAs (mRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) from NCBI’s Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/); through the R package of limma in Bioconductor, we can screen the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs, and then we further analyzed the predicted target genes by the methods such as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and miRNA-mRNA regulatory network construction and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using Cytoscape 3.6.1. Results. Compared with normal juvenile skin tissues, 6 upregulated microRNAs and 5 downregulated microRNAs were identified from 166 downregulated microRNAs and 58 upregulated microRNAs in juvenile dermatomyositis tissues. The enrichment pathways of differentially expressed microRNAs include cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), autoimmune thyroid disease, Type I diabetes mellitus, antigen and presentation, viral myocardium, graft-versus-host disease, and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus infection. By screening of microRNA-messenger RNA regulatory network and construction of PPI network map, three target miRNAs were identified, namely, miR-193b, miR-199b-5p, and miR-665. Conclusion. We identified mir-193b, mir-199b-5p, and mir-6653 target miRNAs by exploring the miRNA-mRNA regulation network mechanism related to the pathogenesis of juvenile dermatomyositis, which will be of great significance for further study on the pathogenesis and targeted therapy of juvenile dermatomyositis.
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Duckett, Bob. "Encyclopedia of Juvenile Justice2003438Edited by Marilyn D. McShane and Frank P. Williams. Encyclopedia of Juvenile Justice. Thousand Oaks, CA and London: Sage 2003. xxiii+416 pp., ISBN: 0 7619 2358 6 £77/$125 Sage Reference Publication." Reference Reviews 17, no. 8 (2003): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09504120310503782.

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Du, He, Reina L. Tong, Xueyi Huang, Bingrong Liu, Runmei Huang, and Zhiqiang Li. "Methoprene-Induced Genes in Workers of Formosan Subterranean Termites (Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki)." Insects 11, no. 2 (2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11020071.

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Termites have a distinct polyphenism controlled by concise hormonal and molecular mechanisms. Workers undergo double molts to transform into soldiers (worker–presoldier–soldier). Juvenile hormone analogs, such as methoprene, can induce workers to transform into presoldiers. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the worker-to-presoldier transformation in Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki is still not clear. We sequenced the transcriptome of workers four days after they had fed on methoprene-treated filter paper and control group workers, which fed on acetone-treated filter paper. The transcriptome of C. formosanus was assembled using the de novo assembly method. Expression levels of unigenes in the methoprene-treated group and the control group were compared. The differentially expressed genes were further analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. Tetrapyrrole binding, oxidoreductase activity, and metal ion binding were the only three enriched GO terms. Juvenile hormone synthesis was the first ranked enriched pathway. Carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism pathways were also enriched. These three pathways may be related to fat body development, which is critical for presoldier formation. Our results have demonstrated the significance of JH synthesis pathways, and pathways related to fat body development in the artificial induction of presoldiers.
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Panteli, Nikolas, Maria Mastoraki, Maria Lazarina, et al. "Configuration of Gut Microbiota Structure and Potential Functionality in Two Teleosts under the Influence of Dietary Insect Meals." Microorganisms 9, no. 4 (2021): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040699.

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Insect meals are considered promising, eco-friendly, alternative ingredients for aquafeed. Considering the dietary influence on establishment of functioning gut microbiota, the effect of the insect meal diets on the microbial ecology should be addressed. The present study assessed diet- and species-specific shifts in gut resident bacterial communities of juvenile reared Dicentrarchus labrax and Sparus aurata in response to three experimental diets with insect meals from three insects (Hermetia illucens, Tenebrio molitor, Musca domestica), using high-throughput Illumina sequencing of the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The dominant phyla were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria in all dietary treatments. Anaerococcus sp., Cutibacterium sp. and Pseudomonas sp. in D. labrax, and Staphylococcus sp., Hafnia sp. and Aeromonas sp. in S. aurata were the most enriched shared species, following insect-meal inclusion. Network analysis of the dietary treatments highlighted diet-induced changes in the microbial community assemblies and revealed unique and shared microbe-to-microbe interactions. PICRUSt-predicted Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were significantly differentiated, including genes associated with metabolic pathways. The present findings strengthen the importance of diet in microbiota configuration and underline that different insects as fish feed ingredients elicit species-specific differential responses of structural and functional dynamics in gut microbial communities.
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Zhou, Mi, Ruru Guo, Yong-Fei Wang, Wanling Yang, Rongxiu Li, and Liangjing Lu. "Application of Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis to Identify Key Modules and Hub Genes in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis." BioMed Research International 2021 (August 13, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9957569.

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Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) is a severe autoinflammatory disorder with a still not clearly defined molecular mechanism. To better understand the disease, we used scattered datasets from public domains and performed a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify key modules and hub genes underlying sJIA pathogenesis. Two gene expression datasets, GSE7753 and GSE13501, were used to construct the WGCNA. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were applied to the genes and hub genes in the sJIA modules. Cytoscape was used to screen and visualize the hub genes. We further compared the hub genes with the genome-wide association study (GWAS) genes and used a consensus WGCNA to verify that our conclusions were conservative and reproducible across multiple independent datasets. A total of 5,414 genes were obtained for WGCNA, from which highly correlated genes were divided into 17 modules. The red module demonstrated the highest correlation with the sJIA module ( r = 0.8 , p = 3 e − 29 ), whereas the green-yellow module was found to be closely related to the non-sJIA module ( r = 0.62 , p = 1 e − 14 ). Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that the red module was mostly enriched in the activation of immune responses, infection, nucleosomes, and erythrocytes, and the green-yellow module was mostly enriched in immune responses and inflammation. Additionally, the hub genes in the red module were highly enriched in erythrocyte differentiation, including ALAS2, AHSP, TRIM10, TRIM58, and KLF1. The hub genes from the green-yellow module were mainly associated with immune responses, as exemplified by the genes KLRB1, KLRF1, CD160, and KIRs. We identified sJIA-related modules and several hub genes that might be associated with the development of sJIA. Particularly, the modules may help understand the mechanisms of sJIA, and the hub genes may become biomarkers and therapeutic targets of sJIA in the future.
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Cao, G. L., T. Feng, M. X. Chu, et al. "Subtraction suppressive hybridisation analysis of differentially expressed genes associated with puberty in the goat hypothalamus." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 28, no. 11 (2016): 1781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd14434.

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The cost of developing replacement nanny goats could be reduced by decreasing the age at puberty because this way nanny goats could be brought into production at an earlier age. The aim of the present study was to screen genes related to puberty to investigate the molecular mechanisms of puberty. Subtracted cDNA libraries were constructed for hypothalami from juvenile (Group A), pubertal (Group B) and age-matched control pubertal (Group E) Jining grey (JG) and Liaoning cashmere (LC) goats using suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH). Differentially expressed genes were analysed by bioinformatics methods. There were 203 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in the subtracted cDNA libraries that were differentially expressed between JG and LC goats at the juvenile stage, 226 that were differentially expressed at puberty and 183 that were differentially expressed in the age-matched control group. The differentially expressed ESTs in each subtracted cDNA library were classified as known gene, known EST and unknown EST according to sequence homology in the GenBank non-redundant (NR) and EST database. According to gene function analysis in the COG (Cluster of Orthologous Groups) database, the known genes were grouped into 10 subdivisions in Group A, into seven subdivisions in Group E and into nine subdivisions in Group B under three categories: cellular processes and signalling, information storage and processing, and metabolism. Pathway analysis in the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway database of known genes revealed that the three pathways that most differentially expressed genes were involved in were metabolic pathways, Parkinson’s disease and oxidative phosphorylation. Protein interaction analysis of the high homology genes revealed the most dominant network to be structure of ribosome/protein translation, oxidative phosphorylation and carbohydrate metabolism. The results reveal that the onset of puberty is a complex event involving multiple genes in multiple biological processes. The differentially expressed genes include genes related to both neuroendocrine and energy metabolism.
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Li, Peirong, Xinru Li, Wei Wang, Xiaoling Tan, Xiaoqi Wang, and Xueqing Yang. "Transcriptional identification of differentially expressed genes during the prepupal–pupal transition in the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 111, no. 4 (2021): 485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485321000171.

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AbstractThe oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker) is a serious pest of agriculture that does particular damage to Gramineae crops in Asia, Europe, and Oceania. Metamorphosis is a key developmental stage in insects, although the genes underlying the metamorphic transition in M. separata remain largely unknown. Here, we sequenced the transcriptomes of five stages; mature larvae (ML), wandering (W), and pupation (1, 5, and 10 days after pupation, designated P1, P5, and P10) to identify transition-associated genes. Four libraries were generated, with 22,884, 23,534, 26,643, and 33,238 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the ML-vs-W, W-vs-P1, P1-vs-P5, and P5-vs-P10, respectively. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of DEGs showed that genes regulating the biosynthesis of the membrane and integral components of the membrane, which includes the cuticular protein (CP), 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), and juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis, were enriched. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that DEGs were enriched in the metabolic pathways. Of these DEGs, thirty CP, seventeen 20E, and seven JH genes were differentially expressed across the developmental stages. For transcriptome validation, ten CP, 20E, and JH-related genes were selected and verified by real-time PCR quantitative. Collectively, our results provided a basis for further studies of the molecular mechanism of metamorphosis in M. separata.
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Yao, Qiong, Yizhi Dong, Jing Chen, Linfa Quan, Wenqing Zhang, and Bingxu Chen. "Transcriptome Analysis of Female and Male Conopomorpha sinensis (Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae) Adults With a Focus on Hormone and Reproduction." Journal of Economic Entomology 112, no. 6 (2019): 2966–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz225.

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Abstract Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley is the dominant borer pest of litchi and longan in the Asian-pacific area. Reduction or interference of reproduction and mating of adult moths is one of the most used strategies to control C. sinensis. Insect reproduction is a critical biological process closely related to endocrine control. Conopomorpha sinensis genome and transcriptome information is limited, hampering both our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying hormone activity and reproduction and the development of control strategies for this borer pest. To explore the sex differences in gene expression profiles influencing these biological processes, de novo transcriptomes were assembled from female and male adult C. sinensis specimens. This analysis yielded 184,422 unigenes with an average length of 903 bp and 405,961 transcripts after sequencing and assembly. About 45.06, 22.41, 19.53, 34.05, 35.82, 36.42, and 19.85% of the unigenes had significant matches in seven public databases. Subsequently, gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed comprehensive information about the function of each gene and identified enriched categories and pathways that were associated with the 2,890 female-biased genes and 2,964 male-biased genes. In addition, we identified some important unigenes related to hormone activity and reproduction among the sex-differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including unigenes coding for ecdysone-induced protein 78C, juvenile hormone (JH)-regulated gene fatty acyl-CoA reductase, vitellogenin, etc. Our findings provide a more comprehensive portrait of the sex differences involved in the relationship of two important physiological features—hormone activity and reproduction in C. sinensis and members of the family Gracillariidae.
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Zhou, Aiguo, Shaolin Xie, Di Sun, et al. "A First Insight into the Structural and Functional Comparison of Environmental Microbiota in Freshwater Turtle Chinemys reevesii at Different Growth Stages under Pond and Greenhouse Cultivation." Microorganisms 8, no. 9 (2020): 1277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091277.

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The microbial community structure of water is an important indicator for evaluating the water quality of the aquaculture environment. In this study, the investigation and comparison of the bacterial communities of pond cultivation (PC) and greenhouse cultivation (GC) between hatchling, juvenile, and adult growth stages of C. reevesii were performed. In addition, the V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced. The Chao1 richness estimator of the PC group was significantly higher than that of the GC group. The beta diversity showed that the microbiotas of the two groups were isolated from each other. The dominant phyla were Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Planctomycetes in the PC group and Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Actinobacteria in the GC group. Both the numbers and the types of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotations differed between the PC and GC groups. The prediction of bacterial phenotype implied that the GC environment is more likely to deteriorate, and turtles are more susceptible to pathogens than those of the PC environment. In addition, a total of nine potential pathogenic bacteria were identified and the correlation of environmental factors analyses showed significant differences of bacterial species between the PC and GC groups, while the potential pathogenic bacteria showed significant correlation with the stocking density, temperature, pH, orthophosphate (PO4-P), and dissolved oxygen (DO) in both the PC and GC groups. Noticeably, this is the first report to describe the different microbiota characteristics of the different cultivation environments in the different growth stages of C. reevesii, which will provide valuable data for water quality adjustment, disease prevention, and the healthy breeding of turtles.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Juvenile Encyclopedia"

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Teixeira, Juliana Martins. "As enciclopédias infanto-juvenis: contributos para a promoção do livro e da leitura." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/62741.

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Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico<br>Desenvolvido no âmbito da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, o presente relatório apresenta o trabalho concretizado em contexto de Educação Pré-escolar e no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, perspetivando o desenvolvimento de competências ao nível do entendimento e da utilização dos textos informativos. No quadro desta tipologia textual, optou-se por centrar a intervenção na abordagem ao género textual das enciclopédias para a infância e a juventude, com especial incidência empírica no pré-escolar. A constatação de um acervo significativo de referenciais teóricos, referindo as vantagens de se proporem atividades pedagógicas a pré-leitores e leitores iniciais com base nestes textos, esteve, em certa medida, na origem da escolha do tema. Em ambos os cenários educativos, foi possível identificar dificuldades no reconhecimento das funcionalidades, bem como dos aspetos caraterísticos dos livros informativos, em particular, das enciclopédias, que permitem diferenciálos dos demais géneros textuais. Deste modo, ainda que restritas, foram realizadas no 1º Ciclo algumas atividades, no sentido de explorar, explicitamente, a estrutura das enciclopédias e o modo como podem e/ou devem ser utilizadas pelo leitor. No jardim-de-infância, o aparente desinteresse das crianças pela área da leitura ditou que, para além de um conjunto de atividades em torno dos livros informativos, a ação envolvesse, igualmente, a exploração de textos literários. A metodologia utilizada na recolha de dados teve em conta os instrumentos e os princípios da Investigação-Ação.<br>Developed within the scope of Supervised Teaching Practice, this study presents the work developed in the context of Preschool Education and in the 1st Cycle of Basic Education, aiming at the development of skills in understanding and using informative texts. In the context of this text typology, we have chosen to focus the intervention on addressing the text genre of encyclopedias for childhood and youth, with special empirical focus on pre-schoolers. The finding of a significant collection of theoretical references, referring to the advantages of proposing pedagogical activities to pre-readers and initial readers based on these texts, led to the choice of the theme. In both educational scenarios, it was possible to identify difficulties in the recognition of the functionalities as well as the characteristic aspects of informative books, in particular, encyclopedias, which allows them to be distinguished from other text genres. Thus, although restricted, some activities were performed in the 1st Cycle, in order to explicitly explore the structure of encyclopedias and how they can and / or should be used by the reader. In kindergarten, children's apparent disinterest in reading dictated that, in addition to a set of activities around informational books, action would also involve the exploration of literary texts. The methodology used for data collection took into account the instruments and principles of Action Research.
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Books on the topic "Juvenile Encyclopedia"

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name, No. Encyclopedia of juvenile justice. Sage Publications, 2003.

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Nigel, Henbest, ed. Space encyclopedia. Dorling Kindersley, 1999.

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Space encyclopedia. Dorling Kindersley, 2010.

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Children's animal encyclopedia. 2nd ed. Sandy Creek, 2011.

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Garden encyclopedia. A C Black, 2009.

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Josey, Baker, Lawrence Hall of Science, and University of California, Berkeley. School of Education, eds. Weather encyclopedia. Delta Education, 2010.

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Bellamy, Rufus. Backyard encyclopedia. Crabtree Pub. Co., 2011.

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Bellamy, Rufus. Backyard encyclopedia. Crabtree Pub. Co., 2011.

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Ben, Morgan, ed. Nature encyclopedia. Dorling Kindersley, 2008.

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Caroline, Bingham. First Space Encyclopedia. Dk Pub., 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Juvenile Encyclopedia"

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Potter, Daniel A., David W. Held, Felix P. Amerasinghe, et al. "Juvenile." In Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_1666.

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Lane, Jodi. "Juvenile Probation." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1695-2_160.

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Schwenn, Oliver. "Juvenile Glaucoma." In Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35951-4_296-3.

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Schwenn, Oliver. "Juvenile Glaucoma." In Encyclopedia of Ophthalmology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69000-9_296.

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Lane, Jodi. "Juvenile Probation." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33228-4_160.

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Potter, Daniel A., David W. Held, Felix P. Amerasinghe, et al. "Juvenile Hormone." In Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_1667.

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Jacobs, Karen, Miranda Hellman, Jacqueline Markowitz, et al. "Juvenile Diabetes." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_100950.

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Huang, Zachary Y. "Juvenile Hormone." In Encyclopedia of Social Insects. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90306-4_68-1.

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Lanni, Stefano, and Angelo Ravelli. "Juvenile Dermatomyositis." In Encyclopedia of Medical Immunology. Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-84828-0_366.

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Huang, Zachary Y. "Juvenile Hormone." In Encyclopedia of Social Insects. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28102-1_68.

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