To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: JUVENILE FICTION / Animals / Dogs.
Journal articles on the topic 'JUVENILE FICTION / Animals / Dogs'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'JUVENILE FICTION / Animals / Dogs.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Callard, Jason, Mary A. McLoughlin, Julie K. Byron, and Dennis J. Chew. "Urinary Incontinence in Juvenile Female Soft-Coated Wheaten Terriers: Hospital Prevalence and Anatomic Urogenital Anomalies." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 52, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-6220.
Full textAbstract:
Urinary incontinence in juvenile female dogs is often associated with urogenital anatomic anomalies. Study objectives include: (1) determine hospital prevalence of urinary incontinence in juvenile female soft-coated wheaten terriers (SCWTs) compared to other affected dogs; (2) characterize anatomic anomalies affecting urinary incontinent juvenile female SCWTs utilizing uroendoscopy; and (3) compare incidence of ectopic ureters, paramesonephric remnants, and short urethras in juvenile female urinary incontinent SCWTs to other juvenile female dogs with urinary incontinence. We hypothesize juvenile SCWTs have an increased prevalence of urinary incontinence and an increased incidence of ectopic ureters, paramesonephric remnants, and short urethras compared to non-SCWTs with urinary incontinence within our hospital population. Medical records of female dogs 6 mo of age and younger with clinical signs of urinary incontinence and video uroendoscopic evaluation presenting to The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center from January 2000 to December 2011 were reviewed. Twelve juvenile SCWTs and 107 juvenile non-SCWTs met the inclusion criteria. Juvenile SCWTs were found to have an increased hospital prevalence of urinary incontinence compared to other affected breeds. Observed anomalies in SCWTs include: ectopic ureters, shortened urethras, paramesonephric remnants, and bifid vaginas. This information will help guide veterinarians in recognizing a breed-related disorder of the lower urogenital tract in SCWTs.
2
Nagasawa, Miho, Satomi Kuramochi, Azumi Hamamoto, Toshitaka Yamakawa, and Takefumi Kikusui. "A Pilot Study of the Effects of Human Intervention on Canine Group Movement Behavior." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 33, no. 3 (June 20, 2021): 572–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2021.p0572.
Full textAbstract:
Dogs are the oldest domesticated animals. The process of domestication of dogs is still unclear; however, they have established themselves as human partners and are sometimes more cooperative with humans than their conspecifics. In this study, to determine the effect of affiliative human presence on group behavior in dogs, we conducted short-time trials analyzing dog group movements. There was a hierarchical relationship in which juvenile dogs were aware of adult dogs, and adult dogs were aware of human movements. We also found that the age of the juvenile dog and the characteristics of their mothers may affect the movement behavior of juvenile dogs.
3
Sedoshkina, K., and S. Filioglo. "Dog’s Juvenile Cellulite." Bulletin of Science and Practice 5, no. 4 (April 15, 2019): 245–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/41/32.
Full textAbstract:
According to statistics, dermatological pathologies of animals occupy one of the first places in the frequency of occurrence. In addition to infections and allergic reactions, there are autoimmune diseases that occur with the defeat of the skin, as well as pathologies with unknown etiology. Juvenile cellulite (washing of puppies, juvenile pyoderma) is a rare, idiopathic form of panniculitis of young dogs, more often puppies, characterized by generalized aseptic inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue.
4
Stevens, Rebecca, Shinichi Kanazono, Scott Petesch, Ling T. Guo, and G. Diane Shelton. "Dystrophin-Deficient Muscular Dystrophy in Two Male Juvenile Brittanys." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 58, no. 6 (October 31, 2022): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-7255.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT A 6 mo old and a 7 mo old male intact Brittany were presented for progressive exercise intolerance, failure to grow, and dysphagia. Creatine kinase activity was markedly and persistently elevated in both dogs. Based on the neurological examination, clinical signs localized to the neuromuscular system. Electromyography revealed complex repetitive discharges in multiple muscle groups. Immunofluorescence of biopsies confirmed dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy. This is the first report describing dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy in the Brittany breed. Currently, no specific therapies are available for this form of myopathy. The presence of dystrophin deficiency in the two dogs suggests an inherited myopathy rather than a spontaneous mutation. The location of the dogs in the United States and Japan suggests a wide distribution of this dystrophy and should alert clinicians to the existence of this myopathy in the Brittany breed. A mutation in the DMD gene has not yet been identified.
5
Black, V. L., F. J. S. Whitworth, and S. Adamantos. "Pyrexia in juvenile dogs: a review of 140 referred cases." Journal of Small Animal Practice 60, no. 2 (October 4, 2018): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsap.12938.
Full text
6
Lutz, Sabina, Adrian C. Sewell, Claudia E. Reusch, and Peter H. Kook. "Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Border Collies with Presumed Hereditary Juvenile Cobalamin Deficiency." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 49, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-5867.
Full textAbstract:
Juvenile cobalamin deficiency is a rare disease in border collies and its diagnosis requires a high level of clinical suspicion. The goal of this study was to increase awareness of this disease by describing the clinical and laboratory findings in four young border collies with inherited cobalamin deficiency. The median age of the dogs was 11.5 mo (range, 8–42 mo), and two of the four dogs were full siblings. Clinical signs included intermittent lethargy (n = 4), poor body condition (n = 4), odynophagia (n = 2), glossitis (n = 1), and bradyarrhythmia (n = 1). Pertinent laboratory abnormalities were mild to moderate normocytic nonregenerative anemia (n = 3), increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity (n = 3), and mild proteinuria (n = 3). All of the dogs had serum cobalamin levels below the detection limit of the assay, marked methylmalonic aciduria, and hyperhomocysteinemia. Full clinical recovery was achieved in all dogs with regular parenteral cobalamin supplementation, and laboratory abnormalities resolved, except the proteinuria and elevated AST activity persisted. This case series demonstrates the diverse clinical picture of primary cobalamin deficiency in border collies. Young border collies presenting with ambiguous clinical signs should be screened for cobalamin deficiency.
7
Trunova, S. А., S. G. Nurmagomedova, and R. M. Tutunova. "Age Dynamics of Helminthic Infestations in Dogs in the Plain Belt of Dagestan." VETERINARY PATHOLOGY 22, no. 1 (April 16, 2023): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/1682-5616-2023-22-63-70.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Among the animal infestations, a large number of zooanthroponoses have been identified. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanisms of helminthiases behaviour and to constantly monitor the helminth fauna in animals that have close contact with humans.The work aimed at studying the age-related features of dogs infestations in the plains of Dagestan, including studying the presence of specific types of helminths. The main attention was paid to the influence of environmental factors and dogs’ lifestyle on the helminthic infestations prevalence and intensity in different age groups.Materials and methods. Age dynamics of helminthic infestation was studied in domestic dogs that were in self-walking and in stray dogs of different ages and sexes. Dogs were divided into three categories: of age 1–6 months old (puppies), of age 1–2 years old (juvenile animals) and adult specimens. In the work the method of animal and human complete helminthological dissection was used, as well as some other methods, such as sequential washing, flotation with the use of saturated solution of ammonium nitrate, Berman-Orlov method of larvoscopy and methods of examinations used in sanitary helminthology.Results. The results show that puppies are infested with 5 types of helminths out of 19 identified in dogs with probability of up to 40 % and the infestation intensity of up to 72 items. In general, infestation rates in puppies were low. The highest prevalence was observed for E. granulosus with infestation extensity 10.0 % and the infestation intensity varying from 12 to 72 items. T. canis also had a high prevalence rate of 40.0 % with infestation intensity from 7 to 19 items. On the other hand, T. hydatigena and A. caninum had the lowest prevalence rate of 6.6 % with infestation intensity from 3 to 12 items. It was found that juvenile animals of 1-2 years old and adult dogs were infested with 12 different types of helminths. It should be emphasized that dogs aged 1-2 years old were especially susceptible to infestation at this stage. In total, six different types of helminths were identified with the high prevalence rate (ranging from 26.6 to 53.3 %) and infestation intensity (from 7 to 109 items). Indicators of the infestation intensity and extensity were higher in dogs infested with E. granulosus and T. canis namely IE 40.0 % and II 21 to 109 items for first species, and 53.34 % and 11–61 items for second species. Helminthiases found in adult dogs were similar to those found in juvenile animals aged 1 to 2 years old, but with a lower degree of infestation. The highest infestation extensity and the highest infestation intensity was observed for E. granulosus and T. canis, respectively – 26.6 %, and 4–16 items. On the other hand, the lower rates were observed for M. xanthosomus, A. alata, D. immitis and T. mystax, with IE 6.6 % and II 1–9 items. It was found that in comparison with juvenile animals, adult dogs are much less likely to be infested with helminths, and this is most likely due to the formation of the age-related immunity.Discussion and conclusions. It was found that the character of helminthic infestations in dogs, depending on their age, is influenced by the changes in natural and climatic conditions, environmental factors and animals keeping and care practices.
8
Behr, Sebastien, and Laurent Cauzinille. "Aseptic Suppurative Meningitis in Juvenile Boxer Dogs: Retrospective Study of 12 Cases." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 42, no. 4 (July 1, 2006): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0420277.
Full textAbstract:
Immune-mediated central nervous system inflammation is described in a series of 12 juvenile boxer dogs. A diagnosis of steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis was made based on the clinical presentation and on diagnostic findings. The boxer breed was at a higher risk for this inflammatory condition than other breeds. Long-term follow-up (>2 years) confirmed a better prognosis in this breed than in the beagle and the Bernese mountain dog. Complete resolution of clinical signs without significant deficits or recurrences was obtained in all cases. Early clinical recognition and immunosuppressive treatment resulted in a better response and complete resolution of the disorder.
9
Bommer, Nick X., Serena E. Brownlie, Linda R. Morrison, Marge L. Chandler, and James W. Simpson. "Fanconi Syndrome in Irish Wolfhound Siblings." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 54, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-6439.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Three juvenile male Irish wolfhound littermates presented with marked polyuria and polydipsia. The four female siblings were apparently unaffected. Diagnostic testing revealed glucosuria with normoglycemia, generalized aminoaciduria, hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis consistent with Fanconi syndrome. Renal ultrasonographic and histologic findings are presented. Cases were managed with a supplementation regimen based on a treatment protocol for Fanconi syndrome in basenjis. These dogs did not have angular limb deformities as documented previously in juvenile canine siblings with Fanconi syndrome. Fanconi syndrome has not been previously described in Irish wolfhound siblings.
10
Hammel, Scott P., and Dale E. Bjorling. "Results of Vulvoplasty for Treatment of Recessed Vulva in Dogs." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 38, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0380079.
Full textAbstract:
The results of vulvoplasty were evaluated in 34 dogs that underwent surgery at the University of Wisconsin Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital between 1987 and 1999. Case records were evaluated, and clients were interviewed by telephone. The most common clinical signs of a juvenile or recessed vulva at initial examination were perivulvar dermatitis in 59% (20/34) of dogs and urinary incontinence and chronic urinary tract infection (UTI), each present in 56% (19/34) of dogs. Other common complaints included pollakiuria, irritation, and vaginitis. Most dogs developed clinical signs before 1 year of age. All dogs except one bichon frise were medium to giant breeds, suggesting that vulvar conformation may be related to growth rate or body conformation; prior ovariohysterectomy did not appear to be an influencing factor. Eighty-two percent of owners rated the outcome of the surgery as at least satisfactory. The incidence of urinary incontinence was reduced by vulvoplasty; however, it remained the most common residual sign after surgery, suggesting a multifactorial etiology. The incidences of UTI, vaginitis, and external irritation were greatly reduced after surgery.
11
Takizawa, T., K. Hashimoto, T. Minami, S. Yamashita, and K. Owen. "The comparative arthropathy of fluoroquinolones in dogs." Human & Experimental Toxicology 18, no. 6 (June 1999): 392–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/096032799678840237.
Full textAbstract:
1 Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are generally only prescribed to paediatric patients on compassionate grounds. This is because they are known to cause lesions in the cartilage of the major diarthroidal joints in immature experimental animals. As dogs are considered to be the most sensitive species, a series of studies was performed to compare the potential for grepafloxacin (a new fluoroquinolone) to cause arthropathy to that of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in juvenile (month old) beagles. 2 Grepafloxacin was administered once daily to male juvenile dogs at dosages of up to 100 mg/kg/day (intravenously), 60 mg/kg/day (orally) or 30 mg/kg/ day (subcutaneously) for 1 week. Blister formation was observed on the surface of the joints in one of the three animals treated with grepafloxacin intravenously at 100 mg/kg/day. No abnormalities were observed at lower dosages or when grepafloxacin was administered orally or subcutaneously, regardless of dose. In animals treated with ofloxacin or ciprofloxacin at dosages of 10-30 mg/kg/day, blister formation or erosion was observed on the surface of joints regardless of dose or route of administration. 3 Histopathological examination of the joint surfaces of affected animals revealed the loss of cartilaginous matrix and chondrocytes, cavitation within the intermediate zone of cartilage accompanied by cartilage fibrillation or chondrocyte clustering, or loss of the surface layer which covers the cavitation (or loss of outer wall of the cavity). These findings were not present in the absence of grossly observed lesions. 4 Absorption following oral administration of grepa-floxacin was low. Examination of plasma concentrations of drug following intravenous administration showed that joint toxicity was seen with ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin at maximum concentrations as low as 3.80 and 4.24 mg/l, respectively, while plasma levels of grepafloxacin of up to 11.95 mg/l failed to cause such lesions. When the concentration of grepafloxacin was 18.69 mg/l a single joint lesion was seen. Following subcutaneous administration of grepafloxacin, systemic exposure (area under the curve) of approximately 1.5 times that seen in man was not associated with joint lesions. However, lesions were noted for ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin treated animals at exposures equal to or below those seen in man. Therefore grepafloxacin appeared to have a relatively low potential for joint toxicity; this was not due to lack of penetration into the synovial fluid.
12
Morais, Helio S. Autran de, Stephen P. DiBartola, and Dennis J. Chew. "Juvenile renal disease in Golden Retrievers: 12 cases (1984-1994)." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 209, no. 4 (August 15, 1996): 792–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1996.209.04.792.
Full textAbstract:
Objective To evaluate clinical and pathologic findings in Golden Retrievers with renal dysplasia. Design Retrospective study. Animals 12 young Golden Retrievers with chronic renal disease. Procedure Medical records of affected dogs were evaluated on the basis of clinical findings, laboratory test results, and histologic findings. Results Common clinical findings were vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, polydipsia, and polyuria. Common laboratory findings were azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypercholesterolemia, isosthenuria, proteinuria, hypercalcemia, and nonregenerative anemia. Many affected dogs also had urinary tract infections, and some were hypertensive. Renal lesions consisted of moderate-to-severe interstitial fibrosis and mild-to-moderate lymphoplasmacytic interstitial inflammation. Cystic glomerular atrophy and periglomerular fibrosis were prominent features in most affected dogs. Fetal lobulation of glomeruli, adenomatoid hyperplasia of collecting tubule epithelium, and primitive mesenchymal connective tissue were histologic features suggestive of renal dysplasia. Clinical Implications Renal dysplasia should be suspected in Golden Retrievers < 3 years old with clinical findings and laboratory results indicative of renal disease. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;209:792–797)
13
Bhattacharjee, Debottam, Shubhra Sau, Jayjit Das, and Anindita Bhadra. "Does novelty influence the foraging decisions of a scavenger?" PeerJ 12 (March 21, 2024): e17121. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17121.
Full textAbstract:
Acquiring knowledge about the environment is crucial for survival. Animals, often driven by their exploratory tendencies, gather valuable information regarding food resources, shelter, mating partners, etc. However, neophobia, or avoiding novel environmental stimuli, can constrain their exploratory behaviour. While neophobia can reduce potential predation risks, decreased exploratory behaviour resulting from it may limit the ability to discover highly rewarding resources. Dogs (Canis familiaris) living in semi-urban and urban environments as free-ranging populations, although subject to various selection forces, typically have negligible predation pressure. These dogs are scavengers in human-dominated environments; thus, selection against object-neophobia can provide benefits when searching for novel food resources. Although captive pack-living dogs are known to be less neophobic than their closest living ancestors, wolves (Canis lupus), little is known about free-ranging dogs’ behavioural responses to novel objects, particularly in foraging contexts. Using an object choice experiment, we tested 259 free-ranging dogs from two age classes, adult and juvenile, to investigate their object-neophobia in a scavenging context. We employed a between-subject study design, providing dogs with a familiar and a potentially novel object, both baited with equal, hidden food items. Adult and juvenile dogs significantly inspected the novel object first compared to the familiar one, even when the hidden food item was partially visible. To validate these findings, we compared novel objects with different strengths of olfactory cues (baited vs. false-baited) and found that they were inspected comparably by adults and juveniles. No significant differences were found in the latencies to inspect the objects, suggesting that free-ranging dogs may still be cautious when exploring their environments. These results indicate that free-ranging dogs, evidently from an early ontogenetic phase, do not show object-neophobia, as demonstrated by their preference for novel over familiar food sources. We conclude that little to no constraint of neophobia on exploratory behaviour in semi-urban and urban-dwelling animals can guide foraging decision-making processes, providing adaptive benefits.
14
Koirala, Saroj. "Inclusion and Repression of Animal Figures in the Short Fiction of Chekhov and Bangdel." Literary Studies 33 (March 31, 2020): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/litstud.v33i0.38065.
Full textAbstract:
Fiction is largely a domain of human beings having anthropocentrism as its organizing principle. However, the genre sometimes employs non-human animals too as characters which can be viewed as an innovative tool of modern narratology. Through the use of de-anthropomorphized characters such works provide space for an interpretation of animal behavior and their consciousness.
Universally, human beings have kept companion pets as domestic animals are believed to be sentient beings compared to wild ones. For instance, archeological records of 15 millenniums have reported that dogs used to live together with humans because of their faithful companionship. Animals, therefore, abound in literature across all ages and cultures, but only rarely have they been the focal point of systematic literary study (McHugh 487). As a result, more recent literary criticism has focused on the ethics and the politics of human-animal bonds (HAB), animal communication, animal emotion and so on.
15
O'Neill, D. G., E. Turgoose, D. B. Church, D. C. Brodbelt, and A. Hendricks. "Juvenile‐onset and adult‐onset demodicosis in dogs in the UK: prevalence and breed associations." Journal of Small Animal Practice 61, no. 1 (October 4, 2019): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13067.
Full text
16
Araújo, Diana, Carla Lima, João R. Mesquita, Irina Amorim, and Cristina Ochôa. "Characterization of Suspected Crimes against Companion Animals in Portugal." Animals 11, no. 9 (September 20, 2021): 2744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11092744.
Full textAbstract:
Animal crimes are a widespread phenomenon with serious implications for animal welfare, individual well-being and for society in general. These crimes are universal and represent a major problem in human/animal interaction. In Portugal, current law 69/2014 criminalizes the mistreatment and abandonment of companion animals. This study characterizes forensic cases received at the Laboratory of Pathology of the National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Investigation (Vairão) since the enforcement of the aforementioned legislation. A retrospective study was carried out based on the consult of 160 data files of forensic necropsies from 127 dogs and 33 cats. Necropsies confirmed prior crime suspicion in 38 cases (24%), from which 33 were dogs and five were cats. Among confirmed cases, most of assaulted animals were medium-size (57%), crossbreed (55%) male (58%) dogs (87%), which were the victims of blunt force trauma (31%), firearms (27%), poisoning (27%) and asphyxiation (15%). In cats, most of the assaulted animals were juvenile (60%) females (60%) of unknown breed (40%), which suffered blunt force trauma (100%) as the only cause of death. The present study shows that violence against animals is a reality, and complaints about these crimes are gradually increasing due to the population’s raising awareness about animal rights. Greater communication and coordination between clinicians, veterinary pathologists, and law enforcement officers are essential to validate and legally support these cases and subject them to trial.
17
Rudd Garces, Gabriela, Matthias Christen, Robert Loechel, Vidhya Jagannathan, and Tosso Leeb. "FYCO1 Frameshift Deletion in Wirehaired Pointing Griffon Dogs with Juvenile Cataract." Genes 13, no. 2 (February 11, 2022): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13020334.
Full textAbstract:
Different breed-specific inherited cataracts have been described in dogs. In this study, we investigated an inbred family of Wirehaired Pointing Griffon dogs in which three offspring were affected by juvenile cataract. The pedigree suggested monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance of the trait. Whole-genome sequencing of an affected dog revealed 12 protein-changing variants that were not present in 566 control genomes, of which two were located in functional candidate genes, FYCO1 and CRYGB. Targeted genotyping of both variants in the investigated family excluded CRYGB and revealed perfect co-segregation of the FYCO1 variant with the juvenile cataract phenotype. This variant, FYCO1:c.2024delG, represents a 1 bp frameshift deletion predicted to truncate ~50% of the open reading frame p.(Ser675Thrfs*5). FYCO1 encodes the FYVE and coiled-coil domain autophagy adaptor 1, a known regulator of lens autophagy, which is required for the normal homeostasis in the eye. In humans, at least 37 pathogenic variants in FYCO1 have been shown to cause autosomal recessive cataract. Fcyo1−/− knockout mice also develop cataracts. Together with the current knowledge on FYCO1 variants and their functional impact in humans and mice, our data strongly suggest FYCO1:c.2024delG as a candidate causative variant for the observed juvenile cataract in Wirehaired Pointing Griffon dogs. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report of a FYCO1-related cataract in domestic animals.
18
Sokol, Augustín, and Jozefa Pevčíková. "Animal symbolism in works of H. P. Lovecraft." Ars Aeterna 13, no. 3 (December 1, 2021): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aa-2021-0016.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Howard Phillips Lovecraft is widely considered to be one of the most influential writers of modern horror fiction and one of the main pioneers of the genre in its current form. One of the less discussed attributes of his work is his use of animal symbolism, despite how common it is, and serves several important functions. We will examine the different forms of animal symbolism in Lovecraft’s writing, their use and their respective functions. Our main goal will be to examine how animal symbolism in Lovecraft’s work was influenced by cultural and mythological sources and his own opinions towards different creatures and what they represent, in which case we will examine how his knowledge and beliefs may have influenced his depiction of animals. Our focus will be on the depiction of cats, dogs, snakes, aquatic, and amphibious animals as these play a significant role Lovecraftian fiction. We will also examine how animal symbolism connects to the key themes in cosmic horror, such as its negation of anthropocentrism.
19
Ягников, Сергей, Sergey Yagnikov, Лусинэ Барсегян, Lusine Barsegyan, Оксана Кулешова, Oksana Kuleshova, Яна Ягникова, et al. "Using of ventral spinal fusion in dogs during the treatment of the juvenile discospondilitis at level LVII-SI." Russian veterinary journal 2019, no. 4 (August 19, 2019): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32416/article_5d5a9d1c891cd0.95773880.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents 4 clinical cases of surgical treatment of juvenile discospondilitis in dogs at the level of LVII-SI. All animals at the first stage were undergoing to long-term antibiotic therapy without positive dynamics, both clinically and with radiographic evaluation. The surgical intervention included the laparotomy with ventral access to the vertebral bodies at level LVII-SI, removal of pathologically modified tissues and stabilization by metal construction combined with bone autoplasty. The improvement of the clinical state of the animals was observed at 3…7th day after the surgery. In the remote period the result is evaluated as excellent or good by all owners.
20
Crosby, Jilli, Alexandros Hardas, Karla Lee, and Lynda Rutherford. "Uterus Masculinus with a Patent Urethral Communication Documented with Positive Contrast Computed Tomography." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 59, no. 3 (May 1, 2023): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-7344.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT A 9 mo old male Labrador retriever presented for investigation into persistent urinary incontinence. Abdominal ultrasound and retrograde urethrocystogram with computed tomography documented a uterus masculinus (UM), which was confirmed on histopathology after surgical removal. A connection between the UM and the urethra was present, documented by positive contrast retrograde urethrocystography and confirmed with surgery. Typically, in the literature, UM are blind ending, and there are only a few case reports that demonstrate an assumed connection. This case has demonstrated a patent connection between the UM and the urethra, which should be considered a differential diagnosis for persistent urinary incontinence and urinary tract infection in juvenile male dogs.
21
Patterson, Jacoby. "Toxocarosis in humans: how much of a problem is it in the UK?" Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin 61, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/dtb.2022.000052.
Full textAbstract:
Toxocara canis(from dogs) is recognised as a potential cause of human toxocarosis, butToxocara cati(from cats) and other species (eg,Toxascaris leoninafound in foxes) are also possible causes. Most colonisation withToxocaraspecies does not lead to symptomatic infection in well-cared for adult animals; young and debilitated animals are at greater risk. Humans can acquire infection from infected animals, for example, via soil contaminated with faeces; however, most human infections are asymptomatic, with symptomatic infection being very rare in the UK. The risk of human infection is reduced by measures such as hand washing and responsible disposal of dog faeces. Some organisations recommend regular prophylactic treatment of pet dogs and cats. However, there are concerns that some parasiticides are contaminating the environment. As an example of a One-Health problem there is a potential conflict between the needs of animal health, human health and the health of the wider ecosystem. Also, considering that only about 5% of non-juvenile household dogs shedToxocaraeggs at a given time, it has been questioned whether it is worthwhile to invest in frequent blind treatments. British veterinary organisations have suggested less frequent treatment may be more appropriate and should be based on individual risk assessment and faecal examinations for worms rather than blanket regular prophylactic treatment, which could reduce the impact of parasiticides on the environment without greatly increasing the risks to animal or human health.
22
Ahola, Leena, Sari Hänninen, and Jaakko Mononen. "A note on stereotyped behaviour in pair and group-housed farmed juvenile raccoon dogs." Applied Animal Behaviour Science 107, no. 1-2 (October 2007): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2006.09.015.
Full text
23
Jamshidi, Shahram, Nadi Maazi, Shahrokh Ranjbar-Bahadori, Mahdiyeh Rezaei, Pedram Morakabsaz, and Morteza Hosseininejad. "A survey of ectoparasite infestation in dogs in Tehran, Iran." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 21, no. 3 (September 2012): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612012000300030.
Full textAbstract:
This survey was conducted to identify and estimate the frequencies of ectoparasites of dogs in Tehran, Iran. A total of 143 dogs attended at the Small Animal Hospital of the Veterinary School, the University of Tehran, were examined for the presence of ectoparasites and dermatological lesions. Ectoparasite specimens and blood samples were sent to parasitology and hematology laboratories, respectively. Ticks were the most frequent ectoparasite (36.4%, 52/143), followed by fleas (29.4%, 42/143), mites (25.9%, 37/143), and lice (8.4%, 12/143). Mixed infestations with two or more ectoparasites were detected in eight dogs. Rhipicephalus bursa was the most frequent ectoparasite in spring and summer. Ectoparasitic infestations were recorded mainly in large breeds and juvenile animals. Eosinophilia was more observed in dogs infested with Sarcoptes scabiei. The most common clinical sign, skin pruritus, was associated with mite and lice infestations. These results indicate that the tick R. bursa was the most prominent species of ectoparasite found in the evaluated group, followed by Ctenocephalides canis and S. scabiei var canis.
24
Ding, Yue, Wenlong Zhang, Xufeng Xie, Shilei Zhang, Ning Song, Zhanbin Liu, and Yongguo Cao. "Seroepidemiological Analysis of Canine Leptospira Species Infections in Changchun, China." Pathogens 12, no. 7 (July 12, 2023): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12070930.
Full textAbstract:
Leptospirosis is a significant worldwide zoonotic infectious disease that infects a wide range of animals and humans. Leptospira will colonize the animal’s urinary and reproductive systems and be excreted with urine, potentially causing a wide range of infections. Dogs are an essential host for Leptospira, and epidemiological investigation studies of leptospirosis must be conducted to clarify the prevalence of leptospirosis and to reduce the risk of transmission to humans. This study aimed to investigate the seroepidemiology of leptospiral infection in dogs from Changchun, China, using Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). A total of 1053 canine blood samples were collected and tested by MAT. The positive rate of MAT was approximately 19.1%. The main prevalent Leptospira serogroups were L. Icterohaemorrhagiae (8.1%), L. Canicola (7.6%), L. Australis (5.3%), L. Ballum (4.7%) and L. Pyrogenes (4.2%). No statistically significant difference among different varieties, sexes and sampling seasons (p > 0.05), except the age (p < 0.05). The seropositive rate was much higher in adult and aged dogs than in juvenile dogs. Our results showed the seroprevalence and the prevalent serogroup of Canine leptospirosis in Changchun, China.
25
Lobanova, V. A., and V. I. Klyukina. "Optimization of rabies (Rhabdoviridae: Lyssavirus) dog vaccination schedule using a mathematical model." Problems of Virology 66, no. 5 (November 4, 2021): 354–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-75.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Most cases of human rabies are caused by dog (Canis lupus familiaris) bites. Therefore, the implementation of vaccination programs of these animals is one of the urgent tasks.The work aims to identify the factors influencing the production of antirabies virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs) in vaccinated dogs, and to formulate recommendations for adjusting the vaccination schedule using mathematical modeling (MM).Material and methods. We used a fixed-effects modeling procedure to estimate the two-compartment model parameters using log-transformed data (obtained by RFFIT, rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test; and FAVN, fluorescent antibody virus-neutralization test) on the VNAs levels in the serum of vaccinated dogs.Results. More vigorous immune response after a two-dose primary vaccination is formed in juvenile dogs at the age of 3 months to 1 year compared to the adult dogs. Following the primary vaccination and revaccination 1 year after, VNAs were produced more intensively in adult stray dogs than in domestic dogs.Discussion. The short-term immune response observed in dogs aged up to 3 months is due to the presence of colostral antibodies and the active growth of the organism at this age. The results of our study confirm that most of the dogs have a level of antirabies VNAs of ≥0.5 IU/ml up to two or more years following immunization. However, only regular annual revaccination ensures the protective VNAs level in animals that responded poorly to vaccination due to various factors.Conclusion. The following antirabies vaccination schedule is recommended: primary vaccination of the dog at the age of 3 months up to 1 year with 1–2 month intervals, then revaccination annually. This work also demonstrates the possibility of a wider application of MM methods for solving problems of vaccine prevention.
26
Patranobish, Paromita. "Speaking Crows and Alien Fish: Nonhuman Cosmopolitanisms in Satyajit Ray's Speculative Fiction." Science Fiction Studies 51, no. 2 (July 2024): 258–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sfs.2024.a931155.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT: I approach Satyajit Ray's sf stories as postcolonial interventions into Western Enlightenment discourses of scientific rationality. I trace the trajectory of these concerns as they are reflected in narratives centered around nonhuman animals, published in various Bengali juvenile magazines between 1961 and 1992. Ray's stories offer a critical site for interrogating, revising, and expanding the possibilities of a Kantian moral philosophy of cosmopolitanism for post-independence contexts of democratic governance, industrialization, and urbanization. Ray's sf enables readers to imagine a posthuman cosmopolitics (to use Isabelle Stengers's concept) as an alternative to colonial cartographies of personhood and the centrifugal impulse of postcolonial nation formation. My article addresses the significant but underexplored role played by Ray's ecological thinking and care for the nonhuman animal in his postcolonial politics. Ray's sf harnesses the possibilities of Bengali speculative fiction, including Kalpavigyan's model of a fluid science to posit a speculative vision of a future-oriented cosmopolitics where the possibility for non-reciprocal and untranslatable proximities becomes a conceptual foundation for thinking about alterity.
27
Lai, Poyu, Kate S. KuKanich, and Nora L. Springer. "Elective ovariohysterectomy or castration can proceed in shelter dogs despite mild to moderate presurgical leukocytosis." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 260, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.21.10.0455.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract OBJECTIVE To determine whether shelter dogs presenting for elective ovariohysterectomy or castration have leukocytosis, whether leukocytes are associated with age and infection, and whether leukocytosis precludes progression to surgery. ANIMALS 138 dogs (from 13 regional shelters) presented for ovariohysterectomy or castration between October 7 and December 6, 2019. PROCEDURES For this prospective study, each dog underwent presurgical physical examination, CBC, and tests for Dirofilaria immitis antigen and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Ehrlichia canis antibodies, with additional tests performed as needed. Dogs were aged by dentition as juvenile (< 3 or ≥ 3 to ≤ 6 months) or adult (> 6 months). Leukogram results were compared across age groups with recognized infections and parasitism and with dogs’ progression to surgery. RESULTS There were 34 dogs < 3 months old, 22 dogs ≥ 3 to ≤ 6 months old, and 82 > 6 months old. Sixty-three of 138 (45.6%) dogs had leukocytosis (median, 16,500 cells/µL; range, 13,700 to 28,300 cells/µL). Dogs < 3 months of age had higher median leukocyte and lymphocyte counts (14,550 cells/µL and 3,700 cells/µL, respectively) than dogs > 6 months of age (12,500 cells/µL and 2,400 cells/µL, respectively). Only 1 dog had a stress leukogram. Forty-seven dogs had recognized infection, but there was no association with leukocytosis. Surgery proceeded successfully for all dogs with leukocytosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Mild to moderate leukocytosis is common before elective surgery in shelter dogs, but surgery can proceed safely. A CBC should be reserved for ill-appearing dogs rather than as a screening test, and age-specific reference intervals should be considered.
28
Hansen, Bernie, and Elizabeth Hardie. "Prescription and use of analgesics in dogs and cats in a veterinary teaching hospital: 258 cases (1983-1989)." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 202, no. 9 (May 1, 1993): 1485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1993.202.09.1485.
Full textAbstract:
Summary: The frequency of prescribing analgesics and administering them for the treatment of apparent postoperative pain in 243 dogs and 15 cats was evaluated. Surgeries performed on the animals evaluated included limb amputations, limb-sparing bone cancer resection, thoracotomy, cervical vertebral instability repair, and humeral fracture repair. Only 1 cat was treated once with an analgesic after surgery, and cats were not evaluated statistically. Dogs undergoing amputation, limb salvage procedure, or thoracotomy were more likely to be treated than dogs undergoing the other surgeries. Ninety-six (40%) of the 243 dogs were under the influence of an analgesic at any time during their postoperative hospital stay, and 69 dogs (28%) received 1 or more doses of an analgesic after recovery from general anesthesia. One hundred thirty-three dogs were cared for in the intensive care unit (icu) immediately after surgery. Written instructions for treatment with an analgesic were given for 61 of those dogs, and 50 were given at least 1 dose of the prescribed analgesic. Dogs cared for in the icu were twice as likely to be given an analgesic as dogs cared for in the surgery ward. The estimated duration of analgesic effect exceeded 8 hours in 46 (19%) of 243 dogs. Small and juvenile dogs were least likely to be treated. Interns and residents were twice as likely as faculty to administer analgesics. Most written interpretations of pain behavior observed in the icu were made on the basis of vocalizations. Half of the dogs for which medical record comments suggested moderate to severe pain were not given an analgesic. The most frequently administered analgesic immediately following surgery was oxymorphone, followed by butorphanol and morphine. Aspirin was never administered to dogs in the icu, but was used in 10 dogs that were in the surgery ward for > 74 hours.
29
Viora, U., P. Ponzio, M. T. Mascarino, B. Picco, P. Guiso, E. Battista, S. Martino, D. Montin, M. Dellepiane, and G. Rosso. "OP0256-PARE A PAW? YES, THANK YOU AN ANIMAL ASSISTED INTERVENTION (AAI) PILOT PROJECT FOR CHILDREN WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS (JIA)." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4899.
Full textAbstract:
Background:Animal-Assisted Interventions (AAI) is the new way to indicate what was previously known as “Pet Therapy”, as activities can be done either with the conventional “pets” (dogs, cats and rabbits) or with horses and donkeys.Children with JIA have several problems in terms of adherence both due to the atavistic fear of the needle and due to nausea and vomiting - the most important side effects of Methotrexate – often since the 2-3 days before the assumption to immediately after it.Sure that animals can help children to forget this fear and to avoid the psycological conditions which enhance nausea, for the first time in Italy (and probably in Europe) it was designed a specific AAI program for these children.Objectives:To promote a general state of psycho-physical well-being in children and families about:manage of therapy; reduce discomfort and anxiety caused by entering hospital; improve self-esteem and the response to the stress generated by the execution of therapy and disease management; strengthen communication and socialization; stimulate the affective area through the activities of animal care.Methods:Dogs and cats are part of the recreational activities once a week in an equipped area in the OIRM Hospital (no alternative gateway was needed).Paediatric Rheumatologists selected two different groups of children: the first one (5 children in the pilot study) every 15 days; the second one (5 children) every month; the selection was made looking at the therapeutic scheme.Every session, one hour, has 3 clearly distinct stages:Welcome and organization: children say hello to dogs and cats, open the toolkits specifically designed for the intervention, express their state of mind and are encouraged to tell their own stories.Therapy:parents prepare and inject the drug to their children under medical or Health Professional control without discontinuation of the activities with animals.Play and socializing:children are involved in petting and other activities with animals; they are also involved in manipulative activities (design, puppets shows, modelling clay, animal care, ball retriving, etc). This step has the aim to relieve stress and discomfort due to medical procedures.Visual Analogic Scales (VAS) were part of the toolkit, to let the researchers evaluate the effects of the activity directly from the children experience.For the first time, we will control also the animal health status and wellness condition monitoring behavioural parameters and salivary cortisol level during each session.Results:The pilot project started in October 2019 and nowaday we closed 12 meetings, 4 on October, 4 on November, 3 on December and 2 on January, with the participation of 2 dogs (Golden and Labrador Retriever) and 1 cat (Devon Rex) in each one.All children love to play with animals, seek their closeness at the time of therapy and enjoy playing all together with the dogs; no one cry or refuse therapy and, since the third session, no one has nausea before, during or after the injection. Parents have reached a certain level of confidence: they stay quietly in the waiting room or go away to have a drink or to run an errand (it becomes a moment of relaxing for them too).Animals remain in healthy and wellness conditions during the activity.Conclusion:These preliminary data seem that AAI to be useful in helping patients in JIA to overcome some problems related to their pathology.Disclosure of Interests:UGO VIORA: None declared, Patrizia Ponzio: None declared, Maria Teresa Mascarino: None declared, Barbara Picco: None declared, Paolo Guiso: None declared, Eleonora Battista: None declared, Silvana Martino: None declared, Davide Montin Speakers bureau: Not relevant for the topic, Marta Dellepiane: None declared, Germana Rosso: None declared
30
Lees, George E., R. Gayman Helman, Clifford E. Kashtan, Alfred F. Michael, Linda D. Homco, Nicholas J. Millichamp, Zenaido T. Camacho, et al. "New form of X-linked dominant hereditary nephritis in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 60, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 373–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1999.60.03.373.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective To determine features of a new form of hereditary nephritis (HN) in dogs. Animals Parents and 16 first-generation offspring (8 males, 8 females). Procedure Adolescent dogs that developed renal failure were euthanatized and necropsied. Unaffected dogs were monitored until they were at least 2 years old. Studies included light and electron microscopy of kidneys obtained from affected and unaffected dogs and immunolabeling for collagen-IV chains in renal and epidermal basement membranes (BM). The nucleotide sequence of a portion of exon 35 of the COL4A5 gene was determined in genomic DNA isolated from affected and unaffected males. Results 7 of 8 male and 2 of 8 female offspring had proteinuria and juvenile-onset chronic renal failure, which progressed more rapidly in the males. Labeling for α3-α6(IV) chains was completely absent in renal BM of affected males and segmentally absent in affected females. Expression of α1-α2(IV) chains in glomerular BM (GBM) of affected dogs was increased. Labeling for α5-α6(IV) chains in epidermal BM was absent in affected males and segmental in affected females. Ultrastructural changes characteristic of HN were observed in GBM of affected dogs. The sequence of exon 35 of COL4A5 was normal in affected dogs. Conclusions This renal disease is an example of X-linked dominant HN, with typical abnormalities of GBM ultrastructure and α(IV) chain expression. Clinical Relevance and Implications for Human Medicine Dogs with this naturally acquired progressive renal disease can be used to investigate the pathogenesis and treatment of similar disorders in human beings and dogs. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:373–383)
31
Gauthier, Nicolas. "L’homme et la bête : chiens et politique dans Les Mohicans de Paris." Voix Plurielles 12, no. 2 (December 12, 2015): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/vp.v12i2.1276.
Full textAbstract:
Cet article étudie comment le recours à l’animalisation dans Les Mohicans de Paris d’Alexandre Dumas est l’espace d’une véritable réflexion sur les rapports entre l’humain et l’animal. Ceci apparaît de façon nette dans la fictionnalisation du chien qui induit un brouillage des limites séparant humain et animal, brouillage qui a pour fonction de permettre l’articulation des personnages canins aux enjeux fondamentaux du roman. De façon plus précise, la mise en scène du « meilleur ami de l’homme » sert à redoubler le projet politique au cœur des Mohicans de Paris.
This paper examines how, in Les Mohicans de Paris, Alexandre Dumas assigns animalistic features to some characters to question the relations between humans and animals while portraying the various dogs in the novel in a way which blurs the limits between humans and animals. These seemingly accessory canine characters are actually closely associated with the fundamental elements of the novel. More precisely, the way “man’s best friend” is put in fiction actually repeats the political project at the heart of Les Mohicans de Paris.
32
van der Laan, Jan Willem, Karen van Malderen, Nico de Jager, Dinah Duarte, Gunter F. Egger, Fabien Lavergne, Cláudio Gouveia Roque, Isabel Vieira, Lutz Wiesner, and Jacqueline Carleer. "Evaluation of Juvenile Animal Studies for Pediatric CNS-Targeted Compounds: A Regulatory Perspective." International Journal of Toxicology 38, no. 6 (October 29, 2019): 456–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581819883569.
Full textAbstract:
Central nervous system (CNS)-targeted products are an important category of pediatric pharmaceuticals. In view of the significant postnatal maturation of the CNS, juvenile animal studies (JAS) are performed to support pediatric development of these new medicines. In this project, the design and results of juvenile toxicity studies from 15 drug compounds for the treatment of neurologic or psychiatric conditions were analyzed. Studies were conducted mostly in rats; sometimes in addition in dogs and monkeys. The study design of the pivotal JAS was variable, even for compounds with a similar therapeutic indication. Age of the juvenile animals was not consistently related to the starting age of the intended patient population. Of 15 compounds analyzed, 6 JAS detected more severe toxicities and 6 JAS evidenced novel CNS effects compared to their adult counterparts. The effects of CNS on acoustic startle and learning and memory were observed at high dosages. Reversibility was tested in most cases and revealed some small effects that were retained or only uncovered after termination of treatment. The interpretation of the relevance of these findings was often hampered by the lack of matching end points in the adult studies or inappropriate study designs. Detailed clinical observation and motor activity measures were the most powerful end points to detect juvenile CNS effects. The need for more detailed behavioral examinations in JAS, for example, on learning and memory, should, therefore, be decided upon on a case-by-case basis, based on specific concerns in order to avoid overloading the studies.
33
Wegscheider, P. "PARE0002 IMPACT OF SERVICE DOGS ON THE BURDEN OF ARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1287.1–1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.380.
Full textAbstract:
Background:Assistance dogs support humans with different physical disabilities: 1. Service dogs for people with diverse mobility impairments 2. signaling dogs for humans diagnosed with diabetes, hearing impairments, seizure, or posttraumatic stress disorder 3. guide dogs for people with visual impairments. Definitions and terms are not consistent over Europe; Austrian terminology is used in the following. These specially trained dogs support people in their everyday lives and make it possible that less help is required from personal assistants or caregivers. Diverse studies show this positive impact of assistance dogs on the quality of life of disabled people. There are just a few case reports from United States about service dogs for people diagnosed with any inflammatory rheumatic disorder. Dogs are trained individually for about 1.5 years before team training and the concluding team assessment through Austrian authorities take place. Since 2015, there has been an adapted legislation for service dogs in Austria which brings significant improvements in many areas. In comparison to the model set by Austria, there is no corresponding legal basis at EU level or in other European countries.Objectives:Case-report about my own situation diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in 2001 and my service dog May. May supports my every day live in private and business affairs since 2019Methods:May was trained for less than two years before team assessment. May is able to pick up things I dropped. These include coins, my key, my mobile phone, clothes, towels and lots of other things I want her to pick it up for me. May opens and closes doors, empties the washing machine, pulls the laundry basket and even helps me put on and take off clothes. In general, she carries many things which I instruct her to carry. I am able to learn her more new things in a short time. Furthermore May acts safe on public transport and even airplanes. Due to special training May is allowed to move without dog leash or muzzle. A muzzle or leash would handicap the dog’s work. As a result of May’s help I need less personal assistance.Results:May’s physical and psychological support gives me greater independence and increases my self-confidence. She was trained to specifically meet the needs of my disability. Beside her skills, May helps to reduce pain and burden of arthritis.Conclusion:My aim is to spotlight the great support of service dogs to severely affected arthritis patients. Austria had realized legislation for assistance dogs to guarantee certain permissions the owner’s needs (e.g. access to working place, hospital). I would love to raise awareness about assistance dogs to improve the knowledge about those animals to implement European legislation.References:[1]Arbeitskreis für Hygiene in Gesundheitseinrichtungen des Magistrats der Stadt Wien, MA 15, Richtlinie für den Umgang mit Assistenzhunden und Therapiehunden in Gesundheitseinrichtungen, 29.3.2017; access 1.10.2019[2]AK Krankenhaushygiene OÖ, Umgang mit Assistenzhunden in Gesundheitseinrichtungen, Version 1; access 1.2019[3]Bremhorst, A et al, Spotlight on Assistance Dogs- Legislation, Welfare and Research, Animals 2018, 8, 129; doi:10.3390/ani8080129[4]Deutsche Gesellschaft für Krankenhaushygiene (DGKH), Empfehlungen zum hygienegerechten Umgang mit Therapiehunden in Krankenhäusern und vergleichbaren Einrichtungen, Hyg Med 2017; 42-10[5]Glenk, LM et al, Perceptions on Helath Benefits of Guide Dog Ownership in an Austrian Population of Blind People with and without a Guide Dog, Animals 2019, 9, 428; doi:10.3390/ani9070428[6]Lundqvist, M et al, Certified service dogs- A cost- effectiveness analysis appraisal, Plos ones 12.9.2019, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0219911[7]Sozialministeriumservice, Richtlinie Therapiehunde des Bundesministers für Arbeit, Soziales und Konsumentenschutz, 01.01.2015; access 1.10.2019Acknowledgments:I am very grateful to Kati Kohoutek, May’s trainer and the efforts of Austrian’s long lasting dog trainers and Karl Weissenbacher, the leader of Messerli Institute/ department of Veterinary University Vienna.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
34
Picut, Catherine A., and Amera K. Remick. "Impact of Age on the Male Reproductive System from the Pathologist’s Perspective." Toxicologic Pathology 45, no. 1 (November 18, 2016): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623316672744.
Full textAbstract:
Age, and in particular young age, can significantly impact the response to toxicants in animals and can greatly influence the interpretation of tissue changes by the toxicologic pathologist. Although this applies to multiple organ systems, the current review focuses on the male reproductive system. When performing microscopic evaluation of male reproductive organs, the toxicologic pathologist must be aware of the dynamic changes in histomorphology, predominantly driven by timed hormonal alterations, at various life stages. Specific challenges pathologists face are understanding the appearance of male reproductive tissues throughout the neonatal, infantile, and juvenile developmental periods, recognizing when normal looks abnormal during tissue development, defining sexual maturity, and working with high interanimal variability in maturation rate and histologic appearance in developing large laboratory animals, such as nonhuman primates, dogs, and pigs. This review describes postnatal development of the male reproductive system in the rat, demonstrates how assessing toxicity during a defined window of postnatal development in the rat may improve definition of toxicant timing and targets, and discusses challenges associated with the interpretation of toxicity in immature large animal species. The emphasis is on key age-related characteristics that influence the interpretation of tissue changes by the toxicologic pathologist.
35
Sharma, Rohit Kumar, Shashi Kant Mahajan, and Vandana Sangwan. "Management of Cataract in Dogs: Clinical Study of 22 Cases." Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 27, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2024/v27i1677.
Full textAbstract:
Total 22 dogs (18 males and 4 female) with mature/immature/juvenile/senile cataracts presented to Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, COVS, Ludhiana were selected and operated with phaco-procedure and afterwards evaluated for efficacy of this technique for cataract management using foldable lens implant. Standard protocol of general anaesthesia was adopted for surgery of these cases; drug involved, premedication with Butorphanol (@ 0.2mg/kg) +Acepromazine (@0.001mg/kg) + Glycopyrrolate (@0.01mg/kg) followed by induction using propofol (@4mg/kg). Isoflurane (1-2%) was given for maintenance of anaesthesia. Square edge foldable acrylic lens were installed within capsular bag of 19 dogs whereas in 3 dogs it was not possible. Affected lenses or lens material was retrieved using phacoemulsification procedure under coaxial operating microscope. All the intra-operative complications were recorded in present study. Follow up of all animals were noted and evaluated for visual outcomes and postoperative complications (if, any). In order to calculate the success rate, the total number of eyes operated on for cataract surgery and lens implantation was divided by the number of cases in which successful vision restoration was observed. The results showed that restoration of functional vision was noted 15/22 (68.18%) at the 3-months follow-up period. Follow up in few cases (n=4) was recorded telephonically. Miosis, iatrogenic lens adherence with endothelium during surgery, failure of hydrodisection and hyphema were observed as intraoperative problems in this study. Corneal oedema in early postoperative period (within 7-days) was recorded as most common complication of this study. However, uveitis is also reported in many cases but resolved within 7-days of procedure.
36
Letko, Anna, Reinie Dijkman, Ben Strugnell, Irene M. Häfliger, Julia M. Paris, Katrina Henderson, Tim Geraghty, Hannah Orr, Sandra Scholes, and Cord Drögemüller. "Deleterious AGXT Missense Variant Associated with Type 1 Primary Hyperoxaluria (PH1) in Zwartbles Sheep." Genes 11, no. 10 (September 29, 2020): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11101147.
Full textAbstract:
Severe oxalate nephropathy has been previously reported in sheep and is mostly associated with excessive oxalate in the diet. However, a rare native Dutch breed (Zwartbles) seems to be predisposed to an inherited juvenile form of primary hyperoxaluria and no causative genetic variant has been described so far. This study aims to characterize the phenotype and genetic etiology of the inherited metabolic disease observed in several purebred Zwartbles sheep. Affected animals present with a wide range of clinical signs including condition loss, inappetence, malaise, and, occasionally, respiratory signs, as well as an apparent sudden unexpected death. Histopathology revealed widespread oxalate crystal deposition in kidneys of the cases. Whole-genome sequencing of two affected sheep identified a missense variant in the ovine AGXT gene (c.584G>A; p.Cys195Tyr). Variants in AGXT are known to cause type I primary hyperoxaluria in dogs and humans. Herein, we present evidence that the observed clinicopathological phenotype can be described as a form of ovine type I primary hyperoxaluria. This disorder is explained by a breed-specific recessively inherited pathogenic AGXT variant. Genetic testing enables selection against this fatal disorder in Zwartbles sheep as well as more precise diagnosis in animals with similar clinical phenotype. Our results have been incorporated in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) database (OMIA 001672-9940).
37
Piner, Kelly. "Euthanasia." After Dinner Conversation 4, no. 8 (2023): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/adc20234873.
Full textAbstract:
Do desperate times justify desperate measures, or are some measures always off the table? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Hank is the inheritor of House of Hope, a farm facility where elderly or unwanted pets are shipped to be euthanized. This has become increasingly common because of severe global shortages that have pushed the world into near chaos. Each day, wooden crates arrive with dogs, cats, rabbits, and a menagerie of pets to be euthanized. To simplify the process, the government no longer allows families to drop off pets personally or to be with them as they are euthanized. Furthermore, due to resource scarcity it is against the law for House of Hope to take in, or adopt out, the pets that come in. Hank hates the situation, but justifies his role in it by saying, at least, he treats the animals with dignity in their final moments. Things take a turn for the strange when we learn that the unwanted elderly are also shipped in boxes to House of Hope to be euthanized as well.
38
Adhuze, Dr Helen Idowu. "The Face And Phases Of Anthropomorphism In Children’s Literature." Tasambo Journal of Language, Literature, and Culture 1, no. 1 (December 20, 2022): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/tjllc.2022.v01i01.006.
Full textAbstract:
Anthropomorphism, the imposition of human traits on nonhuman objects and animals, is an ancient tradition in the art of storytelling. Existing studies on anthropomorphism in literature have mostly focused on its being a satirical device in adult fiction but paid less attention to how anthropomorphism is constructed in literature for children. This study was executed to examine the depiction of anthropomorphism through folktales, modern fables, and digitales-in selected contemporary Nigerian prose narratives for children intending to establish the use of anthropomorphized characters to bring abstract concepts to life. Jean Piaget’s cognitive constructivism was adopted as the theoretical framework for the study. Five narratives were purposively selected because of their relevance to the study. The narratives were subjected to critical analyses. The face of anthropomorphism is revealed as a rhetorical tool through personification and metaphoric expressions. Anthropomorphism in children’s narratives serves as an attention grabber and a means of giving concrete information on learning through cognitive constructivism which is effective through a literature-based learning experience. In juvenile literature, anthropomorphism is used in building a relational attitude between the young readers and the fictional characters in the text for subtle facilitation of knowledge.
39
Fumagalli, Maria Cristina. "“Not walled facts, their essence”: Derek Walcott’s Tiepolo’s Hound and Camille Pissarro." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 55, no. 3 (October 31, 2018): 421–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989418803656.
Full textAbstract:
Life writing — a genre which goes beyond traditional biography, includes both fact and fiction, and is concerned with either entire lives or days-in-the-lives of individuals, communities, objects, or institutions — has always played an important role in Derek Walcott’s work. This body of work reaches from Another Life (1973),Walcott’s autobiography in verse, to his last play O Starry Starry Night (2014), where he re-imagines Paul Gauguin and Vincent Van Gogh’s (often tempestuous) cohabitation in the so-called “Yellow House” in 1888 Arles. In Tiepolo’s Hound (2000), Walcott’s life rhymes with that of the Impressionist painter Jacob Camille Pissarro, who was born in the Caribbean island of St Thomas in 1830. In this work, biographical and autobiographical impulses, fact and fiction, are productively combined, as “creation” (what “might have happened”) shapes Walcott’s life writing as much as “recreation” (what “actually” happened). Walcott’s Pissarro is an individual immersed in a set of historical networks. He is also a figure at the centre of a web of imagined relations which illuminate the predicament of present and past artists in the Caribbean region and the ways in which they articulate their vision vis-à-vis the metropolitan centre, their relationship with their social and natural environment, and their individual and collective identity. Tiepolo’s Hound is enriched by the inclusion of 26 of Walcott’s own paintings which engage in conversation with the poet’s words and add complexity to his meditation on the nature and purpose of (re)writing and (re)creating lives. Extending the catholicity of life writing to animals, in this case dogs and, in particular, mongrels, Tiepolo’s Hound also entails a careful, if counterintuitive, evaluation of anonymity.
40
Conte, Alessandro, and Elena Addison. "Management of severe stifle trauma: 2. Periarticular fractures." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 21, no. 7 (June 25, 2019): 633–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x19856180.
Full textAbstract:
Practical relevance: Periarticular stifle fractures are uncommon but challenging injuries to treat. There may be concurrent damage to the ligaments and stabilising structures of the stifle joint itself, which should also be evaluated (see Part 1 of this article series). Improved knowledge of the fixation options and biomechanical challenges of these injuries will aid clinical decision-making and effective repair. Clinical challenges: Due to their nature, periarticular fractures may have small juxta-articular fragments, which require additional thought to address during stabilisation. In juvenile animals, these fractures typically involve the physis and often can be managed with cross pin fixation. In adult cats, locking fixation, specialised plates or external skeletal fixators can be utilised to address the juxta-articular fragments. Readers should also be aware of patellar fracture and dental anomaly syndrome (PADS), where cats develop insufficiency fractures affecting the patella and proximal tibia. A careful oral examination should be performed in affected patients, as these cats may have persistent deciduous teeth. Close attention should be paid to preoperative radiographs for evidence of chronicity of the injury including sclerosis of the patella, remodelling and blunting of the fracture lines. Aims: The aims of the article are to review the current literature surrounding periarticular fractures of the stifle joint and to summarise the diagnosis, treatment, outcome and complications of each fracture type. As well as discussing general fracture fixation and biomechanical principles applicable to both dogs and cats, information is provided on specific issues facing cats, such as PADS. Evidence base: Published data is limited, with reports including only a small number of cats. The information and recommendations in this article have therefore been drawn from a combination of the available literature and the authors’ clinical experience.
41
Davis, Karen M., Adam M. Partin, Gordon M. Burghardt, Cary M. Springer, and Julia D. Albright. "A Descriptive Methodology for Studying the Ontogeny of Object Play and Breed Differences in Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris)." Animals 13, no. 8 (April 17, 2023): 1371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13081371.
Full textAbstract:
Play behavior is a prominent aspect of juvenile behavior for many animals, yet early development, especially play with objects, has received little attention. Our previous study on object play introduced our general methods, focusing on litter differences in the developmental trajectory of object play and toy preferences. Here, we present a detailed ethogram of more than 30 observed object play behaviors. We focus on breed differences in the development of play in the three following breeds: Welsh Terriers, Vizslas, and standard Poodles. Puppies were video recorded from 3 to 7 weeks of age at half-week intervals upon the introduction of a standard set of five toys into their home environments. Ten minutes of video from each session for each puppy were analyzed using the Noldus Observer XT program. Aside from analyzing individual behaviors, they were also grouped into three behavioral categories. These were behaviors that occurred only in a solitary context, only in a social context, or in both contexts. Solitary object play developed first, and social object play developed later across breeds. There was a significant three-way interaction between breed, developmental age, and the context in which play occurred. Pairwise comparisons within each breed, age, and context are discussed, but a prominent result is that the onset of many behaviors occurred later in Welsh Terriers compared to the other breeds.
42
Barberena, Ricardo Araújo. "A hipercontemporaneidade ensanguentada em Ana Paula Maia." Letras de Hoje 51, no. 4 (December 31, 2016): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-7726.2016.4.26163.
Full textAbstract:
A trilogia de Ana Paula Maia, composta por Entre rinhas de cachorros e porcos abatidos, O trabalho sujo dos outros e Carvão animal, descreve cruelmente um grupo de personagens, situados num espaço caracterizado pela subalternidade, humilhação e exclusão social. Através de uma escritura pulp, Ana Paula Maia apresenta uma série de imagens abjetas que tematizam uma polpa de sangue, bichos, violência e esgoto. Alijados do status quo, esses habitantes dos subterrâneos da nossa sociedade, enquanto seres-refugo, desperdiçam as suas vidas fazendo o trabalho sujo para-os-outros. Brutalizadas e coisificadas, essas identidades marginais divertem-se pendurando porcos em ganchos ou contemplando os cães dilacerando-se. Esses homens-de-rinha esperam, sob um calor sufocante do subúrbio, a parte carnosa do real que está urdida sob a égide do resto mutilado do cotidiano: os pedaços dos corpos, dos porcos, dos cães, das esperanças.********************************************************************Bloodstained hyper contemporaneity in Ana Paula MaiaAbstract: The trilogy of Ana Paula Maia, composed of Entre rinhas de cachorros e porcos abatidos, O trabalho sujo dos outros and Carvão animal describes a group of characters set in a space characterized by subordination, humiliation and social exclusion. Through pulp writing, Ana Paula Maia presents a series of abject images whose theme a pulp of blood, animals, violence and sewage. Priced out of the status quo, these inhabitants of the society underground, living as scrap, waste their lives doing the dirty work for others. Brutalized and objectified, these marginal identities have fun hanging pigs in hooks or contemplating dogs tearing each other up. These men – of – baiting expect, under a sweltering suburb, the fleshy part of real that is woven under the aegis of mangled rest of the everyday: the pieces of bodies, pigs, dogs, hopes.Keywords: Contemporary literature; Hyper contemporaneity; Pulp fiction; Identity
43
Joo, Soohyung, Erin Ingram, and Maria Cahill. "Exploring Topics and Genres in Storytime Books: A Text Mining Approach." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 16, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip29963.
Full textAbstract:
Objective – While storytime programs for preschool children are offered in nearly all public libraries in the United States, little is known about the books librarians use in these programs. This study employed text analysis to explore topics and genres of books recommended for public library storytime programs. Methods – In the study, the researchers randomly selected 429 children books recommended for preschool storytime programs. Two corpuses of text were extracted from the titles, abstracts, and subject terms from bibliographic data. Multiple text mining methods were employed to investigate the content of the selected books, including term frequency, bi-gram analysis, topic modeling, and sentiment analysis. Results – The findings revealed popular topics in storytime books, including animals/creatures, color, alphabet, nature, movements, families, friends, and others. The analysis of bibliographic data described various genres and formats of storytime books, such as juvenile fiction, rhymes, board books, pictorial work, poetry, folklore, and nonfiction. Sentiment analysis results reveal that storytime books included a variety of words representing various dimensions of sentiment. Conclusion – The findings suggested that books recommended for storytime programs are centered around topics of interest to children that also support school readiness. In addition to selecting fictionalized stories that will support children in developing the academic concepts and socio-emotional skills necessary for later success, librarians should also be mindful of integrating informational texts into storytime programs.
44
Sablin, M. V., and K. Yu Iltsevich. "Remains of large mammals from the Epigravettian site of Yudinovo." Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 325, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2021.325.1.71.
Full textAbstract:
The Epigravettian site of Yudinovo (Bryansk oblast, Russia) was discovered in 1930 by K.M. Polikarpovich. It is located in the Sudost’ river valley and has a unique stratigraphy. This article presents the results of the study of the remains of large mammals from Yudinovo and also discusses their significance in revising the former interpretation of the existence of the site during the very end of the final part of the Late Pleistocene. In total, 38 268 mammalian bones were identified from cultural layers excavated between 1947–2019. The faunal assemblage is relatively small with a dominance of woolly mammoth and arctic fox, typical of a cold and dry tundra-steppe environment. We undertook stable isotopic tracking from samples of bones. Our analyses confirm the hunting of both adult and juvenile larger mammals by ancient humans. Based on the eruption sequence and wear of the milk teeth from young animals, we were able to clarify the season of their death. It seems that these individuals were hunted during the late spring or early autumn. Traces of gnawing by dogs were recorded on a few bones. We also present in this article the results of the study of so-called “dwellings”, constructed by stacking up body parts and bones that were extracted from carcasses of freshly killed mammoths. We interpret these structures as middens representing the remains of ritually deposited hunted game. It can be assumed that these “dwellings” were probably an important part of the socio-symbolic system of the peoples, who created them.
45
Sertakova, A. V., V. Yu Ulyanov, and E. A. Magomedrasulova. "Experimental animal models of osteonecrosis." Genij Ortopedii 29, no. 1 (February 2023): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2023-29-1-110-116.
Full textAbstract:
The objective was to analyze experimental animal models of osteonecrosis (ON) using the femoral head, show advantages and disadvantages, capacity to translate the findings for adult and pediatric orthopaedics, potential model modifications for orthopaedic and rheumatology research. Material and methods The original literature search was conducted on key resources including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, E-library, and the Springer databank. Literature searches included Russian, English, and Italian studies. The research covered studies of 1980 to 2021 and included important landmarks of laboratory experiments with animal models. Results and discussion Although there was no ON model with ideal conditions found for it, the choice of a model could be based on the researcher’s goal reproducing ON as a type of “osteochondropathy” to explore the results applicable to pediatric orthopaedics or classical ON in adults. Animals with long-term open growth plates, intensive blood circulation in the bone and rapid regeneration being characteristic of juvenile models of rats, rabbits and pigs could be appropriate for the experiment. Dogs, sheep, pigs and emus, in particular, were practical for reproducing ON in adults. Non-traumatic models of ON in adults were reversible and consistent with early stages of the condition. Conclusion The need for ON simulation increased due to progressing orthobiological techniques (PRP‑therapy, BMCs technologies, etc.) in the treatment of ON. Application of orthobiological treatment resulted in heterogeneous, scattered outcomes being statistically unreliable and necessitating the search for optimal animal models and assessment of treatment methods for ON in modern orthopaedics.
46
Palmqvist, Paul, and Alfonso Arribas. "Taphonomic decoding of the paleobiological information locked in a lower Pleistocene assemblage of large mammals." Paleobiology 27, no. 3 (2001): 512–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0094-8373(2001)027<0512:tdotpi>2.0.co;2.
Full textAbstract:
The processes of fossilization have usually been perceived by paleontologists as destructive ones, leading to consecutive (and in most cases irretrievable) losses of paleobiological information. However, recent developments of conceptual issues and methodological approaches have revealed that the decrease in paleobiological information runs parallel to the gain of taphonomic information. This taphonomic imprinting often makes it possible to decode the fraction of paleobiological information that was lost during fossilization, and may also contribute new data for deciphering paleobiological information that was not originally preserved in the assemblage, such as paleoethology. A good example is the study of the macrovertebrate assemblage from the lower Pleistocene site at Venta Micena (Orce, southeastern Spain). Taphonomic analysis showed that the giant, short-faced hyenas (Pachycrocuta brevirostris) selectively transported ungulate carcasses and body parts to their maternity dens as a function of the mass of the ungulates scavenged. The fracturing of major limb bones in the dens was also highly selective, correlating with marrow content and mineral density. Important differences in bone-cracking intensity were related to which species the bones came from, which in turn biased the composition of the bone assemblage. The analysis of mortality patterns deduced for ungulate species from juvenile/adult proportions revealed that most skeletal remains were scavenged by the hyenas from carcasses of animals hunted by hypercarnivores, such as saber-tooths and wild dogs. Analytical study of the Venta Micena assemblage has unlocked paleobiological information that was lost during its taphonomic history, and has even provided paleobiological information that was not preserved in the original bone assemblage, such as the paleoethology of P. brevirostris, which differed substantially from modern hyenas in being a strict scavenger of the prey hunted by other carnivores.
47
Peranteau, William H., Yuchen Gu, Susan Volk, Laura M. Tuschong, Thomas R. Bauer, Andrea Badillo, Adam Kaye, Mark P. Johnson, Dennis D. Hickstein, and Alan W. Flake. "In Utero Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Using Haploidentical Parental Donors Reverses the Lethal Phenotype in Dogs with Canine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.624.624.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Juvenile dogs with the genetic disease leukocyte adhesion deficiency or CLAD, like children with leukocyte adhesion deficiency or LAD, experience recurrent life threatening bacterial infections due to the inability of leukocytes to migrate to sites of infection. Both CLAD and LAD result from defects in the leukocyte integrin CD18 molecule. We have used the CLAD model to develop new therapeutic approaches to children with LAD. Previous studies demonstrate that low levels of donor chimerism following matched littermate transplant reverses the disease phenotype in CLAD. However, most children with LAD lack a matched sibling donor. In utero hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (IUHCT) has been shown to result in low levels of allogeneic chimerism in the normal mouse model. In the current study we evaluate IUHCT in the CLAD model using a haploidentical paternal donor. A previously transplanted CLAD female was mated with a paternal CLAD carrier. IUHCT was performed at gestational day 50 by ultrasound guided intraperitoneal injection of 1.7E+08 paternal CD34+ enriched BM cells/kg estimated fetal weight reconstituted with nonenriched paternal BM to provide 2.4% CD3+ cells. Seven fetuses were injected. One pup was still born and one died on day 2 from maternal neglect. Flow cytometry for CD18 expression in PB, spleen, liver, thymus and BM from the two deceased pups confirmed the diagnosis of CLAD with donor cell engraftment (PB:1.3–3%, spleen:3.5–4%, liver:3.4–4.2%, thymus:1.7–4.4%, BM:3.3–21.3%). Histology demonstrated no evidence of GVHD. Of the 5 surviving pups, 3 are CLAD carriers (Louie, Miles, Ella) and 2 are CLAD offspring (Billie, Duke). Currently all 5 pups are alive at 5 months of age. Engraftment analysis in those in which it is possible by CD18 expression (Billie and Duke) or the presence of the Y chromosome (Billie and Ella) demonstrates donor cells in all analyzable pups at 5 months. The PB levels of CD18+ donor cells in CLAD offspring are low but stable and contribute to multiple lineages (Fig 1A). Clinically, Billie and Duke are alive and active at 5 months compared to historical controls with 4 and 6 month mortalities of 75% and 100%. Both have had mild leukocytosis (Billie:17.6–23.8K/uL, 21.4K/uL @ 5 months; Duke:23.4–39.5K/uL, 23.8K/uL @ 5 months) compared to historical CLAD controls of 50–100K/uL. Billie has had no clinical episodes consistent with the CLAD phenotype. Duke has experienced five CLAD phenotypic episodes which have resolved without the need for intensive care (Fig 1B). There was no evidence of GVHD in any injected animals. This study highlights the ability to safely achieve levels of haploidentical donor CD18+ leukocytes following IUHCT which markedly improve the lethal disease phenotype in a disease-specific large-animal model of a human genetic disease. It supports the potential therapeutic value of IUHCT for diseases, such as LAD, which can be successfully treated with low levels of hematopoietic chimerism. Figure Figure
48
Mesquita, Luciane Dos Reis, Leonardo Augusto Lopes Muzzi, Amália Turner Giannico, Ruthnéa Aparecida Lázaro Muzzi, Juliana Fonseca Monteiro, and Paula Desjardins Brienza. "Proximal Tibial Epiphysiodesis in a Growing Dog." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 44, no. 1 (January 16, 2016): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.84520.
Full textAbstract:
Background: It is believed that the inclined tibial plateau angle to be a major cause of cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture, and the treatment of this disease is the tibial plateau leveling for decrease the cranial tibial thrust. However, there are breeds predisposed to rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament and in this patterns breed the tibial plateau is more inclined due to the conformation of the limb. The aim of this communication was to evaluate the effectiveness of the locking screw and cauterizing the growth plate of the tibial plateau as a preventive method of cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Case: In a young dog, one stifle joint randomly chosen for placing a screw in order to block the tibial plateau growth line. There was placed a 3.5 mm x 20 mm cancellous bone screw in the dorsocranial surface of the tibial plateau of the left hindlimb. Two months after the first surgical intervention, the contralateral limb was cauterized in the tibial plateau growth line. Electrocauterization was performed with a spatula electrode set at 60 watts, performing ablation on the cranial third of the tibial plateau physis with access to the medial and lateral surfaces of the proximal tibia. The electrode was placed against the physis for 10 seconds at each site. Both members were followed radiographically to measure the tibial plateau angle and observed the angle reduction. After 30 and 60 days post-surgery, the tibial plateau angle in left hindlimb decreased to 11o and -4o, respectively. However, the decrease plateau tibial angle was intense and severe and the screw was removed of the bone. However, even with the proximal tibial physis still open, withdrawing the screw did not alter the tibial plateau angle, which remained at -4º until the animal reached adulthood. The right left hindlimb was used as a control until the dog was 6 months old, when the tibial plateau angle exhibited a 26°. With the electrocauterization technique the tibial plateau angle decreased to 18° and 16° at 30 and 60 days after surgery, respectively, remaining at this last value until the animal completed its growth. Discussion: In the animals with cranial cruciate ligament rupture is indicate same surgical procedures like tibial plateau leveling osteotomy. In these cases, the recommended tibial plateau angle is aproximattely 5o. This study sought to block the line of growth of the tibial plateau to be reached an angle of approximately 5o. Epiphysiodesis technique with screw was already described for treating CCL rupture in young dogs, and the tibial plateau slope was reduced in all dogs studied. The surgical technique used was effective in blocking the physis; however, we observed that the tibial plateau slope was excessively modified and the screw was removed. This fact is explained by the dog’s immaturity, since the plateau leveling occurs more intensively in very young dogs. In epiphysiodesis using the electrocauterization technique, the same surgical principle of juvenile pubic symphysiodesis for treating coxofemoral dysplasia was used. However, in the current pilot study, it was unable to achieve the desired tibial plateau slope with this technique, possibly due to performing the procedure at an age in which the proximal tibial physis would have limited functional capacity. In this study, there was a reduction in the angle of the tibial plateau in both the techniques. However, further studies should be conducted to in order to confirm the actual effectiveness of both techniques described in this report. Keywords: cranial cruciate ligament, locking screw, electrocauterization, stifle joint
49
Karyakin, I. V., E. G. Nikolenko, and E. P. Shnayder. "Steppe Eagle in the Altai-Sayan Region – research results 2019–2023." Raptors Conservation, no. 2 (2023): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.19074/1814-8654-2023-2-233-241.
Full textAbstract:
According to the Red List of IUCN, Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) is a globally Endangered (EN) species, included in the Red Data Book of Russia and protected throughout the country. Steppe Eagle breeding range in Russia covers semi-desert and steppe areas from Kalmykia in the west to Dauria in the east. The Altai-Sayan Ecoregion (ASER) is key for Steppe Eagle: about half of the entire breeding population of the species in Russia is concentrated here. Therefore, monitoring Altai-Sayan Steppe Eagle breeding groups is very important. In ASER Steppe Egle nests in steppe basins, except for Kuznetsk, including narrow steppe valleys of the Chuya and Katun rivers in Central Altai, as well as in the highlands of Southeastern Altai, partly Tanu-Ola and Western Sayan, including the high-mountain Ukok plateau. The total number of the species nesting in the ASER, considering the foothills of Altai Territory, in 2018 was estimated at 1400–1800 pairs. Currently population does not show a fundamental change, despite various negative and positive dynamics in different ASER breeding groups. By 2022, 756 eagle breeding territories have been identified in the region, which is 47.25% of the estimated species population. About 50% of favorable Steppe Eagle habitats identified during GIS modeling are not covered by survey, although nesting of the species was established in all clusters of modeled habitats during irregular visits. Thus, we know the entire Steppe Eagle breeding range in ASER, including areas where isolated pairs breed in suboptimal conditions. Annual monitoring is carried out in 68 Steppe Eagle breeding territories, which is 9% of the known breeding territories; over a three-year period, 256 breeding territories (33.9%) were monitored, over five years – 312 (41.3%). We regularly monitor breeding groups in the most problematic areas in terms of anthropogenic influence, and in those less impacted by human economic activity: on the left bank of Tes River in the Ubsunur basin, on the Tanu-Ola ridge, in Tuva basin of the Republic of Tyva, in Minusinsk Basin in the Republic of Khakassia and the Krasnoyarsk Territory, on the periphery of the Chui steppe, on the Sailyugem ridge and Ust-Kan basin of the Altai Republic, and in the foothills of Altai within the Altai Territory. Ukok and Southwestern Tyva where main Steppe Eagle breeding groups are less susceptible to anthropogenic factors have not been visited in recent years. Diet analysis showed that Steppe Eagles are quite flexible in managing prey resources and using a wide food range, both typical steppe and intrazonal species, diurnal and nocturnal (the latter are represented mainly by roadkill: Jerboas, Hedgehogs, and other species). In particular, eagles nesting in steppe and highlands above forests have such species as Squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris), Woodpeckers (Picidae sp.), and Bullfinches (Pyrrhula pyrrhula), possibly picked up from roads as well. As eagles most often nest within sight of farms and roads, eagles regularly use them to obtain food, picking up animals that that have died due to various reasons. It increases the threat of poisoning, collision with vehicles, or shooting. Despite the plasticity of Steppe Eagle hunting behaviour, they are closely connected to the mass colonial burrowing rodents (mainly Ground Squirrels Spermophilus sp. and Pikas Ochotona sp.), and high abundance and/or availability of these species in the spring determine both nest occupation and breeding success. If the spring abundance or availability (due to late spring) of basic food items is insufficient, Steppe Eagles do not begin to breed, and in half of the cases leave their breeding territories by mid-summer. Recently we have begun to study Steppe Eagle migration and philopatry not only by ringing, but using transmitters too, in addition to classical monitoring of breeding groups and control of breeding territories occupancy, partner change using photo and video observation of nests, molecular methods, breeding success, productivity, diet. In order to study migrations, 30 Steppe Eagles were tagged with transmitters (Aquila – 22 ind., Druid – 5 ind., Ecotone – 2 ind., GPS-Collars – 1 ind.). Tracking showed that most juvenile birds migrate in the western Circum-Himalayan Corridor, bypassing the high mountains of Central Asia. Only two birds migrated south through Tibet, and both died (one bird crossed the Himalayas but died in Nepal during the winter). Most eagles do not return to natal region in the first year, but wander during their first summer in Kazakhstan, and therefore this country plays a key role in the viability of the Altai-Sayan Steppe Eagle breeding groups. Visits to natal areas are observed from the second to third summer, and during fourth summer eagles begin to select territories and form pairs. Of the five eagles tagged with transmitters (one female and four males) whose home territories were visited during the fourth summer, four males had partners and nest outlines in chosen breeding territories, but only one male bred successfully (female did not have a partner and roamed widely). All eagles returned to their natal region for the summer by sexual maturity and occupied areas no further than 50 km (3, 36, 43 and 50 km) from nests in which they were born. Reproduction of a pair lasts four years on average in control areas, meaning that every four years reproduction is paused for one to four years due to death of one of the partners. It is noteworthy that out of five fledglings tagged with transmitters and returned to the natal region by puberty, not one of them found their parents alive – all parents died during this period and were replaced by young eagles. Over a five-year period, the loss of breeding territories where pairs disbanded was compensated by the formation of new territories by younger birds in almost all control areas. The exception is Sailyugem ridge in the Altai Republic, where anti-plague service carried out the so-called village deratization outside populated areas (on outposts and farms), which led to loss of 30% of nesting pairs in the local Steppe Eagle breeding group due to poisoning with anticoagulants (half of them have not yet recovered). An increase in the Steppe Eagle abundance was noted in Khakassia – by 7.14% between 2011 and 2018, which was initially associated with redistribution of Steppe Eagle breeding pairs to abandoned Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) territories, but recalculation of accounting indicators for all Khakass territories showed the remaining real increase in the species abundance. However, in 2019–2022, this increase was reversed (-3.16% of the 2018 estimate) due to displacement of Steppe Eagles from breeding territories by Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) and the dissolution of some pairs for unknown reasons. In the Republic of Tyva, Steppe Eagle abundance 2008–2018 after a decline due to poisoning with bromadialone in Mongolia in 2001–2002. By 2013, Steppe Eagle abundance in Tyva was estimated at 300–400 breeding pairs (Karyakin, 2013; Nikolenko, Karyakin, 2013), by 2019 – at 311–422 pairs. It was suggested that by 2020 Steppe Eagle would have fully recovered its abundance in Tyva to the 2000 estimate of 373–453 pairs (Karyakin et al., 2018; 2019). However, it did not happen, and the abundance have stabilized at 305–410 pairs. Even though Steppe Eagle began to occupy artificial forest plantations and nest in trees and threat of mortality on power lines in Tyva has been almost completely eliminated in recent years, restoration of the former Steppe Eagle breeding territories has slowed down for a number of reasons: an increase in the number of summer livestock stops in suitable habitats (because of government subsidies), the climate factor (fully feathered nestlings die in thunderstorms with hail, which became regular in July, and excessive moisture leads to intense vegetation, making prey and fledglings die of hunger), local residents killing eagles on purpose (shooting at nests) or accidentally (death under car wheels), and predation by herding dogs. At the same time, Steppe Eagle abundance has remained stable in the highlands of Tanu-Ola during these years. Despite a certain influence of local negative factors on the Altai-Sayan Steppe Eagle breeding groups, the main reason for the frequent dissolution of pairs lies outside the breeding range. We assume that the main contributor to such a short eagle life expectancy is poisoning in wintering grounds. It is already known that Steppe Eagles form aggregations in landfills and cattle burials, where they can accumulate various toxic substances, from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to anticoagulants and heavy metals. But so far chemical contamination of the species has not been studied at all. Another problem for at least some eagles flying to wintering grounds in India is the increasing mortality observed in eagles that were ringed and tagged with transmitters due to avian botulism, which is increasingly occurring on the salt lakes and sores of Northwest India. More than 23,500 birds died from avian botulism in 2019 on the lake Sambar and its vicinity (in Jaipur and Nagaur districts) in Rajasthan (Singh, Sen, 2023). Steppe Eagle fed on bird remains and died as well. This major disaster has received publicity, but eagle death on the smaller scale occurs regularly and is growing every year. Botulism outbreaks are likely to become more frequent as climate change alters wetland conditions in favor of the pathogen, as seen in large salt water bodies of Kutch in Gujarat and Sambar in Rajasthan. If the situation does not change, these areas may become “ecological traps” for Steppe Eagle. Considering the enormous mortality of adult birds, which occurs mainly outside of the ASER, it is necessary to understand its causes. Since we assume the leading role of poisoning in Steppe Eagle mortality, further studies of chemical contamination of birds and clarification of their immune status regarding botulism is urgently needed.
50
Campbell, Sandy. "The Sea Wolves by I. McAllister." Deakin Review of Children's Literature 1, no. 3 (January 9, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.20361/g2hs3c.
Full textAbstract:
McAllister, Ian, and Nicholas Read. The Sea Wolves: Living Wild in the Great Bear Rainforest. Vancouver: Orca, 2010. Print At first glance, The Sea Wolves is a small coffee table book. It is not, however, just a pretty photographic exploration of the wolves that inhabit The Great Bear Rainforest. It is a very long opinion piece written expressly to convince readers that wolves are not “the big bad wolf” of stories; rather, we should all love and respect them. Authors Ian McAllister, a founding director of both the Raincoast Conservation Society and Pacific Wild, and Nicholas Read, a journalist, pull no punches in their attempt to sway the reader. While the book does present facts about the wolves and their environment, many of them likely accurate, the authors make sweeping statements and claims which they require the reader to accept at face value. For example, though the authors state that there is “a great deal of evidence to suggest that over-fishing, fish farms and climate change have all played a role in [the wolves’] decline,” this statement does not direct the reader to any evidence. Part of the purpose of the book is to educate the reader about the wolves; however, it is also clearly designed to manipulate the readers’ emotions. The authors attempt to get the reader to identify with the wolves through anthropomorphizing the animals and by drawing extensive parallels between the lives of wolves and the lives of people. For example, they state that the reason that wolves save the “tastiest deer” for their young pups “could be because, just as in human families, wolf families like to spoil their babies.” Furthermore, throughout the book, the authors choose emotionally-laden words and images, stating, for example, that wolves “have been persecuted by humans, with a kind of madness,” or that they “romp on the beach in the ocean foam that burbles off the waves like bubble bath.” Each interpretation of the wolves’ behaviour seems designed to achieve the desired effect of garnering sympathy for the creatures. While there is nothing wrong with writing a polemic against the dangers to wolves and their environment, this book is presented by the publisher as juvenile non-fiction for ages 8 and up. Children in upper elementary or even junior high school grades may have difficulty distinguishing between facts and strongly-worded opinions presented in a book labelled as non-fiction. Recommended: Three stars out of fourReviewer: Sandy CampbellSandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines. Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give.