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Journal articles on the topic 'Juvenile subcultures'
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1
Wang, Yin, and Ruiling Yao. "Optimization of rhizogenesis for in vitro shoot culture of Pinus massoniana Lamb." Journal of Forestry Research 32, no. 1 (December 16, 2019): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01076-8.
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AbstractThe rooting capacity of Pinusmassoniana is poor, especially for mature trees, and has prevented the development of clonal forestry for P.massoniana. In this study, we varied explant types, subculture times and exogenous hormones for plantlet regeneration and assessed shoots for rooting rate and root number for P.massoniana. Following five repetitive grafts, new shoots from grafts used as explant sources were rejuvenated as observed from juvenile shoot morphology and anatomy, leading to greatly enhanced plant regeneration in comparison to that of mature materials from 26-year-old P.massoniana trees. The rooting capacity of subcultured shoots increased with successive subcultures, reaching a peak at 20 subcultures with 35–40 days per subculture. However, rooting performance was significantly reduced after 30 subcultures. The addition of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) plus indoleacetic acid in the medium improved the root number, but the combination of exogenous NAA with paclobutrazol (PBZ) increased rooting rate and root number. We thus greatly improved the rooting capacity of mature P.massoniana trees by optimizing explant types (rejuvenated), subculture times (20 subcultures, 35–40 days per subculture) and addition of NAA + PBZ to the rooting medium. The conditions can be used for efficient plantlet regeneration of P.massoniana.
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FINCKENAUER, JAMES O., and LINDA KELLY. "Juvenile Delinquency and Youth Subcultures in the Former Soviet Union." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 16, no. 1-2 (January 1992): 247–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01924036.1992.9688996.
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Jähner, Uli. "No Gangs – Gangs No." PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 28, no. 110 (March 1, 1998): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v28i110.859.
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During the last two decades growing social tensions had a large impact on youth culture. The spreaded notion of gangs shows increasing gangfascination but in contrast to US american cities in Berlin youth violence is not embedded in the patterns of a criminal economy. The distribution of juvenile delinquents and juvenile violence in town is analysed and a new social pathology of violence, which is transgressing the rivaling subcultures, is sketched: bluring the difference between earnest and game.
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Morrison, Sharon, John M. Smagula, and Walter Litten. "Morphology, Growth, and Rhizome Development of Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. Seedlings, Rooted Softwood Cuttings, and Micropropagated Plantlets." HortScience 35, no. 4 (July 2000): 738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.4.738.
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For accelerating the filling in of bare areas in native lowbush blueberry fields or converting new areas to production, micropropagated plantlets rooted after three subcultures outperformed seedlings and rooted softwood cuttings. After 2 years of field growth, they averaged 20.3 rhizomes each of average dry weight 3.5 g, as compared with 5.7 rhizomes of average dry weight 1.1 g for rooted softwood cuttings. After 1 year of field growth, seedlings produced on average 3.3 vs. 0.4 rhizomes from micropropagated plants that had not been subcultured and 0.3 rhizomes from stem cuttings. Apparently, subculturing on cytokinin-rich media induces the juvenile branching characteristic that provides micropropagated plants with the desirable morphologies and growth habits of seedlings. These characteristics favor rhizome production while the benefits of asexual reproduction are retained. The advantage in rhizome production of micropropagation over stem cuttings varied among clones.
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Perrin, Y., L. Lardet, F. Enjalric, and M. P. Carron. "Rajeunissement de clones matures d'Hevea brasiliensis (Müll. Arg.) par microgreffage in vitro." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 74, no. 3 (July 1, 1994): 623–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps94-112.
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In vitro micrografting of apices of two mature genotypes of Hevea brasiliensis (Müll. Arg.), IRCA 18 and PB 235, on 3-wk-old seedlings grown in vitro permitted successfull in vitro micro-cutting of these two genotypes. Microcutting of micrografted material was impossible from nodal explants or shoot tips of scions developed in vitro on rootstocks. Such explants were incapable of caulogenesis activity after their isolation. This problem was resolved using mixed explants, each consisting of a part of the rootstock in contact with the culture medium, and of the clonal scion from which axillary shoots are developed regularly along the subcultures. Budding and shoot elongation abilities along the subcultures have been compared between mixed explants from micrografts, nodal explants from juvenile material and nodal explants from non-micrografted mature genotypes. The results show a very positive effect of micrografting on the in vitro caulogenesis ability in both genotypes. Moreover, shoots produced by mixed explants from micrografts exhibit the same rooting ability as shoots produced by explants collected on juvenile material. Key words: Rejuvenation, Hevea brasiliensis, in vitro micrografting, micropropagation, in vitro microcutting
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Rosenbaum, Jill Leslie, and Lorraine Prinsky. "The Presumption of Influence: Recent Responses to Popular Music Subcultures." Crime & Delinquency 37, no. 4 (October 1991): 528–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128791037004007.
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This article focuses on the juvenile justice system in California and outlines approaches currently taken in response to teenagers who are part of the “punk” and “heavy metal” subculture. Data were collected from hospitals that have adolescent care programs. When these hospitals were given a hypothetical situation in which the parents' main problem with their child was the music he or she listened to, the clothes he or she wore, and the posters on his or her bedroom wall, 83% of the facilities believed the youth needed hospitalization. These findings were placed within a labeling framework in order to understand the effect of these policies.
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Tetsumura, Takuya, and Hisajiro Yukinaga. "Comparative Rooting of Shoot Tips of Four Japanese Persimmon Cultivars vs. Shoots Regenerated from Roots Cultured In Vitro." HortScience 35, no. 5 (August 2000): 940–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.5.940.
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When cultured in vitro, roots of four Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) cultivars formed adventitious shoots on MS medium with 10 μm zeatin and 0.01 μm indole-3-acetic acid, although their organogenetic capacities varied. Histological study revealed that the origin of the adventitious shoots was the pericycle. The regenerated shoots grew well on the shoot proliferation medium (MS with 5 μm zeatin). Final rooting percentages of shoots regenerated from roots of three of the four cultivars were greater than those of shoots that originated from shoot tips and that had been subcultured >50 times. Shoots regenerated from `Jiro' roots rooted 10 days earlier, had more roots than those from shoot tips, and maintained higher rooting ability over ten subcultures. Rooted `Hiratanenashi' shoots regenerated from roots survived better after acclimatization than those from shoot tips. No obvious variants were observed either in vitro or in the field. The trees regenerated from roots flowered within 4 years. These findings suggest that partial rather than true rejuvenation was responsible for both the early flowering and the juvenile characteristics, i.e., the enhanced rooting ability, observed in the regenerated plants. Chemical name used: 6-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enylamino) purine (zeatin).
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Dolcet-Sanjuan, Ramon, Elisabet Claveria, Robert Gruselle, Adreas Meier-Dinkel, Christian Jay-Allemand, and Thomas Gaspar. "Practical Factors Controlling in vitro Adventitious Root Formation from Walnut Shoot Microcuttings." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 129, no. 2 (March 2004): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.129.2.0198.
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Various factors were found to influence the in vitro induction and elongation of adventitious roots from walnut shoot microcuttings. Diverse walnut genotypes (Juglans regia, J. nigra × J. regia hybrids) and selected elite J. regia clones were micropropagated throughout the establishment of in vitro shoot-tip cultures. New evidence is presented here that demonstrates the importance of the genotype and juvenility of the plant material on the in vitro rooting ability. Selection of the best adapted genotypes to multiplication and rooting, and rejuvenation of mature clones through repetitive subcultures or micrografting were examined. Adult J. regia clones were rejuvenated through subsequent subcultures and their rooting was consequently improved. The same results were not accomplished by micrografting on juvenile shoots. A differential response to auxin type and concentration was observed for Juglans regia or J. nigra × J. regia clones. A short prerooting culture in multiplication medium, lowering the sucrose concentration in the root elongation medium and increasing the atmospheric carbon dioxide during the root elongation phase affected the number of shoots forming roots as well as the quality of plantlets and roots.
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Neri, Davide, Tonino Cioccolanti, Giuseppe Zuccherelli, Oriano Navacchi, Veronica Giorgi, and Enrico Maria Lodolini. "Micropropagation Effects on Juvenile Traits, Flower Differentiation, and Tree Architecture in Young Olive Trees." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (November 9, 2020): 1742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111742.
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Olive micropropagation is nowadays possible but knowing if it induces juvenile traits and how juvenility, vigor and fruit productivity are affected is pivotal. Three trials were carried out during micropropagation and afterwards in the field. Three varieties were characterized during multiplication in vitro, after several subcultures. ‘Arbequina’ revealed higher shoot miniaturization than ‘Coratina’ and ‘Frantoio’, and likely-juvenile shoots with three or four leaves per node. The ‘Arbequina’ trees obtained from two- and three-leaves-per-node in vitro plantlets were compared to cuttings in the field. Two years after planting, flower-differentiated shoots were found in the apical part of the canopy in all tested trees while in this position the ramification was more intense on three-leaves-per-node trees. Architecture of ‘Arbequina’ trees from micropropagation and cuttings was finally characterized in a high-density commercial grove. Micropropagated trees showed a well distributed and deep root system, a regular conical shape of the canopy, a higher number of primary branches, and a reproductive ability equivalent to cuttings. In conclusion, some juvenile traits and vigor may appear in vitro and last after ex vitro acclimation, but no more than two years in the field.
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Guemureman, Silvia. "Ni bandas ni pandillas: la miopía de las teorías de las subculturas para explicar la violencia juvenil." Revista Temas Sociológicos, no. 11 (January 23, 2017): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07194145.11.207.
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ResumenEn este artículo propongo, a partir del estudio de dos casos actuales y recientes de violencia juvenil protagonizados por jóvenes de Argentina, demostrar que las teorías de las subculturas, desde el modo en que nominan al problema, son insuficientes para dar cuenta del fenómeno de la violencia expresada por adolescentes y jóvenes. Esto estaría denotando otros móviles de carácter más estructural, que atraviesan transversalmente a todos los sectores sociales. De allí que sea necesario buscar otras explicaciones para dar cuenta de un fenómeno tan preocupante, que no sólo interpela al sistema penal sino a la sociedad entera en búsqueda de respuestas activas. La “siempre lista” alternativa de endurecer el sistema penal no soluciona el problema sino que lo profundiza, ya que recae sobre los segmentos socialmente más débiles y no aborda el tema central de la violencia estructural y el malestar en la cultura.Palabras clave: Violencia juvenil, sistema penal, subculturas, adolescentes y jóvenes, violencia estructural, malestar.AbstractFrom the study of two current and recent cases of youth violence in Argentina, in this article I intend to demonstrate that subculture theories, as they nominate the problem, are insufficient to report on the violence phenomenon expressed by adolescents and young adults. This may be denoting other more structural mobiles that crosses in a transversal way all the other social sectors. Taking this into consideration, it is necessary to search other explanations to report on such a worrying phenomenon, that not only appeals to the Penal System but to the hole society in search for active answers. The “always ready” alternative of harding the Penal System does not solve the problem but makes it deeper, since it affects the weakest social segments and does not deal with the structural violence as the central subjetc and Civilization and Its Discontents.Key words: Youth violence, Penal System, Subcultures, Adolescents and young adults, Structural violence, discontent.
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Guemureman, Silvia. "Ni bandas ni pandillas: la miopía de las teorías de las subculturas para explicar la violencia juvenil." Revista Temas Sociológicos, no. 11 (January 23, 2017): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07196458.11.207.
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ResumenEn este artículo propongo, a partir del estudio de dos casos actuales y recientes de violencia juvenil protagonizados por jóvenes de Argentina, demostrar que las teorías de las subculturas, desde el modo en que nominan al problema, son insuficientes para dar cuenta del fenómeno de la violencia expresada por adolescentes y jóvenes. Esto estaría denotando otros móviles de carácter más estructural, que atraviesan transversalmente a todos los sectores sociales. De allí que sea necesario buscar otras explicaciones para dar cuenta de un fenómeno tan preocupante, que no sólo interpela al sistema penal sino a la sociedad entera en búsqueda de respuestas activas. La “siempre lista” alternativa de endurecer el sistema penal no soluciona el problema sino que lo profundiza, ya que recae sobre los segmentos socialmente más débiles y no aborda el tema central de la violencia estructural y el malestar en la cultura.Palabras clave: Violencia juvenil, sistema penal, subculturas, adolescentes y jóvenes, violencia estructural, malestar.AbstractFrom the study of two current and recent cases of youth violence in Argentina, in this article I intend to demonstrate that subculture theories, as they nominate the problem, are insufficient to report on the violence phenomenon expressed by adolescents and young adults. This may be denoting other more structural mobiles that crosses in a transversal way all the other social sectors. Taking this into consideration, it is necessary to search other explanations to report on such a worrying phenomenon, that not only appeals to the Penal System but to the hole society in search for active answers. The “always ready” alternative of harding the Penal System does not solve the problem but makes it deeper, since it affects the weakest social segments and does not deal with the structural violence as the central subjetc and Civilization and Its Discontents.Key words: Youth violence, Penal System, Subcultures, Adolescents and young adults, Structural violence, discontent.
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Sandoval M, Mario. "Sub-culturas en la Escuela: Análisis de sus contenidos y relaciones." Revista Temas Sociológicos, no. 12 (January 23, 2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07194145.12.217.
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ResumenEl artículo que se presenta a continuación da cuenta de las complejas relaciones entre escuela, subculturas y juventud. En esta tríada se conjuga un conjunto de aspectos que hacen referencia a los procesos pedagógicos, a la función docente y a las clásicas funciones que cumple la escuela, a saber, la certificación del conocimiento, la función educativa propiamente tal y la función de socialización. En síntesis, se plantea que de no haber un reconocimiento explícito de las subculturas juveniles al interior de los espacios escolares no se podrá desarrollar un proceso pedagógico en toda su potencialidad.Palabras clave: jóvenes, estudiantes, culturaAbstractThe present article accounts for the complex relationships between school, subcultures and youth. In this triad, a set of aspects combined make reference to pedagogical processes, teacher’s role and the typical functions that the school performs; namely, the certification of knowledge, the educational function as such, and the role of socialization. In a nutshell, it is considered that, without having an explicit recognition of the youthful subcultures within the school premises, a full and powerful pedagogical process will hardly take place.Key words: young people, students, culture
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Sandoval M, Mario. "Sub-culturas en la Escuela: Análisis de sus contenidos y relaciones." Revista Temas Sociológicos, no. 12 (January 23, 2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07196458.12.217.
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ResumenEl artículo que se presenta a continuación da cuenta de las complejas relaciones entre escuela, subculturas y juventud. En esta tríada se conjuga un conjunto de aspectos que hacen referencia a los procesos pedagógicos, a la función docente y a las clásicas funciones que cumple la escuela, a saber, la certificación del conocimiento, la función educativa propiamente tal y la función de socialización. En síntesis, se plantea que de no haber un reconocimiento explícito de las subculturas juveniles al interior de los espacios escolares no se podrá desarrollar un proceso pedagógico en toda su potencialidad.Palabras clave: jóvenes, estudiantes, culturaAbstractThe present article accounts for the complex relationships between school, subcultures and youth. In this triad, a set of aspects combined make reference to pedagogical processes, teacher’s role and the typical functions that the school performs; namely, the certification of knowledge, the educational function as such, and the role of socialization. In a nutshell, it is considered that, without having an explicit recognition of the youthful subcultures within the school premises, a full and powerful pedagogical process will hardly take place.Key words: young people, students, culture
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Tsankov, Nikolay, and Veska Guyviiska. "SOCIOLINGUISTIC CONOTATION OF THE TERM “CHIMERICAL GROUPS” IN SCHOOL / MOKYKLINIŲ „CHIMERŲ GRUPIŲ“ SOCIOLINGVISTINĖ KONOTACIJA." SPECIALUSIS UGDYMAS / SPECIAL EDUCATION 1, no. 36 (December 29, 2017): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.21277/se.v1i36.279.
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<p>Chimerical groups at school are a new pedagogical reality observed in the behavior of communities prone to deviant activities. The different interpretations link these communities to difficult children, youth subcultures, and street gangs while chimerical groups are a possible conceptual projection on them. We are attempting at a sociolinguistic reading of the term “chimeric group at school” as a community off children and adolescents with deviant behavior but not juvenile offenders, which makes us face legal terms and delinquent behavior. A chimerical group of dealers, pimps, prostitutes and other subjects with deviant behavior at school imitates the behavior of criminal groups in society, borrowing mechanisms and means and also creating their own ones through social networks. The studying of the sociolinguistic connotations of the term “chimeric group” allows the estimation of the preparedness of the pedagogical community to adequately perceive this phenomenon and deal with it accordingly. </p><p>veiksmus, elgsenai. Skirtingos interpretacijos sieja šias bendruomenes su problemiškais vaikais, jaunimo subkultūromis, gatvės grupuotėmis – „chimerų grupės“ galimai yra konceptuali jų projekcija. Bandoma perskaityti mokyklinės „chimerų grupės“ kaip deviantiniu elgesiu pasižyminčių, tačiau ne nusikaltėlių, vaikų ir paauglių bendruomenės pavadinimą sociolingvistiniu požiūriu; tokiu atveju susiduriama su teisiniais terminais ir nusikalstamu elgesiu. „Chimerų grupių“ nariai, pasižymintys deviantiniu elgesiu, mokyklose imituoja kriminalinių grupių elgseną, skolindamiesi pastarųjų elgsenos mechanizmus ir priemones bei sukurdami savitą elgseną, pasitelkę socialinius tinklus. Termino „chimerų grupė“ sociolingvistinių konotacijų tyrimas sudaro galimybę įvertinti pedagoginės bendruomenės pasirengimą adekvačiai suvokti šį reiškinį ir atitinkamai jį valdyti. </p><p> </p>
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Islam, Md Saiful, and Kazuhiko Shimasaki. "Factors Affecting Bulblet Growth of Lilium sp. - Tracking Ontogenic Development and Bulb Production in vitro." Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology 30, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v30i1.47786.
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Poor growth of bulblet and ontogenic development are the major problems of adventitious bulb production of lilies in vitro through explant culture. Ontogenic development from the juvenile phase to the adult vegetative phase strongly correlates with bulblet growth of lily, and it is important to understand how lily bulblets grow in vitro. This study was at aimed to determining an effective in vitro culture process for lily to track bulblet growth, ontogenic development, and bulb production. In the results, bulblet performance was higher with the increase in the amount of medium; however, bulblet size was not satisfactory and was in the juvenile phase under an inducing condition. The threshold weight at which 100% ontogenic development was about 300 mg. Avoiding depletion of sucrose in the media is the key to achieving desired bulblet growth and ontogenic development in vitro and indicates growth could be sustained by subculture. The circumference of bulblets increases with its weight after subcultured in vitro. Therefore, a threshold circumference of about 3.2 cm in proportion to bulblet fresh weight of 300 - 350 mg may be an indicator of ontogenic development.
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(1): 1-13, 2020 (June)
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Ferreira, Vitor Sérgio. "Ondas, cenas e microculturas juvenis." Plural (São Paulo. Online) 15 (December 1, 2008): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-8099.pcso.2008.75231.
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<p>As microculturas juvenis de hoje não configuram um “nós” do mesmo modo que propunham as tradicionais teorias subculturais, onde a acção dos membros das “subculturas” surgia em relação e em função da colectividade. A fragmentação intricada e reticular das sociabilidades microculturais contemporâneas não permite identificar uma unidade de “grupo”, um nós associativo de que se é membro, mas nós sociativos conexos, fundados em relações concretas com outros pessoalizados, que se estabelecem temporariamente com base em afinidades e afectividades electivas. Destes “nós” os jovens não exigem semelhança mas, sobretudo, reconhecimento da sua diferença, fractalmente partilhada em termos de identificações, experiências e relações sociais. Perceber como se estruturam as práticas de sociabilidade no âmbito destes micro -contextos sociais juvenis e as dimensões de afinidade electiva em torno dos quais são produzidas, é o objectivo primordial deste artigo.</p>
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Feixa Pàmpols, Carles. "Pijos, progres y punks. Hacia una antropología de la juventud urbana." Perifèria. Revista d'investigació i formació en Antropologia 26, no. 1 (June 17, 2021): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/periferia.834.
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El artículo, originalmente publicado en 1989, es un esbozo de antropología de la juventud urbana, campo que el autor ha venido desarrollando desde entonces. Parte de una revisión bibliográfica de las principales aportaciones al estudio de las bandas y subculturas juveniles desde la antropología. Se centra en presentar los resultados de un trabajo de campo realizado en Lleida en 1984-85, focalizado en el análisis de los espacios de ocio nocturno y su vinculación con la emergencia de las llamadas “tribus urbanas”, representadas por las tres etiquetas que aparecen en el título: pijos, progres y punks. La observación participante en las rutas de ocio se combina con entrevistas en profundidad e historias de vida a jóvenes pertenecientes a estas subculturas. En la conclusión se retoma el debate sobre el ocio juvenil, a caballo entre la comercialización y la contestación, un debate que en plena era del coronavirus y del botellón sigue vigente.
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Baka, Lukasz, Romuald Derbis, and Molly Maxfield. "The Anxiety-Buffering Properties of Cultural and Subcultural Worldviews: Terror Management Processes among Juvenile Delinquents." Polish Psychological Bulletin 43, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10059-012-0001-x.
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The Anxiety-Buffering Properties of Cultural and Subcultural Worldviews: Terror Management Processes among Juvenile Delinquents Terror management research indicates that people reminded of mortality strongly affirm values and standards consistent with their cultural worldview and distance themselves from values and standards inconsistent with it. However, limited research has addressed how individuals holding beliefs inconsistent with the dominant worldview cope with death-related anxiety. The present article aims to determine which worldview subcultural groups rely on when reminded of mortality: mainstream or subcultural? Juvenile delinquents living in residential reformatories in Poland were invited to participate in a terror management study examining the anxiety-buffering strategies of individuals belonging to a group largely outside mainstream culture. Following reminders of mortality, juvenile delinquents increased support for values consistent with the mainstream cultural worldview and decreased support for values consistent with the subcultural worldview, as compared to control conditions. The present results suggest that when faced with existential threat, the subcultural worldview does not provide an adequate anxiety buffer, leading members of this subcultural group to display increased identification with mainstream cultural values. Additionally, participants' state anxiety following death reminders was mediated by mainstream cultural worldview defense.
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Dyachkova, Yu E. "Social and psychological adaptation of the personality of juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons, with different attitude to the criminal subculture." Psychology and Law 8, no. 2 (2018): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2018080209.
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The article deals with the problem of the spread of criminal subculture among juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons, their adherence to the rules, the laws of the criminal environment, as well as personal features that contribute to this. The key attention is paid to the study of social and psychological adaptation of minors in places of detention. It is assumed that there is a connection between the adherence to the norms of the criminal subculture and the personal characteristics of minors, the level of their social and psychological adaptation. The pilot study was attended by 23 juvenile boys aged 15 to 18 years, Russian, committed various crimes. The paper used review-analytical, psychodiagnostic methods, methods of mathematical and statistical processing. As a result, three types of minors are determined by the degree of their adherence to the norms of the criminal subculture, the features of social and psychological adaptation and the associated personality traits of juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons are studied, and the correlation links between the integral indicators of social and psychological adaptation are established. The results can contribute to the development and implementation of psychoprophylactic and psychocorrection programs aimed at leveling the negative impact of criminal subculture norms among minors in isolation.
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Harsoyo, Agus, Dondin Sajuthi, Arief Boediono, Yoga Yuniadi, and Irma H. Suparto. "Peripheral Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Indonesia Long Tailed Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)." Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana 6, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/avi.6.2.56-69.
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An experiment to compare age of Macaca fascicularis (Mf) as pheripheral blood (PB) mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) isolate sources and the impact of its concentration on the pheriperal blood mononucleous cells (PBMC) development has been conducted. Twelve male Mf were used in this experiment. Three different age groups (infant (A1), juvenil (A2) and adult (A3)) of the Mfs were compared as treatments. Isolate of pheriperal blood MSC were created by taking 1 ml, 5 ml or 10 ml the Mfs pheriperal blood, processed them into PBMC, counted, isolated, cultured, subcultured, pelleted, extracted for their messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA). Reverse transcriptase - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were conducted to obtain complentary Deoxyribonucleic Acid (cDNA). PCR amplification were performed to look cluster differentiation (CD) of the MSC gene expression. Incomplete block design was used and the data were analysed using descriptive statistic and T-Test. The results showed that PBMC counted from infant, juvenil and adult were 6.78 – 7.28, 6.18 – 7.30, and 6.01 – 7.34 log cell, respectively. The subculture and pelleting cells were only obtained from A3 with positive 73, 90, 105 and negative 34, 45 CD markers. It is concluded that pheriperal blood of adult Mf can be utilized as MSC source.
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Wojnowska, Anna. "Hip-hop subculture and the resocialization of the juvenile." Pedagogika 27, no. 1 (2018): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/p.2018.27.24.
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Suslov, Yury, Svetlana Kulakova, Tamara Makarenko, and Marina Spasennikova. "Criminological Characteristics of Minors in Penitentiary Institutions According to the 2019 Census." Russian Journal of Criminology 14, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 290–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(2).290-297.
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Correctional influence on juvenile convicts is one of the priorities of the penitentiary system of the Russian Federation. Even though there is a trend for a reduction in the level of juvenile crimes in Russia, new approaches to their prevention are needed. The effectiveness of correctional influence directly depends on the systemic and complex character of its implementation. It is necessary to take into account the criminological characteristics of the analyzed category of convicts, which will make it possible to fully and accurately determine key trends of preventing repeat offences by juveniles and of helping their re-socialization. This work should be based on data that objectively reflect the characteristics of inmates in educational penal colonies. One of the fundamental ways of obtaining objective data is a census. The goal of this research was to carry out a census of all underage inmates in the penitentiary institutions in October 2019, to collect information on the criminological characteristics of minors, to identify the trends for their changes and to use the obtained information in the preventive work with them. The authors studied all inmates (1 214 people) in all 23 penitentiary institutions for juvenile delinquents in Russia. Research results were used to create a generalized criminological portrait of a juvenile inmate. It is a male person (91,5 %), 16-17 years of age (67,3 %) who lived in an urban area prior to conviction (58,4 %), studied in a comprehensive secondary school (72,0 %), lived in a dysfunctional or socially vulnerable family (86,6 %; single-parent family - 40,4 %), who has borderline psychiatric (48,3 %) or drug-related (16,2 %) disorders (they do not impair sanity, but influence the mechanisms of deviant behavior), who has no work experience (89,6 %), no prior convictions (67,9 %) for intentional very grave crimes (50,2 %), mostly committed without accomplices. Only 8 % claim that they respect the traditions of criminal subculture and want to be professional criminals in the future. In almost half of the cases (48,4 %), the imprisonment sentence does not exceed 3 years. The obtained results can be used to improve the practice of preventive work with juvenile delinquents, their re-socialization and the future development of criminology.
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Ren, Ling, Hongwei Zhang, Jihong Solomon Zhao, and Ruohui Zhao. "Delinquent Subculture and Juvenile Offenders’ Attitudes Toward the Police in China." Police Quarterly 19, no. 1 (September 9, 2015): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098611115604450.
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Nunes, Mônica Rebecca Ferrari. "Consumo musical nas culturas juvenis:cosplay, mundo pop e memória." Revista Contracampo, no. 25 (January 8, 2013): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/contracampo.v0i25.272.
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Este trabalho integra o projeto de pesquisa Comunicação, consumo e memória: cosplay e culturas juvenis, em realização junto ao PPGCOM–ESPM. Fundamentado nos conceitos propostos pela Escola de Tártu-Moscou sobre cultura e memória e nos estudos contemporâneos sobre comunicação, cultura e consumo, este paper traz os resultados parciais sobre a subcultura cosplay com base no evento Anime Party 2012 e Anime Dreams 2012. Aqui, as bandas formadas pelos cosplayers, os repertórios musicais consumidos são textos culturais responsáveis por processos de construção de memórias e de vínculos essenciais à permanência desta cena juvenil. Investiga-se a paisagem sonora da cena cosplay, pois a música, como sistema sígnico, tem participação decisiva nesta semiosfera que reúne igualmente concursos de “animekês” e games musicais.
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Szabo, Denis, Marc LeBlanc, Lise Deslauriers, and Denis Gagné. "Interprétations psycho-culturelles de l’inadaptation juvénile dans la société de masse contemporaine." Acta Criminologica 1, no. 1 (January 19, 2006): 9–133. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017001ar.
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Abstract A PSYCHO-CULTURAL INTERPRETATION OF JUVENILE MALADJUSTMENT IN MASS SOCIETY Juvenile maladjustment in the post-industrial societies has not only augmented alarmingly but has also taken on a new dimension. The number and seriousness of offences as well as their obvious wantonness are increasing. This article is an attempt to understand the forces which engender this phenomenon. A first experiment in measuring some of the elements which constitute the moral fact is also described here. A culture conflict Maladjustment of the young in the mass society can be looked at in the perspective of a culture conflict, that is, the confrontation of morals between adult and youth in a society undergoing an historical acceleration not only of its technology but also of its institutions and culture. The dialectic, youth versus adult, is due to the fact that each group has a particular position in society which, therefore, implies different morals or different normative systems. The credo of the adult is founded upon a numerous variety of experiences marked by success or failure. This traditional morality will shift in direct proportion to the degree of evolution within the existing society. The morals of youth are founded upon its involvement in new experiences. Youth uses the technology of its era, rebels against old-fashioned morals and reformulates its ethical needs. This type of questioning leads the adult to ambiguity of values, to uncertainty of moral judgment and to a wavering in fundamental choices; it leads the young into contesting adult order, truth and conviction. The integration of youth into mass society has to be made in the light of « neotenistic » mechanisms of adjustment to innovation. It must also be examined in the light of « misoneism » — resistance to change .— as well as of stability of social relationships and institutions. The young, new citizens of a mass society and trustees of mass culture, have to cope with the institutions, ideologies, controls and rules forged by a society of production. Psycho-cultural pressures Recent social transformations have generated a new type of society known as the « mass society » which in turn has generated a « mass culture ». The interaction between culture and society creates, for the individual, new problems of adjustment which merit careful study. The relative freedom from the pressures of mechanization coincides with the increase of psycho-cultural pressures due to the means of mass communication. We require a new conceptual plan of analysis adapted to a different type of society. The theories based on culture conflicts, the concepts of subcultures and contracultures have attempted to explain these new phenomena. Today, external pressure has increased the possibility of choice for the individual. We might suggest therefore, that if the maladjustments of the past were due to the hide-bound socio-economic laws, those which characterize the mass society would be due to an extreme degree of freedom to make these numberless choices. Obligation: first foundation of morals Psycho-cultural analysis achieves its entire meaning when we study morals or the moral fact. In other words, the obligation to accomplish one act or another constitutes the main springboard for interaction within a social system. The moral fact, in its objective and subjective aspects, constitutes the core of the problem: how to explain that the very foundation of moral order is being radically and universally questioned ? To answer this, we must use an analysis of mechanisms and procedures which take precedence in internalizing moral values in different cultures. The questions asked are as follows : a) What is the content and meaning of obligation to the youth of today ? b) What is the relationship between its aspirations and those of the preceding generations ? c) Are these aspirations the same for the youth of different classes ? d) Do they then engender cultures, subcultures and contracultures ? Psycho-cultural analysis is the meeting point of questions asked by the sociology of knowledge and of socialization and by contemporary social psychology. The moral fact seems to be an integral part of the problem of man's maladjustment to the civilization he has created, and its study becomes necessary in order to find the key to certain paradoxes in the human condition. Measurement of the moral fact Psycho-cultural interpretation seeks to isolate maladjustment, regarding it essentially as a type of moral behaviour. If we accept the following postulate — adjustment or deviance results at the limit of conformity or non-conformity to values .— how do we measure this obligation ? What are the variables necessary to isolate this idea of obligation ? What are the instruments capable of measuring them ? In the context of our work, obligation is envisaged, on the one hand, as a normative system related to the position of an individual, of a collectivity or of a category of individuals, in the social structure. On the other hand, it is regarded as a physical function, representing the internal controls of the subject, who is submitted to a system of impulses and motivations. Two theories seem pertinent in explaining obligation: the theory of « moral conscience », related to subjective motivations, and the theory of « social character », related to substantive or group motivations. According to Erick Fromm (1949), every society and every social structure within the society forms the type of man it needs and transmits values, attitudes and motivations necessary for the individual to act out the role it expects him to. It accomplishes this by giving the individual a « social character » adapted to its demands and which enables the subject to behave in the manner called for by the social system. The hypothesis showing that the social character is formed by the role the individual plays in his own culture and that he reflects collective obligations individually, enables us to connect this problem of adjustment with socio-cultural controls. Thus we can suppose that the normative aspects of adolescent subcultures and contracultures, where they exist, form a social character in these young people, and so constitute a different source of orientation or obligation from that of the adult culture. This article gives an account of the construction and validity of scales of moral attitudes and of an implement capable of measuring certain aspects of the moral conscience. Their function is to isolate this idea of obligation. Five scales of moral attitudes were established and verified with the help of factoral analysis .— moral attitudes of authority, of conformity to peers, of aspiration, of hedonist anxiety and of self-evaluation. This scale discriminates between the socio-economic milieux of the working class and the leisure class and weighs the variables .— age and delinquency. If social character is the cultural counterpart of obligation, then moral conscience is the psychological counterpart. Whereas social character depends on the position of a group in the social structure, moral conscience is conditioned by interprofessional relationships. Seen in this light, moral conscience becomes a psychic function, the fruit of identification within a succession of values presented by parents, teachers and peers. Since it is almost impossible to measure moral conscience directly and experimentally by objective tests, we thought it best to measure the psychological procedures of transmission and internalization of moral values, that is, by perception and identification. The Role Construction Repertory Test of George A. Kelly (1955) seems to answer this problem because it is based on these two psychological mechanisms as well as on « role playing ». This test enables us to find out with which persons and what values adolescents identify, whether or not they are well adjusted to life in society. It also enables us, with the help of the construction analysis, to pin-point the image young people have of themselves and of those who make up their phenomenal or experimental universe. These instruments, tested on adjusted or maladjusted adolescents from different socio-economic milieux, will enable us to verify certain hypothesis resulting from psycho-cultural analysis.
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Hu, Kaiji, and John M. Webster. "In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of a Small-Colony Variant of the Primary Form of Photorhabdus luminescensMD (Enterobacteriaceae)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 9 (September 1, 1998): 3214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.9.3214-3219.1998.
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ABSTRACT A small-colony variant (Vsm) of the primary form (Vp) ofPhotorhabdus luminescens MD from in vitro and in vivo cultures is described. Unlike the primary form, Vp, the Vsm variant is not the preferred diet of its nematode symbiont, aHeterorhabditis sp., does not support development and reproduction of the nematode, and is less pathogenic than Vp toGalleria mellonella larvae. Vsm cells were carried by 25% of infective juveniles, but they comprised a very low percentage (∼0.4%) of the total cells carried by the juvenile. In vitro subculture and in vivo injection into the larvae with either Vp or Vsm always produced a mixture of both Vp and Vsm. In nematode-bacterium-infected G. mellonella larvae, the Vp population in the hemocoel was high (4 × 109 to 5 × 109 CFU/g of wet insect tissue) at 24 h after infection, decreased about 10-fold by 48 h, and then regained a high level at day 5 before decreasing at day 7 and then remaining relatively constant through day 15 postinfection. The Vsm population, under the same conditions as those of Vp, increased gradually to a high level (9 × 108 CFU/g of wet insect tissue) at day 5 postinfection and then declined gradually through day 15.
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Ávila Landa, Homero. "De rockeros y neojarochos. Culturas juveniles y lógicas de desarrollo cultural en la Xalapa contemporánea." LiminaR Estudios Sociales y Humanísticos 10, no. 2 (July 1, 2012): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.29043/liminar.v10i2.6.
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En Xalapa, Veracruz, se expresan particulares manifestaciones juveniles —identidades, culturas, tribus, subculturas, contraculturas, ciberculturas— que muestran la complejidad de la vida social ligada a la globalización cultural. En términos de diversidad, la ciudad es laboratorio y escenario de múltiples representaciones juveniles donde se experimentan y exhiben culturas e identidades cuyas formas de ser son distintas en sus modos de relación con el Estado cultural, como el rock, distante de las políticas culturales oficiales, y el son jarocho "tradicional", más ligado a la intervención cultural. Ambas son alternativas identitarias entre las juventudes de la ciudad.
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Simões, José Alberto, and Ricardo Campos. "Articulações entre a rua e o digital nas práticas culturais juvenis: os casos do rap de protesto e graffiti ilegal em Portugal." Sociologias 18, no. 43 (December 2016): 272–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/15174522-018004312.
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Resumo Neste artigo, pretendemos examinar o papel dos media digitais na participação e subculturas juvenis, através de dois estudos de caso interligados: o rap de protesto e o graffiti ilegal. A internet e outras tecnologias digitais não só vieram dar voz a estes grupos, apoiando formatos e canais alternativos de expressão e comunicação, como também têm contribuído para agregar esforços individuais em torno dos mesmos interesses e atividades. As conclusões apresentadas baseiam-se em diferentes pesquisas realizadas num período de cerca de 10 anos, em Portugal, utilizando metodologias qualitativas (observação participante, entrevistas aprofundadas e metodologias de recolha visual), tanto em contextos urbanos como na internet, integrando-as numa estratégia de pesquisa etnográfica offline e online. Desejamos, em primeiro lugar, aprofundar o debate teórico em torno do tema das subculturas juvenis, participação e media digitais; em segundo lugar, apresentar sinteticamente resultados das pesquisas desenvolvidas.
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Blomstedt, C., J. Cameron, P. Whiteman, and SF Chandler. "Micropropagation of Juvenile Eucalyptus regnans (Mountain Ash)." Australian Journal of Botany 39, no. 2 (1991): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9910179.
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Node-derived shoot cultures of Eucalyptus regnans were established from in vitro grown seedlings on Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 (2 μm) zeatin and 0.05 mg L-1 (0.3 μm) napthaleneacetic acid. A double sterilisation method was essential to obtain clean material from seed. Microcuttings from established cultures were used to develop an efficient method for in vitro rooting. Rooting was best after a 7 day pulse on 20 mg L-1 (98 μm) indolebutyric acid. Hoagland's or Woody Plant Medium supported better rooting than MS basal medium and rooting was significantly enhanced by subculture to activated charcoal after the auxin pulse. Carbohydrate (sucrose or glucose) was essential for rooting while high light intensity was inhibitory. Optimal light conditions were a 12 h day (17 W m-2). In all, 90% of plantlets established in the nursery survived the winter.
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Preece, John E., Carl A. Huetteman, W. Clark Ashby, and Paul L. Roth. "Micro- and Cutting Propagation of Silver Maple. I. Results with Adult and Juvenile Propagules." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, no. 1 (January 1991): 142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.1.142.
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Clonal micropropagation studies with silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) included experiments with various shoot. explant types, cytokinins, and stock plant maturation levels. These trials led to successful explant establishment, axillary shoot proliferation, rooting of microshoots, and establishment of plantlets in the greenhouse. Overall, the best cytokinin tested was the phenylurea derivative TDZ. Shoot proliferation on juvenile explants was poor with kinetin, 2iP, and BA. Only zeatin at 10 μm was comparable to TDZ. TDZ at 10 nm was optimal for both juvenile and adult nodal explants. Juvenile explants that were held in vitro for 4 months commonly had at least 60 axillary shoots that could be subculture or excised for rooting. Microshoots rooted within 2 weeks. Following rooting, silver maple plantlets could be transplanted into a growing medium and placed directly onto a greenhouse bench. Studies were also conducted on rooting stem cuttings (macropropagation). Single nodes from juvenile plants rooted under intermittent mist, regardless of auxin application; however, shoot-tip cuttings from adult trees rooted best when auxin in ethanol solution was applied. Chemical names used: N- phenyl- N' -1,2,3 -thiadiazol-5-ylurea (thidiazuron, TDZ), N- (2-furanylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (kinetin), isopentenyladenine (2iP), benzyladenine (BA), (E)-2-methyl-4-(1H-purin-6-ylamino)-2-buten-1-ol (zeatin).
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Ostapenko, Andrei Aleksandrovich. "Is the fourth wave of juvenile crime approaching? The review of socio-pedagogical publications." Полицейская деятельность, no. 6 (June 2020): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0692.2020.6.34575.
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The purpose of the article is to review the scope of scientific literature of the late 15 - 20 years considering the problem of juvenile crime. The review covers the monographs, theses and articles published in scientific journals, and even newspaper articles covering all three waves of juvenile crime in Russia, starting with the analysis of juvenile crime of the 1920s - the 1930s. The analysis includes the new Russian-language (and partially Ukrainian-language) publications studying pedagogical activity, authorship, and scientific inventions of an outstanding pedagogue of the Soviet epoch A.S. Makarenko. The author demonstrates that the interest in Makarenko’s work is not decreasing both in Russia and abroad. The second part of the text contains the review of works of Makarenko’s followers and adherers - S.A. and G.K. Kalabalin, and their apprentices A.S. Kalabalin and V.I. Slobodchikov. The last part of the text is the review of articles and monographs studying the new wave of juvenile crime. In particular, the author analyzes the works illustrating the psychological and pedagogical, social and medical reasons of emergence, expansion and growth scale of such youth subculture as A.U.E (Prisoner’s Urka Unity), and the ways of its prevention and combating.
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Groppo, Luís Antonio. "Teorias críticas da juventude: geração, moratória social e subculturas juvenis." Em Tese 12, no. 1 (July 13, 2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1806-5023.2015v12n1p4.
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Brick, Bradley T., Terrance J. Taylor, and Finn-Aage Esbensen. "Juvenile attitudes towards the police: The importance of subcultural involvement and community ties." Journal of Criminal Justice 37, no. 5 (September 2009): 488–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2009.07.009.
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Martini, Aekaterini N., Maria Papafotiou, and Stavros N. Vemmos. "Season and Explant Origin Affect Phenolic Content, Browning of Explants, and Micropropagation of ×Malosorbus florentina (Zucc.) Browicz." HortScience 48, no. 1 (January 2013): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.1.102.
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The aim of this study was to develop an efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of the rare and endangered ×Malosorbus florentina, not only enabling conservation of the species, but also its use as an ornamental. Explants excised from adult plants, shoot tip explants, and explants collected in March and April showed more browning and had higher content of total phenolics than explants excised from juvenile tissue, nodal explants, and those collected during any of the other months of the year. Shoot tip explants from adult plants were more difficult to establish in vitro (14%) compared with explants from micropropagated plantlets or sprouts of burned plants (29% to 36%). Nodal explants excised from seedlings were established at the highest percentage (83%), giving the most shoots per explant (5.2). Generally, in vitro cultures established from adult plants, with the exception of one culture, showed lower multiplication rates compared with cultures from juvenile plants. Nodal explants from the base of sprouts produced a higher percentage (60%) of shoots than explants from upper locations (20% to 31%), but any differences in proliferation rates of established cultures ceased after the third subculture. Microshoots from juvenile cultures were more capable of rooting (51% to 58%) than were those from adult plants (16% to 32%), whereas 83% of the plantlets were acclimatized ex vitro independently of their origin, but plantlets of juvenile origin, although developing the same height as those originating from adult plants, had shorter internodes and thus more compact shape.
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Brissette, Line, Laurence Tremblay, and Daniel Lord. "Micropropagation of Lowbush Blueberry from Mature Field-grown Plants." HortScience 25, no. 3 (March 1990): 349–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.3.349.
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Bud cultures from nonjuvenile field clones of lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) were established on Z-2 medium with 59 μm 2iP. Reversion to juvenile characteristics with small and rounder leaves occurred only on two explants after 19 weeks in culture. These shoots grew vigorously and could be easily subcultured. The number of shoots of one clone doubled every 23.3 days. Reducing the 2iP concentration to 12.3 and 24.6 μm reduced shoot proliferation, but permitted better shoot elongation. After 5 weeks in a mix of 3 peat: 2 vermiculite: 1 perlite, shoots >20 mm rooted better than shoots measuring 10 to 20 mm. Chemical names used: N-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1-H-purine-6-amine (2iP); 1H-indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).
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Chen, Chien-Chih, Rick Bates, and John Carlson. "Effect of environmental and cultural conditions in medium pH and plant growth performance of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) shoot culture." F1000Research 3 (December 8, 2014): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5919.1.
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The medium pH level of plant tissue culture has been shown to be essential to many aspects of explant development and growth. Sensitivity or tolerance of medium pH changein vitrovaries accordingly to specific requirements of individual species. The objectives of this study are to 1) determine medium pH change over time in storage conditions and with presence of explants, 2) evaluate the effects of medium pH change and explant growth performance and 3) assess the effects of adding a pH stabilizer, 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) to Douglas-fir micropropagation medium. Spring buds, collected before breaking dormancy from juvenile and mature donor trees were utilized for these evaluations. Medium with or without MES, each at five medium pH levels was pre-adjusted before adding MES, agar and autoclaving. Medium pH changes and explant growth parameters were measured at eight different incubation times. In general, medium with MES provided a more stable medium pH compared to pre-adjusted pH values under two storage conditions as well as with presence of explants over time. A general trend of decreasing medium pH over time was found comparing explants from juvenile and mature donor genotypes. Explant height and weight growth increased over time, but differ among explants from juvenile and mature donor genotypes. MES may help to maintain stable medium pH for bulk medium preparation. Our findings suggested a 21-day subculture practice may facilitate to sustain medium freshness, medium pH level and desirable explant growth.
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Chen, Chien-Chih, Rick Bates, and John Carlson. "Effect of environmental and cultural conditions on medium pH and explant growth performance of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) shoot cultures." F1000Research 3 (May 8, 2015): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.5919.2.
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The medium pH level of plant tissue cultures has been shown to be essential to many aspects of explant development and growth. Sensitivity or tolerance of medium pH changein vitrovaries according to specific requirements of individual species. The objectives of this study are to 1) determine medium pH change over time in storage conditions and with presence of explants, 2) evaluate the effects of medium pH change on explant growth performance and 3) assess the effects of adding a pH stabilizer, 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) that is commonly used in Douglas-fir micropropagation medium. Vegetative buds were collected in the spring before breaking dormancy from juvenile and mature donor trees for conducting these evaluations. Medium, with or without MES, was pre-adjusted to five pH levels before adding MES, agar and autoclaving. Medium pH changes and explant growth parameters were measured at eight different incubation times. Overall, MES provided a more stable medium pH, relative to starting pH values, under both light and dark storage conditions as well as with presence of explants. A general trend of decreasing medium pH over time was found comparing explants from juvenile and mature donor genotypes. Explant height and weight growth increased over time, but differ among explants from juvenile and mature donor genotypes. Our findings suggest that a 21-day subculture practice may best sustain medium freshness, medium pH level and desirable explant growth.
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Nagata, Masao, Takashi Kiuchi, Shingo Kikuta, and Fugaku Aoki. "Development of an entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, in cultured insect cells under axenic conditions." Nematology 10, no. 6 (2008): 845–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854108786161445.
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AbstractA new method for culturing an entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, in cultured insect cells under axenic conditions was devised. When Steinernema eggs were put into the established cell line Sf9, they grew, moulted, developed to adults and produced eggs. Their life cycle took about 6 days and successive subcultures were possible. Their developmental state was comparable to that of culture in insects, and an individual nematode and each developmental event could be observed easily through the transparent culture vial under a microscope. Living insect cells were food for nematodes because juveniles grew slowly and did not develop to adults in the culture medium only or in medium containing dead cells. Infective juveniles (IJ) were not observed during the first generation in culture but they appeared and increased in number during 30 days of culture with cell deterioration. The propagation of nematodes and the occurrence of IJ varied with culture conditions such as medium volume. When IJ obtained from insects were transferred to cultured cells, they shed their cuticle and recovered from the dauer state. Culturing Steinernema with cultured insect cells is a useful tool to investigate its life cycle.
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Benavente, Renata. "Delinquência juvenil: Da disfunção social à psicopatologia." Análise Psicológica 20, no. 4 (November 17, 2012): 637–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14417/ap.26.
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No presente artigo fazemos uma revisão de literatura acerca da Delinquência Juvenil, analisando o fenómeno à luz das interpretações sociológicas e psicológicas, nomeadamente no que concerne à sua etiologia, prevenção e tratamento. Consideram-se as várias dimensões do problema, contemplando as relações normativas entre a adolescência e os comportamentos de transgressão enquanto estratégias de resolução de conflitos no sentido da adaptação. Discriminamos os comportamentos delinquentes normativos dos patológicos, analisando-os segundo os modelos de controlo social, da identidade/subcultura e da teoria psicanalítica.
Reforça-se a necessidade de intervenção preventiva primária, partindo da identificação de factores de risco que tornam determinados grupos vulneráveis. Expõem- se algumas das principais estratégias de tratamento: institucional (ligado ao sistema de justiça) e não institucional (ligado aos serviços de saúde). Por fim, fazemos algumas propostas de investigação sobre a Delinquência Juvenil em Portugal.
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Nesterov, Artyom Y. "ESSENCE AND FEATURES OF THE CRIMINAL ACTIVITY OF THE MARGINAL ADOLESCENT: MODERN CONDITION AND TRENDS." BULLETIN 5, no. 387 (October 15, 2020): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1467.149.
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. The article presents the main problems of the theory and practice of criminal activity in the modern teenage environment. The statistical data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation of criminal offenses committed from 2003 to the present period by juvenile offenders are given [as of June 1, 2020]. The author analyzes the features of the criminal youth subculture. Typologization is carried out according to the types of youth informal groups. The main causes of juvenile delinquency are identified and justified. Spectral analysis is carried out for these reasons (motives). The factors provoking crime in a teenage environment are determined. The author revealed that one of the negative conditions for the formation of delinquent and deviant behavior of adolescents is the early start of work. At present, adolescents from 14 years old are going through a process of socialization and familiarization with work in the conditions of transformation of socio-economic, political, sanctions relations. The transformation in Russia led to the use of various illegal forms, in particular related to the involvement of street children (10-15 years old and 16-18 years old) in the criminal business. The author determines that juvenile delinquency is primarily determined by the characteristics of the personality of the offender. The main thing in its consideration was the minority of the offender. Certain biological, psychological and mental changes in the structure of the personality are associated with it. Age determines a certain level of development of forces, intelligence, drives, and even the “physical” ability to commit certain crimes. Also, the author of the article determined that the process of socialization of an individual begins at an early age, when he begins to assimilate the roles that form his personal qualities. It is in childhood that any person is formed as a social being, he develops intelligence, the ability to analyze and generalize the surrounding phenomena, the ability to anticipate the possible consequences of his actions; such volitional qualities as perseverance, determination, self-control, activity, initiative are developed; self-awareness, self-esteem, desire for independence are formed. All this is closely related to the subsequent behavior of the personality of a minor offender. The author interprets such a basic concept as “criminal youth subculture”. The regional statistics of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia on offenses as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia is given. All materials presented in the article do not contain information (information) related to state secrets of the Russian Federation.
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Il'yankova, Ekaterina. "Analytical review of research on the determinants of delinquent behavior in minors." Applied psychology and pedagogy 5, no. 4 (October 9, 2020): 38–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2500-0543-2020-38-59.
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The article deals with the relevance and social significance of the problem of identifying the determinants of delinquent behavior and factors of criminalization of minors. A statistical analysis of juvenile delinquency is provided. The purpose of the study is to analyze domestic and foreign studies of the determinants of delinquent behavior of minors. The article presents the results of theoretical analysis of foreign and domestic studies that reveal two leading groups of causes of juvenile delinquency: individual typological (a combination of personal characteristics, temperament properties, character accentuation, deformation of the value-semantic sphere of the individual, weakness of intellectual development, low academic performance, pedagogical neglect, inadequate self-esteem, a reduced level of self-control, unformed volitional qualities, socio-psychological maladaptation, inability to organize free time, etc.) and socio-psychological (family problems, violations of parent-child relationships, the breakdown of the family structure, early deprivation in the family, lack of parental involvement in the child's education, disparity of parenting styles of parents, the negative example of the impact of the reference group, dependence on deviant peers, the influence of criminal subculture, lack of social control, the availability and prevalence of negative information, social exclusion, stigma, stereotypes, etc., as well as situational circumstances – victim behavior of the victim, detection of unattended valuables, etc.). contradictions, insufficiently studied aspects, promising research directions for the causes and mechanisms of formation, as well as prevention of delinquent behavior of minors are Identified.
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Kalashnikova, S. A., and E. Yu Titova. "Prevention of Criminal Subculture among Juveniles in Conflict with the Law through the Development of their Personal Resources." Scholarly Notes of Transbaikal State University Series Pedagogical Sciences 12, no. 5 (2017): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2542-0089-2017-12-5-37-45.
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Hensley, Christopher, Phyllis Gray-Ray, Yuk-Ying Tung, Xiaohe Xu, and Melvin Ray. "A racial comparison of Mississippi’s juvenile violent and property crimes: A test of self-control and subculture of violence theories." Journal of African American Men 4, no. 3 (December 1999): 21–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12111-999-1013-2.
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González Núñez, César, and Lorena Basualto Porra. "Hacia una pastoral con jóvenes para-institucionales." Revista de Educación Religiosa 1, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 9–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.38123/rer.v1i2.17.
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Los jóvenes han representado siempre un sector social muy sensible para la Iglesia, y en la búsqueda de las respuestas pastorales necesarias que favorezcan un acercamiento de ellos a la persona de Jesús y su mensaje, se hace necesario un primer acercamiento para entender por dónde transita la realidad juvenil respecto de la experiencia creyente o adhesión eclesial, y, así, tener una adecuada valoración de aquello que ha realizado la Pastoral Juvenil en este intento.
Hoy estamos ante un nuevo sujeto pastoral: jóvenes que dentro de la Iglesia demandan nuevas formas de vivir el Evangelio, como también jóvenes de sectores excluidos socialmente, respecto de quienes el Papa Francisco entiende que la sociedad considera que son "descartables". La llegada evangelizadora a este sector de jóvenes se hace más urgente e ineludible, en la medida que tengamos una mejor comprensión de la subcultura que los involucra, de manera que así se favorezca el encuentro pastoral desde una perspectiva más testimonial y dialogal. El artículo propone una metodología de análisis documental, con el propósito de elaborar una propuesta de pastoral situada.
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Arrillaga, I., and S. A. Merkle. "Regenerating Plants from in Vitro Culture of Black Locust Cotyledon and Leaf Explants." HortScience 28, no. 9 (September 1993): 942–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.28.9.942.
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A protocol to achieve efficient plant regeneration from juvenile black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) explants is described. Direct adventitious shoots were induced from cotyledon explants on woody plant medium containing 22.2 μm BA and 0.4 μm 2,4-D. Shoots developed and new shoots were induced when the explants were transferred to medium without growth regulators. The effect of dark incubation on shoot regeneration from cotyledons indicated that 15 days of darkness resulted in a high regeneration frequency (91.7%). Adventitious shoot formation also was induced from sections of in vitro-derived leaves cultured in darkness on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 4.4 μm BA and 24.6 μm IBA. A shoot regeneration frequency of 89% was obtained when explants were subcultured on a medium containing 4.4 μm BA and 0.5 μm IAA. Shoots were rooted on Schenk and Hildebrandt medium with or without IBA. Plantlets were acclimatized and grown in the greenhouse. Chemical names used: N -(phenylmethyl)-1H -purin-6-amine (BA); 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).
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Volova, Larissa T., Evgeniy I. Pugachev, Victoria V. Rossinskaya, Violetta V. Boltovskaya, Dmitry A. Dolgushkin, and Natalya Ossina. "Rheumatoid Arthritis: Applicability of Ready-to-Use Human Cartilaginous Cells for Screening of Compounds with TNF-Alpha Inhibitory Activity." Biomolecules 10, no. 11 (November 17, 2020): 1563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10111563.
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In the context of modern drug discovery, there is an obvious advantage to designing phenotypic bioassays based on human disease-relevant cells that express disease-relevant markers. The specific aim of the study was to develop a convenient and reliable method for screening compounds with Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitory activity. This assay was developed using cryopreserved ready-to-use cartilage-derived cells isolated from juvenile donors diagnosed with polydactyly. It has been demonstrated that all donor (10 donors) cells were able to respond to TNF-α treatment by increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 into subcultural medium. Inhibition of TNF-α using commercially available TNF-α inhibitor etanercept resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in IL-6 production which was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). TNF-α dependent IL-6 production was detected in the cells after both their prolonged cultivation in vitro (≥20 passages) and cryopreservation. This phenotypic bioassay based on ready-to-use primary human cells was developed for detection of novel TNF-α inhibitory compounds and profiling of biosimilar drugs.
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Finneseth, C. L. H., Desmond R. Layne, and R. L. Geneve. "Influence of Ontological Age on Adventitious Bud and Shoot Formation of Pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] Nodal Explants." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 441E—441. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.441e.
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Clonal propagation of pawpaw is currently limited to budding and grafting. A tissue-culture system to rapidly produce clonal material would be valuable for both production and preservation of germplasm. Forced scion wood, shoots from root cuttings, and seedlings were explant sources for ontologically mature, intermediate, and juvenile ages, respectively. Preliminary data indicated that nodal explants had more rapid adventitious shoot formation than shoot tip explants. Disinfestation protocols were developed for each explant source. Nodal explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 10 μM BA and 0.1 μM TDZ. Within 3 weeks, 60% of the seedling explants had expanded axillary buds, while no bud expansion was observed for explants of either the intermediate or mature sources. By 6 weeks, seedling axillary shoots had elongated and were suitable for subculture. By 8 weeks, multiple adventitious buds and shoots had formed on all seedling explants. At this same time, axillary shoots began to elongate on intermediate source explants, but mature source explants appeared to be recalcitrant. Explant exudation caused medium darkening, but, by reducing the transfer interval from 4 to 2 weeks, discoloration was minimized. Mature source explants were maintained in culture and after ≈7 months, axillary bud expansion occurred in a small percentage of these explants.
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Semiarti, Endang, Ixora S. Mercuriani, Agus Slamet, Bekti Sulistyaningsih, I. A. P. Bestari, Soenghoe Jang, Y. Machida, and C. Machida. "INDUCTION OF IN VITRO FLOWERING OF INDONESIAN WILD ORCHID, Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume." KnE Life Sciences 2, no. 1 (September 20, 2015): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i1.182.
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<p>Orchids are generally cultivated for their flower. To induce flower initiation in Phalaenopsis amabilis orchid, genetic and physiological approaches were developed. Genetic modification by insertion of P. amabilis Flowering Locus T (PaFT) gene driven by Ubiquitin promoter into orchid genome using Agrobacterium tumefaciens, whereas physiological approach was conducted by the use of growth regulators: N6benzyladenine (BA) (1, 3, 9) mg.L-1 or gibberellic acid (GA3) (5, 10, 15) mg.L-1 alone or in combination in culture medium. Orchid seeds were sown on New Phalaenopsis (NP) medium for 8 weeks, then subcultured on NP liquid medium + BA + GA3 with shaking for 9 weeks. Developping protocorms were spread on NP solid medium, then supplemented with NP liquid medium + BA + GA3 (5:2). Cultures were maintained at 25oC with a photoperiod of 8 hrs light/16 hrs dark. For genetic transformation, 3 weeks old protocorms were immersed overnight in cultures of A. tumefaciens with T-DNA harboring Ubipro::PaFT and Hygromycin phosphotransferase (HPT) gene as selectable marker. Phenotypic analysis was carried out from 5-20 plants, each of them was observed for leaf and root number and lengths, comparing with untreated plants. Shoots with normal phenotype were generated from all treatments. RT-PCR analysis from 3 plants each of 4 weeks-24 months old-WT plants, 6 months old phytohormone treated plants and also 12 and 24 months old transgenic plants showed that POH1 juvenile gene transcript can be detected at juvenile stage of WT and PaFT mRNA was expressed in late stage after 6 months old WT plants. In all phytohormone treated plants and transgenic orchid both POH1 anf PaFT transcripts can be detected in 5, 12 and 24-months old plants, but no flower initiation was occurred. It indicates that post transcriptional inhibition might be occurred, and it needs to be explored.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: in vitro, flower, PaFT, growth regulators, Orchids</p>
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Zambrano D., Luisa Fernanda. "La seguridad ciudadana, medios de comunicación y valores de consumo en Venezuela." Horizontes. Revista de Investigación en Ciencias de la Educación 1, no. 3 (July 1, 2017): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33996/revistahorizontes.v1i3.39.
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Este artículo se acerca a la problemática social de la seguridad ciudadana desde una mirada que vincula los datos de vulnerabilidad social, con valoresdel consumismo con los que la población juvenil e infantil se socializa. Hoy los medios de comunicación globales socializan desde la cuna a una poblacióninfantil favoreciendo una condición trasnacional, estereotipada, occidentalizada, consumista y fragmentada, acostumbrándola a altos niveles de calidad gráfica y dinámica, a altos ritmos y excesos de emocionalidad y saturación de sentidos, factores que pudiesen estar contribuyendo a facilitar el desarrollo de ciertas conductas sociales vinculadas a la violencia y su cultura o subcultura, dirigida a satisfacer las “necesidades del consumo de todo tipo” sin asumir verdaderas responsabilidades, con poca capacidad para afrontar en primera persona la realidad, con obligaciones y dispuestos a sacrificarse para construir algo duradero y colectivo. Ante esto la tarea de los facilitadores y maestro es la de asumir la educomunicación critica y activa.
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Gruda, Mateus Pranzetti Paul. "DÂNDI E FLÂNEUR: MODOS DE SUBJETIVAÇÃO DA MODERNIDADE E OS MODS INGLESES." Psicologia em Estudo 22, no. 4 (December 19, 2017): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/psicolestud.v22i4.34169.
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A organização social em torno das grandes cidades é apontada como causadora principal da criação do sujeito da modernidade, o qual é, sobretudo, individualista e privatizado. A vida em meio ao nascente caos urbano e de aglomeração das multidões de pessoas possibilita delinearmos alguns modos de subjetivação consequentes e que emergem em tal configuração e contexto sócio-histórico e cultural. O poeta Charles Baudelaire é tido como personagem importante para a compreensão da modernidade, visto que traduziu a sensação do habitante citadino e assumiu papéis distintos frente a essa vida urbana. A partir de considerações breves sobre a cidade moderna, buscamos elencar modos de subjetivação da modernidade (materializados e expressos, sobretudo, nas figuras do dândi e do flâneur), apresentando algumas das características principais, para em sequência relacionar as formas de atualização, assunção e distorção destes pelos integrantes de uma popular subcultura juvenil inglesa surgida na segunda metade do século XX: os mods.