Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'K-regelverken'
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Josefsson, Pontus, and Jesper Lejdström. "Skillnaden mellan K2 och K3 regelverken : Vad tycker redovisningsexperter att K2-företagen bör välja när K-regelverken träder i kraft?" Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hållbar samhälls- och teknikutveckling, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-12533.
Full textAbstract Titel: Difference between K2 and K3 regulations.What do accountants that K2-companies should choose when K-regulations come into force? Date: 2011-06-09 University: Mälardalen University, Västerås Institute: School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology Level: Master thesis in Business Administration 15 hp Authors: Pontus Josefsson & Jesper Lejdström Tutor: Leif Carlsson Examiner: Cecilia Lindh The main issue: What do the respondents think that K2-companies should choose when K-regulations take effect and the reasons to the K2-companies choices of either K2 or K3 Purpose: The purpose in this essay is to describe K2- and K3:s regulations in Sweden and their differences. Furthermore the essay aims to providing a picture of what various accounting experts think that companies should choose to apply and why Method: In the essay the study was conducted with a qualitative approach where the empirical study in form of the primary data were obtained through three interviews, including a personal interview and two email interviews Conclusions: Most companies that have the opportunity to choose either K2 or K3 will and should opt for the K2, with certain exceptions. The main reason is that it is easier to apply K2 Keywords: K2, K3, K-regulations, BFN, simplified accounting
Karlsson, Andreas, and Jonas Rundberg. "Att beskriva kunskap : En undersökning om synen på kunskapen i K-regelverken." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-42997.
Full textJibro, Pierre, and Jennifer Masso. "K-regelverken : En kvalitativ studie om vilka faktorer som påverkat mindre fastighetsföretag vid valet mellan K2 och K3." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32280.
Full textHansson, Ida, and Johan Elfstrand. "Tillämpningen av K-regelverken : En studie om mindre företag och valet mellan K2 och K3 i FoU-intensiva branscher." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19653.
Full textThe main objective of this study is to find out the reasons why small and limited companies working with R&D would decide to apply K2 or K3 regulations and to investigate what factors may influence that choice. One hope of the study, if completed successfully and thoroughly, is that it may serve as a guide in order to help companies faced with this choice. The study is based on a quantitative method. Empirical data was collected through annual reports, through the database, Retriever, and by having contact with the CFO. Further, the empiric data was analyzed using statistical analysis and the variables that could affect the choice of framework were found in acknowledged theories as well as previous research regarding accounting choices. The variables are presented in a “A priori-model”. A research model was formed since all possible variables from the theories could not be investigated due to methodological choices. The empirical data has been presented in the form of tables, charts and then discussed regarding previous research. The results of this study show that the majority of the companies decided to apply the K3 regulations, even though the K2 regulation were recommended for that category of company. In addition, the study's timeframe made it impossible to collect any more annual reports than what was received, this may affect the results of this study. A similar study in the fall would give better empirical data.
Ström, Evelina, and Frida Jansson. "Mindre företags redovisning : Revisorns syn på komplexitet kopplat till K2." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-20550.
Full textProblem background and problem formulation The Annual Accounts Act sets out size requirements regarding which regulations companies should apply. Smaller companies have the opportunity to apply K2, which is a simplified set of rules that exists for smaller companies with simpler conditions, or K3, which is the main set of rules. In previous research, it is mentioned that smaller companies can be too complex to report according to K2 despite the fact that they meet the size requirements set by the Annual Accounts Act. The concept of complexity has therefore been problematized and examined empirically to find aspects that may lead to smaller companies being considered too complex to report according to K2 that they no longer present a true and fair view of the company's financial position and also why a complex company still chooses to report according to K2. Purpose and Method The purpose of the study is to explore which aspects according to auditors makes a smallercompany that reports according to K2, considered too complex to give a true and fair view of the company's financial position and also explore why auditors think that companies choose to report according to K2 even though they are too complex. A qualitative method has been used where interviews with auditors have been performed. Analysis and conclusion The study was able to show that auditors define the concept of true and fair view in different ways, as all auditors who participated in the study have given different interpretations of the concept. A theme that has been present in all interpretations has been that true and fair viewmeans that the company's financial position must reflect reality as far as possible. According to the auditors, the aspects that emerged in the study, which could make a smaller company too complex to apply K2, may be linked to self-generated intangible assets, tangible assets, revaluation and deferred tax liabilities. The fact that the company still reports according to K2 despite the fact that they are too complex according to the auditors, the empirical evidence indicates that this is due to the cost of changing regulations, lack of time, ignorance within the company and that the company operates in a limited market where there is no need for more details.
Lundberg, Jacob, and Emil Svensson. "Innovativa företag i valet mellan K2 och K3 : En fallstudie om institutionella isomorfismers påverkan på redovisningsval hos innovativa SME:s i Gävleborg." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36845.
Full textAim: In Sweden, SMEs can choose between the accounting regulations K2 or K3. Previous research shows that accounting choices are governed by various institutional pressures on organizations. Innovative companies play an important role in countries' economies, despite this there is little research on these companies and their accounting choices. We have therefore chosen to take a closer look at innovative SME:s and what influenced their choice of accounting method. This with the aim of examining how institutional pressures affect innovative and knowledge-intensive SMEs in the choice between K2 and K3. The research question asked to answer this is: how do companies feel that isomorphic factors affect them in the choice between K2 and K3? Method: The study is based on an inductive approach. The study consists of a qualitative case study of innovative companies in an incubator environment within Gävleborg. The empirical material consists of ten semi-structured interviews with business leaders within these companies as study objects. Furthermore, the companies are analyzed through a thematic analysis with a framework approach based on a self-designed model associated with isomorphic pressures. Result & Conclusions: The results show that companies are primarily affected by coercive isomorphism in the form of regulatory constraints. The possibility of being able to capitalize development costs with K3 proved to be the biggest factor in the choice of regulations. Normative isomorphism has also been shown to be a pressure in the form of the participation of auditors and accounting consultants in regulatory decisions. Mimetic isomorphism can also exist in conjunction with other pressures but to a limited extent. Contribution of the thesis: The study contributes to theory creation about both NIS and accounting standards choice. The study also creates practical knowledge for future companies that are facing the same choice. It also gives norm-setters and accounting regulators insights into opportunities and limitations in today's elective accounting choice in Sweden. Suggestions for future research: Limitations are found in the scope of the study to the number of participants and geographical scope. Suggestions for further research are therefore to examine similar companies with a geographically wider selection, study from other contextual theories or economic aspects.
Fors, Emma, and Natalie Tälth. "Normernas karaktär i K2 och K3 : Är principbaserade normer förenliga medlegalitetsprincipen?" Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10400.
Full textPrincipal-based standards give few guidelines of how the standards should be followed andthey give room for interpretations. The income tax act expresses that the income statementshould be calculated through accrual basis and the taxation time should be determined bygenerally accepted accounting principles. On the other hand, the tax law expresses a principleof legality in the governmental law that states that there has to exist a legal support for a crimeto be committed and no penalty can otherwise be addressed. When generally acceptedaccounting principles should determine the time of taxation it generates accountingdifferences. The term of generally accepted accounting principles is difficult to interpret andrequires additional standards to create its meaning.The problem that exists when principle-based standards affect a company’s taxation, clarifieswhen there is a material relationship between accounting and taxation. A material relationshipmeans that the accounting rules are applicable even for the taxable income. The material linkexists when the income tax act refers to generally accepted accounting principles, when thetaxation time should be determined. The Swedish Accounting Standards Board has thereforeestablished comprehensive framework’s that aims to guide companies when accountaccording to generally accepted accounting principles. The K-regulations shall apply forcompanies in different categories depending on their sizes. The study examines the two mostcommon frameworks, K2 and K3.The purpose of this study is to examine if principle-based standards are consistent with theprinciple of legality. To achieve the purpose of this study, a comparative content analysis ofthe The Swedish Accounting Standards Boards K-regulations, K2 and K3, is conducted. Wewish to evaluate to what extent the standards characteristics are rule- or principle-based and toevaluate the extent of the standards consistency with the principle of legality and thegovernmental law. In the beginning of this study we did not find enough relevant literature inthe field of study and we therefore want to contribute with knowledge. We also want toobserve the problems that the tax law contributes when it refers to the term of generallyaccepted accounting principles.We have clarified our analysis of the standards in K2 and K3 in a model. The modelincorporates two dimensions, partly to what extent the standards should be considered as ruleorprinciple-based and partly to what extent the standards should be considered consistentwith the principle of legality. To achieve the purpose of this study we examined standards thatoccur in both frameworks: fundamental principles, definition of assets, liabilities, incomesand costs, tangible fixed assets, intangible fixed assets, inventories, provisions and accruals. The conclusion of the study is that principle-based standards in a large extent should beconsider non consistent with the principle of legality due to that an analogy is permitted inaccounting. Principle-based standards create room for interpretation, which leads todifferences between similar companies both in accounting and in taxation. The standards inK3 should accordingly not be considered consistent with the principle of legality.This study is further on written in Swedish.
Johansson, Emmelie, and Marie Karlsson. "K1-regelverket : -har det blivit en förenkling?" Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-3048.
Full textHarmonisering inom redovisning är aktuellt både internationellt och nationellt. Från och med 1 januari 2005 har noterade företag varit tvungna att utgå från IAS/IFRS vid utformning av sin koncernredovisning och svenska företag har därför berörts av harmonisering inom redovisning. Sveriges Regering har som mål att minska den administrativa kostnaden för företagen med hela 25 procent till 2010, därför har totalt 600 planerade samt genomförda förenklingsåtgärder framställts som ska bidra till att uppnå målet. En av dessa förenklingar är K-regelverket som BFN ansvarar för att utveckla och består av kategorierna K1-K4. Den här studien inriktar sig på K1-regelverket och syftet är att reda ut om K1-regeverket är en förenkling inom bokföring, redovisning och beskattning utifrån redovisningskonsulten samt revisorns perspektiv.
Med hjälp av information från fyra redovisningskonsulter samt en revisor, kan det fastslås att det hade varit effektivare om BFN hade arbetat fram hela K-regelverket och släppt dem samtidigt, med krav att tillämpa dem. Baserat på den här studien kan det konstateras att K1-regelverket lutar mot en förenkling inom bokföring, redovisning samt beskattning utifrån redovisningskonsulternas samt revisorns synvinkel.
Fridell, Johan, and Sofie Zethelius. "Regelverkens paradox : En studie av effekter på svenska företag under K-projektets implementering." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-15653.
Full textPurpose: Based on the question if the Swedish K-project is a simplification for companies in Sweden, the purpose of this study is to evaluate effects on Swedish companies during the K-project implementation. Methodology: This study uses an inductive approach in which one's own research design with a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, using the development of the audit fee and earlier reports to study the effects on Swedish companies during the time the K-project is implemented. Result: The results of this study show two effects, aggregated audit fees and 16 previous studies, respondents' perceptions if the K-project provides a simplification. Audit fees have increased over the period 2001-2010. Although effects such as inflation and increased customer base has been adjusted away, we see a noticeable increase for audit costs for Swedish companies, while the earlier studies perceptions of the K-project does not consider the K-project as a simplification. Conclusion: The authors of this study believe that the audit costs for Swedish companies have been affected in a positive direction after the K-Project was implemented in 2005. It is not possible with this study specifically say that the increase in the audit fee depends on the K-project. This study shows rather an indication that the simplification measures are not sufficient. Earlier studies respondents think for the most part that the K-rules not has led to simplifications to the greatest extent.
Jansson, Maria, Angelica Todoran, and Malm Maria Saleh. "En jämförelse mellan regelverken K2 och K3 : Vilka orsaker ligger till grund för valet av regelverk hos företag?" Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21617.
Full textThe Swedish Standards Accounting Board, which is responsible for the development of generally accepted accounting principles, started the K-project in 2004, which includes general advice divided into four categories of regulatory framework; K1, K2, K3 and K4. The regulations aim to provide companies with a uniform set of rules to comply with. K3 is the main regulation, but smaller companies, which do not meet the limit values for being classified as a larger company, can choose to apply K2 for their accounting (BFN 2017d).K3 is designed from a user perspective, which means that it contains more accounting options to provide users with a relevant basis for financial decisions. K2, whose purpose is to simplify the preparation of the accounts, is, on the other hand, intended to provide a reliable picture of the company's finances. The simplicity of K2 comes from the fact that it is rule-based and thus have clear directives to follow, unlike K3 which is a principle-based regulatory framework and in some cases requires a more professional assessment by the author (Norberg 2014; SRF konsulterna 2019).With this as a starting point, the purpose of the study is to investigate the causes behind companies' choice between these regulations. With the help of multiple case studies, we have carried out qualitative semi-structured interviews with four small companies and one auditor, in order to achieve our goal. We also received mail responses to the interview questions from one company and one auditor. We have had an inductive approach and collected data to generate results that can contribute to theoretical understanding of the subject. The results of the study show that there are accounting differences that to a certain extent affect companies' choice between K2 and K3, but it has also appeared that claims from the parent company have an influence in the choice. Companies generally do not have sufficient knowledge to decide for themselves which regulation is best suited to them and thus rely heavily on the auditors. Based on the study's results, therefore, we have shifted our focus to instead touching on how the Continental and Anglo-Saxon tradition have influenced the design of the K-regulations. This study is written in Swedish.
Akdemir, Bulduk, Carolina Mattsson, and Marie Östman. "K1-regelverket : Ett komplicerat förenklingsprojekt." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18939.
Full textUppsatsnivå: C
Carlsson, Jenny, and Ellen Tidner. "Företags redovisningsval: K2 eller K3 : Hur väljer fastighetsbolag och FoU-företag regelverk för upprättande av årsredovisning?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-34735.
Full textSundén, Oscar, and Gustav Ahlqvist. "Nya redovisningsregler och resultatmanipulering i svenska bostadsrättsföreningar : En kvantitativ studie av de effekter K-regelverket givit upphov till." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-137206.
Full textNygren, Gustav, and Gustav Blomqvist. "Val av K-regelverk för mindre svenska onoterade företag." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-415754.
Full textBiazar, Behnaz, and Mårten Gertow. "K2-regelverket : En empirisk studie om varför företag inte väljer att tillämpa BFNAR 2008:1." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Business Studies, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-3300.
Full textPurpose: The purpose with this empirical study is to investigate how many companies have chosen to apply the K2 framework and see why the remaining companies have chosen not to.
Methodology: A choice of a quantitative approach has been applied to collect information and create a foundation for the problem. Furthermore a qualitative approach has been selected to cover the remains.
Theoretical perspective: This section contains a presentation of the agency theory, the institutional theory, the k-project and a comparison of K2 and the existing regulation.
Results: Three out of 143 companies applies BFNAR 2008:1. 13 out of 143 companies use self-generated intangible fixed assets. Out of 29 contacted companies only three know about K2. The 29 companies are from various lines of business within an area.
Conclusion: The conclusion of our research is that the majority of the companies did not reject to use the K2 regulations. They just did not know it existed. The two contacted companies that already applied K2 had an accounting consultant who chose it. Thus, the companies did not make an active choice to apply K2.
Hedelin, Oliver, and Lisa Martinsson. "Redovisningsval i fastighetsbranschen : Väljer företag med tillväxt att upprätta årsredovisning enligt K2 eller K3?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-42048.
Full textBackground: After Bokförningsnämndens development of the K-regulations, K2 and K3, different pros and cons were discussed concerning the regulations amongst experts within the accounting profession. For the smaller businesses with the opportunity to choose between K2 and K3, the decision was therefore not obvious. An affecting factor that the accounting profession claims to be important is growth, however the variable has remained relatively unexplored. Henceforth the real estate sector is one of the industries that have expressed severe criticism towards the implementation because of the regulation regarding the mandatory component depreciations and the fact that the sector is characterised by high growth. The majority of previous research has studied larger companies, and few examines growth in relation to accounting choice which is what prompted this essay to have smaller companies as basis for examining the field further. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to contribute with further understanding of companies accounting choice in regard to choosing accounting standards such as K2 and K3 and what affects this choice. Henceforth this study focuses on finding a correlation between a company's growth and the choice of accounting standard. Methodology: This essay is based on a deductive approach and follows a quantitative research method. The information analyzed in this study has been collected from 200 annual reports from smaller companies in the real estate sector and was provided by Retriever Business. Based on the theories in this essay, two hypothesis has been formulated and tested using a Chi-squared test. Conclusions: The study implies that there is an indication of relation between smaller companies accounting choice and growth as an affecting factor. It can however not be ascertained according to the statistical test in the study, that there is a statistical significant relation.
Brännvall, Erik, and Jens Hall. "Bostadsrättsföreningar och avskrivningar – en svår kombination? : En kvantitativ studie om bostadsrättsföreningars agerande och redovisning i samband med K-regelverkets införande." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149358.
Full textNiklasson, Viktor, and Carl-Oscar Olofsson. "Är god redovisningssed fortfarande god sed?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för företagsekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-26527.
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