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Journal articles on the topic 'Kabylia (Algeria)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

LAMINE, SMAIL, ABDELKADER LOUNACI, and NARD BENNAS. "Biodiversity and chorology of aquatic beetles (Coleoptera: Elmidae and Hydraenidae) in Kabylia (central-north Algeria). New records and updates." Zootaxa 4700, no. 1 (November 18, 2019): 102–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4700.1.5.

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This work presents a list of water beetles of the families Hydraenidae and Elmidae occurring in Kabylia (central-north of Algeria) based on an exhaustive review of literature (1872–2016) and on more than 2126 individuals collected during field campaigns (2013–2015). Twenty-five species belonging to nine genera of Hydraenidae and Elmidae are here recorded from a total of 25 sites. Ochthebius (Ochthebius) bifoveolatus Waltl, 1835 is here recorded for the first time from Algeria; Hydraena leprieuri, Limnebius pilicauda, and Limnius intermedius are new records for Kabylia. A biogeographical analysis shows that the Hydraenidae and Elmidae from Kabylia are essentially Mediterranean (80%) and Palaearctic (20%) elements. Elements with wider distributions are absent.

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Hamitouche, Souad, Abdelouhab Bouchareb, and Abdelazize Franck Bougaham. "Status and distribution of the Algerian Nuthatch’s population (Sitta ledanti Vielliard, 1976) in the Tamentout forest (north-eastern Algeria)." Avian Biology Research 13, no. 4 (August 14, 2020): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1758155920945842.

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The Algerian Nuthatch ( Sitta ledanti) is the only endemic bird species in Algeria. It is located in the Kabylia of Babors (north-eastern Algeria). It is classified as an endangered species by IUCN and its populations are decreasing. In this study, we are interested in the inventory of the number of Sitta ledanti’s individuals in the Tamentout forest, carried out by the EFP method along line-transect, during the 2019’s breeding period. It turned out that this forest contains the largest population ever recorded. It is estimated at 187 individuals for an area of 9688 ha. The Tamentout forest is under severe human pressure from adjoining houses, including illegal logging and overgrazing, causing disturbance of the Algerian Nuthatch’s habitat and reduction of its distribution area.

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Sahar, O., V. Leone, H. Limani, N. Rabia, and R. Meddour. "Wildfire risk and its perception in Kabylia (Algeria)." iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry 11, no. 3 (June 30, 2018): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3832/ifor2546-011.

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Touati, Samia. "Lalla Fatma N’Soumer (1830–1863): Spirituality, Resistance and Womanly Leadership in Colonial Algeria." Societies 8, no. 4 (December 11, 2018): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc8040126.

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Lalla Fatma N’Soumer (1830–1863) is one of the major heroines of Algerian resistance to the French colonial enterprise in the region of Kabylia. Her life and personality have been surrounded by myths and mysteries. Although her name is mentioned in colonial chronicles recording the conquest of Algeria, her exact role in leading a movement of local resistance to the French army doesn’t seem to be very clear. This paper aims at shedding light on this exceptional Berber woman through the analysis of French colonial sources describing these military campaigns—despite their obvious bias—and later secondary sources. This paper focuses on the spiritual dimension which has been somehow overlooked in the existing literature. It precisely describes her family background whereby her ancestry goes back to a marabout lineage affiliated with the Raḥmāniyya sufi order. It argues that her level of education in spiritual and religious matters was probably higher than what had been so far assumed. This article discusses how this spiritual aspect helps explain the tremendous popularity she enjoyed among her people in Kabylia, where she has been considered almost a saint.

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5

Scheele, Judith. "A Taste for Law: Rule-Making in Kabylia (Algeria)." Comparative Studies in Society and History 50, no. 4 (September 23, 2008): 895–919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417508000388.

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There has recently been an upsurge in anthropologists' interest in law, with North Africa and the Middle East taking a prominent position. One of the foci is the coexistence of multiple sets of legal practices, and the ways in which people negotiate between different legal “systems.” This emphasis closely mirrors the more general shift in anthropology from “discourse” to “practice,” and shares both its strengths and weaknesses. Among the latter is that the resulting emphasis on “legal pluralism” (Griffith 1986) runs the danger of eroding the concept of law as such, subsuming it within more general and all-encompassing notions of “conflict resolution.” Similarly, there is a risk that one of the most striking aspects of legal procedure, namely the value placed on the act of making rules, is being neglected, and the actual content of local law codes and their underlying principles are receiving less attention than they deserve. As a result, “customary law” is more often implicitly defined by what it is not. Here, my aim is not to shift the focus from “practice” to “discourse,” but rather to understand the internal logic of one such set of ‘customs,’ and to consider the act of making law in itself as a special kind of practice (see also Comaroff and Roberts 1981: 15–16).

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6

Tahir, D., S. Alwassouf, A. Loudahi, B. Davoust, and R. N. Charrel. "Seroprevalence of Toscana virus in dogs from Kabylia (Algeria)." Clinical Microbiology and Infection 22, no. 3 (March 2016): e16-e17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2015.10.029.

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7

Kechemir, Lina Hanane, Michel Sartori, and Abdelkader Lounaci. "An unexpected new species of Habrophlebia from Algeria (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae)." ZooKeys 953 (July 27, 2020): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.953.51244.

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We describe a new species of Habrophlebia, H. djurdjurensissp. nov., based on nymphal, imaginal, and egg stages obtained by sampling from the Great Kabylia watershed, north-central Algeria. The new species was previously identified as H. cf. fusca by Lounaci et al. 2000. Habrophlebia djurdjurensis is in fact more related to H. vaillantorum Thomas, 1996 but can be separated by characters on the nymphs and male imago. This is the fourth species of Habrophlebia reported from North Africa.

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8

Hachour, K., N. Talmat-Chaouchi, and R. Moulaï. "Diversity and Structure of Nesting Birds in the Coastal Riparian Zones of Great Kabylia in Algeria." Zoodiversity 55, no. 4 (2021): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/zoo2021.04.351.

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The study of the nesting birds of the coastal riparian zones in Great Kabylia in Algeria, allowed us to identify 45 species of birds, belonging to 12 orders and 26 families. The richest site in terms of species is Takdempt (31 species). The lowest diversity is noted at the level of Boudouaou wadi with 16 species. The values of the Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H') for all sites are quite high (≥3 bits). Concerning the global abundance of avifauna, the site that represents the highest centesimal frequency is that of Takdempt (20.87 %) and this is due to the presence of a colony of Bubulcus ibis (Linnaeus, 1758). The bird communities of the sampled sites are not identical, but the degree of similarity, in general, is quite high (≥ 50 %). The main factors controlling the diversity and the structure of the avifauna of Great Kabylia coastal riparian zones are represented by vertical and horizontal vegetation structure

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9

DJENNOUNE, DALILA, FAIZA MARNICHE, MANSOUR AMROUN, and RAPHAËL BOULAY. "Comparative diet of hedgehogs (Atelerix algirus) in two localities in Kabylia, Algeria." TURKISH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 42, no. 2 (March 21, 2018): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1705-51.

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10

Goodman, Jane E. "The Half-Lives of Texts: Poetry, Politics, and Ethnography in Kabylia, Algeria." Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 12, no. 2 (December 2002): 157–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jlin.2002.12.2.157.

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Silverstein, Paul A. "Village matters: knowledge, politics and community in Kabylia, Algeria - By Judith Scheele." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 16, no. 2 (June 2010): 429–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9655.2010.01632_23.x.

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12

Marzouki, Nadia. "Conversion as Statelessness: A Study of Contemporary Algerian Conversions to Evangelical Christianity." Middle East Law and Governance 4, no. 1 (2012): 69–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633712x626053.

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This article analyzes current practices of conversion to Evangelical Christianity from the perspective of a contentious relation between state and society in Algeria. Based on a pragmatist approach to religion as a contextual and practical accomplishment, this study shows how Evangelical Christianity has provided converts with a new understanding of freedom that is based on the cultivation of a pure faith. It examines how this renewed piety contributes to the formation of an alternative ideal of the Algerian nation, one that contradicts the Arabo-Islamist FLN imposed narrative. Drawing upon observations gathered during several research trips in Kabylia, Algiers and Oran, this paper does not seek to develop a general theory of Muslim conversions in the Muslim world. Rather, it presents the ways in which conversion is practiced and explained by Algerian converts within the specific political and cultural context in which they live. It shows how converts’ discourse and practice connect global Evangelical themes to claims and contentions that emerge specifically from Algerian political and religious history. In doing so, it seeks to contribute to the ongoing scholarly discussions of the complex ways in which global Pentecostalism blends into local cultures.

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13

Meddour-Sahar, Ouahiba, Raffaella Lovreglio, Rachid Meddour, Vittorio Leone, and Arezki Derridj. "Fire and People in Three Rural Communities in Kabylia (Algeria): Results of a Survey." Open Journal of Forestry 03, no. 01 (2013): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojf.2013.31006.

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14

Ahmim, Mourad, and Aissa Moali. "The diet of the Maghrebian mouse-eared bat Myotis punicus (Mammalia, Chiroptera) in Kabylia, Northern Algeria." Ecologia mediterranea 37, no. 1 (2011): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecmed.2011.1346.

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15

Medkour, H., Y. Laidoudi, I. Lafri, I. Bitam, O. Mediannikov, and B. Davoust. "Canine leishmaniosis and first report of Leishmania infantum in the blood of equids in Kabylia (Algeria)." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 79 (February 2019): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.290.

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Ghorab, Asma, María Shantal Rodríguez-Flores, Rifka Nakib, Olga Escuredo, Latifa Haderbache, Farid Bekdouche, and María Carmen Seijo. "Sensorial, Melissopalynological and Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Honey from Babors Kabylia’s Region (Algeria)." Foods 10, no. 2 (January 22, 2021): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10020225.

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This study aimed to characterize the honeys of Babors Kabylia through sensory, melissopalynological and physico-chemical parameters. Thirty samples of honey produced in this region were collected over a period of two years and analyzed. All the samples presented physico-chemical parameters in conformity with legislation on honey quality, with few exceptions, linked mainly to beekeeping management. The pollen spectrum revealed a great diversity with 96 pollen types. The main pollen types were spontaneous species as Fabaceae (Hedysarum, Trifolium, Genisteae plants), Asteraceae plants, Ericaceae (Erica arborea L.) or Myrtus and Pistacia. The sensory properties of samples showed a high tendency to crystallization, the colors were from white to brown, but most of them had gold color. Smell and odor corresponded mainly to vegetal and fruity families and in taste perceptions besides sweetness highlighted sourness and saltiness notes. Seventeen samples were polyfloral, one was from honeydew and twelve were monofloral from heather, genista plants, sulla, blackberry or Asteraceae. Heather and the honeydew samples showed the darkest color, the highest electrical conductivity and phenol and flavonoid content. A statistical analysis based on the most representative pollen types, sensory properties and some physico-chemical components allowed the differentiation of honey samples in terms of botanical origin.

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17

Djemai, Mohammed, Hakim Saibi, Mohamed Mesbah, and Andrew Robertson. "Spatio-temporal evolution of the physico-chemical water characteristics of the Sebaou river valley (Great Kabylia, Algeria)." Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies 12 (August 2017): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.04.002.

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Youcef Khodja, Lounis, Fatma Rahmania, Régis Courtecuisse, and Pierre-Arthur Moreau. "First check-list with the occurrence of new records of Agaricomycetes (Fungi, Basidiomycota) in Babors Kabylia (Northern Algeria)." Ecologia mediterranea 46, no. 2 (2020): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecmed.2020.2105.

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19

Boukhemza-Zemmouri, N., Y. Farhi, A. Mohamed Sahnoun, and M. Boukhemza. "Diet composition and prey choice by the House MartinDelichon urbica(Aves: Hirundinidae) during the breeding period in Kabylia, Algeria." Italian Journal of Zoology 80, no. 1 (March 2013): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250003.2012.733138.

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20

Cheilletz, A., G. Ruffet, C. Marignac, O. Kolli, D. Gasquet, G. Féraud, and J. P. Bouillin. "40Ar/39Ar dating of fault : Evidence of an Eo-alpine event (128 Ma) in Greater Kabylia (Algeria): Geodynamic consequences." Chinese Science Bulletin 43, S1 (August 1998): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02891382.

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21

Boularias, Ghania, Naouelle Azzag, Clemence Galon, Ladislav Šimo, Henri-Jean Boulouis, and Sara Moutailler. "High-Throughput Microfluidic Real-Time PCR for the Detection of Multiple Microorganisms in Ixodid Cattle Ticks in Northeast Algeria." Pathogens 10, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10030362.

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Ixodid ticks are hematophagous arthropods considered to be prominent ectoparasite vectors that have a negative impact on cattle, either through direct injury or via the transmission of several pathogens. In this study, we investigated the molecular infection rates of numerous tick-borne pathogens in ticks sampled on cattle from the Kabylia region, northeastern Algeria, using a high-throughput microfluidic real-time PCR system. A total of 235 ticks belonging to seven species of the genera Rhipicephalus, Hyalomma, and Ixodes were sampled on cattle and then screened for the presence of 36 different species of bacteria and protozoans. The most prevalent tick-borne microorganisms were Rickettsia spp. at 79.1%, followed by Francisella-like endosymbionts (62.9%), Theileria spp. (17.8%), Anaplasma spp. (14.4%), Bartonella spp. (6.8%), Borrelia spp. (6.8%), and Babesia spp. (2.5%). Among the 80.4% of ticks bearing microorganisms, 20%, 36.6%, 21.7%, and 2.1% were positive for one, two, three, and four different microorganisms, respectively. Rickettsia aeschlimannii was detected in Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma detritum, and Rhipicephalus bursa ticks. Rickettsia massiliae was found in Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and Rickettsiamonacensis and Rickettsia helvetica were detected in Ixodesricinus. Anaplasma marginale was found in all identified tick genera, but Anaplasma centrale was detected exclusively in Rhipicephalus spp. ticks. The DNA of Borrelia spp. and Bartonella spp. was identified in several tick species. Theileria orientalis was found in R. bursa, R. sanguineus, H. detritum, H. marginatum, and I. ricinus and Babesia bigemina was found in Rhipicephalus annulatus and R. sanguineus. Our study highlights the importance of tick-borne pathogens in cattle in Algeria.

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Kerbel, Safia, Ines Abdelli, Hakim Azzi, Jean-Francois Debras, and Abdellah Kellouche. "Fatty acid composition and biological activity of four olive oils from Kabylia (Algeria) against Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae) infesting wheat seeds." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Biologia 66, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbbiol.2021.1.01.

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The use of conventional insecticides is one of the most widely used methods of controlling pests of stored grains. But the presence of toxic residues in treated commodities and the emergence of insect resistant strains are becoming a growing concern. Olive oil is well known throughout the world for its benefits to human health, but little known for its biological activity against insect pests.The aim of this work is to study the fatty acid composition and the insecticidal activity of oils according to origin of plantation, against one of the main insect pests of stored grain Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae). The olive oils were obtained using an oleodoser from olives of the 'Chemlal' variety harvested in 4 olive groves in Kabylia (Algeria) and the analysis of the fatty acid composition was carried out by gas chromatography. The main fatty acids found are oleic, palmitic and linoleic acids. Biological tests conducted under laboratory conditions, at a temperature of 30±1°C and a relative humidity of 70 ± 5 %, revealed that the 4 olive oils, applied on soft wheat grains, showed a contact toxicity against R. dominica. The toxicity of the oils varied as a function of the dose and the duration of treatments. After 24 h of exposure, all oils tested at the highest dose (0.4 mL/25 g) were found to be highly toxic to adults of R. dominica, with mortality rates ranging from 72.5 to 95 %. The toxicity of the 4 oils based on the LD50 (mL/25 g) values for 24 h mortality is established as follows: Maatkas (213), Bachloul (232), Tadmait (234) and M'Chedellah (263). The number of the F1 offspring decreases as the dose of oil is increased to reach zero with the highest dose, for all treatments. All oils tested completely preserve soft wheat seeds from R. dominica attacks using the same highest dose. On the other hand, results also revealed that treatments with olive oil do not affect the germination capacity of soft wheat seeds.

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Aïdi, Chafik, Marie-Odile Beslier, Abdel Karim Yelles-Chaouche, Frauke Klingelhoefer, Rabah Bracene, Audrey Galve, Abdallah Bounif, et al. "Deep structure of the continental margin and basin off Greater Kabylia, Algeria – New insights from wide-angle seismic data modeling and multichannel seismic interpretation." Tectonophysics 728-729 (March 2018): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2018.01.007.

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24

Yahiaoui, Merzouk, Hassiba Laribi-Habchi, Khelifa Bouacem, Katia-Louiza Asmani, Sondes Mechri, Mohamed Harir, Hamdi Bendif, Radia Aïssani-El Fertas, and Bassem Jaouadi. "Purification and biochemical characterization of a new organic solvent-tolerant chitinase from Paenibacillus timonensis strain LK-DZ15 isolated from the Djurdjura Mountains in Kabylia, Algeria." Carbohydrate Research 483 (September 2019): 107747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2019.107747.

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Barache, Nacim, Yanath Belguesmia, Rabia Ladjouzi, Farida Bendali, and Djamel Drider. "Clusters of Lactobacillus Strains from Vegetal Origins Are Associated with Beneficial Functions: Experimental Data and Statistical Interpretations." Foods 9, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9080985.

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Nine strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and one strain of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei that were recently isolated from prickly pears, fresh figs and blackberries, which are traditionally and largely consumed fruits in Kabylia (north of Algeria), were studied here for their antagonism and antioxidant properties as well as for production of exopolysaccharides. With respect to their inhibitory properties, these strains were tested against three food representative pathogens including Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Staphylococcus aureus 2S6 and Listeria monocytogenes 162. The antagonism of these pathogens was attributable to lactic acid production, present in the cell free supernatant, at concentrations ranging from 9 to 16.74 g/L. The anti-adhesive properties observed on polystyrene or eukaryotic Caco-2 cells were exerted in a strain dependent-manner. Indeed, the scores obtained ranged from 27% to 75% for S. aureus 2S6, 54% to 95% for L. monocytogenes 162, and 50% to 97% for E. coli ATCC 8739. The co-aggregation of these Lactobacillus strains with the aforementioned target bacteria appeared to be exerted in a strain-dependent manner, with noticeably the upmost rate for Lb. paracasei FB1 on S. aureus 2S6. Interestingly, these novel Lactobacillus strains were able to produce a large amount (315.55 to 483.22 mg/L) of exopolysaccharides, and showed a significant scavenging activity on the 2,2-di-phényl-2-picrylhydrazyle (DPPH) synthetic free radical with rates of 51% to 56%. Of note, the highest antioxidant activity was observed for Lb. paracasei FB1 using the culture supernatants, intact cells or the intracellular extract. The statistical analysis of these data using the principal component analysis (ACP) enabled us to establish three distinct clusters with potential applications as bioprotective and/or probiotic agents, following further evaluation.

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Cheilletz, A., G. Ruffet, C. Marignac, O. Kolli, D. Gasquet, G. Féraud, and J. P. Bouillin. "40Ar/39Ar dating of shear zones in the Variscan basement of Greater Kabylia (Algeria). Evidence of an Eo-Alpine event at 128 Ma (Hauterivian–Barremian boundary): geodynamic consequences." Tectonophysics 306, no. 1 (May 1999): 97–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-1951(99)00047-5.

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Haddad, Benalia, Alessandro Silvestre Gristina, Francesco Mercati, Abd Elkader Saadi, Nassima Aiter, Adriana Martorana, Abdoallah Sharaf, and Francesco Carimi. "Molecular Analysis of the Official Algerian Olive Collection Highlighted a Hotspot of Biodiversity in the Central Mediterranean Basin." Genes 11, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11030303.

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Genetic diversity and population structure studies of local olive germplasm are important to safeguard biodiversity, for genetic resources management and to improve the knowledge on the distribution and evolution patterns of this species. In the present study Algerian olive germplasm was characterized using 16 nuclear (nuSSR) and six chloroplast (cpSSR) microsatellites. Algerian varieties, collected from the National Olive Germplasm Repository (ITAFV), 10 of which had never been genotyped before, were analyzed. Our results highlighted the presence of an exclusive genetic core represented by 13 cultivars located in a mountainous area in the North-East of Algeria, named Little Kabylie. Comparison with published datasets, representative of the Mediterranean genetic background, revealed that the most Algerian varieties showed affinity with Central and Eastern Mediterranean cultivars. Interestingly, cpSSR phylogenetic analysis supported results from nuSSRs, highlighting similarities between Algerian germplasm and wild olives from Greece, Italy, Spain and Morocco. This study sheds light on the genetic relationship of Algerian and Mediterranean olive germplasm suggesting possible events of secondary domestication and/or crossing and hybridization across the Mediterranean area. Our findings revealed a distinctive genetic background for cultivars from Little Kabylie and support the increasing awareness that North Africa represents a hotspot of diversity for crop varieties and crop wild relative species.

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Laidani, Amar. "The role of the natural law in the French second colonial Empire. The example of the French colonial law in Algeria (1830-1930)." Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Iurisprudentia 65, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): 141–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbiur.65(2020).3.5.

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The article examines the role played by the natural law in the History of French colonial law during the Second French colonial Empire. We analyse how the notion of the natural law, which was perceived as an instrument of emancipation during the French Revolution, became an instrument of legal acculturation in the French colonial law in Algeria. We focus the attention on the case of Algeria during the period 1830-1930, for the reason that in this colony, the French tried to apply a policy of legal assimilation that tried to modify the Muslim law and the Kabyle customary law, making them more similar to the French law. The natural law had an important role in three phenomena: the implantation of private property, the codification of the Kabyles’ customs and the Muslim Law and the reformation of the customary law in the matters of inheritance and marriage.

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COOMBES, ALLEN J., and FRANCISCO MARÍA VÁZQUEZ. "Correct citation and lectotypification of Quercus ×kabylica and Q. ×numidica (Fagaceae)." Phytotaxa 478, no. 2 (January 6, 2021): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.478.2.9.

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Publication details for the oaks Quercus ×kabylica and Q. ×numidica, described from Algeria, are determined, and lectotypes for both names, as well as for Quercus afares f. spinosa and Q. ×numidica var. brevisquama, are designated. Quercus ×kabylica and Q. ×numidica are regarded as representing the same taxon, for which the correct name is Q. ×numidica.

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Beke, Dirk. "De Berberse Identiteit en Het Nieuwe Meerpartijenstelsel in Algerije." Afrika Focus 9, no. 1-2 (February 2, 1993): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-0090102007.

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Berber Identity and the New Multi-Partyism in Algeria The article first argues that the present population of Algeria can be designed as Arabo-Berber and Berber. The original inhabitants, collectively identified by most historians as Berbers, formed no physical ethnic unity, but they had a common Berber language and culture. The Islamisation of the population of North Africa proceeded faster and became almost general, this in contrast to the slower and more limited Arabisation. The physical-ethnic process of Arabisation by settlement and fusion was altogether restrained. The Arabisaiton was essentially a cultural process (language, popular culture, customs, politics, science, arts). About one fourth of the present Algerians resisted to (entire) Arabisation. They are living in, or originated from mountain or desert regions (Kabyles, Shawiya, Mozabites, Touareg). Since independence the official policy of Arabisation, against the strong influence of the French language, referred exclusively to Arabic character of the nation. All expressions of the Berber identity, culture and language were oppressed. Since 1980, a growing cultural revival, mainly among the Kabyles, reacted to this policy. The movement was rather cultural than political. The Berber speaking Algerians seem involved into malry other regional and national alliances. With the introduction of the multi-partyism, in 1989, two ‘Berber’ political parties became active: the FFS (Front des Forces socialistes) and the RCD (Rassemblernent pour la Culture et la Démocratie). Both parties claim to be national parties and insist on defending, besides the recognition of the Berber identity and culture, general political options (socialism, democracy etc.). Electoral results, however, show that their support comes essentially from different factions of the Berber speaking population. It is obvious that the Berber ethnicity is used to gain electoral backing. Besides, today the two ‘Berber’ parties represent the strongest opposition to the Islamic (= Arabic) fundamentalist party, the FIS (Front islamique de Salut), because of their resistance to social, cultural and political intolerance. Secessionist ideas based on Berber ethnicity live only among a small – but well-organised – minority. At the end of 1992, the Berber ethnicity is in Algeria primarily an element of cultural and regional recognition and only secondary an element of political coherence. Finally, Berber ethnicity has also invalidated the official political myth of the homogeneous Algerian Arabic ethnicity.

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Kalman, Samuel. "Unlawful Acts or Strategies of Resistance?" French Historical Studies 43, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 85–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-7920478.

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Abstract This article examines anticolonial crime in interwar French Algeria. Faced with European attempts at political, economic, and cultural hegemony, and battered by poverty, legal discrimination, and official/police intransigence, Algerians often used criminal acts in an effort to destabilize and undermine French authority. This article examines the case study of the Department of Constantine, where Arab/Kabyle inhabitants regularly engaged in anticolonial crime and violence, including the robbery of arms and explosives from government buildings and mines, train derailments, and football hooliganism. More seriously, certain “criminals” engaged in the murder of settlers and attacked or killed police officers and administrative officials. In both city and countryside the official response was brutal: the violation of suspects' rights, excessive force in lieu of arrests, vigilante killings of suspects, and the forced removal of the families of anyone deemed outside the law. In this way, administrators and law enforcement tried to restore European predominance, yet the increasing prevalence of anticolonial crime effectively helped pave the way for popular nationalist movements in the post-1945 era and the 1954–62 Algerian War of Independence. Cet article examine la criminalité anticoloniale dans l'Algérie de l'entre-deux-guerres. Face aux efforts européens pour construire l'hégémonie politique, économique et culturelle, et touchés grièvement par la misère, un code juridique discriminatoire et l'intransigeance des fonctionnaires et policiers, les Algériens ont exploité la criminalité violente pour déstabiliser et saper le pouvoir colonial. Plus précisément, cet article analyse l'exemple de Constantine, le département où les habitants arabes et kabyles s'impliquent régulièrement dans la criminalité anticoloniale, y compris le vol des armements et explosifs dans les immeubles gouvernementaux et les mines, le déraillement des trains et le hooliganisme. Plus grave, certains « criminels » se sont engagés dans l'homicide volontaire contre les colons, et dans des attentats contre les commissaires de police et les administrateurs. Que ce soit dans le milieu urbain ou à la campagne, les pouvoirs ont répondu brutalement, par la violation des droits des suspects, l'usage excessif de la force, l'assassinat des « coupables » et la relocalisation forcée des hors-la-loi et de leurs familles. De cette façon, les administrateurs et la police ont essayé de soutenir la domination européenne en Algérie. Néanmoins, la croissance de la criminalité anticoloniale a ouvert la voie aux mouvements nationalistes populaires après 1945 et pendant la guerre d'indépendance (1954–62).

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VELA, ERROL, GÉRARD DE BÉLAIR, MARCELA ROSATO, and JOSEP ROSSELLÓ. "Taxonomic remarks on Scilla anthericoides Poir. (Asparagaceae, Scilloideae), a neglected species from Algeria." Phytotaxa 288, no. 2 (December 14, 2016): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.288.2.5.

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Scilla anthericoides is a neglected name traditionally considered as Urginea maritima var. anthericoides. Based on recent field observations of living plants completed by karyological analyses, we promote again this taxon at species rank, under the genus Charybdis. It differs from other species of Charybdis maritima aggregate by many characters of flowers, fruits, bulbs, leaves and by ploidy level. It is endemic to the regional hotspot Kabylias-Numidia-Kroumiria in north-eastern Algeria. It is a threatened species that has been assessed as vulnerable.

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Bougaham, Abdelazize. "Breeding ecology of the European Robin (Erithacus Rubecula) in the Kabylie of the Babors (Algerian northeast)." Lebanese Science Journal 20, no. 3 (December 27, 2019): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22453/lsj-020.3.344-351.

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The breeding ecology of the Robin Erithacusrubeculawas studied in Kabylie of Babors from Algeria, during three years (2016, 2017 and 2018). The breeding season was earlier (March 31) and the clutch sizes were lower (4.15 ± 0.36) compared to their congeners in the Iberian Peninsula. The breeding success atfledging was 2.25 chicks per nest and human disturbance accounted for most of the losses. Robins used up to 23 different plant taxa for nest construction, although the number of different plant species varied from 10 to 14.

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Izri, M. A., S. Belazzoug, Y. Boudjebla, J. Dereure, S. Pratlong, A. Delalbre-Belmonte, and J. A. Rioux. "Leishmania infantumMon-1 isole dePhlebotomus perniciosus, en Kabylie (Algerie)." Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée 65, no. 3 (1990): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1990653151.

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35

Meziane, Mohamad Amer. "Reflections on Race and Ethnicity in North Africa Towards a Conceptual Critique of the Arab–Berber Divide." Review of Middle East Studies 54, no. 2 (December 2020): 269–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rms.2021.24.

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AbstractThis essay argues that the usages of the divide between Berbers and Arabs by the Algerian government and Berber activists alike should be analyzed in light of the transformation of the Imazighen into a cultural minority by the nation-state. The nation-state's definition of the majority as Arab, as well as the very concept of a minority, has shaped both the status and the grammar of the Arab-Berber divide in ways that are irreducible to how this binary functioned under French colonialism. In order to understand the distinct modes by which these categories function in Algeria today, one needs to analyze how the language of the nation-state determines their grammar, namely how they are deployed within this political context. Hence, by focusing primarily on French colonial representations of race such as the Kabyle Myth and by asserting simplified colonial continuities, the literature fails to make sense of the political centrality of the nation-state in the construction of the Amazigh question.

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Still, Edward. "Mouloud Feraoun, Masculinist Systems and Feminine Thanatos." Irish Journal of French Studies 17, no. 1 (December 2, 2017): 45–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7173/164913317822236110.

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Postcolonial literary criticism has long acknowledged the importance of the work of Mouloud Feraoun (1913–1962) as an expression of autochthonous lived experience in opposition to the orientalist narratives that had previously defined the Algerian literary domain. This article argues that contained within Feraoun's re-drawing of the terms of Kabyle existence from a Kabyle perspective is a critique of the symbolic reality of Kabyle life itself, particularly of its gendered divisions. Specifically, this article illuminates the potential for Feraoun's texts to be read through the prisms of Bourdieusian sociological and Lacanian psychoanalytical epistemologies where they evoke oppressive masculinist symbolic structures and women's capacity to manipulate, resist and subvert these structures. Special attention is paid to evocations of a feminine revolutionary 'death drive' or Thanatos in the novels Le Fils du pauvre (1950), La Terre et le sang (1953) and Les Chemins qui montent (1957), and to a feminine awareness of the 'phallic' nature of pernicious Kabyle masculinist epistemes that lead to the ruin of Feraoun's protagonists.

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Maas, Gabrielle. "Berber government: the Kabyle polity in pre-colonial Algeria." Journal of North African Studies 23, no. 3 (September 11, 2017): 482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2017.1371379.

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Dahmani, Mustapha, Abdelghani Loudahi, Oleg Mediannikov, Florence Fenollar, Didier Raoult, and Bernard Davoust. "Molecular detection of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis in dogs from Kabylie, Algeria." Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 6, no. 2 (March 2015): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2014.12.007.

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39

Monié, P., H. Maluski, A. Saadallah, and R. Gaby. "New39Ar-40Ar ages of Hercynian and Alpine thermotectonic events in Grande Kabylie (Algeria)." Tectonophysics 152, no. 1-2 (September 1988): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(88)90029-7.

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Mahdjoub, Y., and O. Merle. "Cinematique des deformations tertiaires dans le massif de Petite Kabylie (Algerie orientale)." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France VI, no. 4 (July 1, 1990): 629–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.vi.4.629.

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Derridj, A., G. Ghemouri, R. Meddour, and O. Meddour-Sahar. "APPROCHE ETHNOBOTANIQUE DES PLANTES MEDICINALES EN KABYLIE (WILAYA DE TIZI OUZOU, ALGERIE)." Acta Horticulturae, no. 853 (February 2010): 425–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2010.853.52.

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42

Moula, N., F. Farnir, A. Salhi, M. Iguer-Ouada, P. Leroy, and N. Antoine-Moussiaux. "Backyard poultry in Kabylie (Algeria): from an indigenous chicken to a local poultry breed?" Animal Genetic Resources/Ressources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales 50 (June 2012): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s207863361200001x.

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Brahmi, K., S. Aulagnier, S. Slimani, C. S. Mann, S. Doumandji, and B. Baziz. "Diet of the Greater white-toothed shrewCrocidura russula(Mammalia: Soricidae) in Grande Kabylie (Algeria)." Italian Journal of Zoology 79, no. 2 (June 2012): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250003.2011.625449.

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44

Titouh, Khayreddine, Azzedine Mazari, and Mohand Zine Aït Meziane. "Contribution to improvement of the traditional extraction of olive oil by pressure from whole and stoned olives by addition of a co-adjuvant (talc)." OCL 27 (2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2020017.

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The olive growing is one of the strategic sectors of the Algerian economy. Traditional olive culture located in the mountains of Kabylia offers typical oil widely preferred by a large part of the Algerian consumers. However, this ancestral culture risks not only abandonment but suffers much more from uncontrolled of the good practices surrounding this local product requiring a valorization accompanied by improvement. Indeed, the difficulty to extract the total oil contained in the fruit is one of the main obstacles of the extraction method particularly by pressure. Nevertheless, some actions as the addition of co-adjuvant during the malaxing process allow improving efficiency of the extraction process. Our results indicate that the addition of 2.5% of talc as a co-adjuvant to a moistless paste obtained from whole olives significantly improves the oil yield by about 4.4% without altering the acidity compared to the control. Similarly, stoning improves the moisture of the pressed mass although without improving yield of the oil characterized by a slight decrease in acidity compared to other extracted oils. Therefore, our results confirm the beneficial effect of talc on the extraction of olive oil and contribute to the improvement of the traditional extraction by pressure to enhance the value of this local product.

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EFFROS, BONNIE. "Berber genealogy and the politics of prehistoric archaeology and craniology in French Algeria (1860s–1880s)." British Journal for the History of Science 50, no. 1 (February 16, 2017): 61–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087417000024.

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AbstractFollowing the conquest of Algiers and its surrounding territory by the French army in 1830, officers noted an abundance of standing stones in this region of North Africa. Although they attracted considerably less attention among their cohort than more familiar Roman monuments such as triumphal arches and bridges, these prehistoric remains were similar to formations found in Brittany and other parts of France. The first effort to document these remains occurred in 1863, when Laurent-Charles Féraud, a French army interpreter, recorded thousands of dolmens and stone formations south-west of Constantine. Alleging that these constructions were Gallic, Féraud hypothesized the close affinity of the French, who claimed descent from the ancient Gauls, with the early inhabitants of North Africa. After Féraud's claims met with scepticism among many prehistorians, French scholars argued that these remains were constructed by the ancestors of the Berbers (Kabyles in contemporary parlance), whom they hypothesized had been dominated by a blond race of European origin. Using craniometric statistics of human remains found in the vicinity of the standing stones to propose a genealogy of the Kabyles, French administrators in Algeria thereafter suggested that their mixed origins allowed them to adapt more easily than the Arab population to French colonial governance. This case study at the intersection of prehistoric archaeology, ancient history and craniology exposes how genealogical (and racial) classification made signal contributions to French colonial ideology and policy between the 1860s and 1880s.

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Djenane, Djamel, Javier Yangüela, Pedro Roncalés, and Mohammed Aider. "Use of Essential Oils as Natural Food Preservatives: Effect on the Growth of Salmonella Enteritidis in Liquid Whole Eggs Stored Under Abuse Refrigerated Conditions." Journal of Food Research 2, no. 3 (May 14, 2013): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v2n3p65.

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<p>The steam distillation-extracted essential oils (EOs) of three aromatic plants from the Kabylie region of Algeria (<em>Eucalyptus globulus</em>, <em>Lavandula angustifolia</em>, and <em>Satureja hortensis</em>) were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The primary compounds from these EOs were 1,8-cineole (81.70%) for <em>Eucalyptus globulus</em>, 1,8-cineole (37.80%) and Beta-caryophyllene (20.90%) for <em>Lavandula angustifolia</em>, and carvacrol (46.10%), p-cymene (12.04%), and r-terpinene (11.43%) for <em>Satureja hortensis</em>. To test the antibacterial properties of the EOs, agar diffusion and microdilution methods were used for <em>Salmonella enterica</em> serovar Enteritidis CECT 4300. The results revealed that all of the EOs possessed a significant anti-Salmonella activity. The inhibition diameters for <em>Lavandula angustifolia</em> and Eucalyptus globulus were 41.30 and 35.26 mm, respectively, whereas the essential oil (EO) of <em>Satureja hortensis</em> showed a stronger anti-Salmonella activity (51.15 mm) when compared to the two other EOs. The minimum inhibitory concentration values ranged from 1 to 8 uL/mL, and the MIC value of the <em>Lavandula angustifolia</em> EO was the lowest (1 uL/mL). Moreover, the anti-Salmonella activity of the EOs added at various concentrations to liquid whole eggs was investigated, and the results showed that the antibacterial effect is proportional to the quantity of EO added to the product. Based on the observed anti-Salmonella activity, the EOs tested are promising natural alternatives for the preservation of liquid whole eggs stored at 7 ± 1ºC to simulate Algerian refrigeration conditions.</p>

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Moussouni, Lotfi, Mokhtar Benhanifia, Mokhtar Saidi, and Abdelhanine Ayad. "Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasitism Infections in Cattle of Bass Kabylie Area: Case of Bejaia Province, Algeria." Macedonian Veterinary Review 41, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/macvetrev-2018-0010.

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Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, identification of species and the dynamics of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites during humid and dry seasons in local cattle of different ages. The study was carried out in the Province of Bejaia, Algeria from December 2013 to June 2014. A total of 143 fecal samples were collected from different cattle herds. Fecal samples were visually examined then observed using flotation and sedimentation microscopic techniques. Eggs and worms were identified according to standard procedures. 63% of the cattle examined were found positive with one or more parasite species. Our results revealed that the eggs of Eimeria spp. are predominant (43.87%) followed by Strongylus spp. (30.32%) and Fasciola hepatica (12.25%). Eggs of Strongyloides papillosus, Moniezia benedeni, Paramphistomum daubneyi. and Toxocara vitulorum represent 1.29%, 1.93%, 1.93% and 6.45%, respectively. There is a significant difference between the sex of the animal and the prevalence rate of Strongyle spp. and Eimeria spp. (P< 0.01 ). As for the body condition score, there is a statically significant (P< 0.01 ) difference between the prevalence rate of GI parasite and the nutritional status of cattle. In conclusion, our preliminary investigation demonstrated highly prevalent and that abundance of the polyparasitism nature of the disease in Bass Kabylie area. Also, there was a relationship between the distribution of GI parasitism in cattle and the factors analyzed (body condition score, age and sex). Further studies are need for planning future research and to design rational and sustainable locally GI parasites control programmes.

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Saadallah, A., and R. Caby. "Alpine extensional detachment tectonics in the Grande Kabylie metamorphic core complex of the Maghrebides (northern Algeria)." Tectonophysics 267, no. 1-4 (December 1996): 257–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-1951(96)00101-1.

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Santucci, Jean-François, and El Hadi Khoumeri. "Orientations of Megalithic Tombs in Algeria (1): Djebel Mazela and Rocknia Necropolises, and the Kabylian Allées Couvertes." Journal for the History of Astronomy 39, no. 1 (February 2008): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002182860803900104.

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Bouftouha, Y., and A. Bourefis. "Comparative metallogenic aspects of the granite and skarns of Kabylie of Collo and Filfila (North-East Algeria)." Journal of African Earth Sciences 56, no. 2-3 (February 2010): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2009.05.009.

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