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1
Viselgaitė, Neringa. "Kainos veiksnio raiška kuriant prekės ženklo vertę." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20140626_184712-22211.
Full textAbstract:
Darbo tikslas – atskleisti kainų priedo ir vartotojo suvokiamos prekės ženklo vertės sąsajas. Darbo struktūrą nusako tyrimo objektas, tikslas bei iškelti uždaviniai. Darbą sudaro trys pagrindinės dalys. Pirmoji dalis yra „Kainos veiksnio raiška, kuriant prekės ženklo vertę teoriniai aspektai“. Šioje dalyje nagrinėjami literatūros šaltiniai ir aiškinamasi prekės ženklo samprata ir teikiama nauda, vertė ir jos dedamosios, bei kainų veiksnys kuriant prekės ženklo vertę. Antroji darbo dalis “Empirinių kainos ir prekės ženklo vertės tyrimų apžvalga“. Šioje dalyje analizuojami užsienio autorių atlikti tyrimai kainos ir prekės ženklo vertės tematika. Atrenkamas modelis, kuriuo remiantis bus vykdomas tyrimas. Trečioji darbo dalis „Kainos priedo ir vartotojų suvokiamos prekės ženklo vertės empirinis tyrimas“. Šioje dalyje aprašomas kainos priedo ir vartotojų suvokiamos prekės ženklo vertės empirinis tyrimas remiantis nereceptinių vaistų nuo peršalimo pavyzdžiu. Analizuojami ir pateikiami rezultatai.The main purpose of this work is to review, analyze and identify link between price premium and consumer’s perceived brand equity. The paperwork consists three main parts: The first chapter of work is called “Expression of price factor on creating brand equity based on theory”, analyses various sources of literatures based on brand equity definition and it’s benefits, value and components. There is analysis of price factor on creating brand equity. The second chapter of work is called “Overview of empirical researches of price and brand equity”, describes researches, related to price and brand equity topic. In this chapter model of price premium and brand equity is identified. Further research is based on this model. The third chapter of work is called “Empirical research of price and brand equity”, describes empirical research of price premium and consumer’s perceived brand value, based on non-prescription medicine against flu. The paper is summarized by conclusions based on the tasks. The bibliography includes the sources of Lithuanian and English literature, also includes 23 pictures, 9 tables and 3 appendixes.
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Paplauskienė, Edita. "Valstybinė vaistų kainų reguliavimo strategija Lietuvos rinkoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20140626_201047-79183.
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Valstybino vaistų kainų reguliavimo tyrimai iki šiol nebuvo plačiai atliekami. Lietuvoje vėl bandoma pritaikyti seną nepasiteisinusį būdą - riboti konkurenciją vaistų rinkoje, - taikyti buhalterines priemones riboti prekybininkų antkainį. Receptinių vaistų kainos buvo reguliuojamos iki 2002 m. ir šio reguliavimo buvo atsisakyta dėl grėsmės gyventojams apskirtai neturėti galimybės įsigyti vaistų. Susiformavus kainų reguliavimo užuomazgoms, vaistų kainų reguliavimo problema tapo viena iš aktualiausių šių dienų tyrimų klausimu. Tačiau iki šiol dažniausiai nagrinėjami tik konkretūs atskirų sričių (energetikos, žemės ūkio, transporto) taikomi kainų reguliavimo būdai bei juos formuojantys veiksniai. Tuo tarpu Lietuvoje valstybino vaistų kainų reguliavimo sritis yra gan nauja, moksliniuose darbuose nedaug nagrinėjama ir jų metodologijos interpretavimo klausimų yra nedaug pateikta. Todėl susidaro prielaida įsigilinti labiau į šią sritį, ar vaistų kainų reguliavimas yra efektyvus Lietuvos farmacijos rinkoje.State drug price control studies to date have not been widely carried out. Lithuania once again the failed attempt to adapt the old way - to limit competition in the drug market - the application of accounting measures to limit traders' mark-up. Prescription drug prices were regulated until 2002 and this regulation was abandoned in favor of the threat the population in general, not be able to buy drugs. Formation of the rudiments of price regulation, price regulation of medicines has become a problem in one of the most pressing issue of today's research. However, so far mostly dealt with only specific individual areas (energy, agriculture, transport), subject to price regulation and their methods of forming factors. In Lithuania the public domain in the prices of medicines are relatively new, few research works question the methodology and interpretation issues are given little. Therefore implies a greater insight into this area or regulation of prices of medicines are effective in Lithuanian pharmaceutical market.
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Crop, Eared Wolf Annabel, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Matsiyipaitapiiyssini : Kainai peacekeeping and peacemaking." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2007, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/655.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this thesis is to explore and provide an understanding of Kainai
peacekeeping and peacemaking within the context of the Kainai worldview, employing
postcolonial Indigenous theory and a Kainai process of inquiry. Relying on the oral
tradition, as articulated by Káínai elders, as a primary source, Káínai peacekeeping and
peacemaking is elucidated through an interpretive approach that examines the
foundational principles of the Káínai worldview, as well as Káínai values, relationships,
traditions, and customs. It is demonstrated how these function in unison to effect
peacekeeping and peacemaking. The results of this study further an understanding of
Káínai peacekeeping and peacemaking, aboriginal justice in general and Indigenous
knowledge. The results will also contribute to Káínai in the development of a
contemporary peacemaking model as part of its Justice Initiative.xi, 165 leaves ; 29 cm.
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Donald, Dwayne Trevor, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Education. "Elder, student, teacher : a Kainai curriculum metissage." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbrige, Faculty of Education, 2003, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/147.
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Aboriginal educations is an ambiguous field of study that presents many challenging dilemmas for educators today. A major part of this ambiguity stems from the tendency to emphasize traditional cultural values, Aboriginal identity, and experiences as distinct and unique, and therefore essentially different from mainstream approaches to education. By drawing upon the memories and narrative of my own Metis family as well as the history and memories of the people of the Kainai community from the Blood Reserve in Alberta, I confront some of these dilemmas in both personal and collective ways. Following Eduoard Glissant, Francoise Lionnet, and Mark Zuss, I explore the character of the Kainai community as a tetissage of texts and genres which overlap, interact, juxtapose, and mix the textual contributions of an elder, a student, and a teacher (myself) to create a more complicated portrait of the Kainai community that stretches beyond the 'us versus them' binary. These texts are then interpreted using a (post)colonial framework largely based upon the works of Frantz Fanon, Gerald Vizenor, Homi Bhabha, and Neal McLeod.vi, 206 leaves ; 29 cm.
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Gonçalves, Solange Aparecida 1960. "Aspecto no Kaingang." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/268995.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Wilmar da Rocha D'AngelisDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: A presente dissertação avalia a pertinência do emprego da noção de Aspecto para definir a função desempenhada por um conjunto de partículas oracionais finais na língua Kaingang (família Jê, tronco Macro-Jê). Essa língua indígena é falada no Brasil Meridional em uma população de cerca de 30 mil pessoas. Para tanto, apresenta-se uma revisão da abordagem teórica dos fatos lingüísticos comumente classificados na categoria de Aspecto, destacando as distintas visões do fenômeno, muitas vezes tomado em perspectivas divergentes em diferentes autores. Ressalta-se, por exemplo, a distinção - para alguns teóricos, clara e necessária; para outros, inexistente ou sem grande utilidade - entre Aspecto e Acionalidade ('Aktionsart'). Há resenhas da bibliografia sobre a língua Kaingang, destacando as obras em que o tema foi abordado ou mencionado de algum modo. Finalmente, analisa-se um 'corpus' produzido, em sua maior parte, por dados colhidos diretamente em campo em função dessa pesquisa (uma parte dele, no entanto, é constituído de dados emprestados de outros trabalhos de pesquisa). A partir desses dados, sugerem-se hipóteses sobre a função de tais partículas, apontando, em algumas, efetivas funções aspectuais, mas em outras, uma função modal ou uma perspectiva de evidenciar Acionalidade
Abstract: This dissertation evaluates the relevancy of using the notion of Aspect to define the function performed by a set of final phrasal particles in the Kaingang language (Jê family, Macro-Jê stock). This aboriginal language is spoken by a population of about thirty thousand people in Southern Brazil. For this, a revision of the theoretical approach of the linguistic facts usually classified as Aspect's category is presented, detaching the distinct viewpoints about the phenomenon, many times taken in divergent perspectives by different authors. It's standed out, for example, the distinction - for some theoreticians, clear and necessary; for others, inexistent or without much use - between Aspect and Actionality ('Aktionsart'). There are bibliography summaries on the Kaingang language, detaching the workmanships where the subject boarded or was mentioned in some way. Finally, it is analyzed a set of data that, in its bigger part, was produced in field investigation specially applied for this research (a part of it, however, is constituted of borrowed data of other works of research). From these data, hypotheses are suggested on the function of such particles, concluding, in some cases, that they have effective aspectual functions, but in others, they suggest a modal function or a perspective of evidencing Actionality
Mestrado
Mestre em Linguística
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Belz, Karina Cristiane. "Educação escolar Kaingang." Florianópolis, SC, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/91945.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-24T04:10:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 252374.pdf: 2139890 bytes, checksum: 16d6eb01577441de708cb97416f7cd32 (MD5)
O presente trabalho trata-se de um estudo de caso na Aldeia Indígena Queimadas, localizada no município de Ortigueira/PR - que investiga as práticas dos professores Kaingang, contrapondo-as com as indicações presentes no Referencial Curricular Nacional para as Escolas Indígenas. A pesquisa procura problematizar as falas dos professores Kaingang buscando compreender os desejos e anseios dos professores em relação à escola na aldeia, as ações pedagógicas desenvolvidas com as crianças e o modo que vêm se organizando para construir uma escola verdadeiramente indígena, sendo esta específica/diferenciada, comunitária, intercultural e bilíngüe/multilíngüe. Utilizamos a abordagem metodológica de natureza qualitativa-etnográfica que apoiou-se nos procedimentos metodológicos como entrevistas e conversas com os professores-índios Kaingang, que proporcionou os mecanismos necessários para a reflexão da educação escolar indígena kaingang em Queimadas. A discussão inicia-se apresentando a realidade da educação escolar indígena no Estado do Paraná, dando, em seguida, ênfase à educação escolar indígena ofertada na Escola Estadual Indígena Cacique Crispin Guê-Mon, na aldeia Queimadas. Buscamos identificar a aldeia Queimadas, apresentando os aspectos culturais, sociais e econômicos dos Kaingang que ali vivem. Em seqüência, apresentamos a legislação brasileira e a documentação que rege a educação escolar indígena no Brasil. Temos como ponto de partida a Constituição de 1988, já que a consideramos um marco na conquista dos povos indígenas. Perpassamos por outros documentos como as Diretrizes para a Política Nacional de Educação Escolar Indígena, a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases (Lei 9394/96), o Referencial Curricular Nacional para as Escolas Indígenas, as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais da Educação Escolar Indígena, o Plano Nacional de Educação e o Plano Estadual de Educação do Estado do Paraná. Fixamo-nos mais atentamente ao Referencial Curricular Nacional para as Escolas Indígenas, já que o consideramos como um dos documentos mais importantes no que tange às discussões e orientações didáticas para os professores índios, auxiliando-os a construir e elaborar práticas escolares que permitem a construção de uma escola verdadeiramente indígena. Em contrapartida, apresentamos as falas dos professores Kaingang, revelando suas práticas desenvolvidas em sala de aula e analisando se estas são desenvolvidas em acordo com as propostas presentes no RCNEI/Indígena ou não. Os dados obtidos durante a pesquisa de campo apontam que, primeiro, os professores da Escola Estadual Indígena Cacique Crispin Guê-Mon desconhecem do documento emitido pelo MEC, o RCNEI/Indígena. Embora desconhecendo o documento, a prática pedagógica dos professores privilegia os conteúdos, propostas e ações apontadas pelo referido documento. No entanto, em muitos momentos, a prática dos professores revela que a escola na aldeia se assemelha muito mais com uma escola rural, já que se privilegia uma proposta de currículo que se faz presente nas escolas não-indígenas do Paraná. No entanto, os professores têm a consciência de que a escola é um forte instrumento para a manter viva a cultura kaingang na aldeia, por isso lutam para diminuir as faltas dos alunos nas aulas e, principalmente, a evasão escolar.
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Ivanauskienė, Žaneta. "Lietuvos verslo mokymų rinkos segmentavimo galimybės taikant jautrumo kainai kriterijų." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090326_125203-02332.
Full textAbstract:
Verslo mokymų rinka išgyvena dinamišką laikotarpį, kuris pasižymi mokymų apimčių didėjimu, naujų įmonių teikiančių tokias paslaugas atsiradimu. Augimo laikotarpiu daugelis tradicinių verslo problemų nėra aštrios, tačiau rinkai pasiekus brandos stadiją, situacija keičiasi. Kainodaros sprendimai – vieni sudėtingiausių ir turinčių didelį poveikį verslo stabilumui bei plėtrai. Šio darbo tikslas – padėti mokymus teikiančioms bendrovėms tvirčiau jaustis ieškant atsakymų į klausimus – kokie yra klientų segmentai pagal jautrumą kainai, radus šiuos atsakymus, didesnė tikimybė priimti teisingus plėtros sprendimus. Baigiamojo darbo tema: Lietuvos verslo mokymų rinkos segmentavimo galimybės taikant jautrumo kainai kriterijų. Darbo tikslas - nustatyti, kokios yra mokymų rinkos segmentavimo galimybės pagal jautrumą mokymo kainai. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti Lietuvos mokymo paslaugų rinką. 2. Surinkti duomenis apie šiuo metu Lietuvos mokymo paslaugų rinkoje taikomas kainas. 3. Atlikti kiekybinę apklausą, nustatant kainos jautrumo parametrus skirtingiems Lietuvos mokymo paslaugų klientams. 4. Pasiūlyti prioritetus, kaip Lietuvos mokymų rinka gali būti segmentuojama pagal jautrumą mokymo kainai ir kokie kainodaros metodai taikytini skirtingiems segmentams. Tyrimo metodika. Darbe buvo panaudotas kiekybinis tyrimo metodas - Westendorp „Price Sensitivity Meter“ („Kainos jautrumo nustatymo“) klausimynas.The market of business training experiences dynamic time, which is characterized by an increasing scope of training and discovery of new enterprises providing such services. At the stage of development a lot of traditional business problems are not severe, however, when the market reaches the maturity stage the situation changes. Pricing solutions are one of the most complex and having a huge impact on business stability and expansion. The aim of the research is to help training providers to feel more confident while looking for an answer to the question – what are the client segments according to the price sensitivity. After having answered it, there is greater likelihood to take the right decisions in expansion. Theme: Application of Price Sensitivity Criterion in the Market of Business Training in Lithuania and its Segmentation Position Objectives: to determine the segmentation position of executive training market in applying the price sensitivity criterion. Aims of the research: 1. To analyze the market in the Training service sector of Lithuania. 2. To carry out analysis in price rates in the training sector in Lithuania. 3. To conduct a survey in order to set rice sensitivity parameters on different Lithuanian clients in the training service sector. To propose a method of how the training sector in Lithuania can be segmented according to the price sensitivity in training and what pricing methods could be applied to different segments... [to full text]
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Dugmore, Lucy. "The role of 'culture halls' (bunka kaikan) in contemporary Japanese." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491550.
Full textAbstract:
This monograph explores a category of public facility in Japan, the 'culture hall' [bunka kaikan). It is based on ethnographic fieldwork at a culture hall in Niigata named 'Niigata Residents' Performing Arts and Culture Hall "Ryutopia"'. In this thesis bunka ('culture') is discussed as a multi-vocal symbol. The understandings of ''bunka" held and represented symbolically by Ryutopia's staff are outlined.
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Ball, Simon Mark. "Developmental changes in kainate receptors." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500217.
Full textAbstract:
Kainate receptors (KARs) are highly expressed during postnatal development and are likely to play an important role in the synaptic mechanisms underlying maturation of neural networks. Despite recent advances in our understanding of the molecular biology and pharmacology of KARs comparatively little is known about developmental changes in native receptors and the relative contributions of individual subunits to KAR complexes. Using antibodies specific to GluR6/7 and KA2 subunits Immuno and histoblots were used to demonstrate quantitatively that the mechanisms controlling subunit expression during postnatal development are differentially regulated in a precise temporal and region-specific manner.
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Eskelinen, T. (Tiina), and I.-R. (Iida-Riikka) Vikholm. "Liikunnan oppilasarvioinnin käytänteet:kyselytutkimus Kainuun alakouluissa." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201306141606.
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Tiivistelmä. Tutkimus käsittelee liikuntaa alakoulussa opettavien opettajien liikunnan oppilasarvioinnissa käyttämiä menetelmiä ja osa-alueita. Tavoitteena oli selvittää mitkä asiat vaikuttavat liikunnan oppilasarviointiin alakoulussa, minkä painoarvon opettajat antavat millekin liikunnan arvioinnin osa-alueelle ja mitä menetelmiä opettajat käyttävät arviointitietoa kerätessään. Tutkimuksen kohteena olivat myös selvittää opettajien mielipiteitä arvioinnin haastavuudesta. Tutkimuksessa pyrittiin selvittämään myös onko opetuskokemuksella ja koulutustaustalla vaikutusta arviointiin. Lisäksi tutkimuksessa selvitettiin, miten opettajat kokevat mahdollisen lisäkoulutuksen tarpeen arvioinnin kokemiseen liittyen.
Oppimiskäsityksen muuttuessa behavioristisesta kohti kognitiivista myös arvioinnin luonne on muuttunut. Arviointi nähdään prosessina, joka on osana kaikkia oppimisen ja opettamisen vaiheita. Sillä nähdään olevan vaikutusta oppilaan oppimiseen ja oppimisprosessin kulkuun. Liikunnan opetuksen keskeinen tavoite on liikunnalliseen elämäntapaan kasvattaminen ja tässä myös arvioinnin merkitys korostuu. Kokonaisuudessaan arvioinnin tavoitteena on tukea oppilaan kasvua ja kehitystä. Opettaja tekee arviointiaan oman persoonansa myötä, jolloin opettajan arvot, ihmiskäsitys ja oppimiskäsitys vaikuttavat työskentelyn taustalla.
Tutkimuksen kohdejoukkona olivat Kainuun alueen alakoulujen liikuntaa opettavat opettajat. Kyselyn vastaajajoukon koko oli 86 kappaletta kahdeltakymmeneltäyhdeksältä koululta. Kyselyyn vastasi 53 naista ja 33 miestä. Tutkimus toteutettiin kvantitatiivisesti, jota laajennettiin avoimilla kysymyksillä. Kyselylomakkeessa oli yhteensä kymmenen kysymystä, joista seitsemän oli monivalinta- tai suljettuja kysymyksiä ja kolme avoimia kysymyksiä. Aineisto kerättiin keväällä 2012 postikyselynä. Analysointimenetelminä tutkimusongelmiin vastattaessa käytettiin frekvenssianalyysia, keskiarvoa, keskihajontaa sekä Spearmanin järjestyskorrelaatiokerrointa. Avoimia kysymyksiä luokiteltiin aihealueittain, joista etsittiin täydennyksiä opettajien antamiin vastauksiin kvantitatiivisten kysymysten lisäksi.
Tutkimuksen tuloksista kävi ilmi, että tutkimuksessa esitetyistä liikunnan oppilasarvioinnin osa-alueista opettajat painottivat eniten kiinnostusta ja asennetta sekä liikuntataitoja. Pienin painoarvo oli puolestaan liikuntatiedoilla. Arviointimenetelminä opettajat käyttivät eniten selkeästi eniten havainnointia ja tarkkailua. Arviointimenetelmistä vähiten opettajat käyttivät työssään portfoliota, kirjallisia liikuntatietoja mittaavia kokeita ja toveriarviointia. Tutkittaessa opettajan työkokemuksen ja koulutustaustan mahdollista yhteyttä arvioinnin kokemisen helppouteen ja haastavuuteen ei löytynyt yhteyttä. Suurin osa opettajista koki, ettei lisäkoulutukselle ole tarvetta. Tutkimuksesta kävi ilmi, että opettajat toivoisivat arvioinnin olevan tasapuolista niin paikkakuntakohtaisesti kuin valtakunnallisella tasolla.
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Veiga, Juracilda 1956. "Cosmologia e praticas rituais Kaingang." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281043.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Vanessa Rosemary LeaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: Essa tese busca compreender a cosmologia Kaingang a partir de três rituais: A festa do Kuiâ (xamã), A festa do Kikikoi e o Ritual de purificação da viúva. Esses três rituais simbolizam diferentes tempos que estou chamando de os três tempos do mundo, considerando que a cosmologia Kaingang está assentada sobre ciclos de conflagração e regeneração da terra. Esses rituais que tomam de empréstimos alguns símbolos cristãos estão, no entanto, profundamente pautados sobre uma concepção própria do mundo, justificados por mitos que são atualizados durante suas celebrações. Esses três rituais estão relacionados à celebração da agricultura, à volta dos mortos numa festa de confraternização entre vivos e mortos e na posterior separação desses espaços. o estudo dos três rituais mencionadospermite perceber que as referências cosmológicas dos Kaingang estão sustentadasem símbolos multireferenciais que se recobrem. As variações encontradas podem ser explicadas como um mesmo ciclo ritual que se partiu, ou como o desenvolvimento de diferentes tradições que, no entanto, expressam uma mesma simbologia: A vida na terra é dependente do destino dos mortos porque a sociedade dos vivos é eternamente recriada pelos ancestrais mortos: "nossos troncos ", "nossos antigos ". A cosmologia Kaingang está também ancorada na possibilidade de contato, entre diferentes espécies de espíritos, que habitam o cosmos, realizados através da capacidade de comunicação dos humanos com eles e da metamorfose entre diferentes maneiras de ser
Abstract: This thesis aims at understanding Kaingang cosmology by studing three rituais: the Kuiâ (shaman) Celebration, the Kikikoi Festival, and the Widowed Person's Purification Ritual. These three rituais symbolize different times which I called the three times o, the world, taking in to account the fact that the Kaingang cosmology rests on cycles of earth conflagration and regeneration. These rituais, even though borrowing some Christian symbols, are profoundly supported on their own conception of the world. They are justified by myths that, at the same time, are updated during the ritual celebration. Such rituais are related to the agriculture's celebration, the return of the dead for a reunion festivity with the living, and the later return to their original places. The study of the three mentioned rituais allows us to realize that the cosmological references of the Kaingang are founded on multireferencial symbols which re-cover themselves. The variations found can be accounted for either as the same ritual cycle that has been splitted up, or as the development of different traditions which, on the other hand express the same symbology: life on earth depends upon the destiny of the dead because society of the living is eternally recreated by the dead ancestors ("our trunk", "our ancienr). The Kaingang cosmology is also anchored on the possibility of the contact between distinct species of spirits which inhabit the cosmos. These contacts are made by means of the human communication capacity with those spirits and by the possible metamorphosis between different conditions of being
Doutorado
Doutor em Antropologia Social
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Tabosa, Luciana Pereira. "Orações complexas da língua kaingang." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Letras e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos da Linguagem, 2014. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000201282.
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Esta tese descreve as orações complexas da língua kaingang com base nos pressupostos teóricos da Linguística Descritiva e Funcional. Tem como objetivos: abordar, de um ponto de vista descritivo, as orações complexas do kaingang, com vistas a contribuir na elaboração de uma gramática pedagógica da língua; possibilitar material de fácil acesso a professores bilíngues das escolas indígenas do Norte do Paraná; contribuir com os estudos comparativos das línguas da família linguística Jê e; descrever a estrutura das orações subordinadas completivas, relativas e adverbiais e das orações coordenadas, partindo da escala de integração gramatical proposta por Payne (1997). Além de Payne (1997), a análise embasou-se nos pressupostos teóricos de Andrews (2007), Haspelmath (2007), Givón (1979, 2001), Keenan (1985), Keenan e Comrie (1997) Noonan (1985, 2007), Santana (2010), Thompson, Longacre e Hwang (2007). Apresenta dados coletados com um informante professor bilíngue da Terra Indígena Apucaraninha (Tamarana PR). Para coleta de dados utilizou-se questionários constituídos de orações, em português, com a estrutura do objeto de análise. Aponta como principais resultados que: a) a língua diferencia a marcação de caso dos argumentos S, A e O nas orações principais e subordinadas, exibindo o sistema nominativo-acusativo nas orações principais e o sistema ergativo-absolutivo nas orações subordinadas. As orações coordenadas, assim como as orações simples da língua, exibem o sistema nominativo-acusativo; b) há semelhanças na estrutura das orações subordinadas completivas e relativas: em ambas as construções, a oração subordinada ocorre como uma oração encaixada na posição de um argumento da oração principal; c) as orações completivas e relativas não apresentam uma marca morfológica na oração subordinada, de maneira que a subordinação dessas orações à oração principal se dá em termos semânticos; d) constatou-se cinco tipos de orações subordinadas adverbiais: temporais, locativas, condicionais, finais e causais; e) nas orações adverbiais, há o emprego de conjunções e advérbios; f) constatou-se quatro tipos de coordenação: conjuntiva, disjuntiva, adversativa e conclusiva; g) a língua permite a coordenação de sintagmas e orações por meio de conjunções, advérbios e indicadores de opinião que funcionam como coordenadores, segundo Haspelmath (2007).This thesis describes the complex clauses of kaingang language based on the conceptual framework of Descriptive and Functional Linguistics. It aims to: address, from a descriptive point of view, kaingang complex clauses in order to contribute in developing a pedagogical grammar of the language; allow easy materials access to bilingual teachers of Indian schools in northern Paraná; contribute to comparative studies of languages and Ge linguistic family; describe subordinate clauses structure complementation, relative and adverbial - and coordinate clauses, based on the grammatical scale integration proposed by Payne (1997). In addition to Payne (1997), the analysis is based on Andrews theoretical assumptions (2007), Haspelmath (2007), Givón (1979, 2001), Keenan (1985), Keenan and Comrie (1997) Noonan (1985, 2007) Santana (2010), Thompson, Longacre and Hwang (2007). This study presents data collected with a bilingual teacher of Indigenous as an informant from Apucaraninha (Tamarana - PR). For data collection, we used questionnaires consisting of clauses in Portuguese, with the object´s structure of analysis. As main results the study pinted out: a) the language differentiates the case marking of arguments S, A and O in the main and subordinate clauses, showing nominative-accusative system in main clauses and ergative - absolutive system in subordinate clauses. The coordinates clauses, as well as the simple clauses of language, show nominative-accusative system; b) there are similarities between the structure of sentential complementation and relative clauses: in both constructions, the subordinate clause occurs as a sentence embedded in an argument position in the main clause; c) the sentential complementation and relative clauses do not present a morphological mark on the subordinate clause, so that the subordination of these clauses to the main clause occurs in semantic terms; d) it was found five types of adverbial subordinate clauses: temporal, locative, conditional, causal and final; e) on the adverbial clauses, there is the use of conjunctions and adverbs; f) it found four types of coordination: conjunctive, disjunctive, adversative and conclusive; g) the language allows coordination of phrases and clauses using conjunctions, adverbs and opinion indicators that act as coordinators, according to Haspelmath (2007).
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Tabosa, Luciana Pereira. "Construções causativas da lingua Kaingang." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Letras e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos da Linguagem, 2006. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000114092.
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Este trabalho descreve as construções que participam da alternância causativa, construções formadas por redução de valência envolvendo o sujeito e a formação das construções causativas da língua kaingang. Tem como objetivos: abordar, de um ponto de vista descritivo, as orações formadas com verbos de alternância causativa e a formação das construções causativas; subsidiar a produção de material de fácil acesso a professores bilíngües das escolas indígenas do Norte do Paraná e contribuir com a descrição da língua kaingang. Para coleta de dados utiliza questionários constituídos de orações, em português, que apresentam as estruturas do objeto de análise. Tem como informantes os professores bilíngües da Escola Cacique Luís Pénky Pereira localizada na Terra Indígena Apucaraninha. Aponta como principais resultados: a) não ocorre mudança na forma verbal nas construções formadas com verbos recíprocos e reflexivos; b) ocorre causativo morfológico nas construções que participam da alternância causativa; c) existem alguns exemplos de causativos lexicais; d) as construções causativas formadas de verbos intransitivos, monotransitivos e ditransitivos são exemplos de causativos analíticos.This work describes the constructions that participate of the causative alternation, that constructions formed by valence reduction involving the subject and the formation of the causative constructions of the language kaingang. It has as objective: to approach, from a descriptive point of view, the conjuncts formed with verbs of causative alternation and the formation of the causative constructions; to make possible material of easy access to bilingual teachers of the aboriginal schools in northern Paraná state and to contribute with the description of the language kaingang. For data collecting it uses questionnaires consisting of sentences in Portuguese that present the structures of the analysis object. It has as informing people the bilingual teachers of the Chieftain Luís Penky Pereira School, located in the aboriginal land called Apucaraninha. It points as main results: a) change in the verbal form in the constructions formed with reciprocal and reflective verbs does not occur; b) occurs morphologic causative in the constructions that participate of the causative alternation; c) some examples of lexical causative exist; d) the formed causative constructions of intransitive, monotransitive and ditransitive verbs are examples of analytical causative.
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Aželytė, Danutė. "Vadovavimo stilių įtaka ugdymo įstaigos kaitai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_172837-11944.
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Pasaulio globalizacijos procesas, Lietuvos švietimo integracija į Europos Sąjungos švietimo erdvę reikalauja ir mokyklų vadovų įvairiapusių kompetencijų, kad galėtų patenkinti bendruomenės poreikius, kurie identifikuoja ne tik mokinį, mokytoją, tėvus(globėjus), bet ir nuolat besikeičiančią fizinę ir ekonominę aplinką. Šiuolaikinei bendrojo lavinimo mokyklai yra reikalingi aukščiausios kvalifikacijos vadybos specialistai: kompetentingi, turintys reikiamų žinių ir praktinių įgūdžių, nuolat tobulinantys savo kvalifikaciją bei vadybinius gebėjimus, darantys įtaką kaitos procesams savo mokyklose.
Vykstant kaitos procesams, keičiasi ir pagrindinių mokyklų vadovai, kurie turi prisitaikyti prie kintančių švietimo reformų sąlygų, bandyti keisti patiems save bei savo institucijas. Todėl įdomu, ar pagrindinių mokyklų vadovai yra pasirengę pradėti keistis nuo savęs, keisti darbo metodus, vadovautis kitomis tiesomis, gilinti vadybos žinias ir taikyti jas nelengvame darbe.
Atsižvelgiant į tai, buvo iškelta tyrimo problema. Nors apie vadovavimo stilius ir
mokyklų kaitą atlikti įvairūs tyrimai, ta���iau kyla probleminių klausimų, ar pagrindinės mokyklos vadovas gali savarankiškai veikti vadovaujamos mokyklos kaitą, ar pagrindinės mokyklos vadovo vadovavimo stilius lemia pedagoginį procesą.
Tyrimo objektu buvo pasirinkta – vadovavimo stilių įtaka mokyklos kaitai
Tyrimo tikslas - išanalizuoti vadovavimo stilių įtakos mokyklos kaitai ypatumus
Buvo iškelta hipotezė- kaip vadovo pasirinktas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Process of world globalization, integration of Lithuanian education system into the European Union educational space demands from school leaders miscellaneous competences to consider to society needs, which identify pupil, parents and changing physical and economical environment. The new requirements for the system influenced the development of the management competence model. Modern school of basic education needs management specialists of highest qualification, competence, with good knowledge and practical skills who can make influence to processes in their schools. Problem of research was formulated considering the changing processes in public life and the reform of education. Was made various researches about different styles of management and school alternation, but there are problematical questions in this area. Can the leading manager of primary school independently make influence for school alternation? Did the managing style of primary school manager can influence pedagogical process? Object of research – influence of management styles for school alternation process. Aim of work – to evaluate the peculiarities of influence for managing styles on school changes: not stimulate alternation, or it is a main factor of school alternation. On purpose to unfold the main aim of research such tasks were suggested: 1. Do the theoretical analysis of managing styles. 2. Summarize influence of managing styles on school changing. 3. Explore managing styles influence on... [to full text]
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Monkevičius, Algirdas. "Miestų plėtros įtakos klimato kaitai reguliavimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110705_132722-29697.
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Miestai – vienas svarbiausių veiksnių, neišvengiamai darančių įtaktą aplinkai ir klimato pasikeitimams. Tipiškos šiuolaikinių miestų problemos – užterštas oras, automobilių spūstys gatvėse, žalingas triukšmas, prastos kokybės užstatyta aplinka, apleista žemė, gausėjančios atliekos.
Šio baigiamojo magistro darbo tikslas – kompleksiškai išanalizuoti svarbiausias miestų plėtros įtakos klimato kaitai reguliavimo priemones bei jų įgyvendinimo būdus darnaus vystymosi kontekste.
Darbo objektas – miestų plėtros įtakos klimatui valdymo procesas.
Baigiamojo magistro darbo dėstomąją dalį sudaro 4 skyriai. Pirmajame skyriuje aptarta miestų plėtros samprata bei poveikis klimatui. Antrajame - miestų reikšmė bei išvardintos miestų problemos. Trečiajame skyriuje apžvelgtos Europos Sąjungoje naudojamos aplinkos valdymo priemonės, taip pat urbanizacijos poveikio aplinkai mažinimas ir reguliavimo sprendimai Lietuvoje. Šiame skyriuje taip pat apibrėžta darnaus, kompaktiško miesto vizija.
Siekiant užsibrėžto darbo tikslo tyrimui panaudota mokslinės literatūros, aktualių įstatymų bei kitų teisės aktų bei kt. šaltinių analizė, visuomenės nuomonės apklausa, gautų duomenų statistinė analizė bei interpretavimas.
Atlikta mokslinės literatūros analizė ir empirinis tyrimas iš esmės patvirtino darbe iškeltą hipotezę, kad 1) integralus ir kompleksiškas aplinkosaugos principų diegimas visuose viešojo valdymo lygmenyse ir 2) socialinės ir švietimo programos, padedančios ugdyti piliečių ekologinę kultūrą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Cities are complex and rapidly changing their social, economic and technological systems, with inevitable impacts on the environment and climate change. The main problems are – air pollution, traffic jams on the streets, damaging noise, poor quality built environment, derelict land, increasing quantities of waste. The purpose of this work is – a complex analysis of the most important urban development impact on climate change, regulatory measures and their implementation in the context of sustainable development. The objective of this work – study the urban sprawl‘s impact on the climate and it‘s regulation. Conclusive part of master’s lecturing work is made out of 4 sections. The first section discusses the meaning of urban sprawl and impact on climate. The second – value of the cities and its problems. In the third section it‘s overviewed the environmental controlling measures used in European Union, reducing the urbanization impact on climate and regulatory solutions in Lithuania. In this section it is also defined a vision of sustainable and compact city. In order to reach the objective of this work, scientific literatures, relevant laws and regulation sources analysis, a survey of public opinion and statistical data analysis were used. Scientific literature analysis and empirical study confirmed hypothesis that: 1) the integral and complex environmental principles installation in public administration at all levels, and 2) social and educational programs which help to... [to full text]
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Giardina, Sarah Filippa 1974. "Neuropharmacology of kainate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity." Monash University, Dept. of Pharmacology, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8980.
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Xu, Shaobo, and 许少波. "Studies towards syntheses of kainic acid." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49799411.
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Kainoid amino acids are a family of none proteinogenic pyrrolidine dicarboxylic acids with similar structures and can be viewed as conformationally restricted analogues of the mammalian neurotransmitter L-glutamic acid. As the parent structure of the kainoid amino acid family, (–)-kainic acid has attracted tremendous attention because of its neuroexcitatory properties in neuropharmacology to mimic the disease states of epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and Huntington’s chorea.
In this thesis, a formal synthesis of (±)-kainic acid has been achieved, via a Lewis acid-catalyzed carbonyl ene cyclization as the key step, from simple starting materials 3.1 (Scheme 1). In the key step, quantitative yield of cyclization was achieved by utilizing 0.3 equivalents of Gd(OTf)3 as the catalyst in anhydrous DCM, yielding key intermediate 3.25. Moreover, the Lewis acid-catalyzed enantioselective carbonyl ene cyclization of α-keto amides (Scheme 2) represents a powerful method for the preparation of substituted pyrrolidinones. [Cu(S,S)-phenyl](SbF6)2 was found to be the most efficient chiral Lewis acid, and high yields, excellent enantioselectivity were obtained in the products. The substrate scope, reaction mechanism, diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity of the reaction have also been systematically investigated by both experimental and computational chemistry approaches.
Finally, a formal synthesis of (–)-kainic acid have been accomplished via Lewis acid-promoted PhSe group transfer radical cyclization as key the step (Scheme 3). (–)-8-Phenylmenthol was employed as a chiral auxiliary in cyclization precursor 5.13 to control the diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity of the radical cyclization.published_or_final_version
Chemistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Ručytė, Rosita. "Personalo valdymo įtaka darbuotojų kaitai organizacijose." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20140626_182814-91879.
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Nepaisant visų pastangų, kurias organizacijos skiria problemoms identifikuoti, jos nuolat susiduria su darbuotojų kaita. Šio darbo tikslas - išanalizuoti organizacijos personalo valdymo įtaką darbuotojų kaitai. Siekiant šio tikslo buvo išanalizuota skirtingų autorių nuomonė personalo valdymo dalių įtakai darbuotojų kaitai, sudaromas modelis. Taip pat pateikiami Lietuvoje jau atliktų tyrimų, susijusių su personalo kaita, duomenys bei sudaromas bendras modelis, atspindintis šių tyrimų rezultatus. Išskiriamos personalo kaitos priežastys bei pasekmės.Companies very often face with a personal turnover. The goal of this paper work is to sift the influence of organization personnel management to personal turnover. To reach this goal it was done: analyzed different authors opinion about the influence of personal management parts to personal turnover, created model; also it was analyzed results of researches which showed the reasons of employees’ turnover and the sequences in Lithuania. To put all the reasons together it was created a model.
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Pukis, Algirdas. "Naftos kainos įtakos akcijų rinkai tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20140625_184712-26472.
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Akcijų rinkos yra viena svarbiausių ekonomikos sudedamųjų dalių, be jos nebūtų įmanoma įsivaizduoti nei vienos išsivysčiusios pasaulio šalies. Bendrą akcijų rinkos vertę galima laikyti, pasaulio ar konkrečios šalies, regiono ekonominiu įvertinimu. Ji pastoviai yra veikiama įvairiausių veiksnių, tokių kaip infliacija, nedarbo lygis, vartojimo lygis, palūkanų normos, fiskalinės ir monetarinės politikos, bei naftos kainų. Šis veiksnys, kaip sudedamasis akcijų rinkos vienetas yra nagrinėjamas šiame darbe. Pasak Basher ir Sadorsky (2006) naftos kainos yra modernios ekonomikos kraujas. Nors nėra lengva prognozuoti kokia bus naftos paklausa ateityje, tačiau yra aišku kad naftos paklausa yra labai stipriai koreliuota su industriniu šalies išsivystymu. Ekonomikai stiprėjant energijos paklausa (ypatingai naftos) taip pat kyla. Labai svarbu išsiaiškinti, kas šiuos kainos pokyčius lemia, ar tai ilgalaikis reiškinys bei kokius pokyčius tai gali iššaukti ateityje. Tuo pačiu labai svarbu suprasti kokią įtaką ekonomikai turi naftos kaina. Tam kad tinkamai suprasti šį poveikį reikia ištirti ar yra ryšys tarp žaliavinės naftos ir vertybinių popierių. Šiam ryšiui egzistuojant, būtina nustatyti koks jis yra. Šiame darbe nagrinėjama kaip naftos kainos įtakoja akcijų rinkas. Taip pat tiriama kokius investicinius sprendimus galima priimti atsižvelgiant į naftos kainą, ir jos pokyčius. Tyrimo objektas – Naftos kainos įtaka akcijų rinkai. Šio darbo tikslas – Nustatyti kaip naftos kainos įtakoja... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Stock market is one of the main parts of economy, without it it is impossible to imagine any modern country. The total value of the stock market can be taken as the whole world’s or a certain country’s, region’s economical evaluation. It is always impacted with various economical factors like inflation, unemployment rate, consumption rate, interest rates, fiscal and monetary policies and oil prices. This factor, as one of the factors to stock market, is studied in this work. According to Basher and Sadorsky (2006) oil prices is a modern economies blood. Thought it is not easy to forecast what the demand of oil will be in the coming years, but it is totally clear that demand is very strongly correlated with industrial evolution. While the economy is getting stronger the demand for energy (especially oil) is rising too. It is very important to know what is causing these variations, is it a long-term phenomenon and what changes it can make in the future. It is also very important to know what impact oil price has on economy. To properly understand this we need to analyze is there a relation between oil price and stock market. If this relation exists we need to measure it. In this work we analyze how oil prices impacts the stock market. Also we analyze what investment decisions you can make, according to oil prices and it changes. Research object – oil price impact to stock market. This works goal – to measure, how oil prices affect the stock market, and to give recommendations... [to full text]
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Giroletti, Marisa Fátima Padilha. "Cultura surda e educação escolar kaingang." Florianópolis, SC, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/91404.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação. Programa de Pós-Graduação em EducaçãoMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T22:31:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 254824.pdf: 9852115 bytes, checksum: 1adbb77917cffa0cf7c4ac0e39c45dae (MD5)
A dissertação com o tema "Cultura surda e educação escolar Kaingang" tem como foco principal o registro baseado nos sinais Kaingang, desenvolvidos na comunicação dos surdos na escola, em casa e na Aldeia. A pesquisa foi realizada na Escola Indígena de Educação Básica Cacique Vanhkre, situada na Aldeia Sede, município de Ipuaçu, oeste de Santa Catarina. A pesquisa assumiu um caráter participante pois, a pesquisadora desenvolveu um papel triplo, atuando também como docente no período vespertino (1ª a 4ª série) e intérprete de Língua Brasileira de Sinais junto aos surdos Kaingang incluídos numa 6ª série no período matutino. Sem priorizar uma análise Lingüística, buscou-se estudar o processo cultural de criação e uso de signos pertinentes aos significados da cultura Kaingang, na interação dos surdos da comunidade com a Língua Brasileira de Sinais, também conhecida como Libras e utilizada como língua oficial das comunidades surdas no Brasil urbano. Com o olhar voltado a esta comunicação (os sinais Kaingang e a LSB), a pesquisa buscou identificar os elementos culturais que constituem a identidade dos surdos Kaingang e analisar os contextos em que os sinais lingüísticos surdos próprios à cultura Kaingang se legitimam e se entrelaçam com a LSB. O contexto para qual não poderia ter sido mais adequado: a escola. Ambiente propício ao registro, a interpretação, a análise contextual dos sinais e das formas de comunicação entre surdos na comunidade Kaingang. O que possibilitou o estudo das representações que se fazem destes surdos na comunidade, assim como os processos de identificação cultural "Surdo/Índio". A lógica de análise fundamenta-se no reconhecimento das diferenças como alteridade, o que requer uma visão de cultura, de povo, de língua e de humano que supere a lógica bipolar (certo ou errado, feio ou bonito, superior e inferior), que ao longo da história tem servido como chave de interpretação das relações interculturais. The thesis "Deaf culture and Gaingang scholar education " has its main focus based on the analysis about Kaingang's Sign Language used by deaf members from the tribe aiming to communicate at home, school and also in their local community. The research took place at their aboriginal school "Escola Índigena Estadual Básica Cacique Vanhkre", in Ipuaçu, a town in the west of Santa Catarina. The researcher took on a triple role - besides being a researcher, she was also an interpreter during the mornings for some deaf children included in a Junior High Group and used to teach a Junior Group composed by deaf students during the afternoons. That is why this work has assumed a partaker nature. It is important to mention that this work is not a Linguistic Analyze. Herein the researcher considers the interface between signs belonging to Kaingang Culture and Brazilian Sign Language, also known as "Libras" (from "Língua Brasileira de Sinais"), used as the official language for deaf communities from the urban Brazil. Focusing on this particular communication (Kaingang signs and Libras), this work identifies some cultural elements responsible for building up Kaingang deaf's identity and its interaction with Libras according to the real context in which these specific signs, belonging to Kaingang culture, take place. The setting chosen for developing this research could not fit better: the school. There, it was possible to follow some abilities as writing, interpretation, contextual analyzes and different possibilities of communication between deaf people among themselves and among others into their local community and their processes of cultural identity "Deaf/Aborigine" as well. The logical process of this analyze is based on differences as alterity, for example. What needs an overall view about culture, people, language and also about some concepts of human that overcomes the bipolar logical (right or wrong, ugly or pretty, superior and inferior). It means some thoughts that have been used as the keystone for interpreting intercultural relationships.
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Gibram, Paola Andrade. "Política, parentesco e outras histórias kaingang." Florianópolis, SC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/96202.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-26T09:46:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 301888.pdf: 2247316 bytes, checksum: f2dee5e9474b16f16a89e1022e66373c (MD5)
Esta dissertação apresenta como tema central a política entre os índios kaingang, tendo como foco os Kaingang da TI Rio da Várzea (RS), região também conhecida como Penhkár. Considerando que o domínio político ultrapassa os planos público e masculino de atuação, busca-se realizar descrições centradas no domínio doméstico e no plano da sociabilidade, colocando luz sobre os mecanismos pelos quais os indígenas concentram relações, revelam proeminências, e assim constituem figuras da liderança e unidades sócio-políticas. Temas como guerra, faccionalismo, autoridade, chefia e coerção são retomados a partir de releituras de registros históricos e da crítica emergente desta etnografia. Apresenta-se, por fim, uma reflexão sobre os processos indígenas de mimetização dos sistemas jurídico e punitivo dos "brancos", propondo conexões com a questão da afinidade kaingang.
This dissertation presents as central subject the kaingang politics, centering into the kaingang Indians from Rio da Várzea Indigenous Territory (RS), region also known as Penhkár. Considering that the political domain goes beyond the public and masculine plans of actuation, descriptions focused on the domestic domain and the sociability plan are carried out, putting in evidence the mechanisms through which the indians concentrate relationships, reveal political prominences, and then constitute leadership figures and sociopolitical unities. Themes as war, factionalism, authority, chiefness and coercion are revisited out of readings of historical records and the criticism that emerges from this ethnography. Finally, a reflection about the indigenous mimicry of the "white" juridical and punitive systems is presented, proposing connections with the kaingang affinity issue.
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Fernandes, Ricardo Cid. "Autoridade política kaingang: um estudo sobre a construção da legitimidade política entre os kaingang de Palmas/Paraná." Florianópolis, SC, 1998. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/77782.
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Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T07:27:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2016-01-08T23:48:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 139150.pdf: 37663531 bytes, checksum: da45d76a02274f0dde29425b016274ee (MD5)
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Schidlitzki, Alina [Verfasser]. "Kombination verschiedener Substanzen zur Epilepsieprävention im fokalen Kainat-Modell der Maus / Alina Schidlitzki." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162649348/34.
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Fox, Terri-Lynn, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Intergenerational communication & well-being in Aboriginal life." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2004, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/257.
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This thesis discusses intergenerational communication and well-being in Aboriginal life, using a literature review and research conducted in relation to the Blood people and culture. It addresses issues concerning lack of communication of traditional ways of knowing, teaching, and being. Interviews were used to better understand the dynamics of intergenerational communication and well-being. It is historically know by First Nations communities that the older people of the clan or tribe taught the children from infancy to adolescence. This, unfortunately, is not the case in many First Nations communities today, due to colonization, assimilation, and segregation. It is hoped this research will assist those who wish to develop, implement and enhance future social, educational, and health programs for the well-being of the First Nations child, family and community. The results also suggest ways in which to enhance and foster the value of elders in the community.218 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.
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Ferreira, Cláudio Augusto. "Personagens folclóricos, deuses, fantasmas e História extraordinária de Yotsuya em Tôkaidô: o sobrenatural na cultura japonesa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8157/tde-06012015-180330/.
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A partir do cotejo e da análise de várias obras pictóricas (pinturas, gravuras e ilustrações do Japão) e narrativas (livros, contos, peças de teatro, filmes, animações e quadrinhos japoneses), este trabalho busca apresentar a variedade e o sincretismo do sobrenatural no Japão, que não se encontra somente nos deuses xintoístas (kami), nas divindades budistas (bosatsu), nos fantasmas (yûrei), nas criaturas folclóricas (yôkai) e nos fenômenos sobrenaturais produzidos por estes, mas também nos monges, xamãs, adivinhos e nas tentativas de controlar magicamente o rumo das coisas amuletos, oráculos, festivais, rituais e oferendas. O primeiro capítulo apresenta um breve histórico das pesquisas sobre youkais e também procura defini-los e apresentar suas características próprias. O estudo prossegue definindo e caracterizando também os fantasmas japoneses. No segundo capítulo, tratamos de Tôkaidô Yotsuya Kaidan (1825), peça de kabuki escrita por Tsuruya Nanboku IV, a obra fantástica mais adaptada do Japão. Através dela, observamos o terror sobrenatural criado a partir de uma base realista-naturalista e tentamos discutir as mudanças nos papéis desempenhados pelos gêneros e as imbricadas relações entre fato, ficção, religião e folclore. Além disso, apresentamos em detalhes o icônico personagem de Oiwa e também exemplos de como são executados efeitos especiais teatrais conhecidos em japonês como keren. A dissertação se conclui com observações sobre as dificuldades encontradas no estudo de uma cultura estrangeira e a apresentação de questões suscitadas pelo decurso da pesquisaFrom the collation and analysis of various pictorial works ( paintings, prints and illustrations from Japan ) and narratives ( Japanese books, short stories, plays, films, animations and comics ) , this study aims to present the variety and the syncretism of the supernatural in Japan, which is not only in the Shinto gods ( kami ), in the Buddhist deities ( bosatsu ), in ghosts ( yûrei ), in folkloric creatures ( yôkai ) and in supernatural phenomena produced by them, but also in the monks, shamans, diviners and in attempts to magically control the direction of things amulets, oracles, festivals, rituals and offerings. The first chapter presents a brief history of research on yokai and also seeks to define them and present their own characteristics. The study goes on also defining and featuring the Japanese ghosts. In the second chapter, we treat of Tôkaido Yotsuya Kaidan (1825), written by Tsuruya Nanboku IV, the most adapted fantastique work of Japan. Through it, we see the supernatural horror created from a realistic-naturalistic base and we try to discuss the changes in roles played by genders and the intertwined relations between fact, fiction, religion and folklore. Furthermore, we present in detail the iconic character of Oiwa and also examples of how theatrical special effects known in Japanese as keren run. The dissertation concludes with observations on the difficulties encountered in the study of a foreign culture and with the presentation of issues raised by the course of the research
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Kaindl, Winfried [Verfasser]. "Modellierung höhenstrahlungsinduzierter Ausfälle in Halbleiterleistungsbauelementen / Winfried Kaindl." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://d-nb.info/979090636/34.
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Kuzmickienė, Paulė. "Lietuvos mokytojų profesinių grupių įtaka švietimo kaitai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050617_151948-42756.
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Theme of the Master degree – Lithuania teachers‘ unions influence on the education changes process.
The theme is relevant, as it seeks to value teachers‘ unions influence on the education changes process. Teachers‘ unions activities in Lithuania have not been researched. In this paper is analysed how education changes process, education policy‘s usefulness depends on social organizations‘ involvement into this process. Namely teachers‘units, unifying teachers, who directly participate in education process, can help education politics to make rational decisions and to prompt teachers to improve, play up public not only in the direct work, but also creating education policy.
Problem of the research. Education is related with permanent changes process, therefore Lithuania‘s general training marks, quality characteristics, activity‘s usefulness, teachers‘ improvement and certification are revised. In this plane also centralization/decentralization process, functions‘ distribution among separate education links questions and another group of the questions – teachers‘ work conditions, payments and etc. It is necessary to involve as many participants as possible into education policy‘s creation, to develop social dialogue. Teachers, united into unions, seek to participate into education changes process and to represent their interests. Here arise the problem do teachers‘ unions have opportunity to influence education changes process determining decisions at the national and... [to full text]
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Žakaitienė, Romualda. "Motyvacinių faktorių įtaka personalo kaitai UAB „Drogas“." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080926_181517-78064.
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Norėdami išvengti nuolatinės darbuotojų kaitos, įmonių vadovai privalo išsiaiškinti, kokie motyvaciniai faktoriai labiausiai skatina darbuotojus palikti organizaciją. Tyrimo metu, įvertinus motyvacinių faktorių grupių pagrindinius trūkumus ir atlikus darbuotojų kaitą skatinančių motyvacinių faktorių analizę UAB „Drogas“, nustatyta, jog svarbiausios įmonės darbuotojų motyvavimo sistemos problemos yra nepakankamas gaunamo darbo užmokesčio lygis, galimybė kelti kvalifikaciją, nepakankamas papildomos skatinimo sistemos buvimas įmonėje ir nepatenkinami santykiai su vadovybe. Siekiant išspręsti šias darbuotojų skatinimo problemas įmonės vadovybė turi pasirinkti optimaliausius įmonės darbuotojų valdymo metodus, atsižvelgiant į darbuotojų materialinius ir moralinius poreikius bei individualias jų savybes.The main purpose of managers to avoid of constantly infuence over the fluctuation to manpower is to find out what the main motivation factors has influence on the employees decision to leave the organization. During the research, upon evaluation of main weakness of groups of motivation factors and upon accomplishment of analysis of factors infuence over the fluctuation to manpower of UAB „Drogas“, it was determined that the main problems of the system of employees motivation are insufficient level of available wages, insufficient possibilities to raise qualification, insufficient additional motivation system in the enterprise and not satisfied relations with management of the enterprise. In order to solve the problems of stimulation of employees, the management of the enterprise has to choose the most optimal methods of management of employees, considering material and moral needs of the employees and individual their characteristics.
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Aleksandravičienė, Ona. "Prevencijos reikšmė jaunimo požiūrio į narkomaniją kaitai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080924_182323-13498.
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Europoje vykstantys negatyvūs procesai mus pasiekia labai greitai. Dėl patogios geografinės padėties Lietuva tampa alkoholio ir kitų narkotikų tranzito šalimi. Auga narkotinių medžiagų prieinamumas ir tiekimas, neteisėta jų pasiūla bei paklausa ir poreikis narkotikams. Kovai su tokio pobūdžio blogybėmis nebuvo pasirengta, laiku nepradėta prevencinė veikla.
Iš kitos pusės – vykstančios greitos permainos šalies ekonomikoje, socialinėje sferoje ir žmonių gyvenime keičia visuomenės požiūrį į kai kuriuos reiškinius, tame tarpe ir požiūrį į narkotinių medžiagų vartojimą. Plinta alkoholizmas, narkomanija, daugėja problemų, susijusių su girtavimu. Jaunimas yra labiausiai pažeidžiama visuomenės dalis. Sklando įvairūs mitai apie narkotikus bei jų poveikį žmogaus psichikai. Formuojasi savas jaunimo požiūris į narkotikus ir jų vartojimą. Tam didelę įtaką daro žiniasklaida ir televizijoje rodomų kino filmų herojai. Kai kurie jaunuoliai/ės galvoja, kad techno ir repo muzika neįmanoma be narkotikų. Todėl ieško informacijos apie lengvus narkotikus, jų galimas ir dar nekenksmingas dozes. Ir tokios informacijos jie randa. Nesuprasdami pavojaus, jaunuoliai/ės ne tik linkę vartoti narkotikus, bet bando užsiimti su narkotikais susijusia rizikinga veikla – juos platinti. Pelno siekdami narkotikų prekeiviai vykdo nusikalstamą veiklą, įtraukdami į narkotikų platinimą susigundžiusius ir nedaug apie narkotikus išmanančius jaunuolius.
ESPAD tyrimų duomenimis, „2003 metais 15-16 metų amžiaus Lietuvos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]In the theoretical Master final work‘s part the problem of the usage of the narcotical materials is discussed, the general survey of the their prevention is given and the features of the preventional activities of the usage of the narcotical materials at school are handed. The results of the research: Public Enterprice Daugai Technology and Business school underwears the tobaco, alcohol and drugs preventive programme. The Content of the programme meets the nowadays situation. The methods of research: 1. The Analysis of literature sources. 2. The Questionnaire. The Questionnaire cosists of three parts. It is made to research the students view to the drug habit. This Questionnaire is made according to ESPAD Questionnaire. (The first part – knowledge about respondent; the second part-about cigarrettes, alcohol and other different drugs; the third part – about the social surrounding of respondents). 3. The Analysis of statistics data. The main reasons, why mistakes are made during the primary drugs using prevention, are: prevention is made by persons without any specific education and knowledge, which are necessary working in this sphere; prevention is understood very narrowly, parents are not brought enough in this working sphere. It was researched that for Public Enterprice Daugai Technology and Business school student‘s culpable behaviour the main influence has big parent‘s unemployment; low living standart; impunity; parents wish to use alcohol and other drugs... [to full text]
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Sabaliauskienė, Daiva. "Vadovavimo kokybės kaitai bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose strategijos." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100305_095737-19182.
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Įvairiuose dokumentuose deklaruojama, kad kiekvienos tautos ateitis priklauso nuo augančios kartos. Būtent šios kartos išsilavinimo kokybė, matuojama daugeliu parametrų, taps veiksniu, lemiančiu ateitį. Savo darbe stengiausi išsiaiškinti kas yra kokybė, kaip ji suvokiama bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose, kokios vadovavimo strategijos užtikrina kokybės kaitos procesus. Teorinėje dalyje apžvelgiau kokybės sampratą literatūriniuose šaltiniuose, analizavau vadybos principus ir strategijas, garantuojančias kokybės kaitą mokyklose. Empirinėje dalyje aptariau kaip kokybė suprantama tiriamose švietimo įstaigose, tyriau kaip pasirinktos vadybinės strategijos įtakoja ugdymo kokybę, parengiau kokybės vertinimo modelį.
Tyrime dalyvavo 5 Alytaus apskrities mokyklos, 144 mokytojai, 228 mokiniai, 228 tėvai ir 12 mokyklos vadovų.
Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad kokybės samprata mokyklose grindžiama ugdymo proceso organizavimu, saugios aplinkos garantavimu, mokinių pasiektais rezultatais, kryptinga vadyba.
Visų respondentų nuomone siekiant kokybės labai svarbus mokinių, mokytojų ir mokyklos vadovų saugumo jausmas. Mokytojai ir mokiniai pakankamai jaudinasi dėl kaitos, mokyklos filosofijos atnaujimo, tačiau tuo pačiu domisi inovacijomis, švietimo dokumentais, garantuojančiais ugdymo kokybės kaitą. Kaip vienas iš kokybės kaitos parametrų akcentuojama mokinių motyvacija. Visi respondentai pritarė, kad pagrindinis veiksnys motyvacijai skatinti- emocinė aplinka.
Nustatyta, kad... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Various documents state that the future of each nation depends on rising generation. The quality of education of exactly this generation is going to become a determinant of the future. In my paper I have tried to find out what quality is, how it is perceived in comprehensive schools, which management strategies ensure processes of quality vicissitude. In the theoretical part I have reviewed a conception of quality in literary sources, analyzed management principles and strategies that guarantee quality vicissitude. In empirical part I have showed how quality is perceived in exploratory education institutions, analyzed how chosen management strategies influence quality of education, and prepared a model of quality evaluation. My research involved 5 Alytus County schools, 144 teachers, 228 students, 228 parents and 12 school principals and their deputies. The results of the research showed that quality conception in schools is based on organization of education process, reassurance of safe environment, students’ results, and purposeful management. According to all respondents’ opinion a sense of security is a very important factor when aiming for quality. Teachers and students are quite worried about the change, renewal of school philosophy; still, at the same time they are interested in innovations, education documents that ensure vicissitude of education quality. Students’ motivation is emphasized as one of parameters of quality... [to full text]
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Waterman, Stephen Spencer. "Mechanism of kainic acid toxicity in rats." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.625041.
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Nabil, Tahar Etienne. "On the Modelling of Kainate Receptor Channels." Thesis, KTH, Matematik (Avd.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-144106.
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Kainate receptor channels are a class of ion channels found on the membrane of nerve cells. These proteins play a key role in the brain, since their properties regulate the strength of the synapses. Their structure and gating mechanisms are still extensively studied by biologists: originally closed, the channel opens upon the binding of kainate, allowing ions to flow inside the cell through the pores and creating thus an electrical current. It undergoes then a desensitization: the channel is closed even if the kainite is still bound. In this Master's Thesis, we put forward a mathematical model that reproduces both qualitatively and quantitatively the observed behaviours of kainate receptor channels. The distinctive feature of the model lies in its original framework ANC, which uses rule-based formalism to model allosteric proteins. We find that compared to traditional kinetic scheme, our model has the advantage of being scalable. We propose furthermore an alternative model. It includes a new hypothesis, namely that the ions that flow through the channel alter its gating properties. We illustrate the modularity of ANC, which enables a straightforward definition of the new model from the former, and an easy switch between these two. Our results suggest finally that this new model agrees with the biological observed behaviours of the channels.
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Bieliauskaitė, Indrė. "Neurougdymo mokslo įžvalgų reikšmė mokymosi paradigmų kaitai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140620_105713-38295.
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Tyrimo objektas: Straipsniai, kurie analizuojami besiremiant atsirinktais raktiniais žodžiais, siekiant pateikti pagrindinius mokymosi neuromokslo aspektus.
Tyrimo problema: Mokymosi neuromokslas, ugdymo įtaka smegenų struktūroms ir funkcijoms, ir smegenų plastiškumo ypatumai yra plačiai nagrinėjamos temos tarp užsienio mokslininkų, tačiau Lietuvoje mažai tyrinėjamos. Vis dar pastebima, kad mokymosi įstaigose per dažnai naudojamas tradicinis mokymo modelis, besimokantieji stengiasi įsiminti teikiamą informaciją ir pritaikyti įgytas žinias. Tačiau mūsų smegenys nėra pritaikytos mintinam arba tradiciniam mokymosi modeliui, į mokymosi procesą turi būti įtraukti regėjimo, klausos ir kinesteziniai pojūčiai, tam, kad smegenys būtų aktyvinamos.
Tyrimo tikslas: Apžvelgti šiuolaikinę mokslinę literatūrą, apimančią neuromokslo požiūrį į žmogaus mokymosi gebėjimus.
Tyrimo uždaviniai:
1. Išnagrinėti galvos smegenų plastiškumo ypatumus.
2. Išnagrinėti kaip ugdymas gali įtakoti galvos smegenų struktūras, funkcijas ir elgseną.
3. Išnagrinėti dabartinę situaciją, kas tai yra neurougdymo mokslas.
4. Panagrinėti mokymosi neuromokslo raidą ir pokyčius.
5. Išanalizuoti naujausią mokslinę literatūrą apimančią įvairių sričių neurougdymą.
Tyrimo rezultatai:
1. Galvos smegenys yra labai plastiškos ir kuo jos labiau aktyvinamos, tuo labiau kinta jų struktūra. Smegenų plastiškumui įtaką daro šie veiksniai: sensorinė ir motorinė patirtis, mokymasis, natūralus atpildas, socialiniai žaidimai, senėjimas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The object of the research: Articles which are analysed with reference to the selected keywords, on purpose of presenting the main aspects of studying neuroeducation. The problem of the research: Studying neuroeducation, the influence of education on brain structures and functions, and the peculiarities of brain plasticity are widely analysed topics among the foreign scientists, but in Lithuania they are little analysed. It can still be noticed that in educational institutions a traditional teaching model is used too often, the learners try remembering the given information and to apply the gained knowledge. But our brain is not adapted for the said or traditional studying model; the studying process should include the visual, auditory and kinaesthetic senses for the brain to be activated. The aim of the research: To review the modern nonfiction covering the human neuroeducation of various abilities. The tasks of the research: 1. To analyse the peculiarities of the plasticity of the brain. 2. To analyse how education can influence the structures, functions and behaviour of the brain. 3. To analyse the recent situation, what is neuroeducational science. 4. To analyse the development and changes of studying neuroscience. 5. To analyse the newest nonfiction covering human studying abilities. The results of the research: 1. After analysing the nonfiction, it is possible to define the main factors which have influence on the plasticity of the brain: sensory and motor experience... [to full text]
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Jones, Paul A. "Modulation of kainate-induced excitotoxicity in rats." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244361.
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Gurung, Sonam. "Kainate receptors in various forms of plasticity." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/56d8a27f-9e5a-48cc-a55e-26df44fa245e.
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Kainate receptors (KARs) are glutamate-gated ion channels that regulate neuronal excitability and network function in the brain. They can signal through both canonical ionotropic and a non-canonical metabotropic pathway. They regulate neuronal excitability by undergoing plasticity themselves while also regulating plasticity of other receptors. Most KARs contain the subunit GluK2 and the precise properties of these GluK2-containing KARs are determined by additional factors including ADAR2-mediated mRNA editing of a single codon that changes a genomically encoded glutamine (Q) to an arginine (R), which affects their assembly, trafficking and channel properties. I initially set out to study the role of KARs in various forms of plasticity including long term potentiation (LTP) and long term depression (LTD) of AMPA receptors (AMPAR) and homeostatic scaling of KARs themselves. I was unable to reliably replicate previous data showing transient KAR stimulation leads to their increased surface expression which in turn increases AMPAR surface expression. Interestingly however, I discovered that sustained KAR stimulation decreased AMPAR surface expression leading to AMPAR LTD. In addition, I identified that KARs undergo homeostatic plasticity whereby they upscale and downscale in response to changes in the network activity. My findings show that ADAR2-dependent Q/R editing of GluK2 is dynamically regulated during homeostatic plasticity elicited by the suppression of synaptic activity. This suppression of synaptic activity decreases ADAR2 levels by enhancing their proteasomal degradation, which selectively reduces the numbers of GluK2 subunits that are edited. This loss of editing results in increased KAR oligomerisation and ER exit to increase the surface expression of GluK2-containing KARs. Furthermore, I show that partial ADAR2 knockdown phenocopies and occludes TTX-induced scaling of KARs. These data indicate that activity-dependent regulation of ADAR2 levels and GluK2 Q/R editing provides a mechanism for KAR homeostatic plasticity.
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Rosa, Marcelo Caetano de Cernev. "A luta pela terra em memorias Kaingang." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279575.
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Orientador: Nadia FarageDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T19:49:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rosa_MarceloCaetanodeCernev_M.pdf: 428670 bytes, checksum: c0886feb64a3af2ec8dc0c423406e43b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004
Mestrado
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Lima, Moana 1981. "Português indígena Kaingang = uma questão de concordância." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/269215.
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Orientador: Wilmar da Rocha D'AngelisDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T13:44:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima_Moana_M.pdf: 14498891 bytes, checksum: ac5a951f6b5beb0ba9cb733a6afc61ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: A presente dissertação avalia a influência da Língua Kaingang de falantes nativos do Kaingang no RS, em sua escrita em Português. Tomando como base as ideias de Maher e de outros estudiosos acerca do Bilinguismo, que afirmam ser o sujeito bilíngue "real", aquele que transita de uma língua para outra, podendo apresentar interferência entre elas, é que assumo a ideia de que a escrita em Português desses falantes deve ser entendida fruto de uma competência bilíngue. Analisando os estudos de D'Angelis sobre a inexistência de concordância na língua Kaingang e sua vasta bibliografia sobre a sintaxe dessa língua, foi possível começar a verificar a escrita em Português de professores indígenas Kaingang. Logo no início dessa análise, já foi constatado que essa escrita apresenta, também, ausência de concordância verbal e nominal. Finalmente, ao analisar um corpus de textos produzidos em Português por professores e alunos nativos do Kaingang no RS, notou-se uma comum ausência de concordância, semelhante à sua escrita na língua materna, ou seja, em Kaingang. A partir da análise desses dados e de sua comparação com a língua Kaingang, foi possível sugerir que essa escrita é, realmente, fruto de uma competência bilíngue e que pode ser denominada como Português Indígena Kaingang
Abstract: The present dissertation evaluates the influence of the Kaingang language in the Portuguese writing by native Kaingang speakers in RS. Based upon Maher ideas and others researchers on the ideal bilingual subject, it originates the idea that the Portuguese writing may derive from a bilingual competence by the Kaingang speakers. Considering D'Angelis studies about lack of agreement in the Kaingang language and the vast bibliography on the syntax of the language, it was possible to verify the Portuguese writing of the Kaingang indigenous teachers. At the very begining of this analysis it was found that this writing presents lack of nominal and verbal agreement. When analysing a corpus of texts written in Portuguese by native Kaingang teachers and students, the results demonstrated a lack of agreement committed in both languages, Portuguese and Kaingang. The analysis of these data and their comparison with the Kaingang language made it possible to suggest that the Kaingang writing is the result of a bilingual competence and can be termed as Indigenous Kaingang Portuguese
Mestrado
Linguistica
Mestre em Linguística
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Wang, Wentian. "Asymmetric Syntheses of Analogs of Kainic Acid." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/756.
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Kainic acid has been used for nearly 50 years as a tool in neuroscience due to its pronounced neuroexcitatory properties. However, the significant price increase of kainic acid resulting from the disruption in the supply from its natural source, the alga Digenea Simplex, as well as inefficient synthesis of kainic acid, call for the exploration of functional mimics of kainic acid that can be synthesized in a simpler way.
Aza kainoids analog could be one of them. The unsubstituted aza analog of kainoids has demonstrates its ability as an ionotropic glutamate receptor agonist and showed affinity in the chloride dependent glutamate (GluCl) binding site. This opened a question of the importance of the presence of one nitrogen or both nitrogens in the aza kainoid analogs for binding to glutamate receptors. Therefore, two different pyrrolidine analogs of kainic acid, trans-4-(carboxymethyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid and trans-2-carboxy-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid, were synthesized through multi-step sequences. The lack of the affinity of both pyrrolidine analogs in GluCl binding site indicated that both nitrogens in aza kainoid analogs are involved in hydrogen bonding with receptors, significantly enhancing their affinity in GluCl binding site.
Another potential functional mimic of kainic acid is isoxazolidine analogs of kainoids whose skeleton can be constituted directly via a 1, 3 dipolar cycloaddition as the key step. The difficulty in synthesizing N-unsubstituted isoxazolidines when applying such common protecting groups as alkyl, phenyl and benzyl groups, and the requirement of a desired enantioselectivity due to the three chiral ceneters in kainic acid, pose great challenges. Hence, several different protected nitrones were studied to establish that diphenylmethine nitrone may be a good candidate as the dipole in that the generated isoxazolidines can be deprotected in mild conditions with high yields. Our investigations also indicated that the exo/endo selectivity of the 1, 3 dipolar cycloaddition can be controlled by Lewis acids, and that the application of a directing group in dipolarophiles can accomplish a satisfied enantioselectivity. Those results demonstrated the synthesis of isoxazoldines analogs of kainic acid is very promising.
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Miesmaa, J. (Johannes). "Joukkoliikenteen keskuspysäkkien sijaintien paikkatietoperusteinen optimointi Kainuun taajamissa." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201810242944.
Full textAbstract:
Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää saavutettavuudeltaan paras sijainti keskuspysäkille yhdessätoista kainuulaisessa taajamassa. Kussakin taajamassa keskuspysäkin optimaalinen sijainti määritettiin paikkatietoperusteisella saavutettavuusanalyysillä. Saavutettavuusanalyysin tuloksia verrattiin keskuspysäkkien nykyisiin sijainteihin. Näin muodostettiin näkemys saavutettavuuden kannalta parhaasta sijainnista. Lisäksi Sotkamon taajaman kohdalla tutkittiin mahdollisuutta muodostaa usean keskuspysäkin malli ja suoritettiin optimointi koko taajama-alueen pysäkkiverkolle.
Tutkimuksessa saavutettavuutta tarkasteltiin taajamassa ja sen lähellä asuvien ihmisten näkökulmasta. Liikkumismuotoina saavutettavuusanalyyseissä olivat kävely ja pyöräily. Saavutettavuusanalyyseissä aineistona käytettiin kansallista Digiroad-tietojärjestelmää (tieverkko ja pysäkit), YKR-ruutuaineistoa 250 m x 250 m ruutukoossa (väestö) sekä YKR-taajamarajausaineistoa.
Tutkimuksen saavutettavuusanalyysit suoritettiin ArcMap-ohjelmiston Network Analyst -lisäosaan sisältyvällä Location-Allocation-työkalulla. Lisäksi saavutettavuuden tarkastelussa hyödynnettiin saman lisäosan Service Area -työkalua. Location-Allocation-työkalua käytettiin valitsemaan optimaalinen keskuspysäkin sijainti annetuista ehdokaspisteistä. Pääsääntöisesti ehdokaspisteinä toimivat taajamien nykyiset linja-autopysäkit. Pysäkkien puutteen takia Suomussalmen kirkonkylässä ehdokaspisteet luotiin keinotekoisesti. Analyysissä parhaaksi sijainniksi valikoitui ehdokaspisteistä se, joka oli tieverkkoa pitkin parhaiten saavutettavissa väestöpisteistä. Optimointi suoritettiin kaksi kertaa, tarkastellen ensin saavutettavuutta kävellen ja sitten polkupyörällä. Sotkamon taajamassa tutkittiin useamman keskuspysäkin mallia valitsemalla ehdokaspisteistä ensin kaksi ja sitten kolme keskuspysäkkiä. Lisäksi optimoitiin Sotkamon taajaman koko pysäkkiverkko valitsemalla nykyisistä pysäkeistä ja keinotekoisesti luoduista ehdokaspisteistä parhaan kattavuuden tarjoava yhdistelmä.
Suuressa osassa taajamista nykyisen keskuspysäkin todettiin olevan varsin hyvin sijoittunut. Myös optimointivaraa kuitenkin löydettiin. Keskuspysäkin sijainnilla havaittiin olevan suurempi merkitys kävelyn kuin pyöräilyn näkökulmasta. Sotkamon taajamassa päädyttiin suosittelemaan kahden keskuspysäkin mallia. Sotkamon taajaman koko pysäkkiverkkoa tarkasteltaessa huomattiin, ettei pysäkkien sijaintien optimoinnilla päästäisi juurikaan nykyistä parempaan pysäkkiverkon kattavuuteen. Toisaalta, mikäli pysäkit sijoitettaisiin optimaalisesti, nykyisen kaltainen kattavuus voitaisiin taata myös pienemmällä määrällä pysäkkejä.
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Elkovich, Andrea J. "Mast Cells In Kainate Receptor Knockout Mice." VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3944.
Full textAbstract:
Kainate receptor knockout mice have unique differences within their immune system. They exhibit an attenuated TH2 branch, while maintaining a robust TH1 response. Specifically, blocking the formation of functional kainate receptors affects mast cells and their related pathologies. While they seem to develop and activate normally in vivo and in vitro, KAR KO mast cells release more inflammatory mediators upon degranulation. These mice experience severe anaphylactic shock due to two compounding abnormalities. First, KAR KO mast cells release significantly more histamine in vivo upon IgE-mediated activation. Second, the animals over-respond to exogenous histamine with drastic temperature drops compared to WT. This report shows that the kainate receptor plays an important role in mast cell-mediated immune responses.
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Martins, Nivea Oura. "Kaidan - narrativas do sobrenatural: um estudo a partir da obra Kwaidan de Lafcadio Hearn." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8157/tde-05062013-114006/.
Full textAbstract:
O presente trabalho apresenta a perspectiva do sobrenatural, representado em narrativas japonesas que tratam do estranho e do mistério, pertencentes ao gênero literário kaidan. Nesse contexto, esta dissertação descreverá o imaginário popular japonês e determinados tipos de seres sobrenaturais, com a proposta de melhor compreender a relação do povo nipônico com este tema. Posteriormente a esta descrição, será abordada a formação da literatura kaidan e suas características gerais. Para melhor compreender o conteúdo das narrativas pertencentes a este gênero, serão utilizados os textos da obra Kwaidan, de Lafcadio Hearn. Desta forma, far-se-á necessária a apresentação de um breve histórico do referido autor, sua produção literária e sua relação com a cultura japonesa. Por fim, realizaremos uma análise das narrativas do Kwaidan, no intento de desvendar a forma como os seres sobrenaturais atuam alegoricamente no imaginário japonês. Além disso, este estudo analítico também nos permitirá elucidar os diversos mecanismos das estruturas textuais que conferem a algumas das narrativas o aspecto fantástico e assustador.This paper presents the perspective of the supernatural, represented in Japanese narratives that discuss what is strange things and mysterious, which belong to the kaidan literary genre. In this context, this paper will describe the Japanese popular imagination and certain types of supernatural beings, in order to better understand the relation between the Japanese people and this theme. Following this description, it will be discussed the formation of kaidan literature and its general characteristics. To better understand the content of the narratives that belong to this genre, texts of the work Kwaidan, of Lafcadio Hearn, will be used. Thus, it is necessary to present a brief history of that author, his literary production and its relation to Japanese culture. Finally, we will conduct an analysis of the narratives of Kwaidan, in an attempt to unravel how the supernatural beings act allegorically in the Japanese imagination. Additionally, this analytical study will also allow us to elucidate the various mechanisms of the textual structures used in the narratives which give them the fantastic and frightful imprint.
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Šimkutė, Ingrida, and Gabrielė Lukštaitė. "Daugiabučių namų šilumos kainų kitimo priežastys ir jų mažinimo galimybės Šiaulių mieste." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140716_083710-32553.
Full textAbstract:
Baigiamajame bakalauro darbe nagrinėjamos Šiaulių miesto daugiabučių namų šilumos kainų kitimo priežastys ir galimi būdai kaip jas sumažinti. Šilumos tiekimas yra viešąjį interesą atitinkanti paslauga, kuria naudojasi daugelis miesto gyventojų. Kylančios centralizuotai tiekiamos šilumos sektoriaus paslaugų kainos kelia nepasitenkinimą tarp šilumos vartotojų, kurie tų kainų svyravimus pajaučia gaudami didesnes sąskaitas už šildymą. Aptarus šilumos energijos sektoriaus ypatumus, šilumos kainą lemiančius veiksnius, nustatymo metodiką bei institucijas, reguliuojančias šilumos ūkį, buvo išnagrinėti pagrindiniai veiksniai, turintys įtakos šilumos kainų pokyčiams. Atlikta šilumos kainos struktūrinė analizė. Įvertinta Šiaulių termofikacinės elektrinės teikiama nauda gyventojams. Atliktas šilumos kainos tarifo ir alternatyvaus kuro šildymui vidutinių kainų tyrimas. Pateikta mokėjimų už šilumą analizė, nagrinėjant atskiras pastatų grupes, daugiabučių pasiskirstymą pagal bendrijas ir renovuotus bei nerenovuotus namus. Vertinant šilumos kainą lemiančius veiksnius atlikta daugialypė regresinė analizė. Išnagrinėjus teorinius ir praktinius daugiabučių namų šilumos kainų aspektus, pateikiamos baigiamojos darbo išvados ir siūlymai kaip sumažinti šilumos kainas. Darbą sudaro 6 dalys: įvadas, du skyriai, išvados ir rekomendacijos, literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 69 p. teksto be priedų, 7 lent., 16 pav., 43 šaltiniai.The final bachelor‘s paper deals with reasons of the heat price changes and the posibilities of reducing them in Siauliai city. The heat supply is a service of the public interest, which is used by many population of the city. The rising prices of district heating sector services, raises the dissatisfaction among users of the heat fluctuations in the consciousness of those receiving the higher heating bills. After dealing with the thermal energy sector, the heat price determinants, detection methods and institutions to regulate the heating system, the major factors affecting the heat price changes were explored. Structural analysis of the rates of heat was accomplished. The benefit for people of the thermal power plant in Siauliai was assessed. Also the heat price tariff and alternative fuel for heating medium-price test was accomplished. Presented payments for heat analysis, examining the separate groups of buildings, multi-distribution of communities and renovated houses. In assessing the determinants of the price of heat conducted multiple regression analysis. The examination of the theoretical and practical aspects of the apartment home prices, the conclusions of the work and proposals on how to reduce the heat are presented in the final work. The paper consist of the followings 6 parts: introduction, two sections, conclusions and recommendations, list of references. Amount of paper – 69 pages of text without annexes, 7 tables, 16 illustrations, 43 sources.
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Kaško, Liubov. "Motyvacijų teorijų pritaikymas, formuojant komandą ikimokyklinės įstaigos kaitai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20071019_162832-19068.
Full textAbstract:
Darbe bandoma aptarti pedagogų motyvaciją ir vadovų požiūrį į ją ikimokyklinės įstaigos kaitos kontekste remiantis šalies ir užsienio mokslininkų darbais bei autorių atlikto tyrimo duomenimis.The author describes motivation of teachers and a sight at it heads in conditions of reforming of prescool establishments, being guided by works of foreign and domestic scientists and given research carried out by the author.
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Balsevičius, Aurimas. "Kartotinio pasyvaus vėsinimo poveikis aklimacijos šalčiui požymių kaitai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110628_100109-50407.
Full textAbstract:
Išstudijavus mokslinius literatūros šaltinius susijusius su hipotermija pastebėta, kad kūno
temperatūros sumažėjimas sukelia daug fiziologinių reakcijų žmogaus organizme, tačiau vis dar mažai
darbų, nagrinėjančių aklimacijos (aklimacija – tai dirbtinėse sąlygose (laboratorijoje) sukelta ilgalaikė
aklimatizacija) hipotermijai, sukeltos dirbtiniu būdu, poveikį žmogaus fiziologinių rodiklių kaitai.
Nepavyko rasti duomenų, kurie nagrinėtų kontroliuojamo kartotino pasyvaus vėsinimo poveikį iki tam
tikros fiksuotos rektalinės temperatūros taip pat nėra aišku apie blauzdos raumens vidinės temperatūros
kaitą, priklausančią nuo aklimacijos hipotermijai.
Tyrimo problema: Ar dirbtinėmis sąlygomis sukeliant aklimaciją hipotermijai, žmogaus
organizmas adaptuojasi? ir kaip kinta fiziologiniai rodikliai? Kaip žmogaus organizmas toleruoja
temperatūros sumažėjimą?
Pagrindinis šio tyrimo tikslas buvo nustatyti ir įvertinti kartotinio pasyvaus vėsinimo poveikį
aklimacijos šalčiui požymių kaitai.
Uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti kartotinio pasyvaus vėsinimo poveikį aklimacijos šalčiui temperatūrų
kaitai (Traumens, Tsk, Tre ir Tb). 2. Nustatyti kartotinio pasyvaus vėsinimo poveikį aklimacijos šalčiui
subjektyvių požymių kaitai: a) drebėjimo b) šiluminio/terminio pojūčio c) šiluminio/terminio komforto.
3. Nustatyti kartotinio pasyvaus vėsinimo poveikį aklimacijos šalčiui, fiziologinio streso (šalčio)
indekso kaitai..
Šio tyrimo metu tiriamieji buvo pasyviai pratinami prie šalčio taikant septyniolikos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Studied scientific literature related with hypothermia observed that decrease in body temperature causes a lot of physiological reactions in human body, but still there are low works dealing with acclimation (acclimation – in artificial conditions (laboratory) caused long-term acclimatization) hypothermia, induced artificially, impact on human physiological indicators of change. Unable to find data, that deal with controlled confirmatory passive cooling effect up to a fixed rectal temperature is also not clear about the internal temperature change of the shank muscle, depends on the acclimation to hypothermia. Research problem: Does by artificial conditions causing acclimation to hypothermia human body adapts? And the evolution of physiology indicators? How the human body tolerates decrease of temperature? The main purpose of the study was to identify and evaluate repeated passive cooling effect to acclimation to cold symptoms change. Objectives: 1. Identify repeated passive cooling effect of acclimation frost temperature changes (Tmuscle, Tsk, Tre ir Tb). 2. Identify repeated passive cooling effect of acclimation frost subjective symptoms change: a) shaking, b) heat/thermal sense, c) heat/thermal comfort. 3. Identify effects of repeated passive cooling to cold acclimation, physiological stress (cold) index change. In this study subjects were passively to the cold with seventeen courses program, passive cooling course was repeated every day, the experimental from control... [to full text]
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Klizas, Šarūnas. "Fizinės saviugdos skatinimo poveikis devintokių fizinio pajėgumo kaitai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060516_195550-57351.
Full textAbstract:
The object of research – the physical might of the ninth formers.
The aim of research – to determine the influence of physical self–training stimulation to the change of the ninth formers physical might.
Following problems are brought up:
1. To determine and evaluate the physical might of the ninth formers.
2. To find out the weakest physical aspects, to prepare the training and physical self-training programme.
3. To determine the influence of the programme on the students physical might.
Hypothesis: knowledge of physical education and healthy living, learning to observe and evaluate your own physical might, physical activity, corresponding with requirements, gives the advantages to the change of physical might of the ninth formers.
Methods of research:
1. The analysis of literature resources. 2. Physical features testing. 3. Pedagogical experiment. 4. Mathematical statistics.
Measurements (height, weight) are carried out according to standarts, the index of the mass is also calculated. Eurofit tests are applied to studying physical might.
20 experimental and 23 controlling group’s female students took part in the experiment. Those groups were formed by chance. Both groups had 2 weekly physical education lessons carried out according to Lithuania physical education general programmes.
Physical-consciousness as well as self-training have been trained during physical education lessons. The programme hasn’t been modified to the controlling group students.
The experiment has... [to full text]
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Remiečius, Marius. "Fizinio aktyvumo formų poveikis moterų fizinio išsivystymo kaitai." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120829_093935-73969.
Full textAbstract:
Pats svarbiausias fizinių pratybų uždavinys yra veikti nervų-raumenų jėgą ir ištvermę, didinti širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos (ŠKS) pajėgumą. Yra įrodyta, kad jėgą ir ištvermę lavinančios pratybos yra būtini komponentai sveikatingumo treniruotės programoje, nes jos papildo viena kitą.Labai aktuali problema yra ta, kad mokslinės, metodinės sporto literatūros apie fizinį rengimą galima rasti daug, tačiau pasigendama praktinių rekomendacijų ir tyrimo duomenų apie moterų kūno rengimo poveikį fiziniam išsivystymui.The most important goal of the physical exercise is to influence the strength and endurance of nerves and muscles, also to improve the potential of cardiovascular system. It is proved, that the strength and endurance exercises are essential components of the fitness training program, because they complement each other. Also, very important issue is that there are a great number of scientific and methodological literature that concern sport and physical training, but there are lack of practical recommendations and research data about the influence of body arrangement for women’s physical development changes.
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MacLean, David. "Allosteric modulation of kainate receptors by external ions." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104693.
Full textAbstract:
Kainate receptors are members of the ionotropic glutamate receptor family and are widely expressed throughout the mammalian central nervous system where they act as regulators of network activity. Given this, there is considerable interest in KAR gating, both to improve our understanding but also to aid in drug design. And the most striking and unique aspect of KAR gating is their strong sensitivity to and absolute requirement for external ions.Altering either the species or concentration of external cations such as Na+ or external anions such as Cl- can dramatically affect the extent and duration of KAR activation. These parallel effects are not seen with closely related AMPA receptors. But how can ions of opposite charge exert the same effect on KARs? Using rapid agonist application techniques in conjunction with point mutations and existing crystal structures, we found that anions and cations regulate KARs through a dipole mechanism. Specifically, both anions and cations bind adjacent to one another at the crucial interface between KAR ligand binding domains (LBDs). This important position, called the dimer interface, and close apposition accounts for their common effects. Given the role of this dimer interface in KAR agonist efficacy, and that external ions bind to this interface, we examined whether anions and cations regulate the relative efficacy of KAR agonists. We found that cations, but surprisingly not anions, control the relative strength of KAR agonists through this dimer interface site. We also observed a general inverse relationship between peak and equilibrium activation across all agonists and ionic conditions. Full agonists produce large peak responses with relatively small equilibrium activation but as agonist efficacy decreases the relative size of the equilibrium response increases. This ubiquitous behaviour, found in both AMPAR and KARs, is best reproduced by simulations which explicitly model conformational changes occurring after agonist binding but before channel opening. More generally, such pre-gating transitions may be a crucial determinant of agonist efficacy at KARs, and perhaps all other ligand-gated ion channels. In the course of these experiments, we uncovered an unexpected ability of the smallest cation, Li+, to potentiate KAR peak and equilibrium activation as well as to slow decay kinetics. Surprisingly, this effect was only seen with agonists containing a pyrrolidine ring structure, KA and Dom, demonstrating agonist-dependent conformations of the intact receptor. Moreover, Li+ potentiation of these agonists occurs from a novel binding site distinct from the known cation binding site. My results lead to four general conclusions. First, cations and anions regulate KAR through a dipole mechanism. Second, despite their dipole arrangement, cations but not anions govern KAR relative agonist efficacy. Third, agonist efficacy at KARs maybe determined by pre-gating transitions. And finally, KARs posses a Li+-selective allosteric site which potentiates activation in an agonist-dependent manner. These conclusions advance our understanding of KAR gating but also suggest some new ideas about partial agonism which may apply to other ligand-gated ion channels.Les récepteurs kaïnate (KARs) sont des récepteurs ionotropes glutamatergiques qui sont exprimés à travers le système nerveux central, où ils agissent en tant que régulateurs de réseaux neuronaux. Par conséquent, il est considérablement pertinent d'étudier leur fonctionnement afin d'approfondir nos connaissances ainsi que pour aider à la conception de médicaments. Les aspects les plus frappants et particuliers de ces récepteurs sont leur forte sensibilité ainsi que leur dépendance inconditionnelle à la présence d'ions externes.Changer l'identité ou la concentration des cations externes, tel le Na+, ou des anions externes, tel le Cl-, peut avoir un effet important sur l'ampleur et la durée de l'activation des KARs. Ces effets interdépendants ne sont pas observés chez les récepteurs AMPA (AMPARs). Comment des ions de charge opposée peuvent-ils avoir le même effet sur les KARs? À l'aide d'applications ultra-rapides d'agonistes sur des KARs recombinants, de mutagénèse et des structures cristallines existantes, nous avons trouvé que les anions et les cations régulent les KARs par un méchanisme de dipôle. Spécifiquement, les anions et les cations se lient de façon adjacente à l'interface entre les domaines d'interaction du ligand des KARs. Cette importante région, nommée interface des dimères, ainsi que l'apposition étroite des ions, expliquent leurs effets communs.Étant donné le rôle de cette interface dans l'efficacité des KARs, et que les ions externes se lient à cette interface, nous avons décidé d'examiner si les anions et les cations régulent le potentiel relatif des agonistes des KARs. Nous avons découvert que les cations, mais étonnamment pas les anions, pouvaient contrôler ce potentiel à travers l'interface des dimères. Nous avons également observé une relation inverse entre l'activation maximale et à l'équilibre pour tous les agonistes et conditions ioniques. Les agonistes complets produisent une activation maximale considérable et une activation à l'équilibre relativement petite, mais lorsque l'efficacité de l'agoniste diminue, l'activation à l'équilibre devient relativement plus grande. Ce comportement omniprésent, observé chez les AMPARs et les KARs, peut être reproduit de façon optimale par des simulations modelant des changements de conformation qui se produisent après la liaison d'un agoniste mais avant l'ouverture du canal ionique. En général, de telles étapes transitoires pourraient être cruciales pour l'efficacité d'un agoniste agissant sur les KARs et peut-être même sur d'autres canaux ioniques ligand-dépendants.À travers ces expériences, nous avons découvert la capacité inattendue du plus petit cation, le Li+, de potentialiser l'activation maximale et à l'équilibre des KARs, ainsi que de ralentir leur désensibilisation. Étonnamment, cet effet fut seulement observé avec les agonistes contenant un anneau pyrrolidine, c'est-à-dire le kaïnate et le domoate, démontrant ainsi des conformations agoniste-dépendantes du récepteur intact. De plus, l'effet potentiateur du Li+ pour ces agonistes se produirait à travers un nouveau site de liaison non-identifié qui serait distinct du site de liaison des cations déjà connu.Mes résultats nous mènent vers quatre conclusions. Premièrement, les cations et les anions régulent les KARs à travers un méchanisme de liaison en dipôle. Deuxièmement, malgré leur disposition en dipôle, seuls les cations gouvernent l'efficacité relative des agonistes des KARs. Troisièmement, l'efficacité de ces agonistes pourrait être déterminée par une étape transitoire de pré-activation. Enfin, les KARs possèdent un site de liaison sélectif au Li+ qui potentialise leur activation de façon allostérique et agoniste-dépendante. Ces conclusions approfondissent notre compréhension de la régulation des KARs par les ions externes, et proposent aussi de nouvelles idées concernant l'agonisme partiel qui pourraient s'appliquer à d'autres canaux ioniques ligand-dépendants.
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S, Mathew Seena. "Kainate receptor modulation of synaptic transmission in neocortex." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007p/mathew.pdf.
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Pothecary, Carina Ann. "Kainate receptor function in rodent subcortical visual processing." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445016/.
Full textAbstract:
Glutamate is found throughout the central nervous system and has been shown to be an important excitatory neurotransmitter in the visual system. There are two subdivisions of receptor on which this ubiquitous neurotransmitter acts, metabotropic (mGluR) and ionotropic (GluR) glutamate receptors. There are eight sub types of mGluR falling into three groups, and fifteen GluR subunits also divided into three groups. Kainate receptors (KARs) comprise one group of the ionotropic glutamate receptor subdivision. Relay cells of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) are driven and modulated by a variety of NMDA, AMPA and metabotropic receptors. In addition, investigation into the involvement of mGluR, AMPA and NMDA receptor function in the synaptic processing of the superior colliculus (SC) has been well documented. It has been difficult, however, to establish specific KAR function in these brain structures due to lack of pharmacological agents acting solely at kainate receptors. In recent years such agents have become available, thus enabling the present study of GluR5 involvement in visual processing within the SC and LGN. The purpose of this body of work has been to assess the involvement of GluR5-containing Kainate receptors (KARs) in synaptic transmission between retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and subcortical brain structures involved in the processing of visual information namely the superficial superior colliculus (SSC) and the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). The majority of the work focused on the function of KARs in the SSC. To elucidate the involvement of KARs in visual processing, both in vivo and in vitro methods were utilised. In vivo electrophysiology was used for extracellular recording of evoked activity of both SSC and LGN neurons in response to visual stimuli. This was carried out during intravenous injection of GluR5 antagonist. In vivo recording twinned with iontophoretic administration of GluR5-specific pharmacological compounds was also employed to investigate KAR participation in direct synaptic transmission between RGCs and the SSC neurons. The same technique was used to study KAR involvement in the phenomenon of response habituation exhibited by these neurons. To parallel in vivo protocols, in vitro SSC slice experiments were performed to study the effect of GluR5 agonists and antagonists on evoked postsynaptic currents. This enabled the administration of drugs at concentrations specific for GluR5 subunits whilst investigating GluR5 involvement in direct synaptic transmission between RGC input and SSC neurons. In addition, a paired pulse protocol was employed to propose a presynaptic location of GluR5-containing KARs at retinal input into the SSC. Furthermore, the use of GluR5- specific and GABAR-specific compounds during evoked current recording indicated the involvement of GluR5-containing receptors in the direct modulation of excitatory but not inhibitory input into the SSC. In summary, therefore, both in vivo and in vitro electrophysiology techniques were used to indicate a location and function for GluR5 KARs in the subcortical visual system of the rat. GluR5-containing receptors were found to modulate visual processing of both the LGN and SSC. It was unclear whether these receptors were located in the LGN itself due to the use of systemic injection protocols, however, iontophoresis of GluR5-selective drugs demonstrated a role in modulating visual responses within the SSC. The mechanism by which GluR5 receptors modulated responses in the SSC was further elucidated by a series of whole cell patch-clamp experiments which revealed that GluR5-containing receptors reduced synaptic transmission at excitatory inputs directly onto recorded cells and those connections with the intrinsic inhibitory circuitry of the SSC. In addition a paired-pulse protocol was used to determine that the decrease in excitatory transmission was caused by the presynaptic reduction of glutamatergic transmission.
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Rudytė, Ieva. "Šokio terapijos poveikis sutrikusio intelekto paauglių nuotaikos kaitai." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140619_111017-64749.
Full textAbstract:
Šiandieninėje visuomenėje yra publikuojama, kad reguliarus fizinis aktyvumas – vienas svarbiausių dalykų, stiprinančių sveikatą bei palaikančių fizinį pajėgumą, mažina stresą, gerina nuotaiką, bei savijautą tiek įgaliems žmonėms, tiek turintiems negalią.
Vienas iš gerų fizinio aktyvumo aspektų yra šokio terapija. Tačiau tyrimai nagrinėjantys šokio terapijos poveikį sutrikusio intelekto asmenims egzistuoja tik užsienio šalyse. Todėl ieškant mokslinių darbų, neradau nieko kad Lietuvoje būtu atliekami panašus tyrimai apie šokio terapijos poveikį sutrikusio intelekto asmenims, jų nuotaikos kaitai. Tas ir paskatino imtis šios srities tyrimo.
Hipotezė- Šokio terapija gali pagerinti paauglių su sutrikusiu intelektu nuotaiką
Tikslas- nustatyti šokio terapijos poveikį sutrikusio intelekto paauglių nuotaikos kaitai.
Uždaviniai:
1 Nustatyti sutrikusio intelekto paauglių nuotaiką prieš šokio terapiją.
2.Nustatyti sutrikusio intelekto paauglių nuotaiką po šokio terapijos.
3.Palyginti sutrikusio intelekto paauglių nuotaikos kaitą prieš ir po šokio terapijos.
Tyrimo objektas- sutrikusio intelekto paauglių nuotaikos kaita.
Išvados:
Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad daugumai tiriamųjų paauglių prieš šokio terapiją nuotaika buvo bloga, jie jautėsi pikti, irzlūs, nepatenkinti.
Po šokių terapijos užsiėmimo, daugumai tirtų paauglių, nuotaika buvo žymiai geresnė, jie jautėsi laimingesni, daugiau šypsojosi, draugiškai bendravo su kitais... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The importance is recognized in society. A lot of researchers concluded that regular physical activity is one of the most important things which is promoting health and supporting the physical capacity, reduces stress, improves mood, and well-being for people without disability and people with disability. One of the best examples of successful implementation of physical activity is a dance therapy. However a lot of researchers exploring the effects of dance therapy with intellectual disabilities exists only in foreign countries. Therefore, there is the lack number of investigations in this field in Lithuania. There is important to carry out research about an effect of dance therapy on mood changes of people with intellectual disabilities. Because of that the hypothesis was formulated. Hypothesis- Dance therapy can enhance teenagers’ with intellectual disabilities mood. The main aim - To evaluate an effect of dance therapy for teenagers with intellectual disability moods change. The goals of the research were: 1. To establish the teenagers with intellectual disability mood before of dance therapy 2. To establish the teenagers with intellectual disability mood after of dance therapy 3. Compare the teenagers with intellectual disability mood before and after dance therapy. Conclusions of the study: The results showed that most of the subjects were in a bad mood, they felt angry, irritable and unhappy before dance therapy. After dance therapy most of the subjects felt much... [to full text]