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Galčáková, Alena. "Hmotnostní a energetická bilance prádelny budoucnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229057.
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This diploma thesis is solving a problem of energy intensity evaluation of professional laundry process. It presents computational model of tumble dryer and calender. There are described factors in calender model, which influence energy intensity of drying process. Verification of the model has been done according to measured data from real professional laundry premise.
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Luther, Sabine. "Berücksichtigung der freien Knetoberfläche beim Berechnen von Strömungsfeldern im Kalanderspalt." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968692869.
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Herbetta, Alexandre Ferraz. ""A idioma" dos indios kalankó." Florianópolis, SC, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/88898.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-22T14:45:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 229509.pdf: 7143424 bytes, checksum: c0f3c548e2d31feb05b3e00ec018cbf0 (MD5)
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Herbetta, Alexandre Ferraz. "Peles braiadas: modos de ser Kalankó." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2243.
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Alexandre Ferraz Herbetta.pdf: 9781172 bytes, checksum: 3d716d6b93d53ca18d026c6a19d725e5 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2011-06-10Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The Kalankó community lives in the hinterland of Alagoas, more specifically in the municipality of Água Branca/AL. They have reinforced their indigenous identity publicly since the end of the 1990s, receiving the official classification by the federal government as Indians - in 2003. The field of ethnology classifies this phenomenon as ethnogenesis, among other related terms. These studies focus on the relationship between these populations and the nation state. This thesis aims to understand the Kalankó point of view as to what it means to be a Kalankó person. It is also a study on the symbolic system that is based on native music that acts as the pivot of a complex ritual that connects the mythology with some cultural domains and points out a complex representation of reality. In this sense, this thesis also attempts to understand how this representation is used to establish similarities and differences of strategic importance to the other peoples of the region and Brazil. In addition, I seek to understand what is an indigenous identity from the indigenous perspective. As a consequence, this provides insight into what is human. This thesis is based on a series of eight trips to the region, divided asymmetrically among indigenous groups in the same area, as well as major urban centers of the region, with the main focus on Kalankó villages. In this sense, one of the objectives of this thesis is to carry out studies on the concept of culture and identity, contributing to the field of anthropology. And beyond that, it tries to reposition Kalankó and other indigenous peoples of the northeastern hinterlands among ethnology in Brazil, leaving them symmetrically among other indigenous people, expanding the possibilities of the understanding of human phenomenon
Os Kalankó vivem no alto sertão alagoano, mais especificamente no município de Água Branca/AL. Eles afirmam-se publicamente indígenas, desde o fim da década de 1990, sendo reconhecidos como tais pelo Estado brasileiro em 2003. A etnologia indígena estuda e classifica este fenômeno como etnogênese, além de outros termos afins. Estes estudos focam-se na relação social destas populações com o Estado-nacão e entre elas. Esta tese busca compreender o ponto de vista Kalankó sobre o que é ser uma pessoa Kalankó. Trata-se ainda de um estudo sobre o sistema simbólico nativo que tem como base a música, a qual age como o pivô de um complexo ritual que liga o sistema mitocosmológico a alguns outros domínios culturais, apontando para a existência de um sistema de representações sociais acerca do mundo e do self. Além disso, tenta-se entender como este sistema de representação é usado para se estabelecer aproximações e distanciamentos estratégicos em relação às outras populações da região e do Brasil. Neste sentido, busca-se ainda compreender o que é uma identidade indígena, da perspectiva indígena do processo. E, assim, o que é humano para as populações em questão. Para isso, o desenvolvimento do trabalho apoiou-se em uma série de oito viagens, divididas assimetricamente entre os grupos indígenas do alto sertão alagoano, os principais centros urbanos da região e principalmente a aldeia Kalankó. Neste sentido, os objetivos da tese são os de realizar um aprofundamento nos estudos sobre o conceito de cultura e de identidade, contribuindo ao campo de estudos da antropologia. E, acima disso, reposicionar os Kalankó e os outros povos indígenas do sertão nordestino no campo de estudos da etnologia indígena no Brasil, deixando-os simetricamente ao lado de outras populações ameríndias e expandindo as possibilidades de entendimento destas pessoas
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Prietzel, Malte. "Die Kalande im südlichen Niedersachsen : zur Entstehung und Entwicklung von Priesterbruderschaften im Spätmittelalter /." Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35777299v.
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Takács, Erzsébet. "Közös kaland ? : a szociológia és a történelem(tudomány) viszonya a XX : századi franciaországban." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0109.
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Mon travail vise à décrire la relation entre la sociologie et l’histoire en France. Mon analyse commence par le débat d’Émile Durkheim avec des historiens contemporains. Ensuite, je présenterai les points de connexion, où des dialogues possibles pendant un siècle. Ma thèse n’est pas non plus exempte de l’influence durkheimienne. D’une part à l’instar de Durkheim, je préconise une approche théorique de la sociologie par rapport aux débats des divers courants marquants d’une époque donnée. D’autre part parce que, à l’instar des auteurs du début du siècle, j’examine le sujet selon un point de vue méthodologique et théorique plutôt qu’empiriques. La thèse examine les travaux des auteurs suivants; Émile Durkheim, Charles Seignobos, François Simiand, Raymond Aron, George Gurvitch, Ferdinand Braudel, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Claude Passeron, Robert Castel et Luc Boltanski, en n’oubliant pas de mentionner plusieurs autres auteurs contemporainsMy dissertation focuses on the relationship of French sociology and historiography. The exposition begins with the controversy between Émile Durkheim and his contemporary historians. Then I deal with the epoch-making debates and disputes in both academic disciplines. All this takes place with an analysis of methodological-theoretical problems, not of actual researches. The dissertation concentrates in the first instance on the works of Émile Durkheim, Charles Seignobos, François Simiand, Raymond Aron, George Gurvitch, Ferdinand Braudel, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Claude Passeron, Robert Castel and Luc Boltanski
Dolgozatom a francia szociológia és történettudomány viszonyával foglalkozik. Az ismertetést Émile Durkheim és kortárs történész vitapartnerei történetével indítom, majd a diszciplínák egy-egy korszakot meghatározó áramlatai között kibontakozó vitákra, eszmecserékre összpontosítok. Mindezt módszertani-elméleti problémák vizsgálatával, nem pedig tényleges kutatások elemzésével teszem. Doktori dolgozatom Émile Durkheim, Charles Seignobos, François Simiand, Raymond Aron, George Gurvitch, Ferdinand Braudel, Pierre Bourdieu, Jean-Claude Passeron, Robert Castel és Luc Boltanski munkásságára koncentrált (természetesen számos más kortárs szerepeltetésével)
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Moyo, Madhlozi. "Fauna in archaic Greek and Kalanga oral wisdom literatures." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22879.
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Animals play an important role in the communication of wisdom. In songs, proverbs, aphorisms, riddles and other oral modes of communication, animals sometimes play the roles of human beings. Homeric similes, Hesiodic and Aesopic fables, and numerous oral figures of speech in Greek lyric poetry often incorporate animals in their figurative language. Likewise, Kalanga folktales, proverbs, and other didactic modes attest to the importance of animals within this culture as vehicles to teach moral lessons. This tendency is visible among many cultures across the world. As such, the broad concerns of this thesis are to compare the way Archaic Greek and Kalanga wisdom literatures resort to animal imagery in the dissemination of moral lessons. The study evaluates the way animals are deployed as metaphors to signify and express human actions and human attitudes in oral thought. In a narrow sense, I study the deployment of animals insofar as they shed light upon the human attributes of cleverness and stupidity; the use of animals' characters in political commentary; as well as in the economic and erotic didactics in Archaic Greek and Kalanga oral wisdom literatures. Judging from the frequency of their appearance, it seems that animals are one of the preferred ways through which people offer insights into themselves. Commenting on the human habit of integrating animals into one's religious and moral views, Peter Lum says 'The animal world seems to the mind of primitive man to be only a very short step from the human.' This dissertation seeks to arrive at answers to a number of questions through a comparative study of selections from the two traditions. What are the premises and presuppositions behind the deployment of each animal in such literature? What are the bases for building a human character on an animal? How do we compare and contrast the human and animal natures? And, what makes an animal assume a specific role, and not another, in folklore? What ecological and ethical concerns can be observed in this type of literature? Most importantly, what similarities are there between Greek and Kalanga oral modes of expression? By revealing similarities in animal imagery between two diverse wisdom traditions, this work explores what may be described as a natural, cross-cultural basic component of didactic poetry: a common denominator that gets to the root of archaic wisdom. Furthermore, as a poetic element seemingly rooted in the realities of agrarian society, such symbolism leads us to consider whether the moral authority it represents is purely poetic or whether it actually holds cultural capital. This exercise entails using the dynamics of a living tradition to understand more about one we access through texts and commentaries.
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Kaland, Christine [Verfasser], and Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Struckmeier. "The Finite Volume Particle Method : Recent Developments and Applications / Christine Kaland. Betreuer: Jens Struckmeier." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1046940090/34.
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Kaland, Lena [Verfasser]. "The one-shot method : function space analysis and algorithmic extension by adaptivity / Lena Kaland." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1047325128/34.
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Kaland, Christine Verfasser], and Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] [Struckmeier. "The Finite Volume Particle Method : Recent Developments and Applications / Christine Kaland. Betreuer: Jens Struckmeier." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1046940090/34.
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El-Maum, Md Abdullah. "Parasitological, clinical and seroepidemiological studies of visceral leishmaniasis in Bangladesh." Thesis, University of London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267813.
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Qureshi, Attia. "Kalani : product development and leadership in a new venture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118527.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 76).
The development of a start-up creating physical products follows a different path than those working in the digital space. The process of creation requires multiple steps, with many disparate people involved in those steps. Kalani was created to work with artisans to promote their disappearing crafts, thus supporting their economies and providing an opportunity for the continuation of the craft. The first product was to create blankets in Portugal, with artisans in a village in Serra de Estrela. The blankets are ultrafine merino wool, with fabric manipulation done by hand that are techniques unique to the artisans. The thesis aims to provide an overview of the process for physical product development, and the way in which leadership as the CEO of an international startup functions. Creating a physical product requires many iterations in concept development before actual product development is launched. Managing both product development and working with artisans in a different country and culture provided many challenges and rewards. The thesis aims to prove that products can be made that meet the demands of the luxury market, while maintaining high social and ethical standards.
by Attia Qureshi.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Msindo, Enocent. "Ethnicity in Matabeleland, Zimbabwe : a study of Kalanga-Ndebele relations, 1860s-1980s." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616249.
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Amorim, Siloé Soares de. "Os Kalankó, Karuazu, Koiupanká e Katokinn : resistência e ressurgência indígena no alto sertão Alagoano." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/25528.
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Os Kalankó, Karuazu, Katokinn e Koiupanka. desde 1998 vem reaparecendo no cenário étnico-político como índios resistentes. Como tais, demandam do Órgão indigenista oficial, a FUNAI, reconhecimento, delimitação e demarcação etnicoterritorial. A forma particular como reapareceram marcou os quatro povos: uma aparição pública coletiva chamada "festa do ressurgimento". Apresentando-se de forma similar, mas em espaço físico e temporal distintos, o reaparecimento étnico dos KKKK tem como pano de fundo o processo hist6rico e a trajet6ria (dispersão e reagrupamento) desses grupos como "rama" e "ponta de rama" (dos Pankararu, seus ascendentes) no Alto Sertão alagoano. A pesquisa de campo desenvolve-se, paralelamente, no registro fílmico-fotográfico desses eventos e na reconstrução de seus etnônimos e observa, em seu conjunto, as relações entre a representação indígena e a imagem "como um retorno a si mesmo" como uma forma de entrever o passado desses povos em imagens do presente, nas quais os indivíduos e suas comunidades compõem sua própria forma de "mostrar-se" ao mundo com "novas" especificidades étnicas, numa tentativa de restaurar também sua memória, o que permite, nesta pesquisa, caracterizar o tratamento hist6rico atribuído aos índios, enquanto que, paralelamente, o registro imagético possibilita também formar arquivos dos mesmos no Brasil.Since 1998 the Kalankó, Karuazu, Katokinn and Koiupanka have been reappearing throughout the ethnic-political scene as resistant Indians. As such, they have demanded from Funai, the official indigenist office, their official recognition, as well as the measurement and official establishment of their ethnic territories. The singular way in which they have reappeared has marked the four peoples: a collective public appearance named the reappearance feast". Showing themselves in a similar way, but in distinct physical and temporal spaces, the ethnic reappearance of the KKKK branch has had as backdrop the historical process and journey (breaking up and regrouping) of these groups as "branch" and "end of branch" (from their ascendants, the Pankararu) in the highlands of Alagoas state. Meanwhile, in the same time frame, fieldwork is developed, overall, using filmic-photographic register of these events observing as well the reconstruction of their ethnic-names, including the relationships between indigenous self-presentation and image "as a return upon oneself'. This is a way to see the past of these peoples and the images of their actuality, in which individuals and their communities compose their own form of "showing themselves off' to the world with "new" ethnic specificities, as an attempt to bring back their memories. All of this allows this research to characterize the historical treatment given to the Indians while, at the same time, the imagetic registration also allows the formation of archives about them in Brazil.
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Fort, Robert Gordon. "Initiating the evangelization of the Kalanga people by implementing a coordinated team stretegy to plan indigenous churches." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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Kalanko, Tshepo William. "Job insecurity's influence on the work-related outcomes of over-commitment and perceived performance / Tshepo William Kalanko." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4404.
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The primary objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between job insecurity and the work-related outcomes of over-commitment and perceived performance of trainers and trainees (n = 700) at a South African gold mine?s training academy. A cross-sectional survey design was utilised to attain the outcomes of the research. The Qualitative and Quantitative Job insecurity scales of Hellgren, Sverke and Isaksson (1999), the Social support scales of Caplan, Cobb, French, Van Harrison and Pinneau (1975), the Over-commitment scale of Näswall, Baraldi, Richter, Hellgren and Sverke (2006) and a scale measuring Perceived performance (Hall & Hall, 1976) were administered. The results indicated significant relationships between job insecurity, over-commitment and perceived performance. The regression analysis confirmed that job insecurity (qualitative and quantitative), social support and their interaction predict over-commitment. Perceptions of performance were only predicted by social support. This study offers assistance to organisations that are going through adjustments and are striving for a healthy work organisation. In closing, recommendations for future research were made.Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Amorim, Siloe Soares. "Indios ressurgidos : a construção da auto-imagem : os Tumbalala, os Kalanko, os Karuazu, os Catokinn e os Koiupanka." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/284858.
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Orientador: Fernando Cury de TaccaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: Trata, este trabalho, do ressurgimento de povos indígenas que durante décadas vinham sobrevivendo no anonimato; trata do resgate e da construção social e visual - de sua auto-imagem no processo de ressurgência étnica e de suas relações no âmbito do indigenismo oficial e do movimento indígena. São essas questões que, observadas através do vídeo e da fotografia, nos levam a duas vertentes: uma de efeito do conhecimento antropológico a respeito da problemática indígena contemporânea no Brasil e a outra, no sentido de contribuir para desenvolver capacidades de observar ações (antropológicas) no campo da visualidade. O trabalho visa a observar as relações entre a representação (indígena) e a imagem como um retomo a si mesmo, isto é, de entrever o passado desses povos em imagens do presente e, também, de gerar reações e reflexões sobre as condições históricas e atuais das populações indígenas, em cujo espaço temporal (atual), os indivíduos e suas comunidades compõem sua própria forma de "mostrar-se" ao mundo (como índios) com "novas" especificidades étnicas, que, ao reapropriar-se de sua cultura, re-atualizam sua imagem e, através dela, comunicam sua identidade étnica atual numa tentativa de restaurar, também, sua memória: o que permite, nesta pesquisa, caracterizar o tratamento histórico atribuído aos índios, enquanto que, paralelamente, o registro imagético possibilita, também, construir ou formar arquivos dos índios no Brasil
Mestrado
Multimeios
Mestre em Multimeios
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Soetarno, Djoko. "Minéralisation uranifère dans le bassin de la Kalan, Kalimantan (Indonésie) : géologie et géochronologie." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10129.
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Le bassin de la Kalan est situe sur le versant nord des monts Schwaner dans la partie orientale de la province ouest Kalimantan. Les minéralisations uranifères se rencontrent dans les metapelites schisteuses et dans les metasiltites qui ont subi à la fois un métamorphisme régional et un métamorphisme de contact. De telles minéralisations se situent dans les ouvertures des plans de schistosité de direction n 80e a n 90e et sont souvent associées à des filons quertzo-feldspathiques à tourmalines. Les uraninites de la galerie de Remaja se sont mises en place il y a 151 m. A et celles du Rirang 140 m. A. L'age de formation de brannerites n'a pas pu être précisément déterminé, il se pourrait qu'elle se soit mise en place il y a 150 m. A. La mise en place des minéralisations uranifères correspondrait au début de l'orogenèse Yenshanian et se manifesterait par des intrusions granitiques datées du jurassique supérieur au crétacé supérieur
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Ribeiro, Andréa Gomes [UNESP]. "Alterações clínicas, protéicas do humor aquoso, sorológicas e histopatológicas em olhos de cães (Canis familiaris) (Linnaeus, 1758), infectados experimentalmente, por via conjuntival, com Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi (Cunha & Chagas, 1937)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89091.
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ribeiro_ag_me_jabo.pdf: 446227 bytes, checksum: 4fe0c58b6076f1e60d23e8266e787eff (MD5)Avaliaram-se as alterações oftálmicas, protéicas do humor aquoso, sorológicas e histopatológicas em cães infectados experimentalmente com Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi por via conjuntival. Selecionaram-se dez cães saudáveis após exame clínico, prova sorológica de ELISA para Leishmania sp e microscopia de luz de esfregaços de medula óssea. Dois grupos de cães compuseram o estudo. O Grupo Inoculado (GI) foi constituído por sete animais, que receberam 150æL de uma solução de cultura de Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi por via conjuntival, e o Grupo Controle (GC) por três animais, inoculados com solução salina fisiológica, pela mesma via. Os cães foram monitorados quanto às alterações oculares às 2, 4, 6, 12 e 24h após a instilação. Em seguida, diariamente por uma semana, e a partir daí, uma vez por semana, até que se completassem os 60 dias pós-infecção. Amostras de sangue e de humor aquoso de ambos os olhos e esfregaços de medula óssea foram coletados aos 60 dias, para sorologia, análise protéica e parasitologia, respectivamente. Todos os animais do GI mostraram sinais oculares unilaterais ou bilaterais, particularmente opacidades corneais. Não somente os resultados dos anticorpos anti-Leishmania sp no soro e no humor aquoso, como também a parasitologia, resultaram negativos. A histopatologia dos olhos de cães do grupo infectado por Leishmania revelou resposta inflamatória caracterizada por infiltração de macrófagos, linfócitos e células plasmáticas, notadamente na terceira pálpebra, na conjuntiva e na glândula lacrimal. Edema, congestão e perivasculite difusa envolvendo o trato uveal, igualmente foram observados.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ocular signs protein of aqueous humour, serological and structural changes in the dogs' eyes infected experimentally by the conjunctival route of exposure with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi. A total of 10 healthy dogs were submitted to clinical examination, assayed by the ELISA test for anti- Leishmania sp antibodies and also microscopic examination of bone marrow smears. Two groups of dogs were studied. The first, Inoculated Group (IG) consisted of seven animal which one received a 150æL of Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi suspension by the conjunctival route and the Control Group (CG) consisted of three animals inoculated by the saline physiological solution at the same route. The dogs were ophthalmology monitored at 2, 4, 6, 12 e 24 hours pos instilation. After this period, they were monitored once a day for one week and then, once a week until 60 days were complete. Blood samples, aqueous humor of both eyes and bone marrow smears were collected at 60 days for serology , protein of aqueous humour analyses and parasitological examination. All animals from IG showed unilateral or bilateral ocular signs, particularly corneal opacification. Not only the results of anti- Leishmania sp antibodies in sera and aqueous humor but also the parasitological examinations were negative. The histopathologic evaluation of eyes in the Leishmaniainfected dogs revealed inflammatory response characterized by macrophages infiltration, lymphocytes and plasma cells particularly on the third eyelid, the conjunctive tissue and lacrimal gland. Edema, congestion and a diffuse perivasculitis involving the uveal tract were also observed.
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Tarzi, Zemaryalai. "Hadda a la lumiere des fouilles afghanes de tapa-e-shotor et tapa-e-top-e -kalan." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR20026.
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Site archeologique d'afghanistan, rendu celebre par la decouverte d'innombrables statues bouddhiques modeles en stuc, en argile ou taillees dans le schiste ou du calcaire, caracterise par un art d'inspiration nettement hellenique,hadda et son ecole artistique sont consideres comme un maillon indispensable dans l'histoire des relations entre l'occident et le monde indien. Situe dans la plaine fertile du djallalabad actuel (nagarahara de l'antiquite), hadda a du en partie sa prosperite a sa position geographique favorisee par les routes reliant les grandes villes et lieux saints du bouddhisme. Lui meme une des places importantes dans laquelle des reliques du buddha etaient gardees devint un centre religieux et artistique de renom. Un peu partout autour de l'ancienne ville de hadda la hi-lo (hidda) des pelerins chinois, des dizaines de monasteres bouddhiques ont vu jour du 1er-2e siecle apres j-ch jusqu'au 8e-9e siecle apres j-ch. Les six annees de fouilles a hadda, plus particulierement sur les sites de tapa-e-shotor (tsh) et tapa-e-top-e-kalan (ttk) ont permis au candidat d'avoir une connaissance suffisante pour qu'il considere l'art de hadda non comme un descendant de l'ecole artistique dit "greco-bouddhique" du gandhara (nord-ouest de l'inde, a cheval sur l'afghanistan et le pakistan modernes) mais comme une evolution parallele a cette derniere, car la difference residait surtout dans l'emploi des materiaux utilisesArchaeological site of afghanistan famous for the discovery of countless buddhist statues moulded in stucco, clay or cut in schist or limestone characterized by an art definitly of hellenistic inspiration, hadda and its artistic school are tought of an essential link in the history of the relations between the west and the indian world in the fertile plain of the present djallalabad (nagarahara of ancient times), hadda owes part of its prosperity to its geografical position, advantage by the roads connecting the great towns and the holly places of buddhism. Being itself an important place where relics of buddha were kept, it became a well knowed artistic center. Every where all around of hadda the hi-lo (hidda) of the chines straveller, tens of buddhist monastries saw the light from the 1st-2nd to 5nd centuries and the 8-9nd centuries a. D. The six years of excavations of hadda and specially the sites of tapa-e-shotor (tsh) and tapa-e-top-e-kalan (ttk) allowed the candidate to get cnough knowledge so that he considers the art of hadda not as a descendant of the artistic school called "greco-buddhic art" of gandhara (north-west of india which sat astride between the present afghanistan and pakistan) but like a parallel evolution to the last one becauses the difference was mainly due to materials used
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Ribeiro, Andréa Gomes. "Alterações clínicas, protéicas do humor aquoso, sorológicas e histopatológicas em olhos de cães (Canis familiaris) (Linnaeus, 1758), infectados experimentalmente, por via conjuntival, com Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi (Cunha & Chagas, 1937) /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89091.
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Orientador: José Luiz LausBanca: Márcia Rita Fernandes Machado
Banca: Leucio Camara Alves
Resumo: Avaliaram-se as alterações oftálmicas, protéicas do humor aquoso, sorológicas e histopatológicas em cães infectados experimentalmente com Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi por via conjuntival. Selecionaram-se dez cães saudáveis após exame clínico, prova sorológica de ELISA para Leishmania sp e microscopia de luz de esfregaços de medula óssea. Dois grupos de cães compuseram o estudo. O Grupo Inoculado (GI) foi constituído por sete animais, que receberam 150æL de uma solução de cultura de Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi por via conjuntival, e o Grupo Controle (GC) por três animais, inoculados com solução salina fisiológica, pela mesma via. Os cães foram monitorados quanto às alterações oculares às 2, 4, 6, 12 e 24h após a instilação. Em seguida, diariamente por uma semana, e a partir daí, uma vez por semana, até que se completassem os 60 dias pós-infecção. Amostras de sangue e de humor aquoso de ambos os olhos e esfregaços de medula óssea foram coletados aos 60 dias, para sorologia, análise protéica e parasitologia, respectivamente. Todos os animais do GI mostraram sinais oculares unilaterais ou bilaterais, particularmente opacidades corneais. Não somente os resultados dos anticorpos anti-Leishmania sp no soro e no humor aquoso, como também a parasitologia, resultaram negativos. A histopatologia dos olhos de cães do grupo infectado por Leishmania revelou resposta inflamatória caracterizada por infiltração de macrófagos, linfócitos e células plasmáticas, notadamente na terceira pálpebra, na conjuntiva e na glândula lacrimal. Edema, congestão e perivasculite difusa envolvendo o trato uveal, igualmente foram observados.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ocular signs protein of aqueous humour, serological and structural changes in the dogs' eyes infected experimentally by the conjunctival route of exposure with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi. A total of 10 healthy dogs were submitted to clinical examination, assayed by the ELISA test for anti- Leishmania sp antibodies and also microscopic examination of bone marrow smears. Two groups of dogs were studied. The first, Inoculated Group (IG) consisted of seven animal which one received a 150æL of Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi suspension by the conjunctival route and the Control Group (CG) consisted of three animals inoculated by the saline physiological solution at the same route. The dogs were ophthalmology monitored at 2, 4, 6, 12 e 24 hours pos instilation. After this period, they were monitored once a day for one week and then, once a week until 60 days were complete. Blood samples, aqueous humor of both eyes and bone marrow smears were collected at 60 days for serology , protein of aqueous humour analyses and parasitological examination. All animals from IG showed unilateral or bilateral ocular signs, particularly corneal opacification. Not only the results of anti- Leishmania sp antibodies in sera and aqueous humor but also the parasitological examinations were negative. The histopathologic evaluation of eyes in the Leishmaniainfected dogs revealed inflammatory response characterized by macrophages infiltration, lymphocytes and plasma cells particularly on the third eyelid, the conjunctive tissue and lacrimal gland. Edema, congestion and a diffuse perivasculitis involving the uveal tract were also observed.
Mestre
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Ratrimoarivony, Mialy Nirina. "La Lémurie, Terre des Esprits : les enjeux spatio-culturels d'une réappropriation de l'identité autochtone à Madagascar : étude sur des sites sacrés naturels de Kalanoro, Zazavavindrano et Vazimba." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30065.
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L’esprit de la Lémurie prône le respect de la vie sous toutes ses manifestations : esprit, humain, nature. Ces valeurs prennent tout leur sens à travers les multiples sites sacrés naturels de Madagascar, domaines des Manankasina, esprits de la nature : les forêts et grottes des Kalanoro, les cours d’eau, lacs et sources des Zazavavindrano, les espaces aquatiques et terrestres des Vazimba, sont préservés par les tabous et régis par les rituels. Mais cette « terre des esprits » est aussi une « terre des ancêtres ». Les Manankasina entretiennent alors des relations avec leurs descendants Malagasy/Malgaches, et structurent les populations autochtones entre tompon-drano régisseurs de l’eau, et tompon-tany régisseurs des terres. Cette étude essaie de redéployer les repères spatio-culturels originels de la Matrie Malgache, et analyse leur évolution, face à des migrations coloniales centralisatrices et profanatrices. Elle précise le mode de fonctionnement du territoire autochtone, et favorise une méthodologie d’approche basée sur la tradition orale (mythes, contes, proverbes) et l’étude des rites et structures spirituelles, rattachés à l’espace naturel. C’est une étude comparative qui, en évoquant les particularités spatiales et humaines des anciens continents engloutis comme la Lémurie, suscite des réflexions sur les modes de préservation d’un fond culturel GondwanienThe spirit of Lemuria is based on the respect of life under all its expressions : spirit, human, nature. In Madagascar, those values are best embodied by the natural sacred sites, territories of the Manankasina, spirits of the nature. The forest and caves of the Kalanoro, streams, lakes and springs of the Zazavavindrano, aquatic and ground spaces of the Vazimba, are then protected and governed by taboos and rituals. But this “land of the spirits” is also a “land of the ancestors”. The Manankasina, maintain relations with their descendants, the Malagasy people, and organize indigenous communities between tompon-drano, managers of the water, and tompon-tany, managers of the land. This study tries to redefine the spatial and cultural bases of the Malagasy Mother-Land, and analyses their evolution, facing centralist and profaner colonial migrations. It specifies the functioning of the indigenous territory, by using a methodology of approach based on oral tradition (myths, tales, proverbs) and the study of the rites and the spiritual structures, connected with the natural space. It is a comparative work which evokes ancient submerged continents as Lemuria, and arouses reflections about the preservation of a cultural foundation of Gondwana
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Supri, Salinder Singh. "Off-farm activities in India : a case study of rural households in Rurka Kalan Development Block, Punjab, c.1961-1993." Thesis, University of Salford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245059.
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Thothe, Oesi. "Investigating the role of media in the identity construction of ethnic minority language speakers in Botswana : an exploratory study of the Bakalanga." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017788.
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This dissertation investigates the role of media in the identity construction of minority language speakers in Botswana, with a focus on the Bakalanga. The study is informed by debates around the degree to which the media can be seen to play a central role in the way the Bakalanga define their own identity. As part of this, it considers how such individuals understand their own sense of identity to be located within processes of nation-building, and in particular in relation to the construction of a national identity. It focuses, more particularly, on the extent to which the absence of particular languages within media can be said to impact on such processes of identity formation. The study responds, at the same time, to the argument that people’s more general lived experiences and their broader social environment have a bearing on how they make sense of the media. As such, it can be seen to critique the assumption that the media necessarily play a central and defining role within processes of socialisation. In order to explore the significance of these debates for a study of the Bakalanga, the dissertation includes a contextual discussion of language policy in Botswana, the impact of colonial history on such policy and the implications that this has had for the linguistic identity of the media. It also reviews theoretical debates that help to make sense of the role that the media plays within the processes through which minority language speakers construct their own identity. Finally, it includes an empirical case study, consisting of qualitative interviews with individuals who identify themselves as Bakalanga. It is argued that, because of the absence of their own language from the media, the respondents do not describe the media as central to their own processes of identity formation. At the same time, the respondents recognise the importance of the media within society, and are preoccupied with their own marginalisation from the media. The study explores the way the respondents make sense of such marginalisation, as demonstrated by their attempts to seek alternative media platforms in which they can find recognition of their own language and social experience. The study thus reaffirms the significance of media in society – even for people who feel that they are not recognised within such media.
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KARYONO, H. S. "Typologie des structures mineralisees du bassin de la kalan, kalimantan de l'ouest, indonesie : aspect tectonique et controle structural des mineralisations d'uranium." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR1A002.
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Le bassin de la kalan se trouve dans le flanc ne des monts schwaner constitutes de complexes de roches tonalitiques, metamorphiques et volcaniques. Les indices et gisements uranifere, series metamorphiques et volcano-sedimentaires qui sont polyphases et qui appartiennent a differents niveaux structuraux. La mineralisation uranifere se repartit en trois groupes comprenant les filons brechiques a remplissage de sulfure de fer, les filons feldspathique et les filons quartzo-feldspathiques.
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Ag, Atteynine Solimane. "Changement climatique et rongeurs ravageurs des cultures : effet attractif des cultures de saison sèche sur les espèces du genre Arvicanthis au Mali." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0130.
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Au Mali, pendant la saison sèche se pose la question de l’effet attractif exercé par les cultures de saison sèche sur les rongeurs ravageurs; lequel serait d'autant plus marqué sur le gradient latitudinal d’aridité soudano-sahélien GECS (1100 mm à 200 mm). Ces hypothèses sont testées chez le genre Arvicanthis (A.ansorgei,A.niloticus). Les résultats de la prospection cytogénétique antérieure 1994-1999 & une prospection élargie 2009-2014, révèle des changements récents des aires de distribution des 2 espèces; suggérant un rôle fort de leur adaptation chronobiologique dans le déterminisme de leur distribution. Cette approche horizontale suivie d'une approche verticale (2009-2016) compare 4 indicateurs de l'effet attractif des CSS vs les MNC dans les 5 régions climatiques du GECS (Sikasso, Koulikoro, Ségou, Mopti, Gao). Les densités de populations des 2 espèces sont plus élevées dans les CSS vs les MNC ; et cet effet attractif des CSS augmente avec l’aridité dans l'aire d'A.niloticus. Le ratio de "stratèges migrateurs" au sein des populations démontre l’effet tampon des CSS et confirme la fréquence de ces épisodes. L’étude du régime alimentaire confirme leur régime phytophage. En milieu naturel, l’aridité induit une baisse de la consommation de plantes compensées par celle d'Arthropodes non orthoptères; et la diversité des plantes consommées diminue avec l’aridité chez A.ansorgei vs augmente avec l’aridité chez A.niloticus. L'effet tampon des CSS "neutralise" les différences interspécifiques et chez les 2 espèces, dans les CSS, la diversité des adventices consommés diminue au détriment des plantes cultivées en particulier le riz.et la consommation en Orthoptères augmenteIn Mali, during the dry season, there is the issue of the attractive effect of dry season crops on rodent pests, which would be all the more marked in the latitudinal gradient of Sudan-Sahel aridity GECS (1100 mm to 200 mm). These hypotheses are tested in the genus Arvicanthis (A.ansorgei, A. niloticus). The results of the previous cytogenetic survey 1994-1999 and an expanded survey 2009-2014 reveal recent changes in the distribution areas of both species; suggesting a strong role of their chronobiological adaptation in the determinism of their distribution. This horizontal approach followed by a vertical approach (2009-2016) compares four indicators of the attractiveness of the CSS vs. the MNC in the five climatic regions of GECS (Sikasso, Koulikoro, Ségou, Mopti, Gao). The population densities of both species are higher in the CSS vs. the MNC; and this attractiveness of the CSS increases with aridity in the area of A. niloticus. The ratio of "migratory strategists" within populations demonstrates the buffering effect of the CSS and confirms the frequency of these episodes. The diet study confirms their phytophagous diet. In a natural environment, aridity induces a decrease in the consumption of plants compensated by that of non-orthopterous Arthropods; and the diversity of plants consumed decreases with aridity in A.ansorgei vs increases with aridity in A. niloticus. The buffering effect of CSS "neutralizes" inter-specific differences, and in both species, in the CSS, the diversity of weeds consumed decreases to the detriment of crops, especially rice and the consumption in the Orthoptera increases
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Kansal-Kalavar, Sonia [Verfasser]. "Leishmania donovani tryparedoxin peroxidase / von Sonia Kansal-Kalavar." 2004. http://d-nb.info/971863040/34.
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Mahadevi. "Mysore wodeyara kalada samaja mattu samskruti (1704-1761)." Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/2226.
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Dhlamini, Nozizwe. "Music as a medium of protest : an analysis of selected Kalanga music." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23380.
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The study explores the theme of protest as encoded in selected Kalanga music. In particular, the study focuses on the analysis of songs sung by Kalanga musicians such as Chase Skuza, Ndux Junior and Batshele Brothers, Ndolwane Super Sounds and Tornado Heroes within the period 2000-2013.The selected period is generally considered to be a crisis period in Zimbabwe. Further, the study also relies on views from key respondents obtained through semi structured interviews and questionnaires. The research adopts the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework and the hegemony theory to help identify the discourses as encoded in the theme of protest in Kalanga music. The two frameworks are engaged because they challenge critical thinkers to move away from seeing language as immaterial to acknowledging and believing that words are meaningful in specific political, social and historical contexts. The study establishes that Kalanga music is protest art that speaks on behalf of the people by pointing out the injustices and malpractices that take place in society. The selected music demonstrates the battles that are ongoing that the musicians are protesting against. The study notes that protest music raises the consciousness of the citizens on the wayward behaviour of individuals and institutions. The protest themes identified include; corruption, poor governance and poor leadership, unfulfilled promises, lack of unity, repressive and oppressive laws, a skewed representation of the nation’s history, deployment of Shona teachers in Matabeleland, decrying moral decadence, protest against jealousy and envy and protest against xenophobia. Findings of the study also demonstrate that music goes beyond simply reflecting and describing situations but it also becomes an avenue through which discursive spaces are opened. The study also shows that Kalanga music provides alternative platforms for the articulation of matters generally considered taboo within Zimbabwean spaces, Kalanga music has a potential to contribute to national cohesion and national growth using its constructive criticism of the political, social and economic state of Zimbabwe. The study has clearly enunciated that protest music assists in the interrogation of a society’s moral compass and in turn question some convictions. Kalanga songs are not merely frivolous components of various sects of Zimbabwean culture, or passing sources of insignificant entertainment. Instead, they and their singers are critical contributors to the shaping of those eras, playing irreplaceable roles as they spur collective mindsets of protest across many social aggregates through their appeal to the desires, the morals, the lamentations, the angers and the passions of the Kalanga people.Linguistics and Modern Languages
Ph. D. (Languages, Linguistics and Literature)
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"Indios ressurgidos : a construção da auto-imagem : os Tumbalala, os Kalanko, os Karuazu, os Catokinn e os Koiupanka." Tese, Biblioteca Digital da Unicamp, 2003. http://libdigi.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000325263.
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Dube, Thembani. "Shifting identities and the transformation of the Kalanga, people of Bulilimamangwe District, Matebeleland South, Zimbabwe C. 1946-2005." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/19382.
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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities of the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History.This thesis explores various ways in which Kalanga ethnic identity has been (re)constructed, negotiated, manipulated and transformed by different interest groups such as missionaries, colonists, Kalanga cultural entrepreneurs, chiefs and ordinary Kalanga people in Bulilimamangwe district. Using a collection of both primary and secondary sources, the thesis posits that among other markers of Kalanga identity, Kalanga language has been central in the Kalanga clamour for their official recognition by the state in colonial and post-colonial Zimbabwe. It challenges the conventional interpretations of African identities by arguing that pre-colonial Kalanga society was characterised by fluid and flexible identities which constantly shifted boundaries. The study demonstrates how the colonial government, through the appointment of Ndebele chiefs in Kalanga areas fuelled Kalanga ethnic consciousness which was deployed by Kalanga chiefs and their subordinates during the opposition to the implementation of the Native Land Husbandry Act in Bulilimamangwe district. The study further argues that the Kalanga Cultural Promotion Society (KCPS) played a significant role in contributing to the escalation of Kalanga ethnic consciousness especially in post-independent Zimbabwe where ethnicity became an important feature amongst the marginalised groups. As a result of being alienated from the independent state, there was a resurgence of Kalanga ethnic mobilisation which was led by the KCPS and the Kalanga Language and Cultural Development Association (KLCDA), the Associations that lobbied for the recognition of Kalanga language in the education system and in state/public radio broadcasting. The thesis therefore contributes to the scholarship on ethnic identities by elaborating how Kalanga experiences with various factors such as social, political and physical environment contributed to the shifts and fluidity of Kalanga ethnic identity from 1946 to 2005.
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Savitri, A. "Chemical and biological studies on Kalatur[Black variety soyabean] and Tur [Cajanus cafan] with a view to study possibilties of producing flours with low flatulence." Thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/1833.
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Maseko, Busani. "The impact of family language policy (FLP) on the conservation of minority languages in Zimbabwe." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22166.
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This study investigates the impact of Family Language Policy (FLP) on the conservation of minority languages in Zimbabwe. Family language policy is a newly emerging sub field of language planning and policy which focuses on the explicit and overt planning in relation to language use within the home among family members. The study is therefore predicated on the view that the conservation of any minority language largely depends on intergenerational transmission of the particular language. Intergenerational transmission is dependent in part, on the language practices in the home and therefore on family language policy. To understand the nature, practice and negotiation of family language policy in the context of minority language conservation, the study focuses on the perspectives of a sample of 34 L1 Kalanga parents and 28 L1 Tonga parents, who form the main target population. In this study, parents are considered to be the ‘authorities’ within the family, who have the capacity to articulate and influence language use and language practices. Also included in this study are the perspectives of language and culture associations representing minority languages regarding their role in the conservation of minority languages at the micro community level. Representatives of Kalanga Language and Cultural Development Association (KLCDA), Tonga Language and Culture Committee (TOLACCO) as well Zimbabwe Indigenous Languages Promotion Association (ZILPA) were targeted.
This research takes on a qualitative approach. Methodologically, the study deployed the interview as the main data collection tool. Semi structured interviews were conducted with L1 Kalanga and L1 Tonga parents while unstructured interviews were conducted with the representatives of language and culture associations. This study deploys the language management theory and the reversing language shift theory as the analytical lenses that enable the study to understand the mechanics of family language policy and their impact on intergenerational transmission of minority languages in Zimbabwe. Language management theory allows for the extendibility of the tenets of language policy into the family domain and specifically affords the study to explore the dialectics of parental language ideologies and family language practices in the context of minority language conservation in Zimbabwe. The reversing language shift theory also emphasises the importance of the home domain in facilitating intergenerational transmission of minority languages.
Findings of the study demonstrate that family language policy is an important aspect in intergenerational transmission of minority languages, itself a nuanced and muddled process. The research demonstrates that there is a correlation between parental language ideologies and parental disposition to articulate and persue a particular kind of family language policy. In particular, the study identified a pro-minority home language and pro- bilingual family language policies as the major parental language ideologies driving family language policies. However, the research reveals that parental language ideologies and parental explicitly articulated family language polices alone do not guarantee intergenerational transmission of minority languages, although they are very pertinent. This, as the study argues, is because family language policy is not immune to external language practices such as the school language policy or the wider language policy at the macro state level. Despite parents being the main articulators of family language policy, the study found out that in some instances, parental ideologies do not usually coincide with children’s practices. The mismatch between parental preferences and their children’s language practices at home are a reproduction, in the home, of extra familial language practices. This impacts family language practices by informing the child resistant agency to parental family language policy, leading to a renegotiation of family language policy. The research also demonstrates that parents, especially those with high impact beliefs are disposed to take active steps, or to employ language management strategies to realise their desired language practices in the home. The study demonstrates that these parental strategies may succeed in part, particularly when complemented by an enabling sociolinguistic environment beyond the home. The articulation of a pro-Tonga only family language policy was reproduced in the children’s language practices, while the preference for a pro- bilingual family language policy by the majority L1 Kalanga parents was snubbed for a predominantly Ndebele-only practice by their children. In most cases, the research found out that language use in formal domains impacted on the success of FLP. Tonga is widely taught in Schools within Binga districts while Kalanga is not as widespread in Bulilima and Mangwe schools. Ndebele is the most widespread language in Bulilima and Mangwe schools. As such; children of L1 Kalanga parents tend to evaluate Kalanga negatively while having positive associations with Ndebele. All these language practices are deemed to impact on family language policy and therefore on intergenerational transmission of minority languages in Zimbabwe. The desire by parents for the upward mobility of children results in them capitulating to the wider socio political reality and therefore to the demands of their children in terms of language use in the home.
The study therefore concludes that family language policy is an important frontier in the fight against language shift and language endangerment, given the importance of the home in intergenerational transmission of minority languages. The study therefore implores future research to focus on this very important but largely unresearched sub field of language policy. The study observes that most researches have focused on the activities of larger state institutions and organisations and how they impact on minority language conservation, to the detriment of the uncontestable fact that the survival of any language depends on the active use of the language by the speakers. The research also recommends that future practice of language policy should not attempt to promote minority languages by discouraging the use of other majority languages, but rather, speakers should embrace bilingualism as a benefit and a resource and not as a liability. The interaction between the top down state language policy and the bottom up micro family language policy should be acknowledged and exploited, in such a way that the two can be deployed as complementary approaches in minority language conservation.Linguistics and Modern Languages
D. Litt. et Phil. (Languages, Linguistics and Literature)
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Kufakunesu, Patson. "The historical and contemporary sociolinguistic status of selected minority languages in civil courts of Zimbabwe." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23584.
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This study examines the historical and contemporary sociolinguistic status of three minority languages, namely Shangani, Kalanga and Tonga in Chiredzi, Plumtree and Binga respectively within the civil courts of Zimbabwe. This research problematizes the issue of language choice and usage in civil courtroom discourse by native speakers of the languages under study. The background to this research endeavor is the historical dominance of English, Shona and Ndebele in public institutions as media of communication even in areas where minority languages are dominant, a situation that has resulted in minority languages having a restricted functional space in public life. Respondents in this research included native speakers of the languages under study who have attended civil courtroom sessions either as accused persons or complainants, members of rural communities including community leaders, court interpreters stationed at Binga, Chiredzi and Plumtree magistrates‟ courts and members of the Judicial Services Commission (JSC). Data was also collected from minority language advocacy groups including Tonga Language and Cultural Committee (TOLACCO), Shangani Promotion Trust (SPAT) and Kalanga Language and Culture Development (KLCDA) using semi-structured interviews. In addition, participant observation of civil courtroom proceedings involving native speakers of Kalanga, Tonga and Shangani was done. Documentary analysis of colonial and postcolonial language policies in Zimbabwe was also done. Data was analyzed using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Ecology of Language theories. The findings for this research revealed that historically, language policy making in Zimbabwe has impacted negatively on the functional roles of Shangani, Tonga and Kalanga in civil courtroom communication because of the lack of implementation clauses in national constitutions. Furthermore, language attitudes that were analyzed in conjunction with a number of factors including age, demographics, naming of provinces, awareness of constitutional provisions on language and language-in-education policies were found to be key determinant factors influencing the sociolinguistic status of Kalanga, Tonga and Shangani in civil courtroom discourse. Court interpreting and initiatives by language advocacy groups also impacted on the sociolinguistic status of the languages under study in civil courtroom interaction.Linguistics and Modern Languages
D. Phil. (Language, Linguistics and Literature)