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Journal articles on the topic 'Kalmyk Steppe'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gunaev, Evgeniy. "Land Utilization Reform Project for Kalmyk Steppe of Astrakhan Governorate in the Context of the Decree 30 December 1846: Analyzing Archival Sources of 1910." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 3, no. 23 (2022): 36–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2022-3-23-36-55.

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Introduction. The article examines some 1910 archival documents of the Kalmyk People’s Administrative Department for provisions containing evidence that there had been a project aimed at activating land utilization across Kalmyks-inhabited territories of Astrakhan Governorate in the context of the Decree of 1846. Results. The study provides an essential-and-formal analysis of related and previously unpublished archival sources, introduces a roadmap to tackle a hypothesis and further investigate the issue. Conclusions. The addressed documents contain valuable data on land use in Kalmyk Steppe,

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Kurapov, Andrey. "Orthodox Christian Mission in Kalmyk Steppe, Early 20th Century: Astrakhanskie Eparkhialnye Vedomosti (Journal of Astrakhan Eparchy) as a Historical Source." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 3, no. 19 (2021): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2021-3-19-64-78.

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Introduction. The Journal of Astrakhan Eparchy (Russ. Astrakhanskie eparkhialnye vedomosti) was the official periodical of Astrakhan and Yenotayevka Eparchy in 1875 to 1918. Quite a share of the published articles dealt with household life, customs, religion of the Kalmyks, and dissemination of Christianity in Kalmyk Steppe. Goals. The study aims to identify, analyze, investigate and introduce materials contained in journal issues and covering the actual state and directions for further development of Russian missionary activity in early 20th century Kalmyk Steppe. Materials and methods. So, t

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Gunaev, Evgeniy A. "Административно-территориальное устройство Калмыцкой степи Астраханской губернии в XIX – начале XX вв.: историографический и источниковедческий обзор". Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 14, № 3 (2022): 547–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2022-3-547-565.

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Introduction. The article provides data on the territory of Kalmyk Steppe and its uluses in relation to the uyezd system of Astrakhan Governorate, outlines features of the former’s administrative structure in relation to the territorial component of public management, and examines historiography of the research issue. Materials. The paper investigates statistical digests, geographical reference books on the territorial composition of Astrakhan Governorate, including Kalmyk Steppe, its area, and ulus structure. Special attention is paid to certain legislative provisions of the Russian Empire co

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Tsoros, Altman. "Materials on Mongolic Visual Anthropology: A Cinematic Chronicle by August Kern Reviewed." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 4, no. 20 (2021): 94–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2021-4-20-94-118.

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Introduction. In 1923, Swiss filmmaker August Kern took motion pictures of Kalmyk settlements. Those were further used to compile an ethnographic film titled ‘Mysteries of Kalmyk Steppe. Glimpses of Kalmyk and Tatar Lifestyles’ (Fr. Les mystères de la steppe kalmouk. La vie des Tartars et des Kalmouks). Only one part of the film survived to the present but it does provide an extensive insight into the then life of Kalmyks. The newsreel depicts a short period, supposedly late spring to early summer, while one subtitle mentions Kern was able to film ‘an important religious feast of Kalmyks’. Goa

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Gunaev, Evgeniy A. "К. И. Костенков о правах калмыков на землю, предоставленную им в Астраханской губернии: источниковедческий обзор". Oriental studies 15, № 2 (2022): 244–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-60-2-244-258.

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Introduction. Capiton I. Kostenkov was the first researcher of Tsarist Russia to have explored legal regulations dealing with land rights of Kalmyks in Kalmyk Steppe of Astrakhan Governorate. The article reviews sources mentioned in Chapter Four (‘About Land Rights of Kalmyks in Astrakhan Governorate’) of his work titled ‘Kalmyk Nomads of Astrakhan Governorate: Historical and Statistical Accounts’ (St. Petersburg, 1870). Goals. The paper aims at analyzing the mentioned chapter as a work examining land rights regulations for Kalmyks in Astrakhan Governorate prior to the 1860s. Results. The arti

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Komandzhaev, Alexandr N., Badma V. Sangadzhiev та Evgeniy A. Komandzhaev. "Калмыцкая степь Астраханской губернии в конце XIX в. (по новым архивным материалам)". Oriental studies 15, № 2 (2022): 259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-60-2-259-269.

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Introduction. The article introduces into scientific circulation newly discovered archival materials and analyzes actual conditions in Kalmyk Steppe of Astrakhan Governorate in the late 19th century. The issue remains topical enough, which results from its poor historiographic tradition: only a few works have been published in the modern period just to outline some fragmentary aspects. In addition, interdisciplinary, civilizational and cultural approaches are urgently needed to address this theme. Goals. The work attempts a complex characterization of Kalmyk uluses and Kalmyk society in the la

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Esenova, Galina B. "Концепт «степь» в романе-хронике А. М. Амур-Санана «Мудрешкин сын»". Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 16, № 1 (2024): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2024-1-153-164.

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Introduction. The article is devoted to the concept of “steppe”, which is important for the Kalmyks' worldview. The purpose of the article is to study the implementation of the concept of “steppe” in a literary text. Tasks: a) identification and comparison of the meanings of the verbalizers of the concept “steppe” in the Russian and Kalmyk languages; b) analysis of the representation of the concept «steppe» in the text of the novel-chronicle by A. M. Amur-Sanan “Mudreshka’s Son”. Material: the text of the novel-chronicle by A. M. Amur-Sanan “Mudreshka’s Son”, written in Russian in 1925. Resear

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Batmaev, Maksim M., Pyotr M. Koltsov, Savr M. Murgaev та Semyon A. Umgaev. "В. Н. Татищев и вопросы улучшения экономического положения калмыцкого народа". Oriental Studies 14, № 5 (2021): 910–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2021-57-5-910-918.

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Introduction. This article is devoted to the activities of Vasily Nikitich Tatishchev, when Astrakhan governor (1741–1745) responsible for the affairs of the Kalmyk steppes. It is aimed to examine his projects designed to amend the impoverishment of the broad masses of Kalmyks often left without their livestock, even without horses. The question was raised by Tatishchev himself; the governor was worried about its political implications because Kalmyks without horses were of no use for the Russian Empire. Materials and methods. The article is based on archival materials, as well as the historio

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Badmaeva, E. N., and V. V. Batyrov. "Transformation of Kalmyk Dwellings during Their Transfer to Settled Life in Imperial and Soviet Periods." Nauchnyi dialog 12, no. 5 (2023): 409–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-5-409-426.

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The article examines the process of transformation of Kalmyk dwellings in the context of the transition of nomadic herders to settled life during the Imperial and Soviet periods. It is noted that felt dwelling (“kibitka”) were built for permanent family residence and had a range of useful functions: accessibility, low cost of materials (felt; with only some details made of wood), and ecological sustainability. The authors report that in the early years of Soviet power, herders began to transition en masse to settled life and independently built new Soviet settlements with houses made of mud an

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Mandzhikova, Larisa B. "Documents of the Horde Branch of the Astrakhan Chamber of State Property as a Source." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук, no. 4 (December 8, 2024): 64–90. https://doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2024-4-32-64-90.

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Introduction. The archive fund No. I-6 “Horde branch of the Astrakhan Chamber of State Property” (1848–1881) of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia consists of 10 files containing information on the activities of the Temporary Construction Commission for the construction of houses in the villages. From various types of documents, you can learn about the problems that arise during the construction of houses and their solutions, about the settlers who arrived in the Kalmyk steppe as a result of the state policy on the resettlement of peasants, and the settlement of Kalmyks. The purp

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Boldyreva, Indzhir M. "Песни о выселении калмыков и их возвращении из Сибири, записанные у информанта М. Б. Мудаевой". Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 15, № 3 (2020): 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2020-3-15-251-263.

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Goals. The paper introduces texts of songs dealing with the Kalmyk deportation and its follow-up period recorded from M. B. Mudaeva. These songs illustrate the historical truth of 1943 nation-wide tragedy and enormous happiness of the ones to have survived and returned to ancestral lands. Materials. The work examines songs recorded by the scholars of Kalmyk Research Institute of Language, Literature and History (present-day Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS) from M. B. Mudaeva during the 1960 folklore research expedition in Yashkulsky District. The song Hal’mgudyg nүүlһsnә tusk dun (‘Song of

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Mandzhikova, Larisa. "Collection И-2 ‘Kalmyk Affairs Commission, 1825–1836’ (National Archive, Elista) as a Source in the History of Government Agencies and Pre-Revolutionary Kalmykia: Some Issues of Records Management Revisited". Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 2, № 22 (2022): 70–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2022-2-22-70-87.

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Introduction. The article deals with the emergence and activities by the Kalmyk Affairs Commission which administered the Kalmyk Steppe of Astrakhan Governorate between 1826 and 1836. Given that the Kalmyks had a script of their own — todo bichig (Clear Script) — and were conducting extensive correspondence, it is necessary to analyze how they organized work with those documents. Of particular importance are insights into structures and contents of documents, scientific reference materials for Collection И-2 ‘Kalmyk Affairs Commission’ that make it possible to analyze and identify ef-forts onc

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Komandzhaev, Alexander N., and Evgeny A. Komandzhaev. "Some Characteristics of the Mentality of the Russian Kalmyks at the end of the 19th Century (According to the Testimony of Government Officials)." Journal of Frontier Studies 6, no. 3 (2021): 48–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/jfs.v6i3.319.

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The significance of studying the socio-cultural character of the Kalmyks is caused by the fact that the issue is poorly researched. The problems of mentality of this ethnic group have been considered mainly in the works of philosophers, cultural scientists and ethnologists, while in historical works, mainly in pre-revolutionary ones, we find only fragmentary notes about it. At the same time, new methodological approaches that have been established in historical science in recent decades allow us to take a fresh look at this problem. The aim of this article is to analyze some mental characteris

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Kurapov, Andrey A. "Лама Зодбо-Аракба Самтанов в российской межведомственной переписке и на страницах астраханской периодической печати". Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 13, № 2 (2021): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2021-2-341-350.

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Introduction. The article examines historical sources dealing with Lama Zodbo-Arakba Samtanov, the Head Lama of Buddhists of the Kalmyk steppe in 1873–1886, in terms of interaction between the Russian state administration and Kalmyk Buddhists. Data and methods. The research is based on historical-descriptive and comparative methods of historical analysis. Its focus is on the archive documents, including the memorandum of 21 January 1880 directed by the Head Lama of Kalmyk Buddhists Zodbo-Arakba Samtanov to the Minister of State Property A. A. Liven and the 1886 article ”Smert´poslednego lamy”

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Victoria, S. Shurguchieva. "Projects for Reforming the Court System of Kalmykia in the Early 20th Century." Bulletin of the Kalmyk Institute for Humanities of the Russian Academy of Sciences 25, no. 3 (2016): 3–10. https://doi.org/10.22162/2075-7794-2016-25-3-3-10.

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The article studies the elaboration of projects for reforming the judicial system and proceedings in Kalmyk Steppe in the early 20th century. Archival materials of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia served as the basis for the research. Additionally, published sources by pre-revolutionary and contemporary authors were applied as well; the works are of great interest since those are empiric materials collected during corresponding expeditions and describing the structure of judicial bodies and their functions within the Kalmyk Khanate, thus establishing the basis for the further s

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Ulanov, Mergen S., Valeriy N. Badmaev, and Edward C. Holland. "Buddhism and Kalmyk Secular Law in the Seventeenth to Nineteenth Centuries." Inner Asia 19, no. 2 (2017): 297–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105018-12340092.

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AbstractBuddhism endorses a set of rules and standards of conduct set out in the religion’s canonical texts. The text of the 1640 Steppe Code, both a peace treaty among the Mongols and an attempt at alliance buildingvis-à-visthe Manchus, also reflects the adaptation of the ethical norms of Buddhism to secular law and political relations. Secular law among the Kalmyks further evolved in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The Toktols issued by Khan Donduk-Dashi in the eighteenth century addressed a wide range of religious and secular elements in Kalmyk life, while also serving to strengthe

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Kendirbai, Gulnar T. "The Politics of the Inner Asian Frontier and the 1771 Exodus of the Kalmyks." Inner Asia 20, no. 2 (2018): 261–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105018-12340110.

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Abstract This article offers a new explanatory framework for studies of the return of the tsar’s Kalmyk subjects to their ancestors’ lands in Jungaria in 1771, a unique episode of Russian imperial history that illustrates the complex power dynamics of the Inner Asian frontier. By highlighting structural similarities between Russian and Qing approaches to their nomadic counterparts, the article challenges earlier characterisations of the Russian/Kalmyk relationship as one of domination and subjugation, demonstrating instead that Russian imperial authorities continued to adhere to established st

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Matsakova, Natalya P., Danara U. Mukhlaeva, and Daglara V. Amaeva. "On Mid-Nineteenth Century Forestation Endeavors across Steppe Areas of the Russian Empire: The Case of Kalmyk Steppe, Astrakhan Governorate." Oriental Studies 17, no. 6 (2024): 1196–208. https://doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2024-76-6-1196-1208.

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Introduction. The article deals with the issue of afforestation in Kalmyk Steppe of Astrakhan Governorate throughout the mid-eighteenth century which remains topical enough to date. The Republic of Kalmykia clusters with sparsely forested regions and is characterized by absence of natural tree and shrub structures. So, any lack of reforestation can lead to complete desertification of the territory. Therefore, re- and afforestation efforts in the region primarily seek to increase forested areas and prevent the spread of sand. The Republic participates in the federal program ‘Forest Conservation

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Komandzhaev, Evgeniy A. "Administrative and territorial changes in Kalmyk steppe of Astrakhan oblast in the late XIX-early XX centuries." RUDN Journal of Law 27, no. 3 (2023): 626–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2023-27-3-626-648.

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The relevance of this issue is caused by its understudied nature: in a small number of works there are only fragmentary notes about the landmark events of the government policy in Kalmyk uluses of Astrakhan oblast in the late 19th - early 20th century: the management transfer of Kalmyk uluses to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the administrative reform of 1910. The influence of the reform of 1892 in Kalmykia on changes in the management system is in the focus. The issue is also actualized by the necessity to attract new and varied record-keeping sources. The purpose of the work is quite s

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Mitruev, Bembya L. "Nomadische Streifereien unter den Kalmüken in den Jahren 1802 und 1803 by B. Bergmann: The Description of Kalmyk Wrestling Revisited." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 1, no. 17 (2021): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2021-1-17-89-101.

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Introduction. In the Kalmyk Steppe, Benjamin Bergmann witnessed a wrestling contest held during the Kalmyk festivities of Ȕrs Sar. A corresponding description is contained in his eighth letter included in the four-volume work of his titled ‘Nomadische Streifereien unter den Kalmüken in den Jahren 1802 und 1803’ (‘Nomadic Travels among the Kalmyk in the Years 1802 and 1803’) and published in 1804–1805 in Riga. Goals. The paper aims at introducing data on essentials and rules of Kalmyk wrestling described by B. Bergmann in his landmark book mentioned above. Results. The scrupulous translation of

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Lidzhieva, I. V. "The Imperial Educational Policy Dualism: Training National Personnel in the Aliens’ Society." HISTORY OF EVERYDAY LIFE 4, no. 32 (2024): 137–49. https://doi.org/10.35231/25422375_2024_4_137.

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The subject of this article is the imperial policy in the field of education in a non-Russian society in the 19th century on the example of Kalmyk steppe. The paper is based on documents from the National Archives of the Republic of Kalmykia and photographic materials from the repositories of the Stavropol Museum-Reserve named after G. N. Prozritelev and G. K. Prave. Using the problem-chronological method, the sequence of the organization of educational institutions in the Kalmyk steppe in the period under review was reconstructed. The use of the system method made it possible to determine the

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Tsyuryumov, Alexander V. "Улус Дондуковых в первые годы правления наместника Убаши". Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 14, № 3 (2022): 514–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2022-3-514-523.

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Introduction. The article deals with the earliest years of the young Kalmyk Viceroy Ubashi’s reign. Goals. The paper attempts an analysis of the Dondukovs’ arrival in Kalmyk Steppe during the mentioned period. Results. In 1762, Empress Catherine II granted Princess Vera Dondukova and her family a permission to move back to their uluses (estates). But the January 1763 return of Vera Dondukova and her son Alexey destabilized the political situation in Kalmyk Khanate, which resulted from immediate rumors suggesting a soon handover of power to the former to be followed by changes in the ulus syste

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Mandzhieva, Zayana I., та Saglara V. Mirzaeva. "Архивные записи Г. С. Лыткина как источник по этнографии калмыков XIX в." Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 15, № 1 (2023): 57–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-1-57-82.

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Introduction. The article examines and introduces into scientific discourse some archival materials of G. S. Lytkin recorded by the latter in Kalmyk Steppe and pertaining to folk medicine, calendar rituals, and ethnography of the mid-to-late nineteenth-century Volga Kalmyks. Goals. So, the paper aims to describe and introduce into scientific circulation some unpublished materials from the library of the Faculty of Asian and African Studies (Manuscript Dept.), St. Petersburg University. Materials. The study examines archival records of G. S. Lytkin stored at the mentioned repository. Results. T

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Tyumbeeva, Gilyana Erdmtaevna. "On the chronotope of the ethno-music worldview of the Kalmyks." PHILHARMONICA. International Music Journal, no. 3 (March 2021): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2453-613x.2021.3.35588.

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The research subject is the national parameters of the chronotope of the Kalmyk ethno-music worldview. In the mindset of the Mongolian language peoples, time and space are inseparable, interconnected, and interpenetrating. The chronotope composes a unique system of axes which is later complemented with other components of the national worldview. This explains the topicality of the research subject. The purpose of the research is to detect the music peculiarities of the national chronotope. The research is based on the previously studied manifestations of the national chronotope as a whole (the

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Mandzhikova, Larisa B. "О порядке рассмотрения наградных материалов за оспопрививание в дореволюционной Калмыкии XIX в. (на примере архивного дела № 141 фонда И-2 «Комиссии калмыцких дел» Национального архива Республики Калмыкия)". Oriental Studies 16, № 3 (2023): 602–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2023-67-3-602-615.

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Introduction. The early-to-mid 19th-century Kalmyk Steppe witnessed certain changes in the system of governing the Kalmyk people that were to introduce the region into the unified agenda of Russia’s administrative and territorial structures. And it was Kalmyk Affairs Commission that became the first agency to have implemented such administrative functions and solved issues related to the life of Kalmyks. Documents containing evidence of its activities were included in Collection-2 (similarly referred to as ‘Kalmyk Affairs Commission’, 1825–1836) of Kalmykia’s National Archive. Goals. The study

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Basangova, Tamara G. "Toponymic Dictionary of Kalmykia Review of the book: Gedeeva, D. B., Ubushieva, B. E., Lidzhieva, L. A., & Barinova, B. V. (Eds.). (2019). Slovar’ toponimov Respubliki Kalmykiia [Toponymic Dictionary of the Republic of Kalmykia]. Elista: KalmNTs RAS. 344 p." Вопросы Ономастики 20, no. 1 (2023): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2023.20.1.013.

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The paper reviews the “Dictionary of Place Names of the Republic of Kalmykia” compiled by scientists of the Kalmyk State University and published in 2019. It is primarily focused on toponyms collected during the expeditions of 2013–2017 but also includes the names extracted from other sources (maps, works of Kalmyk writers, scientific works). The book comprises more than 2,400 entries and today is the most complete bilingual (Russian and Kalmyk) on the toponymy of the Republic. The etymologies provided for the majority of names make the dictionary a rich source of information about the materia

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Gunaev, Evgeniy A. "Калмыцкая степь Астраханской губернии в первой половине XIX в.: этапы и основные модели административной системы управления". Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 15, № 3 (2023): 368–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2023-3-368-383.

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Introduction. The article deals with some key stages and patterns of administrative governance sequentially adopted for Kalmyk Steppe of Astrakhan Governorate in the early-to-mid nineteenth century. This very period was witnessing the integration and incorporation of Kalmyk Steppe into Russia’s administrative system, though some ethnos-specific governance elements would still be retained. The related historiography contains no explicit data as to certain governance stages (and patterns) characterized by corresponding qualitative changes. Results. The paper examines the publication titled ‘Mini

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Komandzhaev, Evgeniy A. "INSTITUTES OF PUBLIC AUTHORITY IN KALMYKIA IN THE 17TH - EARLY 20TH CENTURIES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CIVILIZATION AND CULTURAL APPROACH." RUDN Journal of Law 23, no. 2 (2019): 219–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2019-23-2-219-243.

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In order to more clearly present the processes, which taking place in Russian society, for a clearer assessment of the situation of national republics within the Russian Federation, it is necessary to turn to the historical and legal development of separate nations within Russia. Changes in the system of government of Russia, the emergence of new socio-economic, political, spiritual and cultural problems necessitate the development of new forms of cooperation between the regions and the federal center. The search for a better model of state administration of the regions pay our attention to th

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Okonova, Ludmila Vyacheslavovna. "The professional composition of the population of the Kalmyk steppe of the Astrakhan province based on the materials of the 1897 census: source analysis." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 5 (May 2024): 186–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2024.5.72056.

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Currently, researchers are paying special attention to one of the branches of historical science — historical professionology. Research in this area is devoted to the study of the historical development of various types of occupations, professions, the main sources of which are the results of population censuses. This study is devoted to the source analysis of the materials of the First general population census of pre-revolutionary Russia. The subject of the research of the scientific article is the study of the professional structure of the population on the example of the Kalmyk steppe of t

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Bovaev, Nikolai Borisovich. "On the Kalmyk cattle census of the late XIX – early XX century: based on the materials of the instructions of the cattle census." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 10 (October 2023): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2023.10.40908.

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The subject of the article is the rules of the census of livestock among the Kalmyks of the Astrakhan province, in accordance with the established instructions. The chronological framework covers the late XIX – early XX centuries. The object of the study was the Kalmyk cattle census program. The purpose of the study is to disclose the main provisions of the instructions for the registration of pets on the territory of the Kalmyk steppe, based on previously unused archival materials. The methodology of the work applied the principles of historicism, system analysis of available sources. Of part

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Maksimov, Konstantin N. "Формирование автономных образований в РСФСР в 1920-х годах: проблемы населения и территории (на материалах Калмыцкой автономной области)". Oriental Studies 14, № 1 (2021): 56–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2021-53-1-56-73.

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Introduction. Soviet Kalmykia’s historiography comprises quite a cluster of publications to have dealt with the shaping and development of the ethnic statehood. Such works primarily focus on preparatory and constitutive activities, economic beginnings. However, the formation of Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast’s territory and population have been covered by separate papers only fragmentarily. Goals. The study aims at investigating Kalmykia’s border-related problems and migrations of dispersed Kalmyk groups towards the region. In order to facilitate this, the article shall explore why territorial and b

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Tepkeev, Vladimir T. "Участие калмыков в переговорах о вступлении кубанского султана Бахта-Гирея под российскую протекцию в 1727 г." Oriental Studies 15, № 5 (2022): 951–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-63-5-951-962.

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Introduction. The article scrutinizes the 1727 Kalmyk-Kuban contacts and — within the latter — the role of the rebellious Sultan Bahti Giray of Kuban to have dramatically destabilized the Russian-Ottoman steppe frontier. The recent years witness an increasing interest in Bahti Giray’s biography examined in a series of special publications. Goals. The paper aims to introduce some newly discovered data on Kalmyk-Kuban relations. Materials. The work focuses on materials from the National Archive of Kalmykia to have collected unique documents of correspondence between Kalmyk princes and South Russ

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Батмаев, М. М., П. М. Кольцов, С. М. Мургаев, and С. А. Умгаев. "Some enterprises of the Astrakhan governor V. N. Tatishchev to improve the socio-economic situation of the Kalmyk steppe." Вестник гуманитарного образования, no. 2(26) (August 31, 2022): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25730/vsu.2070.22.001.

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Представленная статья посвящена отдельным социально-экономическим аспектам деятельности В. Н. Татищева на посту астраханского губернатора (с 1741 по 1745 гг.) в отношении кал мыцких степей, которые в то время находились в его ведении. При этом у калмыков существовала своя феодально-крепостническая политическая структура во главе с наместником (сами калмыки называли его ханом), которая постепенно подминалась под себя центральным имперским аппаратом. В силу комплекса внутренних и внешних политических, экономических и административных причин калмыки начали испытывать ряд существенных социально-эк

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Gunaev, Evgeniy A. "Materials of the Newspaper “Astrakhanskiy Listok” in 1913 as Sources on the Reform of the Judicial System in the Kalmyk Steppe and the Inner Kyrgyz Horde at the Beginning of the 20th Century." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук, no. 3 (September 30, 2024): 68–86. https://doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2024-3-31-68-86.

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Introduction. This article presents the texts and characteristics of two publications in the newspaper “Astrakhanskiy Listok” for 1913, devoted to the reforms of the judicial system in the Kalmyk steppe and the Inner Kyrgyz Horde at the beginning of the 20th century. The purpose of the article is to introduce these publications into scientific circulation, to study them from the point of view of content and historical context. Results. The main provisions of the projects of reforming the judicial system of the two named national suburbs are given: the initial one from the Ministry of Internal

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Lidzhieva, Irina V., and Yu S. Shurguchieva. "Report of the Interpreter N. A. Lebedev to Senator F. I. Engel on Settled Lifestyle of the Kalmyk Zaisang Tukchi (1827)." Herald of an archivist, no. 4 (2023): 1082–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2023-4-1082-1095.

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The article provides a source analysis of the report of the interpreter of the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, collegiate assessor Nikolai Alekseevich Lebedev, concerning settled lifestyle of the Kalmyk Zaisang Tukchi. This document, dated December 30, 1827, is addressed to the Privy Councilor, Senator Fyodor Ivanovich Engel; it is kept in the fond I-1 “Chief Bailiff of the Kalmyk people under the Astrakhan Governor” in the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. The fact of the Bagatsokhurovsky ulus Kalmyk Zaisang’s transition to sedentism, described by N. A. Lebede

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Цорос, Алтман Валерьевич, and Эльза Петровна Бакаева. "Kalmyk Shrines: Part 4 of the Documentary Film “Secrets of the Kalmyk Steppe: From the Life of the Kalmyks and Tatars”." ТРАДИЦИОННАЯ КУЛЬТУРА, no. 4 (November 25, 2021): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26158/tk.2021.22.4.005.

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В статье рассматривается часть документального фильма, снятого в начале 1920-х гг. швейцарской экспедицией. Благодаря фильму Августа Керна сохранились визуальные материалы о культуре и быте калмыков в эпоху перехода от кочевой жизни к оседлой. Исследование показало, что создание фильма “Die Geheimnisse der Kalmückensteppe. Aus dem Leben der Tataren und Kalmücken” (Тайны калмыцкой степи. Из жизни калмыков и татар) было связано с актуальным направлением гуманитарного кино начала 1920-х гг., создававшегося при поддержке организаций Международного комитета Красного Креста. А. Керн снимал фильм, яв

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Khaninova, Rimma. "The Crane’s Curse (Kharal) in Kalmyk Poetry, 20th – Early 21st Centuries: Analyzing the Motif." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 3, no. 23 (2022): 144–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2022-3-23-144-170.

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Introduction. In 20th/21st-century Kalmyk poetry, the crane theme — like any other involving bird images — serves to symbolically address the fauna of the steppe region, native land, and ancestral home. Goals. The article aims to analyze Kalmyk poetic texts for the motif of the crane’s curse and/or revenge caused by the death of chicks, that of the spouse, and related grief, sadness, and loneliness of the bird. Both the motif and the crane theme in Kalmyk lyrics at large have never been subject to research. Methods. The work employs the historical/literary, comparative, and descriptive methods

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Komandzhaev, Alexandr N., та Evgeniy A. Komandzhaev. "«Живем в Калмыцкой степи обыкновенно, как и другие живут». Ики-Хурулов род на рубеже XIX–XX вв." Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 14, № 3 (2022): 524–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2022-3-524-546.

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Introduction. The fact that Kalmyk past everyday life remains somewhat unexplored makes the study relevant enough to be tackled. Kalmyk historical literature virtually never viewed the issue as a subject of independent research. Only a few works by prerevolutionary and — even fewer — Soviet authors contain fragmentary references to certain aspects of Kalmyk life. In addition, topicality of the theme arises from the stern need to introduce new sources into scientific discourse, as well as ones to clarify and supplement the deeply-rooted conclusions and provisions of available works. Goals. The

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Batmaev, Maksim M. "Eighteenth-Century Trade Ties of Kalmyks." Oriental Studies 17, no. 4 (2024): 750–58. https://doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2024-74-4-750-758.

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Introduction. There are virtually no works dealing with Kalmyk trade and trade relations in the pre-revolutionary — including the eighteenth century — period. Only some scattered and brief messages can be found in works of pre-Soviet and Soviet historians. The post-perestroika era also lacks research attention to the topic. Meanwhile, it is impossible to attain a complete understanding of historical life throughout certain periods without insights into trade affairs at large — and foreign trade relations in particular. Goals. So, the paper seeks both to expand our knowledge of eighteenth-centu

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Omakaeva, Ellara U., and Ekaterina N. Badmaeva. "The Role of Weather and the Natural-Climate Factor in the Daily Nomadic Life of the Kalmyks in the Context of Traditional Nature Utilization: Effective Frontier Practices." Journal of Frontier Studies 9, no. 1 (2024): 82–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/jfs.v9i1.528.

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The article is devoted to the role of the climate factor and weather in the everyday nomadic life and history of the Kalmyks, closely linked with traditional nature management. Based on the study of published and archival materials from the State Archive of the Astrakhan Region, the State Archive of the Saratov Region, and the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia, the article examines the main features of the nature management system, the functioning and life of the Kalmyk nomadic society in new geographical conditions, and analyzes the processes of adaptation of nomads to the specific

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Lidzhieva, Irina V. "The Order of the Chief Trustee of the Kalmyk People V. A. Bashkirov on Records Management Procedure in the Department for the Kalmyk People (1892)." Herald of an archivist, no. 3 (2020): 736–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2020-3-736-750.

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The aim of this work is to conduct a source study of the order of the Chief Trustee of the Kalmyk people of the Astrakhan gubernia V. A. Bashkirov, dated June 24, 1892 and stored in the I-24 fond “Directorate for the Bagatsokhur ulus” of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. In the first half of the 19th century, the policy of the imperial authorities aimed at integration of the Kalmyk steppe led to the emergence of a number of laws regulating the process, the main emphasis of which was on the desire to integrate the regional periphery into the imperial system of governance. Accord

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Ryazhev, Andrey S. "Искупленный дважды: толмач Ставропольского войска Афанасий Шорин (опыт реконструкции нетипичной биографии крещеного калмыка второй трети XVIII в.)". Oriental Studies 13, № 4 (2020): 876–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2020-50-4-876-889.

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Introduction. Religious policies of the Russian Empire in early modern history is a topical issue of historiography. An important (though poorly researched) aspect of this question is the role of Kalmyk Christian elites. Being part of the diverse ethnoreligious cluster, the latter served as a conductor of Russia’s influence on subject nomadic communities (Oirats, Turkic tribes) during the period under consideration across southeastern steppe peripheries and adjacent territories. The Stavropol Kalmyk host established in 1737, quartered next to the fortress of Stavropol-on-Volga, and since 1745

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Muchaeva, Irina I., та Elza P. Bakaeva. "«Великому Белому Царю … в знак бесконечной любви»: дары калмыков императорской семье". Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук, № 4 (27 грудня 2023): 24–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2023-4-28-24-51.

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The process of the Kalmyk people’s voluntary entry into the Russian state was accompanied by sending of official delegations to the royal court and the practice of offering gifts. This practice continued later. The article is devoted to the so-called “gifts of the Kalmyks” presented to members of the imperial family. The purpose of the article is to examine exhibits from the collections of the Russian Ethnographic Museum, representing gifts presented by Kalmyks to monarchs, as sources on the history of the events related to the deputations of the Don Kalmyks in November 1908 and Astrakhan Kalm

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Bovaev, Nikolai Borisovich. "The problem of the position of magistrates in the social life of the Kalmyks of the second half of the XIX century." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 10 (October 2023): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2023.10.40937.

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The object of the research focuses on the formation of the Kalmyks' legal institution during the integration of the Kalmyk ethnos into the Russian Empire. The subject of the article is the most problematic aspects of the situation of magistrates and world congresses of the Kalmyk steppe in the Astrakhan province. The chronological framework of the work covers the second half of the XIX century. The purpose of the study is to analyze the main provisions of the transformation of magistrates' courts in the social environment of the Kalmyks, review the historiographical base on this topic and asse

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Ochirov, B. V. "Population of Bolshederbetovskii Ulus of Kalmykia during Transition to Settled Life in Second Half of 19th Century." Nauchnyi dialog 12, no. 8 (2023): 455–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-8-455-471.

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This article analyzes the economic state of Kalmyk society in the Bolshederbetovskii Ulus of Kalmykia during the intensive process of transition to settled life. This transition led to significant structural changes in the economic system of nomads. The author provides a comparative analysis of the changes in animal husbandry practices among the Kalmyks in the Bolshederbetovskii Ulus during the second half of the 19th century. The gradual development of agriculture in Kalmyk society is also examined. The main conclusion of this article is that throughout the second half of the 19th century, th

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Komandzhaev, Alexandr N., та Saglar E. Badmaeva. "Эпидемические заболевания в Калмыцкой степи Астраханской губернии в конце ХIХ – начале ХХ в." Oriental Studies 14, № 1 (2021): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2021-53-1-43-55.

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Introduction. The article examines the understudied issues of how and to what extent epidemic diseases used to spread across Kalmyk uluses (‘districts’) in the late 19th – early 20th centuries, with special attention be paid to employed control and monitoring methods. The problem was covered in a number of published reports delivered at the First Congress of Astrakhan physicians to have worked in Kalmyk-inhabited lands during the period under study, and the former contain their shared their experiences and valuable findings. Historians hardly ever approached the topic in just a few papers. Goa

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Komandzhaev, Alexandr N., та Evgeniy A. Komandzhaev. "Школы в Калмыцкой степи Астраханской губернии во второй половине XIX в." Монголоведение (Монгол судлал) 14, № 2 (2022): 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2500-1523-2022-2-281-292.

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Introduction. The topic remains understudied and is thus relevant enough to historical science. Despite the over a century has witnessed a dozen of publications examining schooling in prerevolutionary Kalmykia in various perspectives and detail, the bulk of them only partly approach the issue as a background phenomenon within wider insights into history of culture and education on broader timescapes. And only two related articles have been published in recent times. Furthermore, the problem is being actualized in connection with contemporary contexts: present-day Russian society utterly needs

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Lidzhieva, Irina. "“WANTING TO DEVOTE MYSELF TO SERVICE IN THE KALMYK STEPPE”: ABOUT THE ULUS TRUSTEE SALIM-GIREY NURALIKHANOV." Journal of history 114, no. 3 (2024): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/jh.2024.v114i3-011.

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At the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries. The Kalmyk steppe retained the status of a special territory within the Astrakhan province, which was expressed in a management system built taking into account the nomadic life of the autochthonous population, with the preservation of certain elements of self-government. Throughout the 19th century, foreign administration experienced a shortage of officials capable of not only adapting to the conditions of the steppe, but also building a system of communication with the local population. The solution to the problem could be graduates o

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Lidzhieva, Irina V. "State Holidays in the Inorodtsy Administration of the 19th Century: Working Arrangements for Employees." Herald of an archivist, no. 3 (2023): 700–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2023-3-700-712.

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In the early 19th century, the Russian Empire maintained a multivariate management system, among other things, due to incompleteness of integrative processes towards the inorodtsy population. Since Imperial approval of the “Rules for the Administration of the Kalmyk People” (1825; hereinafter referred to as the "Rules") determining legal status of the Kalmyk steppe, a management structure was finally formed that directly regulated the life of the autochthonous population. In accordance with legal norms of the "Rules", a vertical of power was established, powers of officials were designated, an

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Dzhundzhuzov, Stepan V., and Sergey V. Lyubichankovskiy. "Impact of the Russo-Turkish War of 1735-1739 on the construction of relations between the Russian Empire and nomadic peoples of the Southern Urals and Central Asia (based on materials from Orenburg Expedition)." RUDN Journal of Russian History 18, no. 3 (2019): 494–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2019-18-3-494-524.

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The article considers the pattern of relationship between the Russian Empire and the nomadic peoples of the Southern Urals and Central Asia in the 1730s. The authors study the impact of the Russo-Turkish War of 1735-1739 on the geopolitical situation in the southeastern frontier zone, and review the signifi cance of the Orenburg Expedition (Commission) to the settlement of confl icts among the steppe subjects of the empire as well as for preventing threats to them coming from neighboring states. The study is based on materials of the Orenburg Commission and the Orenburg Expedition preserved in

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