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Schweickart, David. "Das Kapital e Eu." Kalagatos 14, no. 3 (2017): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.23845/kgt.v14i3.292.
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A partir da sua própria biografia, o autor ensaia sobre sua interpretação de Das Kapital, de Karl Marx. Argumenta sobre a exploração capitalista, sobre o fetichismo e aponta para o problema central do capitalismo: a falta de controle dos concernidos sobre a produção de produtor úteis.
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Çınar, Selin. "Book Review of Das Kapital." Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 12, no. 1 (2023): 184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jjis.v12i1.62253.
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By the definition, socialism means that the production belongs to all segments of society without discrimination and are controlled by the state. In capitalism, in contrast to socialism, the means of production belong to individuals, not society, and it advocates competition. Communism, another concept, constitutes the beginning of socialism according to Marxist-Leninist society. In other words, production belongs entirely to the state, and the principle of equality is observed for everyone without distinction. One of the most important works of the German sociologist Karl Marx, the founder of Marxism, is his book “Das Kapital,” The main reason that led Karl Marx to write this work was the failure of the Industrial Revolution that took place in 1849. In this work, Marx criticized the capitalist mode of production and the competition brought about by capitalism and defended the rights of oppressed workers working for labor capital for unpaid or low wages. At the same time, he talks about social classes and defines the class struggle of women, men, and the bourgeoisie. The aim of this study is to refer to the first volume of Marx’s book “Capital,” to emphasize its importance in the context of socialism, capitalism, and communism.
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Marcinkowski, Christoph. "Reinhard Cardinal Marx, Das Kapital: Ein Pladoyer fur den." ICR Journal 3, no. 1 (2011): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v3i1.593.
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The recent worldwide financial crisis has initiated a global fundamental debate and raised questions about the capacity of contemporary economies to ensure the welfare of the world. In October 2008, Reinhard Marx launched Das Kapital: Ein Pladoyer fur den Menschen with intentional reference to the work by his namesake Karl Marx - Das Kapital: Kritik der politischen Okonomie - an extensive treatise on political economy, edited in part by Friedrich Engels, which critiques capitalism.
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Antunes, Paulo Fernando Rocha. "Marx, Das Kapital e a Revolução Russa: notas a partir de “La Rivoluzione contro il Capitale” de Gramsci." Kalagatos 14, no. 3 (2017): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.23845/kgt.v14i3.283.
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O presente texto aproveita o ensejo proporcionado pela passagem dos 150 anos do lançamento do Livro I de Das Kapital de Karl Marx e dos 100 anos da Revolução Russa. A propósito recupera um artigo de juventude de Antonio Gramsci – La Rivoluzione contro il Capitale (1918) –, alusivo a ambas. A partir do anunciado confronta a conceção gramsciana – que propõe o antagonismo entre Das Kapital e a Revolução Russa –, com a respetiva obra, e outros escritos, de Marx. Outrossim, aproveita a presente recuperação como uma via possível para a discussão do chamado “etapismo”.
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Arthur, C. J. "Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels." Royal Institute of Philosophy Lecture Series 20 (March 1986): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0957042x00004089.
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Karl Marx (1818–1883) was born in Trèves in the Rhineland. He studied law in Bonn, philosophy and history in Berlin, and received a doctorate from the University of Jena for a thesis on Epicurus (341–270 BC). (Epicurus' philosophy was a reaction against the ‘other-worldliness’ of Plato's theory of Forms. Whereas for Plato knowledge was of intelligible Forms, and the criterion of the truth of a hypothesis about the definition of a Form was that it should survive a Socratic testing by question and answer, for Epicurus the criterion of truth was sensation, and employment of this criterion favoured the theory with which Plato explicitly contrasted the theory of Forms (Sophist 246a–d), namely, the materialism of the atomists, Leucippus and Democritus.) Marx was editor of the Rheinische Zeitung of Cologne, 1842–1843. The paper was suppressed and he moved to Paris, becoming co-editor of the Deutsch-französische Jahrbücher, the one and only issue of which contained two articles by Marx and two by his friend, Friedrich Engels (1829–1895). Together they wrote The German Ideology (1846) and their most influential work, The Communist Manifesto (1848). Marx had been expelled from France in 1845, and went to Brussels, from where he was expelled during the 1848 revolutions. He went to Cologne to start, with Engels and others, a paper with a revolutionary editorial policy, the Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Expelled once again, Marx finally settled in London, working in the British Museum on his great historical analysis of capitalism, Das Kapital. The first volume was published in 1867, the remaining two volumes, completed by Engels after Marx's death, in 1885 and 1895.
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Leal, Carlos Alberti Salim. "Procedimentos composicionais de Alexander Kluge em "Notícias da antiguidade ideológica" e seus paralelos com a tradição da Teoria Crítica." Terceira Margem 25, no. 45 (2021): 275–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.55702/3m.v25i45.42520.
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A obra audiovisual de Alexander Kluge Notícias da Antiguidade Ideológica - Marx, Eisenstein, “O Capital” (Nachrichten aus der ideologischen Antike – Marx, Eisenstein, “Das Kapital”) foi lançado em 2008. Contando com cerca de nove horas de duração mais extras, o projeto representa uma problematização da própria noção de filme. Tomando como ponto de partida, a ambição de Eisenstein de filmar O Capital, de Karl Marx, e a possível utilização do modelo do Ulysses, de James Joyce, para esta empreitada. No presente trabalho buscaremos apontar algumas de suas singularidades composicionais e suas implicações para a prática audiovisual contemporânea, relacionando ao legado da teoria crítica.
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Pinheiro Araújo, Wécio. "A estranha objetividade do valor: trabalho, ideologia e capital no pensamento de Marx." Trilhas Filosóficas 11, no. 3 (2019): 157–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25244/tf.v11i3.3545.
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Resumo: Em O Capital, Marx nos alertou que a mercadoria tem um caráter misterioso que carrega “sutilezas metafísicas e argúcias teológicas”. Este artigo tenta decifrar um pouco desse mistério buscando decodifica-lo naquilo que denominamos como a estranha objetividade do valor. Para isso, analisamos a relação entre a ideologia e o valor a partir da crítica marxiana à mercadoria, consignada à lógica de Hegel. Vemos que o valor se constitui como razão ontológica da mercadoria enquanto produto do processo de trabalho que carrega uma racionalidade imanente, isto é, um espírito socialmente produzido que se objetiva à medida que é vivenciado pelos indivíduos como uma lógica social que rege as relações nesta sociedade. Isso se dá por meio de “sutilezas metafísicas” na formação da realidade social marcada por contradições estabelecidas entre, de um lado, o conteúdo objetivo das relações sociais, e de outro, a forma como essas relações são vivenciadas pela consciência na sociedade capitalista. Nesta relação entre conteúdo e forma, encontramos determinações de profundidade ontológica entre o valor e a ideologia, enquanto forma social que opera harmonizando as contradições constituintes da realidade social, a exemplo do que acontece no trabalho assalariado. A mediação ideológica se põe como uma progressão imanente à materialização da vivência concreta da relação entre capital e trabalho no salário, de maneira a naturalizar a exploração que se esconde na estranha objetividade do valor que se realiza na troca de mercadorias. Concluímos que a conexão ontológica entre o ser social e a mercadoria é socialmente ubíqua, precisamente por conta do seu caráter ideológico na formação da sociabilidade a partir do processo de trabalho subjugado ao capital. Palavras-chave: Valor. Ideologia. Trabalho, Capital. Salário. Abstract: In Capital, Marx warned us that the commodity has a mysterious character bearing "metaphysical subtleties and theological insights." This article attempts to decipher a little of this mystery by decoding it into what we call the strange objectivity of value. For this, we analyze the relation between ideology and value from the Marxian critique of the commodity, consigned to the Hegelian logic. We see that value is constituted as the ontological reason of the commodity as the product of the labor process that carries an immanent rationality, that is, a socially produced spirit that is objectified as it is experienced by the individuals as a social logic that governs the relations in this society. This is done through "metaphysical subtleties" in the formation of social reality marked by contradictions established between, on the one hand, the objective content of social relations, and on the other, the way in which these relations are experienced by consciousness in capitalist society. In this relationship between content and form, we find determinations of ontological depth between value and ideology, as a social form that operates by harmonizing the constituent contradictions of social reality, as in wage labor. Ideological mediation is seen as an immanent progression to the materialization of the concrete experience of the relation between capital and labor in wage, in order to naturalize the exploitation that is hidden in the strange objectivity of the value that is realized in the exchange of commodities. We conclude that the ontological connection between the social being and the commodity is socially ubiquitous precisely because of its ideological character in the formation of sociability from the labor process subjugated to capital. Keywords: Value. Labor. Ideology. Capital. Wage. REFERÊNCIAS ADORNO, Theodor W. Teoria Estética. [Asthetische Theorie]. Tradução de Artur Morão. – São Paulo : Livraria Martins Fontes, 1988. ADORNO, Theodor W. Três estudos sobre Hegel. [Drei Studien zu Hegel]. Tradução: Ulisses Razzante Vaccari. – 1. Ed. – São Paulo: Editora Unesp, 2013. ARAÚJO, Wécio Pinheiro. Ideologia e capital: crítica da razão imanente à sociedade moderna. Tese de doutorado. João Pessoa, PB; Leipzig, Saxônia, UFPB/UFPE/UFRN-HGB, 2018. ARTHUR, Christopher J. A nova dialética e “O Capital” de Marx. Tradução de Pedro C. Chadarevian. – São Paulo : Edipro, 2016. DUSSEL, Enrique. A Produção Teórica de Marx: um comentário sobre os Grundrisse. Tradução de José Paulo Netto. – 1 ed. – São Paulo : Expressão Popular, 2012. GERAS, Norman. Marx and the Critique of Political Economy. In: Ideology and Social Science: politics, sociology, anthropology, economics, history. – Ed. by Robin Blackburn, Fontana/Collins, 1977, p. 284-305. JAEGGI, Rahel. Alienation: News directions in Critical Theory. Columbia Uni. Press, 2014. HERÁCLITO, de Éfeso. Heráclito : fragmentos contextualizados. Tradução, apresentação e comentários Alexandre Costa. – São Paulo : Odysseus Editora, 2012. HEGEL, G. W. F. Fenomenologia do Espírito [Phänomenologie des Geistes]. Tradução de Paulo Meneses; com a colaboração de Karl-Heinz Efken, e José Nogueira Machado. – 5. ed. – Petrópolis, RJ : Vozes : Bragança Paulista, Editora Universitária São Francisco, 2008. MARX, Karl. Das Kapital: Der Produktionprozess des Kapitals. Erster Band, Erstes Buch (Kapitel XVI-LII). Hamburg, Nikol Verlag., 2016. MARX, Karl. Grundrisse: manuscritos econômicos de 1857-1858 : esboços da crítica da economia política. – supervisão editorial Mario Duayer; tradução Mario Duayer, Nélio Schneider (colaboração de Alice Helga Werner e Rudiger Hoffman). – São Paulo : Boitempo; Rio de Janeiro: Ed. UFRJ, 2011. MARX, Karl. Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos. [Ökonomie-philosophische Manuskripte] Tradução, apresentação e notas de Jesus Ranieri. - 2. reimp. - São Paulo : Boitempo Editorial, 2008. MARX, Karl. O Capital – Crítica da Economia Política. Livro 1 – O Processo de Produção do Capital. Vol. I – 10 ª. Edição, Tradução de Reginaldo Sant’ Anna. Do original em alemão: DAS KAPITAL – Kritik der politischen Ökonomie (Buch I: Der Produktionsprozes des Kapitals, Quarta edição, 1890). São Paulo : DIFEL, 1985. MARX, Karl. O Capital – Crítica da Economia Política. Livro 1 – O processo de produção do capital. Do original em alemão: DAS KAPITAL – Kritik der politischen Ökonomie (Buch 1: Der Produktionsprozess des Kapitals. – São Paulo: Boitempo, 2013. NICHOLS, Bill. Ideology and the Image: Social Representation in the Cinema and Other Media. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1981.
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Juwaini, Juwaini, Taslim HM Yasin, and Cut Siska Safira. "Materialism and Religious Perspective: An Analysis of Karl Marx's Thought." Abrahamic Religions: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama 4, no. 1 (2024): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/arj.v4i1.22800.
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Karl Marx was a philosopher and social observer, whose intelligence and brilliant thinking earned him a position as a political leader among the proletarian class of his time. For Marx, the essence of humanity lies in labor, and religion is a product and expression of the interests of the oppressed lower classes. Living in Europe during the industrial age, Marx's thoughts differed significantly from those of other philosophers of his time. This text examines Marx's thoughts on Materialism, religious beliefs, and Marxist Economics. Research findings indicate that Historical Materialism proposed by Marx is a useful term for providing the basic assumptions of his theory. The emphasis in his work "Das Kapital" is on the material needs and the struggle to enhance socialist revolution so that the proletariat can enjoy the majority of what is produced by industrialism. Marx believed that the ownership of the means of production in society should be evenly distributed according to human needs, not to the greed of a few. Religion, Marx argued, is an opiate for the masses, manipulating them with promises of eternal futures, thus alienating them from reality. In the capitalist economic system, Marx contended that fair wages for labor should be determined equally, just as the value of each commodity is determined by the amount of labor, meaning that employers should pay workers according to their labor
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Scheibenpflug, Valerie. "Die gemeinschaftsbildende Funktion des Konsumierens bei Marx, Bourdieu und Laclau/Mouffe." Soziologiemagazin 11, no. 2-2018 (2019): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/soz.v11i2.07.
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Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den Zusammenhang zwischen Konsum und der Herausbildung politischer Gemeinschaften bei Karl Marx, Pierre Bourdieu und Ernesto Laclau und Chantal Mouffe. Für Marx ist die Konsumption in kapitalistischen Gesellschaften konstiutiv für die Herausbildung des Klassenwiderspruches zwischen Arbeit und Kapital. Auch Bourdieu analysiert die Rolle des Konsumierens in Hinblick auf ihre klassenbildende Funktion. Er wendet sich jedoch von einem rein materialistischen Konsumptionsverständnis ab und betont die symbolisch-kulturelle Dimension des Konsumierens für die Herausbildung von Klassen in modernen Gesellschaften. Anders als Bourdieu geben Laclau/Mouffe einen Ausblick auf die Frage, wie sich unterschiedliche soziale Positionen auf der Grundlage einer Vervielfältigung sozialer Antagonismen zusammenschließen, um neue Gemeinschaftsformen zu bilden.
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Rickert, Imke. "Zur Dialektik des Rechts in der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft. Elemente der Marxschen Rechtskritik." Kritische Justiz 54, no. 1 (2021): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0023-4834-2021-1-3.
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Der Essay Zur Judenfrage von Karl Marx hat in der Rechtstheorie (auch der marxistischen) bislang wenig Beachtung gefunden. Wenn überhaupt Texte von Marx zum Gegenstand von Rechtstheorie werden, dann eher Passagen aus dem Kapital. Die Besonderheiten der Marxschen Rechtskritik treten jedoch gerade in diesem Frühtext hervor. Ich möchte diesen Text unter der Frage, wie Marx den dialektischen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Staat, der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft und den Menschenrechten denkt, in den Blick nehmen, um an der Rekonstruktion dieser Denkbewegung die Doppelstruktur seiner Kritik des Rechts als erkenntnis- und ideologiekritische deutlich werden zu lassen. Meine These dabei ist, dass das Recht, Ausdruck einer bestimmten Formation der Gesellschaft, nach Marx in Analogie zu dem Dualismus des politischen Staates und der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft selbst einen dualistischen, dissoziierenden Mechanismus aufweist, der auf einer kollektiv-gesellschaftlichen und auf einer subjektiv-individuellen Ebene die gesellschaftlichen Verhältnisse reproduziert. Mit Rekurs auf zeitgenössische Rechtstheoretiker:innen werde ich dies im Folgenden nachvollziehen und damit auf einige Probleme der materialistischen Rechtskritik hinweisen.
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De Visscher, Jacques. "Rudolf Boehm (1927–2019)." De Uil van Minerva 32, no. 4 (2021): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/uvm.v32i4.18150.
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Op 21 november 2013 gaf Rudolf Boehm over Marx zijn ‘laatste lezing’, zo werdin een rondschrijven aangekondigd. Een lezing was het niet, want Boehm,gehinderd door een heel slecht zicht, kon nog nauwelijks iets lezen. Hij gafbijgevolg een uiteenzetting, een goed voorbereide voordracht van meer dan eenuur over wat hij bij het denken en schrijven van Karl Marx zelf denkt, ingaand opde vraag ‘wat hebben we vandaag aan de inzichten van de auteur van Das Kapital?’ Veel nieuws was niet te horen, maar daar ging het mij niet om, integendeel. Ikkwam luisteren naar wat Boehm ons wist te bieden: een vertolking van een bekendstuk, zoals we naar een bekend muziekstuk kunnen luisteren, waarin veeleer devertolking dan de neergeschreven compositie ons interesseert.
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Buzgalin, Alexandr, and Andrey Kolganov. "«Das Kapital» of Karl Marx and the Contemporary System of the Capitalist Production Relations: the Experience of the Rising from the Abstract to the Concrete." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2016, no. 2 (2016): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201621.
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The researches of the contemporary capitalism have ran forward substantially in compare to the theoretical picture have drawn by Karl Marx in «Das Kapital» and show us the deep changes in the categories of the capitalism, which studied by Marx. But in these researches were not attempted to reproduce in full measure the method of «Das Kapital» — it was not shown the dialectical motion of the categories on the path of rising from the abstract to the concrete. In this paper we are trying to give the first sketch of the implementation of this method to the categories of the contemporary capitalism. We guess that just this dimension, starting from the study of the modification of the most abstract, simplest categories of capitalism, give us the possibility to understand in the full extent the modification of the more complex, more concrete categories of capitalist system of the production relations. Thus, we trying to show how the changes in the nature of commodity, of market, of money lead to the changes in the nature of the basic capitalist relation and in the more concrete forms of the existence of capital.
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Morales Bonilla, Cristopher. "¿Otro dinero es posible? Conexiones entre la mercancía dineraria dentro de la teoría del valor-trabajo de 'Das Kapital', el bitcoin y la descentralización de la economía." Teknokultura. Revista de Cultura Digital y Movimientos Sociales 17, no. 2 (2020): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/tekn.69477.
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En las últimas décadas, el nacimiento de las criptomonedas ha venido a desafiar el monopolio del papel moneda controlado por los bancos centrales nacionales y sus respectivos Estados. A partir de una concepción descentralizadora de la economía, monedas digitales como el Bitcoin han intentado sustituir al dinero tradicional como una nueva forma de relación económica más democrática. Sin embargo, es necesario confrontar estos nuevos modelos de intercambio económico con los análisis de Karl Marx en Das Kapital para comprobar si, realmente, suponen una alternativa eficaz al capitalismo o si recaen en formas nuevas de relaciones capitalistas.
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Hemmerechts, Kenneth, and Nohemi Jocabeth Echeverria Vicente. "The Publishing Process of the First Series of Karl Marx’s Le Capital (February–October 1872)." Quaerendo 53, no. 1 (2023): 40–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700690-bja10004.
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Abstract The French translation of Das Kapital volume I, a work of political economy published in 44 instalments arranged in series, has an important place in the œuvre of Karl Marx. With Le Capital, Marx wanted to bring out a rendition of volume I that would appeal to the French public, and particularly to the workers. The publishing process of the first series of Le Capital took shape in the wake of the Paris Commune, which resulted in a wave of revolutionaries leaving France. Despite its importance, there are few reports that attempt to reconstruct Le Capital’s publishing process to reveal the course of events. This includes the writing, translating, editing and printing of this work. In the present text, we offer an account of how the publishing process evolved in order to better understand the working conditions that shaped the content of this French translation. We wish to concentrate on what is perhaps one of the most contentious phases in the process of publishing Le Capital, namely that of the first series.
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Lauenstein Led, Jens Christian. "Kapitalismekritiske teaterdokumentarismer." Peripeti 11, no. 21 (2014): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/peri.v11i21.109412.
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The article seeks to argue that it may be fruitful to observe certain tendencies to critique of capitalism through documentary strategies in contemporary theatre in the light of the theatre and theories of Erwin Piscator, defending the thesis, that the similarities between the two are larger than what is typically assumed. Three theatrical art works are analyzed: Marat – was ist aus unser Revolution geworden? by director Volker Lösch; Das Himbeerreich by Andres Veiel, and Karl Marx: Das Kapital, erster band by the group Rimini Protokoll. All three are read as piscatorian, in as far as it is shown, how they in different manners return to his concepts, all though the political aspect seems to have been sliding from an insisting hope, to a desperate utopia.
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Westhelle, Vítor. "The significance of Luther for the crises of today: On the occasion of the 500 years of the Reformation." Revista Pistis Praxis 9, no. 2 (2017): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.7213/2175-1838.09.002.ds03.
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The 500 anniversary of the event that marks the beginning of the Reformation is an opportunity to revisit some of its radical claims. Among them is that liberation and salvation are related but distinct. As long as we honor the distinction, honored will be the shape Luther’s figure is transfigured into the mold of contemporary crises. It is about presence, regardless of the fact whether Luther is named or not. At the break of the 21st century, the most significant social phenomenon is arguably migration. The Reformer viewed migration in two diametrically different ways. This difference pertains to the two perspectives that inform Luther’s theology. One pertains to our relationship to God and detachment from the entrapments of the world. The other refers to our lifein the world, particularly as it concerns the economy. About a century and a half ago, in the high of industrial capitalism, Karl Marx found in Luther the basic clue to analyze the emergence of capital. This article presents thus an analysis of a treatise of Luther on usury that Marx discusses at length in the first volume of Das Kapital. As it was for Marx, Luther’s transfiguration happens in the voices of protest and resistance today.
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Fondu, Guillaume. "Karl Marx: Das Kapital. Kritik der politischen Ökonomie. Erster Band. Buch I: Der Produktionsprozess des Kapitals. Neue Textausgabe bearbeitet und herausgegeben von Thomas Kuczynski." Marx-Engels Jahrbuch 2017, no. 1 (2018): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mejb-2018-20170117.
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Vogman, Elena. "Eisenstein's Capital Diaries: An Introduction." October, no. 188 (2024): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00514.
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Abstract This text serves as an introduction to the first publication of an extensive new selection from Sergei Eisenstein's notebooks for a film of Capital (made “according to the script of K. Marx”): the Capital Diaries. While these texts have haunted the imaginations of historians, artists, and writers (from Guy Debord to Milica Tomic and Alexander Kluge) ever since short excerpts were first published in Russian in 1973 and English in October in 1976, this introduction presents a different and much broader selection, situating the experimental dimension of the notes between their main sources, Karl Marx's Das Kapital and James Joyce's Ulysses, as well as in the discursive framework of Viktor Shklovsky's theory of “defamilarization,” Nikolai Marr's “palaeontology of speech,” Mikhail Bakhtin's notion of “polyphony,” and Eisenstein's own conceptual and cinematic propositions, such as “intellectual attraction,” “typage,” and “inner monologue.” Furthermore, it traces the use value of images and collages in Eisenstein's diaries according to their potential to recirculate Marx's concepts and reveal cinema's participation in the entangled regimes of fascism and capitalism.
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Saalmann, Dieter. "“We Erect Our Structure in the Imagination before We Erect it in Reality.” (Karl Marx,Das Kapital) Postmodern Reflections on Christa Wolf." Germanic Review: Literature, Culture, Theory 67, no. 4 (1992): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00168890.1992.9936552.
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Sumida, Soichiro. "Karl Marx（ Thomas Kuczynski, hrsg.）: Das Kapital: Kritik der politishen Ökonomie, Erster Band, Buch I: Der Produktionsprozess des Kapitals. Hamburg: VSA Verlag, 2017, lxxii＋800 pp." History of Economic Thought 61, no. 2 (2020): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5362/jshet.61.2_80.
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MILLETT, PAUL. "ARISTOTLE AND SLAVERY IN ATHENS." Greece and Rome 54, no. 2 (2007): 178–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383507000150.
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The New York Daily Tribune for 20 December 1859 reported a pro-slavery meeting held the day before under the banner of ‘Justice for the South’ (the Civil War was less than eighteen months away). A lawyer named O'Connor spoke as follows:Now, Gentlemen, to that condition of bondage the Negro is assigned by Nature…. He has strength, and he has the power to labour; but the Nature which created that power has denied him either the intellect to govern or the willingness to work. (Applause)…. And that Nature which denied him the will to labour gave him a master to coerce that will, and to make him a useful servant in the clime in which he was capable of living useful for himself and for the master who governs him…. I maintain that it is not injustice to leave the Negro in the condition in which Nature placed him, to give him a master to govern him…nor is it depriving him of any of his rights to compel him to labour in return, and afford to that master just compensation for the labour and talent employed in governing him and rendering him useful to himself and to the society.That thoroughly Aristotelian defence of black slavery was identified as such by Karl Marx, reprinted in Kapital as a modern commentary on Aristotle's thinking on the role of the slave-owner.
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ZOLOTUKHIN, A. A. "Exploring the Explanatory Power of the Labour Theory of Value for Problems of Economic Growth." AlterEconomics 19, no. 2 (2022): 306–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31063/altereconomics/2022.19-2.6.
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Even though there has been accumulated a substantial amount of evidence on the disparities in different countries’ rates of economic growth, the question as to the roots of these disparities still remains open for debate. Historically, one of the first formalized models of economic growth was the two-sector scheme of expanded reproduction proposed by Karl Marx in the second volume of Das Kapital. The source of growth in this scheme was surplus value while the prices were determined by the cost of labour. In the following periods, however, the labour theory somewhat receded to the background in the studies of economic growth. This article seeks to address the task of formulating a theory of economic growth by drawing on the labour theory of value. To this end, three models are considered: a model with constant population and no technological progress; a model with endogenous population growth; and a model with endogenous economic growth and technical progress. These models can be used to explain the dynamics of economic growth and in some cases to predict the future growth rates. The model with endogenous population growth describes the development of the global economy between 1850 and 1970. The model with endogenous economic growth demonstrates that fundamental research is the source of long-term economic growth. The model with constant population and no technological progress shows the downward trend in the profit rate. The proposed methodological framework based on these three models can be used to predict further trajectories of growth for the Russian and Japanese economies.
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Lehmann, Hans-Thies. "Thinking/Tragedy/Thinking Tragedy: Remarks on the Fate of Theory on Stage." Anglia 136, no. 1 (2018): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ang-2018-0009.
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AbstractThe article thematizes the uniquely complex relation between theory and theatre by focusing on the specific case of theory presented on stage. Part One exposes an aporia of classical aesthetics: the aesthetic object is conceived as different from thought but at the same time it is demanded that its nucleus is thought. Commenting on a particularly telling example of theory on stage: Karl Marx: Das Kapital, Erster Band von Rimini Protokoll (2006), it is argued that the power of the performance is able to uncover under the surface of a seemingly well-known and well-ordered theory a mostly overlooked element of madness. Part Two deals with the Aristotelian gesture of thinking tragedy as a para-logical reality. The ‘logification’ of the aesthetic overlooks (or ‘forgets’) that all theoretical positing loses necessarily its earnest when appearing on stage. The paper concludes with a reflection on the enduring ‘unconscious’ Aristotelianism of the discourse on theatre and tragedy. Drawing on the research of Ulf Schmidt, the irreconcilable contradictoriness of the concepts of nous and fantasia is exposed which leads time and again to the hatred for the unruly playfulness of theatre in the classic tradition. The nobilitation of tragedy by Aristotle as more ‘philosophical’ than historiography must be unmasked as a ‘Trojan horse’ which serves the subordination of the tragic play to the jurisdiction of the philosophical discourse. Resisting theory’s attempt to transform the theatrical play into a mere double of a conceptual contradiction, theatre must insist on its moment of opaqueness, sheer materiality, defiant unreasonability.
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Sholahuddin, M. "KRITIK TERHADAP SISTEM EKONOMISOSIALIS DAN KAPITALIS." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 2, no. 2 (2007): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v2i2.3915.
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The failure of economic capitalism system stated by Adam Smith (1723-1790) and David Ricardo (1772-1823) actually have been criticized by Karl Marx (1818-1883) in his book "A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy" (1857) and "A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy" (1859). Karl Marx and Engels compile a new synthesis of economic socialist system. Stranger enough, socialism particularly as economic ideology is destroyed earlier than Capitalism. Meanwhile, capitalism still survives by transforming performance. For examples, at the time of the glory of Socialism age, capitalism was transformed into socialism state with social justice and welfare state concepts, and when Islam began to rise, it was transformed into new performance as if it has characteristic of Islam, but in fact it is still capitalism. This writing tries to criticize both of them by Islamic economic perspective.
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Abdillah, Abdillah, Luki Oka Prastio, and Safaranita Nur Effendi. "Analisis Alienasi Sosial Karl Marx dalam Kebijakan Sistem Pemagangan Nasional Indonesia." Jurnal Identitas 1, no. 2 (2021): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.52496/identitas.v1i2.155.
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Pelaksanaan ketenagakerjaan pada masa lampau tidak memiliki substansi yang jauh berbeda dengan saat ini, permasalahan eksploitasi tenaga kerja dan pengusaha, pertantangan kelas pekerja dan cengkraman kapitalis pada program pemerintah yang didukung menimbulkan resistensi serta pertentangan yang cenderung keluar dari tujuan awal program pemerintah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-eksploratif dengan kajian litelatur berbasis pendekatan fenomenologi sebagai ekplorasi pemikiran Kalr Marx atas teori alienasi sosialnya yaitu keterasingan buruh dan pertentangan kelas dengan permasalahan eksploitasi ketenagakerjaan dalam perusahaan pemagangan di Indonesia, analisis data mengunakkan tools penelitian kualitatif Nvivo 12 Pro. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemikiran Karl Marx mengenai Alienasi Sosial/pertentangan kelas masih relevan dan dapat mengupas ancaman perselingkuhan penguasa dan pengusaha yang terjadi khususnya mengenai ketenagakerjaan. Eksploitasi terhadap tenaga kerja kian terjadi sampai saat ini, dengan banyak mengabaikan hak-hak pekerja, di samping tajamnya pertentangan antara pekerja dengan perusahaan yang didukung dengan regulasi pemerintah yang otomatis membuat sistem ketenagakerjaan nasional kian buruk.
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Yasin, Andi Ayudhia Tenri Batari, and Firdaus W. Suhaeb. "INFRASTRUKTUR EKONOMI SEBAGAI FAKTOR KUNCI PERUBAHAN SOSIAL : PENDEKATAN KARL MARX." Phinisi Integration Review 6, no. 3 (2023): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/pir.v6i3.51131.
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Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kulitatif dan berdasarkan teori Karl Marx, penelitian ini berfokus pada fungsi utama infrastruktur ekonomi dalam mendorong perubahan sosial. Infrastruktur ekonomi yang meliputi sarana telekomunikasi, ketenagalistrikan, dan transportasi berdampak besar pada dinamika sosial dan struktur masyarakat. Studi ini menunjukkan bagaimana infrastruktur ekonomi berperan sebagai alat kunci dalam membentuk hubungan produksi, distribusi kekayaan, dan kelas sosial dalam masyarakat melalui analisis teori Marx. Untuk memahami pandangan Marx tentang infrastruktur ekonomi, sebuah studi kualitatif dari tulisan utamanya, termasuk "Capital" dan "The Communist Manifesto," digunakan sebagai teknik penelitian. Menurut sudut pandang ini, infrastruktur ekonomi berfungsi sebagai penopang struktural dari struktur sosial yang lebih besar seperti institusi politik, hukum, dan budaya. Dinamika kekuasaan, ketimpangan sosial, dan konflik kelas dipengaruhi oleh infrastruktur ekonomi yang berada di bawah kendali kelas kapitalis (kapitalis). Memahami dinamika ekonomi dan sosial dalam masyarakat modern, di mana konflik kelas dan ketidakadilan sosial terus menjadi masalah utama, juga dipengaruhi oleh konsekuensi penelitian ini.This research uses a qualitative methodology and based on the theory of Karl Marx, this research focuses on the main function of economic infrastructure in driving social change. Economic infrastructure which includes telecommunications, electricity and transportation facilities has a major impact on the social dynamics and structure of society. This study shows how economic infrastructure plays a role as a key tool in shaping relations of production, wealth distribution, and social class in society through an analysis of Marx's theory. To understand Marx's views on economic infrastructure, a qualitative study of his major writings, including "Capital" and "The Communist Manifesto," was used as a research technique. According to this viewpoint, economic infrastructure serves as the structural underpinning of larger social structures such as political, legal and cultural institutions. The dynamics of power, social inequality, and class conflict are influenced by the economic infrastructure that is under the control of the capitalist class (capitalist). Understanding economic and social dynamics in modern society, where class conflict and social injustice continue to be major problems, is also influenced by the ramifications of this research.
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Anggraeni, Rahma Dewi, Rizqa Rahmaddina, and Rohmadatul Aisyah. "KEGAGALAN SISTEM EKONOMI SOSIALIS." EQUILIBRIUM : Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Pembelajarannya 10, no. 2 (2022): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/equilibrium.v10i2.11632.
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<p class="StyleAuthorBold"><em>Studi ini akan berfokus pada pembahasan mengenai kegagalan sistem ekonomi sosialis metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian kualitataif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Sistem Ekonomi Sosialis yang tercipta karena adanya pemikiran dari beberapa tokoh yang tidak terima mengenai adanya dampak dari ekonomi kapitalis yang dinilai sangat merugikan rakyat dengan ekonomi menengah kebawah. Munculnya sistem ekonomi sosialis yang dibawa oleh Karl Marx membawa harapan besar bagi rakyat yang terdampak pada zaman itu akibat ekonomi kapitalis. Namun, harapan besar itu dianggap tidak sejalan dengan hasil yang ada. Sistem Ekonomi Sosialis mengalami kegagalan dalam penerapannya. Ditandai dengan runtuhnya Uni Soviet sebagai negara yang memakai sistem ekonomi ini, dengan faktor yang mendasari runtuhnya adalah karena kegagalan ekonomi akibat pengimplementasian sistem ekonomi yang kurang tepat dan maksimal. Dengan runtuhnya Uni Soviet, maka sistem ekonomi ini dianggap pula berakhir dan mengalami kegagalan.</em></p>
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Sari, Yulia, Rina Fitriana, and Helen Susanti. "Wacana Kapitalisme Dalam Penyelenggaraan Halal Expo Japan." IDEA : Jurnal Studi Jepang 1, no. 2 (2019): 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/idea.v1i2.1290.
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Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas mengenai wacana kapitalisme dalam penyelenggaraan Halal Expo Japan, khususnya tahun 2016 dan 2017. Tema ini dipilih karena penulis melihat dalam penyelenggarannya, Halal Expo Japan menjadi media kapitalisme bagi Jepang. Penulis menggunakan konsep kapitalisme Karl Marx untuk menganalisis kapitalisme dalam penyelenggaraan Halal Expo Japan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dan teknik penelitian studi pustaka dengan data yang diperoleh dari laman web Halal Expo Japan yaitu www.halalexpo.jp, pemberitaan dari co-organizer dan media partner resmi Halal Expo Japan, Halal Media Japan Co. Ltd. dari laman web www.halalmedia.jp serta buku-buku teks, artikel dan publikasi elektronik yang ada hubungannya dengan Halal Expo Japan serta teori kapitalisme dan teori kekuasaan. Hasilnya menunjukkan meskipun terdapat banyak konten acara dalam Halal Expo Japan namun bila dicermati secara lebih mendalam dan kritis dapat terlihat baik konten- konten dalam laman web maupun Post Report Show lebih berfokus mengenai pameran, seminar serta fashion show, yang merupakan produk dari kapitalisme. Adanya peluang yang besar dalam industri halal, para kapitalis atau pemegang modal di Jepang memanfaatkannya untuk mengembangkan produk halal sebagai sumber pemasukan bagi Jepang.Kata Kunci: Halal Expo Japan, Industri Halal, Kekuasaan, Kapitalisme, Kapitalis
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Burhanuddin, Chairul Ihsan. "ECONOMICS CAPITALISM, THE BIRTH OF STATE AND ALQURAN RULES." AkMen JURNAL ILMIAH 17, no. 2 (2020): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37476/akmen.v17i2.889.
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Ekonomi kapitalis-sosialis yang telah lama menjadi paradigma dalam kegiatan perekonomian seolah-olah menjadi bumerang dalam paradigma itu sendiri. Melihat kondisi perekonomian yang semakin tidak menentu, membuat orang berfikir untuk mencari solusi atas permasalahan yang terjadi. Mahzab pemikiran Karl Marx dan Adam Smith tidak seindah yang dibayangkan. Konsep monopolistik justru memunculkan isu-isu kesejahteraan manusia dan ketidakseimbangan alam yang tidak lagi dapat bisa di tolerir. Konsep pemikiran ini akhirnya telah sampai pada titik jenuh. Ekonomi Islam atau Ekonomi Syariah sempat menjadi alternatif dalam menanggulangi permasalahan tersebut. Akan tetapi, apakah ekonomi Syariah telah sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ditetapkan oleh Allah SWT dalam Al-Quran? Kembali kepada aturan Syariah, bukan berarti kembali kepada aturan yang ditetapkan oleh Allah SWT. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif, dengan menggunakan metode Library Research. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan perspektif ekonomi dengan cara memberikan penjelasan didasarkan ayat-ayat yang terkandung dalam Al-Quran. Mulai dari solusi dalam permasalahan proses produksi dan konsumsi, perdagangan, konsep keseimbangan, serta pengelolaan utang piutang.
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Suwandi, Kenny Christian, Ekawati Marhaenny Dukut, and Angelika Riyandari. "Oppressions in Popular Culture’s SpongeBob SquarePants Episode of “Drive Thru”." Celt: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching & Literature 21, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24167/celt.v21i1.2074.
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Abstract: This article is a development of the research done for an undergraduate study, which has the objectives to find the oppressions exercised by Mr. Krabs in USA’s “Drive Thru” episode of SpongeBob SquarePants cartoon TV series. Using Karl Marx’s theory in the study, it is revealed that the episode represents the oppressions by the Bourgeoisie capitalist towards the Proletariat. The data were discussed by using descriptive explanation and were analyzed and interpreted with the finding that the Bourgeoisie treated Proletariat rudely when it comes about money. As a development of the study, this article adds into the discussion on the explanation of Mr. Krabs actions based on the concept of Popular Culture’s strategies of making profit at the expense of the Proletariat.Key words: popular culture, cartoon, oppression, Marxism, profit makingAbstrak: Artikel ini merupakan pengembangan dari penelitian yang dilakukan sebagai bagian dari studi S1, yang bertujuan untuk untuk menemukan penindasan yang dilakukan oleh Tuan. Krabs pada episode “Drive Thru” dari serial kartun televisi SpongeBob SquarePants. Menggunakan teori Karl Marx terungkap bahwa episode tersebut merepresentasikan penindasan kaum kapitalis Borjuis terhadap kaum Proletar. Data yang ada dibahas dengan menggunakan penjelasan deskriptif dan dianalisa serta ditafsirkan dengan temuan bahwa kaum borjuis memperlakukan kaum proletar secara kasar dalam hal uang. Sebagai kelanjutan dari studi tersebut, artikel ini menambahkan penjelasan tentang perbuatan yang dilakukan tuan Krabs berdasarkan konsep strategi budaya popular yang mencari keuntungan dengan mengorbankan kaum proletar.Kata kunci: karya sastra popular, kartun, penindasan, Marxism
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Nur Rahmawati, Sarah, Afifatul Munawiroh, and Bagus Prayogi. "Kritik Terhadap Sistem Ekonomi Kapitalis: Studi UU No 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja Perspektif Teori Nilai." rechtenstudent 2, no. 2 (2021): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/rch.v2i2.54.
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Even though the Omnibus Law Bill has been enacted into law, there is still controversy in it. There are still many regulations that overlap and are unclear about the workers (the workers). The job creation law further strengthens the position of employers compared to siding with the workers. The regulation of working hours on workers' salaries increasingly shows the current impartiality of the government. This, of course, becomes an alienation for the workers because in their own country they are forced laborers who are hired for inappropriate pay. Borrowing the thought of Karl Marx said that the existence of a most basic alienation occurs in human work. Work should be a form of identity for humans, but now the opposite is happening due to the capitalist system and the exploitation of the means of work. Ironically this is what happened. This paper is based on library research and field research. This research is a qualitative research using a phenomenology approach. The purpose of this paper is to find out the meaning contained in Law No. 11 of 2020 concerning the regulation of working hours for the proletariat. 11 of 2020, in which there are contradictions that favor investors compared to labor workers. It is hoped that this criticism can be heard by policy makers so that there is a balance between the interests of investors and the interests of workers.
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Jainudin. "Konflik Klas dan Gender dalam Politik Agama." TABYIN: JURNAL PENDIDIKAN ISLAM 1, no. 2 (2020): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52166/tabyin.v1i2.20.
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Agama dipandang sebagai sumber moral, sementara di sisi lain dianggap sebagai sumber konflik. Teori konflik beranggapan bahwa masyarakat adalah suatu keadaan konflik yang berkesinambungan diantara kelompok dan berkecenderungan ke arah perselisihan, ketegangan dan perubahan. Penganut suatu agama adalah manusia bagian dari masyarakat, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat menjadi lahan konflik sebagaimana diisyaratkan oleh teori konflik. Dan agama memiliki potensi yang dapat melahirkan berbagai konflik (intoleransi), baik antar agama maupun intra suatu agama. Namun masih ada masyarakat yang memandang agama sebagai suatu yang positif yang didasarkan pada pandangan kaum fungsional (fungsionalisme).
 Disisi lain agama dipandang sebagai sesuatu yang mengakibatkan adanya disfungsi dan terwujudnya disintegrasi sosial. Disisi lain disamping agama sebagai sumber konflik masih ada lagi sumber konflik yang lain yaitu peran jender dalam masyarakat, yang merupakan kultur yang menentukan harapan-harapan pada laki-laki dan perempuan dalam berinteraksi antara satu dengan yang lain dalam masyarakat. Korelasi antara perbedaan jender dan status sosial. Semakin besar perbedaan semakin timpang pula status sosial, dan semakin kecil pula perbedaan status sosial itu. Karl Marx memahami seluruh kehidupan sosio budaya ditentukan oleh pertentangan antara dua kelas sosial yang terlibat dalam proses produksi yaitu kaum industriawan yang mengontrol alat produksi dan kaum proletar sebagai pekerja. Feminisme memandang secara khusus kedudukan perempuan ditengah-tengah masyarakat. Secara umum dapat dikategorikan menjadi tiga yaitu: 1. Feminis liberal kelompok ini berpendapat bahwa laki-laki maupun perempuan diciptakan seimbang tidak terjadi penindasan antara satu dengan lain. 2. Feminis Marxis-Sosialis; aliran ini berupaya menghilangkan struktur kelas dalam masyarakat berdasarkan jenis kelamin. Dengan melontarkan isu bahwa ketimpangan peran antara kedua jenis kelamin itu sesungguhnnya lebih disebabkab oleh faktor alam. 3. Feminis radikal dalam kelompok ini perempuan tidak harus bergantung pada laki-laki, bukan saja dalam hal kebendaan tetapi juga dalam hal pemenuhan kebutuhan sek. Perempuan bisa mendapatkan kepuasan sek dengan sesama perempuan.
 Gender dalam perspektif teori konflik bahwa perempuan sebagai kelompok penyumbang yang paling banyak dalam menyediakan tenaga murah dalam produksi yang sangat menguntungkan bagi kapitalis. Konstruksi jender sudah mengakar pada masyarakat sebagai inspirator munculnya persepsi masyarakat sistem patriarkhi sebagai bias jender. Agama dilihat dari sudut pandang konflik membuka celah lebar untuk menjadikan sebab munculnya ketegangan sosial dalam masyarakat. Namun di sisi lain bahwa konflik yang bersifat fungsional atau konsensus baru yang bermuara pada perbaikan.
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"Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels." Royal Institute of Philosophy Lecture Series 20 (March 1986): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246100004082.
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Karl Marx (1818–1883) was born in Trèves in the Rhineland. He studied law in Bonn, philosophy and history in Berlin, and received a doctorate from the University of Jena for a thesis on Epicurus (341–270 BC). (Epicurus' philosophy was a reaction against the ‘other-worldliness’ of Plato's theory of Forms. Whereas for Plato knowledge was of intelligible Forms, and the criterion of the truth of a hypothesis about the definition of a Form was that it should survive a Socratic testing by question and answer, for Epicurus the criterion of truth was sensation, and employment of this criterion favoured the theory with which Plato explicitly contrasted the theory of Forms (Sophist 246a–d), namely, the materialism of the atomists, Leucippus and Democritus.) Marx was editor of the Rheinische Zeitung of Cologne, 1842–1843. The paper was suppressed and he moved to Paris, becoming co-editor of the Deutsch-französische Jahrbücher, the one and only issue of which contained two articles by Marx and two by his friend, Friedrich Engels (1829–1895). Together they wrote The German Ideology (1846) and their most influential work, The Communist Manifesto (1848). Marx had been expelled from France in 1845, and went to Brussels, from where he was expelled during the 1848 revolutions. He went to Cologne to start, with Engels and others, a paper with a revolutionary editorial policy, the Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Expelled once again, Marx finally settled in London, working in the British Museum on his great historical analysis of capitalism, Das Kapital. The first volume was published in 1867, the remaining two volumes, completed by Engels after Marx's death, in 1885 and 1895.
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Larsen, Øjvind. "From Piketty’s Capital to Marx’s das Kapital." Nordicum-Mediterraneum 11, no. 3 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.33112/nm.11.3.9.
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Thomas Piketty’s book Capital in the Twenty-First Century has created a very new platform for a discussion of the global economy. There is possibly no other book on economy which has been published in so many languages, printed in so many copies, and has found its way to such a varied global public. Piketty’s Capital has been discussed in many high ranked academic journals, and at the same time, it has come out to a broader audience with advertisements in places like the underground public transportation in metropolises around the world. The title of the book is also very ambitious in so far as the title Capital claims to be a follow up of Karl Marx’s Das Kapital for the twenty-first century. Piketty is similar to Marx in his ambition to give a large historical, or a world historical perspective on the significance of capitalist economy for the development of global society. Given this background it could be interesting to consider the relations between Piketty’s Capital and Marx’s Das Kapital.
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Monzelli, Arthur Guilherme. "O problema da alienação do trabalho em Marx e a necessidade de sua suprassunção." Sociologias Plurais 8, no. 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/sclplr.v8i2.87020.
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Este artigo analisa o problema da alienação do trabalho em Karl Marx e como essa discussão se desenvolve nos Ökonomisch-philosophische Manuskripte [Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos], rascunho monográfico escrito por esse autor durante seu exílio em Paris no ano de 1844. Além disso, o problema da alienação do trabalho foi examinado em virtude das contribuições teóricas de István Mészáros, para quem a chave de interpretação da alienação do trabalho marxiana é justamente a necessidade de sua suprassunção [Aufhebung] por meio do comunismo. Finalmente, a fim de entender como o comunismo foi interpretado por Marx e Engels como alternativa de suprassunção da alienação do trabalho, realiza-se o estudo de Die heilige Familie [A sagrada família] (1845), de Die deutsche Ideologie [A ideologia alemã] (1846) e de Das kapital [O capital] (1867).
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Hayner, Jakob. "Der revolutionäre Flügel der kritischen Theorie." Zeitschrift für kritische Theorie (ZkT), no. 48/49 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.28937/9783866748491_12.
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Pointiert spricht Jakob Hayner in seinem Nachruf auf den im Dezember letzten Jahres verstorbenen Wolfgang Pohrt vom »revolutionären Flügel der kritischen Theorie«. Pohrt hatte die kritische Theorie politisch verstanden und sie insofern als radikalen Einspruch gegen gesellschaftliche – und vor allem: deutsche – Zustände reformuliert; von den akademischen Debatten weitgehend ignoriert, hatte er sich in der sogenannten radikalen Linken einen Namen gemacht und schon früh Antisemitismus und Nationalismus dort aufgespürt, wo sie unter den Zeitgenossen kaum jemand vermutet hatte. 150 Jahre Das Kapital und der 200. Geburtstag waren die Anlässe für zahlreiche Neuerscheinungen über Karl Marx, sein Leben, Werk, seine Bedeutung und Aktualität.
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Wessels, Johannes. "The Spirit of generosity: A new economic dispensation in the wake of Pentecost?" STJ | Stellenbosch Theological Journal 3, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.17570/stj.2017.v3n1.a22.
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The nature of the economic formation in the Early Church has been widely debated through the centuries. In his work, Das Kapital, Karl Marx quotes Acts 2:44–45, and even supplies these verses as his reason for hating God. As in the case of Marx and his compatriots, several current biblical scholars (especially those from poor communities) are still disillusioned by their view that the initial drive towards sharing money and property have soon been watered down by the Early Church.This article’s main focus is on the way in which reciprocity sheds new light on the economics of the Early Church. It concludes that economics in the Apostolic Era and the Early Church introduced a clear departure from the monetary policies exercised in the First Century Temple in Jerusalem, and in the Synagogues. Not only the main ‘economic’ events in Acts, but also the subsequent results in developing congregations, then and now, are discussed.
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Ashari, Muhammad. "Komposisi Organik Kapital Industri Media di Era Konvergensi, Studi Kasus Konvergensi Pikiran Rakyat." Mediator: Jurnal Komunikasi 13, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mediator.v13i1.5126.
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This article examines the convergence strategy in Pikiran Rakyat media. The convergence strategy is analysed using the Organic Composition of Capital Theory from Karl Marx (1887). The theory describes the interaction between technological improvement (constant-capital) and labour mobilisation (variable-capital) in the production process, which its primary goal is to generate profits for the capitalist. This article highlights technological change, driven by the tendency of capitalism to maximise profit and its consequences for the journalists. The used method for analysis is case study. Data for analysis are collected from documents, interviews, and participant observations. The result indicates that the improvement of Pikiran Rakyat constant-capital, concerning its convergence strategy, is done by integrating the content of all its subsidiaries through newsroom and e-mail, which have the purpose of disseminating news content to various platforms. There is an increase in the number of contents from these efforts. However, it also has a consequence for journalists and editors who are forced to produce news for various platforms.
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"Kazimir Malevich: Economy as the Fifth Dimension." Philosophical Literary Journal Logos 29, no. 6 (2019): 215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/0869-5377-2019-6-215-226.
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This paper deals with the impact that Karl Marx"s Das Kapital (and especially its fourth volume, the theory of Surplus Value) had on the category of economy in Kazimir Malevich"s output. In a series of texts, Malevich proclaims economy the new criterion of art and the Black Square its embodiment in contemporary painting. While the author was analyzing Marx"s views on labor and human nature, echoes of them turned up in Malevich"s manifestos and philosophical essays where the artist pondered the idea of the liberation of creative exaltation. The article others an interpretation of the creative process itself from the standpoint of economy, which for Malevich provided an opportunity to lay down the foundation for a new kind of art that was consistent with the prevailing ideology. The author points out that while Malevich was in Vitebsk he studied Marx"s works with idea of incorporating economic studies into art: his speculations on the relationships between the ideological superstructure and the practical, economic base were written in the manner of Marxist philosophy and provided the basis for his main essays, The World as Non-Objectivity (1923) and Suprematism: Thee World as Non-Objectivity or Eternal Rest (1923-1924). They defined the new art as an independent ideological superstructure positioned “outside of other contents and ideologies.” Parallel to that, the author examines the correspondence between Malevich"s theory of the surplus element and Marxist doctrines on surplus value. It is also shown that Malevich hoped to prove that, as in dialectical materialism, his new surplus element opens the way to a new artistic structure that is emerging from the womb of the old system in the same way that communism comes about as a kind of heterogeneous body from within the underpinnings of bourgeois society.
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De Vega, Jose Mario. "From Selfhood to Social Solidarity; From a Mind towards the Collective Thinking and Working Bodies: A Marxist Approach." Scientia - The International Journal on the Liberal Arts 11, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.57106/scientia.v11i1.12.
Full textAbstract:
What our minds and conceive, our bodies can achieve. I will argue that “the mind is not then an autonomous substance, capable of forming its own states without recourse to what lies beyond it: it states arrive by courtesy of a specific external environment.” It means that, our minds appropriates the contents of the material world and this act in turn forms the other contents of our minds and its various categories. Hence, it is not a “surprising thesis that the very constitution of mind is logically bound up with environment. The geography of the mind depends upon actual geography. Undeniably the content of our minds is influenced by society and the world in general, for the former arises because of the existence of the latter.
 This conscious mind, Selfhood must lead to a collective thinking or collective minds that is utterly necessary for the development of the body and this development from further extend to the development of the body politic (Social Solidarity).
 
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Lietz, Barbara. "Der erste Band des „Kapitals“ von Karl Marx." Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie 37, no. 8 (1989). http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/dzph.1989.37.8.785.
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Stock, Manfred. "Professionen in reproduktionstheoretischer Perspektive: Professionssoziologische Analysen bei Karl Marx / Professions and Marx’ Theory of Reproduction." Zeitschrift für Soziologie 32, no. 3 (2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfsoz-2003-0301.
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ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag geht professionssoziologischen Untersuchungen im Werk von Karl Marx nach und rekonstruiert sie in der Perspektive seiner Reproduktionstheorie. Dazu wird systematisch in die Unterscheidungen eingeführt, die Marx auf den verschiedenen Abstraktionslagen seiner Reproduktionstheorie zugrundelegt. Vor diesem Hintergrund erweist sich mit Blick auf professionelle Rollen die Frage als entscheidend, ob sie von Marx der Reproduktionslogik des Kapitals subsumiert werden oder nicht. Seine Analysen zur Rolle des Ingenieurs, zu professionellen Rollen mit Klientenbezug, die eine „persönliche Dienstleistung“ erbringen, sowie seine Konzeption einer Professionalisierung der Arbeit als Aufhebung ihrer „unmittelbaren Form“ werden unter dem Gesichtspunkt dieser Frage rekonstruiert. Marx geht davon aus, dass Professionen der „persönlichen Dienstleistung“ nicht den Reproduktionszusammenhängen des Kapitals unterworfen sind und gelangt dabei zu Ergebnissen, die bislang in der Rezeption seines Werkes unberücksichtigt geblieben sind.
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Desriadi, Desriadi. "PEMERINTAHAN DAN BIROKRASI." JURNAL TRIAS POLITIKA 1, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.33373/jtp.v1i1.717.
Full textAbstract:
Karl Marx states that bureaucracy is a parasitic and exploitative organization. Bureaucracy is an instrument for the powerful class to exploit other social groups of people (in their authority). Bureaucracy functions to maintain the privilege and status quo of the capitalist class. On the other hand, Hegel states that bureaucracy is a system created by the have class to deceive the lower classes to maintain and increase their own welfare. In this case bureaucracy becomes the scapegoat for all mistakes of the ruler toward the people. The whole mistakes of the ruler will finally come back to the bureaucracy which is only an instrument.Hegel explains that bureaucracy is an institution which occupies a neutral organic position in a social structure and it functions as a link in a country in manifesting the general needs civil society which represents special needs. Hegel sees that bureaucracy is bridge created to link different kinds of needs of people and state. Therefore the role of bureaucracy is very significant in unifying the perceptions and perspectives among countries and people in order to avoid a chaos happen. Keywords: governance, bureaucracy KARL MARX mengatakan Birokrasi adalah Organisasi yang bersifat Parasitik dan Eksploitatif. Birokrasi merupakan Instrumen bagi kelas yang berkuasa untuk mengekploitasi kelas sosial yang lain (yang dikuasai). Birokrasi berfungsi untuk mempertahankan privilage dan status quo bagi kepentingan kelas kapitalis. Dalam pandangan Marx yang berbeda dengan Hegel, birokrasi merupakan sistem yang diciptakan oleh kalangan atas (the have) untuk memperdayai kalangan bawah (the have not) demi mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan mereka sendiri. Dalam hal ini birokrasi menjadi kambing hitam bagi kesalahan penguasa terhadap rakyatnya. Segenap kesalahan penguasa akhirnya tertumpu pada birokrasi yang sebenarnya hanya menjadi alat saja.HEGEL mengatakan Birokrasi adalah institusi yang menduduki posisi organik yang netral di dalam struktur sosial dan berfungsi sebagai penghubung antara negara yang memanifestasikan kepentingan umum, dan masyarakat sipil yang mewakili kepentingan khusus dalam masyarakat. Hegel melihat, bahwa birokrasi merupakan jembatan yang dibuat untuk menghubungkan antara kepentingan masyarakat dan kepentingan negara yang dalam saat-saat tertentu berbeda. Oleh sebab itu peran birokrasi menjadi sangat strategis dalam rangka menyatukan persepsi dan perspektif antara negara (pemerintah) dan masyarakat sehingga tidak terjadi kekacauan. Kata Kunci: pemerintahan dan birokrasi