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Journal articles on the topic 'Kariba'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Nurafifah, Siti, Boedi Setya Rahardja, and Abdul Manan. "Effect of Combination Kiambang (Salvinia molesta) and Zeolite on Consentration of Heavy Metal Cadmium (Cd)." Journal of Marine and Coastal Science 7, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jmcs.v7i2.20714.

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Water is the most important requirement for all organisms, either to humans, plants, animals, and microorganisms. It was caused water function in the growth and survival organisms. Aquaculture is an activity to maintain, raise, and/or breeding fish and harvest their products in a controlled environment. Cultivation was done in a sustainable manner for the benefit.Pollution in water can be caused death of fish is heavy metal cadmium (Cd) pollution. Processing of heavy metal contaminated water is the most simple and low cost is a biological treatment with kariba weed (Salvinia molesta). But the effect of kariba weed to the decline of heavy metal cadmium is not significantly reduced, so that needs to be combined with the zeolite so that the heavy metal cadmium decline more significantly. This reseacrh to determine the effect of the combination kariba weed (Salvinia molesta) and zeolite to the decline of the heavy metal cadmium (Cd). This reseacrh uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments performed five repetitions, treatment A using 0 g kariba weed and 150 g of zeolite, Treatment B using 50 g kariba weed and 100 g of zeolite, Treatment C using 100 g kariba weed and 50 g of zeolite and treatment D using 150 g kariba weed and 0 g zeolite. The result on this research analize by ANOVA statistical test (Analisis of Variance) to know there was the different between treatments, afterwards, continued by space doubled test Duncan. The result showed combination kariba weed (Salvinia molesta) and zeolite significant effect on decreasing the concentration of heavy metal cadmium (Cd) (F count > F Tabel 0.05). It is evident in this research, and only had one week treated water cadmium (Cd) of 1 ppm concentrations is fall. The averages treatment on decreasing concentration heavy metal cadmium (Cd) was treatment A 98,7%, tretment B 97,1%, treatment C 97,2 % and treatment D 95,8%.

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2

Hamandishe, Vimbai R., Petronella T. Saidi, Venancio E. Imbayarwo-Chikosi, and Tamuka Nhiwatiwa. "A Comparative Evaluation of Carcass Quality, Nutritional Value, and Consumer Preference of Oreochromis niloticus from Two Impoundments with Different Pollution Levels in Zimbabwe." International Journal of Food Science 2018 (August 8, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7862971.

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The objective of the study was to determine the quality and consumer preferences of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from two water bodies with different pollution levels and trophic states. Water quality assessment of the two impoundments was carried out. Fish were sampled from hypereutrophic Lake Chivero and oligomesotrophic Lake Kariba for proximate analysis, carcass quality, and sensory evaluation. Conductivity, dissolved oxygen, transparency, ammonia, total phosphates, reactive phosphates, and chlorophyll a were significantly different (P<0.05). Fish from Lake Kariba had significantly higher condition factors and lower fillet yields, while fish of length 10-20 cm, from Lake Chivero had significantly more fat. Lake Chivero fish were darker, greener, and less red while Lake Kariba fish were lighter, less green, and less red. Raw fish from Lake Kariba were significantly firmer, were less green and redder, had a stronger typical fish odour, and were more acceptable than Lake Chivero fish. Lake Chivero fish had a stronger foreign fish odour than their counterparts. No statistical differences were observed on fillet cooking losses, cooked fish sensory parameters, and acceptability. The fish could, however, not be safe due to possibility of toxins in water and feed (algae) which may bioaccumulate and ultimately affect other attributes of fish quality.

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3

Mashayamombe, Norlington, and Costa Hofisi. "Community participation and malaria prevention programs." Environmental Economics 7, no. 4 (December 21, 2016): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.07(4-1).2016.06.

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Malaria prevention and control programs in Zimbabwe have been hampered by low levels of cooperation by local communities. The study sought to assess the impact of community participation on cooperation in malaria prevention and control programs in Binga, Gokwe and Kariba districts in Zimbabwe. This study is aimed at synthesizing, comparing and contrasting data from these three districts which are, arguably, the most prone to malaria in the country. An intensive and extensive review of related literature was done on the impact of community participation on cooperation in malaria prevention and control. The literature reviewed was focusing on three districts in the country, namely, Binga, Gokwe and Kariba. Typologies of participation were used for the measurement of levels of participation, while analysis was descriptive. Findings revealed that the levels of participation in malaria prevention and control programs in Binga and Gokwe were low, but high in Kariba. The findings from Kariba showed that where the level of community participation was high, cooperation in malaria prevention programs by communities was also high. This study demonstrates the importance of community participation for the success of the malaria prevention and control programs. Although community participation was also very low in Binga and Gokwe malaria prevention and control programs, in Kariba, the program by Save the Children Fund (UK) showed high levels of participation which might have contributed to the high levels of cooperation by community members. Another important issue to emerge from the study is the effectiveness of environmental management methods of vector control, because they are community-based, hence, the success of the Save the Children Fund (UK) program in Binga and Kariba districts. The study revealed that community participation at higher levels on the participation typologies contributes in a significant way to cooperative behavior by community members in malaria prevention and control programs. This is significant, since it improves the effectiveness of malaria control programs. Recommendations made include increased community participation in malaria prevention and control programs to enhance cooperation and educational programs on causes, prevention and treatment of malaria. Keywords: community participation, malaria prevention, malaria control, cooperation. JEL Classification: I12, I18, I14

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4

Magadza, Christopher H. D. "Kariba Reservoir: Experience and lessons learned." Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management 11, no. 4 (December 2006): 271–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1770.2006.00308.x.

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5

Magadza, C. H. D., and E. J. Dhlomo. "Wet season incidence of coliform bacteria in Lake Kariba inshore waters in the Kariba town area." Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management 2, no. 1-2 (March 1996): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1770.1996.tb00051.x.

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6

Mabika, Nyasha, and Maxwell Barson. "A Survey of Gill Histopathology of Thirteen Common Fish Species in the Sanyati Basin, Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe/ Badania Histopatologiczne Skrzeli Trzynastu Pospolitych Gatunków Ryb W Zlewni Sanyati, Jezioro Kariba, Zimbabwe." Zoologica Poloniae 59, no. 1-4 (December 1, 2014): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/zoop-2014-0002.

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Abstract Following a study of gill pathology in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe, a similar survey was carried out in thirteen other common fishes of Lake Kariba. Gill tissues were dissected from the fish, preserved and prepared for histology. The prepared tissue sections were observed under a light microscope. Six histopathological lesions were observed, namely epithelial lifting, hyperplasia, lamellae fusion, parasitic cysts, oedema, and aneurysm. Epithelial lifting was prevalent in all fish species whilst aneurysm was only observed in two fish species. Synodontis zambezensis had the highest prevalence of gill lesions whilst Marcusenius microlepidotus, Brycinus imberi and Micralestes acutidens had the least prevalence of lesions. Most of these histopathological lesions were mild to moderate, and this is suggestive of good health of the fish species investigated. Seventy seven percent of the fish species were infected with monogenean ectoparasites. More research on fish health in Lake Kariba is recommended and future studies should aim to quantify these histological changes in relation to environmental conditions of the lake. This will enable histopathology to be used as a biomarker or predictor of water quality.

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7

Moyo, S. M. "Cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 24, no. 2 (March 1991): 1123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1989.11898927.

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8

Tumbare, Michael James. "Managing Lake Kariba sustainably: threats and challenges." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 19, no. 6 (September 26, 2008): 731–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14777830810904948.

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9

Berg, H�kan, Martina Kiibus, and Nils Kautsky. "Heavy metals in tropical Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 83, no. 3-4 (August 1995): 237–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00477355.

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10

St-Hilaire, Aonghas. "Language Planning and Development in the Caribbean." Language Problems and Language Planning 23, no. 3 (December 31, 1999): 211–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.23.3.02sth.

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RESUMEN Planification y desarrollo lingüísticos en el Caribe: El Suriname multi-étnico Después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, Suriname, como muchos otros territorios del Caribe, experimenté un movimiento nacionalista y cultural creciente cuyos partidarios abogaban por un mayor papel para el sranan, la lengua franca criolla surinamense, en la vida nacional. Sin embargo, los prejuicios históricos desfavorables y la estigmatización del sranan dificul-taron los esfuerzos de promover y eleva r el idioma. Al contrario del mayor parte del Caribe, Suriname es una nación étnicamente muy diversa. La asociación del sranan como la propiedad de los criollos, una minoría dentro del país, limitaron los éxitos del nacionalismo cultural en la promoción del idioma. También en contraste con el resto del Caribe, el sranan goza de un reconocimiento bastante difundido como una lengua autonoma del neer-landés, el idioma oficial. Este hecho ha facilitado la planificacion lingüística en favor del sranan. El nacionalismo cultural tuvo cierto éxito en elevar la position social del sranan dentro de la población general, pero fracasó en movilizar suficiente apoyo oficial sostenido por el idioma en la administration nacional y en las escuelas. Una política oficial de monolingüismo neerlandés siguió rumbo ininterrumpida y inalterada, produciendo una generation multi-étnica de jovenes cuya lengua materna es el neerlandés. El debate sobre la planificación lingüistica se enfoca actualmente en la estan-dardización lingüistica y en la adopción del neerlandés-surinamense, la variante neerlandesa local fuertemente influída por el sranan, como el idioma oficial de Suriname. RESUMO Lingvoplanado kaj evoluigo en Karibo: Multietna Surinamo Post la Dua Mondmilito, en Surinamo, same kiel en aliaj teritorioj en la kariba regiono, ekkreskis kulturnaciista movado, kies apogantoj pledis por pli granda rolo por Sranano, la surinama kreola interlingvo, en la nacia vivo. Tamen, la delonge ekzistantaj antaŭjuĝoj kaj anatemigo de Sranano malhel-pas klopodojn antaŭenigi la lingvon kaj plialtigi gian prestigon. Malkiel la plejparto de aliaj karibaj teritorioj, Surinamo rolas kiel hejmo al diversaj etnoj. La identigo de Sranano kiel kultura posedajo de la kreoloj limigis la sukceson de la kreola kultura naciismo en la antaŭenigo de la lingvo. Ankaŭ malkiel la plejparto de la kariba regiono, Sranano estas vaste konata en Surinamo kiel sendependa de la officiala lingvo, la nederlanda. Tiu fakto, tamen, faciligis lingvoplanadon favoran al Sranano. Kultura naciismo ja sukcesis levi la statuson de Sranano antaŭ la generala publiko, sed malsuk-cesis rikolti sufican officialan subtenon al la lingvo fare de la nacia registaro aŭ en la lernejoj. Officiala nur-nederlandlingva politiko daüras senŝanĝe, produktante generacion de denaskaj parolantoj de la nederlanda. La lingvo-plana debato nun centrigas je normigi kaj akcepti la surinam-nederlandan, t.e. la lokan nederlandan lingvovarianton forte influatan de Sranano, kiel la officialan lingvon de Surinamo.

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11

Stam, Antonie, Kazimierz A. Salewicz, and Jay E. Aronson. "An interactive reservoir management system for Lake Kariba." European Journal of Operational Research 107, no. 1 (May 1998): 119–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(96)00365-7.

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12

Ramberg, Lars. "Phytoplankton succession in the Sanyati basin, Lake Kariba." Hydrobiologia 153, no. 3 (October 1987): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00007206.

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13

Sanyanga, Rudo A. "Management of the Lake Kariba Inshore Fishery and Some Thoughts on Biodiversity and Conservation Issues, Zimbabwe." Environmental Conservation 22, no. 2 (1995): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900010158.

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This paper deals with conservation issues and threats faced by the inshore fishery of Lake Kariba, where human actions such as poaching and introduction of alien species are threatening the indigenous species. Lake Kariba is a Man-made Lake that was created in 1956–58 and has undergone a number of changes from a eutrophic stage in its early years to the present oligotrophic state. Tied up with this were changes in hydrology, the initial filling phase being marked with high fish-yields, then the booming of the pestiferous Salvinia molesta, until 1971 marked the end of evolutionary changes and the beginning of the decline in nutrient status of the Lake.One of the two fisheries of Lake Kariba is described: the inshore fishery, which is the richer and more interesting in terms of diversity and conservation. This fishery is exploited by artisanal fishermen who use ‘primitive’ means. The fish species involved are vulnerable, as they take a long time to grow and have generally a low fecundity as compared with the ‘sardines’. The famous sport-fish Hydrocynus vittatus (Tigerfish) is, in particular, threatened by human activities.Fishery regulations and management laws are implemented by LKFRI — a Zimbabwe Government institute under the Department of National Parks & Wildlife Management. Whereas the regulations appear sound and reasonable, economic hardships and human population growth in the hinterland have caused changes in the attitudes of people. Fishing is an easy source of revenue, but policing it has become costly and difficult.

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14

Mashingaidze, Terence M. "Beyond the Kariba Dam Induced Displacements: The Zimbabwean Tonga’s Struggles for Restitution, 1990s–2000s." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 20, no. 3 (2013): 381–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02003003.

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The colonial Southern Rhodesian government displaced the minority Tonga people from the ecologically rich Zambezi River plains due to the construction of the World Bank funded hydroelectric power generating Kariba Dam in the late 1950s. The dislocated communities were resettled in the adjoining uplands of Binga District where they did not access the electricity and waters of the Kariba Dam as well as the wild animal resources in the safaris and national game parks abutting their new villages. This state regulated decoupling from the local natural resource asset base generated a politicised sense of entitlement to those resources spearheaded by a generational cohort of educated Tonga activists that emerged in the 1990s. Besides everyday realities of socio-economic marginalisation, these activists also drew inspiration from the prevailing global discourses of indigeneity and anti-dam politics to form organisations such as Binga Development Association, Binga Catholic Commission for Peace and Justice, and Basilwizi Trust that coordinated local assertions for increased access to resources in the uplands and around the Kariba waterscape. Through these emerging networks of solidarity, I argue, the Tonga activists constructed and deployed persuasive claims for the exigency of rehabilitating their embattled people’s deprived post-relocation livelihoods. These Tonga articulations and actions reveal how marginalised ethno-class categories within countries align their claims for increased access to local resources and general socio-economic empowerment to national and international activism and discourses.

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15

Muchuru, S., C. M. Botai, J. O. Botai, and A. M. Adeola. "The Hydrometeorology of the Kariba Catchment Area Based on the Probability Distributions." Earth Interactions 19, no. 4 (March 1, 2015): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/ei-d-14-0019.1.

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Abstract In this paper, monthly, maximum seasonal, and maximum annual hydrometeorological (i.e., evaporation, lake water levels, and rainfall) data series from the Kariba catchment area of the Zambezi River basin, Zimbabwe, have been analyzed in order to determine appropriate probability distribution models of the underlying climatology from which the data were generated. In total, 16 probability distributions were considered and the Kolmogorov–Sminorv (KS), Anderson–Darling (AD), and chi-square (χ2) goodness-of-fit (GoF) tests were used to evaluate the best-fit probability distribution model for each hydrometeorological data series. A ranking metric that uses the test statistic from the three GoF tests was formulated and used to select the most appropriate probability distribution model capable of reproducing the statistics of the hydrometeorological data series. Results showed that, for each hydrometeorological data series, the best-fit probability distribution models were different for the different time scales, corroborating those reported in the literature. The evaporation data series was best fit by the Pearson system, the Lake Kariba water levels series was best fit by the Weibull family of probability distributions, and the rainfall series was best fit by the Weibull and the generalized Pareto probability distributions. This contribution has potential applications in such areas as simulation of precipitation concentration and distribution and water resources management, particularly in the Kariba catchment area and the larger Zambezi River basin, which is characterized by (i) nonuniform distribution of a network of hydrometeorological stations, (ii) significant data gaps in the existing observations, and (iii) apparent inherent impacts caused by climatic extreme events and their corresponding variability.

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16

Muchuru, S., WA Landman, D. DeWitt, and D. Lötter. "Seasonal rainfall predictability over the Lake Kariba catchment area." Water SA 40, no. 3 (July 29, 2014): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v40i3.9.

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17

Bollaert, E. F. R., M. C. Munodawafa, and D. Z. Mazvidza. "Kariba Dam Plunge Pool Scour: quasi-3D Numerical Predictions." La Houille Blanche, no. 1 (February 2013): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2013007.

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18

Regina, Ndebele-Murisa M., Musil C. Frank, and Raitt L. Miles. "Phytoplankton biomass and primary production dynamics in Lake Kariba." Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management 17, no. 4 (December 2012): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lre.12005.

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19

GREEN, J. "Horizontal variations in associations of zooplankton in Lake Kariba." Journal of Zoology 206, no. 2 (August 20, 2009): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1985.tb05647.x.

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20

Marshall, B. E. "CATCH AND EFFORT IN THE LAKE KARIBA SARDINE FISHERY." Journal of the Limnological Society of Southern Africa 13, no. 1 (January 1987): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03779688.1987.9634539.

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21

Insua, David Rios, and Kazimierz A. Salewicz. "The operation of Lake Kariba: A multiobjective decision analysis." Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis 4, no. 4 (December 1995): 203–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mcda.4020040402.

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22

Berg, Håkan, Petra Michélsen, Max Troell, Carl Folke, and Nils Kautsky. "Managing aquaculture for sustainability in tropical Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." Ecological Economics 18, no. 2 (August 1996): 141–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-8009(96)00018-3.

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23

MOYO, NGONIDZASHE A. G. "The inshore fish yield potential of Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." African Journal of Ecology 28, no. 3 (September 1990): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.1990.tb01155.x.

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24

Noret, Christine, Jean-Christophe Girard, M. C. Munodawafa, and D. Z. Mazvidza. "Kariba dam on Zambezi river: stabilizing the natural plunge pool." La Houille Blanche, no. 1 (February 2013): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2013006.

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25

Moyo, Ngonidzashe A. G. "The feeding habits of Sargochromis Codringtonii in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." Hydrobiologia 522, no. 1-3 (July 2004): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:hydr.0000029966.30531.15.

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26

du Toit, R. F. "UNEXPECTED GROWTH OF PISTIA STRATIOTES IN SANYATI GORGE, LAKE KARIBA." Journal of the Limnological Society of Southern Africa 11, no. 2 (January 1985): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03779688.1985.9632828.

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Marshall, B. E. "ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TIGERFISH AND SARDINES IN LAKE KARIBA." Journal of the Limnological Society of Southern Africa 13, no. 2 (January 1987): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03779688.1987.9633118.

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28

Chifamba, PC, and JJ Videler. "Growth rates of alienOreochromis niloticusand indigenousOreochromis mortimeriin Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." African Journal of Aquatic Science 39, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 167–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2014.903375.

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Mungomba, L. M., S. K. Chandiwana, and H. Madesen. "Schistosomiasis around Siavonga, on the shores of Lake Kariba, Zambia." Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 87, no. 4 (January 1993): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00034983.1993.11812780.

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Dou�llou, L., and K. H. Erlwanger. "Crustacean parasites of fishes in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe, preliminary results." Hydrobiologia 287, no. 3 (July 1994): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00006372.

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Marshall, B. E. "ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TIGERFISH AND SARDINES IN LAKE KARIBA." Southern African Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health 13, no. 2 (January 2001): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16826108.2001.9632402.

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Jorissen, M. W. P., A. Pariselle, T. Huyse, E. J. Vreven, J. Snoeks, F. A. M. Volckaert, A. Chocha Manda, G. Kapepula Kasembele, T. Artois, and M. P. M. Vanhove. "Diversity and host specificity of monogenean gill parasites (Platyhelminthes) of cichlid fishes in the Bangweulu-Mweru ecoregion." Journal of Helminthology 92, no. 4 (August 22, 2017): 417–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x17000712.

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AbstractThis study represents the first exploration of the parasite fauna of cichlid fishes in the Mweru-Luapula subregion (Central Africa). Twelve species of cichlids and 14 species of Monogenea from three genera (Cichlidogyrus, Gyrodactylus and Scutogyrus) were collected. We present a first record of the gill parasite fauna of eight host species, Oreochromis mweruensis, Orthochromis sp. ‘Mambilima’, Sargochromis mellandi, Serranochromis angusticeps, S. stappersi, S. thumbergi and Tylochromis mylodon. The host range of ten parasite species was expanded. The study further includes the description of Cichlidogyrus consobrini sp. n. from S. mellandi and Orthochromis sp. ‘Mambilima’. A new morphotype of C. halli is characterized, and three species – C. papernastrema, C. quaestio and C. zambezensis – are redescribed. Furthermore, the biodiversity and host specificity of these parasites is compared with that of cichlid parasites from Lake Kariba and Cameroon. Two species, including C. consobrini sp. n. and a new morphotype of C. halli, are putative endemics. The parasite fauna in Bangweulu-Mweru is highly similar in species composition to Lake Kariba, but in Bangweulu-Mweru the same parasite species are more host-specific, probably because of hydrogeographical differences between the two regions.

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Jim, Fanuel, Penina Garamumhango, and Colin Musara. "Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Value ofOreochromis niloticus(Linnaeus), Nile Tilapia, Meat from Three Different Ecosystems." Journal of Food Quality 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6714347.

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Determination of protein, lipid, and mineral content of fish meat is necessary to ensure that it meets requirements for food regulations and commercial specifications. The objective of the present study was to determine the chemical composition ofOreochromis niloticus(L.), Nile tilapia, under three different ecosystems: (1) high pollution and high density ofEichhornia crassipes, that is, water hyacinth (Lake Chivero), (2) medium pollution and medium density of water hyacinth (Lake Manyame), and (3) low pollution and low density of water hyacinth (Lake Kariba). Dry matter, protein, lipids, and ash were evaluated by proximate analysis. Minerals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and pH was determined by a pH meter. Lake Kariba fish had the highest percentage of dry matter, protein, and ash. These qualities were correlated to low levels of pollutants and high oxygen content in the harvest waters. The phosphorus content of fish from Lake Chivero was very high, in tandem with phosphate levels in the harvest waters. In addition, water from Lake Chivero had an alkaline pH, high nitrate, and low oxygen content. The results suggest that effluent from sewage works and fertilizer industries caused pollution and proliferation of water hyacinth, contributing to pervasion of the chemical composition of fish.

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34

Cawthorn, R. Grant. "Changing fish stocks in Lake Kariba: climatic or human-induced impact?" Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 66, no. 3 (November 2011): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0035919x.2011.632446.

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35

Hughes, David McDermott. "Whites and Water: How Euro-Africans Made Nature at Kariba Dam." Journal of Southern African Studies 32, no. 4 (December 2006): 823–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070600996846.

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36

Mahere, TS, MZ Mtsambiwa, PC Chifamba, and T. Nhiwatiwa. "Climate change impact on the limnology of Lake Kariba, Zambia–Zimbabwe." African Journal of Aquatic Science 39, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085914.2014.927350.

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37

Masundire, Hillary M. "Population dynamics of Bosmina longirostris (Crustacea: Cladocera) in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." Hydrobiologia 243-244, no. 1 (October 1992): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00007032.

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38

Mhlanga, Lindah. "Fragmentation of resource governance along the shoreline of Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." Development Southern Africa 26, no. 4 (October 2009): 585–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768350903181365.

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39

Zhou, Junxiao, Junwei Cheng, and Qian Li. "A Dam Performance Model Based on Rehabilitation of the Kariba Dam." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1757, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 012159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1757/1/012159.

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40

Wang, Jiyue, Denghong Shi, Yu Bai, Bochen Ouyang, and Yan Liu. "Effects of chitosan treatment on the texture parameters of okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)." Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 12, no. 3 (July 24, 2020): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/qas.v12i3.716.

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In recent years, due to its medicinal properties and reputation as a healthy vegetable, consumption of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) has considerably increased in China. In this study, texture parameters (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and resilience) of okra fruit subjected to chitosan (CTS) treatment and control were determined during storage. The changing pattern of texture properties and the differences between three different cultivars (Kariba, ACF, and Xianzhi) were observed at three testing stages (0, 15, and 30 days of storage), which indicated a significant cultivar-dependent pattern. The hardness, cohesiveness, gummi-ness, chewiness, and resilience of the fruit, both in the 1% CTS treatment group and the control group, declined along with storage time. The small fruits (length < 10 cm) scored relatively low in most of the texture parameters and rate of intact when compared with large (length ? 15 cm) and medium-sized fruits (10 ? length < 15 cm). There was a significant, positive correlation between firmness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and resilience. Our results revealed that a 1% N, O-carboxymethyl CTS solution can effectively delay softening and maintain the texture profile of the okra fruit. In the case of Kariba (A) and Xianzhi (C), the medium-sized fruits showed better storage resistance, while the large fruit of ACF (B) showed the best storage resistance.

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41

Tischler, Julia. "Cementing Uneven Development: The Central African Federation and the Kariba Dam Scheme." Journal of Southern African Studies 40, no. 5 (August 26, 2014): 1047–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2014.946221.

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Marshall, Brian E. "An assessment of climate change and stratification in Lake Kariba (Zambia-Zimbabwe)." Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management 22, no. 3 (September 2017): 229–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lre.12185.

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Mungomba, L. M., and K. Kalumba. "Validation of schistosomiasis morbidity symptoms in schoolchildren of Siavonga, Lake Kariba, Zambia." Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 89, no. 4 (August 1995): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00034983.1995.11812973.

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Moyo, Ngonidzashe A. G. "Aspects of the feeding ecology of Sargochromis codringtonii in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." African Journal of Ecology 40, no. 3 (August 6, 2002): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2028.2002.00365.x.

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45

Machena, C., and P. Fair. "Comparison of fish yields from prediction models between Lakes Tanganyika and Kariba." Hydrobiologia 137, no. 1 (July 1986): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00004169.

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Masundire, Hillary M. "Seasonal trends in zooplankton densities in Sanyati basin, Lake Kariba: multivariate analysis." Hydrobiologia 272, no. 1-3 (January 1994): 211–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00006522.

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47

Nyikahadzoi, Kefasi, and Jesper Raakjær. "Policy evolution and dynamics of governance at the Lake Kariba kapenta fishery." Development Southern Africa 26, no. 4 (October 2009): 639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768350903181415.

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Nyikahadzoi, Kefasi. "Challenges to collective action in the management of theKapentafishery in lake Kariba." Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management 14, no. 4 (December 2009): 337–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1770.2009.00415.x.

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Boon, P. J. "Net‐Spinning byAmphipsyche senegalensisLarvae (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in Lake Kariba (South Central Africa)." Aquatic Insects 8, no. 1 (January 1986): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650428609361229.

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50

Xu, Meng, Jeppe Kolding, and Joel E. Cohen. "Sequential analysis and design of fixed-precision sampling of Lake Kariba fishes using Taylor’s power law." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, no. 6 (June 2019): 904–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0091.

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Taylor’s power law (TPL), which states that the variance of abundance is a power function of mean abundance, has been used to design sampling of agricultural pests and fish species. We show that TPL holds for means and variances of abundance of accumulated fish samples in the fished and unfished areas separately of Lake Kariba (between Zambia and Zimbabwe), measuring abundance indices by number and weight separately. We use TPL parameters estimated from sequentially accumulated samples to update a stopping line of fixed precision 0.1 after each new sample from a sampling day. In these Lake Kariba data, depending on the sampling area and abundance measure, our updated stopping-line method requires 21% to 41% of the number of sampling days and 19% to 40% of the number of samples that are planned a priori and performed under systematic sampling. Our novel method yields mean abundance estimates similar to those from systematic sampling and provides a conservative approach to reaching a fixed sampling precision level with reduced sampling labor and time. Using mixed-effect modeling for cumulative means and variances with either number or weight from both fished and unfished areas, we find that fishing increases the slope of TPL. This study provides the conceptual framework and an empirical case study for implementing a sequential sampling method for fish assemblages of an inland lake. The possible limitations and applications of our method for sampling in other environments are discussed.

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