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Journal articles on the topic 'Karyotype differentiation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Coulaud, Joëlle, Nasrine Barghi, Claude Lefèbvre, and Sonja Siljak-Yakovlev. "Cytogenetic variation in populations of Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. in relation to geographical distribution and soil stress tolerances." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 5 (1999): 673–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-028.

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Ten Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. populations (2n = 18) from contrasting ecogeographic situations were compared using 30 morphometric characters of karyotype and frequencies of abnormal metaphase and interphase cells in root-tip meristems. Despite the general symmetry and similarities, karyotypes of populations can be distinguished using a set of precise karyotypic features. Variations within populations mainly concerned the occurrence of satellites and weakly condensed areas of chromosomes. Total chromosome length measurements were congruent with flow cytometry estimates of DNA amounts. The

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2

Mariotto, Sandra, Liano Centofante, Marcelo Vicari, Roberto Artoni, and Filho Orlando Moreira. "Chromosomal diversification in ribosomal DNA sites in Ancistrus Kner, 1854 (Loricariidae, Ancistrini) from three hydrographic basins of Mato Grosso, Brazil." Comparative Cytogenetics 5, no. (4) (2011): 289–300. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v5i4.1757.

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Populations of seven <i>Ancistrus </i>species were analyzed from streams and rivers of three hydrographic Brazilian basins. All populations showed different diploid numbers (2n), fundamental numbers (FNs), and karyotypes. Some representatives of Loricariidae have 2n = 54 chromosomes, which is very likely an ancestral cytotaxonomic characteristic, but many other representatives show extensive karyotype diversification. In the <i>Ancistrus</i> species studied, extensive karyotypic differentiation, which is generally associated with chromosome number reduction and rearrangement of the ribosomal R

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3

Pucci, Marcela Baer, Viviane Nogaroto, Luiz Antonio Carlos Bertollo, Orlando Moreira-Filho, and Marcelo Ricardo Vicari. "The karyotypes and evolution of ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes in the genus Characidium (Characiformes, Crenuchidae)." Comparative Cytogenetics 12, no. (3) (2018): 421–38. https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v12i3.28736.

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Available data on cytotaxonomy of the genus Characidium Reinhardt, 1867, which contains the greatest number of species in the Characidiinae (Crenuchidae), with 64 species widely distributed throughout the Neotropical region, were summarized and reviewed. Most Characidium species have uniform diploid chromosome number (2n) = 50 and karyotype with 32 metacentric (m) and 18 submetacentric (sm) chromosomes. The maintenance of the 2n and karyotypic formula in Characidium implies that their genomes did not experience large chromosomal rearrangements during species diversification. In contrast, the i

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4

STIEFKENS, L., and G. BERNARDELLO. "KARYOTYPE STUDIES IN LYCIUM SECTIONS SCHISTOCALYX AND SCLEROCARPELLUM (SOLANACEAE)." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 62, no. 1-2 (2005): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428606000023.

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Mitotic chromosome numbers and karyotypes of species in two sections of Lycium (Solanaceae) from the American continent were determined in 23 populations. Both species in the small South American section Schistocalyx were examined: Lycium ciliatum and three varieties of L. chilense had diploid (2n=24) as well as tetraploid (2n=48) populations. Lycium ameghinoi from the small American section Sclerocarpellum was diploid with 2n=24. The basic number x=12 for the genus was confirmed. The karyotypes of these taxa were highly symmetrical: the chromosomes were metacentric or submetacentric with the

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5

Pucci, Marcela Baer, Viviane Nogaroto, Luiz Antonio Carlos Bertollo, Orlando Moreira-Filho, and Marcelo Ricardo Vicari. "The karyotypes and evolution of ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes in the genus Characidium (Characiformes, Crenuchidae)." Comparative Cytogenetics 12, no. 3 (2018): 421–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v12i3.28736.

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Available data on cytotaxonomy of the genus Characidium Reinhardt, 1867, which contains the greatest number of species in the Characidiinae (Crenuchidae), with 64 species widely distributed throughout the Neotropical region, were summarized and reviewed. Most Characidium species have uniform diploid chromosome number (2n) = 50 and karyotype with 32 metacentric (m) and 18 submetacentric (sm) chromosomes. The maintenance of the 2n and karyotypic formula in Characidium implies that their genomes did not experience large chromosomal rearrangements during species diversification. In contrast, the i

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6

Sotero-Caio, C.G., J.C. Pieczarka, C.Y. Nagamachi, et al. "Chromosomal Homologies among Vampire Bats Revealed by Chromosome Painting (Phyllostomidae, Chiroptera)." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 132, no. 3 (2011): 156–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429619.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Substantial effort has been made to elucidate karyotypic evolution of phyllostomid bats, mostly through comparisons of G-banding patterns. However, due to the limited number of G-bands in respective karyotypes and to the similarity of non-homologous bands, an accurate evolutionary history of chromosome segments remains questionable. This is the case for vampire bats (Desmodontinae). Despite several proposed homologies, banding data have not yet provided a detailed understanding of the chromosomal changes within vampire genera. We examined kary

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7

Sotero-Caio, C.G., J.C. Pieczarka, C.Y. Nagamachi, et al. "Chromosomal Homologies among Vampire Bats Revealed by Chromosome Painting (Phyllostomidae, Chiroptera)." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 132, no. 3 (2011): 156–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429619.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Substantial effort has been made to elucidate karyotypic evolution of phyllostomid bats, mostly through comparisons of G-banding patterns. However, due to the limited number of G-bands in respective karyotypes and to the similarity of non-homologous bands, an accurate evolutionary history of chromosome segments remains questionable. This is the case for vampire bats (Desmodontinae). Despite several proposed homologies, banding data have not yet provided a detailed understanding of the chromosomal changes within vampire genera. We examined kary

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8

Sotero-Caio, C.G., J.C. Pieczarka, C.Y. Nagamachi, et al. "Chromosomal Homologies among Vampire Bats Revealed by Chromosome Painting (Phyllostomidae, Chiroptera)." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 132, no. 3 (2011): 156–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429619.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Substantial effort has been made to elucidate karyotypic evolution of phyllostomid bats, mostly through comparisons of G-banding patterns. However, due to the limited number of G-bands in respective karyotypes and to the similarity of non-homologous bands, an accurate evolutionary history of chromosome segments remains questionable. This is the case for vampire bats (Desmodontinae). Despite several proposed homologies, banding data have not yet provided a detailed understanding of the chromosomal changes within vampire genera. We examined kary

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9

Sotero-Caio, C.G., J.C. Pieczarka, C.Y. Nagamachi, et al. "Chromosomal Homologies among Vampire Bats Revealed by Chromosome Painting (Phyllostomidae, Chiroptera)." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 132, no. 3 (2011): 156–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429619.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Substantial effort has been made to elucidate karyotypic evolution of phyllostomid bats, mostly through comparisons of G-banding patterns. However, due to the limited number of G-bands in respective karyotypes and to the similarity of non-homologous bands, an accurate evolutionary history of chromosome segments remains questionable. This is the case for vampire bats (Desmodontinae). Despite several proposed homologies, banding data have not yet provided a detailed understanding of the chromosomal changes within vampire genera. We examined kary

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10

Sotero-Caio, C.G., J.C. Pieczarka, C.Y. Nagamachi, et al. "Chromosomal Homologies among Vampire Bats Revealed by Chromosome Painting (Phyllostomidae, Chiroptera)." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 132, no. 3 (2011): 156–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13429619.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Substantial effort has been made to elucidate karyotypic evolution of phyllostomid bats, mostly through comparisons of G-banding patterns. However, due to the limited number of G-bands in respective karyotypes and to the similarity of non-homologous bands, an accurate evolutionary history of chromosome segments remains questionable. This is the case for vampire bats (Desmodontinae). Despite several proposed homologies, banding data have not yet provided a detailed understanding of the chromosomal changes within vampire genera. We examined kary

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11

Krysanov, Eugene, and Tatiana Demidova. "Extensive karyotype variability of African fish genus Nothobranchius (Cyprinodontiformes)." Comparative Cytogenetics 12, no. (3) (2018): 387–402. https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v12i3.25092.

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Karyotypes of 65 species of the genus Nothobranchius Peters, 1868 were reviewed and of those 35 examined first time. The results of present study have shown that fishes of the genus Nothobranchius possessed highly diverse karyotypes. The diploid chromosome number (2n) ranged from 16 to 50. The most frequent 2n was 2n = 36 (in 35 species) while the second one 2n = 38 (in 13 species). Proportion of biarmed chromosomes varied from 0 to 95% between species. Diploid chromosome number variability apparently exists as a result of chromosomal fusions or fissions and extensive karyotypic formula altera

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12

Krysanov, Eugene Yu, Béla Nagy, Brian R. Watters, Alexandr Sember, and Sergey A. Simanovsky. "Karyotype differentiation in the Nothobranchius ugandensis species group (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiformes), seasonal fishes from the east African inland plateau, in the context of phylogeny and biogeography." Comparative Cytogenetics 17, no. 1 (2023): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v7.i1.97165.

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The karyotype differentiation of the twelve known members of the Nothobranchius ugandensis Wildekamp, 1994 species group is reviewed and the karyotype composition of seven of its species is described herein for the first time using a conventional cytogenetic protocol. Changes in the architecture of eukaryotic genomes often have a major impact on processes underlying reproductive isolation, adaptation and diversification. African annual killifishes of the genus Nothobranchius Peters, 1868 (Teleostei: Nothobranchiidae), which are adapted to an extreme environment of ephemeral wetland pools in Af

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13

Krysanov, Eugene Yu., Béla Nagy, Brian R. Watters, Alexandr Sember, and Sergey A. Simanovsky. "Karyotype differentiation in the Nothobranchius ugandensis species group (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiformes), seasonal fishes from the east African inland plateau, in the context of phylogeny and biogeography." Comparative Cytogenetics 17, no. (1) (2023): 13–29. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v7.i1.97165.

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The karyotype differentiation of the twelve known members of the Nothobranchius ugandensis Wildekamp, 1994 species group is reviewed and the karyotype composition of seven of its species is described herein for the first time using a conventional cytogenetic protocol. Changes in the architecture of eukaryotic genomes often have a major impact on processes underlying reproductive isolation, adaptation and diversification. African annual killifishes of the genus Nothobranchius Peters, 1868 (Teleostei: Nothobranchiidae), which are adapted to an extreme environment of ephemeral wetland pools in Af

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14

Henriksson, J., A. Solari, M. Rydåker, O. E. Sousa, and U. Pettersson. "Karyotype variability in Trypanosoma rangeli." Parasitology 112, no. 4 (1996): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000066610.

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SUMMARYThe molecular karyotypes of several different protozoan parasites show high intra-species variation, including different kinetoplastids such as Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania ssp. In this study, the molecular karyotype of Trypanosoma rangeli was examined. To evaluate potential intra-species molecular karyotype variations, 16 different samples were studied by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) followed by ethidium bromide staining and hybridizations with 6 different probes. The result showed that different T. rangeli populations are highly polymorphic regarding

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15

Utsunomia, Ricardo, José C. Pansonato-Alves, Guilherme J. Costa-Silva, et al. "Molecular and cytogenetic analyses of cryptic species within the Synbranchus marmoratus Bloch, 1795 (Synbranchiformes: Synbranchidae) grouping: species delimitations, karyotypic evolution and intraspecific diversification." Neotropical Ichthyology 12, no. 4 (2015): 903–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20140039.

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The fish species Synbranchus marmoratushas been reported to exist as a species complex due to high intraspecific karyotypic variability in spite of the difficulty or impossibility to distinguish them using morphological traits alone. The goal of this work was to use cytogenetic and molecular methods to determine the species delimitations and understand the karyoevolution ofS. marmoratususing samples collected from distinct Brazilian localities. Among the analyzed specimens, a large degree of cytogenetic variation related to diploid numbers and karyotype structure was observed, with karyotypes

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16

Butler, Malcolm G., Iya I. Kiknadze, Veronica V. Golygina, et al. "Cytogenetic differentiation between Palearctic and Nearctic populations of Chironomus plumosus L. (Diptera, Chironomidae)." Genome 42, no. 5 (1999): 797–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g99-014.

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Macrogeographic patterns of polytene chromosomal banding sequences were studied in natural populations of the Holarctic species Chironomus plumosus. Of the 31 inversion sequences now known, 16 are endemic to the Palearctic, 7 are endemic to the Nearctic, and 8 are Holarctic sequences common to both zoogeographic zones. Differences in the sets of inversion sequences found on each continent, plus differing frequencies of Holarctic sequences, result in great overall divergence of karyotypes on the two continents. The karyotype of Nearctic C. plumosus differs from that of Palearctic populations pr

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17

Arslan, Atilla, Apdil Arısoy, and Jan Zima. "Comparison of the Chromosome Banding Pattern in the2n=56Cytotypes ofNannospalax leucodonandN. xanthodonfrom Turkey." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/121690.

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We present the karyotype characteristics of five cytotypes of mole rats (Nannospalax) with 56 chromosomes revealed by the C-banding and AgNOR staining analyses. We attempt to investigate if the specific distinction between the populations from Thrace (N. leucodon) and Anatolia (N. xanthodon) is reflected also in their karyotypic differentiation. The specimens from each of the five populations studied revealed a distinct karyotype which was different from those found in other populations. The fundamental number of autosomal arms varied from 68 to 72. The amount of C-heterochromatin was larger i

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18

Traldi, Josiane, Marcelo Vicari, Daniel Blanco, Juliana Martinez, Roberto Artoni, and Filho Orlando Moreira. "First karyotype description of Hypostomus iheringii (Regan, 1908): a case of heterochromatic polymorphism." Comparative Cytogenetics 6, no. (2) (2012): 115–25. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v6i2.2595.

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In this study, which is the first karyotype analysis of <i>Hypostomus iheringii,</i> nine specimens collected in Córrego da Lapa (tributary of the Passa-Cinco River) showed a diploid number of 80 chromosomes. Silver nitrate staining and fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization (FISH) with an 18S rDNA probe revealed the presence of multiple nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) (chromosome pairs 13, 20, and 34). FISH with a 5S rDNA probe showed that this cistron was only present in chromosome pair 2. When the karyotypes of individual animals were compared, unique heterochromatic polymorphisms wer

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19

Wang, Shi-Quan. "Karyotype in Paeonia intermedia C.A. Mey." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 43, no. 1 (2014): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i1.19758.

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The chromosome number and karyotype of three populations in Paeonia intermedia C.A. Mey are presented in this paper. The populations, sampled from Altai Prefecture in Xinjiang, China, are diploids (2n = 10), with 2A type karyotype and the karyotypic formula of 2n = 2x = 10 = 6m + 2sm + 2st. There was no obvious differentiation among all the three sections of the genus Paeonia based on parameters of arm ratio and ratio of the longest/shortest chromosome (L1/Ln). There is merely slight difference between the woody section (Sect. Moutan) and the herbaceous sections (Sects. Onaepia and Paeonia). D

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20

Мамедова, Г. Х., Г. А. Шаршеналиева, and к. А. Нурдин. "CYTOGENETICS OF SOME MAMMALS LIVING IN THE CHUI REGION." НАУКА, НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И ИННОВАЦИИ КЫРГЫЗСТАНА, no. 4 (April 30, 2022): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.26104/nntik.2022.86.54.017.

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Целью данной работы является изучить хромосомную изменчивость и цитогенетическую дифференциацию некоторых синантропных видов животных Чуйской области с помощью сравнительной кариологии. Кариотип домовой мыши Мus musculus Бишкекской популяции состоит из диплоидного числа хромосом. Все хромосомы имеют акроцентрическую форму и при анализе сравнений полученных данныхс кариотипами других микропопуляций изменчивость не обнаружена. Описан кариотип серого хомячка Cricetulus migratorius Бишкекской популяции. Половые хромосомы не обнаружены. При сравнении кариотипов, обособленных микропопуляций данного

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Sember, Alexandr, Ezequiel Aguiar de Oliveira, Petr Ráb, et al. "Centric Fusions behind the Karyotype Evolution of Neotropical Nannostomus Pencilfishes (Characiforme, Lebiasinidae): First Insights from a Molecular Cytogenetic Perspective." Genes 11, no. 1 (2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11010091.

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Lebiasinidae is a Neotropical freshwater family widely distributed throughout South and Central America. Due to their often very small body size, Lebiasinidae species are cytogenetically challenging and hence largely underexplored. However, the available but limited karyotype data already suggested a high interspecific variability in the diploid chromosome number (2n), which is pronounced in the speciose genus Nannostomus, a popular taxon in ornamental fish trade due to its remarkable body coloration. Aiming to more deeply examine the karyotype diversification in Nannostomus, we combined conve

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22

Prazdnikov, Denis V. "Chromosome complements of Channa lucius and C. striata from Phu Quoc Island and karyotypic evolution in snakehead fishes (Actinopterygii, Channidae)." Comparative Cytogenetics 17, no. (1) (2023): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v17.i1.94943.

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Snakehead fishes of the family Channidae are obligatory air-breathers freshwater predators, the vast majority of which belong to the genus Channa Scopoli, 1777. Channa species are characterized by high karyotypic diversity due to various types of chromosomal rearrangements. It is assumed that, in addition to the lifestyle, fragmentation and isolation of snakehead populations contribute to an increase in karyotypic diversity. However, the chromosome complements of many isolated populations of widespread Channa species remain unknown, and the direction of karyotype transformations is poorly unde

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23

Bedo, D. G. "Undifferentiated sex chromosomes in Mastotermes darwiniensis Froggatt (Isoptera; Mastotermitidae) and the evolution of eusociality in termites." Genome 29, no. 1 (1987): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g87-013.

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Meiosis and mitosis was studied in males of the primitive termite Mastotermes darwiniensis, which is closely related to the Dictyoptera. In mitotic metaphase cells 98 chromosomes were found with a matching 49 bivalents at metaphase I. Mastotermes darwiniensis has a largely acrocentric karyotype with no sex-linked translocation complexes, like those found in many other termite species, or other sex chromosome differentiation. These observations suggest that ancestral termites probably had karyotypes with many small chromosomes lacking sex chromosome differentiation and that there is no connecti

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24

Urton, J. R., S. R. McCann, and C. L. Peichel. "Karyotype Differentiation between Two Stickleback Species (Gasterosteidae)." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 135, no. 2 (2011): 150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000331232.

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25

Santos, Igor S., Jacques H. C. Delabie, Janisete G. Silva, et al. "Karyotype Differentiation among FourDinoponera(Formicidae: Ponerinae) Species." Florida Entomologist 95, no. 3 (2012): 737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.095.0324.

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Sassi, Francisco de M. C., Orlando Moreira-Filho, Geize A. Deon, et al. "Adding New Pieces to the Puzzle of Karyotype Evolution in Harttia (Siluriformes, Loricariidae): Investigation of Amazonian Species." Biology 10, no. 9 (2021): 922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10090922.

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A remarkable morphological diversity and karyotype variability can be observed in the Neotropical armored catfish genus Harttia. These fishes offer a useful model to explore both the evolution of karyotypes and sex chromosomes, since many species possess male-heterogametic sex chromosome systems and a high rate of karyotype repatterning. Based on the karyotype organization, the chromosomal distribution of several repetitive DNA classes, and the rough estimates of genomic divergences at the intraspecific and interspecific levels via Comparative Genomic Hybridization, we identified shared diploi

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Pozzobon, Luciano Cesar, Natália dos Santos, Ricardo Utsunomia, et al. "Satellite DNA Mapping in Suliformes (Aves): Insights into the Evolution of the Multiple Sex Chromosome System in Sula spp." Genes 16, no. 6 (2025): 633. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16060633.

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Background: The order Suliformes exhibits significant karyotype diversity, with Sula species showing a Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W multiple-sex chromosome system, an uncommon occurrence in avians. Satellite DNAs (satDNAs), which consist of tandemly repeated sequences, often vary considerably even among closely related species, making them valuable markers for studying karyotypic evolution, particularly that of sex chromosome evolution. This study aims to characterize and investigate the potential role of these sequences in the karyotypic evolution of the group, with special attention to the sex chromosomes

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Schneider, Marielle Cristina, Simone Policena Rosa, Mara Cristina Almeida, Cleide Costa, and Doralice Maria Cella. "Strategies of karyotype differentiation in Elateridae (Coleoptera, Polyphaga)." Micron 38, no. 6 (2007): 590–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2006.10.002.

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Král, Jiří, Ivalú M. Ávila Herrera, František Šťáhlavský, et al. "Karyotype differentiation and male meiosis in European clades of the spider genus Pholcus (Araneae, Pholcidae)." Comparative Cytogenetics 16, no. 4 (2022): 185–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v16i4.85059.

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Haplogyne araneomorphs are a diverse spider clade. Their karyotypes are usually predominated by biarmed (i.e., metacentric and submetacentric) chromosomes and have a specific sex chromosome system, X1X2Y. These features are probably ancestral for haplogynes. Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) spread frequently from autosomes to sex chromosomes in these spiders. This study focuses on pholcids (Pholcidae), a highly diverse haplogyne family. Despite considerable recent progress in pholcid cytogenetics, knowledge on many clades remains insufficient including the most species-rich pholcid genus, Ph

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Král, Jiří, Herrera Ivalú M. Ávila, František Šťáhlavský, et al. "Karyotype differentiation and male meiosis in European clades of the spider genus Pholcus (Araneae, Pholcidae)." Comparative Cytogenetics 16, no. (4) (2022): 185–209. https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v16i4.85059.

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Haplogyne araneomorphs are a diverse spider clade. Their karyotypes are usually predominated by biarmed (i.e., metacentric and submetacentric) chromosomes and have a specific sex chromosome system, X<sub>1</sub>X<sub>2</sub>Y. These features are probably ancestral for haplogynes. Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) spread frequently from autosomes to sex chromosomes in these spiders. This study focuses on pholcids (Pholcidae), a highly diverse haplogyne family. Despite considerable recent progress in pholcid cytogenetics, knowledge on many clades remains insufficient including the most species-

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Dujardin, J. C., J. P. Dujardin, M. Tibayrenc, et al. "Karyotype plasticity in Neotropical Leishmania: an index for measuring genomic distance among L. (V.) peruviana and L. (V.) braziliensis populations." Parasitology 110, no. 1 (1995): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000081002.

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A method for phenetic analysis of karyotype data has been developed for Leishmania populations. Measurement of size difference between chromosomes recognized by a given DNA probe in different isolates led to the formulation of a Chromosome Size Difference Index (CSDI). The method was applied to phenetic analysis of 4 sets of chromosomes – each set being recognized by a different probe – in 37 L. (Viannia) peruviana isolates sampled along a North–South transect through the Peruvian Andes and, in 11 L. (V.) braziliensis isolates from the Amazonian forest (Peru, Bolivia and Brazil). Karyotype var

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32

Maistro, Edson Luis, Claudio Oliveira, and Fausto Foresti. "Comparative cytogenetic and morphological analysis of Astyanax scabripinnis paranae (Pisces, Characidae, Tetragonopterinae)." Genetics and Molecular Biology 21, no. 2 (1998): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47571998000200005.

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Cytogenetic and morphological studies were carried out on nine local populations of Astyanax scabripinnis paranae. All populations exhibited 2n = 50 chromosomes as well as conspicuous differences involving karyotype morphology, number and position of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) and amount and/or locations of constitutive heterochromatin blocks. A quantitative study of the cytogenetic data showed that eight populations possessed different karyotypes. Morphological analyses based on nine measurements and two meristic parameters were effective in establishing clear identification of five p

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Kiknadze, Iya I., Malcolm G. Butler, Veronica V. Golygina, et al. "Intercontinental karyotypic differentiation of Chironomus entis Shobanov, a Holarctic member of the C. plumosus group (Diptera, Chironomidae)." Genome 43, no. 5 (2000): 857–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g00-052.

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Analysis of banding sequences of polytene chromosomes in Palearctic (Russian) and Nearctic (North American) Chironomus entis shows strong karyotype divergence between populations on the two continents. Four out of seven chromosomal arms in the North American C. entis karyotype are characterized by sequences found only in the Nearctic. In total, 44 banding sequences are now known for this species across the Holarctic, including 22 exclusively Palearctic, 6 Holarctic, and 16 exclusively Nearctic sequences. The degree of cytogenetic differentiation between Palearctic and Nearctic C. entis populat

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Garcia, Caroline, and Orlando Moreira Filho. "Cytogenetical analyses in three fish species of the genus Pimelodus(Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from rio São Francisco: considerations about the karyotypical evolution in the genus." Neotropical Ichthyology 3, no. 2 (2005): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252005000200006.

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Karyotypes and other chromosomal markers were investigated in three species of the catfish genus Pimelodus, namely P. fur, P. maculatus and Pimelodus sp., from municipality of Três Marias, Minas Gerais, Brazil, using differential staining techniques (C-banding, Silver nitrate and CMA3 staining). The diploid chromosome number was 2n = 56 in P. maculatus and Pimelodus sp., while in P. fur 2n = 54. The karyotype of P. fur consisted in 32M + 8SM + 6ST + 8A with fundamental number (NF) of 100, that of P. maculatus 32M + 12SM + 12A with NF = 112, and that of Pimelodus sp. had 32M + 12Sm + 6ST + 6A w

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Baldanza, F., L. Gaudio, and G. Viggiani. "Cytotaxonomic studies of Encarsia Förster (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 89, no. 3 (1999): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485399000322.

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AbstractA cytotaxonomic study was carried out on 13 species of Encarsia Förster, known to parasitize aleyrodids and diaspidids. The chromosomes varied greatly both in number and morphology, with E. protransvena Viggiani having the lowest chromosome number (2n = 6) and E. asterobemisiae Viggiani & Mazzone the highest (2n = 20). The most common chromosome number was 2n = 10. C-banding, G-banding and silver staining for nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) provided the possibility of distinguishing between karyotypes with the same chromosome number and morphology and to identify all the pairs of

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Nirchio Tursellino, Mauro, Marcelo de Bello Cioffi, Francisco de Menezes Cavalcante Sassi, et al. "Integrating Genomic and Chromosomal Data: A Cytogenetic Study of Transancistrus santarosensis (Loricariidae: Hypostominae) with Characterization of a ZZ/ZW Sex Chromosome System." Genes 14, no. 9 (2023): 1662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14091662.

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The plecos (Loricariidae) fish represent a great model for cytogenetic investigations due to their variety of karyotypes, including diploid and polyploid genomes, and different types of sex chromosomes. In this study we investigate Transancistrus santarosensis a rare loricariid endemic to Ecuador, integrating cytogenetic methods with specimens’ molecular identification by mtDNA, to describe the the species karyotype. We aim to verify whether sex chromosomes are cytologically identifiable and if they are associated with the accumulation of repetitive sequences present in other species of the fa

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Simanovsky, Sergey A., Alexandra Yu Skuratovskaya, Margarita G. Simonian, Dmitry A. Medvedev, Fekadu Tefera, and Alexander S. Golubtsov. "First karyotype description of Epiplatys spilargyreius (Duméril, 1861) with comments on chromosome evolution in the genus Epiplatys Gill, 1862 (Nothobranchiidae)." Comparative Cytogenetics 19 (June 19, 2025): 109–15. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.19.151345.

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The African non-annual killifish genus Epiplatys Gill, 1862 (family Nothobranchiidae) comprises 36 valid species distributed in West, Central and East Africa. The available cytogenetic information for the genus indicates a wide variability in diploid chromosome number (2n) and number of chromosome arms (FN). Here, we report the karyotype of Epiplatys spilargyreius (Duméril, 1861), one of the two species with the lowest diploid chromosome number (2n = 34) in the genus, from the White Nile basin in Ethiopia. Male and female karyotypes contained 18 metacentric/acrocentric and 16 subtelocentric

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Simanovsky, Sergey, Dmitry Medvedev, Fekadu Tefera, and Alexander Golubtsov. "First cytogenetic information for five Nilotic elephantfishes and a problem of ancestral karyotype of the family Mormyridae (Osteoglossiformes)." Comparative Cytogenetics 14, no. 3 (2020): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.14i3.52727.

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The elephantfish family Mormyridae is the most diverse lineage of the primitive teleostean clade Osteoglossomorpha distributed in inland waters of all continents except Antarctica and Europe. The family Mormyridae is endemic to Africa and includes 22 genera and almost 230 species. The evolutionary radiation of mormyrids most probably should be attributed to their capability of both generating and receiving weak electric signals. Up-to-date cytogenetic studies have revealed substantial karyotype differentiation among the nine investigated elephantfish species and genera (a single species studie

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Nirchio, Mauro, Claudio Oliveira, Marcelo de Bello Cioffi, et al. "Occurrence of Sex Chromosomes in Fish of the Genus Ancistrus with a New Description of Multiple Sex Chromosomes in the Ecuadorian Endemic Ancistrus clementinae (Loricariidae)." Genes 14, no. 2 (2023): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14020306.

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Ancistrus Kner, 1854, is the most diverse genus among the Ancistrini (Loricariidae) with 70 valid species showing a wide geographic distribution and great taxonomic and systematic complexity. To date, about 40 Ancistrus taxa have been karyotyped, all from Brazil and Argentina, but the statistic is uncertain because 30 of these reports deal with samples that have not yet been identified at the species level. This study provides the first cytogenetic description of the bristlenose catfish, Ancistrus clementinae Rendahl, 1937, a species endemic to Ecuador, aiming to verify whether a sex chromosom

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Simanovsky, Sergey, Dmitry Medvedev, Fekadu Tefera, and Alexander Golubtsov. "First cytogenetic information for five Nilotic elephantfishes and a problem of ancestral karyotype of the family Mormyridae (Osteoglossiformes)." Comparative Cytogenetics 14, no. (3) (2020): 387–97. https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.14i3.52727.

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The elephantfish family Mormyridae is the most diverse lineage of the primitive teleostean clade Osteoglossomorpha distributed in inland waters of all continents except Antarctica and Europe. The family Mormyridae is endemic to Africa and includes 22 genera and almost 230 species. The evolutionary radiation of mormyrids most probably should be attributed to their capability of both generating and receiving weak electric signals. Up-to-date cytogenetic studies have revealed substantial karyotype differentiation among the nine investigated elephantfish species and genera (a single species studie

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Hemmer, W. "Karyotype differentiation and chromosomal variability in springtails (Collembola, Insecta)." Biology and Fertility of Soils 9, no. 2 (1990): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00335793.

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Dulz, Thais Aparecida, Carla Andrea Lorscheider, Viviane Demetrio Nascimento, et al. "Comparative cytogenetics among Leporinus friderici and Leporellus vittatus populations (Characiformes, Anostomidae): focus on repetitive DNA elements." Comparative Cytogenetics 13, no. (2) (2019): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v13i2.33764.

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Anostomidae are a neotropical fish family rich in number of species. Cytogenetically, they show a conserved karyotype with 2n = 54 chromosomes, although they present intraspecific/interspecific variations in the number and chromosomal location of repetitive DNA sequences. The aim of the present study was to perform a comparative description of the karyotypes of two populations of Leporinus friderici Bloch, 1794 and three populations of Leporellus vittatus Valenciennes, 1850. We used conventional cytogenetic techniques allied to fluorescence in situ hybridization, using 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA)

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Moraes Neto, Américo, Maelin da Silva, Daniele Aparecida Matoso, et al. "Karyotype variability in neotropical catfishes of the family Pimelodidae (Teleostei: Siluriformes)." Neotropical Ichthyology 9, no. 1 (2011): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252011005000002.

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Karyotypic data are presented for four species of fish belonging to the Pimelodidae family. These species show a conserved diploid number, 2n = 56 chromosomes, with different karyotypic formulae. The analyzed species showed little amount of heterochromatin located preferentially in the centromeric and telomeric regions of some chromosomes. The nucleolus organizer regions activity (Ag-NORs) and the chromosomal location of ribosomal genes by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), with 18S and 5S probes, showing only one chromosome pair marked bearer of ribosomal genes, the only exception was

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Marescalchi, Ombretta, and Valerio Scali. "Chromosomal and NOR patterns in the polyclonal stick insect Bacillus atticus atticus (Insecta; Phasmatodea)." Genome 40, no. 2 (1997): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-037.

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Bacillus atticus atticus is a complex of thelytokous parthenogens, related to the bisexual Bacillus grandii, that ranges from Sardinia to Near Eastern countries. Karyotypic and cytogenetic differentiation of the B. atticus atticus diploid unisexual "isolates" is really higher than expected. Its standard karyotype has 2n = 34 chromosomes, but several instances of repatterned or even aneuploid complements have been found. The number and location of silver-stained NORs are particularly intriguing, since in addition to homozygous NOR patterns, simple or double hemizygous strains are found spread o

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Musorina, A. S., V. I. Turilova, A. N. Shatrova, T. K. Yakovleva, and G. G. Poljanskaya. "The Derivation and Comparative Characterization of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Lines, Isolated from Human Pulp of a Deciduous Tooth of Children of Different Sexes." Цитология 65, no. 5 (2023): 420–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0041377123050061.

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Two new non-immortalized fibroblast-like cell lines isolated from the pulp of Deciduous Tooth of Children of Different Sexes, named MSC-DP-1 and MSC-DP-2, were derived and characterized. In order to confirm the status of mesenchymal stem cells, a comparative analysis of a some characteristics in these lines was carried out at early and late passages. In the process of long-term cultivation, significant interline differences were revealed in the nature of replicative senescence (RS) and in growth characteristics. The MSC-DP-1 line was characterized by a later entry into the active stage of RS a

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Rosolen, Lucas A. M., Marcelo R. Vicari, and Mara C. Almeida. "Accumulation of Transposable Elements in Autosomes and Giant Sex Chromosomes of Omophoita (Chrysomelidae: Alticinae)." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 156, no. 4 (2018): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000495199.

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Coleoptera is the most diverse order among insects, and comparative molecular cytogenetic studies in this group are lacking. The species of Omophoita (Oedionychina) possess a karyotype of 2n = 22 = 10II+X+Y. They are interesting models for evolutionary cytogenetic studies due to giant sex chromosomes which are asynaptic during meiosis. Transposable elements (TEs) confer plasticity and mobility to genomes and are considered hotspots for DNA double-strand breaks and chromosomal rearrangements. The objective of the present study was to verify the role of TEs in the karyotype and in the size expan

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MOLINA, WAGNER F., PABLO A. MARTINEZ, LUIZ A. C. BERTOLLO, and CLAUDIO J. BIDAU. "Preferential accumulation of sex and Bs chromosomes in biarmed karyotypes by meiotic drive and rates of chromosomal changes in fishes." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 86, no. 4 (2014): 1801–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201420130489.

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Mechanisms of accumulation based on typical centromeric drive or of chromosomes carrying pericentric inversions are adjusted to the general karyotype differentiation in the principal Actinopterygii orders. Here, we show that meiotic drive in fish is also supported by preferential establishment of sex chromosome systems and B chromosomes in orders with predominantly bi-brachial chromosomes. The mosaic of trends acting at an infra-familiar level in fish could be explained as the interaction of the directional process of meiotic drive as background, modulated on a smaller scale by adaptive factor

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Kim, Daehwan, Sangkyu Park, Yeon-Gil Jung, and Sangho Roh. "In vitro culture of stem-like cells derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer bovine embryos of the Korean beef cattle species, HanWoo." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 28, no. 11 (2016): 1762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd14071.

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We established and maintained somatic cell nuclear transfer embryo-derived stem-like cells (SCNT-eSLCs) from the traditional Korean beef cattle species, HanWoo (Bos taurus coreanae). Each SCNT blastocyst was placed individually on a feeder layer with culture medium containing three inhibitors of differentiation (3i). Primary colonies formed after 2–3 days of culture and the intact colonies were passaged every 5–6 days. The cells in each colony showed embryonic stem cell-like morphologies with a distinct boundary and were positive to alkaline phosphatase staining. Immunofluorescence and reverse

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Montagna, S., G. Zacchè, and C. Bondavalli. "Azoospermia in XX male." Urologia Journal 59, no. 1_suppl (1992): 261–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039205901s85.

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The Authors report a case of azoospermia in a young adult who, though phenotypically a male, was a carrier of karyotype 46 XX. It is a rare case and is due to the precocious migration of fragment Y which produces testis differentiation on chromosome X. These sexual differentiation anomalies produce no genital ambiguity because the process takes place in the very early phase of the sexual differentiation process.

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Garcia, Francisca, Luis Biedma, Javier Calzada, et al. "Chromosomal Differentiation in Genetically Isolated Populations of the Marsh-Specialist Crocidura suaveolens (Mammalia: Soricidae)." Genes 11, no. 3 (2020): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11030270.

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The genus Crocidura represents a remarkable model for the study of chromosome evolution. This is the case of the lesser white-toothed shrew (Crocidura suaveolens), a representative of the Palearctic group. Although continuously distributed from Siberia to Central Europe, C. suaveolens is a rare, habitat-specialist species in the southwesternmost limit of its distributional range, in the Gulf of Cádiz (Iberian Peninsula). In this area, C. suaveolens is restricted to genetically isolated populations associated to the tidal marches of five rivers (Guadiana, Piedras, Odiel, Tinto and Guadalquivir)

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