Relevant bibliographies by topics / Kasungu agricultural development division

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Kasungu agricultural development division'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Kasungu agricultural development division"

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Mgomezulu, Wisdom Richard, Abdi-Khalil Edriss, and Kennedy Machila. "Impact of Gliricidia Fertilizer Tree Technology on Smallholder Farmers Economic Livelihood in Malawi: Case of Kasungu District." Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no. 6 (November 29, 2018): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v11n6p162.

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Agriculture plays a huge role in farmer’s livelihoods in Africa. With the adverse effect of climate change on agricultural productivity, developing agricultural technologies that are adaptive to climate change is one of the perquisites for agricultural development. Gliricidia intercropping is one of the climate smart agricultural innovations; that is being promoted by most researchers. Gliricidia intercropping has many benefits. Despite evidence of such benefits, there exists some missing literature on the impact of Gliricidia intercropping on farmer’s economic livelihoods. The study used cross sectional data collected by ICRAF in Kasungu district which sampled 406 households and employed a Propensity Score Matching method to analyze the effect of Gliricidia intercropping on smallholder farmer’s incomes. Results showed that among the observable factors used to match participants and non-participants, hired labour, age, education level, soil type, perception of soil fertility and access to extension services significantly affected participation in Gliricidia intercropping. The Average Treatment Effect on the Treated showed that Gliricidia intercropping improves the economic livelihoods of farmers by increasing household monthly income by MWK 38,565.83 ($54) at 1 percent significant level. The study went further to conduct sensitivity analysis using the Rosenbaum bounds, and found that unobserved heterogeneity has to increase the odds ratio of participating in Gliricidia intercropping by 10-60 percent before it can negate the estimated ATT. The study then recommends promoting the adoption of Gliricidia intercropping by capitalizing on the factors that influence participation or adoption of Gliricidia intercropping in order to improve smallholder farmers’ incomes and hence their livelihoods.
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Kenette, FRU MBANGARI, Hensel FONGANG FOUEPE Guillaume, and FRU FONTEH Mathias. "Role of farmers organizations to agricultural development in Mezam Division, Cameroon." Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development 11, no. 8 (August 31, 2019): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jaerd2018.1069.

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DAREKAR, A. S., S. B. DATARKAR, R. B. HILE, and K. H. PARSHURAMKAR. "Inter-district disparities in agricultural development in Amravati division of Maharashtra." AGRICULTURE UPDATE 9, no. 3 (August 15, 2014): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/au/9.3/327-332.

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Safalaoh, Andrew, Kinsley Jesemani, and Richard Phoya. "A survey of broiler production in the Blantyre Agricultural Development Division, Malawi." Development Southern Africa 15, no. 2 (June 1998): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359808440008.

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Deo, Hemant, and Helen Irvine. "Power and knowledge in the Agricultural Lending Division of the Fiji Development Bank." Asian Review of Accounting 14, no. 1/2 (March 2006): 66–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13217340610729473.

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Хаялеева, Chulpan Khayaleeva, Ханнанов, Marat Khannanov, Мусташкина, and Daniya Mustashkina. "Marketing as a prerequisite for sustainable development of the agrarian market." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 9, no. 3 (December 14, 2014): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/6496.

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The article considers marketing as a method of organization and management of agricultural production; marketing models formation, taking into account the specificity of agricultural production; variants of market division into segments, identifying the consumer for cost effectiveness.
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Kimengsi, Jude Ndzifon, and Joseph Ngong Tosam. "Climate Variability and Cocoa Production in Meme Division of Cameroon: Agricultural Development Policy options." Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 8 (August 20, 2013): 606–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15580/gjas.2013.3.022713505.

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Газетдинов, Миршарип, Mirsharip Gazetdinov, Ольга Семичева, Ol'ga Semicheva, Жансая Абилдаева, and Zhansaya Abildaeva. "METHODICAL ASPECTS OF OPTIMIZATION OF RICE PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 12, no. 3 (January 11, 2018): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a1d9da667a530.97812055.

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The article considers methodical aspects of rice production planning in agricultural enterprises. The existence of a multitude development options for the rice production is affirmed, and in this connection the necessity of its optimal industrial structure is justified. The relationship between the distribution and specialization of agricultural production, as two different sides of the same process, is shown, the intertwining of natural and economic conditions, the uneven use of labor resources and fixed productive assets, that determine the territorial division of labor in agriculture and whose existence necessitates a combination of industries that are rational selection of crops and their varieties.
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Azid, Toseef, and Muhammad Akbar Noor. "Investment, Hysteresis, and Layers of Techniques: A Case Study of Agricultural Manufacturing Machinery in Multan Division." Pakistan Development Review 38, no. 4II (December 1, 1999): 1117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v38i4iipp.1117-1132.

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The behaviour of firms is still a little understood matter. Why one firm or industry is investing more than the other or what makes a firm enter or exit from the market, what are the psychological factors that go to make a choice of this kind are questions that have not been answered satisfactorily. Concepts like irreversibility, uncertainty, investment, and the value of waiting are very much there in the literature, e.g., McDonald and Siegel (1985, 1986); Nickell (1974); Schmalensee (1972); Hartman (1972); Henry (1974) and LAM (1989) and others. But the psychology of decision-making on the face of losses has not received much attention in the literature. That the Economic Hysteresis1 and Layers of Techniques2, developed by Professor A. Dixit and Professor P. N. Mathur respectively tackle. The former is discussed by Pindyck (1988, 1991, 1992) and Dixit (1989, 1989a, 1991, 1992); while Mathur (1977, 1989, 1990); Law and Azid (1993); Azid and Ghosh (1998) and Rashid (1989,1989a) have discussed the latter.
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Wójcik, Grażyna, and Przemysław Leń. "Spatial development of agricultural land division throughout the ages in villages of the Opoczno County." Geomatics and Environmental Engineering 9, no. 3 (2015): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/geom.2015.9.3.95.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Kasungu agricultural development division"

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Phiri, Phillip H. W. "The Economic Role of Range Livestock Production in Kasungu Agricultural Development Division (KADD), Malawi." DigitalCommons@USU, 1997. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6554.

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This study was conducted to determine the effects of seas on and auction and produce marketing systems on prices received by farmers for livestock sales and the effect of price on cattle numbers sold in KADD. Livestock population, carrying capacity, and stocking rate were estimated. Data were analyzed using pie charts, regression methods, and analysis of variance. There was no significant difference (P=.06) between cattle prices per kilogram during the wet season and after harvest. During the wet season, significantly more cattle were sold than after harvest (P< .001) to purchase food and farm inputs, and pay school fees and medical bills. Market price was only a secondary factor. Carrying capacity and stocking rate were estimated at 15.00 kg metabolic mass per hectare and 12.00 kg metabolic mass per hectare, respectively. Most households primarily sold male cattle because females are retained for breeding.
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Kambauwa, Gertrude J. "A policy implementation analysis of soil conservation practices by shallholder farmers in the Blantyre agricultural development division of Malawi." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/4165.

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Agriculture contributes about 70 percent of Malawi's Gross Domestic Product and sustains the livelihood of over 85 percent of the rural population. Soil erosion, which has reached alarming proportions, is threatening this resource base. Despite being rated the most serious environmental problem, soil erosion research lags behind in the listing of agricultural research priorities, particularly with regard to factors influencing the implementation of soil conservation policy and legislation. This study aimed to assess the impact of such policy implementation on smallholder farmer soil conservation practices. A postal, self administered, structured questionnaire was used to interview twenty-three farmers and fourteen agricultural extension staff members. The questions were designed to assess the influence of their perceptions of soil erosion as a problem and its causes. They also sought to assess how effectively relevant policy had been implemented before and after independence. Socio-economic information was additionally elicited from the farmers. After preliminary analysis of these questionnaires, ten days was spent in the field verifying data collected. A Spearman's Rank correlation analysis at 95 percent confidence level was carried out between various components of the farmers' socioeconomic profile data and their responses to the perception questions. Perceptions regarding different aspects of soil erosion and conservation were found to be influenced by the sex, age and educational level of respondents. The study revealed that both farmers and extension staff perceived soil erosion as a problem, had a sound knowledge of the mechanics of the process and attributed it to anthropogenic factors. While both farmers and extension staff attributed declining yields and fertility to accelerated soil erosion, they appeared to have difficulty in identifying physical indicators of such activity in the field. The study also revealed that both believed the top-down approach of the pre-independence period and the post-independence to 1990 period, had been partially effective. Since 1990, policy implementation has become more effective as a result of a more democratic governance and increased extension staff awareness of sustainability concepts which stress the need to incorporate the aspirations of farmers in a bottom-up implementation. This awareness led to the formulation of a new soil and water conservation policy in 1996 which ensures the voices of decision makers are taken into account in policy review. Once legislated, this policy bodes well for further improvements in soil conservation efforts in Malawi. However, the study also revealed that effective implementation of this policy will be dependent on the government providing adequate support and skills to both extension staff and farmers.
Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.
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Books on the topic "Kasungu agricultural development division"

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Nanthambwe, S. J. Land resources appraisal of Kasungu Agricultural Development Division. Lilongwe: Malawi Govt. Ministry of Agriculture, Land Husbandry Branch, 1992.

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Lorkeers, Aloys. Land resources appraisal of Lilongwe Agricultural Development Division. Lilongwe: Malawi Govt. Ministry of Agriculture, Land Husbandry Branch, 1991.

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Paris, S. Land resources appraisal of Mzuzu Agricultural Development Division. Lilongwe: Malawi Govt. Mimistry [sic] of Agriculture, Land Husbandry Branch, 1991.

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Division, Ngabu Agricultural Development. Annotated bibliography on Ngabu Agricultural Development Division periodicals. [Zomba, Malawi?: s.n., 1989.

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Paris, S. Land resources appraisal of Blantyre Agricultural Development Division. Lilongwe: Malawi Govt. Mimistry [sic] of Agriculture, Land Husbandry Branch, 1991.

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Venema, J. H. Land resources appraisal of Ngabu Agricultural Development Division. Lilongwe: Malawi Govt. Ministry of Agriculture, Land Husbandry Branch, 1991.

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Lorkeers, Aloys. Land resources appraisal of Salima Agricultural Development Division. Lilongwe: Malawi Govt. Ministry of Agriculture, Land Husbandry Branch, 1992.

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Venema, J. H. Land resources appraisal of Liwonde Agricultural Development Division. Lilongwe: Malawi Govt. Ministry of Agriculture, Land Husbandry Branch, 1991.

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Kashitigu, Alexander Semu. Library re-organization at Ngabu ADD. [Malawi: s.n., 1993.

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Kaunda, J. B. Mayuyuka. Malawi: Development policy and the centralised state : a study of Liwonde Agricultural Development Division. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Kasungu agricultural development division"

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Huang, Yuqin. "Some Do This, Some Do That: Gender, Generation, Labour Division and Agricultural Development in the Reform Era." In Transforming the Gendered Organisation of Labour and Leisure, 133–49. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6438-3_7.

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"Transfer of Agricultural Labor Force and Division of Labor Among Farmers." In Rural Reform and Development, 205–19. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811204760_0008.

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Berry, Christopher J. "5. Making and working." In Adam Smith: A Very Short Introduction, 60–79. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198784456.003.0005.

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‘Making and working’ describes the organization of the Wealth of Nations, which provides an account of economic growth or development that also accounts for the increase in social and individual well-being. Smith identified four types of society, developing through hunter, shepherd, agricultural, and commercial stages. The division of labour is discussed, along with the relation between price and value. Labour, land, and stock comprise the three components of the natural price. In the form of wages, rent, and profit this provides Smith with a basic division of income sources, establishing three corresponding ‘orders of people’—workers, merchants or manufacturers, and renters/farmers—each an equal component of society, but with differing relationships to the public or general interest.
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Polishchuk, Rostyslav. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS IN PARALLEL WITH THE FORMS OF AXIAL PRODUCTIVITY OF SOCIETY." In Integration of traditional and innovative scientific researches: global trends and regional aspect. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-001-8-3-4.

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This article describes the hypothesis that sport originated and developed with forms of axial performance. It is noted that the physical education tradition was formed and modernized according to the axial principles of development of each era. What determines the transition of society from one level of development to another? Among the many reasons, the most important are socio-cultural revolutions, such as agricultural, industrial and scientific information. That is, it is progress, certain evolutionary steps that affect the development of society as a whole. We propose to consider the concept of axial time for each era (a combination of axial and wave approaches), ie the axial principle and the impact of human civilization on the formation and formation of physical education and sports culture. D. Bell considers the "axial principle" of the division of civilization "axis of production" and the knowledge used. For example, for industrial society such a criterion is the use of machines for the production of goods, and for post-industrial - scientific and primarily theoretical knowledge (which is a strategic resource, the axial principle of society). According to our concept, the whole historical process can be divided into large stages. The change of each of them is a change of the basic qualitative characteristics of the corresponding step of the historical process. The concept of the principle of axial productivity is not only production, but also the formation of a new worldview, which can be such a basis that describes the great qualitative steps in the development of world history. The revolution in the worldview is an integral part of the historical process. With its help there are profound qualitative changes in socio-cultural life, in political and economic relations, the public consciousness changes. In these periods, socio-cultural relations, on the one hand, are approaching the leading productive forces, and on the other hand, they themselves create a new level, which gives impetus to generate new worldview principles. Worldview trends were the guiding factor first in the formation and then the transformation of the system of physical education, physical culture and sports. Each stage of such development was permeated with the spirit of the corresponding cultural and historical epoch. It is emphasized that compared to the sport of the last century, the sport of the XXI century will develop much faster and more powerfully, and its main task will be to take care of leisure and human health in the economic globalization of the information society.
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Higgins, E. Tory. "The Roots of Human Shared Reality." In Shared Reality, 79–104. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190948054.003.0005.

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Human evolution has been described as the development of our special intelligence. From Homo erectus, we evolved into Homo sapiens (archaic sapien) around 200,000 years ago, then into Homo sapiens sapiens (modern sapien) around 30,000 to 50,000 years ago—human beings becoming “wise” (sapiens) and then “the wisest of the wise” (sapiens sapiens). But human evolution is also a story about evolving motivation and, especially, evolving shared realities. Around a million years ago, Homo erectus learned to control fire that extended the day and changed the social interactions that were possible at night. In addition, learning to cook with fire led to division of labor and new shared coordinated roles. More generally, the new tools, practices, and technologies became sufficiently complex that they needed to be taught by an expert to a learner—shared reality creation from the teacher–learner relationship. Fast forward to modern sapiens who lived in organized settlements and traded with other communities over long distances. This required trust, which required shared beliefs (e.g., common gods). The ability to share myths is also found when a language community agrees upon the (arbitrary) names for things. Finally, in the Agricultural Revolution around 10,000 years ago, domestication of animals and plants increased the food supply that allowed great civilizations to emerge. For cooperation and coordination to succeed in such large populations, there needs to be laws and religions—shared realities—that support a hierarchical organization of rulers, craftsman, and commoners. Thus, the shared realties needed by great civilizations created social classes.
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Chu, C. Y. Cyrus. "Population Dynamics in the Very Long Run." In Population Dynamics. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195121582.003.0020.

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In the last chapter we reviewed the role of population in early economic development. In that ancient period, mortality was significantly affected by exogenous shocks such as famines, epidemics, floods, droughts, and various other direct or indirect environmental uncertainties, and parents’ preferences for children were by and large checked by natural constraints. Not until the last three centuries have human beings been able to make significant progress in hygiene and medical knowledge, progress which has facilitated the recent sharp increase in human population. In the twentieth century, the life expectancy of human beings in many areas of the world has more than doubled compared to the numbers two hundred years ago. Moreover, advanced radar facilities have been able to forecast extreme weather conditions, satellites are able to detect the locations of natural resources accurately, advanced agricultural technology makes barren land cultivable, and computers have also made possible many complex jobs. All these technological advances have increased the welfare of human beings and appear to have pushed back the exogenous constraints we face. As I mentioned in chapter 13, with the support of a sufficiently large population size, the division of labor becomes ever finer, and more and more labor can be devoted to the research and development sector, which in turn facilitates the various technological advances. These advanced technologies are endogenously determined by entrepreneurs, in sharp contrast to the situation in ancient times when the existing technology constituted the natural exogenous limit to population growth. As Romer (1990) pointed out, since knowledge has the nonrivalry property, the societal production technology (which embodies the available knowledge frontier) may naturally have the property of increasing returns with respect to physical resource inputs. As a result, the natural-resource carrying capacity constraint becomes relatively inessential. Then it seems that infinite economic growth can be compatible with any size of population without ever being restricted by exogenous checks. Some environmental economists have challenged the above optimistic prediction. They argue that economic development in fact has gradually damaged the environment and eventually will hurt the economy. Those challenges, however, have never been serious enough to fully counter the above-mentioned infinite-growth argument.
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Conference papers on the topic "Kasungu agricultural development division"

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Yelvington, Paul E., John M. Gattoni, Kyle I. Merical, and Andrew L. Carpenter. "A Biogas-Tolerant Engine-Generator for Advanced Agricultural Waste Management." In ASME 2015 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2015-1130.

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Anaerobic digesters are capable of producing methane-rich biogas from animal manure and also offer the advantages of controlling odors, reducing pathogens, and minimizing the environmental impact of the waste. Unfortunately, biogas is contaminated with hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a highly corrosive gas that is not compatible with many stock engine component materials. As a result, conventional engines can fail after several months of exposure to raw biogas. No small or medium piston engine-generators (<100 kWe) are currently available that can use this fuel without pretreatment to remove the H2S — a process that adds complexity, cost, consumables, and maintenance. As a result, many smaller digester installations simply flare the biogas rather than extracting any useful work from the fuel. Mainstream Engineering is developing a biogas-tolerant engine-generator (BTEG) that can use raw biogas without pretreatment to remove H2S. The development program involved a combination of approaches — materials replacement, coatings, engine control strategy changes, lubrication system changes, and additional sensors. A prototype 25 kW BTEG has been developed using a Ford DSG 2.3 L natural gas engine as the demonstration platform. In this paper, we report on performance testing of the baseline unmodified engine-generator and the BTEG. Measurements of fuel consumption, exhaust temperature, in-cylinder pressure, and exhaust gaseous emissions were made using several synthetic biogas mixtures (60–80% CH4/balance CO2) and pure methane. Because the methane fraction in biogas can change with digester conditions and weather — a method of estimating the biogas composition on the fly and adjusting the spark timing to compensate for the variability has been demonstrated. We also report on limited (100 hr) durability testing of the modified engine using fuel containing 3,000 ppmv of H2S. During this test, the oil was analyzed to track acidification of the engine oil and monitor the accumulation of sulfur or any wear metals.
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Taha, Ahmed A., Tarek Abdel-Salam, and Madhu Vellakal. "Hydrogen, Biodiesel and Ethanol for Internal Combustion Engines: A Review Paper." In ASME 2015 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2015-1011.

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Alternative fuels research has been on going for well over many years at a number of institutions. Driven by oil price and consumption, engine emissions and climate change, along with the lack of sustainable fossil fuels, transportation sector has generated an interest in alternative, renewable sources of fuel for internal combustion engines. The focus has ranged from feed stock optimization to engine-out emissions, performance and durability. Biofuels for transportation sector, including alcohols (ethanol, methanol…etc.), biodiesel, and other liquid and gaseous fuels such as methane and hydrogen, have the potential to displace a considerable amount of petroleum-based fuels around the world. First generation biofuels are produced from sugars, starches, or vegetable oils. On the contrary, the second generation biofuels are produced from cellulosic materials, agricultural wastes, switch grasses and algae rather than sugar and starch. By not using food crops, second generation biofuel production is much more sustainable and has a lower impact on food production. Also known as advanced biofuels, the second-generation biofuels are still in the development stage. Combining higher energy yields, lower requirements for fertilizer and land, and the absence of competition with food, second generation biofuels, when available at prices equivalent to petroleum derived products, offer a truly sustainable alternative for transportation fuels. There are main four issues related to alternative fuels: production, transportation, storage, handling and usage. This paper presents a review of recent literature related to the alternative fuels usage and the impact of these fuels on fuel injection systems, and fuel atomization and sprays for both spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines. Effect of these renewable fuels on both internal flow and external flow characteristics of the fuel injector will be presented.
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Podciborski, Tomasz. "A Method for Evaluating and Principles for Developing a Map of the Productive Potential of Agricultural Land." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.226.

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Crop production is a highly complex process. It requires comprehensive knowledge about natural phenomena and agronomic treatments that provide plans with optimal conditions for growth and development. Crop yield is influenced by a variety of environmental factors, including availability of water, temperature and light. The main anthropogenic element in crop production is the shape of the plot which is determined by the land division plan. Farmers also have to undertake the relevant measures to ensure the appropriate soil pH, soil structure, nutrient content and microbial activity. The main objective of this study was to develop a method and principles for evaluating the productive potential of agricultural land, and to compile a map presenting the productive potential of agricultural land. The main aim was achieved through detailed goals. Model evaluation indicators and criteria, the sources of information used in the evaluation process as well as the stages of and principles for developing a map of the productive potential of agricultural land were described. The results of an evaluation performed on a selected research site were presented in graphical form in the Conclusions section.
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Jasinska, Elžbieta. "Land Use Efficiency on Example of the Transformation of Rural Properties." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.197.

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Appropriate use of the economic potential of the property is a challenge not only for planners and local authorities, it is also important for the individual owners. The biggest changes will result from changes in local planning, mainly from the conversion of agricultural land for residential purposes. However, legislative changes were created to protect this type of land against uncontrolled rotation. The changes made in recent years, complicated, or even impossible so far used the process of buying and subsequent conversion of the property, to the needs of the real estate market premises or services. The article presents the ideas of Land Use Efficiency on the example of transformation of agricultural real estate in the property held for development. Example simulations are an empirical transformation or division of property to sell them for housing purposes. These examples illustrated in the example of land developing, for whom the lack of local development plans or plans are developed recently. For this purpose, a qualitative and quantitative approaches, including decision trees to determine the criteria for the formation of real estate prices. The author draws attention to the possibility of the development of non-urbanized areas and the potential costs and financial returns resulting therefrom.
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An, H. T., S. Houchaimi, C. T. Burkhart, and M. J. Schertzer. "DNA Ligation on a Digital Microfluidic Device." In ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2020-1028.

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Abstract This investigation demonstrates that digital microfluidic platforms are suitable for automated DNA ligation. Multiple DNA ligation steps are required to create DNA products using oligonucleotide synthesis. Unfortunately, traditional methods of oligonucleotide synthesis are unable to create highly accurate, long DNA products. This leads to a supply-side bottleneck that puts a drag on innovation in drug development, organism engineering, and agricultural improvement. Here we demonstrate ligation of two DNA products into one DNA product in digital microfluidic devices that manipulate droplets in air and in oil. Results from the gel electrophoresis imaging confirmed that ligation on digital microfluidics devices was successful in all cases. Silicone oil experiments also verified that on-chip incubation of DNA ligation is possible on these devices using an external resistive heater. This suggests that large-scale DMF automation of DNA synthesis can be used to alleviate the bottleneck created by the lack of efficient, high-volume production of long change DNA products. Such an advancement would be highly valued for a wide variety of biomedical applications.
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Han, Xiao, and Ning Zhang. "Impacts of Industrial Fresh Water Withdrawals on Calcaiseu Lake Hydrodynamics and Salinity Concentration." In ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2016-7902.

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In the authors’ previous study, vegetation information was utilized into a hydrodynamic model to predict the flooding coverage and damage to the wetlands in a major water system in southwest Louisiana, the Calcasieu Lake water system. In this study, the target area is extended, ranging from the city of Lake Charles as the north end to the Gulf of Mexico as the south end, including Lake Charles, Calcasieu Lake, Prien Lake, Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (GIWW) and the entire Calcasieu Ship Channel. Measured vegetation data is utilized in the vegetated areas and appropriate friction values are assigned to different types of non-vegetated areas. Salinity is important to aquatic life. It can impact agricultural production, water quality and streams, biodiversity and infrastructure. In this study, both hydrodynamic and salinity transport simulations are conducted. Measurement data from NOAA and USGS are used as boundary conditions. Simulation results were compared with NOAA and USGS data in several other locations. Lake Charles is one of the largest petrochemical industry centers in the country. Numerous plants use tremendous amount of fresh surface water in the area. Recent expansions of several companies increase the fresh water withdraws from the system significantly. One of the purposes of the study is to investigate the effects of increased water withdraw on the hydrodynamics and salinity in the system. The industrial water withdrawals could be from the Calcasieu River in the north of Lake Charles, which is the north boundary of the simulation domain. Cases of different reduced flow rates at Lake Charles were tested, and the effects on hydrodynamics and salinity concentrations and distributions were analyzed. The results can be used as a guideline for industrial and city development in the areas.
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7

Chudnovsky, B., G. Jinjikhashvily, Y. Schweitzer, A. Talanker, and R. Meir. "Mitigation of Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Coal Power Stations." In ASME 2005 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pwr2005-50037.

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Coal fired power stations are among factors mostly polluting atmosphere by greenhouse gases, especially by CO2. Strong efforts are done to reduce this pollution, increasing the generation efficiency by gasification of coal, development of super -critical power units and so on. For the existing power station good results may be achieved by simultaneous optimization of the operation condition including proper choice of the fired coal. An analysis of data collected in IEC, where more than 60% of electricity is generated in coal fired units, makes it possible to explore dependence of greenhouse gases emissions (CO2, SO2, NOx,) on the fired coals composition and operation condition. As a tool for the above data analysis computer technique, created in IEC, was used. The technique is based on a modular numerical model including elements corresponding to furnace, boiler, turbine and the whole power unit. It permits to reveal the influence of the coal composition on the boiler and the whole unit performance, as well as on the pollutant emissions. The technique application permitted to separate impact of the two factors: the coal composition and operation conditions on specific emissions of the pollutants. The main result of the study is that the optimization of operation condition while proper choice of the coal provides decrease of pollutants emissions. 2. Bioconversion of CO2 emitted by power stations by intensive photosynthesis is one of the mostly efficient ways for carbon emissions mitigation, especially in countries with high solar activity. Agricultural projects based on CO2 enrichment by flue gases -greenhouses, water ponds for macro and micro algae growing, forests, citrus orchards and other biological systems, if placed in the neighborhood of the coal-fired power stations with high content of CO2 in the flue gases, can be profitable also because of use of cheap low-potential heat and the station infrastructure. Efforts for removal of pollutant components of the flue gases will be compensated by high CO2 content. First steps in this direction have been done by IEC in collaboration with MATI Lev-ha-Galil, Hishtil Nurseries, ARO and IOLR, with support of the R&D Division of the Ministry of the National Infrastructure and showed feasibility of the proposal.
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