Journal articles: 'Kasungu agricultural development division'

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Mgomezulu, Wisdom Richard, Abdi-Khalil Edriss, and Kennedy Machila. "Impact of Gliricidia Fertilizer Tree Technology on Smallholder Farmers Economic Livelihood in Malawi: Case of Kasungu District." Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no. 6 (November 29, 2018): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v11n6p162.

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Agriculture plays a huge role in farmer’s livelihoods in Africa. With the adverse effect of climate change on agricultural productivity, developing agricultural technologies that are adaptive to climate change is one of the perquisites for agricultural development. Gliricidia intercropping is one of the climate smart agricultural innovations; that is being promoted by most researchers. Gliricidia intercropping has many benefits. Despite evidence of such benefits, there exists some missing literature on the impact of Gliricidia intercropping on farmer’s economic livelihoods. The study used cross sectional data collected by ICRAF in Kasungu district which sampled 406 households and employed a Propensity Score Matching method to analyze the effect of Gliricidia intercropping on smallholder farmer’s incomes. Results showed that among the observable factors used to match participants and non-participants, hired labour, age, education level, soil type, perception of soil fertility and access to extension services significantly affected participation in Gliricidia intercropping. The Average Treatment Effect on the Treated showed that Gliricidia intercropping improves the economic livelihoods of farmers by increasing household monthly income by MWK 38,565.83 ($54) at 1 percent significant level. The study went further to conduct sensitivity analysis using the Rosenbaum bounds, and found that unobserved heterogeneity has to increase the odds ratio of participating in Gliricidia intercropping by 10-60 percent before it can negate the estimated ATT. The study then recommends promoting the adoption of Gliricidia intercropping by capitalizing on the factors that influence participation or adoption of Gliricidia intercropping in order to improve smallholder farmers’ incomes and hence their livelihoods.

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Kenette, FRU MBANGARI, Hensel FONGANG FOUEPE Guillaume, and FRU FONTEH Mathias. "Role of farmers organizations to agricultural development in Mezam Division, Cameroon." Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development 11, no. 8 (August 31, 2019): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jaerd2018.1069.

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DAREKAR, A. S., S. B. DATARKAR, R. B. HILE, and K. H. PARSHURAMKAR. "Inter-district disparities in agricultural development in Amravati division of Maharashtra." AGRICULTURE UPDATE 9, no. 3 (August 15, 2014): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/au/9.3/327-332.

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Safalaoh, Andrew, Kinsley Jesemani, and Richard Phoya. "A survey of broiler production in the Blantyre Agricultural Development Division, Malawi." Development Southern Africa 15, no. 2 (June 1998): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359808440008.

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Deo, Hemant, and Helen Irvine. "Power and knowledge in the Agricultural Lending Division of the Fiji Development Bank." Asian Review of Accounting 14, no. 1/2 (March 2006): 66–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13217340610729473.

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Хаялеева, Chulpan Khayaleeva, Ханнанов, Marat Khannanov, Мусташкина, and Daniya Mustashkina. "Marketing as a prerequisite for sustainable development of the agrarian market." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 9, no. 3 (December 14, 2014): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/6496.

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The article considers marketing as a method of organization and management of agricultural production; marketing models formation, taking into account the specificity of agricultural production; variants of market division into segments, identifying the consumer for cost effectiveness.

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Kimengsi, Jude Ndzifon, and Joseph Ngong Tosam. "Climate Variability and Cocoa Production in Meme Division of Cameroon: Agricultural Development Policy options." Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 8 (August 20, 2013): 606–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15580/gjas.2013.3.022713505.

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Газетдинов, Миршарип, Mirsharip Gazetdinov, Ольга Семичева, Ol'ga Semicheva, Жансая Абилдаева, and Zhansaya Abildaeva. "METHODICAL ASPECTS OF OPTIMIZATION OF RICE PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT IN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 12, no. 3 (January 11, 2018): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a1d9da667a530.97812055.

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The article considers methodical aspects of rice production planning in agricultural enterprises. The existence of a multitude development options for the rice production is affirmed, and in this connection the necessity of its optimal industrial structure is justified. The relationship between the distribution and specialization of agricultural production, as two different sides of the same process, is shown, the intertwining of natural and economic conditions, the uneven use of labor resources and fixed productive assets, that determine the territorial division of labor in agriculture and whose existence necessitates a combination of industries that are rational selection of crops and their varieties.

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Azid, Toseef, and Muhammad Akbar Noor. "Investment, Hysteresis, and Layers of Techniques: A Case Study of Agricultural Manufacturing Machinery in Multan Division." Pakistan Development Review 38, no. 4II (December 1, 1999): 1117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v38i4iipp.1117-1132.

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The behaviour of firms is still a little understood matter. Why one firm or industry is investing more than the other or what makes a firm enter or exit from the market, what are the psychological factors that go to make a choice of this kind are questions that have not been answered satisfactorily. Concepts like irreversibility, uncertainty, investment, and the value of waiting are very much there in the literature, e.g., McDonald and Siegel (1985, 1986); Nickell (1974); Schmalensee (1972); Hartman (1972); Henry (1974) and LAM (1989) and others. But the psychology of decision-making on the face of losses has not received much attention in the literature. That the Economic Hysteresis1 and Layers of Techniques2, developed by Professor A. Dixit and Professor P. N. Mathur respectively tackle. The former is discussed by Pindyck (1988, 1991, 1992) and Dixit (1989, 1989a, 1991, 1992); while Mathur (1977, 1989, 1990); Law and Azid (1993); Azid and Ghosh (1998) and Rashid (1989,1989a) have discussed the latter.

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Wójcik, Grażyna, and Przemysław Leń. "Spatial development of agricultural land division throughout the ages in villages of the Opoczno County." Geomatics and Environmental Engineering 9, no. 3 (2015): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/geom.2015.9.3.95.

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Stacherzak, Agnieszka, and Maria Hełdak. "Borough Development Dependent on Agricultural, Tourism, and Economy Levels." Sustainability 11, no. 2 (January 15, 2019): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11020415.

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The study addresses the problem of functional transformations covering rural and urban-rural municipalities in Lower Silesia voivodship, according to the adopted functional typology of municipalities. The division of municipalities into functional types is a continuation of the research conducted in 1996, 2005, and 2010. The year 2016 was adopted as the base year for comparison, using the same criteria for their classification: the level of industrialization, the structure of the economy, and the level of tourist infrastructure development. The statistical analysis carried out within the framework of the study covered changes in the municipalities’ proportions of particular functional types between 1996, 2005, and 2016 and also the impact assessment of the quality of agricultural area and unemployment rate in relation to the determined municipality type. In order to obtain the research results, the statistical analysis using Cochran’s Q test was, among others, performed to determine changes in the proportions of municipalities and also one-way analysis of variance between groups was conducted to establish the indicated correlations. In the case of obtaining a statistically significant result, paired comparisons were carried out (between the types of municipalities) using Hommel’s procedure. The conducted analysis confirmed the adopted research theses, i.e., in the studied period from 1996 to 2016, the majority of the analyzed regions lost their agricultural function in favor of the industrial function.

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Hoque, MA, and MA Hossain. "Design and development of a turmeric polisher." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 16, no. 2 (August 23, 2018): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v16i2.37986.

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Dried turmeric rhizomes are generally polished to remove the outer dirty skins, roots and soil, and to transform them to relatively smooth, bright and yellowish rhizomes. In farm level, turmeric polishing is carried out manually following conventional methods, which are slow, tedious and labor-intensive operation. To overcome these problems, a medium-size turmeric polisher was designed and fabricated in Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering (FMPE) Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during 2013–14. Length, width and height of the polisher were 1040 mm, 850 mm and 1450 mm, respectively. Weight of the turmeric polisher was 90 kg. A 0.37-kW single-phase induction-type electric motor was used as the source of power for operating the polisher. The polisher was tested in FMPE Division, Regional Spices Research Station (RSRS), Magura and Hill Agricultural Research Station (HARS), Khagrachari. The polisher took 25 minutes to polish a batch of 30 kg dried turmeric. The price of the polisher was Tk 30000. The average cost of polishing by the polisher was Tk 1.42 per kilogram turmeric against the hand beating polishing cost of Tk 5.12 per kilogram. The polisher can save 81% time and 78% cost of polishing than that of hand beating method. Payback period of the polisher is 97 hours. Therefore, the polisher can be recommended for turmeric polishing in Bangladesh as well as for other turmeric growing countries.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 303-308, August 2018

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Leniowski, Konrad, and Ewa Węgrzyn. "Equal division of parental care enhances nestling development in the Blackcap." PLOS ONE 13, no. 11 (November 27, 2018): e0207757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207757.

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Wen, Yaping, Liangming Feng, and Weiping Liu. "Behavioral Ability and Division of Forestry Production of Households——Data From Fujian Province in China." E3S Web of Conferences 214 (2020): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021401009.

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Division of labor can increase labor productivity. Compared with the division of agricultural production, the division of forestry production has a typical positive externality. It is more scientific to study the division of labor in forestry production. Under the “Three Powers Separated” structure, the behavioral capacity of farmers has an important influence on the division of forestry production. This paper uses the survey data of farmers in Fujian Province to analyze the farmer’s forestry production division of labor behavior from three perspectives of the behavioral ability, the transaction ability and the disposal ability. The results show that the variable of “the contracting right is more important than the management right” in the measure exclusive ability and the difficulty in obtaining transaction information on forestlands to measure the trading capacity, both positively affects farmers’ participation in the division of forestry production. Meanwhile, whether has changed the use of forestlands negatively influences the division of the forestry production. This not only enriches the research results of the forestry production division of labor theory, but also provides a new perspective for promoting the development of the forestry production division of farmers, and thus provides a new source for improving the efficiency of forestry management. It helps promote the connection between small farmers and the development of modern forestry.

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Sivaraman, Vijay, and Rob U. Onyenwoke. "Calcium Signaling Derangement and Disease Development and Progression." Biology 10, no. 4 (April 2, 2021): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10040291.

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The importance of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) in regulating integral biological functions such as cell division, cell motility, autophagy, apoptosis and gene transcription through its capacity as a ubiquitous second messenger is clear [...]

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Bayliss, K. L., J. M. Wroth, and W. A. Cowling. "Pro-embryos of Lupinus spp. produced from isolated microspore culture." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, no. 5 (2004): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03226.

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Several species of lupin (Lupinus spp.) are grown in Australia as crop and pasture plants. Lupin breeding, and legume breeding in general, is constrained by the inability to produce doubled haploid (DH) plants, which would accelerate the selection and release of new varieties. This technology is still in the developmental phase for legumes, although other major grain crops such as wheat, barley, and canola successfully use DHs on a commercial scale. A new, reproducible method of microspore culture that leads to cell division and pro-embryos in lupin is reported here. Microspores at the late uninucleate stage of development are mechanically isolated from lupin buds and embryogenesis induced by a combined heat shock and sucrose starvation stress treatment. Addition of further components to the growth medium promotes division of up to 50% of microspores to ≥16 cells within 24 h. Further development of these multicellular structures or pro-embryos appears to be limited by the rigid outer exine layer, which needs to rupture for continued cell division to the globular embryo stage. Further research is required to break this barrier to development of haploid lupin embryos.

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17

Botha, D. P. "A PERSPECTIVE ON PARTIAL AND TOTAL PRODUCTIVITY AS MEASURED AT TSB—AGRICULTURAL DIVISION." Agrekon 31, no. 4 (December 1992): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03031853.1992.9524700.

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Kim, Jinwoo, Jason E. Heindl, and Clay Fuqua. "Coordination of Division and Development Influences Complex Multicellular Behavior in Agrobacterium tumefaciens." PLoS ONE 8, no. 2 (February 20, 2013): e56682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056682.

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19

Lock, Judith E. "Transgenerational effects of parent and grandparent gender on offspring development in a biparental beetle species." Biology Letters 8, no. 3 (November 16, 2011): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0920.

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Parental effects on offspring life-history traits are common and increasingly well-studied. However, the extent to which these effects persist into offspring in subsequent generations has received less attention. In this experiment, maternal and paternal effects on offspring and grand-offspring were investigated in the biparental burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides , using a split-family design. This allowed the separation of prenatal and postnatal transgenerational effects. Grandparent and parent gender were found to have a cumulative effect on offspring development and may provide a selection pressure on the division of parental investment in biparental species.

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Abdullah Al Mamun, Md, Syed Mahbubur Rahman, Md Nezam Uddin, Md Sultan-Ul-Islam, Khairul Arifin M. N., and Syed Mustafizur Rahman. "Rainfall And Drought Tendencies In Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 14, no. 1 (April 5, 2021): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2020-124.

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Insufficient rainfall results in water shortage and eventually leads to drought. This research has investigated drought by utilizing standardize precipitation index in monthly mean rainfall data for 30 years from 1988 to 2017 in Rajshahi division, a region in the northwestern part of Bangladesh. Estimated indices have identified that the years 1992, 1994, 2006, and 2012 experienced moderate to severe droughts, and the year 2010 suffered from extreme drought. Non-parametric and linear trend analyses have shown that the number of draughts in the study area has been growing. The study area is thus judged as moving forward to experience more droughts from lack of water due to rainfall deficit, especially during monsoon. This region has already started to experience a shortage of rainwater, approximately 18%, in the monsoon season. This shortage is likely to affect the volume of surface water and thus the groundwater recharging, which would distort irrigation for agriculture in the region. This work would therefore assist in policy-making addressing the watering system of the region to ensure smooth agricultural production.

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von Braun, Joachim. "The Impact of New Crop Technology on the Agricultural Division of Labor in a West African Setting." Economic Development and Cultural Change 37, no. 3 (April 1989): 513–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/451740.

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22

McMurray, Michael A., and Jeremy Thorner. "Septin Stability and Recycling during Dynamic Structural Transitions in Cell Division and Development." Current Biology 18, no. 16 (August 2008): 1203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.07.020.

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23

Altukhov, A. I. "AGRICULTURAL DIVISION INTO DISTRICTS IS A BASIS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCHEME OF PLACEMENT AND SPECIALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE." Экономика сельского хозяйства России, no. 8 (2018): 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32651/2070-0288-2018-8-2-11.

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Forgha, Njimanted, Mbohjim Mobit, and Dinah Phungeh. "Mideno’s Schemes as Agent of Rural Agricultural Development: The Case of Maize Production in Mezam Division in Cameroon." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 4, no. 4 (January 10, 2015): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2015/7480.

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Ngugi, George, and Gatu Mbaria. "Sustainability in agricultural development: Evaluation of environmental impacts of large‐scale coffee enterprises in Kiambaa division, central Kenya." International Journal of Environmental Health Research 5, no. 1 (March 1995): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603129509356829.

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Adrimas, Adrimas, Harif Amali Rivai, and Dewi Sartika. "Analysis of Economic Growth and Structural Changes and the Implication for Choice of Development Strategy: A Case Study of Pasaman Regency." Journal of Social Sciences Research, no. 511 (November 25, 2019): 1649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.511.1649.1656.

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The average economic growth rate of Pasaman Regency before the administrative division (1993-2002) was 5.8%, then after the division increased slightly to an average of 5.9%. This figure is far lower than the rate of growth of the New Autonomous Region of West Pasaman Regency (6.4 %). After the division, agricultural and mining sectors became more dominant in the economy of Pasaman making up 54.6% but the contribution of the manufacturing sector declined sharply from 10.3% to 4.6% as most of the existing Pasaman processing industry became part of West Pasaman. The comparative advantages of Pasaman Regency are mainly in the sectors: agriculture, forestry and freshwater fisheries. The district’s economic growth is mainly influenced by factors originating from outside the region as indicated by the relatively high regional-share component of 159%. While regional division has benefited West Pasaman, it has provided no significant benefit for the parent region which can still be categorized as underdeveloped. An analysis of the Klassen Typology Matrix indicates that policies and programs that are relevant for the development of disadvantaged areas should be directed at providing employment through the use of labor-intensive technologies. This development should focus on agriculture, forestry and freshwater fisheries producing products with a significantly extensive market.

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Shang, Chunrong. "RURAL MARRIED WOMEN’S NON-AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT AND RURAL HOUSEHOLDS’ LAND SUBCONTRACTING." Journal of Asian Rural Studies 2, no. 2 (July 10, 2018): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jars.v2i2.1428.

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Rural households’ land subcontracting is analyzed in this paper based on the survey of rural migrant workers from Guangdong and Jiangsu, finding that the labor migration mode of “migrant couples going out to work together” (men workers and women workers) has improved the lagging non - agricultural employment of rural women to a certain extent. Non - agricultural employment of men does not necessarily lead to the transfer of land that achieves an increase with the increase of non - agricultural employment of married women. As a result, the original family division (“men to work while women to farm”) is evolved into the intergenerational division (“men and women to work while the elderly to farm”). The agricultural labor supply from the elderly is an important factor influencing rural households’ concurrent business, while the lack of strong labor will become an important reason for the transfer of land. The agricultural feminization and rural households’ concurrent business will decline with an increase in non-agricultural employment of married women. The differentiation of rural households and the development of rural land-transfer market will be further promoted due to the improvement of non-agricultural employment of married women.

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Burton, Rob J. F., and Nigel Walford. "Multiple succession and land division on family farms in the South East of England: A counterbalance to agricultural concentration?" Journal of Rural Studies 21, no. 3 (July 2005): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2005.04.004.

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Eastin, Katherine J., Austin P. Huang, and Patrick M. Ferree. "A novel pattern of germ cell divisions in the production of hymenopteran insect eggs." Biology Letters 16, no. 5 (May 2020): 20200137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2020.0137.

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Egg development is a defining process of reproduction in higher eukaryotes. In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster , this process begins with four mitotic divisions starting from a single germ cell, producing a cyst of 16 cystocytes; one of these cells will become the oocyte and the others supporting nurse cells. These mitotic divisions are exceptional because cytokinesis is incomplete, resulting in the formation of cytoplasmic bridges known as ring canals that interconnect the cystocytes. This organization allows all cystocytes to divide synchronously during each mitotic round, resulting in a final, power-of-2 number of germ cells. Given that numerous insects obey this power-of-2 rule, we investigated if strict cell doubling is a universal, underlying cause. Using confocal microscopy, we found striking departures from this paradigm in three different power-of-2 insects belonging to the Apocrita suborder (ants, bees and wasps). In these insects, the earliest-formed cystocytes cease to divide during the latter mitotic cycles while their descendants undergo further division, thereby producing a ‘radial’ direction of division activity. Such cystocyte division patterns that depart from strict cell doubling may be ‘fine-tuned’ in order to maintain a final, power-of-2 germ cell number.

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Pavlidis, Teoharis, Milena Ilieva, Sonja Bencheva, and Jordanka Stancheva. "Researches on wood-destroying fungi division Ascomycota, classis Ascomycetes." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 109 (2005): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn0519143p.

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Orchards aging and agrotechnical cares reduction have led to suitable development conditions of a large number of wood-destroying fungi that had never been a problem for the intensive fruit growing. This caused the necessity of their study in the main orchard regions of our country. The research was conducted from 2003 to 2005 on the basis of expeditionary-geographical method. Twelve species of wood destroying Ascomycota fungi have been identified. Both their parasitic activity degree and phylogenetic and ontogenetic specialization level have been defined. Species with mutual hosts - fruit or forest trees have been found. That fact makes possible the infection accumulation and transfer from forest to agricultural ecosystems which is of considerable importance for the mountain fruit growing.

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Łuniewski, Łukasz, and Barbara Gołębiewska. "SOURCES OF FINANCING AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES IN DAIRY FARMS WITH DIFFERENT SCALES OF COW REARING." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXIII, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.0029.

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The aim of the research was to evaluate the sources of financing agricultural activities in farms specialized in milk production. The subject of research was a group of family farms located in the Podlaskie and Mazowieckie voivodeships (provinces). The criterion for farm division was the number of cows in the basic herd. There was also an assessment of the most important factors conducive to the development of dairy farms. To do so, the opinions of dairy farmers were used, and their views in this regard were expressed on a five-point Likert scale. The research was conducted on a sample of 100 farms in 2021. The interpretation of the results was made in relation to the criterion adopted in the division of farms into quartiles. It was found that the main source of financing activities in dairy farms was own funds. The highest share of farms using commercial loans was in the group of farms with the largest number of cows. With an increase in the number of cows in a herd, the area of farms increased, which is understandable due to the need to produce roughage. The most important factors influencing the development possibilities of agricultural holdings were the uninterrupted collection of raw material and a stable milk purchase price, which guaranteed the farmers’ financial liquidity.

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Yang, D., and Z. Liu. " Study on Chinese farmer cooperative economy organization and agricultural specialization." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 58, No. 3 (April 3, 2012): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/17/2011-agricecon.

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 Under the background of the Chinese Household Contract Responsibility System (HCRS), farmers have to pay higher transaction costs and encounter a huge trading risk if they engage in agricultural production only through the market transaction. Since the special properties of agricultural production limit the formation and development of agricultural enterprises, farmer cooperative economy organizations with the main functional characteristics of transaction coordination begin to flourish. By building a new classical economics model, this paper demonstrates the theoretical assertion that the generation of a farmer cooperative economy organization is accompanied by the evolution of the division of labour, the improvement of farmers’ effectiveness and the development of agricultural specialization. Furthermore, this paper does an empirical analysis with the micro-survey data to verify this theoretical assertion. Therefore, this article effectively explains the generation condition of a farmer cooperative economy organization and the internal mechanism of how it promotes the development of agricultural specialization. So this paper provides a strong theoretical and practical evidence for the development of a farmer cooperative economy organization and agricultural specialization.    

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USUPOV, M. U. "ANALYSIS OF THE STATE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAIN INDICATORS OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE ECONOMY OF THE TOKTOGUL REGION OF KYRGYZSTAN." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, no. 11 (2020): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.11.02.009.

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The article is devoted to the state of the economy of the subject of the agricultural sector – the Toktogul region of Kyrgyzstan, as well as the formation of a land division, which is impossible without an influx of investments and ensuring the availability of monetary resources for agricultural producers. In our time, innovation is becoming the main means of increasing the benefits of economic entities by better meeting market demand and reducing production losses compared to competitors. Despite repeated attempts by the country to create a system of lending to agricultural companies, only a small percentage of them use credit resources. Various state aid schemes support a competitive environment in the money markets and guarantee relatively equal access to them for financial institutions and agricultural enterprises.

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Rahayu, Yuyun Puji, Maria Magdalena Semet, and Suryna Paembang. "Reposition of GRDP Sectors Before and After Regional Division in Manokwari." JEJAK 12, no. 2 (December 9, 2019): 345–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v12i2.21289.

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Regional expansion could be a strength to improve the performance of local governments and subsequently should have a positive impact, such as improving the welfare of the local community. Regional expansion also aims to make governments at regional level to be more focused on escalating potential sectors in their regions. This study analyzes the repositioning of the GRDP contributing sector before and after expansion between two regency regions in 2010-2017, one parental Regency and one area that is separated from its parental. Repositioned sectors show the influence of an area in terms of its wealth of the resources as basis sector. The research method uses Location Quotient (LQ) and Shift Share analysis. Results of this study show that before and after expansion of districts into new regency, agricultural sector has declined in the contribution of GRDP. But after the expansion, the sectors with the best economic performance are the construction, administration and trade & repair sectors. In addition, agricultural sector to some extent has been decreased in the two regions. But at the same time, agricultural sector become leading sector in the new region with slow growth. Implication of this study is that the division of regions would not create new leading sector if the potential sector in a new region is the leading sector in the older region. Therefore, policy making which ensure basic sectors to have positive proportional shift and differential shift could drive economic development planning in both regions.

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Stuparević, Igor, Ana Novačić, A. Rachid Rahmouni, Anne Fernandez, Ned Lamb, and Michael Primig. "Regulation of the conserved 3′ ‐ 5′ exoribonuclease EXOSC10 / Rrp6 during cell division, development and cancer." Biological Reviews 96, no. 4 (February 18, 2021): 1092–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/brv.12693.

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Lee, Chun-Chang, Yi-Xin Chen, Yun-Ling Wu, Wen-Chih Yeh, and Chih-Min Liang. "Multilevel Analysis of the Pressure of Agricultural Land Conversion, Degree of Urbanization and Agricultural Land Prices in Taiwan." Land 9, no. 12 (November 25, 2020): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9120474.

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In 2000, to efficiently implement land-use policies, the Taiwanese government amended the Agricultural Development Act by easing restrictions on agricultural land purchases. As a result of increasing land development and investment needs, agricultural land prices have surged. This study aims to examine whether agricultural land prices in Pingtung County are affected by land control policy measures, the pressure of agricultural land conversion and the degree of urbanization. A multilevel analysis approach was used to analyze land price differences in townships in Pingtung County. The estimation results derived from the null model indicated significant differences between the mean land price in each administrative division. Specifically, the ratio of agricultural land prices affected by differences in Level 2 township-related factors was 21.8%, while the ratio of those affected by differences in Level 1 land-related factors was 78.2%. An empirical intercepts-and-slopes-as-outcomes regression model demonstrated that Level 2 township-related factors, such as the pressure of agricultural land conversion and the degree of urbanization, had cross-level, direct and positive impacts on agricultural land prices; while Level 1 land-related factors, such as lot size control measures on farmhouse construction and land-use zoning, had positive and significant impacts on agricultural land prices.

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Liu, Yu, Yu Chun Pan, and Yan Min Ren. "Land Reclamation Division of the Area along the JingCheng Expressway." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 1182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.1182.

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In order to provide the decision-making basis for making the land reclamation planning along the JingCheng expressway, this article takes 587 administrative villages along the JingCheng expressway as the assessment units, constructs the technical methods of the land reclamation division along the expressway in terms of the reclamation potential, reclamation ability and reclamation urgency, determines the weight and calculates the integrated assessment value by Delphi method and divides the research area into the preferential reclamation area, key reclamation area and reclamation area which is not suitable for reclamation recently by using the space self-organizing network model. This research is helpful for boosting the orderly reclamation of the farmland along the expressway and accelerating the modern agricultural development of the area along the expressway.

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Трухачев, Александр, and Aleksandr Trukhachev. "Resources of rural tourism development in Stavropol region." Services in Russia and abroad 10, no. 2 (June 16, 2016): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19727.

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he article presents the authorial view on the composition of the tourism resources that are in demand in rural tourism development. According to the author, the specific of rural tourism makes somewhat different from the traditional approach to defining the composition and typology of tourism resources. The author shows that the division into primary and secondary tourism resources for rural tourism phenomenon is not true and is not obvious. The article substantiates that, along with the natural, historical and cultural tourism resources, it is advisable to consider the infrastructure and agricultural resources in the development of rural tourism. Stavropol Krai of the Russian Federation - a region with a high level of agricultural development and rich tourism and recreational potential. Development of the private sector in agriculture, the pursuit of small and large companies to diversify their activities at the expense of the development of non-agricultural segment, resulted in the formation and development of rural tourism. These circumstances justified the choice of the region for illustration the diversity of the group "enterprises and the production of agricultural purpose" among the tourist resources of agricultural and other activities in the countryside. Therefore, by the example of Stavropol region the author shows that agricultural activities and its results, as well as the technologies used, are becoming tourist resources. According to the analysis results the author draws conclusions about what direction of rural tourism have enough resource provision. The author also gives a description of the (peasant) farms placement, authenticity and originality of agricultural brands that can be used for the formation of attractive tourist products. The level of integration in tourism the peasant farms, equestrian centers, fish and game farms of the region, the potential for further integration of peasant farms in the tourism industry are shown. The problems of rural tourism development of Stavropol Krai in terms of transport (road) access to peasant farms of Stavropol region and practices of promotion of rural tourism sites in the Internet environment of the territory are revealed.

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Xiao, Shuhai. "Mitotic topologies and mechanics of Neoproterozoic algae and animal embryos." Paleobiology 28, no. 2 (2002): 244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0094-8373(2002)028<0244:mtamon>2.0.co;2.

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Cell division is a key biological process in growth, morphogenesis, and reproduction. Despite our improved understanding of the genetics and dynamics of cell division in all major groups of living organisms, paleontological evidence for cell division is largely restricted to silicified (and some carbonaceous) algae and vascular plants where three-dimensional observation is possible. Animal cell division has been documented in the fossil record to a lesser extent; however, such knowledge is highly desirable in the recently revitalized field of evolutionary developmental biology. Two fundamentally different mitotic cell division topologies are preserved in late Neoproterozoic Doushantuo phosphorites (ca. 550–600 million years old) in South China. Doushantuo algal cells (∼20 μm in diameter) are successively cleaved by mitotic division planes that are offset but not deformed by subsequent cytokinesis. Mitotic division planes in successively cleaving Doushantuo animal embryos (several hundred microns in diameter) are also offset. However, in sharp contrast to Doushantuo algae, Doushantuo animal blastomeres repeatedly shift to mechanically stable configurations by disturbing preexisting division planes. This divergence reflects the underlying cytological and developmental differences between algae and animals. Specifically, the presence/absence of rigid cell walls and different cytokinetic mechanisms, coupled with mechanics at mitotic offsets, contribute to the diverging mitotic topologies in Doushantuo algae and animal embryos. These findings not only confirm previous interpretation of Doushantuo fossils but also provide direct paleontological evidence of cell movement in the development of these early animal fossils.

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Poczta, Walenty, and Patrycja Beba. "COMPATIBILITY OF ALLOCATION OF CAP STRUCTURAL FUNDS WITH REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF RURAL AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XIX, no. 5 (November 30, 2017): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6229.

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The objective of the research was to examine whether the current distribution Common Agricultural Policy structural funds (second pillar of CAP) between different objectives in particular macroregions corresponds to the regional differentiation of rural areas and agriculture in Poland. Policy objectives were identified according to RDP 2014-2020 priorities. Six macroregions have been adopted at regional level NUTS-1. In order to determine whether the directions of distribution correspond to regional variation, the linear correlation coefficient was calculated. The coefficient describes the correlation between synthetic variables describing the level of rural and agricultural development in macroregions of Poland and regional allocations of funds for rural development and agriculture in Poland in the years 2004-2013 according to the RDP 2014-2020 priorities. The results show the presence of moderate linear dependence or lack of it between the variables tested. This means that the previous division of CAP structural funds only partially took into account the regional differentiation of rural and agricultural areas.

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Akinnagbe, Oluwole Matthew, and Oluwatoyin Oyekanmi Ayibiowu. "Division of Labour in Rice Production and Processing across Gender in Ogun State, Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Extension 24, no. 3 (August 13, 2020): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v24i3.6.

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This study assessed division of labour in rice production and processing across gender in Ogun state, Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used in sampling 120 rice farmers who are both producers and processors. Primary data were obtained from the respondents with the use of structured interview schedule. Data were analysed using frequency, percentage, charts, mean and t-test statistic. The findings revealed that, in rice production; clearing of farm land (90.0%), de-stumping/packing (98.3%), and tilling of land (98.3%) were mainly carried out by men while women were more involved in activities such as planting (52.5%), weeding (50.8%), bird scaring (69.%), harvesting and packing (74.2%). In rice processing; men performed major activities in milling (95.8%), de-stoning (95.0%) and transportation (91.6%) while women were more involved in threshing (84.2%), sun drying (80.9%), and winnowing (87.5%). The result of t- test showed that, there was significant differences in the average quantity of rice (kg) produced by men and women in year 2012 (t=3.930; p≤0.05), 2013 (t=4.748; p≤0.05), 2014 (t=3.570; p≤0.05) and 2016 (t=3.096); p≤0.05) but there was no significant difference between the average rice produced by men and women (t=0.308; p>0.05) in year 2015. Interventions to address the rice production and processing in major energy require activities (like clearing, milling) should be tailored towards men while low energy activities (like planting, harvesting, marketing) interventions should be tailored towards women in order to enhance high productivity and quality processing. Keywords: gender division of labour, rice production, rice processing

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Ogryzek, Marek, Krzysztof Rząsa, and Ryszard Źróbek. "Change in the Level of Agricultural Development in the Context of Public Institutions’ Activities—A Case Study of the NASC Activities in Poland." Land 10, no. 2 (February 13, 2021): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020187.

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Agricultural development is determined by various factors, such as environmental, economic, demographic, or social circumstances. In order to present the level of this development as com-prehensively as possible, a multidimensional analysis should be carried out with an appropriate methodology. In this article, a taxonomic approach known as the Hellwig’s method was used to determine the level of agricultural development. The area of research was the territory of Poland, divided into voivodships, which are the main units of the administrative division of the country. The development of agriculture thus determined was correlated with activities pursued by the National Agricultural Support Centre (NASC), an institution responsible for the management of agricultural real estate owned by the State Treasury in Poland. The results showed that the NASC’s activities are related to the level of agricultural development in every voivodship. The investigated model of rural space management was shown to be a rational one, performing well in today’s market conditions. The proposed methodology could adapt to similar situations and can be used in similar research on rural areas.

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Lisetskii, Fedor, Vladimir Stolba, Aleksandra Golyeva, Olga Marinina, and Arseniy Poletaev. "Postantique Soils as a Source of Land Use Information: A Case Study of an Ancient Greek Agricultural Area on the Northern Black Sea Coast." Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2020 (January 29, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8698179.

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As an effect of intensive agricultural development of the steppes of the northern Black Sea coast, the finds of postantique agricultural landscapes that preserve relic elements of ancient land-use infrastructure are extremely rare. To these belongs the uniquely preserved ancient Greek land division system on the Tarkhankut Peninsula (north-western Crimea), which was studied using the methods of soil science and biomorphic analysis. This paper explores ancient land-use practices in order to reconstruct the original parameters of the land division system, as well as agricultural techniques employed. For postantique agricultural landscapes, an integrated geoarchaeological approach that includes GIS and remote sensing methodologies, in-field study of microrelief and soil registrograms, pedochronological dating technique, and physicochemical, geochemical, and biomorphic soil analyses has been developed and tested. The soil-geomorphological reconstruction shows that the Hellenistic land division system included a 4.5–4.9 m wide strip of land bordered by a 4.1–4.7 m wide (at the base) and c. 0.2 m high wall and a c. 2 m wide and over 15 cm deep trench, which controlled surface runoff and erosion. Ancient agricultural practices of slope farming resembled the modern ones. Surface runoff and soil erosion were controlled by dividing the catchment area into narrow plots, the borders of which on arable land were marked by simple earthen structures (low walls with shallow trenches). The biomorphic analysis of soil sampled atop these structures indicates that in ancient times, these earthen walls were not cultivated. The study of conservative properties preserved in pedomemory of postagrogenic soils provided valuable evidence of agricultural techniques used in the palaeogeographic conditions of the 4th and 3rd centuries BC.

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Ubushayeva, Bayrta, Natalia Bykovskaya, and Sanji Koteyev. "Formation and development of professional competencies of municipal employees who manage agricultural production on the territory of municipalities." E3S Web of Conferences 176 (2020): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017606002.

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The article analyzes the formation and development of professional competencies of municipal employees who manage agricultural production in local territories. In the article, the authors present options for the possible development of the competencies of municipal employees, which is based on the division of professional competencies into three groups, thereby dividing them by functionality. Basic competencies set requirements for the level of education, municipal service experience, or professional experience. Functional competencies are established according to the direction of the Department, and special ones are formed specifically for each position of the municipal service in the Department that manages agricultural production on the territory of the municipality. The content of the article makes it possible to expand the range of professional competencies based on the use of certain measures that are necessary for municipal employees to fill positions in the studied branch of the economy.

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Parker, Joyce E., and David J. Wagner. "From the USDA: Educating the Next Generation: Funding Opportunities in Food, Agricultural, Natural Resources, and Social Sciences Education." CBE—Life Sciences Education 15, no. 3 (September 2016): fe5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.16-01-0052.

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The National Institute of Food and Agriculture within the U.S. Department of Agriculture provides leadership, capacity, and funds to support the continuing development of a safe and competitive agricultural system. Many of the agency’s educational programs are led by the Division of Community and Education (DOCE). These programs span agricultural education, enhancing agricultural literacy through both formal and nonformal education. Here, we have highlighted funding opportunities within DOCE that enhance agricultural education and literacy by supporting the improvement of students’ critical communication, leadership skills, and experiential learning opportunities. Some of these programs include opportunities for which students can apply, while others focus on faculty applications. Opportunities faculty can apply for may support student-recruitment and student-retention techniques, curriculum development, innovative teaching methods, and institutional capacity-building programs. Overall, these programs foster a diverse workforce in agricultural science that matches the increasing diversity of the country.

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Haque, Ziaul. "Islam and Economics in Pakistan: Critical Perspectives." Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 4II (December 1, 1995): 833–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i4iipp.833-844.

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The modern world characteristically stands divided into developed and developing countries, or into core and peripheral societies, which exist at different stages of development but in general comprise a single global economy. The former dominate the latter in a typical division of labour in which the economically rich countries of the core areas specialise in the manufacture of industrial goods of high technology, whereas the developing countries where the majority of population depends on agriculture as livelihood specialise in the production of mainly agricultural raw materials. Some semi-peripheral countries mediate between these two categories in a complex web of socio-economic relations, structures, and formations. [Wallerstein (1979; 1984)]. Therefore, the economic problems of particular societies, regions, and countries are now closely connected and even inextricably intertwined. Developing countries like Pakistan have now been integrated into this global economy.

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Demichev, Vadim Vladimirovich, Vesta Vladimirovna Maslakova, and Anastasia Andreevna Nestratova. "Clustering Russian regions by the level of agricultural efficiency." Buhuchet v sel'skom hozjajstve (Accounting in Agriculture), no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-11-2012-06.

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The article discusses the key changes in the mechanism of providing agricultural subsidies to the regions of the Russian Federation. The division of subsidies into compensating and stimulating parts, with the subsequent retention of only the stimulating part, may lead to the redistribution of subsidies to regions that previously received a small part of state support, but are promising from the point of view of agricultural development. In addition, the incentive part of the subsidies will be used to solve socio-economic problems, as well as support small businesses in the form of specific projects (support will be more targeted). In the present study, a system of statistical indicators is proposed for determining groups of regions by the level of efficiency, but not only economic and industrial, but also social and environmental efficiency. Based on one or another aspect of efficiency, regions can justify the need to allocate funds to them from the incentive part of state support. The article identifies and characterizes clusters of regions by the level of agricultural efficiency.

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Rutkevych, Volodymyr. "EXPERIMENTAL RESOURCE STAND RESEARCH OF THE GOLDEN DIVISION DISTRIBUTOR." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 3(106) (November 29, 2019): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2019-3-10.

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The article discusses and analyzes the operating conditions of a modern hydraulic drive. Despite the difficult operating conditions of modern agricultural machinery (difficult working conditions, frequent changes in the technological load on the working bodies, low quality of the working fluid, increased dust content and temperature fluctuations), the hydraulic drive is its main reliable element. The basis of hydraulic drives is hydraulic spool type devices, they remain the main components of a modern hydraulic drive, are able to increase energy, dynamic, cost characteristics and increase the reliability and durability of this drive. The advantages, disadvantages and directions of improvement of this drive are noted. The modern directions of development of the hydraulic drive aimed at increasing the reliability, durability and adaptability to changing the technological load on the working bodies are considered. A booth design is proposed that allows to investigate a resource study of the developed spool splitter of a forage stem feeder. As a result of the research at the initial stage, some shortcomings in the structural implementation of the developed spool of the flow divider at the time up to 2·104 cycles were revealed. After analyzing the operating conditions and making changes to the design of the stem feeder spacer spacer and retesting, the spacer spacer showed stable operation, with more than 6.6·105 load cycles.

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Sesli, Ertugrul, and Yilmaz Kara. "Development and application of a two-tier multiple-choice diagnostic test for high school students’ understanding of cell division and reproduction." Journal of Biological Education 46, no. 4 (December 2012): 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.2012.688849.

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Mironova, V. N. "State Participation in Industrial and Agricultural Internationally Competitive Produce Advancement." Economics, taxes & law 12, no. 4 (September 6, 2019): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/1999-849x-2019-12-4-50-59.

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The subject of the research is state policy in supporting export of industrial and agricultural produce. The purpose of the work is to propose actions aimed at the increase of competitiveness of industrial and agricultural production and at creating mechanisms for its advancement to international markets in the context of Western sanctions intensifying and the necessity to escape raw materials based development model. To achieve these goals, new institutions for national business development are created, export oriented branches of production are developed. The amount of state participation in financing industry and agriculture development is increasing. Russian Export Center has been organized. It supports in financial and nonfinancial way Russian companies that are ready to raise the competitive advantages of their production and to enter foreign markets. It is concluded that due to the actions that the state puts into practice to fulfill complicated and ambitious tasks aimed at competitive recovery of home products and at increasing of non-resource exports some positive results have been achieved both in industrial and agricultural production. The results, however, are not weighty enough to dramatically change the place of Russia in international division of labor. As before, resource commodity still constitutes a significant part of export. The state policy lays special emphasis on financing branches of industry without taking into consideration their effectiveness. Financial and nonfinancial instruments are of high importance, but they should be used in the framework of a comprehensive approach. The transition to a new industrial and technical development platform, modern knowledge, technologies and innovations deployment are yet not in line with the requirements for international competiveness of domestic product.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Kasungu agricultural development division'

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