Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Katanga (Congo, République démocratique)'
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Quaretta, Edoardo. "Les enfants accusés de sorcellerie au Katanga, République démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209535.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Kaumbu, Jean Marc Kyalamakasa. "Sélection précoce des espèces forestières et potentiel mycorhizien arbusculaire en vue de la reforestation de la forêt claire dégradée du Haut-Katanga, en République Démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68940.
Full textIn the Katanga province, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo), the anthropogenic pressure is exerted on the Miombo woodland (MW) with the expansion of the agricultural lands and the increased demand for charcoal, due to the demographic growth. The restorationof agricultural and forest fallows has become essential to reverse this decline and sustainably manage the degraded MW. The main objective of this thesis was to study the development of seedlings and the potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the MW of UpperKatanga, DRC. Its specific objectives were to: (i) assess the development and mycorrhizalstatus of MW species, with respect to their successional status (early (ES) or late (LS) tree species); (ii) determine the arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum potential (AMIP) in degradedMW; and (iii) describe the diversity and community structure of AMF associated with amultipurpose forest tree (Pterocarpus tinctorius Welw also named Mninga maji in Swahili,Mukula in Bemba).First, the development of the seedlings was evaluated, for two pioneer tree species(Combretum collinum and P. tinctorius) and six late species (Brachystegia boehmii, B.longifolia, B. spiciformis, B. wangermeana, Julbernardia globiflora and J. paniculata), 1, 2and 4 years after planting. Then, the AMIP was estimated in degraded MW by baitingCrotalaria juncea seedlings. The relationship between AMIP and vegetation indix wase stablished with Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) and linear regressions. Finally, the diversity and the structure of the AMF community in the roots of P. tinctorius were characterized in the agricultural and forest fallow of three sites, by amplification, cloning of the 28S gene of the large subunit (LSU) of the ribosomal DNA and Sanger sequencing. The results showed that the early successional tree species, ES (Chipya) had early growthand were 3 to 40 times more productive than to LS (tree species characteristic of MW). ESspecies were colonized by AMF, whereas LS species were colonized by ectomycorrhizal fungi. In degraded MW, the density of some trees had a positive influence on AMIP,particularly woody legumes acting synergistically with the abundance of annual grasses.Woody legumes were more colonized and would act as AMF plant refuges. Molecular diversity of 30 operational taxonomic units (UTOs) of AMF was associated with P. tinctorius (one of the mycotrophic woody legumes), in the agricultural and forest fallows of three sites studied. The community richness and structure of the AMF were driven by the density ofwoody species colonized by AMF evenly distributed in plant species. The AMF communitywas dominated by species of the genera Rhizophagus and Sclerocystis, and were strongly associated with some chemical properties of the soil (pH, acidity, total aluminium and totaliron) and the density of some trees. Thus, the results highlight a variability of growth and biomass depending on the successional status (ecological groups). Also, the AMIP and the AMF communities were mainly driven by tree density and soil properties. We suggest there forestation of degraded MW with the native species (P. tinctorius, B. spiciformis and C.collinum) in mono-specific plantations or under agroforestry management with food crops.
Kabulu, Djibu Jean-Pierre. "Impacts des activités minières sur les écosystèmes forestiers au Katanga, République Démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209822.
Full textLes résultats ont montré que l’exploitation minière et la croissance démographique sont deux facteurs de la déforestation, considérés comme les paramètres principaux du processus de changement du paysage au Katanga. L’analyse spatiale, faite grâce à la cartographie et aux systèmes d’information géographique, a permis de faire le calcul d’indices de composition et de configuration du paysage afin d’analyser la structure spatiale des forêts. La structure a été ensuite modélisée pour évaluer les impacts de concessions, des routes et des sites miniers sur la forêt. En fonction de résultats obtenus, on constate que les forêts du Katanga subissent une pression anthropique assez forte et la tendance générale de la fragmentation des forêts est inquiétante. Les habitats forestiers sont entrain d’être transformés en formations savanicoles. Les activités minières ont un impact défavorable sur les forêts de la province. La présence des plusieurs compagnies minières a favorisé l'augmentation des sites miniers et la densification du réseau routier.
Doctorat en Sciences
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Le, Lay Maëline. "Le théâtre au Katanga (République Démocratique du Congo)@ : analyse d'un discours didactique en contexte de diglossie." Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA131010.
Full textBakajika, Banjikila Thomas. "Capitalisme, rapport salarial et régulation de la main-d'oeuvre : la classe ouvrière noire dans les camps de l'Union minière du Haut-Katanga, 1925-1967." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17647.
Full textLegendre, Bruno. "Le réseau "Crocodile" : anticommunisme et anxiété chez les Belges du Katanga (Congo belge) au début de la guerre froide (1948-1952)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29410.
Full textKennes, Erik. "Fin du cycle post-colonial au Katanga, RD Congo : Rébellions, sécession et leurs mémoires dans la dynamique des articulations entre l'État central et l'autonomie régionale 1960-2007." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26228/26228.pdf.
Full textFaucon, Michel-Pierre. "Ecologie et biologie de la conservation des métallophytes: le cas de Crepidorhopalon perenniset C. tenuis (Scrophulariaceae) des sols cupro-cobaltifères du Katanga." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210267.
Full textDans ce contexte, la thèse représente une des toutes premières approches de la biologie et l’écologie des populations de deux métallophytes apparentées. L’objectif est de préciser la distribution et la niche des deux taxons, et la variation de leur capacité d’accumuler et de tolérer les métaux lourds. Les résultats sont utilisés pour discuter la valeur conservatoire des cuprophytes du Katanga, leur vulnérabilité et envisager des stratégies de conservation.
Nous avons montré que les sols des affleurements de roche cuprocobaltifère se distinguer édaphiquement d’autres types de sols métallifères dans le monde. La révision phytogéographique et taxonomique a permis de valider 32 taxons endémiques et de mettre en évidence 23 couples de cuprophytes étroitement apparentés. La proportion élevée de couples de cuprophytes apparentés nous laisse suggérer que des événements de spéciation auraient existés au sein même des habitats cuprifères. Un isolement écologique pourrait s’exercer au niveau des zones les plus riches en cuivre. Ces couples d’espèces cuprophytes constitueraient un outil de recherche idéal pour l’étude de la spéciation.
Les propriétés hyperaccumulatrices de certaines espèces ont été exagérées, sans doute par suite de problèmes méthodologiques. L’accumulation du Cu ne se produit que dans des conditions édaphiques particulières, très difficiles à obtenir en culture. Cependant, nous avons montré que C. tenuis et C. perennis étaient hautement tolérantes au cuivre. Chez ces deux espèces, le cuivre provoquait une augmentation des performances de certaines populations métallicoles en milieux stérile. Ces populations posséderaient des besoins élevés en cuivre. Dans ce cas, la cuprophilie apparente de l’espèce in natura pourrait être expliquée par un coût de la tolérance au cuivre. Cette cuprophilie semble être un phénomène rare chez les espèces tolérantes au cuivre et confère ainsi à C. perennis et C. tenuis une valeur biologique remarquable.
Actuellement, parmi les 32 taxons endémiques stricts des habitats cuprifères du Katanga, 6% sont éteints (EX), 73% sont en danger critique d’extinction (CR), 9% sont en danger d’extinction (EN) et 3% sont vulnérables (VU). De plus, 18 taxons présentant une affinité particulièrement élevée pour les sols cuprifères, sans y être totalement confinés (fréquence sur Cu > 75%) sont réellement menacés d’extinction (22 % EN et 78% VU). Néanmoins, 18 % de ces endémiques menacées sont capables de coloniser les habitats métallifères anthropogènes. Comme C. perennis, certaines endémiques se développaient uniquement sur des sols perturbés par l’activité minière. C. tenuis possède aussi son optimum écologique sur les sols anthropogènes cuprifères. Cela indique que certaines espèces de la flore du cuivre du Katanga considérées en danger critique d’extinction sont en fait moins menacées parce qu’elles sont en mesure de se développer sur les habitats anthropogènes métallifères. L’exploitation minière est toujours destructive mais les habitats anthropogènes récents semblent avoir une valeur de conservation pour certains métallophytes rares. Une partie des déchets de l’exploitation minière et les sols contaminés pourraient être gérés de manière à fournir des habitats artificiels pour la colonisation ou la conservation ex situ de ces espèces. Dans la discussion, nous examinons les stratégies de conservation de ces espèces.
Doctorat en Sciences
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Rubbers, Benjamin. "Congo Casino : Le monde social du capitalisme européen au Katanga (RDC)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210891.
Full textLes Européens (Belges, Grecs et Italiens) du Katanga, dont le nombre s’est considérablement réduit au cours de la période post-coloniale, forment aujourd’hui le groupe le plus puissant de l’économie de la région. Au vu des troubles qui ont marqué l’histoire du Congo depuis l’indépendance, pourquoi sont-ils restés sur place ?Comment ont-ils développé leurs affaires dans une économie sur le déclin, en voie de marginalisation, et dans une structure politique patrimoniale de plus en plus instable ?Et quelle est leur place au sein de la société congolaise ?Telle est la triple question de départ à laquelle tente de répondre cette thèse en abordant de façon successive, au fil des chapitres, leur parcours migratoire, leur insertion dans la société congolaise, la dynamique de leur communauté, leur rôle dans les deux plus gros secteurs de la région, et leurs rapports avec les représentants de l’Etat. Elle prend appui pour ce faire sur une recherche de terrain conduite entre 2003 et 2004.
If the number of Europeans (Belgians, Greeks and Italians) living in Katanga has considerably decreased during the post-colonial period, they represent today the most powerful entrepreneurial group of the local economy. Once considered the troubles they came across since independence, why did they remain in the Congo? How did they develop their business in a declining economy, in process of marginalization, and in a patrimonial political structure, which proves to be more and more unstable? Finally, what is their place and role in Congolese society? These are the three questions this thesis tries to give an answer. Through the chapters, it studies the migration of expatriates in Africa, their relationship with Congolese society, the dynamics of their community, their role in the two most important sectors of Katanga, and the way they interact with the agents of the State. For this purpose, it rests upon a fieldwork research led between 2003 and 2004.
Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation anthropologie
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Rubbers, Benjamin. "Congo Casino : Le monde social du capitalisme européen au Katanga (RDC)." Doctoral thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0227.
Full textIf the number of Europeans (Belgians, Greeks and Italians) living in Katanga has considerably decreased during the post-colonial period, they represent today the most powerful entrepreneurial group of the local economy. Once considered the troubles they came across since independence, why did they remain in the Congo? How did they develop their business in a declining economy, in process of marginalization, and in a patrimonial political structure, which proves to be more and more unstable? Finally, what is their place and role in Congolese society? These are the three questions this thesis tries to give an answer. Through the chapters, it studies the migration of expatriates in Africa, their relationship with Congolese society, the dynamics of their community, their role in the two most important sectors of Katanga, and the way they interact with the agents of the State. For this purpose, it rests upon a fieldwork research led between 2003 and 2004
Dibwe, Dia Mwembu. "Industrialisation et santé : la transformation de la morbidité et de la mortalité à l'Union minière du Haut-Katanga, 1910-1970." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17613.
Full textMutombo, Ngandu. "Politiques de rémunération, de cotation et de classification des emplois comme facteurs de formation d'une catégorie sociale : le cas des travailleurs de l'Union minière du Haut-Katanga, 1947-1967." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28404.
Full textVolper, Julien. "Un art entrevu d'Afrique Centrale : analyse stylistique et iconographique des masques dits luba du Katanga et du Kasaï (République Démocratique du Congo)." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010709.
Full textElenge, Molayi Myriam. "Impact des modifications des conditions de travail dans l'amélioration de la santé-sécurité au travail des mineurs artisanaux du Katanga en République Démocratique du Congo." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209936.
Full textAlors que la plus grande attention est tournée vers la gestion des problèmes environnementaux, nous avons voulu évaluer l’impact des conditions de travail dans ce secteur d’activité sur la santé et la sécurité des exploitants artisanaux. En matérialisant cet impact, notre ambition est d’identifier les facteurs-clé sur lesquels construire une politique de promotion, d’éducation et d’amélioration de la santé au travail dans ce milieu.
Matériel et méthodes
Notre étude repose sur deux enquêtes réalisées en vue de circonscrire les éléments caractéristiques de la situation de travail dans l’exploitation minière artisanale. Ces enquêtes se sont déroulées dans les mines artisanales de la Ruashi et de Lupoto. Elles nous ont permis également de procéder à une observation de cette activité, telle qu’elle se pratique sur le terrain et la première enquête a été couplée à une analyse d’exposition et d’imprégnation des mineurs artisanaux aux contaminants contenus dans la gangue minéralisée.
L’exploitation des résultats de ces enquêtes a donné lieu à plusieurs études descriptives à visée étiologiques dans lesquelles nous avons présenté, en plus des statistiques usuelles, les Odds Ratio et les tests d’association calculés grâce au logiciel SPSS version 17. Nous avons également procédé à des revues de la littérature, principalement pour circonscrire les pathologies liées aux risques toxicologiques spécifiques à cette activité ainsi que pour identifier les facteurs-clé de succès des expériences de réforme de la mine artisanale.
Résultats
Les résultats obtenus ont fait l’objet des publications compilées dans la présente thèse. Pour l’essentiel, ils consistent aux constatations suivantes :
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Doctorat en Sciences de la santé publique
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Ilunga, Ngoy Serge. "Impact des termites sur les cycles biogéochimiques du cuivre et du cobalt dans le Katanga (RDC) - Application à la prospection minière." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2022_0207_ILUNGA_NGOY.pdf.
Full textKnowledge of the influence of termites on transport of metals of economic interest within the complex of lithosphere, pedosphere and termite mounds is of great interest for geochemical and geological characterization of anomalies in mining prospection. Termites have an important functional role in the structuring of soils, causing chemical enrichment through the vertical transport of minerals exchanged between the deeper horizons and the termite mounds built at the surface. Our objective in this thesis is to evaluate the influence of termites on Cu and Co biogeochemical cycles in a mineral-rich region (Katanga, DRC), with the aim to optimize the utilization of termite mounds in mining prospection. This objective requires a characterization of mineral and organic phases at various scales. To achieve this, firstly, a geochemical mapping of termite mounds of two dominant genera of the region, Macrotermes and Cubitermes, was carried out at the landscape scale in an area that received a geological and soil and rock geochemical mapping. The utilization of termite mounds allowed the identification of lithogeochemical facies reflecting the subjacent geology on a regional scale according to the feeding habits of each termite genus. The spatial distribution of termite mounds also allowed us to follow Cu and Co content evolution according to study area geology. The combination of mineralogical and geochemical data acquired on Macrotermes falciger termite mounds and morphological and chemical characterization of their main constituents at microscopic scale allowed to identify carrier phases of interest metals in termite mounds materials. Similarly, the comparison of geochemical signatures of M. falciger termite mounds and their parent materials allowed to establish a lithogeochemical relationship, identifying the source of provisioning at depth by M. falciger. Finally, the association of geochemical characterization results of termite mounds for four granulometric fractions (0-20 µm; 20-63 µm; 63-200 µm; 200-2000 µm) and results on evaluation of the impact of termites on the constitution of aggregates in termite mounds and/or soils, allowed to specify the most informative granulometric fractions on the presence and mineralization of carrier phases of interest metals in Katanga in termite mound materials. The application of all these methods and all elements collected allowed us to propose a Cu and Co biogeochemical cycle scheme in this system, underlying the use of termite mounds in effective and efficient mining prospection
Cubaka, Alfred. "Interactions plantes-bactéries sur des substrats contaminés en cuivre." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210068.
Full textdépart, une étude sur l'interaction entre les plantes et les bactéries sur un substrat pollué par le cuivre a été menée
dans deux directions:
1 °) une étude en conditions de laboratoire sur les capacités de C. metallidurans CH34 à interagir avec Nicotiana
plumbaginifolia (les solanacées)
2 °) une étude sur le terrain visant à examiner les interactions entre cuprophytes et bactéries résistantes aux
métaux des régions minières du Katanga.
La première partie inclut une étude in silico visant à établir un catalogue des gènes C. metallidurans CH34
potentiellement impliqués par les interactions plantes-bactéries. Ce catalogue, tout en se reposant sur le génome
proche de Ralstonia solanacearum, bactérie phytopathogène de plusieurs espèces végétales appartenant
principalement à la famille des Solanaceae, il n'a pas pris en compte les orthologues des gènes clés de la
virulence de cette phytopathogène. Les gènes correspondants de C. metallidurans étaient situées sur les deux
chromosomes et ont des orthologues dans tous les génomes séquencés des Cupriavidus / Ralstonia et dans
Enterobacter sp. 638, endophyte de peuplier. L'étude transcriptomique, à l'aide de «microarray» a montré que
certains de ces gènes étaient induits, notamment des gènes impliqués dans la mobilité flagellaire (comme motA)
et dans la synthèse des polysaccharides extracellulaires étaient surexprimés pendant le contact entre les plantes et
les bactéries, tandis que phcA (impliqué dans la détection de la densité de population et dans la conversion
phénotypique) et des gènes impliqués dans la biosynthèse de pili étaient sousexprimés dans les conditions
expérimentales testées. En outre, le contact avec les plantes semble avoir induit la surexpression des gènes
impliqués dans la réponse de cuivre et d'autres métaux. La capacité de C. metallidurans CH34 à coloniser
l'endosphere de N. plumbaginifolia a été confirmée in vitro ainsi qu'un effet de promotion de la croissance des
plantes dans certaines conditions. Mais la densité de la colonisation (104-106 c.f.u/g. poids frais) est
considérablement réduite dans des conditions non stériles et en l'absence de pression de sélection métallique.
La deuxième partie de l'étude s'est concentrée sur la microbiologie de cuprophytes (Haumaniastrum katagense et
Crepidorhopalon tenuis) dans l'arc cuprifère du Katanga: des isolats Cuprorésistants appartenant aux genres
Stenotrophomonas et Sphingomonas prédominent dans la rhizosphère alors que des isolats appartenant aux
genres Methylobacterium, Xanthomonas et Variovorax prédominent dans l'endosphere. Certaines de ces
bactéries sont plus résistantes au Cu(II), à des concentrations minimales inhibitrices (MIC) allant jusqu'à 5 mM,
que C. metallidurans CH34 (MIC: 1,5 mM) et la plupart d'entre elles résistent également aux Zn(II), Co(II) et
Cd(II). Des isolats appartenant au genre Cupriavidus/Ralstonia ont été détectés dans la rhizosphère des
cuprophytes ainsi que les séquences 16S rDNA de C. metallidurans ont été également détectées dans l'ADN
total extrait des cuprophytes. La détection via la réaction de la polymérase en chaîne (PCR) de gènes de
résistance au cuivre correspondant à des protéines periplasmiques a confirmé la présence dans les bactéries
cuprorésistantes, principalement de copA et dans une moindre mesure celle de copK. Mais les gènes homologues
de copA et de copK n'ont pas été détectés dans tous les bactéries du genre Methylobacterium dont les membres
ont été pourtant les plus résistants aux métaux. Certaines bactéries isolées sont capables d'interagir avec le
système hormonal végétal et quelques unes semblent également manifester un effet de promotion de la
croissance des plantes. Les premières tentatives d'élaboration de protocoles de reinoculation des bactéries
endophytic cuprorésistantes dans Haumaniastrum katagense ont été effectués. La biologie moléculaire et
l'écologie des interactions plantes-bactéries et des mécanismes de résistance métallique décrits dans ce travail
peuvent préparer la voie à de nouvelles applications en bioremédiation (phytostabilization / phytoextraction de
métaux toxiques).
Doctorat en Sciences
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Vinckel, Sandrine. "La violence et le silence : politiques de réconciliation, relations interpersonnelles et pratiques sociales de coexistence au Katanga, RDC." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01D088/document.
Full textBased on the study of daily interactions between Katangese and Kasaians, in the aftermath of the mass violence committed against the non-native Kasaians in the early 1990s, the dissertation shows that in their face-to-face interactions (Goffman), Katangese and Kasaians used practices of coexistence based on avoidance, silence, and self-censorship. Silence on the past violence and on political topics that can be interpreted with regard to the conflict between the two communities has indeed became an interactional norm of peaceful coexistence, unlike the injunction of NGOs specialized in the 'bottom-up' pacification to set up a dialogue that is deemed to foster a mutual understanding. The dissertation also shows that specific political or socio-economic contexts lead to 'crisis situations' (Dobry; Vidal). These crisis situations result in the polarization of collective identities: Katangese and Kasaians are viewed only by their ethno-regional origins. The expectations about interaction situations are made more difficult, because of the “structural uncertainty” that characterizes 'crisis situations'; and the routine practices of coexistence based on self-censorship and avoidance tend to disappear. From these findings, the dissertation questions the moral injunctions in favor of reconciliation and dialogue, which are at the heart of the theories and practices of 'bottom-up' pacification, and even the eventuality of a “bottom-up” reconciliation spreading step by step a 'culture of peace', which would eventually permeate society as a whole
Katsuva, Muhindo Alphonse. "Catholicisme, engagement politique et processus démocratique en République démocratique du Congo." Grenoble 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE21007.
Full textDemocracy emerged as a major challenge for African societies throughout the 1990s. The religious dynamic constitutes a key element in the social and political changes associated with democratic transition. In contrast to the West, religion appears to be an element that accompanies political modernization in African societies. Through its strong political involvement, the Catholic Church of the Democratic Republic of Congo is attempting to contribute to the political modernization of the DRC- including the improvement of its democratic deficit. By acting as a social partner, the Catholic Church hopes to increase citizen participation in politics and instill awareness of democratic values. It is legitimate/ important to examine whether the interaction between Catholicism and the political system of the DRC is likely to give rise to a democratic political culture. Using a dialectical approach that opposes the political discourse and actions from the top (top-down politics) with political thought from the bottom (bottom-up politics), this paper will analyze the emergence of a political culture molded by Catholicism and civil society in the DRC
Nadeau-Bernatchez, David. "La musique comme rapports aux temps : chroniques et diachroniques des musiques urbaines congolaises." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0571.
Full textThis thesis is concerned with present-day Congolese (DRC) urban music with regard to its relations with daily life, to history and to the identity of its capital city Kinshasa. Rooted in a fundamental intuition by Claude Lévi-Strauss (that music might be, like myth, a machine that annihilates time), it is around the problem of music and its manifold relationships with time (social and symbolic; historical and memory-like; musical; performative) that the author seeks to renew its scope by giving it a new analytical foothold. The thesis begins with a general study of the evolution of Congolese urban music, measured against contemporary endogenous categories ("modern", "religious", "traditional" and "international"). Through the combination of history, cultural anthropology and audiovisual records, various views culled from daily life and musical practices are then observed, analyzed, and compared: that of a commune of Kinshasa (Bandai); that of a certain number of individual players, mainly musicians and music lovers; that of the whole city as an imaginary space and the birthplace of identity. Both theoretical, as a broad interrogation of the relations between music and social life, and empirical, as an ethnography of the behaviours and the know-how with which it is associated in Kinshasa, the thesis thus attempts to avoid the pitfalls of culturalism by questioning the way in which "globalization" sets in motion the notions of "universality" (music, time, human being) and of "particularity" (belonging, daily life, social organization) as defined by the project of modernity
Bols-Bola, André. "Kinshasa : réalités zaïroises traditionnelles et modernes, anthropologie d'une capitale africaine." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H010.
Full textThere is three parts in this work, in which: a. Five chapters collecting in the first part results of an inquiry made in eighteen administrative zones of Kinshasa, according to the following seven determinants: a. Choices and forms of marriages, b. Familial composition, c. Marriage duration, d. Professional and lucrative activities, e. Wages and revenues, f. Aspiration standings and g. Believes. The second part syntheses inquiry explanations and results, c. The thirst one includes appendices, which contains the collected documents. This study aim is the analysis of transformations which occur in Zairian kinship systems. The question is to know if colonial system has modified their logics
Oualembo, Patricia-Judith. "Les successions de grains verts argileux méso-cénozoiques du bassin marin congolais : paléoenvironnement, sédimentologie, minéralogie et géochimie." Perpignan, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PERP0167.
Full textObilangounda, Daniel. "Presse et internet aux Congos : Congo-Brazzaville et République démocratique du Congo." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30035.
Full textOkitaudji-Lokoho, René. "Géologie sédimentaire et concentration syndiagénétique du cuivre et du cobalt dans la "série des mines" du Shaba, Zaïre." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10229.
Full textLe, Breton Karine. "La culture judiciaire kinoise comme cadre de refondation de la justice au Congo." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010288.
Full textLokonda, Nkoto Albertine. "L'éducation des jeunes dans la société mongo au Zaïre : les Nkundo de Mbandaka et les Ntomb'e Maloko de Bikoro." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H107.
Full textThis study starts with a general survey of the mongos'origins and their migrations. The mongos, descended from their ancestor mbombiyanda, emigrated from the north to the south, along the valley of the Nile, and came out into Zaïre across the region known as high-Zaïre. After bloody battles, they occupied the lands where they now live and which cover about one-fifth of Zaïre. As for the lands of the nkundos of mbandaka and of the ntomb'e malokos, they can be estimated at about one-thirtieth of the mongo domain. In the second part, the social and political structures of the mongos are explained. Both structures are based on kin. The political aspect is based more particularly on the authority of the nsomi family. After the upbringing has been defined, its various agents are set out. Besides the important role played by the mother and her relatives, these agents are above all the relatives on the paternal side. As for the means of this upbringing, the stress is laid especially on their rites. In the elements of their upbringing, the following points are studied : society (as seen before), language, jobs, time, counting, habits and customs, manners, morals standards, ancestral wisdom and spiritual inheritance. The third part shows how this educational system is nowadays experiencing a cultural and social crisis, through the loss of the authority of the clan, and a parental crisis through the introduction of new cultural elements such as : schools, new religions. . . The fourth part, once the survival of the traditional upbringing has been demonstrated, leads naturally to the general conclusion of this study
Ramazani, Amadi. "Kinshasa-est : de l'habitat planifié à la croissance spontanée." Bordeaux 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR30031.
Full textEast-kinshasa was created around the early fifties, from the ndjili controlled settlement area, which was itself the embodiment of the colonial autorities voluntarist policy of plannification of the "indigen cities". The satellit city" of ndjili, contrary to the other planned cities was designed as an ouled for the overcrowded central districts, but also meant to reach, in a short time, its own autonomy, throught the implementation of socio-collective and economical equipments, meeting the needs of a nearly 30 00 inhabitants population. The political disturbances that broke out as soon as the end of 1958 prevented the colonial administration from attaining all the objectives that had been defined. Thus, around the planned city, have spontaneaously grown vast areas squattered with self-managed building, ruled only the custumary landsharing habits. Nowadays 750 000 persons dwel in this part of the city and live in an area where urbanization de facto was more rapid than the urbanization principles. Rather than adopting a "laisser-faire" policy, would not it be better to act immediately for the improvement of the living conditions of the already existing dwelling areas, and to try, in the meantime to organize the new spatial and economic expansion of the eazst-side? otherwise, this part of the town could, in a rather short period of time, become nothing but threatening zone of tensions, ready for a social outburst
Makungu, Masudi Mwinyimali. "L' élevage péri-urbain à Kinshasa (République démocratique du Congo) : entre "débrouille" et "entreprise" : dynamismes économiques et représentations sociales." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010509.
Full textMusila, Cyril Abal'Anken. "Commerce, marchés et organisations des réseaux des vendeurs : une étude du secteur informel marchand de Kinshasa." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0044.
Full textNZEZA, KABU ZEX KONGO. "Probleme de l'ecoulement de la viande bovine locale sur le marche de kinshasa au congo (ex zaire)." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010556.
Full textA modernization programme for traditional cattle breeders was set up in democratic republic of congo from 1978 to 1990 to favour the provisionning of kinshasa with local meat in order to reduce the food dependence of country, to economize foreign currency and to favour the employment in the rural environment. It was evaluated from 1990 to 1992 that this programme has reached the expected objectives with respect to livestock production but did not reach the expected economics objectives. It seems important to reduce simultaneousness the general, endogenous and exogenous obstacles which blocks the selling of the local meat on kinshasa's market. Since the end of this investigation, though an important loss of cattle is happened in nord-kivu region, the result of this remains valid to provide some guidance about the government's policy of food security
Alard, Mireille. "L'Art des Bashileele (Kasai Occidental)." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010618.
Full textTelomono, Bisangamani Mathieu. "La responsabilité civile du fait de l'enfant en République démocratique du Congo : De la romanogermanisation à la transculturalité juridique pour la paix sociale." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010268.
Full textNgoma, Samuel. "Agriculture et protection sociale au Congo." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON10031.
Full textThe congolese rural societies know a true mutation; a situation of crisis : the populations which formerly made a profit on the social protection, garanted by the essential of their social needs, with difficulties to satisfy the essential of their social needs, with the disaggregation of the clanish solidarity and the failure of the state on the matter of the social policy. In front of the lost of the income, the deterioration of the state of health, the increasing of mortality, the acceleration of the rural exodus and the insalubrity, the peasants are aware of the necessity of an auto-organisation
Tshilombo, Send Toussaint. "Ethnicité, représentation et démocratie : fondements d'un Etat de droit démocratique en République démocratique du Congo (ex-Zaïre)." Paris 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA020090.
Full textEsambo, Kangashe Jean-Louis. "La Constitution congolaise du 18 février 2006 à l'épreuve du constitutionnalisme : Contraintes pratiques et perspectives." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010272.
Full textOkouya, Georges. "Servitude-esclavage et dépendance chez les Tio du Congo." Montpellier 3, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MON30047.
Full textDheudjo, Ndahora Savo. "Kinshasa-ouest : étude de la formation et de l'intégration des quartiers urbains." Bordeaux 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR30030.
Full textThe urbanization of the zairian capital, controlled before 1960, has been facing and acceleration of spontaneous development in urban areas since its independance. Wenow know that any spontaneous process results in both the disturbance of the natural environment and the smooth running of urban systems, since it oversteps some acceptable boundaries. A society has to correct this spontaneous process by trying to achieve a reorganisation likely to protect the natural environment and favour harmonious integration of the different parts of urban areas. Western kinshasa, spread out over about a quater of the dense surface of the urban area faces these problems of urbanization. The problems manifest themselves, for example, in the defectiveness and inadequacy of the infrastructure and urban equipment, and the deterioration of the environment. These factors prevent effective integration in the urban areas. To start a real policy of district integration the most urgent need is to carry out big chances, which must take into account the aspirations and spatial perception of the inhabitants. It is equally necessary to instigate a permanent dialogue betwen the different people concerned with the sociospatial formations (inhabitants and officials at all levels), to encourage popular participation in the different projects of development for their neighbourhoods and finally to clearly define the ares, which can be developed
Kongo, Landu. "L'authenticité au Zaïre : contribution à l'étude des idéologies négro-africaines d'aujourd'hui." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H051.
Full textBwenge, Mwaka Arsène. "Conflits, conflictualité et processus identitaires au Nord-Kivu : comprendre l'institutionnalisation des violences." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0022.
Full textBongo, Noël Manuel. "Relations entre le système éducatif et le système productif dans les pays en voie de développement : le cas du Congo." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOE014.
Full textThe aim of this research is to explore some aspects of the functioning of the work market and the articulations between the educational system and production on developing countries in general, and in the Congo in particular. This study is made of three parts of three chapters each, respectively devoted to the observation of the empirical situation, reflexions on the existing theories (their applications in lessdevelopped economies), and the production of complementary analyses. The first chapter of the first part is an introduction to the band and people and to some economic and financial aspects of the Congo. The second chapter focuses on the role of education in the economic and social development of the country. The third one is both an introduction to - and a critical analysis of - the congolese educational system. As for the second part, it aims at pointing out the methodological and theoretical tools which can help understand the relations between the production system and the educational one. The first chapter of this part is a theoretical analysis of the functionning of work market through the interpretations of currents of thought in economics. The second one attempts to show the complexity of relations between education and employment in developing countries, and the last one presents some notions about economic systems and structures in those countries. At last, the third part will be devoted to the statement of the relation between education training and employment; this relation is drawn from investigation. .
Gitenet, Romain. "De la victimisation ethnique à la rébellion armée : Production du politique, mobilisation sociale et économie de guerre en mode insurrectionnel : Le cas du Congrès National pour la Défense du Peuple (CNDP) en République Démocratique du Congo." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010286.
Full textOboa, Régine. "L'esprit d'entreprise des femmes congolaises : le cas de l'alimentation, de l'habillement et des soins du corps." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H018.
Full textThis thesis shows how the Congolese women, through the diversity of their spheres of activities, share the same company spirit. In a first part, after a talk on our- qualitative methodology, we treat diversity of their courses (civils servant, pensioners, reconverted, graduate. . . ). The second part focuses herself on the context of the entrepreneurial practices. It is first of all about the demographic, sociocultural and socio-economic context, then of the history of the trade and the entrepreneurial practices around the food and the craft industry. The third part is articulated around three chapters which treat Report/ratio with work, management of company and production of the social link around the family practices and symbolic systems. Our thesis is completed by a fourth part introducing to five diversified portraits Congolese women contractors, to lead to the analysis of what gathers them: the company spirit
Demart, Sarah. "Les territoires de la délivrance : mises en perspectives historique et plurilocalisée du Réveil congolais (Bruxelles, Kinshasa, Paris, Toulouse)." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20008.
Full textFrom a social anthropology of inspiration and phenomenological understanding, this thesis questions the process of emergence, movement and reconstruction of the congolese Revival, which has grown exponentially since the 1970s within and outside of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The perspective adopted is historical (the late fifteenth to date contemporary) and multiple locations (Brussels, Kinshasa, Paris, Toulouse). It is justified by the forms of continuity that give to see this theology of Salvation with the prophecies of precolonial and colonial periods, while inscribed in a vast movement of religious globalization, pentecostalism. It is from this framework that examines the devices of "deliverance", differently implemented in the Congolese revival churches, the arrival of migrants- missionaries in Europe, where the first churches today have 25 years of existence and modes of political participation (DRC), significantly marked by processes of demonization. The different angles of the thesis aim to contribute to the understanding of conflicts in that intrinsic religiosity (Bible/Witchcraft) by considering the different currents and spatiotemporal reconstructions of the declinations Revival as something as memory, irreducible an imaginary or identity issues. The development prospects of the way that religious discourse makes territory then leads to the historical depth of the new missionaries' dynamics that inform the reconstructions observed in migration
Badibanga, Kantshiama Joseph Willy. "La dynamique des langues et les représentations sociolinguistiques à Kananga (R. D. Congo) : étude macrolinguistique et microlinguistique." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30099.
Full textKananga,the fourth city of the democratic republic of Congo, in terms of demographic is since its creation at the end of the XIXth century, multilingual. This multilinguism has known diverve forms in history. Many languages, foreign and congolese, have coexisted at a moment or another. Nowdays, the number of used languages in Kananga is estimed at more than sixty languages. However, this city remains largely monocultural and monolingual. The communication in Ciluba is prevailing, followed by French, Lingala and Swahili. However, in official sectors, French is predominant orally, and in its written form in monopolistic situation. This state linguistic politics since the colonial period and diverse favourable and disfavourable reprsentations towards one and another idiom explain greatly the linguistic dynamics at it is presented. Besides, this linguistic politics, though efficacy, needs to be perfected in many aspects
Malekat, Jasmine. "La dévolution successorale au Congo." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON10006.
Full textTo the diversity of customs ruling over personal and family matters, and especially devolution of inheritance, the congolese legislator has substituted a unique law inspired from the french, attributing the transmission of inheritance of personal and real estates to close relatives of the de cujus to the detriment of the family lineage. In order to avoid the reappearance of customs through the generosity of the deceased during his lifetime, the legislator has greatly limited testamentary freedom. Will this law be effective ?
Missié, Jean-Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude des systèmes bureaucratico-lignagers en Afrique : le cas du Congo : la gestion des cadres dans les entreprises d'Etat." Nancy 2, 1986. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc79/1986NAN21022.pdf.
Full textWatoukoula, Diassiloua Jean d'Arc Bienvenu. "Analyse des déterminants de l'inflation dans une "petite" économie ouverte en développement : l'exemple du Congo." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE0006.
Full textInflation as macroeconomic phenomenon include background a large number of economic questions aspects. Her efficient apprehension is a efficacious manner to dispose needfull factors to make adequate economics policies. Similar explanations cannot be given about inflation in differents countries because they are heterogeneous and everyone presente own specific characteristic : economics, institutionnal and structural. Thus some dominant theories can or cannot be valided in certains countries. Inflation analysis in congo's case revealed the existence of exogeneous and endogeneous mecanisms which have an influence on the level of inflation rate : (i) the structure of congo's productive system (his weakness); (ii) the dependence towards foreign exchange and his appurtenance into cfa currency area (through monetary and budgetary policies, and the over-estimate of cfa currency). In this way, the coexistence of "permissive factors" of inflation and the factors which moderate rising price, both theme generate the disguising mecanism in the level of inflation in congo's economy during 1970-1991
Baloka, Roger Faustin. "Les phosphates méso-cénozoi͏̈ques de sub-surface du Bassin du Congo : paléoenvironnements et pétrogénèse." Perpignan, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PERP0213.
Full textMpuru, René Mazembe-Bias. "Urbanisation et crise alimentaire à Kikwit (Congo) : stratégies d'adaptation aux contraintes d'approvisionnements vivriers et alimentaires, et incidences sur la société urbaine." Bordeaux 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR30069.
Full textThe fall of the second republic in congo-kinshasa has brought great socio-economic consequences in the congolese cities. The rapid degradation of the country's political and macro-economic situation from 1990 to 1997 bears serious effects on the alimentation of the congolese townsmen. The food crisis developing worryingly in kikwit is one dimension of the problem. The description of the food crops supply system in kikwit and the notorious salary precariousness have naturally deteriorated the kikwit people's alimentary conditions. In these conditions, what are the options and strategies brought about by the townsmen for their food supply ? the rapid degradation of the road network constitutes a handicap for the marketing of the food crops in the hinterland and their transport to kikwit. The peasants-producers from enclaved regions use waterways thanks to their pirogues, rafters and whaleboats to supply the city. A true servitude for these peasants forced to travel kilometres, cross falls and often forced to face bad weather conditions in order to feed the city with a view of making some profit. The ports have became + true bushmarkets ; and prices reference spots for the marketing of basic foodstuff in cities. Therefore, what are the prospects of recent evolution in kikwit's alimentation condition ? the decay of city's economic activities continuously increases the number of jobless. The low salaries (3 to 8 dollars) have led to a drop in the townsmen's consumption level. These latter involued themselves in parcel and suburban agriculture which is far from meeting households' food requirements. The kikwit inhabitants alimentation remains very unbalanced ; they get their last energies more from glucidic products (tubercules, vegetales) than from lipidic and protidic products. The decrease of the number of meals is worring : 53 % of the households in our sample have only one meal a day. The consequences of such a socio-economic and food situation are particularly acute on the people's heath: nutritive trouble, exclusion, and poverty. Key-words : urbanisation, employment, food crops supply, food crisis, health, poverty, kikwit, congo-kinshasa
M'Bayi, Romuald. "Variabilité climatique et incidences en région des savanes arbustives au sud de la République du Congo : l'exemple de la vallée du Niari." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOL023.
Full textNdjate, Omanyondo. "La gendarmerie au Congo." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05D006.
Full textThe diffusion of the Western institutional models in Africa, through colonization, gave to Congo the opportunity to discover, to live and to experiment a new type of public order‘s protection. It is the State police. French by origine, this institution had a particular evolution in Congo. The conditions of its introduction, the circumstances of its implementation and the postcolonial methods of its appropriation are a new field for scientific research. The other interest of the study is the overall benefit of this institution in maintaining public safety in Congo. All that leads to analyze the work and the means that the successors of the system gave to the State police in Congo in order to accomplish its mission. The rehabilitation proposed in the reviewing of the overall Congolese security system shows the need to evaluate the appropriation methods of this institution and the necessity to include a new reading of its complete history starting from the task accomplished by the ancestors, the work of the pioneers and the positions of the different postcolonial successors. The multidisciplinary research has to take some interest in the worldwide model of the State police which may build the future security in Congo as long as it adapts those inherited mechanisms, whatever they are reproduced, copied or created, to the priorities of the development