Journal articles: 'Katutura Tuberculosis State Hospital'

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Marwa, Thelma, Kabwebwe Honore Mitonga, and Kathe Hofnie-//Hoebes. "Customers’ satisfaction of the occupational therapy services in Namibia." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 10 (September 22, 2017): 3542. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20174217.

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Background: Patients’ satisfaction is important in healthcare services. It can be an indicator of quality of services in a hospital. The study aims to determine the customers’ satisfaction of the Occupational Therapy Services at Katutura State Hospital in Windhoek. Methods: The research design was a mixed approach - quantitative and qualitative. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. The statistical package for the social sciences software version 23 was used to analyse data. Results: Results of the study showed that occupational therapy patients at Katutura State Hospital are satisfied with the quality of service. However, the service was not superior. Perceived quality mean of the service was 5.51 while the desired quality of service was 9.45. Out of the three dimensions; quality of care, physical environment and occupational therapy services, patients were mostly satisfied with quality of care with the adequacy mean of 1.02 and least satisfied with the physical environment which had an adequacy mean of 0.31. Patients were not satisfied with the cleanliness, ventilation, privacy, lighting, waiting time, consent before treatment and follow up of patients. Conclusions: The study shows that the occupational therapy patients at Katutura State Hospital are slightly satisfied with the services although there are some other factors they are dissatisfied with. The occupational therapy department is recommended to develop consent forms, improve on waiting time and keeping appointments. The physical environment also needs to be improved in order to increase the patients` satisfaction rate.

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Maano, Nghitanwa Emma, and Shanyengange Tuwilika. N. "Factors associated with the delay in seeking first antenatal care service among pregnant women at Katutura state hospital, Khomas region." International Journal of Medicine 5, no. 1 (January 29, 2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v5i1.7152.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the factors associated with the delay in seeking first antenatal care (ANC) service among pregnant women at Katutura state hospital, Khomas region. A qualitative, explorative and descriptive design was used to gain the data from pregnant women started first antenatal care later than twelve weeks of gestation.Data was collected through in-depth interview among pregnant women during their first visit at Katutura state hospital antenatal clinic, Khomas region. The data analysis was done in line with thematic analysis and themes and sub-themes were identified.The study findings concluded that most pregnant women attend their first ANC later than twelve weeks gestation because of work commitment, long distance to health facilities, and lack of knowledge about the important of starting ANC in first trimester of pregnancy.The study recommends the establishment and implementation of a community based health education programs about the antenatal care services in order to create awareness and knowledge in the community about the importance of starting antenatal care services during the first trimester of pregnancy.

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Lunza, Simasiku, and Emma Maano Nghitanwa. "Experiences of registered nurses on communication with Deaf patients at Katutura state hospital, Namibia." International Journal of Medicine 5, no. 1 (March 7, 2017): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v5i1.7301.

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The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of registered nurses on communication with Deaf patients. Data was collected using an interview guide. Random sampling technique was employed. Data was transcribed and keywords were identified representing the major categories. Data was analysed using a systematic process in order to deduce themes and sub-themes. During data analysis similar ideas or keywords were coded and similar topics were grouped together into categories. The study concluded that registered nurses lack sign language skills hence their communication with Deaf patients is also challenged. It is recommended that registered nurses needs to be provided with the training in sign language at educational institutions and provision of in-service training on sign language should made available for all health care workers. The study also recommends that Deaf people should be trained in sign languages for effective communication when seeking health care.

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Lukolo, Tangi Tupavali, Linda N. Lukolo, and Lukanga Charles Kimera. "The Effects of Workload on Nurses’ Mental Health in Katutura State Hospital in Windhoek, Namibia." International Journal of Medical Science and Health Research 05, no. 03 (2021): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.51505/ijmshr.2021.5307.

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Shikalepo, Fransina Ndapewa, and Hans Justus Amukugo. "Experience of Students Nurses regarding Caring of Mothers’ Undergone Caesarean Section at Postnatal Ward at Katutura State Hospital." OALib 05, no. 03 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1104403.

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Karodia, Anis Mahomed, Nadeem Cassim, and Frieda M. Akweenda. "Investigating Work Related Stress and Its Impact on the Performances of Registered Nurses Employed at Katutura State Hospital in Windhoek , Namibia." Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review 5, no. 10 (2016): 50–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0027367.

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Price, Loraine E., William A. Rutala, and Gregory P. Samsa. "Tuberculosis in Hospital Personnel." Infection Control 8, no. 3 (March 1987): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700067254.

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AbstractTuberculosis (TB) skin testing practices and the prevalence and inherent risk of TB infection among hospital employees in 167 North Carolina (NC) hospitals were determined from a 79% (132/167) response to a tuberculosis screening questionnaire. Preemployment TB skin testing was performed by 98% of responding hospitals, primarily (87%) by the Mantoux method. TB skin test reactions of ≥ 10 mm were interpreted as significant by 72% and at the appropriate time interval of 48 to 72 hours after administration by 80%. The booster test was routinely performed in 12% of the hospitals. TB infection prevalence among new employees during 1983 was 6.3% (260/4137) in 30 hospitals supplying these data. A positive correlation was noted between employee infection prevalence and county TB case rates (P = .014). Skin test conversion data from 56 hospitals across the state revealed a five year mean conversion rate of 1.14% among 71,253 personnel. There was an association between the incidence of TB in the general population and the frequency of conversions among hospital employees in corresponding geographical regions. Similarly, the incidence of TB among approximately 100,000 NC hospital employees in 1983 and 1984 was less than the incidence in the general population. These associations suggest that the incidence of TB infection among hospital personnel may reflect the prevalence of tuberculosis in the community rather than an occupational hazard. Annual TB skin testing of hospital employees may be justified in eastern North Carolina where the incidence of tuberculosis (22-30 cases/ 100,000) is greater than the national average and where the risk of new TB infection among hospital employees is relatively common (≥1.5%).

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Zainuddin, AndiAlfian, Sri Ramadany, and Arif Santoso. "Depression among Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis at the State Hospital of Makassar." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 45, no. 4 (2020): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_50_20.

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Danlami, Mohammed Bashar, Basiru Aliyu, and Grace Samuel. "INCIDENCE OF RIFAMPICIN-RESISTANCE PRESUMPTIVE M. TUBERCULOSIS CASES AMONG OUTPATIENTS IN KEBBI STATE, NIGERIA." African Journal of Infectious Diseases 15, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajid.v15i1.6.

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Background: The present study determined the incidence of rifampicin resistance M. tuberculosis among outpatients at the General Hospital Yauri, Kebbi State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study conducted from February 2018 to October 2019. Sociodemographic data were collected from hospital registration books. Rifampicin resistance M. tuberculosis was detected using GeneXpert Model GX-IV following manufacturers' instruction. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were computed using SPSS version 20. The results were presented as odds ratios with associated 95% confidence intervals, and P-value at 0.05. Result: Of the 837 samples, 65.8% (551/837) were males, and 34.2% (286/837) females, 11.4% (95/837) HIV-seropositive. M. tuberculosis was detected in 15.5% (130/837), of which 116/130 (89.23%) were males and 14/130 (10.77%) females. M. tuberculosis¬-HIV coinfection was detected in 9.47% (9/95) of HIV positive. Rifampicin resistance was observed in 1.3% (11/837), 7.7% (10/130) in M. tuberculosis patients and 1.05% (1/94) in HIV seropositive. In logistic regression, the odds ratio for having a rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis was 0.49 (0.15-1.54) for > 30 years; taking <30 years as the reference value, 1.02 (1.00-1.03) for male; taking female as the reference value, and 0.78 (0.09-6.15) for HIV positive, taking negative as the reference value. Conclusion: This study reported the current incidence rate of rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis at the General Hospital Yelwa Yauri, Kebbi State, Nigeria, among presumptive TB patients. Patients diagnosed with rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis were predominantly male adults. Thus, frequent screening is vital for surveillance and reduces the risk of transmission and spread of M. tuberculosis infections.

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Medrano, Belinda A., Gloria Salinas, Connie Sanchez, Roque Miramontes, Blanca I. Restrepo, Maryam B. Haddad, and Lauren A. Lambert. "A Missed Tuberculosis Diagnosis Resulting in Hospital Transmission." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 35, no. 5 (May 2014): 534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/675833.

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Objective.To find the source of tuberculin skin test conversions among 38 hospital employees on 1 floor during routine testing January–February 2010.Methods.Record review of patients at a private hospital during September-December 2009 and interviews with hospital employees. Names of patients from the state tuberculosis (TB) registry were cross-referenced with hospital records for admissions. Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotype results in the county and adjacent counties were examined, and contacts were evaluated for TB infection and disease.Results.One of the 38 employees, a nurse, was diagnosed with pulmonary TB with a matching M. tuberculosis genotype and drug resistance pattern (isoniazid monoresistant) to those of a county jail inmate also recently diagnosed with pulmonary TB. The nurse had no known contact with that inmate; however, another inmate in his 20's from the same jail had been hospitalized under that nurse's care in October 2009. That young man died, and a postmortem examination result subsequently confirmed TB, which had not been suspected. Exposure to this man with undiagnosed TB could explain the transmission: 87 (27%) of the 318 hospital-based contacts without previous positive tuberculin skin test results were infected, and 9 contacts had active TB.Conclusions.This investigation demonstrated M. tuberculosis transmission in a hospital due to a missed diagnosis and nonadherence to national TB infection control guidelines. Routine TB screening of employees allowed early detection of this missed TB diagnosis, facilitating prompt evaluation of contacts. Healthcare providers should suspect TB in symptomatic persons and adhere to TB control policies.

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Aliyu, Nuruddeen. "Predictors of Treatment Outcomes among Tuberculosis Patients Treated in Specialist hospital, Sokoto State, Nigeria." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 7, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.07.03.art012.

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Kummari, Madhusudan, Amaresh Rao Malempati, Surya S. Gopal Palanki, Kaladhar Bomma, and Chakravarthy Goutham. "Outcomes of pleural decortication in a tertiary care hospital of Telangana state." International Surgery Journal 7, no. 4 (March 26, 2020): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20201059.

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Background: The objective of the study was to study the clinical profile, incidence of postoperative complications in patients undergoing pleural decortication.Methods: The subjects for the study were selected from the cases admitted in a single unit of Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad during the period of 2016 to 2018 and due ethics committee approval was taken. Collection of data is done from the database including admission record, ICU charts, discharge records and follow-up records. 50 patients underwent surgery. Outcomes and complications were analyzed for 3 years duration.Results: 50 patients were included in this study with different aetiologies that required pleural decortication. The average age of patients in our study was 34 years. Most patients in our study were male (80%) and had history of infection with tuberculosis (42%) and pyogenic (28%) infection. A few patients had history of trauma (12%). Most of the patients suffered from cough (88%), dyspnoea (74%), fever (82%) and haemoptysis (22%). The common postoperative complications we encountered were pleural air leak (37.5%) bleeding (25%) infection (25%) and recurrence (2%). Overall morbidity from pleural decortication was seen in 16 patients, and there was no mortality.Conclusions: The most common reason for pleural decortication is still empyema thoracis secondary to infection in the developing countries. Tuberculosis is still the most common cause leading to fibrothorax requiring pleural decortication followed closely by pyogenic lung infections and trauma.

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Fatima, S., N. Aleemuddin, and Fakeha Firdous. "Tuberculosis Burden -In Non-HIV Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Hyderabad Telangana State." International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health 10, no. 3 (January 10, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2015/19094.

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Bello, Lateef, Mujeeb Shittu, Bashirat Shittu, Adeolu Oluremi, Oluwagbenga Akinnuroju, and Saheed Adekola. "Rifampicin-monoresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among the patients visiting chest clinic, state specialist hospital, Akure, Nigeria." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 2, no. 3 (2014): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/2320-6012.ijrms20140898.

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Livingston, K. A., M. N. Lobato, L. E. Sosa, G. E. Budnick, J. Bernardo, and New England Laboratory Study Group. "Mycobacterium tuberculosis testing practices in hospital, commercial and state laboratories in the New England states." International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 15, no. 9 (September 1, 2011): 1218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.10.0640.

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Mahmutov, I. F., R. A. Zalyaliev, G. Yu Batrhanova, N. E. Kondratieva, and L. I. Kamalov. "Chronic tuberculous rhinosinusitis in a patient with widespread destructive pulmonary tuberculosis." Kazan medical journal 82, no. 3 (June 15, 2001): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj72141.

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We observed a case of chronic left-sided maxillary rhinosinusitis of tuberculous etiology. K., 57 years old, has been registered with the State Medical Institution "Phthisiology" for infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis since 1998.He was repeatedly treated in a tuberculosis hospital and outpatient with short courses. In January 2000, he was admitted to the Kazan City Tuberculosis Hospital due to complaints of cough with scant sputum, weakness, shortness of breath during physical exertion; negative X-ray dynamics was also observed. After clinical, radiological, laboratory and bacteriological examination methods, he was clinically diagnosed with infiltrative tuberculosis of the upper lobe of the left lung in the phase of decay and contamination of CD (+).

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Ábrego-Fernández, Juan Ángel, and Rafael Laniado-Laborín. "Social Determinants Associated with Tuberculosis Mortality in a General Hospital in Mexico." Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 15, no. 1 (September 12, 2019): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573398x15666190119160031.

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Background: Most TB deaths can be prevented with timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. In fact, millions of people are diagnosed and treated successfully every year, avoiding millions of deaths. However, globally, there are still huge gaps in detection and treatment. Objective: To identify the social determinants associated with mortality due to TB in a general hospital in Mexico. Methodology: All patients admitted with a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis to the Emergency Department of a hospital in Mexico were included during a 10-month period. At the end of the study, the condition of discharge of all cases was obtained from the electronic database of the State Tuberculosis Program. Results: One-hundred and twenty-four patients with tuberculosis were included in the sample. Thirty-eight patients (30.6%) died during their hospital stay and eleven (8.9%) died outside the hospital after their discharge, for a total of 49 (39.5%) deaths. Of the 29 patients with HIV/AIDS, 12 died (41.3%). Logistic regression analysis showed that older age, imprisonment, and previous tuberculosis were significant predictors of mortality. Conclusion: The mortality of tuberculosis patients diagnosed in HGT is very high, mainly because the diagnosis is established at the hospital level, which implies a late diagnosis.

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Audu, O., OS Ogiri, S.-A. Igbabul, OO Ijachi, PO Enokela, and J. Anejo-Okopi. "Weak Intra-facility Referral Linkages: Missed Opportunity for Tuberculosis Case Detection and Treatment in a Tertiary Health Facility in Benue State, Nigeria." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 3, no. 4 (December 24, 2020): 444–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.197.

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Despite the scale up of quality-assured Tuberculosis diagnostic and treatment strategies over the years, case detection rate remains a serious challenge globally and particularly in Nigeria. Integrated service delivery is essential to addressing some of the challenges, but it's often neglected especially in low income settings. Recognizing these limitations, a 27-months retrospective review of all presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis cases sent to the directly observed short course treatment centre of Benue State University Teaching Hospital, a tertiary health institution in north central Nigeria was conducted to assess the source of referrals and diagnostic processes including outcome of the tests. Chi- square (χ2) test was used for test of association between the intra-facility linkages/referrals system and the tuberculosis case detection rate, with statistical significance set at p-value of ≤5%. There were 918 presumptive Tuberculosis cases with male to female ratio (M: F) of 1:1.3. The mean age of patients was 41.0.0 ±18.4 years. Majority (33.7%, n=) of the referrals were from general outpatient department of the hospital, followed by sexually transmitted infection clinic (26.0%) and Paediatrics department (1.6%, n=). The diagnostic positive rate was 145(15.8%). Overall, 295(32.2%) did not collect their results, of these 76(25.8%) were positive and 219(74.2%) were negative. The relationship between the missed cases and the weak intra-facility referral linkages was statistically significant (p=0.000). The hospital management should consider the engagement of all relevant health care providers on efficient two-way referral system towards ensuring adequate Tuberculosis case notification and prompt treatment.

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Daniel, Olusoji J., Janet Olufisayo Bamidele, John Kolawole Sodeinde, Adeola Adebayo Ekundayo, and Adekunle Albert Salako. "Rifampicin resistance among patients with Tuberculosis at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu." Annals of Health Research 4, no. 1 (June 17, 2018): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30442/ahr.0401-1-07.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Nigeria. The emergence of multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis poses a threat to global Tuberculosis control and if not effectively addressed, may wipe out the achievements of previous efforts in controlling Tuberculosis. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with rifampicin resistance amongpatients receiving care for TB at the OlabisiOnabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu. Methods: A retrospective study of presumptive Tuberculosis cases managed between January 2013 and December 2016 at the Directly Observed Treatment clinic, OlabisiOnabanjoUniversity Teaching Hospital Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria,was done. One sputum sample was obtained from each patient for the Gene Xpert® test to diagnoseTB and to determine rifampicin resistance among patients with confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. HIV screening was also carried out on all the patients using HIV Rapid Test kits. The sociodemographic data were retrieved from the presumptive Tuberculosis register. Results: A total of 1572 presumptive TB patients were screened for TB, out of which 187 (11.8%) were confirmed to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). A total of 20 (10.7%) of the 187 MTB patients had rifampicin resistance using Gene Xpert® method. Rifampicin resistance rate was significantlyassociated with re-treatment TB category but not with age, sex or HIV status. Conclusion: The study showed rifampicin drug resistance among confirmed TB patients. There is a need to decentralizethe use of Gene Xpert® test for TB to the peripheral facilities and make it a point of care test for presumptive TB patients.

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Fadare, Risikat Idowu, Oluwaseyi Abiodun Akpor, Ifeanyi Goodness Ifechukwude, Agbana Richard D, and Cecilia Bukola Bello. "Nurses’ Safety in Caring for Tuberculosis Patients at a Teaching Hospital in South West Nigeria." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2020 (June 16, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3402527.

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Background. Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death due to infectious diseases worldwide ranking above HIV/AIDS, and Nigeria is rated as the 7th worldwide and the 2nd in Africa among the 30 countries highly burdened with tuberculosis worldwide. Aim. To investigate the challenges encountered by nurses in the care of TB patients in a Federal Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Setting. Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria. Methods. A qualitative contextual method was utilized with the sample size determined by data saturation. Data collection was done through an audiotaped, semistructured interview. The study sample consisted of 20 professional nurses working in the medical and paediatric wards of a selected Federal Teaching Hospital in South West, Nigeria. Data was analysed using Tesch’s content analysis approach. Results. The majority of the participants were females within the age group of 31–40 years. Challenges included inadequate availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), lack of isolation wards, delegating the care of tuberculosis patients to young inexperienced nurses, long process in diagnosing patients with tuberculosis, lack of policies protecting the nurses from exposure to tuberculosis, and inadequate training. The major concern was the fear of contracting tuberculosis. Conclusion. The study suggested that there should be a provision of adequate personal protective equipment; tuberculosis designated wards and provision of periodic training to update the nurses on care of tuberculosis patients. Establishment and execution of hospital policies and practices along with support are equally essential in facilitating a safe workplace for nurses.

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NISHIMURA, KAZUTAKA. "Re-emerging infectious disease, pulmonary tuberculosis. III. From disease state to diagnosis. 9. Medical care for tuberculosis and cooperation with hospital and clinic." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 89, no. 5 (2000): 899–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.89.899.

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Casela, Marilda, Silvânia Maria Andrade Cerqueira, Thais de Oliveira Casela, Mariana Araújo Pereira, Samanta Queiroz dos Santos, Franco Andres Del Pozo, Songeli Menezes Freire, and Eliana Dias Matos. "Rapid molecular test for tuberculosis: impact of its routine use at a referral hospital." Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 44, no. 2 (April 2018): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37562017000000201.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the impact of the use of the molecular test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its resistance to rifampin (Xpert MTB/RIF), under routine conditions, at a referral hospital in the Brazilian state of Bahia. Methods: This was a descriptive study using the database of the Mycobacteriology Laboratory of the Octávio Mangabeira Specialized Hospital, in the city of Salvador, and georeferencing software. We evaluated 3,877 sputum samples collected from symptomatic respiratory patients, under routine conditions, between June of 2014 and March of 2015. All of the samples were submitted to sputum smear microscopy and the Xpert MTB/RIF test. Patients were stratified by gender, age, and geolocation. Results: Among the 3,877 sputum samples evaluated, the Xpert MTB/RIF test detected M. tuberculosis in 678 (17.5%), of which 60 (8.8%) showed resistance to rifampin. The Xpert MTB/RIF test detected M. tuberculosis in 254 patients who tested negative for sputum smear microscopy, thus increasing the diagnostic power by 59.9%. Conclusions: The use of the Xpert MTB/RIF test, under routine conditions, significantly increased the detection of cases of tuberculosis among sputum smear-negative patients.

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Rasmusson, Jenna, Priya Sampathkumar, and Nancy Wengenack. "Whole-Genome Sequencing for Investigation of Possible Hospital Transmission of Tuberculosis." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.1099.

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Background: Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is increasingly used in epidemiological investigations of infectious diseases. We describe the use of WGS to identify drug-resistance variants of tuberculosis (TB) and to determine potential transmission between patients at an academic medical center. Methods: Chart review and interviews of patients and healthcare workers along with WGS of M. tuberculosis isolates from the patients. Clinical information: In June 2019, patient A, a 20-year-old college student born in the United States was admitted with massive hemoptysis. The patient was identified as having active, cavitary TB that was acid-fast smear positive, and the mycobacterial culture grew M. tuberculosis. Patient B, a 40-year-old foreign-born patient with advanced lung cancer was acid-fast smear negative, but mycobacterial cultures were positive for M. tuberculosis. The 2 patients had overlapping stays in the medical intensive care unit. There was concern that patient B had acquired TB during her stay in the hospital from patient A, who was highly infectious. WGS showed that the mycobacterial isolates from the 2 patients were unrelated. Patient A was a student at a college campus where the state health department had previously issued a health advisory concerning active pulmonary TB in a student; and 7 additional TB cases were subsequently identified through contact investigation. Patient A denied any contact with other persons who were part of the outbreak and had not been included in the contact investigations of any of the cases. Of the 8 outbreak cases, 6 had been seen at our institution and had isolates available for testing. WGS showed that these 6 isolates matched patient A, establishing that she was part of the college outbreak. Conclusions: WGS was useful in establishing the source of M. tuberculosis infection in a patient who did not have known exposure to TB and in demonstrating that transmission of TB did not occur in the hospital.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

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Madaki, Umar Yusuf, Abdul-Aziz Usman, Audu Edeghagba Eghosa Elijah, and Abubakar Abdullahi. "A Mathematical Modelling on Tuberculosis Dynamics Incorporating Treatment (A Case Study of General Hospital Potiskum, Yobe State)." Scholars Journal of Physics, Mathematics and Statistics 7, no. 10 (October 11, 2020): 240–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjpms.2020.v07i10.003.

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Shetty, Shashank, L. Umesh, S. M. Shivaprasad, V. Leelavathi, and G. C. Sreedhara. "Gastrointestinal tuberculosis in renal transplant: An experience from a state run tertiary care hospital in South India." Indian Journal of Transplantation 10, no. 4 (October 2016): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijt.2016.09.005.

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Madaki, Umar Yusuf, Abdul-Aziz Usman, Audu Edeghagba Eghosa Elijah, and Abubakar Abdullahi. "A Mathematical Modelling on Tuberculosis Dynamics Incorporating Treatment (A Case Study of General Hospital Potiskum, Yobe State)." Scholars Journal of Physics, Mathematics and Statistics 7, no. 10 (October 11, 2020): 240–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjpms.2020.v07i10.003.

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Sousa, George Jó Bezerra, Julio Cesar de Oliveira Silva, Talita Vaz de Queiroz, Lia Guedes Bravo, Gizelly Castelo Branco Brito, Aline de Souza Pereira, Maria Lúcia Duarte Pereira, and Luciana Kelly Ximenes dos Santos. "Clinical and epidemiological features of tuberculosis in children and adolescents." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 72, no. 5 (October 2019): 1271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0172.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of tuberculosis in children and adolescents in an infectious diseases reference hospital. Method: A documental and retrospective study was carried out with 88 medical files in an infectious diseases reference hospital in the state of Ceará. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate approaches. Results: It was found that, depending on the tuberculosis type, its manifestations may vary. The logistic regression model considered only pulmonary tuberculosis due to a number of observations and included female sex (95% CI: 1.4-16.3), weight loss (95% CI: 1.8-26.3), bacilloscopic screening (95% CI: 1.5-16.6) and sputum collected (95% CI: 1.4-19.4) as possible predictors. Conclusions: Children and adolescents present different manifestations of the disease depending on the tuberculosis type that affects them. Knowing the most common features of each condition could enhance early diagnosis and, consequently, result in adequate treatment and care.

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Bock, Naomi N., Mark J. Sotir, Patricia L. Parrott, and Henry M. Blumberg. "Nosocomial Tuberculosis Exposure in an Outpatient Setting Evaluation of Patients Exposed to Healthcare Providers With Tuberculosis." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 20, no. 6 (June 1999): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/501644.

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Objective:To evaluate the risk of tuberculosis (TB) transmission to patients potentially exposed to two healthcare providers who worked in outpatient settings for several weeks prior to being diagnosed with acid-fast bacilli smear-positive pulmonary TB.Design:Potentially exposed patients were notified by letter and television reports of the recommended evaluation for TB infection or disease and availability of free screening at the hospital. Prevalence of infection in the screened patients and the incidence rate of TB over the subsequent 2 years were compared to those of a control group of unexposed outpatients.Setting:An urban inner-city hospital.Patients:1,905 patients with potential exposure to the ill healthcare workers; 487 (25%) presented for evaluation. Controls consisted of 951 unexposed patients.Results:361 potentially exposed patients had their tuberculin test read; 97 (27%) had a purified protein derivative ≥10 mm. In the comparison group, 148 (25%) of 600 with test readings had a ≥10-mm reaction (risk ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 0.86-1.60). In multivariate analysis, male gender, non-white race, and older age were significantly associated with a positive tuberculin test; exposure was not. No TB cases were identified during screening. Two years after the exposure, 7 TB cases had been reported to the state registry among 1,905 potentially exposed patients (184 cases/100,000 person-years) versus 4 cases in the comparison group of 951 (210 cases/100,000 person-years).Conclusions:Evaluation of patients exposed to health-care workers with TB disease in ambulatory settings of an inner-city hospital revealed no evidence of transmission ofMycobacterium tuberculosisdue to the exposure.

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Əliağa oğlu Ağayev, İbadulla, and Saleh Bakir oğlu Əhmədov. "Factors affecting the epidemic process of tuberculosis among servicemen." NATURE AND SCIENCE 03, no. 01 (March 5, 2021): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2707-1146/06/4-12.

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One of the main tasks of military epidemiology is to study the driving forces of the epidemic process in military teams and to conduct retrospective, prospective and operational analysis among servicemen and evaluate the results. The article is devoted to the analysis of the factors influencing the TB epidemic process, which was first detected among servicemen in 2009-2018. For this purpose, on the basis of medical documents (epidemiological Anamnesis sheet Form-20) of military servicemen discharged from army ranks with tuberculosis diagnosis from the Armed Forces Lung Diseases Hospital of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2009-2018 have been analyzed age groups, frequency of occurrence, detection methods, clinical forms and bactericidal properties of the disease. TB incidence rates of servicemen of the Ministry of Defense and the Special State Protection Service who were discharged from the army after being hospitalized with a diagnosis of tuberculosis at the Armed Forces Lung Diseases Hospital have been calculated. Key words: tuberculosis, military servicemen, service periods, age groups, clinical forms of tuberculosis

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Pelumi Daniel, Adewole, Owolabi Folayemi Veronica, and Adelakun Adedayo Olabode. "ADENOSINE DEAMINASE LEVEL IN DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 09 (September 30, 2021): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13392.

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Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the health problems in Nigeria and worldwide. Adenosine Deaminase acts in proliferation and differentiation of lymphocyte, especially T lymphocyte. It also acts in maturation of monocytes transforming them to macrophage. Adenosine Deaminase is a significant indicator of active cellular immunity. Adenosine Deaminase has been proposed to be a useful surrogate marker for TB because it can be detected in body fluids such as pleural, pericardial and peritoneal fluid. This study aimed to determine the relationship between Adenosine Deaminase and drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) among patients attending Tuberculosis Clinic in Government Chest Hospital, Jericho, Oyo State, Nigeria. Methodology: A prospective case-control study involving thirty (30) Multi-Drug Resistance Tuberculosis patients and thirty (30) apparently healthy participants in Tuberculosis Clinic in Government Chest Clinic Hospital, Jericho, Oyo State, Nigeria. Theparticipants socio-demographic data was obtained using questionnaire. Sputum samples were collected from each patient from the two groups of participants in leak proof screw capped specimen containers. About 5 mL of venous blood sample was collected from the antecubital fossa of the study participants into vacutainer plain tubes. Sputum samples collected were analysed for Mycobacterium tuberculosis using Gene Xpert. Blood sample collected was analyzed for Adenosine Deaminase using ELISA method. The prevalence of MDR-TB was 0.18%, majority of MDR-TB were within age of 15-30 years with mean age 36.30Â±13.40 years with female having 63.3% and male 36.7%. Among MDR-TB, the meanÂ±SD Adenosine Deaminase activity was 37.67Â±15.25 IU/L and among Healthy controls, the meanÂ±SD of Adenosine Deaminase was 12.26Â±5.11 IU/L. There was significance increased in ADA activity among MDR-TB participants when compared to Healthy controls at p-value<0.05 (p=0.001). ADA level of 18 IU/L cut off point has a sensitivity of 90.0%, specificity of 87.0% and diagnostic accuracy of 88.0%. In conclusion, there was moderately high prevalence of MDR-TB among the study participants. There was increased in ADA levels among MDR-TB. High sensitivity and specificity of ADA activity was observed among MDR-TB. This might be a useful alternative test to diagnose and rule out drug resistance tuberculosis.

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SILVA, Amanda D., Thaylany C. AMORIM, Ádeny M. ARAGÃO, Maria J. IBAÑEZ, José A. FILHO, and Rosali M. SILVA. "Quality of life evaluation of coinfected patients with HIV/tuberculosis in a hospital in northeast Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Farmácia Hospitalar e Serviços de Saúde 11, no. 2 (July 24, 2020): 0346. http://dx.doi.org/10.30968/rbfhss.2020.112.0346.

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Objectives: To evaluate the quality of life of patients coinfected with HIV/tuberculosis and to understand their perception of their health. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a hospital in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Data were collected between November 2017 and April 2018 through interviews. The WHOQOL-HIV Bref instrument was used, obtaining the total score and performance in the domains: physical, psychological, level of independence, social relationships, environment, spirituality. Sociodemographic and clinical data from the Logistic Control System of Medicines (SICLOM®) were also collected through a questionnaire. Results: Twenty-six patients were interviewed, 76.9% were male, mostly heterosexual, single, 43.1% presented an advanced state of immune system compromise. 73.1% considered their health "good" or "very good" and 69.2% did not consider themselves sick. The general quality of life, score from zero (worst quality of life) to one hundred (best quality of life) obtained an average of 69.6 ± 9.1. In the domains, the worst average was obtained at the independence level (11.1 ± 2.6) and the highest scores were in the spirituality (15.5 ± 3.8) and psychological (15.3 ± 2.2) domains. Conclusions: The low level of independence and the unfavorable socioeconomic conditions were important aspects influencing in the quality of life of the studied population. Knowledge about the most affected domains in the quality of life allows the elaboration of clinical guidelines and public assistance policies that contribute to the well-being of these patients.

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Obi Daniel, Ebenezer, Aminat Abiola Ojewale, Paul Olaiya Abiodun, Gabriel Omoniyi Ayeni, Olayinka Victor Ojo, and Oladapo Michael Olagbegi. "The Efficacy of Anti-Retroviral Therapy on HIV Patients with and Without Tuberculosis: A Comparative Study in a State Hospital Bida Niger State Nigeria." International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science 5, no. 2 (2019): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijhpebs.20190502.13.

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Tverdyukova, Elena D. "COMBATING TUBERCULOSIS IN LENINGRAD IN THE 1940S." Ural Historical Journal 70, no. 1 (2021): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2021-1(70)-39-46.

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The article analyzes the incidence of tuberculosis and the fight against it in Leningrad in the 1940s. The study is based on office documents and statistical materials from the funds of the Central State Archive of St. Petersburg (fund 7384 — St. Petersburg City Council of People’s Deputies and Fund 9156 — Health Committee of the Administration of St. Petersburg) and the Central State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation of St. Petersburg (fund 295 — Scientific Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology). The dynamics of morbidity and mortality are given, the measures of the authorities are analyzed (regulation of the hospital, dispensary and sanatorium network, food supply of patients). The author concludes that during the siege years the epidemic spread of tuberculosis was facilitated not only by objective factors (poor living conditions of the population, hunger and vitamin deficiency, lack of qualified medical personnel), but also by organizational miscalculations of city health authorities and the focus of the authorities and doctors on the prevention of gastrointestinal-intestinal infections. The wave of morbidity was brought down in 1943, but as the evacuees and demobilized from the front returned to the city, tuberculosis again began to acquire the character of an epidemic. The system of post-war measures to combat tuberculosis included early detection of diseases, vaccinations, treatment and prophylactic activities, and health education. The collective efforts of epidemiologists, phthisiatricians and the sanitary inspection managed to somewhat reduce the severity of the problem, but financing of medicine on a leftover basis and the lack of a sufficient number of effective drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis reduced the effectiveness of doctors.

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Sullivan, Noelle. "‘Like a real hospital’: imagining hospital futures through homegrown public–private partnerships in Tanzania." Africa 90, no. 1 (January 2020): 209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972019001013.

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AbstractThis article traces a shift in how hospital workers at a Tanzanian public hospital thought about their workplace. In 2010, for the first time, staff began collectively imagining what they called ‘a real hospital’. This collective dreaming of institutional possibilities emerged due to two transformations: a shift in Tanzanian government policies enabling government institutions to initiate their own ‘public–private partnerships’ (PPPs) with non-state ‘partners’ such as NGOs, private businesses, investors, missionary organizations and others; and the hospital's early successes in attracting (a few) partners. Unlike familiar global PPPs such as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, Tanzania's PPP policy allowed health facilities to initiate their own partnerships in order to improve public services. Drawing on longitudinal ethnographic research in one government hospital, this article traces successful, failed and fraught partnership initiatives through which public-sector health workers tried to improve hospital infrastructure and capacity. In tracing institutional aspirations and local workers’ efforts to achieve them through homegrown PPPs, this article highlights the contingency and malleability of public and private spheres operating within public health service provision in Tanzania, as well as the opportunities available to health workers and the constraints involved in attempting to improve hospital care.

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Abraham, Nwobodo, Ngwu, Onwuatuegwu, Nwaogwugwu, Adelowo, Adegbite, Chock, and Ogbonna. "HUMAN IMMUNO DEFICIENCY VIRUS AND TUBERCULOSIS COINFECTION AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING HOLLEY MEMORIAL HOSPITAL OCHADAMU, OFU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KOGI STATE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 8 (August 31, 2017): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i8.2017.2182.

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Tuberculosis and human Immuno-deficiency virus co-epidemics remain a major public health challenge particularly in resource limited settings. This study determined the prevalence of HIV co-infection among TB patients and the risk factors among patients attending Holly memorial Hospital Ochadamu, Ofu L.G.A., Kogi State, Nigeria. Two hundred (200) patients participated in the research, out of which one hundred and seventy three (173) were already confirmed to be HIV positive. Sputum samples were collected by experts into sample bottles aseptically for Acid fast Bacilli test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis; while blood samples were collected by trained nurses from the same candidates by venepuncture into anticoagulated bottles for HIV screening to re- confirm their status. Questionnaires were also administered to obtain some important demographic data. Sputum smear microscopy was carried out to test for Acid Fast Bacilli. Rapid haemagglutination assay was carried out to re-confirm the HIV status of the patients. Results showed that Twenty seven (27) patients signifying 13.5 % were TB/HIV co-infected. There was significant (p<0.05) relationship between TB and HIV status of the patients and clinical symptoms (dry cough, cough with sputum, weight loss and fever). There is need to study Immuno-haematological indices (CD4 count, Full Blood Count and ESR) routinely to monitor TB and HIV patients on regular basis in order to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the diseases.

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Nechaeva, O. B. "The state and prospects of TB control service in Russia during the COVID-19 pandemic." Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases 98, no. 12 (January 18, 2021): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21292/2075-1230-2020-98-12-7-19.

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The objective: to determine the state and prospects of TB control services including the period during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials. Data from Federal Statistic Surveillance Forms no. 4, 8, 14, 14-DS, 30, 33, 47, and 61 were analyzed. The number of those died is presented as per the data of Rosstat.Research methods: epidemiological and statistical analysis, expert assessment, and content analysis of publications and regulations.Results. In Russia in the second decade of the XXI century, there was a significant improvement of tuberculosis situation. From 2010 to 2019, the reduction of the rates was the following: incidence – from 77.2 to 41.2 per 100,000 population (by 46.6%); prevalence – from 177.5 to 86.4 per 100,000 population (by 51.3%); mortality – from 15.4 to 5.1 per 100,000 population (3-fold reduction).In recent years, one can anticipate the stabilization of HIV situation. Over 10 years (2006-2015), the average growth rate of indicators was the following: incidence – by 9.8%, prevalence at the end of the year – by 9.4%, mortality – by 26.6%. In 2016-2019, HIV incidence became stable (2019 – 54.6 per 100,000 population). In 2019, for the first time HIV mortality decreased by 2.1% and reached 13.7 per 100,000 population. The number of lethal TB/HIV co-infection cases is going down. People at the age of 15-34 fall ill (2019 – 37.6%) and die (23.6%) less often versus all new cases and those who died of HIV infection. Russia has the highest coverage of the population with HIV tests (28.5%).Epidemics of tuberculosis and coronavirus infection are developing in the opposite directions. High rates of COVID-19 are observed in regions with low tuberculosis rates, therefore the COVID-19 pandemic will not result in the increase of tuberculosis incidence in the population that is predominantly not infected with tuberculosis. Conversely, in regions with a high level of tuberculosis infection in the population, the number of coronavirus cases is significantly lower.In Russia, in the near future COVID-19 will not contribute to the increase in incidence and mortality of tuberculosis and HIV infection. The negative effects of the pandemic are partially offset by a sharp reduction in contacts, an increase in lung computed tomography, regular supply of anti-tuberculosis and antiretroviral drugs purchased by the state budgets of different levels, improved patients’ adherence to treatment, and the expansion of hospital-replacing technologies in specialized medical organizations.Facilities, resources and personnel of medical TB control services make it possible to expand their functions to fulfill the goals and objectives of the RF Healthcare Development Strategy for the period up to 2025 for socially significant infectious diseases that pose a biological threat to the population (tuberculosis, HIV infections, and parenteral viral hepatitis).

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SHISHIDO, SHINJI. "Re-emerging infectious disease, pulmonary tuberculosis. V. Recent topics. 1. Present state of herd infection and hospital infection, and countermeasures." Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 89, no. 5 (2000): 937–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.89.937.

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Arbex, Marcos Abdo, Hélio Ribeiro de Siqueira, Lia D'Ambrosio, and Giovanni Battista Migliori. "The challenge of managing extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis at a referral hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: a report of three cases." Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 41, no. 6 (December 2015): 554–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37562015000000299.

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ABSTRACT Here, we report the cases of three patients diagnosed with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and admitted to a referral hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, showing the clinical and radiological evolution, as well as laboratory test results, over a one-year period. Treatment was based on the World Health Organization guidelines, with the inclusion of a new proposal for the use of a combination of antituberculosis drugs (imipenem and linezolid). In the cases studied, we show the challenge of creating an acceptable, effective treatment regimen including drugs that are more toxic, are more expensive, and are administered for longer periods. We also show that treatment costs are significantly higher for such patients, which could have an impact on health care systems, even after hospital discharge. We highlight the fact that in extreme cases, such as those reported here, hospitalization at a referral center seems to be the most effective strategy for providing appropriate treatment and increasing the chance of cure. In conclusion, health professionals and governments must make every effort to prevent cases of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.

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Eke, Barnabas, Babarinde Ojo, Rymond Vhriterhire, Issac Akper, Victor Ugwu, and Confort Udu. "Surgical peripheral lymph node biopsies in Makurdi, Nigeria." International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences 6, no. 3 (November 14, 2019): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32457/ijmss.2019.024.

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This study aims at determining the diagnostic value of peripheral lymph node biopsy and common causes of lymph node enlargement from biopsies obtained from patients with lymph-node enlargement at different sites in a teaching hospital in north central Nigeria town of Makurdi, Benue State. This is a retrospective study of surgical peripheral lymph node biopsies received in the department of Anatomic Pathology, Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria from February, 2012 to September, 2019. Total number of lymph node biopsies during the period was 47 representing 1.0% of surgical pathology specimens submitted to the department; 25 cases were females and 22 were males. Metastatic nodal involvement (57%), lymphoma (23%) and tuberculosis lymphadenitis (11%) were the most common causes of lymph node enlargement. All the studied nodes were localized. The most common sites of lymphadenopathy were axillary (21%), cervical (16%) and Inguinal (6%). While axillary lymph node enlargements were mostly associated with tumor metastasis, cervical and inguinal node enlargements were mostly associated with tuberculosis and lymphoma, respectively. Surgical excision of nodal enlargement for histological examination represents a simple, good diagnostic yield with lack of significant morbidity or mortality.

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Lytvynenko, N. A., Yu O. Senko, L. M. Protsyk, V. V. Davydenko, S. P. Korotchenko, and T. V. Senko. "Optimal methods of psychological support in patientswith multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis and their effect on adherence to treatment." Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases, HIV Infection, no. 1 (March 23, 2021): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30978/tb2021-1-67.

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Tuberculosis is a severe infectious disease that negatively affects not only the physical condition of patients, but also the psychological condition of patients. The first thing — the shock of the first diagnosis of tuberculosis for the patient. The second thing — when the patient realizes that he must be treated for an unusually long time. Objective — to learn the impact of providing psychological support for the patients with tuberculosis in a phthisiatric hospital in the form of individual counseling and group classes for patients. Materials and methods. A prospective surgical study was provided to establish the level of knowledge, level of adherence to treatment of patients with tuberculosis and the degree of violation of their psycho-emotional state at the beginning of treatment, and individual counseling and group classes for patients. The study included 335 patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, who received treatment at the clinic of the National Institute of Phthisiology and Pulmonology named after F.G. Yanovsky NAMS of Ukraine on short-term and individualized regimens of antimycobacterial therapy in the framework of scientific developments. Patients received questionnaires before treatment and before discharge, counseling on tuberculosis and their psychological state, various group classes. Results and discussion. A comprehensive approach of treatment using different methods of psychological support allowed increasing the level of adherence to treatment by 32% in the group of patients who received a group classes, compared with those patients who didn’t; reduce the level of stigma by 40.5%, halve the severity anxiety disorders. Conclusions. Comprehensive psychological support should be a mandatory component in the treatment of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, which can significantly reduce stigma, improve the psychological state of patients and their adaptation in society.

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Dobanovacki, Dusanka, Nada Vuckovic, Radmila Gudovic, Vladimir Sakac, Milanka Tatic, and Vesna Tepavcevic. "Development of the city hospital in Novi Sad - Part I." Medical review 72, no. 5-6 (2019): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1906185d.

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Introduction. In 1907, the City Council of Novi Sad authorized the building of a new city hospital. The complex of hospital buildings was planned as a modern pavilion-style hospital with a 300 bed capacity. Foundation. The Pavilion 1 was intended for Admitting Department, Management and Administrative Departments. The facade of this building was decorated with a monumental mosaic of two angels. The Pavilion 2 was built for Departments of Surgery and Gynecology, whereas the Pavilion 3 included departments for patients with internal diseases, patients with skin and venereal diseases and maternity ward, but occasionally some infectious and neurological patients were treated there as well. In 1912, two new buildings were built: the first was the Antitrachoma Department and the other for patients with tuberculosis. During the First World War, the City Hospital was turned into a military hospital for the wounded, and also for those suffering from abdominal and typhoid fever, as well as from Spanish fever. Period between the two world wars. Since 1921, the founder of the hospital and its name have changed, and it has become the General State Hospital. After young physicians, educated at famous European medical centers, were employed, the Novi Sad State Hospital experienced a great advancement, especially in the field of surgery. In 1922, a new building was built, where the Bacteriological Station and the Pasteur Institute were established. The problems that the City Hospital was facing transferred to the General State Hospital, and were mostly financial. Before the Second World War, the State Hospital had a 455 bed capacity. After the Hungarian armed forces occupied Novi Sad in May 1941, the hospital director and all the ward physicians were replaced by Hungarian military doctors who worked there until September 1944.

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Aliyu, Nuruddeen. "Prevalence and Factors Associated with Tb-HIV Co-Infection among Tuberculosis Patients Treated at Specialist Hospital, Sokoto State, Nigeria 2014- 2017." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RESEARCH 6, no. 2 (November 18, 2019): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijcr.2014.06.02.art002.

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Khoza-Shangase, Katijah, and Megan Stirk. "Audiological testing for ototoxicity monitoring in adults with tuberculosis in state hospitals in Gauteng, South Africa." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 31, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v31i2.89.

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Background: Ototoxicity monitoring during treatment of medical conditions, where the medications used are known to be toxic to the ear, is an important scope of practice of the audiologist; and, is an important clinical service aimed at enhancing patients’ quality of life.Aim: The aim of the current study was to determine audiological testing practices for ototoxicity monitoring in adults with tuberculosis in State Hospitals in Gauteng, South Africa. Specific objectives included establishing if ototoxicity (cochleotoxicity) monitoring occurs; determining the timing as well as frequency of monitoring; and, establishing what management protocols are followed once ototoxicity is established.Methodology: A retrospective data record review design was adopted where hospital records from tuberculosis treatment units were reviewed. A total of 191 participant files comprised the research sample. Data obtained was analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: Findings indicated that out of 5 hospitals recruited, only one had an ototoxicity monitoring programme in place. At this programme only 66% of participants were enrolled in an ototoxicity monitoring program in which baseline audiological measures were only conducted one month post treatment in 41% of the samples monitored. The majority of those monitored had repeat measures conducted once monthly. No clear and systematic medical management of ototoxicity, once identified, was found in the current sample. A small number of participants’ medication was adjusted as an intervention measure.Conclusion: Findings demonstrate the need for systematic and integrated ototoxicity monitoring programs in tuberculosis treatment centres in South Africa; as well as highlight the need for the development of evidence-based management protocols for ototoxicity within state hospitals in this South African context.

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Muhammad, Y., S. Iliya, AY Sa’idu, A. Anka, K. Umar, Z. Sani, and I. Zainab. "Determination of Malondialdehyde and Superoxide Dismutase in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Subjects." Chinese Journal of Medical Research 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37515/cjmr.091x.3103.

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Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a dangerous bacterial infection that attacks the lungs. It has long been documented that there is an increase circulating levels of free radicals and oxidative stress markers in TB subjects. Malnutrition and deficient antioxidant capabilities further complicate the patient’s situation. The aim of this study is to determine the serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and normal volunteers at Rasheed Shekoni Teaching Hospital Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria. The present study consists of one hundred and thirty-four (134) subjects, Ninety (90) among which are diagnosed TB patients and forty-four (44) apparently healthy controls attending Rasheed Shekoni Teaching Hospital Dutse. Venous samples were collected from ninety consecutive, consenting PTB on drugs and those that have not started medications. MDA levels were analysed using the method of Nadigar et al (1986). The mean values of MDA in the 24 tuberculosis infected males who are yet to commence drug was 4.0±0.32, 2.8±0.53 in those that are on drugs and 2.0±0.23 in the male control subjects. It was 4.1±0.35, 2.9±0.29 and 1.9±0.32 in female that are TB infected and yet to commence drugs, those on drugs and the control subjects respectively. The total mean MDA value for those on tuberculosis drugs was 4.0±0.33, 2.8±0.46 for those that are yet to commence the treatment and 2.0±0.28 for the control subjects, the serum levels of SOD was found significantly lower (p<0.005) in PTB subjects on treatment compared to those without treatment and control subjects. Conclusively, the findings of the current study showed that pulmonary tuberculosis patients are predisposed to oxidative stress leading to an increased MDA and consequent decreased SOD levels as compared to the control subjects.

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Santos, Marcela Lopes, Joanna d’Arc Lyra Batista, Cynthia Braga, Adriana Paula da Silva, Magda Maruza, Wayner Vieira Souza, Maria Rosimery de Carvalho, Noemia Teixeira de Siqueira-Filha, and Maria de Fátima Pessoa Militão de Albuquerque. "Effectiveness of screening for tuberculosis in HIV: a pragmatic clinical trial." Revista de Saúde Pública 55 (July 23, 2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055002936.

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OBJECTIVE: To verify the effectiveness of screening for tuberculosis (TB) on all-cause mortality and tuberculosis cases in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients through a clinical algorithm based on recommendations of the World Health Organization. METHODS: From March 2014 to April 2016, a pragmatic randomized clinical trial was conducted with newly diagnosed and TB-free HIV-infected adults undergoing antiretroviral therapy for up to one month at a major tertiary hospital for HIV in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Participants were randomized into intervention and control groups using an automatically-generated random list, and followed-up for at least 6 months. The intervention group was screened for TB at hospital admission and at every follow-up visit through a series of questions addressing TB-related symptoms (cough, fever, night sweating, and weight loss). Patients presenting with any of these symptoms were referred to a pulmonologist and underwent sputum smear microscopy, sputum culture, and rapid molecular testing (GeneXpert). When at least one test result came back positive, TB treatment was initiated. In turn, if patients tested negative but presented with severe clinal symptoms, TB preventive treatment was initiated. Screening for TB was not performed systematically in the control group. The primary outcome assessed in this study was death from all causes, and secondary outcomes included sensitivity and specificity of this screening test, as well as its detection time. RESULTS: This study evaluated 581 patients, 377 in the intervention group (64.9%) and 204 in the control group (35.1%). In total, 36 patients died during the follow-up period. Of these, 26 (6.9%) were from the intervention group, reaching a cumulative mortality coefficient of 69 per 1,000 inhabitants, and 10 (4.9%) from the control group (p = 0.341), with a cumulative mortality coefficient of 49 per 1,000 inhabitants (p = 0.341).

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Panteleev, A. M., O. S. Sokolova, A. V. Zonova, S. A. Panteleeva, and A. V. Lutsenko. "Characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid under tuberculosis in patients with HIV-infection." HIV Infection and Immunosuppressive Disorders 13, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2077-9828-2021-13-1-53-58.

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Purpose. To carry out an analysis of characteristics and to reveal the peculiarities of laboratory changes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with tuberculosis of central nervous system associated with HIV-infection.Materials and methods. Analysis of 206 patients with CNS tuberculosis associated with HIV-infection who were treated in State Budgetary Healthcare Institution «City tuberculosis hospital No. 2» of Saint Petersburg during the period from 2006 to 2018 was conducted.Results and discussion. It was concluded that a mean protein level in CSF was 1,6±0,1 g/l and was significantly increased in patients with tubercular meningoencephalomyelitis. When decreasing the amount of CD4-lymphocytes, increasing of protein level in cerebrospinal fluid is observed. As cytosis increases, the amount of neutrophils increases too. Patients with tuberculous meningitis showed remarkable pleocytosis in comparison with patients with meningocephalitis. In 47% of cases, neutrophilic cell composition of CSF was registered. Therewith, the rate of neutrophils in CSF increased as the rate of lymphocytes decreased. Reducing of glucose in CSF was observed in the majority of patients with CNS tuberculosis independently of severity of immunosuppression and extent of brain injury.

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Huang, Chaorui C., David E. Lucero, Sungwoo Lim, Yihong Zhao, Robert J. Arciuolo, Joseph Burzynski, Demetre Daskalakis, et al. "Infectious Disease Hospitalizations, New York City, 2001-2014." Public Health Reports 135, no. 5 (July 20, 2020): 587–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354920935080.

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Objective Hospital discharge data are a means of monitoring infectious diseases in a population. We investigated rates of infectious disease hospitalizations in New York City. Methods We analyzed data for residents discharged from New York State hospitals with a principal diagnosis of an infectious disease during 2001-2014 by using the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System. We calculated annual age-adjusted hospitalization rates and the percentage of hospitalizations in which in-hospital death occurred. We examined diagnoses by site of infection or sepsis and by pathogen type. Results During 2001-2014, the mean annual age-adjusted rate of infectious disease hospitalizations in New York City was 1661.6 (95% CI, 1659.2-1663.9) per 100 000 population; the mean annual age-adjusted hospitalization rate decreased from 2001-2003 to 2012-2014 (rate ratio = 0.9; 95% CI, 0.9-0.9). The percentage of in-hospital death during 2001-2014 was 5.9%. The diagnoses with the highest mean annual age-adjusted hospitalization rates among all sites of infection and sepsis diagnoses were the lower respiratory tract, followed by sepsis. From 2001-2003 to 2012-2014, the mean annual age-adjusted hospitalization rate per 100 000 population for HIV decreased from 123.1 (95% CI, 121.7-124.5) to 40.0 (95% CI, 39.2-40.7) and for tuberculosis decreased from 10.2 (95% CI, 9.8-10.6) to 4.6 (95% CI, 4.4-4.9). Conclusions Although hospital discharge data are subject to limitations, particularly for tracking sepsis, lower respiratory tract infections and sepsis are important causes of infectious disease hospitalizations in New York City. Hospitalizations for HIV infection and tuberculosis appear to be declining.

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Suleiman, Yahaya Shamsuddeen. "Accessibility and Utilization of Tuberculosis Directly Observed Therapy in Primary Health Care Facilities in Katsina State, North West Nigeria." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 9, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.09.01.art003.

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Tuberculosis is a public health problem in Katsina state. Previous effort to decrease the burden of TB was substantially targeted at the secondary and tertiary level of care. The new strategy calls for the decentralization of DOTS at the PHC level. This study assessed the resources for diagnosis and treatment of TB, utilization of services in PHC facilities in Katsina state. The study design was a cross-sectional descriptive study and it enrolled 225 TB patients in 32 health facilities through a multi-stage sampling technique. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data from respondents. Qualitative data were also collected using KII. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20-software package. For the qualitative aspect, content analysis was done for KII. Of the Health facilities studied 7 (28%) were diagnostic centres while 25 (72%) were treatment (intake) centres. The mean age of TB patients was 39+13 years also the mean duration since the commencement of treatment was 3 months. The mean duration time before reaching the hospital was 39 + 27 minutes. The majority (98.5%) of TB patients had easy access to a health facility. About one third (34.4%) of the health facilities had and were using a microscope. In conclusion, the study revealed that resources for TB diagnosis were not adequate in most of the health facilities. However, resources for TB treatment were sufficient. The state government should provide more support in making TB resources adequate in all facilities.

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Prabhunatti, Shivanand, Aravind Karinagannanavar, and Jagadish Gaddeppanavar. "Proportion and determinants of delay in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in a tertiary care centre of Gadag, Karnataka." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 3 (February 27, 2020): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20200951.

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Background: In 1993, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a state of global emergency for tuberculosis (TB), due to the steady increase of the disease worldwide. India is the highest TB burden country accounting for one fifth (21%) of the global incidence. Objectives were to study: 1) average delay in diagnosis of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis cases, 2) reasons for the delayed diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 3) extra cost incurred by the newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methods: An observational study was conducted from April 2017 to October 2017 using a non-probability purposive sampling. Delayed diagnosis is defined as the time interval between the onset of symptoms to the initiation of treatment after 16 days. The data was collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. The performa included socio demographic profile of the study subjects, duration of delay in diagnosis, reasons for delay in diagnosis, direct and indirect cost incurred by the study subjects.Results: In present study we found that out of 66 patients majority of them found that for the first visit most of the patients preferred private hospitals (34.8%) followed by PHC (22.7%), district hospital (21.2%) CHC (13.6%) and the least was pharmacy (7.6%). Out of 66 patients, majority of the patients (63.6%) were diagnosed of pulmonary tuberculosis after their second visit. The main reasons were lack of awareness and lack of facilities in the peripheral health system.Conclusions: The mean patient delay was 13.13 days and the mean health care system delay was 25.3 days in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis.

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Dada, Michael Olugbamila. "Assessment of some haematological parameters among pre-treatment, 2 months, 4 months and 6 months treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis infected individuals in anambra state university teaching hospital, awka. anambra state, nigeria." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RESEARCH 3, no. 1 (July 22, 2016): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijcr.2014.03.01.art020.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Katutura Tuberculosis State Hospital'

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