Dissertations / Theses: 'Kavsam'

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Almqvist, Madeleine. "Vägen till en givande medborgardialog : En studie av framgångsfaktorer för muntlig kommunikation vid samrådsmöten." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-145541.

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Studien är en explorativ undersökning som syftar till att studera den muntliga kommunikationen vid samrådsmöten i detaljplaneprocessen idag och vilka framgångsfaktorer som finns och kan stärkas i framtiden. Syftet är också att tvärvetenskapligt undersöka länken mellan samrådsmötenas svårigheter och framgångsfaktorer med hälsoteorin känsla av sammanhang (kasam) om hur meningsfullhet, begriplighet och hanterbarhet kan användas som ledord för att överkomma svårigheter. Studien har sin utgångspunkt i två icke-deltagande observationer av samrådsmöten genomförda av Stockholm Stad och sex efterföljande djupintervjuer med de tjänstemän eller konsulter som varit med och utformat eller genomfört den muntliga kommunikationen. Resultatet visar på otillfredsställande meningsfullhet gällande formen för samrådsmötet och medborgarnas upplevelse i och med oklart syfte och mål samt olika förväntningar, vilket ledde till sammanställning av syftes- och målmodeller att användas som underlag till utformning av samrådsmöten. Studien genererade också en modell över framgångsfaktorer för muntlig kommunikation vid samrådsmöten med kasam som utgångspunkt, där också aspekter kring till viss del otillfredsställande begriplighet och hanterbarhet omfattas. Kasam-komponenterna anses av forskaren ha tydliggjort på vilka områden och på vilket sätt frustration och svårigheter uppkommer vid samrådsmöten och vilka aspekter som skulle kunna stärkas för att förebygga detta.

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Can, Özlem Aydoğan Tuncay. "Veri yapıları eğitimi alan öğrencilerin listeler konusundaki kavram yanılgılarının belirlenmesi /." Isparta : SDÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2009. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TF01279.pdf.

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Dorr, Priscilla Diaz. "Anna Kavan: a critical introduction /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1988. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/8811006.

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Füllner, Gert, Matthias Pfeifer, Georg Stähler, and René Pistor. "Einfluss der Fütterung auf die Qualität von Kaviar." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-154537.

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In Sachsen gewinnt die Aufzucht von Stören in Teichen zunehmend an Bedeutung, insbesondere um die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Warmwasserteichwirtschaft zu verbessern. Mit der Störerzeugung wurden Kapazitäten für die Herstellung von Farmkaviar geschaffen. Dieser ist jedoch starken Qualitätsunterschieden unterworfen. Störe neigen zu einer starken Verfettung des Eingeweidekomplexes, des Filets und der Gonaden, was geschmackliche Probleme zur Folge hat. Es wurde untersucht, ob spezielle Futtermittel, die für die finale Aufzuchtphase von Stören angeboten werden, geeignet sind, die Kaviarqualität zu verbessern und der Verfettung entgegenzuwirken. Mit allen vier geprüften Futtermitteln konnten gute Zuwachsleistungen und eine Verbesserung der Produktqualität erreicht werden. Alle Futtermittel erwiesen sich als geeignet für die Störaufzucht in der finalen Aufzuchtsaison vor der Kaviargewinnung. Die eingesetzten Futtermittel hatten jedoch weder Einfluss auf die zu gewinnende Menge, noch auf die Qualität des Kaviars.

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Becker-Kavan, Ingo [Verfasser]. "Rechtliche Fragen der Dienstaufsichtsbeschwerde / Ingo Becker-Kavan." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122004230/34.

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Walker, Victoria Carborne. "The fiction of Anna Kavan (1901-1968)." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8627.

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This thesis is a study of the British writer Anna Kavan (1901-1968). It begins by tracing Kavan’s life and examining the mythologies around her radical selfreinvention (in adopting the name of her own fictional character), madness and drug addiction. It attempts to map a place for her previously neglected work in twentieth-century women’s writing and criticism. Close reading of Kavan’s fiction attends to her uses of narrative voice in representing a divided self. Given Kavan’s treatment by the Swiss existential psychiatrist Ludwig Binswanger, the thesis explores connections between her writing and the British anti-psychiatry movement, especially R D Laing. Focussing primarily on the Modernist and Postmodern aspects of Kavan’s work, it also notes Gothic and Romantic inflections in her writing, establishing thematic continuity with her early Helen Ferguson novels. The first chapter looks at Kavan’s first collection of stories, Asylum Piece (1940) and her experimental novel, Sleep Has His House (1947). It reads her portrait of institutionalization as a nascent critique of asylum treatment, and considers Anaïs Nin’s longstanding interest in her work. Chapter Two draws on research into Kavan’s experiences during the Second World War, particularly her time working with soldiers in a military psychiatric hospital. Reading her second collection of stories I Am Lazarus (1945) as Blitz writing, it connects her fiction with her Horizon article ‘The Case of Bill Williams’ (1944) and explores the pacifist and anarchistic views in her writing. The third chapter, a reading of the novel Who Are You? (1963), argues that Kavan engages with existential philosophy in this text and explores parallels with Jean Rhys’ Wide Sargasso Sea. The final chapter looks at Kavan’s last and best known work, Ice (1967). Following Doris Lessing, this chapter reads the novel’s sadism as a political response to the Second World War. Contesting critical interpretations which have pathologized Kavan’s fiction as solipsistic representations of her own experiences, this thesis aims to resituate her as a politically-engaged writer of her time.

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Bruner, Natalie R. "Discriminative-stimulus and time-course effects of kava-kava (Piper methysticum) in rats." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5602.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 37 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-34).

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Chanteraud, Annabel R. "La saga du kava : du Vanuatu à la Nouvelle-Calédonie /." Bordeaux : Centre de recherche sur les espaces tropicaux, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38801567r.

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Aktürk, Ahmet Acar Durmuş. "Muhasebe ihtiyatlılık kavramı ve İMKB ulusal sınai endeksinde işlem gören işletmeler üzerine bir araştırma /." Isparta : SDÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2008. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TS00604.pdf.

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Kavsur, Refik [Verfasser], and Sabine [Akademischer Betreuer] Riethdorf. "Charakterisierung von zirkulierenden Tumorzellen aus Patienten mit testikulären Keimzelltumoren / Refik Kavsur. Betreuer: Sabine Riethdorf." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1084213095/34.

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Kavsur, Refik Verfasser], and Sabine [Akademischer Betreuer] [Riethdorf. "Charakterisierung von zirkulierenden Tumorzellen aus Patienten mit testikulären Keimzelltumoren / Refik Kavsur. Betreuer: Sabine Riethdorf." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-77153.

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Gollnick, Wilma. "Prospektive Untersuchung zum Einfluss von Kava-Kava-Extrakt auf die Angst und Aufregung bei Patientinnen vor operativen gynäkologischen Eingriffen." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=959802797.

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Gaub, Melanie [Verfasser]. "Zur Bestimmung von Trockenextrakten mittels LC/CIS-MS und NIRS am Beispiel von Piper methysticum Forst. (Kava Kava) / Melanie Gaub." Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://d-nb.info/1170530214/34.

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Pinto, Viviane Machado. "Avaliação toxicológica da preparação fitoterápica contendo Piper methysticum Forst, piperaceae (Kava Kava ) sobre o desenvolvimento pré-natal de ratos winstar." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/6756.

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A kava kava (Piper methysticum Forst), pertencente à família Piperaceae, é utilizada para diminuir a ansiedade e medo e tratar distúrbios comportamentais. É um fitoterápico utilizado em vários países, entretanto pouco se sabe, sobre seus efeitos no desenvolvimento embrionário. O presente trabalho avaliou o possível efeito teratogênico da formulação fitoterápica contendo Piper methysticum Forst durante o período de organogênese em ratas Wistar. As ratas foram tratadas com 0mg.kg –1 (controle), 5mg.kg –1 ; 35mg.kg –1 e 50mg.kg –1 da preparação fitoterápica (kava kava®), por via oral, do 6° ao 15° dia de prenhez. Os resultados revelaram ausência de toxicidade sistêmica e reprodutiva nas variáveis avaliadas, fundamentados pela ausência de alterações no desenvolvimento ponderal, consumos de ração e água, na massa relativa dos órgãos, nas reabsorções embrionárias, na massa corporal, na vitalidade, no número de fetos por progenitora e nas alterações macroscópicas externas e esqueléticas dos fetos. Adicionalmente as enzimas alanina aminotrasferase (ALT) e fosfatase alcalina (FA) foram determinadas no soro das ratas tratadas, para avaliar o possível efeito hepatotóxico da preparação fitoterápica. Não houve alteração na atividade das enzimas ALT e FA, bem como alterações histopatológicas do fígado das ratas, não confirmando a hepatotoxicidade. Conclui-se que o fitoterápico kava kava, até 35mg.kg –1, não determina o aparecimento de teratogenicidade.

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Zacpalová, Lucie. "Geopolitika Jižního Kavkazu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72193.

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The thesis presents geopolitical situation of South Caucasus region in relation to Europe, with focus on the European Union. Specific geopolitical conditions of the South Caucasus led from the emergence of independent states in this area to so called "new great game" of interests of global powers. The relationship of the European Union to the South Caucasus developed in the time and in the thesis is presented on the background of this "game". The armed conflict of Georgia and Russia from August 2008 was a radical event in many aspects. And the European Union played one of the most important roles in it. With regard to a quite limited character of previous cooperation, this was a challenge for change in the European approach to the region. The goal of the thesis is whether the European Union managed to orient itself in the new geopolitical conditions of the region and succeeded to take advantage of such a possibility.

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Brunton, Ron. "The Abandoned narcotic : Kava and cultural instability in Melanesia /." Cambridge ; New York ; Melbourne : Cambridge university press, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb353464557.

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Kavka, Mareike Jana [Verfasser], Andrea [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Polle, and Elvira [Gutachter] Hörandl. "Phosphorus nutrition of poplar / Mareike Jana Kavka ; Gutachter: Andrea Polle, Elvira Hörandl ; Betreuer: Andrea Polle." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1133495680/34.

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Kaval, Karan Gautam [Verfasser], and Antje [Akademischer Betreuer] Flieger. "Identification of functional binding partners of Listeria monocytogenes DivIVA / Karan Gautam Kaval ; Betreuer: Antje Flieger." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1175820156/34.

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Lebot, Vincent. "Les Kavas en Océanie (Piper methysticum Forster et Piper Wichmannii) étude pluridisciplinaire d'une culture traditionnelle /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376150970.

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Siméoni, Patricia. "Buveurs de kavas : Géographie des déterminants de la qualité pour la valorisation d'une culture traditionnelle." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040068.

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Le kava et son breuvage sont chargés de symboles. Plante identitaire des insulaires du Pacifique, son histoire est indissociable de celle des peuples océaniens, depuis ses fondements mythiques. Boisson des Dieux, sur terre elle est devenue un breuvage sacré, une cachet politique, une distinction sociale, un synonyme de fêtes sociales, une offrande de marque, une boisson nationale, un emblème régional. C'est le breuvage d'une civilisation, qui l'accompagne au cours du temps, de la tradition à la modernité. L'existence et la distribution du kava n'ont rien de naturelles. La plante est le résultat d'une amélioration de l'espèce par les insulaires, et sa présence en un lieu donné celui de leur volonté à la maintenir à leur côté. Les buveurs de kavas ont façonné la plante et son breuvage pour répondre à leurs attentes. Notre travail est une étude géographique des déterminants de la qualité, depuis les origines jusqu'au présent, en vue de protéger un patrimoine culturel et de valoriser une culture traditionnelle issue d'espaces marginaux, dans un environnement de plus en plus mondialisé
The kava plant and its beverage are rich in symbols. The plant is linked to the cultural identity and history of the Pacific islanders, since their mythical origins. Drink of the Gods, on earth it becomes a sacred beverage, a political seal, a social distinction, a synonym of social feast, a valuable offering, a national drink, and a regional emblem. Kava is the beverage of a civilization, from its tradition to its modernity. Kava existence and distribution are not natural. The species is the result of a plant improvement by the Pacific islanders which carried it everywhere they went. Kava drinkers have created the plant and its beverage according to their own cultural expectations. The present work is a geographical study of the determinants of quality, it aims at preserving a cultural heritage and at adding value to a traditional crop that grows in marginal territories, an environment submitted to increased globalization

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Astorsson, Elin. "Passform på kavaj- grundmönster : En studie om hur balansen mellan framstycke och bakstycke påverkar passformen." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21951.

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Denna studie tas fram i samarbete med ett stort svenskt modeföretag som har haft återkommande problem med balansen mellan fram och bak på dam-kavajer. Problemet uppstår oberoende av vilken leverantör som har tillverkat mönstret eller vilken provperson som provar plagget. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vad som orsakar balansfel mellan fram och bak i kavajer för dam och hur det kan åtgärdas. Studien undersöker olika konstruktioner från litteratur, som arbetas vidare med för att uppnå god passform. Den slutliga konstruktionen jämförs sedan med företagets kavaj som erhåller balansproblem för att se vilka åtgärder som bör göras på dessa kavajer. Studien utförs genom mönsterkonstruktion i ett CAD-program, uppsömnad av prototyper och slutligen avprovningar på en provdocka, tre provpersoner och virtuellt på en avatar i ett 3D- simuleringsprogram. Skillnaderna i passform mellan den obalanserade kavajen och den nya balanserade prototypen analyseras vid avprovningar. Resultatet visar ett kavaj-grundmönster där företagets återkommande balansproblem har korrigerats. Under studien framkommer det att balansproblemen mellan fram och bak hänger ihop med hur långt eller kort slaget är. Även axelsömmens lutning har stor betydelse för plaggets balans.
This study is developed in collaboration with a large Swedish fashion company that has had recurring problems with the balance between front and back of women's jackets. The problem arises regardless of which supplier has made the pattern or which test person is testing the garment. The purpose of the study is to investigate what causes balance problems between front and back of women’s jackets and how it can be corrected. The study examines various constructions from literature, which are further worked on to achieve a good fit. The final design is then compared to the company's jacket that receives balance problems to see what actions should be taken on these jackets. The study is performed through pattern design in a CAD program, then prototypes are being sewn. Finally they are tested on one dummy, three test persons and it is also tested virtual on an avatar in a 3D simulation program. The differences in fit between the unbalanced jacket and the new balanced prototype are analyzed during tests. The result shows a basic pattern of a jacket where the company's recurring balance problems have been corrected. During the study it appears that the balance problems between the front and the back are linked to how long or short the lapel is. The tilt of the shoulder seam is also of great importance for the garment's balance.

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Karadag, Yeliz. "Television Series and Tourism : Impacts of a television series on its screened location and the relationship between the film production and the location." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-9838.

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Film tourism is a widely growing phenomenon with various benefits the filmed location can take advantage of. This study examines the impacts of a Turkish television series named Kavak Yelleri on its screened location, a Turkish Aegean Seaside town named Seferihisar. Besides the impacts of the series, the relationship between the screened location and the film crew is studied. This case includes a further particular feature; the screened location in Kavak Yelleri is named after another existing town, Urla, in the storyline, while it is actually filmed in Seferihisar. A qualitative case study approach has been implemented in order to scrutinize the subject. The empirical data was conducted through interviews with the municipality of Seferihisar and its local people, local people of Urla, and an interview with a member from the film crew of Kavak Yelleri. a) It becomes evident that the television series has positive social and economical impacts on Seferihisar. The power of media and the presence of the film crew are the main contributors. b) The discrepancy of location name between reality and storyline has affected the path of the film tourists. c) A well handled relationship between the screened location and film crew can have valuable implications for tourism.

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Göthberg, Lisa. "Kan skor flyga? : Ett examensarbete om skor." Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Engineering Sciences, Physics and Mathematics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-767.

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My dream is to work as a shoe designer. Due to this I wanted to learn ”everything” about shoes in my degree project. I was hoping to get in touch with a company so I could design a small collection of shoes, and I found the company Kavat in Kumla which developes and manufactures children’s shoes. Though I wanted my product to be a part of the next summer collection, I had to hurry up with the task and make the deeper research in a second place. The first part of this report is for this reason about the job I did for Kavat and the second part is a research about development and manufacturing of shoes, the history of shoemaking and also the history of shoe fashion.

The task was to design a small collection of baby shoes that was to suit for a given last and it would be included in the summer collection of 2006. The purpose was to offer small children practical and funny shoes and also design shoes that fitted both boys and girls. Shoes have been manufactured in the factory in Kumla since 1945 and today it is one of the last manufacturers in Sweden. Kavat’s target group is children between 0-5 years and it is a genuin trademark with high quality demands. On the market today we can see typical groups of shoes like sportshoes and it is common with big differences between boys’ and girls’ shoes. To get inspired I looked at both children’s shoes and shoes for adults. I also found inspiration in clothes and toys. To get the collection mutually connected a theme was to be used and some examples was insects and fairytales. I sketched a lot of ideas and send them to Kumla and when I visited the factory a second time we made a prototype of one of my sketches. Though the time was running we could not realize further ideas but instead we developed the one we had made so it became perfect.

The result was a pair of playful sandals and I chose four colours that wasn’t typical for boys or girls. This was changed after I had gone and they chose one red and one blue colour instead. The reaction from the retailers was that they looked nice and funny but they were a little too daring, but yet they sold in 800 copys. I am satisfied with my sandals and I really think people will see them among all the other shoes in the stores.

After reading a lot of books about shoes and visiting at two shoe companys and one museum, I have managed to compile a material about development and manufacturing of shoes, the history of the shoe industry and the history of shoe fashion. It wasn’t easy to find good litterature about shoemaking but I finally found a few books that was useful. Now I know the fundamental skills but probably it damands a lot of experience to be able to manufacture shoes in a good way. The educational visit at Ericsson & Saether gave a lot of information about what the branch of shoes looks like today with companys that just decide what the shoes will look like and then they orders everything from Asia. My reflection is that companys looks in a short perspective when they just buys the cheapest things, and don’t go in for durable marketing with reliable trademarks and just manufacturing.

Min dröm är att få formge skor! Därför blev mitt mål med examensarbetet att lära mig ”allt” om skor! Min förhoppning var naturligtvis att få designa en liten kollektion åt ett företag och jag hade turen att få göra ett projekt åt Kavat som utvecklar och tillverkar barnskor i Kumla. På grund av tidspress för att produkten skulle komma med i kollektionen fick jag göra litteraturstudien i efterhand. Första delen handlar därför om den konkreta uppgiften åt Kavat och den andra delen är en fördjupad undersökning om utveckling och tillverkning av skor, hur tillverkningsmetoder och produktion har ändrats genom historien samt skomodets historia.

Uppdraget åt Kavat blev att designa en liten kollektion babyskor som skulle anpassas till en given lästmodell och ingå i sommarkollektionen 2006. Syftet var att erbjuda små barn praktiska och roliga lära-gå-skor och att designa könsneutrala modeller för att bidra till att sudda ut gränsen för vad som är typiskt flickigt och pojkigt. På fabriken i Kumla har man tillverkat skor sedan 1945 och det är en av de få tillverkare som finns kvar i Sverige idag. Kavat riktar sig till barn i åldern 0-5 och det är ett gediget och traditionellt varumärke som har höga krav på kvalitet både vad gäller modeller och material. På marknaden idag ser man ofta att barnskor är indelade i arketypiska grupper. Det är dels sportskor som finns i alla möjliga modeller och färger, det är också en stark uppdelning mellan pojk- och flickskor. För att hämta inspiration till kollektionen tittade jag dels på de barnskor som fanns på marknaden men också på vuxenskor, kläder och leksaker mm. För att kollektionen skulle få en samhörighet ville jag använda mig av ett tema och några förslag är exempelvis småkryp eller sagor & myter osv. Jag skissade på ett antal förslag som skickades iväg till Kumla och när jag kom dit andra gången fick jag vara med och tillverka en prototyp av ett av mina förslag. På grund av tidsbrist innan sommarkollektionen skulle vara klar kunde vi inte förverkliga fler förslag utan fick istället utveckla den jag hade gjort så den blev helt perfekt.

Resultatet blev ett par lekfulla sandaler som tilltalar barn och jag valde fyra färger som inte var typiskt pojkiga och flickiga. Dock ändrades detta efter att jag hade åkt och de kom ut i rött och blått istället. Många återförsäljare som såg dem under hösten tyckte att de såg roliga ut men att den var lite för vågad, men den såldes i alla fall i 800 exemplar. Jag är mycket nöjd med mina sandaler och jag tror absolut att det är sådana skor som de flesta kommer att lägga märke till när de ser dem i affären.

Genom studiebesök och litteratur har jag sammanställt ett material om utveckling och tillverkning av skor, skoindustrins historia samt skomodets historia. Att lära sig tillverka skor genom att bara läsa om det var inte helt lätt. Det var svårt att hitta bra litteratur som var begriplig. Jag tror dock att jag nu kan grunderna men det krävs troligtvis lång erfarenhet innan man kan tillverka skor själv på ett bra sätt. Studiebesöket hos Ericsson & Saether gav mycket information om hur skobranschen i stort ser ut idag med inköpsföretag som tillverkar sina skor i Asien. Min reflektion till detta är att man som företag ser saker i så korta perspektiv när man inte satsar på en hållbar marknadsföring med trovärdiga varumärken och rättvis tillverkning. Jag tror att man i längden skulle tjäna på det.

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Lebot, Vincent. "Les kavas en Océanie (Piper methysticum Forst. Et Piper Wichmannii C. DC. ) : étude pluridisciplinaire d'une culture traditionnelle." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20220.

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Un inventaire des ressources genetiques des especes piper methysticum forster et piper wichmannii c. Dc. Est realise en oceanie. Les cultivars recoltes sont mis en collection et leurs morphotypes decris. La taxonomie numerique ne permet pas de rassembler les 118 morphotypes en convars distincts. Des echantillons de racines sont preleves et analyses en chromatographie liquide haute performance. Les resultats des analyses chimiques et des divers protocoles d'experimentation permettent de conclure que ces deux especes rassemblent huit chimiotypes distincts. Les essais realises au champ montrent que le chimiotype ne varie pas en fonction du milieu ou de l'ontogenese du plant. Le chimiotype est l'expression de facteurs intrinseques. A ce titre, il peut etre considere comme etant un indicateur de divergence et un marqueur genetique

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Rossille, Richard. "Le Kava à Wallis et Futuna : survivance d'un breuvage océanien traditionnel /." Talence : Centre de recherches sur les espaces tropicaux, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35020464t.

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Texte abrégé de: Th. univ.--Géogr.--Paris IV, 1985. Titre de soutenance : Le kava aux îles Wallis et Futuna : usage symbolique et cérémonial des origines à nos jours.
Résumé bilingue en français et en anglais. Bibliogr. p. 120-136.

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Engberg, Marcus, and Eric Jangland. "Havets svarta guld : En beskrivande sensorisk analys av sex olika sorters ägg från acipenseridae." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-68713.

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Chanteraud, Annabel. "La saga du kava : du Vanuatu à la Nouvelle-Calédonie : essai de géographie culturelle." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040222.

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Au Vanuatu, la route de l'alliance, du partage et du métissage, passe par des lieux symboliques - noeuds de consolidation des liens ou carrefours de découverte de l'Autre - d'où émergent la conscience collective des hommes constitués en ethnies et regroupés sur un espace social commun, un territoire. Dans cet archipel mélanésien, il y a près de trois milliers d'années, une plante -le kava - s'est immiscée entre ethnie et territoire. Culturelle par nature car reproduite par la main de l'homme, elle s'est d'abord révélée comme un témoin des migrations insulaires. Mais le kava nous éclaire aussi sur la relation affective et sociale singulière de ces hommes avec leur environnement spirituel, naturel et humain. Sous forme de décoction préparée à partir de ses racines et partagée comme le symbole de l'union, le kava enracine les alliances depuis la nuit des temps, ce qui fait aussi de lui un puissant marqueur de territoire. Ainsi, en élargissant les réseaux de relations et en reliant les régions, le kava est au coeur du processus de transmission culturelle dans le Pacifique insulaire. Notre Saga est celle de cette boisson tirée de la plante séculaire qui a traversé le temps, d'îles en archipels, de foyers en régions culturelles, tout en préservant sa valeur en conformité avec la vision renouvelée des hommes rencontrés et des sociétés pénétrées. Elle nous mènera de la région de domestication du kava jusqu'à la ville macédonienne où sa consommation fait désormais partie intégrante de la culture urbaine océanienne contemporaine, vanuataise mais aussi occidentale comme le montre le succès de la pratique à Nouméa où les plus gros consommateurs sont les métropolitains.

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Ekholm, Kristofer. "Vem klär bäst i sliten kavaj? : En komparativ historiebruksstudie av första maj som ideologisk maktresurs inomsvensk vänster vid hundraårsjubileet 1986Magisteruppsats." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-232451.

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Van, Hove Hannah Jean. "'How to begin to find a shape?' : situating the mid-twentieth century fiction of Anna Kavan, Alexander Trocchi and Ann Quin." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8199/.

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This thesis is concerned with situating the works of Anna Kavan (1901-1968), Alexander Trocchi (1925-1984) and Ann Quin (1936-1973) within a discussion of British mid-twentieth century fiction. The relative neglect of these authors in academic criticism may be due to the fact that much British experimental writing has previously been ignored in surveys of this period. This thesis argues that a study of their work warrants a more nuanced understanding of the mid-twentieth century literary landscape than conventional accounts have allowed for. In that sense, it aims to contribute to research undertaken in more recent years which is concerned with revising dominant accounts of this period. The broader framework for the thesis is provided in Chapter 1 which examines past and present accounts and categorizations of mid-twentieth century British fiction. The remaining three chapters then focus on the 1940s work of Kavan, the fiction written during the 1950s by Trocchi and Quin’s novels of the 1960s. As well as contributing to research concerned with overviews of this period, this thesis furthers individual studies of each of the novelists presented here. By drawing on archival material and reading their works in conversation with their time and place, it attempts to understand the ways in which the experimental fiction of these three authors responded to the social, cultural and historical forces at work in Britain between the forties and the sixties. Whilst all three authors started out from a strategy of subjectivity, rooting their experimentation in a turn inwards, their works, as this thesis suggests, can be construed of as political in their concern with drawing attention to the osmotic effects of exteriority on interiority.

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Khaledi, Kavan [Verfasser], Tom [Gutachter] Schanz, and Maria [Gutachter] Datcheva. "Constitutive modeling of rock salt with application to energy storage caverns / Kavan Khaledi ; Gutachter: Tom Schanz, Maria Datcheva ; Fakultät für Bau- und Umweltingenieurwissenschaften." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1152077953/34.

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Rossille, Richard. "Le kava aux îles Wallis & Futuna : usage symbolique et cérémonial des origines à nos jours." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA04A006.

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Tavares, Alexandre Altino. "Avaliação da atividade neuroprotetora do extrato de kava (Piper methysticum) em modelos in vitro de lesão celular." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/3687.

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As doenças cerebrovasculares, popularmente conhecidas como derrames, são uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade entre adultos e idosos. Contudo, muitos pacientes que sofrem derrame sobrevivem e experimentam as conseqüências do insulto por muitos anos, muitas vezes a nível emocional, motor ou intelectual. Dentre estas lesões, destaca-se a isquemia cerebral. Existem modelos experimentais de isquemia cerebral in vivo e in vitro. Os modelos in vitro são realizados em culturas ou fatias de tecido cerebral submetidas à Privação de Oxigênio e Glicose (POG), que mimetizam condições traumáticas similares, mas não idênticas às produzidas in vivo. A investigação da atividade de substâncias potencialmente neuroprotetoras a partir da comparação da morte celular entre culturas ou fatias de tecido cerebral controle e tratadas é facilitada neste tipo de modelo experimental. Após a injúria, as culturas são expostas a métodos de avaliação da viabilidade ou dano celular como, por exemplo, o corante fluorescente iodeto de propídeo, que marca seletivamente células mortas ou em curso de morte, ou MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide) que mede a viabilidade mitocondrial possibilitando uma posterior quantificação. As plantas são uma fonte importante de produtos naturais biologicamente ativos, muitos dos quais se constituem em modelos para a síntese de um grande número de fármacos. Um exemplo é a planta kava-kava ou somente kava (Piper Methysticum) a qual chamou a atenção dos pesquisadores devido à sua utilização nas ilhas do Pacífico sul. Foi demonstrada a possibilidade da kava possuir uma variedade de atividades farmacológicas importantes, entre elas a atividade de neuroproteção Esse trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a atividade neuroprotetora do extrato de kava-kava (Piper methysticum) em modelos in vitro de morte neuronal em fatias de hipocampo de ratos, investigar o envolvimento da proteína de choque térmico HSP27 (Heat Shock Protein) no processo de morte e neuroproteção induzida pela kava, bem como investigar o efeito da lesão induzida por POG sobre o imunoconteúdo da proteína Oxido Nítrico Sintase induzível (iNOS). Os resultados dos experimentos por nós realizados nas culturas organotípicas submetidas à POG por 40 minutos e tratadas com extrato de kava (7µg/ml) demonstraram uma significativa redução, na ordem de 58% na intensidade da morte neuronal na região CA1 do hipocampo em resposta à injúria. Em fatias hipocampais submetidas à POG por 60 minutos a adição do extrato de kava 7µg/ml aumentou em 15% a viabilidade celular, confirmando a atividade neuroprotetora sugerida para esta planta. As culturas expostas à POG e tratadas com kava apresentaram um aumento significativo no imunoconteúdo da proteína HSP27, esse aumento é acompanhado de um aumento da fosforilação, uma vez que a percentagem de proteína fosforilada se mantém igual. As fatias lesionadas tratadas com kava apresentaram uma diminuição significativa no imunoconteúdo da iNOS na ordem de 35 % em relação as fatias lesionadas tratadas com DMSO (Dimetilsulfoxido). Estes dados podem sugerir que um dos mecanismos da neuroproteção observada para o extrato de kava, possa envolver essas proteínas.

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Barguil, Yann. "Etude de trois plantes psychotropes consommées en Nouvelle-Calédonie : kava, cannabis et datura : aspects médicaux et médico-légaux." Nouvelle Calédonie, 2011. http://portail-documentaire.univ-nc.nc/files/public/bu/theses_unc/TheseYannBarguil2011.pdf.

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Ďuraňa, Tomáš. "Energetická bezpečnosť v regióne Južného Kaukazu (Arménsko ako bezpečnostná výzva)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197893.

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The thesis deals with the issue of energy security in geopolitically strategic region of South Caucasus. The focus is on analyzing the development of energy policy in the individual countries of the region since the collapse of the Soviet union. On this basis is determined the most important security challenge: Armenia. This challenge results from the need to counteract the influence of external actors in the region and to address long-standing regional conflicts that would contribute not only to the stability of the South Caucasus, but also help to fully realize the potential of the region as an important transit corridor for Caspian and Iranian energy resources.

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Barber, Michael. "'The Unravelers' : Rasa, becoming, and the Buddhist novel." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2016. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/the-unravelers(6ff07eb3-3289-4c6d-b128-026e31277233).html.

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The Unravelers is a Buddhist novel of literary fiction, which to my knowledge is the first in the last one hundred years to synthesize the Buddhist teachings and values found in the suttas of the Pāli Canon, the theory of ancient Indian kāvya literature, and the latest stylistic and structural innovations of contemporary literary fiction. The narrative follows four characters from the moment of their deaths as they manipulate the process of becoming—the mental act of creating and entering into “worlds”. The novel depicts the characters’ development of dispassion for a variety of realms, resulting in their eventual return to the human world with the motivation necessary to practice the Buddhist path. My critical essay opens with an introduction to kāvya and Theravāda Buddhist concepts that are particularly relevant to the process of creating a fictional world— namely, saṅkhāra (fabrication) and bhava (becoming)—and the inherent karma of writing. Section II “Literary Review” explores narrative modes from Theravāda Buddhist literature and develops them through experimental narrative modes of contemporary literary fiction. Section III discusses the depiction of becoming, fabrication, and dispassion through the novel’s characters. Section IV “Rasa,” explains the theory of how a reader experiences the work’s savor, while relating the use of rasa in The Unravelers to the early Buddhist kāvyas (the Pāli Canon’s Udāna and Dhammapada, and two works by Aśvaghoṣa). Section V evaluates the classic use of Buddhist concepts and metaphors in Aśvaghoṣa’s Handsome Nanda as compared to The Unravelers. Section VI examines Jack Kerouac’s The Dharma Bums as a forerunner to the genre of the Buddhist novel and Keith Kachtick’s Hungry Ghost as archetypal. Section VII concludes by detailing The Unravelers’ contribution to the Buddhist novel.

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Côté, Cynthia S. "Screening of selected molecules for their effect on the secondary structure of amyloid beta. Composition and biological activity of traditional and commercial kava extracts." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111922.

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The aim of the first project was to evaluate the ability of selected molecules to affect the secondary structure of Abeta(1-42). Such activity is desirable as it may provide new tools to study the role of the Abeta(1-42) conformers in Alzheimer disease. Although this study did not identify molecules able to modulate the conformation of Abeta (1-42), the reported studies have set the fundamental techniques for this project.
The goal of the second project was to compare the kavalactone content and the inhibition of human P450 enzymes for commercial and traditional kava extracts. We report that amounts and ratios of kavalactones are similar for solvents that mimic commercial extracts but different from aqueous extract (traditional extract). All extracts tested show similar inhibition of the P450 enzymes suggesting that kava extracts, commercial or traditional, may lead to herb-drug interactions. These results also suggest that because of their higher concentration of kavalactones, commercial kava extracts are more likely to cause adverse drug reactions via inhibition of drug metabolism.

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Soulé, Marc. "La place de la coutume dans l’organisation de l’espace et dans la société Futuna-Samoa." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040226.

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Tant à Futuna qu’à Samoa, les systèmes coutumiers paraissent comme immuables et incontournables. L’effleurement de la colonisation n’a en rien modifié le système coutumier. La coutume dans les deux archipels organise, contrôle l’espace, gère le foncier. De nombreuses productions agricoles comme les taros, ignames, kapés mais aussi l’élevage de porc sont destinés aux échanges coutumiers.Elle demeure aussi très présente dans les sociétés. Ne pas faire la coutume c’est se mettre en marge de la société. Même à distance, les diasporas futuniennes en Nouvelle-Calédonie et samoane en Nouvelle-Zélande y participent activement. Dans ces sociétés, les Aliki et les Mataï restent puissants. Ils rendent la justice, ce qui n’est pas sans poser des problèmes de cohabitation avec la justice des Etats. Le lien coutume religion est indéfectible dans les deux archipels. Les cérémonies coutumières tels que le kava ou le katoaga à Futuna constituent des moments forts.Cette coutume a aussi ses limites en matière de développement durable et face aux risques majeurs : cyclone et séisme. Ces archipels se trouvent à la croisée des chemins entre coutume et modernité. Si la coutume présente des atouts comme facteur de stabilité sociale, elle est aussi un frein au développement. Le foncier en est un des exemples importants
Custom or the traditional system of governance seem unchanging and cannot be ignored either in Futuna or in Samoa. The light touch of colonization has not altered the customary systems .The Custom system structures, organises space, rules land ownership in both archipelagoes.Numerous agricultural ( productions) outputs such as taros, yams, kapés and breeding pigs are dedicated to custom exchanges.The traditional order still remains omnipresent in both societies.Ignoring custom means opting out of society. Even far away from home, the Futunian diasporas in New Caledonia and Samoan ones in New Zealand are actively involved in the traditional order.Alikis and Mataï remain powerful in these societies. They Administer justice which is not without causing difficulties of cohabitation with state justice.The link between religion and custom is unfailing in both archipelagoes.Custom ceremonies such as Kava or Katoaga in Futuna are uncontested moments.However this custom system unveils its limits as regards to sustainable development and major risks: cyclones and earthquakes.These islands are at the crossroads between tradition and modernityAlthough the customary system displays a certain number of advantages, it also acts as a break upon expansionLand ownership is one of the main examples

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Kameubun, Konstantina Maria Brigita [Verfasser], Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Mühlenberg, Reiner [Akademischer Betreuer] Finkeldey, Eckard [Akademischer Betreuer] Heymann, Erwin [Akademischer Betreuer] Bergmeier, Rainer [Akademischer Betreuer] Willmann, and Marthin [Akademischer Betreuer] Ziehe. "Indigenous Knowledge, morphological variation and genetic diversity of Kava (Piper methysticum Forst.) in Merauke, Papua, Indonesia / Konstantina Maria Brigita Kameubun. Gutachter: Reiner Finkeldey ; Michael Mühlenberg ; Eckard Heymann ; Erwin Bergmeier ; Rainer Willmann ; Marthin Ziehe. Betreuer: Michael Mühlenberg." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1051530644/34.

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Pierrès, Camille. "Synthèse de chimiothèques d'analogues de kavalactones à visée thérapeutique : Synthèse parallèle sur support solide." Strasbourg 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13241.

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Alexandre, Rodrigo Fernandes. "Fitoterapia baseada em evidências." Florianópolis, SC, 2004. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/86886.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia.
Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-21T11:44:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
O uso da fitoterapia como recurso terapêutico tem aumentado, de forma significativa, nos últimos anos. Portanto, os profissionais da área de saúde, incluindo os farmacêuticos, que são os responsáveis pela orientação sobre o uso correto e racional das práticas terapêuticas, devem conhecer a respeito deste assunto em profundidade. Muitas vezes, estudos não científicos, o folclore e a experiência popular são valorizados em preferência aos ensaios pré-clínicos e/ou clínicos, que servem, esses últimos, como suporte para as informações sobre indicações, qualidade, eficácia e segurança das plantas medicinais e dos medicamentos fitoterápicos. A medicina baseada em evidências surgiu como resposta ao grande volume e complexidade da literatura médico-farmacêutica, com o objetivo de sistematizar o acesso a estas informações, e também analisá-las e resumi-las, detectando as melhores evidências disponíveis, aplicáveis às ações de saúde e aos cuidados dos pacientes. A fitoterapia baseada em evidências tem como objetivos promover uma avaliação crítica do seu emprego como alternativa terapêutica, maximizar seus benefícios e minimizar seus riscos, e conduzir pesquisas interdisciplinares sobre sua eficácia, segurança e qualidade farmacêutica. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia clínica e a segurança dos medicamentos fitoterápicos mais vendidos no Estado de Santa Catarina, através da medicina baseada em evidências. Metodologia: Levantamento em três distribuidoras sobre os medicamentos fitoterápicos mais vendidos em Santa Catarina, no período entre janeiro de 2000 e dezembro de 2002. Busca de evidências de eficácia e segurança das plantas medicinais usadas como matéria-prima para a elaboração dos sete medicamentos fitoterápicos mais vendidos em Santa Catarina. Sistematização, avaliação e compilação de informações botânicas, usos populares, constituição química, informações farmacológicas e toxicológicas pré-clínicas, indicações terapêuticas, posologia e via de administração, contra-indicações, efeitos adversos e interações medicamentosas. Resultados: Os medicamentos fitoterápicos mais vendidos em Santa Catarina, neste período, em ordem decrescente do volume de vendas, foram elaborados com as seguintes plantas medicinais: ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.), hipérico (Hypericum perforatum L.), kava (Piper methysticum Forster), valeriana (Valeriana officinalis L.), castanha-da-índia (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), maracujá (Passiflora spp). As evidências clínicas disponíveis sugerem a eficácia do ginkgo no tratamento sintomático da claudicação intermitente, da doença de Alzheimer e da falta de memória e demência associadas com a idade, mas não justificam o seu uso no tratamento do zumbido e da falta de memória em pessoas saudáveis, com menos de 60 anos. As evidências sugerem a eficácia do hipérico no tratamento da depressão leve a moderada, e mostram que a kava é mais eficaz do que o placebo no tratamento sintomático da ansiedade, mas devem ser conduzidos ensaios clínicos por um período maior do que dois meses de tratamento. As evidências indicam resultados promissores para a utilização da valeriana no tratamento dos distúrbios do sono, mas devem ser conduzidos novos ensaios clínicos corrigindo as falhas metodológicas dos ensaios disponíveis. As evidências clínicas disponíveis para o ginseng e o maracujá são insuficientes para justificar sua utilização na prática clínica, com segurança. As evidências disponíveis justificam o uso da castanha-da-índia no tratamento sintomático da insuficiência venosa crônica. Conclusão: A medicina baseada em evidências é um recurso útil e adequado que, quando aplicado à fitoterapia, estabelece as melhores evidências clínicas disponíveis, garantindo o uso correto e racional de medicamentos fitoterápicos.

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MA, NAN, and 馬楠. "Study on Visual Elements of Packaging Design-on Food Packaging of Different Levels of Customer Involvement." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kavsq5.

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博士
亞洲大學
數位媒體設計學系
107
The packaging touches the daily life of the general public. It is filled with the public and the field of vision, and penetrates into the cells of life as an invisible promoter. The packaging is presented to the consumer through design, and the packaging design can not only Communicating product information also affects consumers' evaluation of products. The attractive measurement metric of packaging design is to make consumers pay attention. The visual element is the most intuitive component of packaging. When consumers trace back the visual elements on the packaging, they also use Colour" and "Image". "Typography" and "Shape" first appeared in their minds and affected purchase decisions. The evaluation method of visual elements for packaging design tends to be "Psychological", and the research on "Physiological" dimension has not been thoroughly explored. Therefore, this study hopes to complete the lack of research methods and adopt "Psychological" and "Physiological". Co-assessed research methods to explore the weighting relationship between visual elements of food packaging at different levels of involvement. The test is divided into three phases. The first phase is the "Low involvement/Inductive" and "High involvement/Rational" food packaging image test: through semantic analysis, understanding "How involvement/inductive" and "High involvement/rational" of the food packaging visual elements to give the image of the subject, and by factor analysis and factor points, the semantic spatial classification of food packaging samples to explore the different levels of involvement in the visual image of food packaging The impact of factors. The second stage is the eye movement physiology measurement experiment of "The attention of food packaging visual elements": Through the eye movement data, the subject's attention to the visual elements of food packaging of different degrees of involvement is explored. The third stage of the "Self-Assessment Manikin" test: This stage is used in conjunction with the "Self-reporting Method" of physiological measurement experiments. This scale is used to explore the emotional differences and purchases of consumers' visual elements in food packaging design. Preference. After cross-comparison results of the three-stage test, it can be known that in the visual elements of packaging, the change of each element will bring the overall image of the consumer, and the "Colour Element" bears the brunt of the impact on the consumer. If the teacher wants to change the packaging image, he can first consider changing the color elements. The weight of "Typography Elements" ranks second, because the product name is the direct basis for consumers to perceive the product, and it is the beginning of consumers' understanding of a brand. It relies on it to differentiate from the same type of goods and shape brand recognition. The "Image Elements" vary greatly depending on the degree of involvement in the packaging design. "Low involvement/inductive" packaging is a zero-food item. Consumers do not need sufficient information to assist in the purchase of such goods, and there is no brand insistence. Therefore, such goods are mostly packaged to show figurative photos of commodity entities, semi-abstract vector or Paintings and cartoon images can attract consumers' attention, so the weight of "Image Elements" in the "Low involvement/Inductive" packaging is not high. "High involvement/Rational" is packaged as a healthy food. Consumers need sufficient information to assist in the purchase of such products, accompanied by brand persistence. Most of these kinds of goods are abstract or semi-abstract vector images.The decoding time of images is longer. Therefore, the weight of "Image Elements" in eye movement experiments is higher than that of " The phenomenon of Colour elements. The “Shapes Elements” used special shapes when designing the samples. Since the carton packs were mostly in geometric form, although they were well received by the subjects in the questionnaire of psychological orientation, they were still in the eye movement experiment of physiological orientation. It is impossible to grasp the attention of the subject at first sight. Therefore, as a carton pack with a stereotyped impression, the "model element" is less weight than the "Colour Element" and "Typography element". Based on the above research results, the weight ratio of the visual elements of different packaging levels and the selection of visual elements are used to provide commercial packaging design teaching, as well as reference to industry marketing and design practice.

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Patro, Srinivasa Rao R. "Dinkar kavya ke sahityik srothon ka adhyayan." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/1196.

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43

Ussishkin, Adam. "Target = kavar (real word); prime = hirgyt͡s (nonword)." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/345161.

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Lim, Steven Tai Shun. "Kava-associated hepatotoxicity." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20737.

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Ussishkin, Adam. "Target = xarav (real word); prime = kavar (real word)." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/344638.

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Ussishkin, Adam. "Target = kaval (real word); prime = hidgiʃ (real word)." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/344639.

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Ussishkin, Adam. "Target = limed (real word); prime = kaval (real word)." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/344980.

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Prema, Kumar Potharaju. "Sri Dav Dayal Guptha ke kavya mein bhakthi evam darshan." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/981.

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Yang, Ting-Yu, and 楊庭瑜. "Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic potential of flavokawain A, a major component of Kava-Kava." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s8r2s4.

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碩士
中國醫藥大學
營養學系碩士班
102
Abnormal regulation of inflammatory response caused various pathological conditions, including the development of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and metabolic syndromes. However, strict regulation of inflammation can reduce the incidence of disease and the impact of life. Flavokawain A (FKA), a chalcone isolated from the rhizomes of Piper methysticum, also known as “Kawa” by the Pacific Islanders. Recent studies reported that FKA possesses anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effect in vitro and in vivo. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of Flavokawain A on spleenocytes, a immune cell regulating systemic inflammation was poorly understood. Spleen is part of the immune system, which contain variety of immune cells regulating systemic inflammation. In this thesis research, we investigated the anti-inflammatory, anti-pancreatitis and anti-vascular fibrosis effects of FKA utilizing various in vitro and in vivo models. The experimental design was divided into three parts. The result of first experiment was designed shows that FKA treatment significantly decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-2, and TNF-α and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. This data suggest that FKA possessed strong anti-inflammatory effect. To further examine, the inflammation in spleenocytes were induced by LPS and then the anti-inflammatory effect of FKA was examined. Treatment with FKA significantly inhibited intracellular ROS generation and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) production. In addition FKA treatment significantly inhibited the protein expression levels of inflammatory genes such as iNOS, COX-2, TNF-??, and IL-1?? in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of pro-inflammatory genes by FKA was mediated by suppression of their corresponding transcription factor NF-?羠. In addition, several studies reported that regulating redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2 to achieve the effect of anti-inflammation. In the present study, we also found that FKA can stimulate basal ROS, thus prompting the transcriptional activation of Nrf2 and transcription of antioxidant genes including NQO-1, γ-GCLC, HO-1. Based on the results, FKA has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities. In the second set of experiment, we investigated the functional alteration of splenocytes in severe acute pancreatitis of FKA treated. Treatment with FKA significantly decreased blood lipase activity in CCK-8-induced acute pancreatitis in experimental mice. Appropriate pro / anti-inflammatory cytokines and Th1/Th2 cytokines will maintain a balance in human, but this model will cause unnormal immune response with spleen injury, and then pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines is a tendency to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Moreover, FKA significantly increased pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1??, IL-6, and TNF-??. In the third set of experiment, the anti-vascular fibrosis effect of FKA was examined. Vascular smooth muscle cells (A7r5) were pretreated with FKA and fibrosis was induced by TGF??1. Result shows that FKA treatment significantly inhibited the TGF??1-induced ??-SMA and fibronectin expression in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of ??-SMA and fibronection by FKA was mediated by suppression of smad2/smad3 activation. FKA also significantly reduced nuclear translocation of smad3 but not smad2 and inhibits transcriptional activity of Smad3. We also observed that treatment with FKA significantly inhibited TGFβ1-induced migration and invasion of smooth muscle cells. The inhibition of migration and invasion by FKA is associated with down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression in smooth muscle cells. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that FKA has a potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent. By acute pancreatitis in animal experiments, FKA also proved that it reduce the immune function and protects spleen function. FKA inhibited TGFβ1-induced vascular fibrosis, which support that it is potential agent for cardiovascular diseases. We believe that FKA may be an attracting candidate for the development of function food and nuetraceutical supplement.

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50

Marais, Andre. "Increased-rate stability studies for St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum), Ginkgo biloba and Kava Kava (Piper methysticum) under unfavourable environmental conditions." Diss., 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23083.

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Abstract:

This was a chemical laboratory study. The main focus was to evaluate the chemical stability of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort), Ginkgo biloba and Piper methysticum (Kava Kava) under unfavourable environmental conditions. Different dosage forms representing the same amount of active ingredients for each were used. Some of the dosage forms were self manufactured according to Good Manufacturing Practice. Samples of the dried powder of each plant was also exposed to a series of gamma¬radiation. Acetone was used as an extractant for all three plants, after evaluating and discarding the extraction method stipulated in the British Herbal Pharmacopoeia. Identification of the different plants were carried out by means of Thin Layer Chromatography. The in-house developed mobile phases EMW, BEA and CEF, showed better separation and visibility compared to the mobile phases used in the British Herbal Pharmacopoeia. The plates were sprayed with either vanillin or p-anisaldehide for optimal visualization of the separated compounds. After the specified period of 6-months, comparative TLC was performed on all samples. This was achieved for each plant by applying all samples stored at a specific condition i.e.25°C, on the same plate. The samples were stored at low temperature after exposure to the specific time interval. Quantitative analysis was performed by spectrophotometry, and high pressure liquid chromatography. The data obtained from these analytical methods, were used to evaluate the relative chemical stability of each dosage form. The relationship between the quantitative data and the qualitative changes in the TLC fingerprints, were compared, hoping to achieve a common pattern relating to the stability. The order of the reaction as well as the reaction rate constant (k) for each dosage form was calculated, except for kava kava. The shelf-life (too) was calculated using the analyzed data obtained by spectrophotometry or HPLC. The relevance of conventional pharmaceutical calculations in the prediction of shelf-life, by means of accelerated stability tests, was investigated for the possible application to herbal products. The effects of gamma radiation on the degradation of the chemical compounds present in each plant, was evaluated. After an evaluation of all the relevant data, it seemed that the tablet-dosage forms were equally effective regarding stability, compared to the capsules. Liquid extracts appeared to be less stable than the extract capsules. The extract capsules seemed to degrade more rapidly than the herbal tablets or herbal capsules. Exposure to low dose radiation (4.4 kGy) did not seem to have an influence on the stability. It was evident that some herbs were more sensitive to sunlight or heat than others. In general, all three of the chosen plants seemed to be relatively stable if stored in the specified conditions. It seemed valid for the shelf-life to be expressed as two years.
Dissertation (MSc (Pharmacology))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Pharmacology
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