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Lok, YUN LOI. "The Effect of Kayak Seat Type on Kayak Ergometer Paddling at Two Different Paddling Durations." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18149.
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The main objectives of this thesis were to explore the effect of swivel seat usage and determine the specific kinematic and kinetic variables that contribute towards paddling performance corresponding to 40-second and 210-second ergometer paddling for novice kayakers. When using the swivel seat, knee flexion-extension range of motion increased significantly. The greater knee motion indicated the importance of utilising the larger muscle groups from the lower limbs, which might also contribute towards the foot-rest force production that will affect the net propulsive kayak force. When comparing between the 40-s and 210-s paddling, the range of motion for shoulder forward flexion-backward extension produced in the longer paddling duration was less compared to a shorter duration. Further analysis in comparing the begin, middle, and ending period of the 210-s paddling showed that the shoulder forward flexion-backward extension and trunk rotation exhibited a decreased motion from the begin to middle period and then increased from middle to the ending period. The association between these two joint motions will, in turn, affect the paddle forward reach and stroke length. None of the kinetic variables showed significant differences when comparing between the fixed and swivel seat. Nonetheless, a peak force timing profile was obtained for this cohort of novice kayakers. This profile is similar across all conditions. The force exerted on the paddle, seat, and foot-rest peaked at different stages in the 100% normalised drive time; foot-rest (39%-48%) followed by paddle (44%-51%) and seat (56%-73%). In conclusion, there existed different characteristics for both 40-s and 210-s ergometer paddling with some advantages gained from using the swivel seat. Further research is required to investigate how this is translated to on-water paddling and a potential for future paddling skill development program for novices.
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Schaal, Lionel. "How to win the kayak Olympics : Or how to design and produce an innovative flatwater kayak paddle…" Thesis, KTH, Lättkonstruktioner, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-159266.
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A kayak is a very ancient way of riding in the water ; human-powered, it is propelled by means of a double bladepaddle. It is used nowadays to fish, to travel, or to compete at the Olympics. It is the 1,000 meters flat-waterrace that led this project, and particularly its improvement for Steven Ferguson, the actual New-Zealand kayakchampion. This report presents the different parts that have been investigated to improve the paddle efficiencyin the water, and therefore the speed of a kayak athlete on the water.Kayaks are 4,000 years old, and kept since the basic shapes of their hull and paddle. It is only in 1987 that aNorwegian team developed an improved paddle, which is still used nowadays. Every paddle currently availableon the market follow this design. Based on fashions and on the success of athletes, they were unable to suggestany major improvement since. This project suggests a way of significantly improve the performance of an athletein a flat-water kayaking competition.
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Kirkland, David R. (David Roger). "Environmental impact of various kayak core materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45815.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 26).<br>This thesis compares the environmental impact of fiberglass, Kevlar, carbon fiber, and cork. A kayak company is interested in using cork as a core material, and would like to claim that it is the most environmentally friendly of the four materials listed above. The efficacy of that claim is evaluated by modeling the manufacturing process, generating an input - output model and performing an exergy analysis. The environmental impact of kayak core material construction on the over impact of kayak construction is nominal. Beyond that, the comparison of core materials results in a qualitative ranking from least to most impact, which is fiberglass, cork, carbon fiber then Kevlar. The diversity of impact, from noxious gases, energy use, volatile liquids, land use and toxic wastes necessitates a qualitative analysis when full exergy data wasn't available. Because of this, the comparison was quantitatively based on the energy use and qualitatively based on each chemicals material safety data.<br>by David R. Kirkland.<br>S.B.
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van, Someren K. A. "Physiological factors associated with 200m sprint kayak racing." Thesis, St Mary's University, Twickenham, 2000. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324167.
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Callaghan, Christopher E. "Cardiopulmonary analysis of habituation to simulated kayak ergometry." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11182008-063543/.
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Hallman, Erika, and Linnea Menning. "Överbelastningsskador och dess påverkan på prestationsförmåga och träning för elitsatsande sprintkanotister : - en kvantitativ enkätstudie." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-129977.
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Bakgrund: Det finns begränsat med forskning genomförd på sprintkanotister. De studier som genomförts rapporterade att ländrygg, bröstrygg och skuldra är de vanligaste skadelokalisationerna. Hittills har inte rapporterats hur skadorna påverkar träningsmängd och prestation. Syfte: Syftet var att kartlägga förekomsten av överbelastningsskador och dess påverkan på prestationsförmåga och träning för svenska elitsatsande sprintkanotister. Metod: En kvantitativ enkät användes för att genomföra en tvärsnittsstudie. Enkäter delades ut till 30 kvinnor och 42 män på en tävling som var uttagningsgrundande för landslaget. Enkäten som användes var en modifierad version av den svenska översättningen av OSTRC Overuse Injury Questionnaire. Datan analyserades med hjälp av statistikprogrammet SPSS där analysmetoderna Mann-whitney och Kruskall-wallis användes. Resultat: Totalt delades 75 enkäter ut och 72 svar kom in. Femtio (69%) kanotister rapporterade att de hade en överbelastningsskada. Den vanligaste skadelokalisationen var hand/underarm följt av skuldra, ländrygg och bröstrygg. Åtskilliga kanotister tränade trots överbelastningsskada och detta var mer vanligt bland kvinnor än män. Det fanns ett samband mellan mindre träningsmängd och mer smärta. Konklusion: En hög andel av kanotisterna rapporterade överbelastningsskador. Hand/underarm var den skadelokalisation som var vanligast bland kanotister medan ländrygg och skuldra var de som hade störst påverkan på träning och prestation.<br>Introduction: There is limited research on injury prevalence among sprint kayakers. The previous studies reported a high prevalence of overuse injuries located in the lumbar and thoracic spine and the shoulders. The injury impact on performance and training has not yet been reported. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of overuse injuries among elite sprint kayakers in Sweden and the impact of these on performance and training. Method: A quantitative questionnaire was used to perform a cross-sectional study. Questionnaires were distributed to 30 women and 42 men during a sprint kayak competition during wich the national team was to be selected. A modified version of the Swedish translated questionnaire OSTRC Overuse Injury Questionnaire was used. The statistic program SPSS was used for data analysis, and Mann-Whitney and Kruskall-Wallis were perfomed. Results: Seventy-five questionnaires were distributed and 72 kayakers responded. Fifty (69%) kayakers reported an overuse injury. The most common reported injury location was hand/forearm followed by shoulder, lumbar and thoracic spine. Several kayakers participated despite overuse injury, something which is more common among women than men. There was a correlation between less training hours and more pain among the kayakers. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of overuse injuries reported among the sprint kayakers. Hand/forearm was the most common location of injury among the sprint kayakers, while the lumbar spine and shoulders had the biggest impact on performance and training.
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Zakaria, Pascal. "Whole-body kinematics during paddling on kayak ergometer in elite able-bodied athletes : a first step to develop a classification for para-kayak athletes." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3432.
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Aim The purpose of the study was to define three dimensional range of motion for all major joints (wrist, elbow, shoulder, trunk, pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle) in a group of able-bodied elite canoeists during paddling on a kayak ergometer. An additional purpose was to analyze if the range of motion changed with increased intensity and if there were any differences between body sides during paddling on the ergometer. Method Ten elite athletes (four women and six men) volunteered for the study (22 ± 3.5 years, 78.3 ± 10.2 kg, 1.79 ± 0.06 m). Three-dimensional kinematic data was recorded using an optoelectronic system and twelve cameras were placed in a circle around the ergometer. Fifty-four reflective markers were attached on the subject and 14 body segments were defined in the model used in the analysis to evaluate range of motion for each joint. Kinematic and force data were collected during paddling on the kayak ergometer at incremental intensities starting at 50 W ("Low") and increased with 50 W until the athlete was not able to hold the predetermined level ("Submaximal"). The participants were asked to maintain each intensity level as stable as possible during at least 20 kayak cycles, i.e. approximately 60 sec during the lowest intensity level. Finally, a maximal test was performed ("Maximal"). Mean values of 10 stroke cycles were used in the statistics. Result The mean range of motion was for shoulder flexion; 3 – 101°, shoulder abduction; 9–53°, shoulder inward/outward rotation; 39–51°, elbow flexion; 13–118°, wrist palmar/dorsiflexion; 9–31°, wrist radial/ulnar deviation; 9–22°, trunk flex/extension; 8 –1°, trunk rotation left/right; 24–24, trunk lateral bending right/left; 7 – 8°, hip flexion 85-116°, knee flexion; 7–56° and foot flexion 64–91°. When intensity increased the range of motion significantly increased in peak joint angle for shoulder flexion, shoulder inward rotation, trunk- , hip-, knee- and foot flexion. In general, there were no significant differences observed between left and right side for maximal and minimal range of motion. Conclusion The results from this kinematic study can be used as adequate reference values in the development for an evidence-based classification system for para-canoeists.<br>Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka tredimensionell rörelse för samtliga större leder i kroppen (axel, armbåge, handled, bål, bäcken, höft, knä och fotled) i en grupp elitkanotister under paddling på en ergometer. Syftet var också att undersöka om det högsta vinkelvärdet i vardera rörelseriktningen förändrades med ökad intensitet samt om det fanns någon asymmetri mellan kroppshalvorna i rörelseutslag under paddling på ergometern. Metod Tio svenska elitkanotister (fyra kvinnor och sex män) deltog frivilligt i denna studie (22 ± 3.5 år, 78.3 ± 10.2 kg, 1.79 ± 0.06 m). Tredimensionell rörelsekinematik registrerades med hjälp av ett optoelektroniskt system och tolv kameror placerades i en cirkel runt kajakergometern. Femtiofyra reflexiva markörer placerades på kroppen och 14 kroppssegment definierades i modellen och användes i analysen för att utvärdera rörelseomfånget i respektive led. Kinematik och kraftdata samlades in under paddling på ergometern vid olika intensitetsnivåer med start på 50 W ("Låg") och ökade med 50 W till dess att idrottaren inte kunde hålla den förutbestämda nivån ("Sub-maximal"). Varje forskningsperson uppmanades att bibehålla varje intensitetsnivå så precist som möjligt under minst 20 paddlingscykler, vilket var cirka 60 sekunder på den lägsta intensitetsnivån. Därefter genomfördes ett maximalt test (Maximal). Medelvärdet av 10 paddelcykler användes i statistiken. Resultat Medelvärdet för rörelseomfånget var för skulderflexion; 3 – 101°, skulderabduktion; 9–53°, skulderinåtrotation/utåtrotation; 39–51°, armbågsflexion; 13–118°, palmar/dorsalflexion i handleden; 9–31°, radial/ulnar deviation i handleden; 9–22°, bålflexion/extension; 8 –1°, bålrotation vänster/höger; 24–24, bålböjning höger/vänster; 7 – 8°, höftflexion 85-116°, knäflexion; 7–56° och plantar/dorsalflexion i foten 64–91°. När intensiteten ökade, ökade rörelseutslaget signifikant i skulderflexion, skulderinåtrotation, bål-, höft-, knä- och fotflektion. Generellt fanns det ingen signifikant skillnad mellan sidorna vad gäller rörelseutslag. Slutsats Resultaten från denna studie kan användas som adekvata referensvärden i utvecklandet av den evidensbaserade klassificeringen av para-kanotister.
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Sharpe, Carlin R. "Top hat and cane show : gendered emotional labour in kayak guiding." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Sociology, c2012, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3237.
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This thesis interrogates the intersections of gender and emotional labour in an exploratory study of guided kayak tours. The kayak tour is a socially produced location where guides hold the double role of entertainer and protector of their clients. The social space of the tour not only constructs and markets to particular clients (which impact guide-clients interactions), but also constructs particular gender locations for guides. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted to produce rich qualitative data, and were supplemented by fieldwork and examination of promotional materials. Guides’ stories offer detailed accounts of the emotional labour in which they engage as they produce a tour experience for clients. They also reveal the ways in which this labour is intertwined with their gender projects. As kayaking is unexamined within sociological literature, this thesis contributes to an understanding of the social world and furthers knowledge on the complexities of gender and emotional labour.<br>viii, 112 leaves ; 29 cm
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Lourme, Bertrand. "Traitement de données physiques et physiologiques effectué sur des kayakistes de course en ligne : caractérisation du geste et optimisation du rendement énergétique." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10165.
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Après la présentation du système d'acquisition, sont exposées les différentes campagnes de mesure à partir desquelles une première analyse a été faite. Ces expérimentations ont permis, en outre, de mettre en évidence un certain nombre de problèmes et de faire évoluer le système. A partir de ces premiers résultats, de nouveaux logiciels d'analyse sont présentes qui permettent de solutionner des problèmes spécifiques, comme le transfert de l'énergie ou l'optimisation du geste
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Morris, Stuart Charles. "An investigation of kayak geometry and athlete performance in Olympic canoe slalom." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.716836.
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The Olympic sport of Canoe Slalom relies heavily on the complex relationship between an athlete and their equipment, to complete a task in the shortest time possible, without occurring penalties, within a demanding white water environment. A successful slalom kayak is a compromise of forward speed, manoeuvrability and stability as defined by its physical form, allowing the athlete to maintain control in a race environment. The evolution of the slalom kayak has been slow and no set methodology exists to quantify and compare designs and their performance outputs. Slalom competitions are regularly lost by fractions of a second and as the sport relies heavily on equipment, it is imperative that an athlete has the optimal kayak to aid their performance. A questionnaire captured initial information regarding the British Canoe Slalom team athlete’s current boats and related performance. This data lead to a structured testing protocol being devised. A series of identical kayaks manufactured with four iterative form changes at three levels were laser scanned to capture their geometry from which hydrostatic and form analysis was carried out using CAD. Two athletes completed three field tests in the iterative kayak forms. Objective and subjective measures captured performance and the results were presented as a percentage of a control. Strathclyde Universities tow tank facility investigated the kayak forms outright steady state drag characteristics. The results showed that the methodology captured differences in kayak geometry and performance. Average performance time improvements of up to 1.94% were seen over the control kayak as well as decreases in performance of up to 12.4% due to differences in kayak form. The results indicated that athlete mass was an important factor in how a design performed and that different forms should be designed and selected for different athlete masses. This thesis produces a body of knowledge defining methodologies for the categorisation and analysis of slalom kayak form and methods for testing performance. This research will be beneficial to athletes, coaches, designers and manufacturers.
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Munoz, Nates Franco Miller. "Contribution à l'analyse biomécanique de l'activité en kayak. Mise en place et validation d'une chaîne de mesure dynamométrique tridimensionnelle." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2333/document.
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Les méthodes modernes d'entraînement utilisent des appareillages spécifiques appelés ergomètres sur lesquels, en particulier, des programmes d'entraînement et d'évaluation sont proposés par les entraîneurs. De tels dispositifs favorisent la continuité d'un entraînement pendant les périodes peu favorables à une pratique sportive. De même, lorsque ces outils sont instrumentés, ils apportent à l'entraîneur des informations difficilement accessibles en situation réelle de pratique. Ce travail s'inscrit dans cette problématique scientifique dont l'objet est la conception d'un ergomètre pour la pratique du kayak en ligne. Les travaux réalisés ont conduit à la conception d'un ergomètre kayak capable de reproduire les conditions d'une pratique écologique aussi précisément que possible tant d'un point de vue de la gestuelle (cinématique) que des efforts générés (dynamique) d'une part, de proposer et de valider une instrumentation afin de recueillir l'ensemble des efforts d'interaction kayakiste/ergomètre, d'autre part. De plus, cette instrumentation doit être suffisamment exigeante en termes de poids et d'encombrement pour être installée dans un kayak K1 pour réaliser des mesures in situ. Les moyens mis en œuvre donnent accès aux variables biomécaniques permettant de quantifier les éléments de base de la technique de pagayage qui constituent l'ensemble des facteurs déterminants de la performance (force, endurance, technique, etc.). Scientifiques et entraineurs ont ainsi à leur disposition un outil pour une évaluation objective des performances du kayakiste. Ce travail a été réalisé dans le cadre d'une collaboration entre l'axe RoBioss, le CAIPS et la société SENSIX<br>The modern training methods developed during the last 20 years involve specific equipments named ergometer. These devices allow semi-specific training sessions on a sheltered environment to develop strength during unfavorable periods of in situ practice. They are also more and more used by coaches to evaluate athlete’s skills and aptitudes. Ergometers provide numerical information that cannot be easily measured during in situ sessions. This work is a significant contribution of the following scientific problems; firstly the design of a flat-water kayak ergometer that reproduces accurately on-water conditions, both kinematics and forces generated (dynamic) during the throughout the whole kayaking cycle, secondly, to propose and validate an instrumentation to collect every dynamic interactions between the ergometer and kayaker (hands, seat, feet). In addition, this instrumentation must be design in terms of weight, size and watertightness to be installed in a kayak K1 for in situ measurements. This instrumentation quantifies the basic biomechanics parameters of the kayaking performance such as external forces, endurance, technique, etc. As a result, researchers and coaches will be able to evaluate kayakers’ performance using an unbiased device. This work was conducted as part of a scientific collaboration between the RoBioSS research team, CAIPS and SENSIX compagny
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Begon, Mickaël. "Analyse et simulation tridimensionnelle de mouvements cycliques sur un ergomètre spécifique au kayak." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2318.
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Le thème général de ce travail est l’analyse du mouvement de pagayage sur un ergomètre instrumenté spécifique au kayak. La première partie est une validation de la mesure et de la cinématique des kayakistes sur un ergomètre instrumenté de capteurs de forcemono-axiaux associé à un système cinématographique. Un modèle anthropométrique tridimensionnel et des capteurs de force triaxiaux sont nécessaires à la poursuite de l’analyse. Lors de la seconde partie, un modèle géométrique et dynamique du système athlète – ergomètre est défini pour simuler le pagayage. Les conséquences de modifications matérielles et de la gestuelle sont ainsi évaluées. La dernière partie présente l’intérêt d’un modèle anthropométrique qui dissocie des épaules du tronc et partitionne le tronc. Les données cinématiques sont améliorées par la gestion des occlussions partielles due au passage de la pagaie devant les membres inférieurs et à une procédure de localisation des centres articulaires adaptée aux sportifs<br>The main purpose of this PhD thesis is the analysis of paddling an instrumented ergometer specific to kayak. The first part describes the measurement and kinematics validation of an ergometer instrumented by mono-axial force sensors with a motion analysis system. The continuation of the project requires a three-dimensional anthropometrical model and three-axial force sensors. In the second part, a geometrical and dynamic model of the system athlete – ergometer is defined to simulate paddling. Then effects of material and movement modifications are tested. The last part presents the interest of a model that dissociates shoulders from the trunk and divides the trunk. Kinematic data are improved by the treatment of partial occlusions due to paddle motion closed to lower limbs and by a procedure, to determine the hip joint centre, adapted to athletes
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Malmstad, Emelie. "Sittergonomi för kajakpaddlare." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72865.
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Kajaker härstammar från inuiterna och är en vattenfarkost som användes för att jaga och fiska. Idag används kajaker även till rekreationspaddling och detta projekt fokuserar på att framställa ett material som ger bättre förståelse för hur det ergonomiska sittandet i en kajak bör se ut. Syftet med projektet är att genomföra det självständigt på ett ingenjörsmässigt sätt och presentera detta skriftligt och muntligt. Projektet genomförs med metoder såsom observationer, intervju, enkäter och faktasökning och mynnar ut i ett informationsunderlag som kan ligga till grund för fortsatt arbete. Informationen presenteras för slutanvändare i form av en broschyr och slutsatsen som dras är att informationen som presenterats för slutanvändarna faller i god jord samt att ett gott ergonomiskt sittande är komplext.<br>Kayaks originate from the Inuits and is a watercraft that is used for hunting and fishing. Today, kayaks are also used for recreational paddling and this project focuses on producing a material that gives a better understanding of how the ergonomic sitting in a kayak should look. The purpose of the project is to carry it out independently in an engineering way and to present it orally and in writing. The project is carried out using methods such as observations, interviews, questionnaires and searching for facts. It culminates in an information base which can be the basis from which continued work can be carried out. The information has been presented to the end users in the form of a brochure and the conclusion drawn is that the information has been received favourably and that good ergonomic sitting is complex.
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Espinoza, Canales Elisabeth. "Structure and tectonics of the offshore region close to Kayak Island from geophysical information." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2004. http://louisdl.louislibraries.org/u?/NOD,139.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of New Orleans, 2004.<br>Title from electronic submission form. "A thesis ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Geology and Geophysics."--Thesis t.p. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Paquette, Myriam. "Caractérisation de l'oxygénation musculaire lors d'efforts en canoë-kayak et relation avec la performance." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69444.
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La performance en canoë-kayak de vitesse a été associée à la consommation maximale d'O2 (VO2max), au seuil lactate, ainsi qu'à l'aptitude anaérobie et à des qualités musculaires. Or, les particularités physiologiques du canoë-kayak de vitesse suggèrent que la composante périphérique du système aérobie, et plus particulièrement la capacité d'extraction d'O2 musculaire, serait un déterminant important de la performance. Une bonne compréhension des déterminants physiologiques de la performance est cruciale pour que les programmes d'entraînement et les tests utilisés pour le suivi des adaptations à l'entraînement chez les athlètes soient appropriés. Avec l'avènement d'appareils de spectroscopie dans le proche infrarouge portables et abordables, il est maintenant possible de mesurer les changements d'oxygénation musculaire (SmO2) de différents muscles actifs à l'effort. Ainsi, les objectifs des quatre articles inclus dans cette thèse étaient de caractériser les changements d'oxygénation musculaire à l'effort et en réponse à différents types d'entraînement afin de mieux comprendre le rôle des adaptations périphériques dans la performance en canoë-kayak de vitesse et d'explorer l'effet de différents types d'entraînement sur ces paramètres physiologiques et sur la performance. L'étude 1, examinant l'association entre les paramètres d'oxygénation musculaire et la performance au 200 m, 500 m et 1000 m, permet de conclure que l'extraction maximale d'O2 dans les muscles étudiés est le meilleur prédicteur de performance sur les trois distances, et suggère que l'extraction d'O2 est un meilleur prédicteur de performance que le VO2max en canoë-kayak de vitesse. Dans l'étude 2, l'évaluation de la réponse physiologique aiguë à diverses séances d'entraînement par intervalles indique que les séances d'entraînement par intervalles de sprint (SIT), comparativement aux séances d'entraînement par intervalles courts (HIIT), permettent d'induire les niveaux de SmO2 les plus faibles et d'accumuler le plus de temps à SmO2 faible, ce qui en ferait potentiellement un stimulus de choix pour générer des adaptations de la capacité d'extraction d'O2 musculaire. L'étude 3 visait à évaluer les changements d'oxygénation musculaire en réponse à un camp d'entraînement chez des athlètes élites, pour évaluer si l'entraînement actuellement prescrit chez les kayakistes suscite des adaptations périphériques. Suite au camp d'entraînement, l'amélioration de la performance sur 200 m et 1000 m était concomitante à une SmO2 réduite, suggérant une amélioration de la capacité d'extraction d'O2 chez les athlètes. Finalement, dans la dernière étude de cette thèse, l'effet d'un programme de SIT ou de HIIT sur les paramètres d'oxygénation musculaire et sur la performance au 200 m, 500 m et 1000 m a été mesuré, afin d'évaluer si les séances générant des niveaux de SmO2 faibles et soutenus présentaient un stimulus optimal pour l'amélioration de la capacité d'extraction d'O2. Le HIIT a permis d'améliorer la performance dans les trois contre-la-montre, alors que l'amélioration de performance était non significative après le SIT. Le VO2max était inchangé suite à l'entraînement, mais la désoxygénation maximale atteinte dans le contre-la-montre de 1000 m était accrue en réponse aux deux formes d'entraînement. Au 1000 m, l'amélioration de la performance avec l'entraînement était associée à l'augmentation de la désoxygénation maximale atteinte dans les muscles grand dorsal et vaste externe, spécialement dans le groupe HIIT. Alors que ces résultats ne supportent pas l'hypothèse que le SIT serait un meilleur stimulus pour générer des adaptations périphériques comparativement au HIIT, ils mettent en évidence la contribution des adaptations périphériques à la performance en kayak de vitesse. Ainsi, les résultats présentés dans cette thèse permettent une meilleure compréhension de la demande physiologique du canoë-kayak de vitesse et attestent du rôle des adaptations périphériques du système aérobie, et plus particulièrement de la capacité d'extraction d'O2 musculaire, comme déterminant physiologique de la performance. Ils permettent de confirmer que l'entraînement est associé à une augmentation de la capacité d'extraction d'O2, et que cette dernière est associée à l'augmentation de la performance. Devant ces résultats, il devient évident que l'entraînement des athlètes de canoë-kayak de vitesse devrait, entre autres, viser une optimisation des adaptations périphériques. La mesure des changements d'oxygénation musculaire à l'effort lors de tests, de séances d'entraînement et de contre-la-montre peut fournir une information précieuse sur le profil de l'athlète, permettre d'identifier les composantes physiologiques à optimiser chez l'athlète et d'évaluer sa réponse au programme d'entraînement, et serait un outil pertinent à ajouter au suivi effectué auprès des athlètes de canoë-kayak<br>Performance in sprint canoe-kayak has been associated with maximal O2 uptake (VO2max), lactate threshold, as well as anaerobic fitness and muscle qualities. However, the physiological peculiarities of sprint canoe-kayak suggest that the peripheral component of the aerobic system, and more precisely the muscle O2 extraction capacity, is an important determinant of performance. A good understanding of the key performance indicators is crucial to validate training programs and tests used to monitor training adaptations in athletes. With the advent of portable and affordable near infrared spectroscopy devices, it is now possible to measure changes in muscle oxygenation (SmO2) in different active muscles during exercise. Thus, the goals of the four articles included in this thesis were to characterize the changes in muscle oxygenation during exercise and in response to different types of training in order to better understand the role of peripheral adaptations in sprint canoe-kayak performance and explore the effect of different types of training on these physiological parameters and on performance. Study 1, examining the association between muscle oxygenation parameters and 200m, 500m and 1000m performance in provincial to international level canoe-kayak athletes, concludes that maximal O2 extraction in the muscles studied is the best predictor of performance over all three distances, and suggests that O2 extraction is a better predictor of performance than VO2max in sprint canoe-kayak. In Study 2, the evaluation of the acute physiological response to various interval training sessions indicated that sprint interval training (SIT), compared to short interval training (HIIT), induces the lowest SmO2 levels and cumulates the longest time at low SmO2, potentially making it a stimulus of choice to generate muscle O2 extraction adaptations, and therefore improve performance in sprint canoe-kayak. Study 3 assessed changes in muscle oxygenation in response to a 3-week training camp in a group of elite athletes, to assess whether the training usually prescribed to kayakers elicits peripheral adaptations. After the training camp, the improvement in performance over 200m and 1000m was concomitant with reduced SmO2, suggesting an improvement in O2 extraction capacity. Finally, in the last study of this thesis, the effect of a SIT or HIIT program on muscle oxygenation parameters and on performance over 200m, 500m and 1000m was measured, in order to assess whether sessions generating low and sustained levels of SmO2 present an optimal stimulus for improving O2 extraction capacity. HIIT improved performance in all three time trials, while performance improvements were trivial after SIT. VO2max was unchanged after training, but the maximum deoxygenation achieved in the 1000m time trial was increased in response to both training types. In the 1000m, the increase in performance with training was associated with the increase in maximal deoxygenation in the latissimus dorsi and vastus lateralis muscles, especially in the HIIT group. While these results do not support the hypothesis that SIT would be a better stimulus than HIIT to induce peripheral adaptations, they do highlight the important contribution of peripheral adaptations to sprint kayaking performance. Thus, the results presented in this thesis allow for a better understanding of the physiological demand of sprint canoe-kayak and attest to the role of peripheral adaptations, and more specifically of the muscle O2 extraction capacity, as a physiological determinant of performance. They confirm that training is associated with increased O2 extraction capacity, and that the latter is associated with increased performance. Given these results, it becomes clear that the training of sprint canoe-kayak athletes should aim at optimizing peripheral adaptations. Measuring changes in muscle oxygenation during exercise during tests, training sessions and time trials can provide valuable information on the athlete's profile, help identify the physiological components to be optimized and assess the athlete's response to the training program, and would be a valuable tool to add to the monitoring performed with canoe-kayak athletes.
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Pickett, Craig. "Factors determining 200-m kayak performance: Muscle strength, aerobic capacity, stroke kinematics and training." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2325.
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200-m sprint kayaking requires repeated cyclic force production, and athletes typically incorporate resistance training programs aimed at improving muscular strength and power and the ability to produce high forces over the course of the race (i.e. 31-40 s). Whilst upper body strength and whole-body maximal oxygen uptake have been associated with faster race times in sub-elite athletes, it is not known whether strength and aerobic capacity, or changes in them, influence performances in high-level kayak athletes.
In Study 1 of the present thesis, relationships between isoinertial strength (i.e., bench press, bench row, chin-up and deadlift), VO2max, and 200-m race times were quantified in 22 national- and elite-level kayak athletes, including three Olympic finalists. Strong relationships were found between race time and both upper body strength (r = -0.81 to -0.73) and VO2max (r = -0.70), but not deadlift strength. However, isometric force testing might be of greater diagnostic value as it allows for the quantification of time-specific force production (i.e. matching the time available for force production within the stroke) at joint angles similar to those of the limbs during the kayak stroke.
Therefore, Study 2 examined relationships between lower-body isometric force and 200- m race times. Relationships between the mid-thigh pull force and 200-m race time were found to be poor-to-moderate (r = -0.49 to 0.07), suggesting (along with the results of Study 1) that maximal lower body force production might not be as closely associated with 200-m kayak time as upper body strength.
Whether performances in isometric bench press and bench row tests might be more associated with 200-m race time than isoinertial tests was then examined in Study 3. Despite limited test familiarisation, isometric force produced to time points >0.2 s after force onset were both reliable (ICCs > 0.91 to 0.97 for bench press measured to different time points) and strongly-to-very strongly related (r > -0.51 to -0.80) to both race times and performances in the corresponding isoinertial strength tests. However, relationships with race time for the isometric tests were of a similar magnitude to those of the isoinertial tests, and they thus provided no additional information than those tests.
In Study 4, pacing patterns and stroke kinetics were quantified during 200-m kayak races in 19 high- and elite-level athletes. The athletes executed “fast-start” pacing plans in which the acceleration rate to maximal velocity was a key determinant in race times (r=-0.95 ± 0.04). Further, better-performed athletes used higher stroke rates, although stroke rate did not discriminate between those better athletes. Within the cohort of faster athletes, stroke length (r=-0.48 to -0.85) and the effective work produced within each stroke (r = -0.81 to -0.95) were determining factors in final race times. Athletes who displayed lower fatigue-induced decrements in stroke length and effective work per stroke had faster race times.
In the final study, the effects of altering muscular strength on 200-m race time as well as changes in aerobic capacity and kayak technique were examined through the use of an 8-week eccentric-biased strength training (ECC-b) block as compared to their standard concentric-eccentric (CON-ECC) strength training. ECC-b led to greater improvements than CON-ECC in race time (adjusted mean difference: 1.86 s), stroke length (0.19 to 0.43 m), and effective work per stroke (14.7 to 19.1), total isoinertial strength (the sum of all lifts =15.3 kg), isometric strength (232 to 293 N) and absolute (0.18 Lmin-1) and relative VO2max (3.74 mL kg∙min-1). CON-ECC resulted in a reduced performance in the race time (? s) and some tests, perhaps due to training-induced fatigue.
When viewed collectively, the studies of the current thesis indicate that upper body muscular contractile force capacity and wholebody maximal oxygen uptake are key factors influencing 200-m kayak race time. These factors, as well as 200-m time and stroke effectiveness, were positively influenced by the completion of a block of heavy, eccentric-biased strength training even though the contraction mode and movement pattern of exercises was dissimilar to that of the kayak stroke. Future research might examine the effects of eccentric-biased strength training on performance in other sports such as cycling, swimming and rowing, which require the repeated performance of concentric muscular contractions
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Mat, Rosly Maziah Binti. "Health and leisure time physical activity promotion through exergaming for individuals with spinal cord injury." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18888.
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This thesis comprised of six critical studies divided into three phases, which evaluated the context, explored available alternatives to exercise and sought to improve the unsettling scenario of “sedentary” lifestyles among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). In the first phase, descriptive information on moderate to vigorous exercises and its associated barriers to participation were extracted among community-dwelling SCI. The approach used non-invasive instruments (validated questionnaires) which allowed description of activities and the associated barriers in large epidemiological studies. The second phase, sought to explore and provide a scientifically grounded alternative to exercise termed “exergaming” (a combination of exercise and gaming with body movements) for this population in the form of a systematic review and a pilot study. The third and final phase of the thesis involved comparing exergaming to conventional exercise counterparts whilst finding directions for improvement.
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Srivastav, Abhishek, and Spyridon Xenos. "Environmental Assessment of Kayak using MFA & LCA : A case study at Melker of Sweden." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-285895.
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Kayaking is a watersport activity that involves paddling performed within leisure purposes. Although kayaking provides pleasure to the practitioners, there are some adverse environmental issues concerning the site used to perform kayaking due to the equipment. This paper identifies and analyzes the lifecycle stages in which negative environmental impacts are generated. Melker of Sweden is an outdoor company specialized in delivering high-quality kayaks. This study aims to present an overview of the current environmental performance of Melker of Sweden’s kayaks. For this purpose, two environmental assessment tools are applied: material flow analysis and life cycle assessment. The Material Flow Analysis (MFA) results show that the transport of material to the manufacturing unit generates a considerable amount of emissions. Additionally, hull manufacturing and assembling accessories were found to be the least resource-efficient operation among all. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) results identify the transport of material and the manufacturing phase as the primary sources responsible for environmental impacts. On the one hand, the use of epoxy resin and gel coat is the root cause of high contribution of the manufacturing phase. On the other hand, the use of flax fiber found to be the least contributing material to adverse environmental impacts. This report also presents a list of recommendations regarding the import of material, the efficacy of the manufacturing operations, the type of raw material, and waste treatment alternatives.<br>Fysisk aktivitet kan innefatta olika fritidsaktiviteter, däribland friluftsliv. Kajakpaddling är en sådan friluftslivaktivitet, alltefter utövares syfte. I denna rapport är kajakpaddling en fritidsaktivitet där där utövarens naturupplevelse främjas. Oaktat fördelarna vid utövandet av denna aktivitet kan ej förbises faktum att det också kan medföras vissa negativa konsekvenser. Denna masteruppsats har som mål att identifiera och analysera den miljöpåverkan och dennes efterspel som orsakats av en kajaks tillverkning. Melker of Sweden är ett utomhusföretag specialiserat på att leverera kajaker av hög kvalitet. I linje med företagets vision syftar denna studie till att undersöka den nuvarande miljöprestandan samt kvantifiera den potentiella miljöpåverkan från en kajaks livscykel. För detta ändamål tillämpas det två miljöbedömningsverktyg, nämligen en materialflödesanalys och livscykelanalys. Materialflödesanalysen visar att mängden av utsläpp som genereras från transporten av material till tillverkningsenheten är enorm. Utöver detta var den hulltillverkning samt den montering av tillbehörsverksamheter bland de minst resurseffektiva tillverkningssteg. Livscykelanalysen identifierar import av material och tillverkningsfas som de viktigaste källorna till miljöpåverkan. Å ena sidan är användningen av epoxiharts och gelbeläggning i tillverkningen grundorsaken till huvudbidraget. Å andra sidan är användningen av linfiber det minst bidragande material då det gäller negativa miljöeffekter. I denna studie ges rekommendationer rörande import av vissa material och materialval, sätt att öka tillverkningseffektiviteten, typ av råmaterial samt avfallsbehandlingsalternativ.
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Marsac, Antoine. "Canoë-Kayak, des torrents au stade d’eau vive : sociologie des pratiques et ethnographie des apprentissages." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100171.
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Historiquement, le canoë-kayak s'est constitué autour du principe de libre circulation sur les cours d'eau et sur un imaginaire touristique de la nature. Dès l’après-guerre, des parties de rivières se sont fermées à la navigation, conduisant les kayakistes à rechercher de nouveaux espaces de pratique. Des sites d'eau vive sont alors identifiés et classés durant les années soixante-dix, selon deux logiques non exclusives pour les pratiquants français. Une logique « naturelle », fondée sur un environnement instable et sauvage est liée aux conceptions touristiques et sportives de la nature (cas de l’Ubaye et la Rivière des Marsoins à la Réunion). Une logique artificielle est organisée autour d’aménagements (barrages, rivières artificielles), de l'implantation de piquets de slalom sur un plan d'eau à la création d'un parcours artificiel urbain (Stade d’eau vive de Cergy). A partir de ces deux logiques, cette thèse s’attache à décrire l’organisation des kayakistes via l’urbanisation des sports de nature. Ce faisant, il s’agit de jeter un regard croisé sur la rationalisation du geste sportif et la normalisation du fait urbain. Comment les kayakistes adaptent-ils les pratiques d’eau vive, de la nature à la ville ? L’urbanisation de l’activité, liée au processus de « sportivisation », induirait une stabilité des conditions et des dispositions sociales de pratique, en particulier en slalom, discipline olympique. Si l'activité est fondée sur un idéal de libre exploration de la nature, le canoë-kayak est aujourd'hui pratiqué par des citadins dont la socialisation et l’apprentissage se produisent en milieu aménagé. Un dispositif artificiel déplace les contraintes de l'activité, transformant le sens premier des usages ludiques (de la descente de rivière au freestyle) et les représentations qui les accompagnent<br>Historically, canoeing is based on the principle of free circulation on water streams and on a tourism-oriented overview of nature. In post-war years, rivers were closed to navigation, which led kayakers to search for new spaces to practice. In the seventies, sites of wild water have been identified and classified following two logics. The first logic is a natural one, which relies on an unstable and wild environment, and is associated with tourist and sports conceptions of nature (cf. The case of Ubaye and the Porpoise River on Reunion Island). An artificially-built logic organizes itself around developments (dams, artificial rivers), from setting-up slalom poles on surface of water to the out of nothing creation of an artificial run (Wild water Stadium of Cergy). This thesis, which is based on both logics, attempts to describe the organization of kayakers via the urbanization of natural sports. This consists more precisely in studying a cross approach of the rationalization of the sports movement and of the normalization of the urban fact. How do the kayakers adapt the practices of wild water from nature to the city? Bound to the process of “sportivisation”, the urbanization of the activity would increase stability of the conditions and of the disposition of practice, especially for slalom, which is a Olympic discipline. Kayaking is now practised by city-dwellers, whose socialization and learning occur in a developed environment. An installation like the one in Cergy changes the constraints of the activity, and thus the sense of play habits (from river kayaking to freestyle) and the representations accompanying them
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Drieux, Christiane. "Les Inughuit, chasseurs de narvals. Évolution et adaptations des savoirs et savoir-faire dans un environnement en changement." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP024.
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Cette thèse présente, sous la forme d’une monographie s’appuyant sur plusieurs enquêtes de terrain, les savoirs et savoir-faire des Inughuit, chasseurs de narvals, au nord-ouest du Groenland. À travers une abondante iconographie et par la mise en perspective des pratiques du début du XXe siècle et celles des chasseurs actuels, elle met en lumière la façon dont les Inughuit conjuguent résilience et créativité. Les chasseurs de narvals privilégient des équipements et des kayaks dont la conception, par les capacités et les savoirs qu’elle exige, les relie à leurs ancêtres. En perpétuant la chasse au narval en kayak, ils conjuguent dextérité du geste, virtuosité du corps, attention de l’esprit à l’environnement et aux animaux, avec tradition communautaire. Alors que l’ouverture à la modernité leur donne accès aux véhicules motorisés, les chasseurs pour se rendre sur les lieux de chasse au printemps, chargent leurs kayaks sur des traineaux à chiens. Cette thèse analyse leurs choix et montre la place particulière que les chasseurs accordent au dialogue interspécifique avec les animaux qu’ils considèrent comme doués d’intentionnalité et dotés d’intelligence. Parallèlement cette étude examine l’impact, sur les pratiques traditionnelles, de nouvelles règlementations visant à protéger les narvals dans ce qui leur est une zone de reproduction. Des nécessités économiques et des changements environnementaux imputables au dérèglement climatique, contraignent les chasseurs à se tourner vers d’autres sources de revenus, à s’adapter à d’autres règles inspirées par l’ouverture vers une société de marché et induisent un autre rapport à l’environnement. Ainsi, les chasseurs ont créé une coopérative qui commercialise le mattaaq des narvals qu’ils ont harponnés pendant la saison estivale et les flétans dont ils ont développé la pêche pendant la période de banquise. L’étude menée dans les quatre villages de la région, remarque l’influence de cette évolution sur l’appropriation et la redistribution du gibier capturé, dans une communauté régulée par l’entraide et le partage. Tandis que les Inughuit, dans une démarche alliant créativité et résilience, ouvrent leur monde à la globalisation, la chasse au narval, en étant profondément ancrée dans des relations ancestrales avec l’environnement et les animaux, continue à procurer à la communauté non seulement un accès à la viande et au mattaaq mais aussi un lien avec son passé, une cohésion autour de son héritage culturel, et constitue une pratique spécifique identitaire, porteuse de normes régulatrices<br>This thesis presents, in the form of a monograph based on several field works, the knowledge and skill of the Inughuit narwhal hunters, in northwest Greenland. Through abundant iconography and by putting into perspective of the practices of early twentieth century hunters and those of current ones, it highlights how the Inughuit combine resilience and creativity. Narwhal hunters favour equipment and kayaks whose design, with the skills and knowledge they require, connect them to their ancestors. By perpetuating narwhal hunting from kayak, they combine dexterity of gesture, extreme physical skills, attention to the environment and the animals, with their community traditions. While opening up to modernity gives them access to motorized vehicles, hunters, to go to the hunting grounds in the spring, load their kayaks on dog sledges. This thesis examines their choice and shows the special place that hunters give to interspecies dialogue with animals they consider to be intentioned and endowed with intelligence. In parallel, this study investigates the impact on traditional practices of new regulations to protect narwhals in what is a breeding area. Economic necessities and environmental changes due to climate modifications, compel hunters to turn to other sources of income, to adapt to other rules inspired by them opening up to a market society and induce a different relationship to the environment. Thus, hunters have created a cooperative that markets the mattaaq of the narwhals they have harpooned during the summer season and halibut whose fishing they have developed during the sea ice season. The study conducted in the four villages of the region, notes the influence of this evolution on the appropriation and redistribution of killed game, in a community regulated by mutual aid and sharing. While the Inughuit, in an approach combining creativity and resilience, open their world to globalization, narwhal hunting, deeply rooted in ancestral relationships with the environment and animals, continues to provide the community, not only access to meat and mattaaq, but also a link with its past, a cohesion around its cultural heritage, and constitutes a specific identity-based practice, bearing regulatory norms
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Hussain, Asad. "Hjälpmedel för kanotister att synkronisera sina paddelrörelser : Androidapplikation för synkronisering av kanotisters paddeltag." Thesis, KTH, Hälsoinformatik och logistik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239737.
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Inom kanotsporten är synkronisering av paddeltag i en kanot med fler än en kanotist väldigt viktig för att uppnå en så hög hastighet som möjligt. Hans Rosdahl från Gymnastik- och Idrottshögskolan har därför gett i uppdrag att utveckla en mobilapplikation som ger respons till kanotisten som använder applikationen om dennes paddeltag är synkroniserad med frontkanotisten. En förstudie har därför utförts för att bland annat undersöka de olika sensoralternativen som fanns tillgängliga och en applikation inom operativsystemet Android har utvecklats. Applikationen ansluter sig till IMU-sensorer, Intertial Measurement Unit, som sitter på varje paddel och som mäter tröghetskrafterna för att bestämma orientering av sensorn. Applikationen tar emot IMU-data från sensorerna som sitter på användarkanotistens och frontkanotistens paddlar och varje sensor avgör när ett paddeltag har utförts genom orienteringen på sensorn. Denna sensordata som visar ett utfört paddeltag används för att beräkna tidsskillnaden är på paddeltagen från båda kanotister. När tidsskillnaden har räknats ut får användaren visuell respons på mobilskärmen om denne är synkroniserad med frontkanotisten eller inte och på vilken nivå synkroniseringen ligger.<br>Synchronisation of paddle stroke is an important aspect within the sports of paddling with multiple paddles in one boat to maximise the velocity. Hans Rosdahl from The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, therefore provided a task to develop a mobile phone application that offers feedback to the paddlers using the application if their paddle stroke is synchronised with the paddler in front. A pre-study has been carried out to investigate possible sensor alternatives that are available, and an application has been developed for the mobile operative system Android. The application connects to an IMU, Inertial Measurement Unit, sensor that measures inertia to determine the orientation of the sensor node. The application receives sensor data from the IMU from the user paddler’s and the front paddler’s sensor nodes and each sensor determines when a paddle stroke has occurred using its orientation. The data showing a stroke is used to calculate the time difference between these strokes to evaluate if the user is synchronised with the front paddler or not. After this evaluation, the user receives a visual response of their synchronisation level on their screen.
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Grare, Arnaud. "Étude et réalisation d'un système de traitement de données relatives à un kayak de course en ligne." Lille 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985LIL10115.
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Les travaux présentés constituent une contribution à l'étude du sport de kayak. Ils concernent l'ensemble électronique et informatique développé pour offrir à l'entraîneur un outil d'analyse du sport de kayak. A partir d'une étude des interactions fonctionnelles entre un kayak, l'équipage et les pagaies, est conçu un système d'acquisition relié à différents capteurs. Mémorisées provisoirement dans une centrale à bord du kayak, les mesures sont stockées par un ordinateur sur disquettes. Des logiciels de traitements de ces mesures sont proposés et offrent à l'entraîneur un outil d'analyse interactif. Enfin l'utilisation du système pour des calculs de modélisation de coups de pagaie, de déphasage entre pagayeurs et de transferts énergétiques est exposée.
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Dasril, Benderi. "The design, construction and assessment of a sprint kayaking balance training aid." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14854.
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The main purpose of this study was to develop and assess an on-land training aid for learning balance in sprint kayaking. The literature has shown the importance of biomechanical analysis and how training aids can provide a beneficial part in the learning process of new skills. An on-water experimental analysis was conducted on experienced paddlers to establish the kinematic characteristics and the centre of rotation position of the kayak-paddler system. From this analysis it was found that the kayak rolling motion is dependent on the paddler's ability and the centre of rotation of the kayak paddler system relative to the seat of the kayak was found to be between 10 cm - 13 cm above the seat. Findings from this analysis were interpreted into technical requirements and integrated into the design of the training aid. Once built the training aid prototype was evaluated by a series of testing and modification to enhance its ability to replicate the on-water kayak. The evaluation data showed that the stationary sprint kayak on-water medial-lateral rolling motion is affected by weight variations and further evaluation demonstrated that the training aid has the ability to replicate the motion for different weights. An experimental assessment on a group of beginners was carried out and the results showed that the training aid was able to facilitate the learning of balance in sprint kayaking. The experimental subjects who used the balance training aid had the same total number of sessions as the control subjects who learned to balance in the actual sprint kayak (experimental, 9 + 1 sessions; control, 9 + 1 sessions). However, the experimental subjects only spent half of the total number of sessions learning on-water (4 + 1 sessions) and the other half on the training aid (5 + 1 sessions).
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Ekman, Matilda. "The development of a novel sport specific isometric strength measurement for para kayak classification : A reliability study." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för fysisk aktivitet och hälsa, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-6776.
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To the author’s knowledge, no research has earlier been done on the development of a sport specific strength measurement system for para kayak classification.Aim: In order to work in line with the International Paralympic Committee, to develop more evidence-based methods for classification, the overall purpose of this study was to design and develop a sport specific test battery to measure force in isometric contractions. It was also: (1) to test-retest the battery on able-bodied participants, to ensure the reliability of the method for further research and (2) to evaluate whether performing two or three trials is sufficient when testing the test battery for reliability. Method: Ten able-bodied participants volunteered to this study. All participants performed a test battery of four isometric strength tests. The participants completed three voluntary maximal isometric contractions for each exercise with a duration of 5 seconds, and a 30 second rest separating each trial. Data used in the analysis, was the mean value of two respectively three trials. The Shapiro-Wilk test of normality was used to assess the normality of the data. The level of significance when testing normality was set to p < 0.05. A dependent t-test and an intraclass correlations coefficient (ICC) with a 2-way mixed effects- model, absolute agreement, method 3.1 were used to assess the test-retest reliability for both trial 1-2 and trial 1-3. Results: All tests showed high reliability and no systematic error were found. The data were normally distributed. When analysing data from three trials, one test showed good reliability; knee extension left (ICC=0,77). All other data showed excellent reliability. When analysing data from two trials, two tests showed good reliability; leg press left (ICC = 0,88) and knee extension left (ICC = 0,78). All other data showed excellent reliability (> 90). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that all tests can reliably be applied in a classification system for para-kayak. Both of the methods, using three data points and using two data points, can be used when analysing the data.
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Beaumier, Carl. "L'impact de l'utilisation d'un cale-pied dans la transmission des forces du pagayeur en kayak de vitesse." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1994. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/5218/1/000607726.pdf.
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LUTIER, BENOIT. "Exploration isocinetique de la force musculaire des rotateurs internes et externes des epaules de joueurs de tennis et de kayakistes." Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN1M035.
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Bjerkefors, Anna. "Performance and trainability in paraplegics : motor function, shoulder muscle strength and sitting balance before and after kayak ergometer training /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-981-5/.
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Cartwright, James A. "An Investigation of a Highly Successful Team Environment: The Case of the Male French National Whitewater Slalom Single Canoe and Kayak Team." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19738.
Full textAbstract:
To date, most of the research on group cohesion has focused on team sports, with little known about how this body of knowledge relates to individual sports. The case of the male French whitewater slalom canoe and kayak team was chosen because of the success of the team at World Championships and Olympic Games. The purpose of the present case study was to investigate how the coaches and athletes of this highly successful team worked together in training and competition within a highly competitive environment. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with six athletes and four coaches. Three themes, each containing numerous sub-themes, emerged from the analysis: (a) the nature of collaboration within the team environment, (b) coach leadership, and (c) the fragility of collaboration. The results of the present study have advanced our understanding of what collaboration within an individual sport team may look like. For a period of time, the leadership skills of the coaches, as well as their technical coaching expertise, and the willingness of the talented and driven athletes to work together, contributed significantly to a collaborative environment for this team. Then a change in the Olympic entry rules, the departure of an influential coach, and the inevitable change in the ages and experiences of the athletes themselves all combined to erode the foundation of that productive and collaborative environment.
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Sturm, Dennis. "Wireless Multi-Sensor Feedback Systems for SportsPerformance Monitoring : Design and Development." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Medicinska sensorer, signaler och system (MSSS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-101159.
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Wireless applications have become a common part of daily life. Whether it is mobile phones, the Wi-Fi router at home, the keycard which has replaced the car key, a radio frequency identification access system to a building or a Bluetooth headset for your computer or phone, the means of modern wireless data exchange is an omnipresent technology. In sports, the market is in its infancy for wireless, technical applications or gadgets. Only heart rate monitors and GPS watches are currently used by recreational athletes. Even though most of the larger sports equipment companies regularly launch new products related to sports performance monitoring and mobile phone technology, product innovation leaps are rare.In this work the design of a wireless sports performance measurement platform is presented. Using the example of kayaking, this platform is configured as a paddle performance measuring system, the Kayak XL System, which can monitor propulsive paddle force, paddle kinematics and boat velocity, interalia. A common mobile phone platform has been chosen as the user interface for this system. The design approach focussing on user requests, demands and expectations in combination with the process of iterative technical development are unveiled in this thesis. An evaluation of the system is presented and the work is finalised with an overview of further systems which have been designed based on the developed measurement platform. The Kayak XL System is a flexible system designed to be mounted onto any standard kayak paddle and installed in any competition kayak. Versatility, unobtrusiveness and usability were major design concerns. The developed system consists of four modules plus a software which has been designed for Android mobile phones. The phone communicates with each of the four modules trough Bluetooth radio. These four modules are also referred to as nodes and have specific measurement purposes. Two nodes have been designed to measure paddle force and kinematics, one node has the purpose to measure foot stretcher force and boat motion data, and the fourth node enables a more convenient method of calibrating paddle force measurement. The fourth node is therefore only needed prior to performance data acquisition. Results show that paddle and foot stretcher force can be measured with a resolution below 1N after calibration. Installing the paddle nodes on a previously configured paddle without repeated calibration is facilitated with the compromise of a doubled error margin. The default sampling frequency is set to 100 Hz and can, like all system parameters, be configured on the mobile phone. Real-time computation of complex performance parameters is only limited by the phone CPU. The system adds twice 109 g to the paddle and approximately 850 g to the kayak, excluding the mass of the mobile phone<br><p>QC 20120827</p>
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McAllister, Fiona E. "Proteomics and protein activity profiling : an investigation into the salivary proteome and kinase activities in various systems using mass spectrometry." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4780.
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Protein identification and quantitation using mass spectrometry has evolved as the dominant technique for studying the protein complement of a system: cell, tissue or organism. The proteomics of body fluids is a very active research area as there is great potential for protein biomarker discovery; application of such technologies would revolutionise medical practice and treatment. Saliva, through its non intrusive nature of sampling, is an ideal body fluid for disease diagnosis, screening and monitoring. Gingivitis is a gum disease with symptoms including bleeding, swollen, and receding gums. After dental decay, gingivitis is estimated to be the most common disease worldwide, and around 40% of the population in the US are reported to have gingivitis. The end point goal of this project was to identify salivary biomarkers for gingivitis. This dissertation presents an investigation of: 1) the salivary proteome; 2) developments and applications of a mass spectrometry kinase assay; and 3) salivary biomarkers for gingivitis using proteomics and kinase activities. The soluble portion of the human salivary proteome (saliva supernatant) has been studied by several research groups but very few proteomic studies have been performed on the insoluble, cellular and bacterial portion of saliva. Presented here, is the first global proteomics study performed on the saliva residue and supernatant from the same test subject. A total of 834 and 1426 proteins were identified in the saliva supernatant and residue, respectively. A global analysis of protein complexes in saliva was also performed and is the first study, to date, of such an analysis. KAYAK (‘Kinase ActivitY Assay for Kinome analysis’) was further developed for its application on a number of cell types, tissue types, and a variety of organisms. Proof of concept work for in-gel kinase activity/kinase abundance correlation profiling using blue native gels was performed, and experiments using anion exchange chromatographic kinase activity/kinase abundance correlation profiling were performed to identify kinase-substrate pairs. KAYAK applications included the analysis of kinase activities in Saccharomyces cervisiae, Drosophila, mouse, and human saliva in which significant kinase activity was detected in the saliva supernatant, a novel finding. Finally, gingivitis was induced in patients, and the saliva samples were analysed using proteomics and kinase activity profiling. Although this work is ongoing, preliminary data indicate that there are increases in various inflammatory proteins, certain bacteria and also in the activity of particular kinases as a result of the induction of gingivitis. The overall study provided insights into the salivary proteome for both the human and bacterial complement, as well as discovering the presence of significant kinase activity in saliva. In the induced gingivitis study, almost half of all the proteins identified in the residue were from bacteria (1274 bacterial proteins, 198 species identified) and there may be more potential for biomarker discovery for certain diseases in the saliva residue than in the supernatant. A very large overlap was observed between the human proteins in the saliva supernatant and residue, indicating that many of the salivary proteins originate from lysed cells. The origin of the kinase activity in the saliva supernatant is not known but is also proposed to originate predominantly from lysed cells. A range of novel KAYAK applications have been investigated, demonstrating that KAYAK has a wide variety of future uses ranging from target compound evaluation in Pharmaceutical companies to patient testing in the clinic.
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Koslowsky, Álvaro Acco. "Força aplicada durante a remada na canoagem velocidade." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/104853.
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A remada em Canoagem Velocidade se caracteriza por ser um movimento bilateral, cíclico e simétrico, sendo que a propulsão é gerada, principalmente, pelos membros superiores. Não estão claros os aspectos relacionados à assimetria entre os hemicorpos da remada e, quanto a esta influência, o desempenho no deslocamento de caiaques de Canoagem Velocidade. O presente estudo teve como objetivos quantificar e comparar a quantidade de força aplicada à água, em atletas de diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento, bem como estabelecer a relação entre essas variáveis e o desempenho durante a execução de um teste máximo de 200 m em um caiaque individual de Canoagem Velocidade. Foram avaliados 90 atletas, com idade entre 10 a 40 anos, sendo que os mesmos foram subdivididos em três grupos, de acordo com seu nível de desenvolvimento: Iniciantes, Intermediários e Avançados. Foi encontrado que atletas de nível de desenvolvimento mais avançado eram os mais velhos, mais altos, mais pesados, mais experientes e mais rápidos que os atletas dos níveis menos avançados (p<0,001). Os atletas dos níveis de desenvolvimento mais avançado também produziram mais força que os seus pares de nível Intermediário e Iniciantes. Contudo, não foram encontradas diferenças significantes tanto para a diferença entre os lados, bem como quanto à dominância lateral foi levada em consideração. Além disso, não foi encontrada relação entre diferença na produção de força entre os lados direito e esquerdo e o desempenho em 200m. Por outro lado, a força máxima apresentou correlação negativa significante (r=-0,92, ES – quase perfeito) com desempenho em 200 m. Por fim, foi verificado que o equipamento utilizado apresentou reprodutibilidade aceitável para mensurar a força em atletas de Canoagem Velocidade. Foi concluído que tanto características morfofisiológicas e técnicas em atletas de Canoagem Velocidade apresentam desenvolvimento contínuo, de acordo com tempo e quantidade de prática na modalidade.<br>Sprint Kayak stroke can be characterized as a bilateral, cyclic and symmetrical movement, where the propulsion lies mainly on the upper body. It is not clear, however, whether the stroke asymmetry affects Sprint Kayak performance. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify and compare force production amongst three developing level as well as to establish the relationships between force production and difference in left/right force production in those three different developing levels and 200 m performance in Sprint Kayak athletes. 90 athletes with ages ranging from 10 to 40 years volunteered for this study. They were allocated into three different groups based on developing level: Beginner, Intermediate and Advanced. Athletes of more advanced levels were older, taller, heavier, more experienced and faster than their lower level counterparts (p<0,001). Athletes from more advanced level also produced higher force scores than the intermediate and beginner levels. However, the force difference as well as lateral dominance were not different. Moreover, it was not found relationship between the difference and performance over 200 m. On the other hand, maximal force presented significant correlation with 200 m performance (r=-0,92 ES – nearly perfect). Finally, it was verified that the equipment used to measure force was reprodutible. In conclusion, morfophysiological and technical characteristics of Sprint Kayak athletes present a continuous development, according to time and amount of practice.
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Nguyen, Manh-Hung. "Developpement d'une méthode de calcul de tenue à la mer avec effets portants par une méthode de singularité de Kelvin." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT2239.
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Nous avons complété le code de tenue à la mer dans le domaine fréquentiel POSEIDON, code de calcul utilisant la méthode des singularités basée sur la fonction de Green de diffraction-radiation avec vitesse d’avance, développée dans l’équipe hydrodynamique du Laboratoire d’Etudes Aérodynamiques de l’Université de Poitiers, par l’introduction des effets portants apparaissant dans les manoeuvres, les voiliers ou les dispositifs de contrôle des mouvements des bateaux. Une condition de Kutta-Joukowski pour la pression instationnaire linéarisée est appliquée pour assurer la continuité au bord de fuite de partie portante et y supprimer toute singularité. On a donc ajouté à la distribution de sources sur la surface du corps, une distribution de doublets sur le squelette du corps et sur des bandes semi infinies du sillage, supposé plan, s’étendant vers l’infini aval. Son intensité sur le sillage est reliée à celle au bord de fuite par le théorème de Kelvin, mais on a du choisir une fonction arbitraire pour la loi de distribution de doublets sur le squelette pour éviter des difficultés numériques. La condition de Kutta-Joukowsky induit, dans les équations, des intégrations spatiales de la dérivée seconde de la fonction de Green, particulièrement difficiles, sur les facettes du squelette, et sur les bandes semi infinies du sillage. Nous les avons calculé en intervertissant les intégrations spatiales et de Fourier, les premières étant calculées analytiquement à partir d’un théorème de Stokes et les secondes numériquement par une méthode de Simpson adaptative. La validation des résultats a d’abord été effectué en aérodynamique où les résultats, tant numériques qu’expérimentaux sont nombreux, avec satisfaction tant pour des grandeurs globales que locales. Nous avons ensuite validé en hydrodynamique pour des profils sous la surface libre que pour des corps perçant celle-ci avec des résultats disponibles. La comparaison est satisfaisante et nous avons vérifié que la satisfaction de la condition de Kutta-Joukowsky était précise et de plus indispensable à l’obtention des résultats cohérents en cas de présenced’effets portants. Deux applications ont été présentées. Dans la première, l’étude des mouvements instationnaires d’un canoë/kayak sous l’action des efforts des pagaies, mesurés à l’aide d’un ergomètre, a été effectuée. La seconde concerne le contrôle du mouvement d’un bateau dans la houle à l’aide d’appendices portants en mouvement forcé de tangage de même fréquence que la houle. On a montré qu’il était possible de diminuer ces mouvements par une combinaison bien choisie de l’amplitude et de la phase du mouvement
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Azaiez, Faïrouz. "Etude comparative des pratiquants et des spectateurs de trois pratiques ludomotrices différenciées : rugby, handball et canoë-kayak en Ile-de-France." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H089.
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Cette étude révèle une approche comparative des pratiquants et des spectateurs du rugby, du handball et du canoë-kayak en Ile-de-France. Un des objectifs scientifiques de cette recherche est d'établir un rapport de causalité entre les approximations sémantiques ethno motrices de ces trois pratiques locomotrices et leurs univers socio-économiques, historiques et même politiques mises en place par un système de clôture des lieux, des liens, des liants et des temps. Nous abordons ainsi, ces trois jeux sportifs sous quatre angles de relation sociale et des conduites motrices : logique d'implantation et d'évolution de ces pratiques dans la région parisienne, logique interne et universaux du rugby, du handball et du canoë-kayak. Logique de consommation (spectacle direct, sur le terrain et indirect, à la télévision), logique Ludo sociale des adeptes (pratiquants et spectateurs) de ces trois jeux sportifs.
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Martínez, Corominas Daniel. "Actividad Física en Espacios Marinos de Alta Incertidumbre (AFEMAI). Práctica ocasional y experiencia competencial: un ejemplo en el kayak de mar." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672017.
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Esta tesis doctoral presenta la práctica de actividad física en espacios marinos de alta incertidumbre (AFEMAI) como medio de relación del ser humano con la naturaleza y, a la vez, consigo mismo. Está estructurada en tres fases. Fase 1: conocimiento de los practicantes expertos de AFEMAI; Fase 2: conocimiento de los practicantes ocasionales de kayak de mar; y Fase 3: reconocimiento de similitudes y disimilitudes entre practicantes expertos y ocasionales. La Fase 1 nos ha servido para conocer a fondo a cuatro practicantes expertos de AFEMAI. Nuestro primer objetivo ha sido establecer una estructura común a todos ellos vertebrando la información recopilada en forma de dimensiones competenciales, que finalmente han sido: trayectoria vital, experimentación, relación con el entorno natural, formación y aprendizaje, desarrollo de valores, y búsqueda de motivaciones. El segundo, establecer si existe correspondencia en lo que se refiere a las percepciones derivadas de sus historias de vida y la relación que han tenido y tienen con ese medio marino; la práctica de su actividad en sí misma; la relación con la fauna que en el medio marino habita; y su organización para complementar la actividad con las responsabilidades laborales. Lo hemos hecho utilizando entrevistas en profundidad, recopilando documentos escritos y audiovisuales y siguiéndolos en sus redes sociales. La Fase 2 nos ha permitido conocer a practicantes ocasionales de kayak de mar, actividad que consideramos ejemplo de AFEMAI. Nuestro objetivo ha sido indagar sobre la posibilidad de que exista en ellos un determinado perfil sociodemográfico; y también, utilizando como base el conocimiento de los expertos y las dimensiones competenciales que los configuran, saber cómo son y qué percepción tienen de sus propias competencias personales en la práctica de AFEMAI. Lo hemos hecho mediante un cuestionario, ofrecido a una muestra de 600 practicantes en Llançà, en el entorno del Cap de Creus (Girona). En la Fase 3, hemos seleccionado la información aportada por los dos practicantes expertos de kayak de mar en la Fase 1 y por los practicantes ocasionales en la Fase 2 con el objetivo de establecer similitudes y disimilitudes entre unos y otros en lo que se refiere a aspectos como disponibilidades, valores y experiencias de formación o vitales. Para hacerlo, hemos utilizado como propiedades y atributos de comparación las dimensiones competenciales que han vertebrado la investigación a partir del conocimiento de los practicantes expertos.
Los resultados indican la existencia de dimensiones competenciales comunes a los expertos en AFEMAI, aunque con grados de desarrollo diferentes. En los practicantes ocasionales de kayak de mar no existe apenas distinción en el sexo o la edad; la mayoría son nacionales; más de la mitad con formación universitaria; casi la mitad trabajan como asalariados; y viven en ciudades o pueblos que no se acercan a un perfil rural. Expertos y ocasionales comparten deseos y necesidades inherentes al ser humano pero la relación con la incertidumbre en la práctica de AFEMAI es muy diferente en unos y otros: para los practicantes ocasionales es una barrera provocada por la habitual falta de oportunidades de experimentación y para los practicantes expertos ejerce de atracción y hace que su vida gire en torno a gozar del medio marino salvaje.
Podemos concluir que la práctica de AFEMAI favorece el crecimiento personal, recuperando cuestiones necesarias e inherentes al ser humano como son la exploración y el descubrimiento de las propias capacidades a través del aprendizaje competencial. Y también mejora la conciencia ecológica de las personas, devolviendo el equilibrio adecuado a la relación entre el ser humano y la naturaleza más salvaje.<br>This doctoral thesis addresses the practice of physical activity in high-uncertainty marine environments (AFEMAI - actividad física en espacios marinos de alta incertidumbre) as a way for people to connect with nature and, at the same time, with themselves. It is organised into three phases. In Phase 1, we examined four expert AFEMAI practitioners in depth. We did this by using in-depth interviews, compiling written and audio-visual documents, and following them on their social networks. Phase 2 allowed us to study casual practitioners of sea kayaking, an activity that we consider an example of AFEMAI. We did this by means of a questionnaire, given to a sample of 600 practitioners in Llançà (Girona, Spain). In Phase 3, we selected the information provided by the two expert sea kayakers in Phase 1 and by the casual practitioners in Phase 2 with the aim of establishing similarities and differences between them in terms of factors such as resources, values and educational or life experiences. The results indicate that there are competency areas which are common to the AFEMAI experts, although with varying degrees of development. For the casual sea kayakers there is hardly any distinction as regards sex or age; the majority are Spanish nationals; more than half are university educated; almost half work as employees; and they live in cities or towns which would not be described as rural. Expert and casual practitioners share inherent human desires and needs but their relationship with uncertainty in AFEMAI practice is very different: for casual practitioners it is a barrier which is a result of the habitual lack of opportunities for experimentation and for expert practitioners it is an attraction and leads to them having lives which revolve around enjoying the wild marine environment. We can conclude that the practice of AFEMAI promotes personal growth, rediscovering aspects which are crucial and inherent to humans such as exploration and the discovery of one's own capacities through competency-based learning. It also improves people's ecological awareness, restoring the appropriate balance to the relationship between human beings and the wilderness.
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Alacid, Cárceles Fernando. "Perfil antropométrico y cinemático del palista infantil." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10869.
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Las características antropométricas, del material de competición y la evolución de las variables cinemáticas (velocidad, frecuencia, longitud e índice de ciclo) sobre las distancias de 200 y 500 m, se valoraron en un total de 131 piragüistas de 13 y 14 años (hombres kayakistas, mujeres kayakistas y hombres canoistas, agrupados por edad). En la mayoría de las medidas antropométricas, los hombres kayakistas de 14 años fueron superiores al resto de categorías, no encontrándose diferencias entre los grupos de mujeres. La evolución de las variables cinemáticas fue similar en las diferentes categorías y distancias, con una tendencia decreciente de la velocidad y del índice de ciclo a partir de los primeros 50 m, una estabilización de la longitud de ciclo a partir de esta distancia y una disminución progresiva de la frecuencia de ciclo desde el inicio de la prueba.<br>The anthropometric characteristics, set-up of competition equipment and evolution of the kinematic variables (speed, cycle frequency, cycle length and cycle index) over distances of 200- and 500-m were analysed in 131 paddlers (male kayakers, women kayakers and male canoeists; 13-14 years-old). In most of the anthropometric measurements, 14 year-old male kayakers were higher than other groups; no differences were found between female groups. The evolution of the kinematic variables was similar in the different categories and distances. The speed and cycle index decreased through the test after the first 50 m, while the cycle length was stable. The cycle frequency had a progressive decrease along the distance
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Garvin, Erin G. "Stability-reliabilty and the relationship of an incremental protocol in determining peak VO2 in college-aged men and women on the StairMaster 2650 UE kayak ergometer." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44479.
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<p>Measuring V02peak is an important health assessment used to indicate
cardiorespiratory fitness, prescribe exercise, and diagnose heart abnormalities (2,12).
Utilizing the muscles of the upper body, the new StairMaster kayak ergometer is ideal for
measuring V02peak on people with lower extremity disorders and those whose
occupational or recreational activities rely primarily on the muscles of the upper body
(16). Twenty-four healthy college-aged (17-31 years) males and females were screened,
gave informed consent, and received orientation to experimental procedures prior to
participation in the study. Subjects performed two maximal exercise bouts on the kayak
incremental protocol and one on the treadmill incremental protocol. Pearson's r
correlation estimated the stability-reliability coefficient of the kayak protocol to be 0.84.</p>
<p>
Pearson's r correlation estimated the relationship of the kayak protocol to the treadmill
protocol to be 0.69. Given performance on the kayak ergometer, the predictive equation
for treadmill performance was Y = 11.2605 + 1.02748X (r = 0.48). Body mass index and forearm circumference were found to be adequate predictors of kayak performance using
the equation 45.2 - 1.60 BMI + 1.03 Forearm (~ 0.49).</p>
<p>
Although the kayak incremental protocol demonstrates adequate test-retest
reliability for measuring V02peak, it has only a fair relationship to the gold standard of
uphill treadmill running. The kayak incremental protocol, therefore, is generally best
suited for those who, due to lower extremity complications, are unable to perform
traditional modes of testing, or for those whose occupational or recreational activity is
dominated by the upper body. </p><br>Master of Science
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Garvin, Erin G. "Stability-reliabilty and the relationship of an incremental protocol in determining peak V̳O₂ in college-aged men and women on the StairMaster 2650 UE kayak ergometer /." This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08292008-063201/.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1996.<br>Vita. Abstract. On t.p., a dot appears over V̳. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-73). Also available via the Internet.
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Bernadet, Pascal. "Contribution à une étude de la prise de décision en sport : approche par la psychologie différentielle et esquisse d'un modèle morphodynamique en activités physiques d'environnement." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21023.
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La présente réflexion a pour ambition d'explorer les arcanes de la prise de décision en milieu sportif. L'hypothèse de base postule que ce phénomène peut être analyśé comme un système dynamique non-linéaire qui structure le style de l'acteur. Articulé, dans le cadre des actvités physiques d'environnement, autour de la personnalité du sujet, de son histoire autobiographique et culturelle et d'une "pensée sauvage", le style décisionnel s'inscrit suivant une bimodalité de confrontation ou de coalescence avec les éléments physiques de l'environnement naturel. L'expertise du sujet et la complexité de la situation dans laquelle il se trouve, peuvent alors jouer le rôle de paramètres de contrôle dans l'émergence d'une dynamique décisionnelle considérée sous l'angle des modèles de la Théorie des Catastrophes. En se basant sur la théorie mathématique des singularités l'analyse envisage de modéliser le fonctionnement décisionnel du sujet en faisant varier ces paramètres de contrôle. La vérification des différentes hypothèses utilise les procédures diverses de la psychologie (tests paramétriques et projectifs, entretiens) ainsi qu'une perspective qualifiée de morphodynamique. Cette orientation consiste à partir d'une observation, en situation réelle, des formes des conduites motrices dans deux pratiques sportives, le surfboard et le kayak, mises en relation avec une analyse clinique, d'inférer le fonctionnement du substrat psychologique succeptible de les engendrer. Les résultats montrent la validité du concept de style décisionnel et des éléments qui le charpentent, ainsi que sur le plan paradigmatique, celui du modèle de type fronce. Enfin, l'étude montre la fertilité d'un rapprochement d'une approche différentielle en psychologie, d'une théorie mathématique des singularités et d'une perspective phénoménologique du vécu décisionnel, dans le cadre d'une analyse compréhensive d'un sujet sportif en situation<br>The present reflexion has for ambition to investigate the mysteries of the decision-taking in sports environment. The basic hypothesis postulates that this phenomenon can be analyzed as a no-linear dynamic system which structures the actor's style. Articulated, within the framework of the Physical Activities of Environment, around the personality of subject, its autobiographical and cultural history and the "wild thought", the decision-making style is in line with a bimodality of confrontation or coalescence with the physical elements of natural environment. The expertise of the subject and the complexity of the situation in which the subject is, can play the role of parameters of control in the emergence of a decision-making dynamics considered under the angle of models of the Catastrophe theory. The analysis which is based on the mathematical theory of singularity tries to model the decision-making functioning of the subject by varying these parameters of control. The various hypothesis checking uses different processes of psychology (parametrical tests and projective tests, interviews) as well as a perspective qualified of morphodynamic. This orientation consists from an observation in real situation, of the motor behavior in two sports practices, the surfboard and the kayak, made contact with the clinical analysis, to deduce the functioning of the psychological substratum able to engender them. The results show the validity of the concept of decision-making style and the elements which constructs it, as well as, on the paradigmatical plan, that of the model of cups type. Finally, the study shows the fertility of a connaction of a differential approach in psychology, a mathematical theory of the singularity and the phenomenological perspective of the decision-making lived, within the framework of a comprehensive analyse of a sports subject in situation
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Burden, Nicholas Anthony. "Rate of perceived exertion and profile of Mood State (POMS) in elite kayakers." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25632.
Full textAbstract:
Sprint kayaking is prominent in Europe with training methods devised and adopted from Eastern bloc training systems. There is a lack of published research on sprint kayaking locally and internationally. Consequently, the aims of this research directly address establishing a relationship between kayak specific training and the Profile of Mood States (POMS); monitoring training duration and intensity and establish a link with the POMS and Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE); to monitor the general wellness of the kayakers. Seven elite sprint kayakers (two male, five female) with the following characteristics: age 26.5 (1.4) years, training experience 8.4 (3.7) years were part of the South African national sprint kayaking squad selected to participate in this study, based on their preparation for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games (one male athlete did not qualify but continued to train). The females trained for the 500m K1, K2 and K4 events and the male for the 1000m K1. Three training camps (TC1, TC2, TC3) were held from 12 November to 09 December 2007, 25 February to 22 March 2008 and 14 July to 04 August 2008. RPE (Borg Scale) was recorded for each session. The 65-item POMS was completed twice a week, after half a days rest (Wednesday) and after a day and half rest (Sunday). Daily training load was calculated from RPE and session time; and an energy index calculated from the POMS vigour and fatigue scores. The Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey recorded illness and injury. Descriptive and Inferential Statistics, Friedman’s rank test for k correlated samples, The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, Spearman rank-order correlations were used to analyse the data. Statistical significance was calculated at 5% (p=0.05) and 10% (p=0.1). The results showed higher vigour scores associated with lower RPE and low training load; and high RPE associated with higher anger, confusion, depression, fatigue and total mood disturbance scores. There was a relationship between increasing POMS scores and duration of the training camps. The POMS findings could not completely explain the relationship found between RPE and duration of the training camps. The energy index was higher pre-camp and the extended rest periods during the camps. The findings for the POMS and RPE suggested that a state of overreaching might have occurred during the camps. Monitoring of the kayakers for an extended period after the training camps would have been useful to determine whether any of these individuals became over-trained. In accordance with Kentta et al (2006), regular use of the POMS may help detect under recovery, preventing staleness and unwanted rest for extended periods. Future studies will enable a retrospective view on these results.<br>Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.<br>Biokinetics, Sport and Leisure Sciences<br>unrestricted
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BUGLIONE, ANTONIO. "Il costo energetico di varie forme di locomozione umana : implicazioni teoriche e pratiche." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1269.
Full textAbstract:
Lo scopo principale della tesi di dottorato è stato quello di studiare il costo energetico di varie forme di locomozione umana in diverse condizioni sperimentali. Nella fattispecie, le forme di locomozione e le condizioni sperimentali studiate, sono state:
I. la corsa in linea ed a navetta, con metodica continua ed intermittente;
II. la corsa a navetta intermittente con cambi di senso normali o rapidi, e gli effetti di 5 settimane di allenamento, sul costo energetico della corsa in linea ed a navetta intermittente;
III. la corsa in linea ed a navetta intermittente in calciatori professionisti prima e dopo un periodo di allenamento;
IV. lo yo-yo endurance test ed il costo energetico della corsa in linea in calciatori professionisti (serie C1) prima dopo sei mesi di allenamento e gare;
V. la corsa in linea ed a navetta : differenza tra calciatori professionisti e maratoneti amatori di buon livello;
VI. il cammino in piano ed in salita, di soggetti, maschi e femmine, fisicamente attivi e gli effetti dell’allenamento sul costo energetico del cammino in piano ed in salita;
VII. la pagayata di kayakers e canoisti (canoa canadese) appartenenti alla nazionale juniores di canoa kayak .
Risultati principali:
1. il costo energetico della corsa a navetta intermittente può essere interpolata in modo univoco da una funzione che tenga conto dell’energia cinetica, che nella corsa continua, ovviamente , è nulla, mentre nella corsa intermittente a navetta varia in funzione della distanza e velocità (R2 0,970);
2. dopo 5 settimane di allenamento di corsa a navetta intermittente è migliorato il costo energetico sia della corsa a navetta su 18,5m e su 8,5m (6,10% P< 0,002 e 14,15% P<0,05), che della corsa in linea sul nastro trasportatore (7,06% P< 0,003);
3. nei calciatori dopo un periodo di allenamento di 2 o 6 mesi il costo energetico della corsa in linea, a 13,5 km/h sul nastro, peggiora in maniera significativa in tutti in tutte le squadre valutate (serie A, primavera, C1)(6,23% P< 0,01e 13,81% P< 0,0001);
4. il V’O2max misurato nello yo-yo endurance non è correlato con la distanza percorsa e con quello stimato (R2 0,264 e R2 0,263), e la percentuale di miglioramento del V’O2max misurato non è correlata con quella della distanza percorsa (R2 0,010);
5. il costo energetico della corsa a navetta è maggiore nei maratoneti rispetto ai calciatori presumibilmente perché il gesto non è specifico della disciplina praticata e quindi più dispendioso (8,8% P< 0,01).
6. il costo energetico del cammino in piano ed in salita è maggiore nei maschi rispetto alle femmine (in piano 4, 5, 6 km/h 0% + 16, 9.6 e 7.4% in salita a 5 km/h a pendenza del 5, 10, 15% + 14.3, 16.2, 13.9%) .
7. in kayakers e canoisti (canoa canadese) di alto livello abbiamo correlato la prestazione migliore realizzata in gara con quella calcolata teoricamente. Quest’ultima è stata ottenuta dalla relazione individuale tra Ėr = f (t) ed Ėmax = f (t), dove Ėr è la potenza metabolica richiesta per coprire la distanza in questione ed Ėmax è la massima potenza metabolica. Il tempo t per cui Ėr = Ėmax è stato assunto come il tempo teorico migliore sulla distanza considerata. Tempi e velocità teoriche individuali sono stati essenzialmente uguali a quelle misurate nelle recenti competizioni (R2 0,917).<br>The main purpose of this thesis was to study the energy cost of various forms of human locomotion, in several experimental conditions specifically forms of locomotion, and experimental conditions, were:
I. continuous and intermittent linear and shuttle running;
II. intermittent shuttle running with normal or fast changes of direction, and the effects of 5 weeks of training, on the energy cost of the linear or shuttle intermittent running;
III. linear and shuttle intermittent running of professional soccer players before and after a training period;
IV. yo-yo endurance test and the energy cost of running on line of professional soccer players (Category: Serie A, Primavera, C1) before and after six months of training competition;
V. linear and shuttle running: the difference between professional soccer players and amateur marathoners of good level;
VI. walking on flat terrain and uphill of male and female physically active subjects, and the effects of training on the energy cost of horizontal surface or uphill walking;
VII. Paddling of the kayakers and canoeists (Canadian canoe) belonging to National Junior Canoeing Kayak.
Main results:
1. the energy cost of intermittent shuttle running can be univocally interpolated uniquely by a function taking into account the kinetic energy that, in the continue run, of course, is zero, but in the intermittent shuttle run varies depending on distance and speed (R2 0,970);
2. after 5 weeks of intermittent shuttle running training, the corresponding energy cost over 18.5 m or 8.5 m increased by 6,10% P< 0,002 and 14,15% P<0,05, and that of linear running on the treadmill by 7,06% P< 0,003;
3. in soccer players, after a training period of 2 or 6 months, the energy cost of linear running at 13.5 km/h on the treadmill increased (i.e. became worse) significantly in all teams (Series A , spring, C1 ; by 6,23% (P< 0,01) and 13,81% ( P< 0,0001);
4. V'O2maxmeasured in the yo-yo endurance test is not correlated with the distance covered nor with estimated V'O2max value (R2 0,264 e R2 0,263); nor is the percentage improvement V’O2max correlated with the corresponding distance increase (R2 0,010);
5. the energy cost of shuttle running is higher in marathoners than in to soccer players probably because in the former case shuttle running is not specific to the practiced discipline and therefore more expensive (8,8% P< 0,01);
6. the energy cost of walking on the level or uphill treadmill is greater in males than in females (on flat terrain at 4, 5, 6 km/h by 16, 9.6and 7.4%; at 5 km/h on a 5, 10, 15 %incline by 14.3, 16.2 and 13.9 % respectively);
7. in high level kayakers and canoeists individual best performances achieved in practice were correlated with those theoretically calculated. In turn, these were obtained from the individual relationships Ėr=f(t) and Ėmax=f(t), where Ėr is the metabolic power required to cover the distance in question and Ėmax the maximal metabolic power. The time yielding Ėr=Ėmax was assumed to yield the best performance time. Individual theoretical best times and speeds were essentially equal to those measured during actual competitions(R2 0,917).
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Marin, Léonie. "Les revendications médiatisées kanak." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083534.
Full textAbstract:
Cette recherche a pour objet d’étude les revendications médiatisées kanak de Nouvelle-Calédonie, une collectivité d’outre-mer française en processus d’autodétermination. Dans son contexte contemporain, nous définissons la notion de revendication en analysant ses processus, qui permettent notamment l’autodéfinition et l’autoreprésentation. Ces nouvelles perspectives ont engendré une dynamique de confrontations idéologiques politiques, sociales, économiques et culturelles qui contribuent au changement social. Depuis la fin des années 1960, avec l’apparition des médias des partis politiques, la médiatisation des formes de communication des Kanak s’est transformée, en raison d’une démultiplication des revendications et des processus d’identification. Dans cette perspective, une enquête de terrain, en France et en Océanie, nous a permis de croiser une approche ethnographique in situ avec une analyse discursive des interactions médiatisées sur Internet relevant des SIC. La complémentarité de ces approches entend contribuer à l’approfondissement d’une anthropologique du numérique. À l’intérieur de la sphère d’Internet, l’appropriation des dispositifs médiatiques numériques ainsi que l’autopublication des interactions médiatisées renouvellent les pratiques communicationnelles individuelles, et engendrent des débats. Certes, ces débats peuvent donner lieu à des conflits, mais aussi devenir une modalité propice à l’échange interculturel. De plus, les tactiques de communication contemporaines permettent un renouvellement des manières de participer individuelles et collectives, en créant de nouvelles formes d’engagement politique et social<br>This research aims to study the mediated claims of Kanak people from New Caledonia, an overseas collectivity of French in a process of self-determination. In its contemporary context, we define the notion of claim by analyzing its processes, which enable self-definition and self-representation. These new perspectives have created a dynamic of ideological political, social, economic and cultural confrontations, which contribute to social change. Since the late 1960s, with the advent of political parties' media, the mediatization of the forms of communication of Kanak people has evolved, due to a proliferation of claims and identification processes. In this perspective, a field survey in France and Oceania has allowed us to intersect an in situ ethnographic approach with a discursive analysis of mediated interactions on the Internet, covered by Communication Science. The complementarity of these approaches intends to contribute to the deepening of a digital anthropology. Within the Internet sphere, the appropriation of digital media devices, as well as the self-publishing of mediated interactions renew the individual communicational practices and generate debates. While these debates may give rise to conflicts, they may also become a favorable modality for intercultural exchange. In addition, contemporary communication tactics allow a renewal of the ways to participate individually and collectively, by creating new forms of social and political engagement
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Hoşcan, Yeşim Altınbaş Ahmet. "Romatizmal mitral kapak hastalığında mekanik kapak replasmanı sonrası sol atriyal apendisk fonksiyonlarının araştırılması /." Isparta : SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi, 2003. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TT00100.pdf.
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Edo, Junko. "Narratives of 'Kanak identity' in New Caledonia - its concepts and history of Kanak identity struggle." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/10789.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis aims to explore and represent 'Kanak identity' multi-dimensionally through the discourses of local people, composed of three kinds of narrative, narrative of community, culture and nation. Narrative of community reveals that identity concepts at the level of traditional community are relationally and collectively oriented with the clan as its base and that its boundary is porous. Secondly, narrative of culture discloses that their identity concepts at the ethnic level are synonymous with culture based on custom and that its boundary is strategically demarcated. In these narratives of community and culture, the concepts of Kanak identity prove to be constructed dually in community and culture: while the former is the base of their identity, the latter unites fragmented Kanak society. Thirdly, narrative of nation proves that the Kanak identity claim is the key concept of their struggle for decolonization of New Caledonia to recover their rights. French colonization dehumanized the Kanak and deprived them of their rights and dignity so that they had to politically and culturally assert Kanak identity vis-a-vis France and others. While struggling for the recovery of their rights, which are conceived within the modern norm of the nation-state, they tried to restore their identity as a symbol representing the autochthonous people as a whole or as a symbol of a nation. The history of Kanak struggle for identity demonstrates how Kanak identity has been shaped and is being reshaped through the discourses of the people, which prove to be the narrative of 'emergence' and not of 'entropy', if I borrow Clifford's terminology (1988: 14, 16).
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Rock, David. "The location shall be called Kaya Mandi : a history of Kaya Mandi." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17830.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Throughout South Africa there has been a greater emphasis on township
history in recent years. However little has been written about the townships of
the Western Cape. This research about the history of Kaya Mandi is
subsequently one of the first of its kind and provides unique insights into a
world that has not garnered much attention. Due to the fact that there has
been little research done on the subject, a considerable amount of information
was gathered through archival research. Additionally, oral testimonies of
individuals who, in some cases, have lived their entire lives in Kaya Mandi
have been invaluable. Books, theses and articles were primarily used as
guidelines to provide additional context and understanding within the greater
picture of South African history. The only exception was the use of the
master.s thesis, Bantoegesinne in Kaya Mandi, done by Cornelia Drotske in
1956 which provided information from that period. As a result of this research
the history of Kaya Mandi may be regarded as much more complex then had
previously been assumed. Kaya Mandi has not just been a passive location in
the Western Cape subject to the whims of those in power. Instead, they
struggled to maintain their culture and often their very existence. At times this
meant a battle between the people and the local government and other times
it meant a battle from within, between the different segments of Kaya Mandi
itself. Researching the history of Kaya Mandi provided an understanding of
how it came to be what it is today. It also gave a deeper comprehension of the
current issues and situations facing the people. This is especially important for
making informed decisions regarding necessary development and expansion.
Overall Kaya Mandi is a microcosm of township life in the Western Cape and
the current research has highlighted the complexity of these communities and
the necessity for further research.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Oor die afgelope paar jaar is daar regoor Suid-Afrika groter klem op die
geskiedenis van townships. Daar is egter min geskryf oor die townships van
die Wes-Kaap. Hierdie tesis oor die geskiedenis van Kaya Mandi is gevolglik
een van die eerstes van sy soort en bied 'n unieke insig in 'n wêreld wat nie
voorheen veel aandag gekry het nie. As gevolg van die min navorsing oor die
onderwerp, is 'n groot deel van die inligting ingesamel deur argivale
navorsing. Daarbenewens was die mondelinge getuienisse van individue wat,
in sommige gevalle, feitlik vanaf die begin van Kaya Mandi daar geleef het
van onskatbare waarde. Boeke, tesisse, en artikels is hoofsaaklik gebruik as
riglyne om bykomende konteks en begrip binne die groter prentjie van die
Suid-Afrikaanse geskiedenis te verskaf. Die enigste uitsondering is die
gebruik van die M-tesis van 1956, Bantoegesinne in Kaya Mandi deur
Cornelia Drotské, wat 'n groot hoeveelheid inligting uit daardie tydperk verskaf
het. Uit die navorsing het dit geblyk dat die geskiedenis van Kaya Mandi baie
meer kompleks is as wat voorheen veronderstel is. Kaya Mandi was nie net
'n passiewe lokasie in die Wes-Kaap, onderdanig aan die grille van diegene in
beheer nie. In teendeel, hulle het gesukkel om hulle manier van lewe, hul
kultuur en, in sommige gevalle, hul voortbestaan in stand te hou. Soms was
dit 'n stryd tussen die inwoners en die plaaslike regering en ander kere was dit
' n stryd tussen die verskillende segmente van binne Kaya Mandi. Hierdie
ondersoek oor die geskiedenis van Kaya Mandi bied meer insig oor hoe dit
ontwikkel tot wat dit vandag is. Dit gee ook 'n dieper begrip van die huidige
probleme en situasies wat die mense in die gesig staar. Dit is veral belangrik
om ingeligte besluite te neem met betrekking tot noodsaaklike ontwikkeling en
uitbreiding. Grootliks is Kaya Mandi in baie opsigte 'n mikrokosmos van die
township-lewe in die Wes-Kaap. Die huidige ondersoek belig die kompleksiteit
van hierdie gemeenskappe en die noodsaaklikheid van verdere navorsing.
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Guillemard, Nicolas. "L'identité kanak, du clan à la nation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ51143.pdf.
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Gauthier, Jacques. "Education et développement : les écoles populaires Kanak." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA08A004.
Full textAbstract:
Nees en 1985, les ecoles populaires kanak (epk) furent un analyseur des contradictions du mouvement independantiste en nouvelle-caledonie. Elles donnerent un statut nouveau a la paysannerie, aux femmes et aux enfants, ce qui genera de nombreuses resistances. Les eleves sont les moteurs d'un developpement qui part du milieu pour dynamiser le milieu. La pedagogie mise en oeuvre est proche de la pedagogie des opprimes. Pour comprendre les enjeux conscients et inconscients des epk, l'auteur analyse le processus de naissance des concepts en situation interculturelle d'entretien, invente une methode d'analyse du discours inspiree de la theorie des catastrophes, et analyse sa propre implication institutionnelle, y compris par l'ecriture poetique<br>Born in 1985, the kanak popular schools were an "analyser" of the contradictions of the independentist movement in newcaledonia. They offered a new status to country people, to women and to children, which engendered much resistance. Pupils constitute the moving force of a development which is generated in their environment to give energy to this environment. The pedagogy used has something to do with the pedagogy of the the oppressed. In order to undestand what is, consciously or unconsciously, at stake in the kanak popular schools, the autor placing himself in a position of intercultural interview, analyses the process of genesis of the concepts, invents a method of speech analysis about official reports of the kanak popular schools inspired by the theory of catastrophes, and analyses his own institutional implication, including through poetic writing
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CAUSSIN, PLENUS DELPHINE. "La nouvelle-caledonie a l'epreuve de la contestation kanak." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE0050.
Full textAbstract:
Depuis la prise de possession de l'ile au nom de la france en 1853 jusqu'a la fin des annees 1980, la vie politique, institutionnelle et sociale de la nouvelle-caledonie a ete marquee par le reveil ethnique des melanesiens marginalises par une societe a deux vitesses. La marche vers la revolte du " peuple kanak " a contribue a fissurer le carcan de l'indivisibilite de la republique francaise. La france, enlisee dans le dossier caledonien, a ete confrontee, d'une part, aux revendications identitaires des kanak independantistes, d'autre part, au desir des autres communautes vivant sur le territoire de demeurer au sein de la " mere patrie ". Le " confetti " caledonien, aux prises avec la guerre civile dans les annees 1980, a souleve le probleme du devenir du dogme de l'unite territoriale de la republique francaise et, par-dela meme, celui de la pertinence de la politique de la metropole menee a l'egard de ses possessions ultra-marines. Toutefois, le 26 juin 1988 etaient signes par l'etat, le rassemblement pour la caledonie dans la republique ( le rpcr, le parti favorable au maintien de la nouvelle-caledonie dans le giron de la republique francaise ), le front de liberation nationale kanak socialiste ( le flnks, organisation independantiste ), les accords de matignon-oudinot retablissant ainsi la paix sur le territoire grace a un dispositif politique et institutionnel mettant en place sur le " caillou " une societe plus egalitaire. La voie consensuelle ainsi amorcee, la question de l'avenir statutaire de la nouvelle-caledonie etait renvoyee en 1998 par l'intermediaire d'un scrutin d'autodetermination. Le 21 avril 1998, cependant une " solution consensuelle " est venue se substituer a ce " referendum-couperet ". Au terme d'une evolution statutaire chaotique, la nouvelle-caledonie semble etre sur le chemin de son emancipation politique.
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Mouchenik, Yoram. "L'enfant vulnérable : psychothérapie transculturelle en pays Kanak, Nouvelle Calédonie /." [Grenoble] : Éd. la Pensée sauvage, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb391488342.
Full textAbstract:
Texte remanié: Th. doct.--Ethnol.--Paris--EHESS, 2000. Titre de soutenance : L'enfant vunérable, paroles, récits et représentations familiales de l'enfant dans une relation psychothérapique sur les îles d'Ouvéa et de Maré dans l'archipel des Loyauté en Nouvelle Calédonie.<br>Bibliogr. p. 243-252. Notes bibliogr. Index.
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Plumer, Kevin E. (Kevin Edward). "Design of a hybrid energy-generation system for autonomous kayaks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59953.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2010.<br>"June 2010." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 32).<br>The goal of this research is to design and analyze a series-hybrid energy-production system for an autonomous kayak. Currently these vehicles have limited range due to energy storage in lead acid batteries. Extending the range would give the vehicles more operating time in their environments, and allow a greater set of tests and experiments to be conducted. The system uses a 4.5 kW diesel engine coupled to a 200 A marine alternator to charge a lithium ion battery bank. The analysis here took the operating parameters of the engine and matched them to the alternator to maximize the efficiency of the system. The overall second law efficiency of the system was determined as 0.165, from the lower heating value of the diesel to the electric power delivered to the trolling motor. Each of the various components was sized accordingly for this application. The vessel will require 52 L of diesel fuel for operations lasting 30 days. The battery pack will have a useful capacity of 808 Wh based on the charging conditions of the battery. The components were arranged within the kayak in order to maintain stability, which will require modifications to the existing layout of the kayak. The generator system will add approximately 77 kg to the mass of the kayak when there is a full load of fuel; however this is within the capacity of the existing kayak shell.<br>by Kevin E. Plumer.<br>S.B.
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Pantz, Pierre Christophe. "Géopolitique des territoires kanak : décolonisation et reconquête plurielle des territoires." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010685.
Full textAbstract:
Depuis près de 70 ans, le peuple kanak est passé du monde invisible au monde visible. Invisible car jusqu’en 1946, les Kanak, peuple autochtone de Nouvelle-Calédonie, étaient cantonnés dans des réserves à l’écart du regard occidental. Face à un peuple viscéralement attaché à sa terre d’origine, l’Administration coloniale avait fait le choix de s’imposer par la maîtrise de l’espace. En réponse à cette stratégie de soumission spatiale, la fin du statut de l’Indigénat en 1946 révèle l’ambition d’un peuple de recouvrer son identité territoriale. Pour y parvenir, les Kanaks vont devoir emprunter de nouveaux chemins. Ce travail de recherche propose d’analyser les différents types de recomposition des territoires kanak (électoraux, coutumiers, économiques et urbains) et de mettre en perspectives les interrelations qui animent ces transformations. Ces recompositions prises dans leur ensemble participent-elles à un phénomène plus global de reconquête de l’espace néocalédonien ? Si aujourd’hui, le rôle central et incontournable des territoires kanak au sein de la société néo-calédonienne post-coloniale a été consacré par les Accords de Matignon (1988) et de Nouméa (1998), cette thèse s’interroge plus généralement sur la dimension territoriale du processus de décolonisation<br>For almost 70 years, the Kanak people have moved from the world of the invisible to the world of the visible. Invisible, for until 1946, the Kanaks - aboriginal people of New Caledonia - were parked into reservations, kept away from the Western mind. Dealing with a people that were fundamentaly linked to their originary land, the colonial administration had made a choice of imposing itself through land management. In answer to this spatial soumission, the end of the « indigénat » status in 1946 revealed a people’s ambition to recover their territorial identity. In order to reach it, the Kanak people will have to take new paths. This research work proposes an analysis of the different types of reconfiguration concerning the Kanak territories (electoral, customary, economics and urban) and put in perspective the interrelationships that animate these transformations. Are these land reconfigurations, in the broadest sense of the term, participating to a more general phenomenon of reconquest of the New Caledonian space ? If today, the main role of the Kanak territories into the post-colonial Caledonian society has undoubtedly been established by the Matignon Accords (1988) and the Noumea Accords (1998), this thesis is more broadly giving thought to the territorial dimension inside the decolonisation process