Academic literature on the topic 'Kayamandi (Stellenbosch, South Africa) – History'

Local studies are sorely needed in South African historiography in order to illuminate relations between dominators and dominated as the colonial political economy was restructured in the wake of the mineral discoveries of the late nineteenth century. Stellenbosch farmers had to confront, for the first time since emancipation, the implications of the proletarianization of the underclass of the Western Cape. In the context of an expanding economy and diversified labour market, labourers left, or threatened to leave, farm employment. Farmers now recognized that the control and power which they had exercised over labourers was a matter of open conflict. This was a time of depression and uncertainty for farmers who faced competition in their overseas markets, the ruining of their vineyards by phylloxera and what they perceived as insubordination and disloyalty by farm labourers at home. The criminal records of the Resident Magistrate provide the lens through which the article examines the changing dynamics of labour relations on the farms of Stellenbosch district between 1870 and 1900. A comparative perspective helps to inform the analysis of the meaning of theft, arson and assault in rural Stellenbosch. For a time labourers were able to exploit a measure of leverage against the farmers, but this was not to last, and by the early 1900s the tide had again turned in favour of the dominant class.

In July 1796, Johannes Albertyn, a well-respected burgher of Stellenbosch, requested permission from Ryno van der Riet, landdrost of Stellenbosch, the chief administrative and legal officer of the district, to indenture four Khoikhoi children. He claimed that their mother, Catryn Paerl, had died recently and that before her demise, she had requested him in the presence of witnesses to raise her children and deny their biological father Jan Paerl any future role in their lives. Faced with the prospect of losing custody of his four children and having exhausted all possible avenues in seeking legal redress, including a visit to landdrost Van der Riet, the seemingly incomparable Jan Paerl hit the road and walked several kilometres from Stellenbosch to Cape Town. His destination: the Castle, in particular the office of the fiscal, otherwise known as the public prosecutor. In Cape Town, he urged the fiscal to intervene in the dispute and deny Albertyn the right to indenture his children. As their father, Paerl insisted that he, and not Albertyn, be granted sole custody of his offspring. By Paerl's demanding legal intervention at the highest level, the following encounter between Paerl, Albertyn and the Cape authorities exemplifies not only a classic struggle between master and servant, but highlights simultaneously the significance of ‘equality’ before the law in Cape society, at a time when burghers increasingly feared the possibility of gelykstelling at the end of the eighteenth century.

International Association of Bibliophiles (IAB), established in 1961 in Paris, brings together librarians, publishers, collectors of rare books, conservators, conservation specialists, bookbinders, businessmen, lawyers, and diplomats. The Library of the Russian Academy of Sciences (BAN) is the Member of the IAB since 1994. BAN became the organizer of the Colloquium in St. Petersburg. Meetings of bibliophiles are held annually in different countries. The article presents the activities of the Colloquium of bibliophiles in Cape town (South Africa) in 2002. There are described the exhibitions of books, manuscripts and documents from the collections of the Library of Center of Books in Cape town, the National Library of South Africa, Library of the University of Cape town, University of Stellenbosch, library of the English and South African Politician Cecil John Rhodes and private collections. Exhibition materials reflect the history of African book culture.

This article explores the much-debated question of the political impact or potential of theatre from a new angle. Accepting frankly the limitations of a medium which seldom reaches more than four per cent of the population, Temple Hauptfleisch looks instead at the contingent ways in which influence works – creating ‘images’ of authors, performers, venues, companies, and even of specific occasions which work upon audiences and non-audiences alike. The ideas explored in this article were first proposed in a paper read at a colloquium on ‘The Semiotics of Political Transition’, held at the Port Elizabeth Campus of Vista University in August, 1992: although most of the author's examples are thus from the theatre world of South Africa, the major thrust of his argument holds equally well for any contemporary westernized, media-dominated society. Temple Hauptfleisch is Associate Professor of Drama and Head of Theatre Research at the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. He is co-editor of the South African Theatre Journal and has published widely on the history and theory of South African theatre.

AbstractFrom 1908 to 1922, Oswin Boys Bull (1882–1971) had the primary responsibility for supervising the recruitment of African youth and students into the South African SCA and YMCA. Following the lead of overseas sojourners Luther Wishard and Donald Fraser in 1895 and John R. Mott and Ruth Rouse in 1906, Bull took his experience as a Jesus College, Cambridge classics and theology major and sportsperson into the challenging religious, racial and ethnic field of the Union of South Africa. Bringing a mix of strong spiritual roots and an unwavering commitment to the racially inclusive interpretation of Christianity, Bull blazed a trail that earned him the reputation of a pioneer ecumenist.Ably assisted by illustrious Xhosa-speaking intellectual and seasoned Christian proselytizer John Knox Bokwe, Bull made inroads into areas previously ignored by his predecessors. With a reach extending as far as neighboring historic Basutoland, Bull's efforts resulted in the establishment of branch associations in a variety of rural and urban locations. In spite of local opposition and tremendous geographical, linguistic, social and political barriers, Bull applied himself to the task of providing a firm foundation for Black and Mixed Race SCA and YMCA members to find places in previously lily-white bodies.Understanding both his limits as well as his capabilities, Bull's generosity allowed him to share the spotlight with other evangelists. His correspondence with YMCA leader John Mott demonstrates a humble willingness to see the task of ‘nonwhite’ inclusion in SCA and YMCA work to the end. By the time Max Yergan, the first permanent YMCA and SCA secretary arrived in South Africa early in 1922, Bull was able to delegate most of the duties that required a field secretary to him, satisfied that he could concentrate on the remainder of his managerial duties from the YMCA and SCA center, in Cape Town and Stellenbosch, respectively. Already fluent in Afrikaans, Bull's history of attempting to build bridges between competing and often hostile populations set the standard for the type of leadership that a complex, extremely ethnically and religiously particularistic society like South Africa would need to construct a broadly based national movement.Although O.B. Bull is known only to readers of Alan Paton's Hofmeyr, and those involved in the institutions with which he was associated, most notably, St Edmunds School, Jesus College, Cambridge, the Scriptural Union and the South African SCA and YMCA, it may now be possible for later generations to revisit the times in which he lived and worked to regain a sense of the odds against which he struggled and the resolve he showed in striving first to dream of and then fight for a more inclusive Southern African YMCA.While he was by no means perfect and was clearly himself a product of his place and time, his quests for something better within himself and his adopted country were noble.

The Dutch Reformed Moederkerk of Stellenbosch has a long history, being the second oldest congregation of the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa. The history of the church has been well documented, including the architecture and building of the church buildings over its 332 years of existence. However, although bells have from the beginning played an important part in the church’s history, very little has been written on the bells. This paper reports on research carried out into that important aspect of the church’s life, in that way adding to Moederkerk’s recorded history.

This publication, which consists of an Introduction and eight chapters by different authors, appeared at the time of the 40th anniversary of the entry of South Africa into the Angolan war. It is short but packed with useful information and well-documented with photos, geographical and combat maps, an extensive bibliography of 35 pages, political cartoons and posters,historical surveys and statistics. Edited by the South African Ian Liebenberg (Director of the Centre for Military Studies at the Military Academy in Stellenbosch), the Cuban Jorge Risquet (who participated in the 1988 Angolan peace talks), and the Russian Vladimir Shubin (former Deputy Director of the Institute for African Studies at the Russian Academy of Science), A Far-Away War sheds new light on this prolonged conflict, focusing on the involvement of South-Africa, Cuba, Russia and East-Germany.In doing so, it opens new perspectives and widens the understanding of the struggle for liberation in Southern Africa, not only for the average history and politics reader but also, as a very useful reference book, for the more advanced researcher and academic.

With South Africa's tumultuous history and resulting burden of disease and disability persisting post-democracy in 1994, a proposed decentralization of heath care with an urgent focus on disease prevention strategies ensued in 2010. Subsequently a nationwide call by students to adapt teaching and learning to an African context spoke to the need for responsive health professions training. Institutions of higher education are therefore encouraged to commit to person-centered comprehensive primary health care (PHC) education which equates to distributed training along the continuum of care. To cope with the complexity of patient care and health care systems, interprofessional education and collaborative practice has been recommended in undergraduate clinical training. Stellenbosch University, South Africa, introduced interprofessional home visits as part of the students' contextual PHC exposure in a rural community in 2012. This interprofessional approach to patient assessment and management in an under-resourced setting challenges students to collaboratively find local solutions to the complex problems identified. This paper reports on an explorative pilot study investigating students' and graduates' perceived value of their interprofessional home visit exposure in preparing them for working in South Africa. Qualitative semi-structured individual and focus group interviews with students and graduates from five different health sciences programmes were conducted. Primary and secondary data sources were analyzed using an inductive approach. Thematic analysis was conducted independently by two researchers and revealed insights into effective patient management requiring an interprofessional team approach. Understanding social determinants of health, other professions' roles, as well as scope and limitations of practice in a resource constrained environment can act as a precursor for collaborative patient care. The continuity of an interprofessional approach to patient care after graduation was perceived to be largely dependent on relationships and professional hierarchy in the workplace. Issues of hierarchy, which are often systemic, affect a sense of professional value, efficacy in patient management and job satisfaction. Limitations to using secondary data for analysis are discussed, noting the need for a larger more comprehensive study. Recommendations for rural training pathways include interprofessional teamwork and health care worker advocacy to facilitate collaborative care in practice.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Throughout South Africa there has been a greater emphasis on township history in recent years. However little has been written about the townships of the Western Cape. This research about the history of Kaya Mandi is subsequently one of the first of its kind and provides unique insights into a world that has not garnered much attention. Due to the fact that there has been little research done on the subject, a considerable amount of information was gathered through archival research. Additionally, oral testimonies of individuals who, in some cases, have lived their entire lives in Kaya Mandi have been invaluable. Books, theses and articles were primarily used as guidelines to provide additional context and understanding within the greater picture of South African history. The only exception was the use of the master.s thesis, Bantoegesinne in Kaya Mandi, done by Cornelia Drotske in 1956 which provided information from that period. As a result of this research the history of Kaya Mandi may be regarded as much more complex then had previously been assumed. Kaya Mandi has not just been a passive location in the Western Cape subject to the whims of those in power. Instead, they struggled to maintain their culture and often their very existence. At times this meant a battle between the people and the local government and other times it meant a battle from within, between the different segments of Kaya Mandi itself. Researching the history of Kaya Mandi provided an understanding of how it came to be what it is today. It also gave a deeper comprehension of the current issues and situations facing the people. This is especially important for making informed decisions regarding necessary development and expansion. Overall Kaya Mandi is a microcosm of township life in the Western Cape and the current research has highlighted the complexity of these communities and the necessity for further research.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Oor die afgelope paar jaar is daar regoor Suid-Afrika groter klem op die geskiedenis van townships. Daar is egter min geskryf oor die townships van die Wes-Kaap. Hierdie tesis oor die geskiedenis van Kaya Mandi is gevolglik een van die eerstes van sy soort en bied 'n unieke insig in 'n wêreld wat nie voorheen veel aandag gekry het nie. As gevolg van die min navorsing oor die onderwerp, is 'n groot deel van die inligting ingesamel deur argivale navorsing. Daarbenewens was die mondelinge getuienisse van individue wat, in sommige gevalle, feitlik vanaf die begin van Kaya Mandi daar geleef het van onskatbare waarde. Boeke, tesisse, en artikels is hoofsaaklik gebruik as riglyne om bykomende konteks en begrip binne die groter prentjie van die Suid-Afrikaanse geskiedenis te verskaf. Die enigste uitsondering is die gebruik van die M-tesis van 1956, Bantoegesinne in Kaya Mandi deur Cornelia Drotské, wat 'n groot hoeveelheid inligting uit daardie tydperk verskaf het. Uit die navorsing het dit geblyk dat die geskiedenis van Kaya Mandi baie meer kompleks is as wat voorheen veronderstel is. Kaya Mandi was nie net 'n passiewe lokasie in die Wes-Kaap, onderdanig aan die grille van diegene in beheer nie. In teendeel, hulle het gesukkel om hulle manier van lewe, hul kultuur en, in sommige gevalle, hul voortbestaan in stand te hou. Soms was dit 'n stryd tussen die inwoners en die plaaslike regering en ander kere was dit ' n stryd tussen die verskillende segmente van binne Kaya Mandi. Hierdie ondersoek oor die geskiedenis van Kaya Mandi bied meer insig oor hoe dit ontwikkel tot wat dit vandag is. Dit gee ook 'n dieper begrip van die huidige probleme en situasies wat die mense in die gesig staar. Dit is veral belangrik om ingeligte besluite te neem met betrekking tot noodsaaklike ontwikkeling en uitbreiding. Grootliks is Kaya Mandi in baie opsigte 'n mikrokosmos van die township-lewe in die Wes-Kaap. Die huidige ondersoek belig die kompleksiteit van hierdie gemeenskappe en die noodsaaklikheid van verdere navorsing.

Thesis (MPhil (Sociology and Social Anthropology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines the issue of informal settlement fires, specifically in Kayamandi a township of Stellenbosch in the Western Cape province of South Africa. The study aims to identify the relevant role-players involved in addressing the issue and to understand the unique dynamics involved in this type of fires at the local level context. The study illuminates the main contextual factors that contribute to the perpetuation of informal settlement sprawl in South Africa and that relates to the risk and vulnerability experienced by informal settlement dwellers. A qualitative research approach was followed and a triangulation of data collection methods was used, combined with a relatively broad literature study to capture the complexity of the related issues. The contextual focus includes the macro-economic factors that contribute to the environment in which informal settlement fires occur, and furthermore, developmental, economic, political and social aspects and the related experience of poverty, urbanisation and unemployment. It was found that the theoretical underpinning of both the fields of Disaster Management and Community Development are relevant for analysis and addressing the research questions. Furthermore, that a relationship exists between the Disaster Management, Development and Community Development fields. This is particularly evident in Disaster Management policy and planning as related to prevention, mitigation, and public participation, such as community involvement in Community-Based Risk Assessments. Key findings suggest that local government in the demarcated study area has great influence on how the problem of informal settlement fires is addressed. From national to local municipality level, the State plays the largest role in addressing the issue and takes the responsibility for addressing informal settlement fires as part of disaster management mandates prescribed in legislation. The local government agenda as influenced by Disaster Management legislation include efforts related to awareness, education and training focused on Kayamandi as an informal settlement community and can be considered community development initiatives. This further relates to the view taken in the thesis that informal settlement fires are a social issue and not only an operational issue. Therefore the broad social, economic and political context and history were included and it was shown that the ‘problem’ of informal settlement fires is part of a greater developmental context and related processes. A variety of community development theories were chosen as a useful framework for analysis in this study and to approach issues of risk and vulnerability on a community level. It also presents a conceptual framework for including both non-governmental stake-holders and the affected community as role-players.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die kwessie van vure in informele nedersettings en spesifiek in Kayamandi, ‘n informele nedersetting van Stellenbosch in die Wes-Kaap provinsie van Suid- Afrika. Die doel van die studie is om die relevante rolspelers te identifiseer wat betrokke is by die aanspreek van die kwessie en om die unieke dinamika van vure in hierdie plaaslike konteks te verstaan. Hierdie studie beklemtoon die belangrikste kontekstuele faktore wat bydra tot die uitbreiding van informele nedersettings in Suid-Afrika en wat verband hou met die risiko en kwesbaarheid van inwoners van informele nedersettings. ‘n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering is gevolg en ‘n triangulasie van dataversamelingsmetodes is in hierdie studie gebruik. Dit is met ‘n relatief breë literatuur-studie gekombineer om die kompleksiteit van die verwante kwessies weer te gee. Die konteksuele fokus sluit in makro-ekonomiese faktore wat bydrae tot ‘n omgewing waarin informele nedersettingsbrande voorkom, en voorts, ontwikkelings-, ekonomiese-, politieke- en sosiale aspekte, sowel as die verwante ervaring van armoede, verstedeliking en werkloosheid. Daar is bevind dat die teoretiese begronding van beide die velde van Rampbestuur en Gemeenskapsontwikkeling relevant is vir ontleding en om die navorsingsvrae te kan beantwoord en dat daar ‘n verhouding tussen Rampbestuur, Ontwikkeling en meer spesifiek Gemeenskapsontwikkeling bestaan. Dit kom veral na vore in Rampbestuurbeleid en - beplanning soos van toepassing op voorkoming, mitigasie en publieke deelname. Van die belangrikste bevindinge suggereer dat die plaaslike regering in die gegewe studie die grootste invloed het oor hoe die probleem van brande in informele nedersettings aangespreek word. Van nasionale tot plaaslike vlakke neem die Staat die verantwoordelikheid vir die aanspreek van informele nedersettingsbrande, soos vervat in mandate wat deur rampbestuur wetgewing bepaal word. Die plaaslike regering se agenda soos bepaal deur Rampbestuur wetgewing bevat gemeenskapsontwikkelingsidees oor deelname en inklusiewe beplanning, bewusmaking, opvoeding en spesifieke opleidingsinitiatiewe wat op Kayamandi afgestem is. Dit sluit verder aan by die siening, soos geneem in die tesis, dat informele nedersettingsbrande meer as net ‘n operasionele kwessie is, maar ook ‘n sosiale dimensie insluit. Om hierdie rede word die breër sosiale, ekonomiese, politieke en historiese konteks in die studie ingesluit, soos wat dit op die ‘probleem’ van informele nedersettingsbrande as deel van die groter ontwikkelingskonteks en prosesse dui. ‘n Verskeidenheid van gemeenskapontwikkelingsteorieë is as ‘n bruikbare raamwerk geselekteer vir ontleding en as ‘n benadering om risiko en kwesbaarheid op gemeenskapsvlak aan te spreek. Dit bied ook ‘n konsepsuele raamwerk om beide nie-regeringsrolspelers en die geaffekteerde gemeenskap ook as rolspelers in te kan sluit.

Thesis (MSc (Consumer Science)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.<br>The South African government drafted a national housing policy in 1994. This policy is being implemented in terms of seven strategies. One of the housing strategies is to provide subsidy assistance to low-income groups to enable them to become home owners and improve their quality of life. The delivery of state-subsidised housing will help to reduce the housing backlog and to reach the goal of eradicating informal settlements by 2014. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of housing satisfaction of residents in state-subsidised housing units.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Informal settlements in South Africa are home to a large proportion of the country’s population and many of these people live in atrocious conditions which infringe on their basic human rights. It is imperative that the problems synonymous with informal settlements be addressed. Kayamandi is situated on the outskirts of Stellenbosch, a town with abundant financial and human capital and resources. In relation to other informal settlements throughout South Africa, Kayamandi is relatively small. Thus, the progression towards sustainability and development would be deemed to be an easier prospect here than in many other urban areas in South Africa. Evidently, this has not been the case. This thesis identifies the shortcomings in the way that various proponents of development, such as the private and public sectors as well as non-profit organisations, approach development and sustainability in Kayamandi. The research was conducted through an extensive literature review, case study analysis and qualitative research methods. The aim was to: Identify what the main social, environmental and economic issues are in Kayamandi; To analyse policy, plans and programs and to assess whether these have been practically achieved in relation to the stipulated objectives, and; To assess some of the sustainable development initiatives and programs that have been implemented in Kayamandi with the aim of identifying why sustainable development has as yet not been achieved. An extensive literature review sheds light on the nature of poverty and informal settlements, while explaining concepts surrounding sustainable development, good governance and how sustainability as a paradigm holds the key to addressing issues synonymous with informal settlements. It also focuses on how sustainable development can unlock the potential of deprived and informal communities. Subsequent chapters give insight on what is prescribed in national policy, plans and programs; what the current situation in Kayamandi is with regards to environmental and socioeconomic issues, as well service delivery, housing and infrastructure delivery; and how the proponents of development have approached development in Kayamandi. From the research conducted it was found that: There is a lack of good governance; Policy implementation is poor; Developmental initiatives tend to be linear and reactive; There is a lack of innovation; There is poor communication between stakeholder and developmental proponents, which is further exacerbated by tedious bureaucratic procedures, and; There is no clear and comprehensive sustainability framework or plan in place. However, the research indicates that this can be resolved via several mechanisms and through the implementation of several strategies: By building and developing public and community leadership as well as recognising the importance of knowledge in fostering sustainable development; Improving communication and developing appropriate communication networks and feedback loops between stakeholders and proponents of development; Implementing unbiased, proactive and innovative initiatives which address the triple bottom line of sustainability and; By making use of suitable assessments and indicators alongside an appropriate, inclusive and holistic sustainability plan or framework.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Informele nedersettings in Suid-Afrika is die tuiste van 'n groot deel van die land se bevolking en ‘n groot hoveelheid van die mense woon in haglike omstandighede wat inbreek maak op hul basiese menseregte. Die toenemende probleme wat gepaard gaan met informele nedersettings moet aangespreek word. Kayamandi is geleë op die buitewyke van Stellenbosch, 'n dorp met 'n oorvloed van finansiële en menslike kapitaal. Kayamandi, in vergelyking met ander informele nedersettings in Suid-Afrika, is relatief klein. Dus, sou die vordering na volhoubaarheid en ontwikkeling makliker bereikbaar weesgeag word as in ander stedelike gebiede in Suid-Afrika. Klaarblyklik Duidelik is dit egter nie die geval nie. Hierdie proefskrif identifiseer die tekortkominge in hoe die verskillende voorstanders van ontwikkeling, soos die private en openbare sektore tesame met nie-winsgewende organisasies, ontwikkeling en volhoubaarheid in Kayamandi nader. Die navorsing is gehartig deur middel van 'n uitgebreide literatuuroorsig, gevallestudie-analise en kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes. Die doel was om: Te identifiseer wat die belangrikste sosiale, omgewings en ekonomiese kwessies in Kayamandi is; Beleide, planne en programme krities te ontleed in verhouding tot die vasgestelde doelwitte en of hulle in werklikeid bereik was, en; Om deur kritiese beoordeling van die volhoubare ontwikkelings inisiatiewe en programme wat in Kayamandi geïmplementeer is, vas te stel waarom volhoubare ontwikkeling as sulks nog nie bereik is nie. 'n Uitgebreide literatuuroorsig werp lig op die aard van armoede en informele nedersettings, en brei uit oor begrippe rondom volhoubare ontwikkeling, goeie regering en hoe volhoubaarheid as 'n paradigma die sleutel hou tot die aanspreek van kwessies wat sinoniem is met informele nedersettings en hoe dit potensieël opgelos kan word. Daaropvolgende hoofstukke gee insig oor wat in nasionale beleid, planne en programme voorgeskryf word; Wat die huidige situasie in Kayamandi is met betrekking tot die omgewing en die sosioekonomiese kwessies soos goeie dienslewering, behuising en die toestand van infrastruktuur versakaffing, en; Hoe die voorstanders van ontwikkeling tot dusver ontwikkeling genader het in Kayamandi. Daar is gevind dat: Daar 'n gebrek is aan goeie bestuur; Implementering van beleid is swak; Ontwikkelingsinisiatiewe is geneig om lineêr en reaktief te wees; Daar 'n gebrek is aan innovering; Daar swak kommunikasie is tussen belanghebbendes en ontwikkelings voorstanders, wat verder vererger word deur langduige burokratiese prosedures, en; Daar is geen duidelike volhoubaarheids-raamwerk of plan nie. Maar die navorsing dui ook daarop dat die kwessies opgelos kan word deur 'n aantal meganismes, asook die implementering van verskeie strategieë: Deur die opbou en ontwikkeling van openbare en gemeenskapsleiers sowel as die erkenning van die belangrikheid van kennis in die bevordering van volhoubare ontwikkeling; Die verbetering van kommunikasie en die ontwikkeling van toepaslike kommunikasie-netwerke en terugvoerlusse tussen belanghebbendes en voorstanders van ontwikkeling; Implementering van onbevooroordeelde, pro-aktiewe en innoverende inisiatiewe wat die driedubbele lyn van volhoubaarheid aanspreek, en; Deur gebruik te maak van geskikte evaluering en aanwysers saam met 'n gepaste, inklusiewe en holistiese volhoubaarheid plan of raamwerk.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT : This research study presents a community assessment to explore and construct an overview of the scope and nature of support organisations currently active in the marginalised community of Kayamandi, Stellenbosch. Support organisations play a pivotal role in the global attempt to eradicate poverty by assisting and empowering people to achieve sustained independence and dignified prosperity. In order for support efforts to be properly utilised, people have to be aware that these efforts exist. Residents need to know what services are available and where to find the services. In addition, support organisations providing the services need to be aware of other organisations that could complement their efforts to ensure optimal service delivery. To date, no reliable informative summary of support organisations involved in Kayamandi exists. Therefore the research objective for this study was two-fold: to ascertain which support organisations are currently available in the suburb of Kayamandi and to construct a typology of these organisations in terms of types of services rendered and recipients targeted. A combination of Bronfenbrenner‟s bioecological theory (Bronfenbrenner, 2005) and organisational theory (Jones, 2010) provided the framework within which support organisations could be qualitatively investigated, contextualised and analysed. To collect rich and relevant data, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants representing 19 support organisations in Kayamandi. The data were analysed by means of a thematic content analysis, using the ATLAS.ti computer software package. Findings revealed various aspects regarding support organisations, the services they deliver, the recipients they serve, the staff and volunteers delivering the services, the funding support as well as the links of cooperation that exist. The themes that emerged during the interviews include insights regarding self-evaluation, sustainability, benefits, constraints, the role of religion as well as values pertaining to service. The findings provide comprehensive and valuable insights which can inform existing as well as new support organisations alike.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Hierdie navorsing behels ‟n gemeenskapsassesering wat uitgevoer is om ‟n oorsig op te stel aangaande die omvang en aard van ondersteuningsorganisasies wat tans in Kayamandi, Stellenbosch werksaam is. Ondersteuningsorganisasies speel ‟n belangrike rol in die wereldwye poging om armoede uit te wis en om mense te bemagtig ten opsigte van onafhanklike en volhoubare voorspoed. Om voldoende gebruik te kan maak van ondersteuningsdienste moet mense van die dienste bewus wees. Inwoners moet weet watter dienste beskibaar is en waar om hulle te vind. Daarbenewens moet ondersteuningsorganisasies wat die dienste lewer ook bewus wees van ander organisasies wat hulle dienste kan aanvul om sodoende optimale dienslewering aan die lede van die gemeenskap te bied. Tans bestaan daar geen samevatting oor die ondersteuningsorganisasies in Kayamandi nie. Die navorsingsvraag in hierdie ondersoek was tweeledig: om vas te stel watter ondersteuningsorganisasies tans beskikbaar is in Kayamandi en om ‟n tipologie op te stel van die tipe dienste wat hulle lewer en die ontvangers van die dienste. Die navorsing is in ‟n kombinasie van die bio-ekologiese teorie van Bronfenbrenner (Bronfenbrenner, 2005) en ‟n organisasieteorie (Jones, 2010) veranker, om sodoende die organisasies in die konteks van hulle omgewing te kan ondersoek en ontleed. Altesaam 19 semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met sleutelinformante wat 19 ondersteuningsorganisasies in Kayamandi verteenwoordig het om sodoende relevante data in te samel. Die data is deur middel van ‟n tematiese inhoudsontleding ontleed met behulp van die Atlas.ti-rekenaarprogram. Die bevindinge het verskillende aspekte in verband met ondersteuningsorganisasies uitgelig, naamlik die dienste wat hulle lewer, die ontvangers van die dienste, die personeel en vrywilligers wat die dienste lewer, die befondsing en die mate van samewerking tussen organisasies. Die temas wat geïdentifiseer is sluit self-evaluasie, volhoubaarheid, die voordele en beperkinge, die rol van godsdiens sowel as die waardes wat aan dienslewering geheg word in. Die bevindinge voorsien omvattende insigte wat bestaande en nuwe ondersteuningsdienste, kan toelig.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The central theme of this thesis is to establish the use of visual art for community development. This is done within the context of South Africa in Kayamandi, a Black Township near Stellenbosch. This example has been chosen because one of South Africa's major developmental challenges lies in Black Townships, due to the previous government's negligence toward these areas. Since the thesis focuses on a Black Township, the history of Black visual art during the 20th century, under colonial and postcolonial regimes is analysed. Subsequently, the notion of community development and how visual art contributes to development is outlined. The important role that community arts and community arts centres play in the contribution of visual art to community development is also defined. To this end qualitative and quantitative research has been conducted in Kayamandi. Artists, visual art groups and possible community arts centres were identified. By way of the Kayamandi study, it is understood that visual art is an established practice in Kayamandi. Under specified circumstances, visual art practice in Kayamandi does lead to community development. The establishment of a community arts centre could further increase people's use of visual art for community development.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die sentrale doel van die tesis is om die gebruik van visuele kuns vir gemeenskapsontwikkeling vas te stel. Dit word vasgestel binne die Suid- Afrikaanse konteks met spesifieke verwysing na Kayamandi, 'n Swart woonbuurt naby Stellenbosch. Dié gemeenskap is gekies omdat Swart woonbuurte een van Suid-Afrika se grootste ontwikkelingsuitdagings vergestalt. Dié uitdaging is die gevolg van nalatigheid van die vorige apartheidsregering ten opsigte van die gebiede. Die geskiedenis van Swart visuele kuns gedurende die 20ste eeu tydens die koloniale en postkoloniale regimes word ondersoek. Gevolglik word gemeenskapsontwikkeling en hoe visuele kuns daartoe bydra uiteengesit en bespreek. Verder word die belangrikheid van gemeenskapskuns en - kunssentrums én hul bydrae tot visuele kuns vir gemeenskapsontwikkeling gedefiniëer. Vir dié doel is kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe navorsing in die verband in Kayamandi gedoen. Kunstenaars, visuele kuns groepe en moontlike gemeenskapskunssentrums is ge-identifiseer. Die Kayamandi studie bewys dat visuele kuns 'n gevestigde praktyk in Kayamandi is. In gespesifiseerde omstandighede dra visuele kuns wel tot gemeenskapsontwikkeling in Kayamandi by. Die ontwikkeling van 'n gemeenskapskunssentrum in Kayamandi sal die inwoners se gebruik van visuele kuns vir gemeenskapsontwikkeling vergroot.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Domestic violence in South Africa is increasingly becoming a major social problem. Domestic violence disrupts family life and the functioning of family members. However, domestic violence is still narrowly defined and viewed as affecting women who are usually the victims/survivors of such violence. The impact of domestic violence on children is largely underestimated and ignored. Most research and intervention programmes have focused on the problem as it affects women thus treating the impact of violence on children as of secondary importance. The aim of this study is to examine domestic violence from the perspective of black teenagers who either witness or experience such violence themselves. In an attempt to understand and make sense of Black teenagers' experiences and views of violence in their homes and intimate relationships, insights from different theoretical perspectives are used. These are Trauma theory, Social learning theory and the Funnel of Violence theory. Using a qualitative methodology, the study explores black teenagers experiences of domestic violence in their home of origin and their perceptions of violence in intimate relationships. Focus group interviews were conducted with 22 black male and female teenagers between the ages of 14 and 21 to obtain data. The study was conducted in Kayamandi, a township situated in the Stellenbosch area. The findings revealed that the teenagers have been exposed to constant conflict between their parents, the causes of which include alcohol abuse and infidelity. The exposure to violence at home has been traumatic and has affected teenagers on an emotional, psychological and sometimes physical level. The conflict at home has also affected their ability to cope and adopt in their social and school environment. Some have also been direct victims of violence since they have suffered abuse at the hands of both their parents. As a result, their relationship with their parents has been strained. In addition, they seem to have adopted distorted views on how to deal with problems within relationships. They tend to view violence as a means to resolve conflict in intimate relationships and some of these teenagers have come to believe that violence is acceptable since it is an indication of love. They also believe that violent behaviour is a consequence of provocation and is carried out unwittingly to punish and discipline the victim. In most cases the victims of violence are women.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gesinsgeweld word toenemend as 'n sosiale probleem binne die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing geïdentifiseer. Gesinsgeweld word gesien as dat dit die gesinslewe en die gesonde funksionering van gesinslede ontwrig. Gesinsgeweld word egter grootliks gedefinieer as dat dit slegs volwasse vroue affekteer. Die impak van gesinsgeweld op kinders word grootliks onderskat en selfs geïgnoreer. Navorsing oor gesinsgeweld en intervensieprogramme is dus hoofsaaklik gerig op die impak daarvan op vroue as slagoffers. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die impak van gesinsgeweld op kinders in die gesin te ondersoek. Ten einde swart tienderjariges se blootstelling aan gesinsgeweld en die wyse waarop hulle geweld binne intieme verhoudings konseptualiseer te interpreteer, is insigte uit verskillende teoretiese perspektiewe aangewend. Die belangrikste perspektiewe is Trauma teorie, Sosiale Leerteorie en die sg. 'Funnel of violence' teorie. Die studie is kwalitatief van aard en eksploreer swart tienderjariges se sienings van geweld binne hul gesin van oorsprong asook hul siening van die rol van geweld binne intieme verhoudings. Fokusgroeponderhoude is gevoer met 22 swart manlike en vroulike tienderjariges tussen die ouderdom van 14 en 21 jaar woonagtig in Kayamandi, Stellenbosch. Van die belangrikste bevindings is dat swart tienderjariges alkoholmisbruik en huweliksontrouheid as die belangrikste aanleidende oorsake van geweld in die gesin identifiseer. Tienderjariges ervaar gesinsgeweld as traumaties en geweld beïnvloed hulle op emosionele en sielkundige vlak. Blootstelling aan geweld het ook 'n invloed op hul vermoë om suksesvol binne hul sosiale- en skoolomgewing te funksioneer. Terwyl die meeste deelnemers nie self slagoffers van gesinsgeweld was nie, was enkeles wel. Dit het stremming tussen ouers en kinders tot gevolg gehad. Blootstelling aan geweld beïnvloed tienderjariges se vermoë om konflik binne intieme verhoudings suksesvol te hanteer. Sommige definieer geweld as 'n indikator van liefde. Sommige interpreteer geweld as grootliks onbedoeld en 'n wyse om 'n persoon (gewoonlik 'n vrou) te straf en te dissiplineer. In die meeste situasies is vroue die slagoffers van geweld.

Die Queen Victoria Gedenkhospitaal van Stellenbosch, wat sedert 1904 die Stellenbosse gemeenskap bedien het, het as gevolg van 'n groeien~e inwonergetal geleidelik 'n gebrek aan ruimte ondervind. Daarom is daar gedurende die 1930's pogings aangewend vir die oprigting van 'n groter hospitaal. Hierdie pogings is uiteindelik met sukses bekroon en in 1944 het die Stellenbosch Hospitaal sy deure geopen. Spoedig na die opening van die hospitaal is verskeie probleme, soos byvoorbeeld 'n tekort aan beddens en 'n behoefte aan meer moderne mediese toerusting, ondervind. Die Hospitaalraad het deur voortdurende verto~ tot die Kaapse Provinsiale Administrasie en met die finansi~le steun van die Stellenbosse gemeenskap daarin geslaag om belangrike moderne algemene en mediese toerusting aan te koop. Die Stellenbosch Hospitaal, in samewerking met die Cloetesville Gemeenskaps Gesondheidsentrum, wat onder die beheer van die hospitaal staan, se belangrikste doelwit was, en is, om die beste moontlike diens aan die gemeenskap te lewer. Daarom het die Hospitaalraad met verloop van tyd 'n omvattende gemeenskaps gesondheidsprogram ontwikkel. Sedert die dae van die Queen Victoria Gedenkhospitaal het die Stellenbosse gemeenskap 'n aktiewe rol in die lewering van noodsaaklike hospitaaldienste gespee!. As gevolg van die betrokkenheid en die finansi~le bydraes van die gemeenskap kon die Hospitaalraad noodsaaklike uitbreidings, soos 'n kraamsaal en 'n verpleegsterstehuis finansier. Omdat die gemeenskap besef het dat dit nie net die staat se verantwoordelikheid was om gesondheidsdienste te lewer nie, is die Aksie Stellenbosch Hospitaal, die gemeenskapsarm van die hospitaal, in 1988 gestig. Hierdie Aksie Stellenbosch Hospitaal speel dus in 'n tydperk waar staatsfondse beperk is, 'n belangrike rol om die Stellenbosch Hospitaal doeltreffend te laat funksioneer en om steeds hoe standaarde met betrekking tot gesondheidsorg te handhaaf.

Thesis (MSpor)--Stellenbosch University, 2008.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Stellenbosch Rugby Football Club is the largest club in the world and the men’s residence rugby competition is a component of that Club. The purpose of this study was to document the origin, formation and activities of men’s residence rugby (koshuisrugby) at Stellenbosch University. The history of the University, the history of the Stellenbosch Rugby Football Club and a little of the history of rugby in South Africa, and particularly at Stellenbosch, are given as background information in the introduction to provide a global view. The nucleus of this study concerns the development of koshuisrugby at Stellenbosch University. An attempt has been made to reconstruct all gathered information as accurately and as thoroughly as possible. Although there is much popular writing on sport in South Africa, the supply of scientific information is minimal. Studies such as these are thus hampered by the unavailability of primary sports history information. As this study is sport-historically orientated, the historic-scientific method has been implemented. Preference has been given to primary sources of information. These sources included minutes, annual reports, reports of annual meetings and reports of special meetings of the Stellenbosch Rugby Football Club, as well as interviews with people involved with the club. Personal correspondence and interviews have also been undertaken with the students and warders of the various male residences. Secondary sources of information included University of Stellenbosch publications, books, articles and newspapers. The introductory section provides a broad outline of the history of rugby in Stellenbosch; the sports fields of the University and especially the various venues of the rugby club are dealt with. At first, games were played on the Braak, from where they were moved to the Vlakte, the Paviljoenveld and later to Coetzenburg. The second chapter is devoted to the formulation of the problem, defining of the study, method of research and the evaluation of the resources. The third chapter describes all the male residences playing in the koshuisrugby competition. Their history, emblems and their results in the koshuisrugby competition are discussed in detail. Two other teams are also described. However, they are not resident on the Stellenbosch Campus: the Elsenburg Agricultural College has also been discussed as they take part in the koshuisrugby competition although they are not part of the University. Medies (the Medical School) is part of the University and plays rugby in the koshuisrugby competition, but is not situated on the Stellenbosch Campus. The fourth chapter deals with the koshuisrugby competition. First, the origins and the evolution of the five leagues are mapped out. Other competitions such as sevens rugby and the first years’ tournament are also described. Since koshuisrugby provided the playing field for experimenting with rules, a section has been written on rule changes. Referees had to know and apply al those rule changes, so something about the history and evolution of referees has also been given. Finally, sponsors are discussed because their participation helped to make koshuisrugby extremely popular.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Stellenbosch Rugbyvoetbalklub is die grootste klub in die wêreld en die rugbykompetisie van die manskoshuise is 'n komponent van hierdie klub. Die doel van hierdie studie was om die ontstaan, samestelling en aktiwiteite van die rugby van mansstudente in koshuise (‘koshuisrugby’) aan die Universiteit Stellenbosch te dokumenteer. Die geskiedenis van die Universiteit, die geskiedenis van die Stellenbosch Rugbyvoetbalklub en iets van die geskiedenins van rugby in Suid-Afrika, veral te Stellenbosch, word in die inleiding as agtergrond aangebied om 'n globale blik te voorsien. In wese het hierdie studie te doen met die ontwikkelling van koshuisrugby by die Universiteit Stellenbosch. 'n Poging is aangewend om al die versamelde inligting so akkuraat en deeglik as moontlk te herkonstrueer. Alhoewel daar baie populêre sportskrywing in Suid-Afrika gedoen word, is die aanbod van inligting met 'n wetenskaplike strekking minimaal. Studies soos die huidige een word dus in die wiele gery deur die onbeskikbaarheid van primêre inligting oor die geskiedenis van sport. Aangesien hierdie studie op sportgeskiedenis gerig is, is die histories-wetenskaplike metode daarvoor gevolg. Voorkeur is gegee aan primêre bronne van inligting. Hierdie bronne het die notules van vergaderings, jaarverslae, verslae van jaarvergaderings en verslae van spesiale vergaderings van die Stellenbosch Rugbyvoetbalklub ingesluit, sowel as onderhoude met persone wat by die klub betrokke is. Persoonlike briefwisseling en onderhoude is ook gevoer met studente en koshuisvaders van die onderskeie manskoshuise. Sekondêre bronne van inligting het publikasies van die Universiteit Stellenbosch, boeke, artikels en koerante ingesluit. Die inleiding verskaf 'n breë oorsig oor die geskiedenis van rugby in Stellenbosch; die sportvelde van die Universiteit, en die verskeie bymekaarkomplekke van die rugbyklub. Aan die begin is rugbywedstryde op die ‘Braak’ gespeel, vanwaar hulle na die sogenaamde ‘Vlakte’ verskuif het, later na die ‘Paviljoenveld’ en toe na Coetzenburg en later die Danie Craven-stadion. Die tweede hoofstuk is gewy aan die formulering van die probleem, die afbakening van die studie, die navorsingsmetode en die evaluering van die bronne. Die derde hoofstuk beskrywe al die manskoshuise wat aan die koshuisrugbykompetisie deelgeneem het. Die geskiedenis van hul deelname, koshuiswapens en resultate word in besonderhede gedek. Twee ander spanne, wat hulself nie op die Stellenbosch-kampus bevind nie, word ook bespreek. Die Elsenburg Landboukollege word bespreek aangesien hulle aan die koshuisrugbykompetisie deelneem, ten spyte daarvan dat hulle nie deel vorm van die Universiteit nie. Medies (die span van die Mediese Skool) vorm deel van die Universiteit en speel rugby in die koshuisrugbykompetisie, maar is in Tygerberg gesetel. Die vierde hoofstuk behandel die koshuisrugbykompetisie. Die oorsprong en ewolusie van die vyf ligas word eerstens uitgestip. Ander kompetisies, soos sewes-rugby en die eerstejaarstoernooi, word ook beskrywe. Aangesien koshuisrugby die speelveld vir eksperimentering met reëls gelewer het, word 'n afdeling aan die wysiging van reëls gewy. Skeidregters moes die reëlwysigings leer ken en toepas, dus was dit nodig om ook oor die geskiedenins en ontwikkeling van die skeidsregters te skrywe. Ten laaste word borge ook bespreek, aangesien hul deelname gehelp het om koshuisrugby so uiters gewild te maak.