Academic literature on the topic 'Kazakh Riddles'

<p>This article develops the ideas of M.M. Mukanov about the importance of a psychological approach to the product of oral creativity in ethnico-historical terms. Ethnic mentality corresponds to social and historical realities of the life of the ethnos creating a unique culture. An important part of the manifestation of ethnic mentality belongs to the works of oral creativity &ndash; the product of the mental activity of many generations. John M. Dienhart (Dienhart) argued that riddles "can serve as a useful identifier of cultural norms and worldview" [34]. Thus, the article discusses riddles as a specific element of Kazakh culture, as a special cultural tradition; the role of riddles in the translation of cultural and historical experience; how exactly the peculiarities of mentality manifest themselves in riddles; what the specificity of the guessing process is. In conclusion, we discuss what the common and the different in guessing riddles compared to solving educational and creative tasks. It is shown that the difficulties of guessing are associated with the disguise of the sought under the shell of the ethnic context and a special way of "stamping" the riddle. In a creative task, the most important moment is a reflexive effort aimed at awaring and changing the way of action. And the Kazakh riddle combines the correlation of two contents according to gestalt, thinking by analogy, transduction and ethno-cultural context. In this sense, guessing the Kazakh riddle is "three in one": mastering cultural and historical experience (the enclosed content), mastering the method of metaphorical thinking (thinking in modeling representations), mastering the ethno-cultural context. Thus, it corresponds to Archer Taylorꞌs thesisthat the riddle is a universal art [38].</p>

It is known that the concept of the language, literature, and culture of any people originates from folklore and is reflected there. Folklore is a rich literary heritage of the people, the art of words, everyday life, and the pearl of the national culture. It contains a lot of information and information related to the national worldview. In today's era of globalization, the use of folklore models at the "Kazakh language" lesson can not only increase the vocabulary, richness of language, skills of word use, but also expand the cognitive horizons of students and become of great importance in the direction of national education in the question of how we can absorb and convey this spiritual heritage to young people. The article will talk about the methodology of using Kazakh folklore in the process of teaching the state language – Kazakh. The possibility of using information related to folklore, exercises in reading, listening, pronunciation, and writing tasks of speech activity is discussed from the point of view of practical training. During each lesson, students are told about the cognitive and educational aspects of folklore. Types of tasks with proverbs, sayings and riddles of folklore patterns can be used by converting them according to the topics in the standard program. This is due to the fact that these patterns of folklore are compact in size, rhythmic in pronunciation, and are easy to perceive by the language learner. The structure of proverbs and sayings is compact and simple, but the vocabulary, richness of the language, develops the student's horizons, expands the use of words, teaches expressive speech. Unfortunately, the use of riddles, one of the small genres of folklore, has become rare recently. Therefore, in order to promote the rich national heritage it is necessary to give more riddles in the lesson. Riddles develop the human mind, expand the student's worldview, enrich the language in the process of identifying the implied thought. At the “Kazakh language” lesson folklore samples obtained in connection with the text help to master the topic, reveal its content.

Purpose. In the conditions of accelerated development of modernization processes in Kazakhstan, there is increased interest in the study of Kazakh heritage by historians and ethnographers of the 19th – 20th centuries. The purpose of this work is to identify the main scientific issues in the ethnography of the Kazakhs covered in Grigorii Nikolaevich Potanin’s studies. Scientific works of this outstanding scientist in this respect are particularly relevant. Firstly, the researcher was born in one of the fortifications in the Kazakh steppe and had a good command of the Kazakh language as he was familiar with the peculiarities of culture and life of the Kazakh people since his childhood. Secondly, he was a famous ethnographer, a member of the Russian Geographical Society and participated in several scientific expeditions on the territory of Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China. This article deals with studying the traditional culture of the Kazakh people by the famous ethnographer G. N. Potanin (1835–1920). We analyze the main works of the researcher devoted to the study of the spiritual culture of the Kazakh people. On the basis of our study, we identify that the study of folklore was one of central and most important issues among the various scientific aspects G. N. Potanin raised. Results. G. N. Potanin focused on studying oral folk art of the Kazakh people including genealogical legends. He analyzed the origin of those legends and their similarities with legends of other peoples. The researcher also collected and recorded fairy tales, proverbs, riddles and tongue twisters of the Kazakh people. G. N. Potanin proved the so-called “eastern hypothesis” of the origin and development of the medieval European epic. In our opinion, G. N. Potanin concentrated on studying oral folk art because it reflects the life of the Kazakh people. The researcher noted a certain influence of Islam and Central Asian culture on the traditional culture of the Kazakh people. He studied ethnic composition, social structure, traditional economy and material culture of the Kazakh people. Conclusion. Thus, the study of Kazakh folklore, including oral and musical creativity, was the main important issue in G. N. Potanin’s research. He made conclusions on the ethnic composition, the traditional system of life support of the Kazakh people. In this small work, we noted only a small range of aspects that are reflected in the work of the great researcher. It is necessary to widen the range of archival materials studied to continue investigating the heritage of this outstanding Russian scientist, a true friend of the Kazakh people.

The article discusses the continuity of the traditions of Kazakh children's literature, which originates from the samples of oral literature. Regardless of the age of the literature, it is important to note that writers write works of art for children. One of the main functions of fiction is to educate the reader, and in any work of poets and writers, it is shown with specific examples that they remember this and write valuable things that will bring up Kazakhstani children. A scientific analysis of the artistic and aesthetic achievements of modern children's literature is carried out by analyzing the works of poets and writers who wrote for children, such as B. Zhylkybekovich, S. Duisenbiev, S. Doszhan, R. Sautbay, who learned from the classics of children's literature. The tradition of modern Kazakh children's literature is based on certain subgenres such as counting, riddles, proverbs, songs of lies, fairy tales, legends, stories. Scientific opinions are presented based on the opinions of scientists.

When a person learns about the world, hefirst of all aims to reveal itssecrets, riddles,in order to see and accept various objects in the environment, to become an integral part of it and to create daily life. Although the trend started in ancient times, it is still recurring today. Because learning and an interest in the process, is a quality specific to humanity. As a result of this knowledge, the language is enriched, thought is improved,various legends, myths, and stories are born. That is, what is achieved in knowledge - with the help of our language, and the worldview itself unfolds along the same line in the minds of mutually related, similar peoples. From this point of view, the definition of the national-cultural cognitive character in the lexemes related to plants in the Kazakh and Turkic languages is very relevant from the point of view of studying the worldview. Plants have the same meaning in the life of humanity united by four elements that make up the basis of life (water, air, soil, fire). It maintains the balance of nature with the soul, animals and people. Observing the worldview about plants of the Turkic period, we can see that they played the same special role as animals. This idea is evidenced by ancient legends, rites and rituals, myths, stories related to plants. In this article, we tried to study the mythology of the two peoples, to show and analyze the myths and legends of the origin of plants.

The article analyzes the role of Yerimbet Kuldeybekuly in aitys. The individual character of the poet, the essence and art of execution in the written aitys of Yerimbet Akyn were determined. The genre and cognitive nature of Yerimbet Kuldeibekuly's works in the field of letters is studied. Yerimbet Kuldeibekuly's contribution to the literature, culture and spirituality of the nation is determined through written aitys.The worldview of Yerimbet's creativity, performing aitys according to the system of riddles and answers, is analyzed. The peculiarities of Yerimbet Kuldeibekuly's enigmatic aitys, which show the continuity of a certain literary and creative environment, are analyzed, the nature of the tradition of the leading poets in the creation and solution of the enigmatic aitys is confirmed. In the ideological and compositional network of written aitys the description of the tradition of glorification of pedagogical personalities of the enlightened persons in the Zhyrau-poetic, oratory tradition of the Kazakh people is described.The aesthetic meaning of the poetic linguistic use of the aitys of Yerimbet akyn, the semantic meaning of the figurative word usage are highlighted. The nature of the creative individuality of the poet Yerimbet as a literary critic of the epoch in which he lived, the essence of the use of poetic language was determined. The examples of folk wisdom used to expand the poetic thought were considered in the context of the continuation of the tradition of skillful use of proverbs in combination with skill.

The article examines and systematizes the artistic features of the images of Abay and one of his students Abdrakhman and Alash Alikhan Bokeikhanov (author's narration, dialogue, monologue, characterization, portrait, etc.) in the novel-Hamsa by writer Ramazan Toktarov "Abaydyn zhumbagi" (Abay's Riddle). Novels of modern Kazakh prose are the result of creative work in the system of national and world literary processes. The works of modern writers, who are followers of artists who described various periods in the history of the Kazakh people, have a direct impact on the formation and renewal of the historical and national consciousness of the current reader. The subject of special consideration is the features of the image of historical truth and artistic solution in the novel-Hamsa by Ramazan Toktarov "Abaydyn zhumbagi" (the Abay Riddle). The article also analyzes the artistic solution of the continuity of motives of realism and romanticism (realistic character and artistic fiction ) in modern Kazakh novels.

The article is devoted to the study of the philosophical views of the famous Turkic writer of the 13th early 14th centuries. Rabguzi. The unification of different religions and multilingual communities into a single state of Altyn Horde under the leadership of the descendants of Genghis Khan led to the establishment of monotheistic views. In accordance with social requirements, Rabguzi introduces different peoples to the main categories of the great monotheistic religion. Having studied all the previous stories on the Koranic motives, Rabguzi combined and developed well-known religious stories about the creation of the earth. Human nature is one of the most important problems of ancient religions. According to religions, Adam was always trying to find a natural meaning for his life. He hoped to understand how and why he was given life. In Rabguzi's work, the riddle of human nature is given a strict answer from the point of view of religion, and therefore its scientific value is high.

Abstract. The article discusses the evaluation of S. Kondybai's works, as well as the most important of them – the problem of Kazakh mythology. Serikbol Kondybai's works were evaluated as "a rare phenomenon in national spirituality, a solar hero, a global phenomenon." At the same time, in the works of Kazakh mythology, the problems of myths, ideas about the ancient, primitive Universe of ancestors, its individual worlds, about the life of the primitive peoples of this universe are considered in detail and defined. Myth is the first stage of the spiritual culture of mankind, therefore, mastering Kazakh mythology can help to take a fresh look at what is still unclear in Kazakh psychology, customs, culture and literature, history. A myth is not a made-up lie, not an artificial world, but the reality of a real people about the world and about themselves, based on historical, spiritual experience, which is considered true. The mythology of Kazakhstan is a unified system of ideas about the ancient nomadic tribal life, numbering several thousand years of participation in famous places of modern Kazakhstan. In his work "Introduction to Kazakh mythology" S. Kondybai raises the question of whether there is a mythology. The answer is in the oral heritage -in psalms and chronicles, in various fairy tales, in the form of riddles and religious rituals, as well as in the fact that the vocabulary of the Kazakh language is deeply hidden. The heritage representing the mythical existence is transmitted to the real society and is used for literary and national-forming, educational purposes. Society is continuously evolving in time and space and therefore constantly changing in mythology. The myth is a collection of unforgettable heritage of our ancestors, passed down from generation to generation. At the same time, legends are a set of beliefs that give meaning to our lives. Keywords: myth, kazakh myth, mythical consciousness, argykazak mythology, spiritual world, phenomenon, cultural studies, religious mythology, national spirituality, space.

Personnel of Turksib construction and large industrial enterprises, (skilled) workers are carried out through various training and retraining. The article describes the political and social events in the cities of Ayagoz and Ridder, the state of education. In 1930, the total number of Kazakh-language newspapers in the Kazakh region was 14, and their circulation was 133 thousand. This, of course, was considered insignificant, and this issue was specially considered at the Plenum of the Kazakh Regional Party Committee. At the same Plenum, the issue of the need to publish Kazakh newspapers in the region was resolved. In this regard, the article about the socio-cultural situation in the region, published in the Kazakh newspapers "Zhana Aul" in Ayakoz and "Zhumysshy" in Ridder. The newspaper played an important role in educating workers in the communist spirit. He propagated the idea of the party in the development of the economy and culture.