Academic literature on the topic 'Keaveney model'

International students in China had not anticipated the unprecedented disruption to their educational experiences caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In China, COVID-19 movement control on campus was managed solely by university authorities. Online teaching and learning following multilevel procedures were implemented for centralized emergency response, decision-making, and information dissemination. This study examined international studentsʼ academic and non-academic experiences in northwestern Chinese universities during the pandemic. Kuh’s engagement theory of learning and the Keaveney and Young’s Satisfaction Model were adapted and employed for insights into student satisfaction. The study was informed by Creswell’s “exploratory sequential” mixed methods research design. The in-depth interviews with selected students from three universities with the highest international student intakes in northwest China yielded four factors affecting students’ satisfaction, namely, online learning experience, in class-interaction, out-of-class faculty-students engagement, and out-ofclass student initiative. A validated questionnaire was distributed following the interviews at three universities. 410 international students completed the questionnaire. The analysis revealed a moderate level of satisfaction with both online learning and the faculty-students engagement during the pandemic. However, international students’ expectations differed according to their respective backgrounds and disciplines. Undergraduates yearned for more interpersonal communication, while postgraduate students desired academic engagement during online learning and fulfilment of graduation criteria. These findings should help the universities in Northwest China with strategic planning and the formulation of management policies pertaining to international student satisfaction.

<strong>ABSTRACT: </strong>The potential growth of video streaming market is derived by the growing revenue the high consumption towards entertainment in the market. This led to the intense competition in the OTT (Over-the-Top) industry, as OTT players focused their business with the subscription model that competed both for content and subscribers. Among the competitors, Vidio placed as the third rank based on the new paying subscribers in Southeast Asia. However, despite the growth of the new subscribers, the existence of weekly subscription still became a challenge to Vidio along with its impact that has tendency to result churn and unhealthy subscription cycle. To formulate strategies to enhance user retention, researcher use Consumer Decision Journey framework (McKinsey, 2009) to analyze the behaviour of the existing and ex-users of Vidio, and Customer Switching Behaviour (Keaveney, 1995) to identify the switching factors. This study conducts a quantitative method through online questionnaire and qualitative method through online interview. Those frameworks show alignment in identified the main factors of user willingness to keep subscribing and the switching factors which are content offerings, price, convenience, attractive interface and brand trustworthiness. This lead to the proposed solution based on the framework used, TOWS matrix and Diamond Strategy Model which focus on improving the competitive advantage of Vidio&rsquo;s service quality including its content offerings which requires completeness, exclusiveness and attractiveness, as well as product development of feature improvement, personalized recommendation, resolution quality to improve user experience, also strengthening strategic partnership and company driven marketing to enhance the brand attractiveness that will reflect on the consumer-driven marketing while balancing the price offers with the benefit provided.&nbsp; Lastly, implementing a new subscription pricing strategy by creating a special monthly subscription for high-demand content is needed to result in a healthier subscription lifecycle and to avoid churn users from weekly subscription.

The paper tries to find reasons why customers switch service providers in the telecommunication industry. The Keaveney Model on customer switching behaviour (CSB) in service industries and Porter&rsquo;s Five Forces Model. The working employee&rsquo;s data was gathered from the telecommunication industry and was analysed using exploratory factor analysis. To retain a customer, the service provider has to maintain relationship with the customer by providing lucrative offers for their friends and family. The study is original as it identifies the reasons why a customer switches to other service provider.&nbsp;

The potential growth of video streaming market is derived by the growing revenue the high consumption towards entertainment in the market. This led to the intense competition in the OTT (Over-the-Top) industry, as OTT players focused their business with the subscription model that competed both for content and subscribers. Among the competitors, Vidio placed as the third rank based on the new paying subscribers in Southeast Asia. However, despite the growth of the new subscribers, the existence of weekly subscription still became a challenge to Vidio along with its impact that has tendency to result churn and unhealthy subscription cycle. To formulate strategies to enhance user retention, researcher use Consumer Decision Journey framework (McKinsey, 2009) to analyze the behaviour of the existing and ex-users of Vidio, and Customer Switching Behaviour (Keaveney, 1995) to identify the switching factors. This study conducts a quantitative method through online questionnaire and qualitative method through online interview. Those frameworks show alignment in identified the main factors of user willingness to keep subscribing and the switching factors which are content offerings, price, convenience, attractive interface and brand trustworthiness. This lead to the proposed solution based on the framework used, TOWS matrix and Diamond Strategy Model which focus on improving the competitive advantage of Vidio’s service quality including its content offerings which requires completeness, exclusiveness and attractiveness, as well as product development of feature improvement, personalized recommendation, resolution quality to improve user experience, also strengthening strategic partnership and company driven marketing to enhance the brand attractiveness that will reflect on the consumer-driven marketing while balancing the price offers with the benefit provided. Lastly, implementing a new subscription pricing strategy by creating a special monthly subscription for high-demand content is needed to result in a healthier subscription lifecycle and to avoid churn users from weekly subscription.

Despite the fact that the green wave has spread globally over the hotel industry, the characteristics of an environmentally friendly tourist has not yet been clearly clarified and is still controversial. Therefore, the objective of this study is to describe the demographics and behavioral qualities of Vietnamese domestic tourists who are willing patrons in a green hotel. The results show that the distinguishing characteristics of green travelers seeking green lodging are that they belong to the young generation, are female, have high educational accomplishment, and have high levels of participation in daily eco-friendly activities.&#x0D; Keywords: Green tourist, environmentally friendly, demographic, involvement.&#x0D; References&#x0D; [1] Manaktola, K., and Jauhari, V., “Exploring consumer attitude and behavior towards green practices in the lodging industry in India”, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19 (2007) 5, 364-377.[2] Webster, F., “Determining the characteristics of the socially conscious consumer”, Journal of Consumer Research, 2 (1975) 12, 188-196.[3] Dolnicar, S., and Matus, K., “Are green tourists a managerially useful target segment?”, Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 17 (2008) 3-4, 314-334.[4] Dolnicar, S., Crouch, G., and Long, P., “Environment-friendly tourists: What do we really know about them?”, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16 (2008) 2,197-210.[5] Millar, M., and Mayer, K., “A profile of travelers who are willing to stay in environmentally friendly hotel”, Hospitality Review, 30 (2013) 2, 90-108.[6] Kasim, A., “Socio-environmentally responsible hotel business: Do tourists to Penang Island, Malaysia care?”, Journal of Hospitality &amp; Leisure Marketing, 11 (2004) 4, 5-28.[7] Smith, W., “Product differentiation and market segmentation as alternative marketing strategies”, Journal of Marketing, 21 (1956), 3-8.[8] Kotler, P., and Armstrong, G., Principles of marketing, (2011), 14th ed., Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.[9] Gitelson, R., and Kerstetter, D., “The relationship between sociodemographic variables, benefits sought and subsequent vacation behavior: A case study”, Journal of Travel Research, 28 (1990) 3, 24-29.[10] Quiroga, O., “Characteristics of package tourists in Europe”, Annals of Tourism Research, 17 (1990) 2, 185-207.[11] [11] Crossley, J., and Lee, B., “Characteristics of ecotourists and mass tourists”, Visions in Leisure and Business, 13 (1994) 2, 4-12.[12] Hsieh, S., O’Leary, J., and Morrison, A., “A comparison of package and non-package travelers from the United Kingdom”, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 3 (1994), 79-100.[13] Seaton, A., The analysis of tourism demand: Market segmentation. In Seaton, A. V. and Bennett, M. M. (Eds.), Marketing tourism products: Concepts, issues, cases, (1996), London: Thomson Business Press, pp. 28-54.[14] Legoherel, P., “Toward a market segmentation of the tourism trade: Expenditure levels and consumer behavior instability”, Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 7 (1998) 3, 19-39.[15] Mok, C., and Iverson, T., “Expenditure-based segmentation: Taiwanese tourist to Guam”, Tourism Management, 21 (2000) 3, 299-305.[16] Jackson, M., Inbakaran, R., and Schmierer, C., Rationalizing personality typologies in tourism? A lexical analysis, In Aicken, M. and Ryan, C. (Eds), Taking Tourism to the Limits Refereed Research Papers, (2003), University of Waikato Management School, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand, 338-360.[17] Inbakaran, R., and Jackson, M., “Understanding resort visitors through segmentation”, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 6 (2005) 1, 53-71.[18] Dimanche F., Havitz, M., and Howard, D., “Testing the involvement profile scale in the context of selected recreational and touristic activities”, Journal of Leisure Research, 23 (1991) 1, 51-66.[19] Wu, S., “An experimental study on the relationship between consumer involvement and advertising effectiveness”, Asis Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 13 (2001) 1, 43-56.[20] Zaichkowsky, J., “Measuring the involvement construct”, Journal of Consumer Research, 12 (1985), 341-352.[21] Lee, M., and Lou, Y., “Consumer reliance on intrinsic and extrinsic cues in product evaluations: A conjoint approach”, Journal of Applied Business Research, 12 (1995) 1, 21-28.[22] Amendah, E. and Park, J., “Consumer involvement and psychological antecedents on eco-friendly destinations: Willingness to pay more”, Journal of Hospitality and Leisure Marketing, 17 (2008) 3-4, 262-283.[23] Shrum, L., McCarty, J., and Lowrey, T., “Buyer characteristics of the green consumer and their implications for advertising strategy”, Journal of Advertising, 24 (1995) 2, 71-82.[24] Laroche, M., Bergeron, J., and Barbaro-Forleo, G., “Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products”, Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18 (2001) 6, 503-520.[25] Dolnicar, S. B., “Commonsense segmentation - A systematics of segmentation approaches in tourism”, Journal of Travel Research, 42 (2004) 3, 244-250.[26] Fairweather, J. R., Maslin, C., and Simmons, D. G., “Environmental Values and Response to Ecolabels Among International Visitors to New Zealand”, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 13 (2005) 1, 82-98.[27] Saad, G., and Gill, T., “Application of evolutionary psychology in marketing”, Psychology and Marketing, 17 (2000) 12, 1005-1034.[28] Eagly, A. H. , Sex differences in social behavior: A social-role interpretation, (1987), Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.[29] Konrad, A. M., Corrigall, E., Lieb, P., and Edgar Ritchie, J., “Sex Differences in Job Attribute Preferences among Managers and Business Students”, Group and Organization Management, 25 (2000) 2, 108-131.[30] McIntyre, R. P., Meloche, M. S., and Lewis, S. L., “National culture as a macro tool for environmental sensitivity segmentation”. In: Cravens, D. W., Dickson, P. R. (Eds.), AMA Summer Educators’ Conference Proceedings 4, (1993), American Marketing Association, Chicago, pp. 153-159.[31] Banerjee, B. and McKeage, K., “How green is my value: exploring the relationship between environmentalism and materialism”. In: Allen, C. T., John, D. R. (Eds.), Advances in Consumer Research 22. (1994), Association for Consumer Research, Provo, UT, pp. 147–152.[32] Homburg, C., and Giering, A., “Personal characteristics as moderators of the relationship between customer satisfaction and loyalty: an empirical analysis”, Psychology and Marketing, 18 (2001) 1, 43-66.[33] Im, S., Bayus, B. L., and Mason, C. H., “An empirical study of innate consumer innovativeness, personal characteristics, and new-product adoption behavior”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31 (2003) 1, 61-73.[34] Evanschitzky, H., and Wunderlich, M., “An examination of moderator effects: the four stage loyalty model”, Journal of Service Research, 8 (2006) 4, 330-345.[35] Wilson, M. A., ‘Nature Oriented Tourism in Ecuador: Assessment of Industry Structure and Development Needs’, FPEI Working Paper No. 20. Research Triangle Park, (1987), NC: Southeast Center for Forest. [36] Meric, H. J., and Hunt, J., “Ecotourists’ Motivational and Demographic Characteristics: A Case of North Carolina Travelers”, Journal of Travel Research, 36 (1998), 57-61.[37] Gilly, M. C., and Zeithaml, V. A., “The elderly consumer and adoption of technologies”, Journal of Consumer Research, 12 (1985), 353-357.[38] Keaveney, S. M., and Parthasarathy, M., “Customer switching behavior in online services: an exploratory study of the role of selected attitudinal, behavioral, and demographic factors”, Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 29 (2001) 4, 374-390.[39] Henion, K. E., “The effect of ecologically relevant information on detergent sales”, Journal of Marketing Research, 9 (1972), 10-14.[40] Roberts, J. A., “Green consumers in the 1990s: profile and implications for advertising”, Journal of Business Research, 36 (1996), 217-231.[41] Nguyen Thi Phuong Thao, “The Relationship between Eco-friendly Practices and Attitudes toward Green Hotels for Domestic Tourists”, VNU Journal of Science: Economics and Business, 33 (2017) 2, 101-111[42] Han, H., Hsu, L., and Lee, J., “Empirical investigation of the roles of attitudes toward green behaviors, overall image, gender, and age in hotel customers’ eco-friendly decision-making process”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28 (2009) 4, 519-528.

Abstract The yield strain behavior of trabecular bone has gained increased importance as evidence accumulates that remodeling and failure criteria can be expressed as a function of strain alone (Turner et al., 1997; Silva et al., 1998). These findings rely on the results of previous studies in which yield strains were found to be isotropic and generally independent of volume fraction (Turner, 1989; Kopperdahl and Keaveny, 1998; Chang et al., 1999), although relatively little work has been done to substantiate these results for human trabecular bone. Thorough consideration of the dependence of yield strain on volume fraction should include analyses of trabecular bone from different anatomic sites since site-dependent differences in trabecular architecture have been well-correlated with mechanical properties (Goulet et al., 1994). However, differences in testing protocols and in definitions of modulus and yield point (Linde, 1994) have led to discrepancies in reported yield strain values in the literature (Kopperdahl and Keaveny, 1998). This prevents inter-study comparisons of the yield strain behavior of human trabecular bone across different anatomic sites, and yet characterizing this behavior is a fundamental step both. In the validation of uniform strain adaptation models and in the development of failure criteria.