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Journal articles on the topic 'Kelio planas'
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Čygas, Donatas, Vilma Jasiūnienė, and Mantas Bartkevičius. "ASSESSMENT OF SPECIAL PLANS AND TECHNICAL DESIGNS WITH REGARD TO TRAFFIC SAFETY." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 15, no. 4 (2009): 411–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1392-3730.2009.15.411-418.
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Traffic safety situation in Lithuania, despite the progress made in 2008, is still not good enough compared to the other European Union countries. Therefore, Lithuania implements the traffic safety improvement measures affecting all the elements of the traffic safety system “Road user‐road‐vehicle”. In 2008 Lithuania started implementing the road safety audit procedure which substantially contributes to the improvement of safety situation on Lithuanian roads. This article gives the analysis of road safety audits of special plans and technical designs for road construction and reconstruction in Lithuania, makes the analysis of the main deficiencies of plans and designs and gives recommendations for their elimination. Santrauka Eismo saugumo situacija Lietuvoje, nepaisant 2008 m. pasiektos pažangos, vis dar yra nepakankamai gera, palyginti su kitomis Europos Sąjungos šalimis. Atsižvelgiant į tai, Lietuvoje įgyvendinamos eismo saugumo gerinimo priemonės, darančios įtaką visiems eismo saugumo sistemos „Eismo dalyvis–kelias–transporto priemonė“ elementams. Lietuvoje 2008 m. buvo pradėta taikyti kelių saugumo audito procedūra, kuri prisideda prie eismo saugumo gerinimo Lietuvos automobilių keliuose. Straipsnyje pateikta Lietuvoje atliktų specialiųjų planų ir automobilių kelių tiesimo bei rekonstrukcijos techninių projektų kelių saugumo auditų analizė, išanalizuoti pagrindiniai planų ir projektų trūkumai, pateiktos rekomendacijos jiems šalinti.
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Strėlkutė, Asta, and Jolita Bradulienė. "CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION IN THE SOIL POLLUTED WITH BISHOPHIT USED IN WINTER AND ITS EFFECT ON HERBACEOUS PLANTS / CHLORIDŲ KONCENTRACIJA DIRVOŽEMYJE, UŽTERŠTAME ŽIEMOS METU NAUDOJAMU BIŠOFITU, IR POVEIKIS ŽOLINIAMS AUGALAMS." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 6, no. 4 (2014): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2014.53.
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For road maintenance in winter, various chemical reagents, considering their physical and chemical properties, are chosen taking into account economic indicators. After a long winter season, large amounts of chemical reagents are used. During the winter season, dusting chlorides, first of all, fall on the roadway and a part of those reach roadsides where directly pollute the soil of the buffer zone and affect vegetation during the growing season. Chloride content in soil reduces the absorption of nutrients, which hinders the development of plants. It also has an effect on the metabolism of soil organisms, and therefore the loss of soil fertility. Due to high chloride content, land becomes unsuitable for plant growth. Studies used different concentrations (9 ml, 12 ml and 46 ml) of bishophit. Chloride concentration in soil extract has been determined applying the volumetric method and employing silver nitrate titration. It has been determined that the amount of chloride in the soil contaminated with 9 ml makes 89.21 mg/kg, 12 ml – 94, 25 mg/kg and 164.32 mg/kg. Kelių priežiūrai žiemą naudojami įvairūs cheminiai reagentai, kurie parenkami atsižvelgiant į ekonominius rodiklius, svarbios yra jų fizinės bei cheminės savybės. Esant ilgam ir snieguotam žiemos sezonui, naudojami dideli kiekiai cheminių reagentų, kurie, atšilus orams, pasklinda aplinkoje ir daro neigiamą įtaką. Žiemą barstomi chloridai pirmiausia patenka ant važiuojamosios kelio dalies, dalis chloridų patenka ant kelkraščių, kur tiesiogiai teršia pakelėse esantį apsauginės zonos dirvožemį bei vegetacijos periodo augaliją. Chloridų kaupimasis dirvožemyje – viena svarbiausių ekosistemoms kylančių fiziologinių grėsmių. Chloridų kiekis dirvožemyje sumažina maistingųjų medžiagų pasisavinimą ir tai trukdo vystytis augalams. Taip pat tai turi poveikį dirvožemio organizmų medžiagų apykaitai, ir dėl to mažėja dirvožemio derlingumas. Dėl didelio chloridų kiekio žemė tampa netinkama augalams augti. Tyrimams naudojama skirtingų koncentracijų (9 ml, 12 ml, 46 ml) bišofitas. Chloridų koncentracija dirvožemio ekstrakte nustatoma tūriniu metodu, titruoti naudojant sidabro nitratą. Nustatyta, kad chloridų kiekis 9 ml užterštame dirvožemyje yra 8,388 mg/kg, 12 ml – 10,197 mg/kg, 28,19 mg/kg.
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Misganaw, Chanie Derso, and Walelign Demisie Bayou. "Tuber Yield and Yield Component Performance of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Varieties in Fafen District, Ethiopia." International Journal of Agronomy 2020 (April 13, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5836452.
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Since there is a variety of performance in cassava varieties for different agroecologies and there was no cassava production before in Ethiopian Somali regional state, Fafen district in particular. Investigation of the performance of higher tuber yielded cassava variety is the main concern for this study. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate tuber yield performance of cassava varieties. To do so, four varieties (kello, Qulle, Hawassa-4, and Chichu) were collected from Hawassa Agricultural Research Center and planted in Fafen district where there is arid climatic condition. Thirty-centimeter-long stakes were planted with 1 m × 1 m intra- and inter-row spacing with Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). There were four rows, five plants per row and twenty plants per plot. Phenological, growth, and agronomic parameters were analyzed using SAS software; mean differences were compared using LSD at p≤0.05. The result revealed that days to 50% establishment of the stem cuttings of variety “Qulle” were performed within 15.6 days. Among all varieties, Chichu and Hawassa-4 had the highest number of plant stand count, 88.3 and 86.7%, respectively. The highest number of mean multiplication ratio, secondary branches per plant, and mean plant height were obtained with variety “Qulle.” With regards to tuber yield and its components, there was significant difference among understudied cassava varieties. The highest tuber yield (23.93 t/ha) was registered in variety “Hawassa-4” followed by Kello (19.90 t/ha) and Qulle (18.73 t/ha). It implies that variety “Hawassa-4” performed best in the test area and hence recommended in test area.
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Hosseini, Seyed Ataollah, Mohammad Reza Mazrae, Majid Lotfalian та Aidin Parsakhoo. "DESIGNING AN OPTIMAL FOREST ROAD NETWORK BY CONSIDERATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN GIS OPTIMALIŲ MIŠKO KELIŲ TINKLO PROJEKTAVIMAS ĮVERTINUS POVEIKĮ APLINKAI GIS PROGRAMA / ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ OПTИMAЛЬHOЙ CETИ ЛECHЫX ДOPOГ С УЧЕТОМ BOЗДEЙCTBИЯ HA OKPYЖAЮЩYЮ CPEДY, ОЦЕНЕННОГО С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ГИС". Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 20, № 1 (2012): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2012.662748.
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Planning of forest road network is the most important issue for sustainable management of northern forests in Iran. This study represented a technical method of forest road planning by using GIS (Geographic Information Systems) in Vatan forestry plan of Golestan province, Iran. The aim of this study was to find out options for the optimization of skid trail length and for decreasing the negative effects of redundant skid trail length. Results of this study showed that the total length of forest road and the road network density was 36745 m and 8.68 m ha−1, respectively. 54% of the area was covered by these roads. 98.06 km skid trail was planned from road verge into the forest interior. The density of this skidding trail was 23.17 m ha−1. The suggested road network length measured using GIS was 47.23 km. Road density was 10.87 m ha−1, with 79% coverage. Skid trail length was 81.04 km, and skid trail density was 19.15 m ha−1. On the basis of GIS measurements, the skid trails on new road network system had shorter length and more frequency. This causes to decrease the cost of primary transportation. Moreover, in this plan the roads with suitable coverage passed from stable slopes. Santrauka Miško kelių tinklo planavimas – viena svarstomų problemų, siekiant užtikrinti tvarią miškotvarkos sistemą šiaurinėje Irano dalyje esančiuose miškuose. Šiame straipsnyje pristatomas miško kelių planavimo techninis metodas, taikant GIS (geografinės informacinės sistemos) programą ir naudojant Vatan miško, Golestan provincijoje, Irane, planus. Šio tyrimo tikslas – išsiaiškinti galimybes, kaip optimizuoti miško keliukų ilgį ir sumažinti neigiamą poveikį miškui, mažinant perteklinį šių keliukų trasos ilgį. Pirminiai rezultatai parodė, kad bendras esamų kelių ilgis siekia 36 745 km, kelių tinklas aprėpė 54% visos tiriamosios teritorijos, tankis siekė 8,68 m ha−1, o optimalus miško kelių tinklas buvo rengiamas pagal esamą 98,06 km ilgio miško keliukų tinklą, kurio tankis – 23,17 m ha−1. Bendras siūlomo kelių tinklo ilgis siekia 47,23 km, tankumas – 10,87 m ha−1, jis aprėpia 79% teritorijos. Miško keliukų ilgis – 81,04 km, tankumas – 19,15 m·ha−1. Remiantis GIS matavimais, naujo miško keliukų tinklo keliukai buvo trumpesni, tačiau jų tinklas tankesnis. Dėl šios priežasties mažėja pirminės transporto išlaidos ir sukuriama optimali miško keliukų aprėptis, pagerinamas prieinamumas. Резюме Планирование сети лесных дорог является одним из важнейших вопросов при создании упорядоченной системылесохозяйствования в северной части Ирана. В статье представлен технический метод планирования лесохозяйственной деятельности (прокладки дорог) с использованием ГИС и плана леса Ватан в провинции Гулистан Ирана. Целью исследования было выяснить возможности оптимизации длины лесных дорог и уменьшениянегативных последствий их избыточной длины. Результаты исследования показали, что общая протяженность существующих лесных дорог составляет 36 745 км, сеть дорог охватывает 54% всей исследованной территории,ее плотность – 8,68 м га−1. Оптимальная сеть лесных дорог создавалась на основании имеющейся сети лесных дорог, протяженность которой 98,06 км, плотность – 23,17 м гa−1. Протяженность предлагаемой сети дорог составит 47,23 км, плотность – 10,87 м гa−1, она охватит 79% территории. Длина лесных дорог составит 81,04 км, а плотность – 19,15 м·гa−1. На основании измерений, проведенных с использованием ГИС, длина дорог лесной сети стала короче, а сеть более густой. В связи с этим снижаются первичные затраты на транспорт, охват леснымидорогами становится более оптимальным, увеличивается доступность.
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Markert, Bernd, Simone Wünschmann, and Edita Baltrėnaitė. "INNOVATIVE OBSERVATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT. BIOINDICATORS AND BIOMONITORS: DEFINITIONS, STRATEGIES AND APPLICATIONS / APLINKOS STEBĖSENOS NAUJOVĖS. BIOINDIKATORIAI IR BIOMONITORIAI: APIBRĖŽTYS, STRATEGIJOS IR TAIKYMAS." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 20, no. 3 (2012): 221–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2011.633338.
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For a number of years “classical” programs for environmental monitoring are being supplemented by bioindication measures. Investigations on living organisms or their remains (e.g. peat) are used to indicate the environmental situation in either qualitative (bioindication) or quantitative (biomonitoring) terms. This provides pieces of information on environmental burdens of a region at a given point of time or on its changes with time (trend analysis). Classical bioindication often deals with observation and measurements of chemical noxae (both inorganic and organic ones) in well-defined bio-indicator plants or animals (including man). In terms of analytical procedures and results there are parallel developments between progresses in bioindication and innovation in analytical methods. After some 30 years of development in bioindication there are now the following newer lines for further development: 1) more frequent inclusion of multi-element total analyses for a thorough investigation of mutual correlations in the sense of the Biological System of Elements; 2) more work on (analytical) speciation issues to proceed into real effect-oriented environmental sciences; and 3) there should and must be a focus on integrative bioindication methods because for a large number of environmental monitoring problems a single bioindicator will not provide any meaningful information: a single bioindicator is about as good as none at all. Integrative concepts such as the Multi-Markered Bioindication Concept (MMBC) provide basic means to get into precautionary environmental protection effects drawing upon such a second-generation bioindication methodology. The selected case studies in Lithuania illiustrate some new aspects for the development of integrative bioindication consept. Santrauka Jau keletą metų „klasikinės“ aplinkos stebėjimo programos yra papildomos bioindikacinėmis priemonėmis. Atliekami gyvųjų organizmų arba jų liekanų (pvz., durpių) tyrimai, siekiant nustatyti aplinkos būklę kokybiniu (bioindikacija) arba kiekybiniu (biostebėsena) požiūriu. Taip gáunama informacijos apie regiono aplinkos problemas tam tikru metu arba aplinkos pokyčius laikui bėgant (tendencijų analizė). Taikant klasikinę bioindikaciją dažnai stebimos ir organinės, ir neorganinės cheminės medžiagos, matuojamos jų koncentracijos tiksliai nustatytuose bioindikatoriniuose augaluose arba gyvūnuose (taip pat ir žmogaus organizme). Kalbant apie analizines procedūras ir rezultatus, pastebimos panašios bioindikatorių tobulinimo ir naujų analizinių metodų plėtojimo tendencijos. Bioindikacijos plėtrai vykstant jau beveik 30 metų, išskirtinos tam tìkros tolesnės plėtotės tendencijos: 1) atliekant išsamius elementų biologinės sistemos tarpusavio sąsajų tyrimus dažniau pasirenkama kelių elementų bendroji analizė; 2) daugiau dirbama (analizinis darbas) sprendžiant naujų rūšių atsiradimo klausimus siekiant pereiti prie aplinkos mokslų, nukreiptų į tikrąjį poveikį; 3) daugiau dėmesio skiriama kompleksiniams bioindikaciniams metodams, nes esant daugybei aplinkos stebėsenos problemų, pavienis bioindikatorius daug vertingos informacijos neteikia. Kompleksinės koncepcijos, pavyzdžiui, daugiaženklės bioindikacijos koncepcija, remdamosi antrosios kartos bioindikacijos metodika, numato paprastų aplinkos apsaugos prevencijos priemonių. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiami tyrimų, atliktų Lietuvoje, pavyzdžiai iliustruoja kelis naujus aspektus formuojant kompleksinę bioindikacijos koncepciją.
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Sivilevičius, Henrikas, and Šarūnas Šukevičius. "MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES AND DYNAMICS OF HOT‐MIX ASPHALT MIXTURE PRODUCTION." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 15, no. 2 (2009): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1392-3730.2009.15.169-179.
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In most countries, the pavement of motor roads, airfields and other trafficked areas is made of hot‐mix asphalt (HMA) mixture prepared by asphalt mixing plants (AMP) of various designs. The total output of HMA mixtures shows the dynamics of national road transport infrastructure's development, corresponding to the increasing number of vehicles, traffic intensity and axle loading. HMA mixtures are made by using various technologies, which have some advantages and disadvantages. The paper presents technological schemes of making HMA mixtures used in Lithuania and other countries. The development of AMP and technical and technological characteristics of new computer‐aided AMP models used at various asphalt production companies (APC) were analysed. Based on the data provided by the European Asphalt Pavement Association (EAPA), the correlational‐regression relation between the country's area and the amount of the produced HMA mixtures was established. The data on the total output of HMA mixtures in Lithuania cannot be found in the information provided by EAPA. For the first time, the dynamics of the production of HMA mixtures by particular APC in Lithuania over the last 10 years (1998–2007) has been determined based on the data directly obtained from their manufacturers. The data were analysed and compared to the output of HMA mixtures in other countries and the dynamics of the development of AMP models used in Lithuania and changes in their numbers were determined. Santrauka Daugelyje šalių automobilių kelių, skridimo aikštelių ir kitų eismo zonų danga įrengiama iš karšto maišymo asfalto (KMA) mišinio, pagaminto skirtingos konstrukcijos asfaltbetonio maišytuvuose (ABM). KMA mišinio gamybos apimtys rodo šalies kelių transporto infrastruktūros plėtros dinamiką ir atitiktį didėjantį automobilių skaičių, jų eismo intensyvumą ir ašies apkrovas. KMA mišinys gaminamas taikant skirtingas technologijas, turinčias privalumų ir trūkumų. Darbe pateiktos Lietuvos Respublikos ir kitų šalių KMA mišinių gamybos technologijos schemos. Išanalizuota ABM tobulinimo raida ir įmonėse veikiančių naujų modelių kompiuteriais valdomų ABM techninės ir technologinės charakteristikos. Naudojant European Asphalt Pavement Association (EAPA) duomenis, gauta koreliacinė-regresinė šalies ploto ir pagaminto KMA mišinio kiekio sietis. EAPA skelbiamoje informacijoje nėra duomenų, rodančių suminius Lietuvoje pagaminto KMA mišinių kiekius. Pirmą kartą iš asfalto mišinių gamintojų surinkus ir susisteminus duomenis, tiesiogiai gauta 10 metų (1998–2007) Lietuvos Respublikos asfaltbetonio gamyklose (ABG) pagaminto KMA mišinių kiekio dinamika ir ji palyginta su kitose šalyse pagaminto KMA mišinio kiekiais. Atlikta Lietuvoje veikiančių ABM modelių ir skaičiaus kaitos dinamika.
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Jokštaitė, Kristina, and Birutė Pociūtė. "STUDENTŲ ĮSIPAREIGOJIMAS PROFESIJAI: PASITENKINIMO PROFESINIU PASIRINKIMU, KARJEROS ASPIRACIJŲ IR KARJEROS ADAPTYVUMO SĄSAJOS." Psichologija 49 (January 1, 2014): 60–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/psichol.2014.49.3693.
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Profesinis pasirinkimas yra svarbus žingsnis karjeros raidoje. Tačiau dažnai profesijos pasirinkimas, jau nekalbant apie būsimos karjeros pasirinkimą, yra nepakankamai racionalus, nemotyvuotas ar atsitiktinai priimtas sprendimas. Net ir sėkmingas profesijos pasirinkimas, kuris atitinka studento galimybes, norus ir rinkos poreikius, neužtikrina, kad asmuo baigęs studijas rinksis karjeros kelią, susijusį su profesija. Įsipareigojimas profesijai yra susijęs su pasitenkinimu profesiniu pasirinkimu, lūkesčiais dėl būsimo darbo, patirtimis studijų metu, galiausiai, studento profesinius ketinimus gali veikti jo gebėjimas rinkti informaciją apie save ir savo karjeros galimybes, priimti karjeros sprendimus bei įveikti karjeros kelyje kilusius iššūkius. Tyrimo tikslas buvo ištirti profesinio mokymo įstaigų, kolegijų ir universitetų studentų įsipareigojimo profesijai sąsajas su pasitenkinimu profesiniu pasirinkimu, karjeros aspiracijomis ir karjeros adaptyvumu.Tyrimo dalyviai – 356 skirtingų mokymo įstaigų studentai: 103 (29,78 %) – profesinio mokymo įstaigų, 108 (30,34 %) – kolegijų, 142 (39,88 %) – universitetų bakalauro studijų studentai. Tyrime buvo naudotos šios priemonės: anketa, Karjeros aspiracijų skalė (Gray & O’Brien, 2007), Karjeros adaptyvumo skalė (Savickas & Porfeli, 2012), Pasitenkinimo profesiniu pasirinkimu skalė, Įsipareigojimo profesijai skalė.Gauti rezultatai atskleidė, kad profesinio mokymo įstaigų, kolegijų ir universitetų studentų įsipareigojimo profesijai ir jo veiksnių raiška šiek tiek skiriasi, tačiau vyrauja emocinis įsipareigojimas profesijai. Pasitenkinimas profesiniu pasirinkimu ir studijomis turi teigiamas sąsajas su studentų emociniu, normatyviniu ir apskaičiuotų investicijų įsipareigojimu profesijai. Studentų emocinis įsipareigojimas teigiamai susijęs su karjeros adaptyvumu. Karjeros aspiracijos ir įsipareigojimas profesijai turi sąsajų su studentų ateities planais. Aukštesnės karjeros aspiracijos būdingos tiems studentams, kuriems būdingas geresnis karjeros adaptyvumas, didesnis pasitenkinimas profesiniu pasirinkimu. Didesni ribotų alternatyvų įsipareigojimo įverčiai yra susiję su mažesniais karjeros adaptyvumo įverčiais ir žemesnėmis karjeros aspiracijomis.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: įsipareigojimas profesijai, karjeros adaptyvumas, karjeros aspiracijos, pasitenkinimas profesijos pasirinkimu.
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Cheng, Li, Fei Wang, Shun Bo Zhang, and Qiu Yun You. "Network Pharmacology Integrated Molecular Docking Reveals the Anti-COVID-19 and SARS Mechanism of Fufang Banlangen Keli." Natural Product Communications 16, no. 1 (2021): 1934578X2098842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x20988420.
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Purpose Fufang Banlangen Keli (FBK) has been recommended for its clinical treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), but the mechanism of action is unclear. So, using network pharmacology and molecular docking, we studied the active components and mechanism of FBK in the treatment of COVID-19 and SARS. Methods The Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform were used to screen the active components by oral bioactivity and drug likeness. Then, PharmMapper and SwissTargetPrediction databases were used to screen potential target genes of active components; the related target genes of COVID-19 and SARS were obtained from the GeneCards database. The intersection of the active components and disease-related targets was performed by the Venny2.1.0 database. The DAVID6.8 database and KOBAS3.0 database were used to get gene ontology (GO) function enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotation of gene targets. The “components-targets-pathways (C-T-P)” network of FBK was conducted by Cytoscape3.6.1 software. The top active components, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and SARS-CoV-2 3 Cl, were imported into AutoDock and PyMOL for molecular docking. Results From the FBK, a total of 28 active components and 73 gene targets were screened through network pharmacology. Twenty pathways were analyzed, including pathways in cancer, nod-like receptor signaling pathway, and pancreatic cancer, etc. ( P < 0.05). A total of 337 items were obtained by GO functional enrichment analysis ( P < 0.05), including 257 items for biological process, 38 items for cell composition, and 42 items for molecular function. Furthermore, molecular docking studies were performed to study potential binding between the key gene targets and selected active components. Conclusion Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, qingdainone, (2Z)-2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene) indolin-3-one, sinensetin, and acacetin in FBK were verified to bind to ACE2 and SARS-COV-2 3 Cl, so as to treat COVID-19 and SARS.
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REIMO, TIIU, and KURMO KONSA. "ESTIŠKŲ LEIDINIŲ RAUDONOJI KNYGA, 1535–1850: PATIRTIS IR PAMOKOS." Knygotyra 56 (January 1, 2011): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/kn.v56i0.1513.
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Tallinn University, Institute of Information Studies25 Narva Road, 10120 Tallinn, EstoniaE-mail: tiiu.reimo@tlu.eeUniversity of Tartu, Institute of History and Archaeology3 Lossi str., 50090 Tartu, EstoniaE-mail: kurmo.konsa@ut.eeIšsaugoti ateities kartoms socialinę, mokslinę ir kultūrinę reikšmę turinčius objektus yra vienas iš svarbiausių visuomenės iššūkių. Šiandienos informacijos institucijoms iškyla vienas iš sudėtingiausių uždavinių – apibrėžti šių kultūros objektų išsaugojimo prioritetus. Ši procedūra labai atsakinga, nes padaryti sprendimai lems ateities kartoms reikiamos įsisavinti informacijos kiekį. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama patirtis ir pamokos, su kuriomis buvo susidurta 2003–2006 metais vykdant projektą „Estiškų leidinių Raudonoji knyga, 1535–1850“. Projekto metu iškilo būtinybė apibrėžti Estijos knygos paveldo išsaugojimo strategiją ir skaitmeninimo principus. Ypatingas dėmesys buvo kreipiamas į specialios metodikos sukūrimo ir kruopščiai apgalvotų kultūriškai vertingų objektų vertinimo kriterijų svarbą. Kiekvieno leidinio vertei patikrinti buvo naudojami tie patys kriterijai, kaip ir nustatant knygos retumą: leidinio kultūrinė vertė, t. y. knygą veikiantis kultūrinis ir socialinis kontekstas; prieinamumas, t. y. knygos išlikusių egzempliorių skaičius ir su tuo susijusi išlikimo rizika, kitaip – leidinio fizinė būklė. Kiekvienas kriterijus buvo tikrinamas keletu rodiklių. Projekto rezultatas – 413 didelės kultūrinės reikšmės knygų estų kalba, kurioms iškilusi išlikimo grėsmė. Jos buvo kataloguotos ir išleistos kompaktine plokštele „Eesti trükise punane raamat I: 1535–1850“ (Tallinn, 2006), kurią parengė Estijos nacionalinė biblioteka. Šis sąrašas taip pat skelbiamas internete. Iki šiol bibliotekos specialistai naudojasi projekto rezultatais kasdieniame darbe: tikrinama Raudonojoje knygoje esamų leidinių fizinė būklė ir, jeigu reikia, jie įtraukiami į konservavimo planus. Siekiant išvengti unikalių leidinių nusidėvėjimo, buvo padarytos jų kopijos. 2009 metais Estijos mokslinių bibliotekų konsorciumo Mikrofilmavimo ir skaitmeninimo grupė subūrė dvi komandas tęsti Raudonosios knygos projektą. 2010 metais šis konsorciumas patvirtino senųjų knygų ir knygų, įtrauktų į Raudonąją knygą, skaitmeninimo gaires. Knyga skaitmeninama visa – nuo pirmojo viršelio iki paskutiniojo, su visais tuščiais lapais, marginalijomis, nuosavybės ženklais ir kt. Paprastai skaitmeninamas visas vienas egzempliorius, tik išimtiniais atvejais – iš kelių egzempliorių. 2010 metais prasidėjo projekto „Estiškų leidinių raudonoji knyga“ antroji dalis. Iki 2012 metų pabaigos bus skaitmeninta ir viešai prieinama iki 100 tūkst. senųjų estiškų leidinių puslapių.
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Selivanova, M. V., E. S. Romanenko, T. S. Aysanov, E. A. Mironova, N. A. Esaulko, and M. S. German. "Efficiency of application of silicon-containing fertilizers in low-volume cucumber growing technology Cyborg F1." Vegetable crops of Russia, no. 6 (December 26, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2020-6-25-30.
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Relevance. Cucumber in the Russian Federation in protected ground in terms of growing areas and production volume is the first, its share in the total production of greenhouse products in recent years accounts for about 50-55%. Scientific research confirms the positive effect of silicon-containing agrochemicals on the intensity of metabolic processes in the plant body, which is manifested in increasing the yield of commercial products, resistance to adverse environmental factors, and the realization of the biological potential of crops. Methods. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effect of silicon – containing fertilizers on the productivity of Cyborg F1 cucumber in low-volume cultivation technology. The research was conducted in the winter-spring period of 2020 in the conditions of a winter glazed greenhouse of the greenhouse complex of the Stavropol state agrarian university. The objects of research were cucumber Cyborg F1, fertilizers Kelik Potassium Silicon, Siliplant, Forris, Bio Silicium. Fertilizers were applied to foliar top dressing three times during the cucumber growing season. All microclimate conditions in the greenhouse were regulated automatically using the Sercom climate program. Mineral wool was used as a substrate. Results. Fertilizing with silicon – containing fertilizers increased the degree of assimilation of nutrients by plants of cucumber Cyborg F1: the nitrogen content in the drainage solution decreased by 6-26 mg/l, phosphorus – by 4-8 mg/l, and potassium-by 18-34 mg/l. The use of silicon-containing fertilizers contributed to an increase in the area of cucumber leaves compared to the control by 1.6-3.1%, the yield of standard products-by 3.7-8.1%, yield-by 0.9-2.5 kg/m2, and a decrease in the degree of ovary death – by 2.0-3.5%. When using silicon-containing fertilizers, the quality of cucumber products improved. Thus, in the conditions of the sixth light zone, to increase the yield of Cyborg F1 cucumber in low-volume cultivation technology, it is recommended to use silicon-containing fertilizers Siliplant and Forris, which provides an increase relative to the control of 7.4 and 9.2%, respectively.
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Lahdenperä, Pertti. "PHASED MULTI‐TARGET AREAL DEVELOPMENT COMPETITIONS: ALGORITHMS FOR COMPETITOR ALLOCATION." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 13, no. 1 (2009): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648-715x.2009.13.1-22.
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The prevailing practice in new areal real estate development is for public and private actors to perform their duties by turns. Yet, the planning process could benefit from simultaneous contributions from society and developers and their designers. That, again, requires that the municipality selects the private partner consortia prior to completion of the local detailed plan through a competition in order to find the most potential actors and the best ideas for implementation of an urban structure of high quality. Candidates will be attracted by offering them the right to implement a residential/business block as a developer. The several blocks involved in an areal development project, and the laboriousness of producing competitive solutions, require a well planned selection process. A novel multi‐target competition process was developed which is presented in this paper with special emphasis on the allocation algorithms that allow selecting the most qualified competitors for parallel follow-up competitions from among a large group of registered candidates. The approach was tested in an actual real estate development project in the municipal district of Vuores which was the original reason for launching the study. Santruka Pletojant nekilnojamaji turta naujose teritorijose, vieši ir privatūs asmenys dažniausiai savo pareigas vykdo paeiliui. Tačiau planavimo procesui būtu tik geriau, jei tuo pačiu metu prisidetu ir visuomene, ir vystytojai, ir projektuotojai. Tam velgi reikia, kad savivaldybe paskelbtu konkursa ir pasirinktu privačiu partneriu grupes prieš užbaigdama vietini detaluji plana didžiausia potenciala turintiems dalyviams aptikti ir geriausioms idejoms surinkti, kokybiškai miesto struktūrai išvystyti. Kai teritoriju pletros projektas apima kelis kvartalus, o kuriant konkurencingus sprendimus idedama daug darbo, reikia gerai suplanuoto atrankos proceso. Yra sukurtas novatoriškas daugiatikslis konkurso procesas, pristatomas šiame darbe, daugiau demesio skiriama paskirstymo algoritmams, kuriuos naudojant iš daugybes registruotu kandidatu galima atrinkti tinkamiausius tolesniems tuo pat metu vykdomiems konkursams. Toks būdas patikrintas realiame nekilnojamojo turto pletros projekte, kuris vyko Vuores savivaldybes teritorijoje, ir būtent del šios priežasties pradetas šis tyrimas.
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Takeuchi, Masashi, Hirofumi Kawakubo, Shuhei Mayanagi, et al. "RA10.04: POSTOPERATIVE PNEUMONIA IS ASSOCIATED WITH SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM MORTALITY OF DEFINITIVE CHEMORADIOTHERAPY FOLLOWED BY SALVAGE ESOPHAGECTOMY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER." Diseases of the Esophagus 31, Supplement_1 (2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/dote/doy089.ra10.04.
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Abstract Background Although definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with salvage esophagectomy has improved overall survival (OS) for esophageal cancer, it is a more invasive approach than neoadjuvant CRT followed by surgery or surgery alone, and causes high mortality after surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short and long-term outcomes of salvage esophagectomy, to determine their prognostic factors, and to create a prediction model for OS using a classification and regression tree (CART). Methods Ninety patients who had undergone CRT followed by esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer at Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, between June 1994 and August 2014 were identified for this study. We divided the 90 patients into two groups—the salvage group and the neoadjuvant group—according to the dose of irradiation of CRT. Forty-four patients who underwent CRT with radiation dose less than 50 Gy, followed by planned esophagectomy, were allocated to the neoadjuvant group. Forty-six patients with salvage esophagectomy for locally recurrent or residual cancer after definitive CRT (greater than 50 Gy) were allocated to the salvage group. Results Patients from the salvage group tended to have a lower OS (median survival: Salvage, 25 months vs neoadjuvant, 50 months, P = 0.149). In the salvage group, pneumonia and age were identified as factors predictive of in-hospital mortality. OS was significantly lower in patients with postoperative pneumonia and female gender. We set the prediction model for OS in the salvage group using survival CART. The group of R1/2 resection aged ≥ 56.5 years and the group suffering from postoperative pneumonia were the groups at highest risk; the area under the curve was 0.72. Conclusion The present study demonstrates the short-term and long-term prognostic factors of salvage esophagectomy after definitive CRT for esophageal cancer. Achieving improvement in OS after salvage surgery requires increased R0 resection rates and decreased pulmonary complications. Both informed decision making in the adoption of salvage surgery and specific plans to reduce pneumonia through means such as pulmonary rehabilitation are required. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
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Onisawa, Takehisa. "Special Issue on Selected Papers in SCIS & ISIS 2004 – No.2." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 9, no. 3 (2005): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2005.p0225.
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The Joint Conference of the 2nd International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems and the 5th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent Systems (SCIS & ISIS 2004) held at Keio University in Yokohama, Japan, on September 21-24, 2004, attracted over 300 papers in fields such as mathematics, urban and transport planning, entertainment, intelligent control, learning, image processing, clustering, neural networks applications, evolutionary computation, system modeling, fuzzy measures, and robotics. The Program Committee requested reviewers in SCIS & ISIS 2004 to select papers for a special issue of the Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence & Intelligent Informatics (JACIII), with 27 papers accepted for publication in a two-part SCIS & ISIS 2004 special – Vol.9, No.2, containing 13 and the second part containing 14. Paper 1 details tap-changer control using neural networks. Papers 2-5 deal with image processing and recognition – Paper 2 proposing a model of saliency-driven scene learning and recognition and applying its model to robotics, paper 3 discussing breast cancer recognition using evolutionary algorithms, paper 4 covering a revised GMDH-typed neural network model applied to medical image recognition, paper 5 presenting how to compensate for missing information in the acquisition of visual information applied to autonomous soccer robot control. Paper 6 details gene expressions networks for 4 fruit fly development stages. Paper 7 proposes an α-constrained particle swarm optimized for solving constrained optimization problem. Paper 8 develops a fuzzy-neuro multilayer perceptron using genetic algorithms for recognizing odor mixtures. Paper 9 discusses how to integrate symbols into neural networks for the fusion of computational and symbolic processing and its effectiveness demonstrated through simulations. Paper 10 proposes an electric dictionary using a set of nodes and links whose usefulness is verified in experiments. Paper 11 presents a multi-agent algorithm for a class scheduling problem, showing its feasibility through computer simulation. Paper 12 proposes inductive temporal formula specification in system verification, reducing memory and time in the task of system verification. Paper 13 applies an agent-based approach to modeling transport using inductive learning by travelers and an evolutionary approach. The last paper analyzes architectural floor plans using a proposed index classifying floor plans from the user's point of view. We thank reviewers for their time and effort in making these special issues available so quickly, and thank the JACIII editorial board, especially Editor-in-Chief Profs. Hirota and Fukuda and Managing Editor Kenta Uchino, for their invaluable aid and advice in putting these special issues together.
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Grecevičius, Petras, Algimantas M. Olšauskas, and Ramunė Urbonienė. "AUGALŲ ĮTAKOS PASTATO ARCHITEKTŪRINEI RAIŠKAI MIESTOVAIZDYJE EKOLOGINIAI IR KOMPOZICINIAI ASPEKTAI." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 35, no. 3 (2011): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tpa.2011.23.
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In the last few years, a negative impact on the environmental values of the Lithuanian urban landscape was made by an increasingly growing urbanization: more densely situated buildings, growing areas of solid concrete or other surface, less and less space for greenery. Soon, roofs shall be equipped not only with antennas, but also with solar collectors and small wind turbines. All this will undoubtedly have an impact on the architectural expression of buildings and landscapes and in the near future, the impact will become even more significant. To achieve high aesthetic value and ecological stability of Lithuanian urban landscapes, the necessary number of studies are required as well as regulatory planning and legislative measures to guarantee the high quality of landscapes not only in the coming years, but in the long term as well. Dust and gas polluted air creates major threat to human health in urban areas. Atmospheric air saturated with harmful substances penetrates into residential housing, hospitals, educational institutions and classrooms, and industrial premises. Indoor air is saturated with chemicals and substances, such as xylene, benzene, formaldehyde, ammonia, acetone and others, are released by building materials and furniture. Besides, there is also human and bio-depleted air. Free planting of trees and shrubs, flowers, grass, balcony attached trays, and plants in pots at the premises is no longer sufficient in urban areas.. Drastic architectural and urbanistic measures are required to help people in the city to restore the natural environment. We are children of nature and we have to move closer to it. To hide urban monotony, considerable efforts have to be made: plans – our friends – should take their places on building roofs and walls, balconies and terraces. This article analyses some of sustainable development issues particular to a Lithuanian city and associated with new technologies pertaining to urban landscape, urban spaces and architectural buildings, architecture, and environment. Some preliminary proposals for possible solutions to improve the basic architecture of buildings and townscapes to enrich the life of new high-quality brands are offered. Santrauka Pastaruoju laikotarpiu Lietuvos miestų kraštovaizdyje vis labiau daugėja urbanizacijos ženklų, darančių negatyvų poveikį aplinkos estetinėms vertybėms ir gyvenimo kokybei. Tankėja užstatymas, vis mažiau vietos lieka želdiniams, didėja kietų betoninių ar kt. paviršių plotas. Ant pastatų stogų įrengiami pavieniai saulės kolektoriai, antenos, mažosios vėjo jėgainės ir kt. Augalai išstumiami iš renovuojamų daugiabučių pastatų kiemų prioritetą suteikiant automobiliams. Nebelieka vietos vaikų žaidimų aikštelėms. Pastatų viduje oro kokybė ne geresnė kaip kieme ar gatvėje. Visa tai neabejotinai daro įtaką architektūrinei pastatų bei miestovaizdžių raiškai bei žmonių sveikatai. Ateityje, tankėjant užstatymui miesto centrinėse dalyse, ta įtaka dar labiau didės. Dulkėmis ir dujomis užterštas oras kelia didžiulę grėsmę žmonių sveikatai. Atmosferos oras, prisotintas kenksmingų medžiagų, skverbiasi į gyvenamuosius būstus, ligonių palatas, mokymo įstaigų klases ir auditorijas, gamybines patalpas. Jau nebepakanka laisvus plotus miestuose apsodinti medžiais ir krūmais, gėlėmis, apsėti žole. Būtinos kardinalios priemonės, padedančios žmogui mieste sugrąžinti natūralią gamtinę aplinką. Siekiant aukštos Lietuvos miestų kraštovaizdžių estetinės vertės, ekologinio stabilumo, būtini sisteminiai architektūriniai ir urbanistiniai tyrimai, taip pat pastatų ir kvartalų, pastatų aplinkos projektavimą reglamentuojančios, planavimo bei teisinės priemonės, kurios garantuotų aukštą kraštovaizdžio kokybę ne tik artimiausiais metais bet ir perspektyvoje. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojami kai kurie Lietuvos miestų darnaus vystymosi aspektai susieti su naujų kraštovaizdžio technologijų įtaka urbanizuotų miesto erdvių aplinkai, pateikiami preliminarūs siūlymai, kaip naujus aplinkos elementus kuo tinkamiau išnaudoti gerinant pastatų architektūrą, miesto vaizdą, gyvenimo kokybę.
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"Kelo Trees: A Vanishing Fungal Habitat." Mycological Research 107, no. 8 (2003): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953756203228495.
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Semina, S. A., I. V. Gavryushina та E. V. Nikulina. "ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРЕПАРАТОВ С КРЕМНИЕМ НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ УРОЖАЙНОСТИ КУКУРУЗЫ". Niva Povolzh`ia, № 1(54) (19 лютого 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.36461/np.2020.54.1.002.
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В статье представлены результаты исследований по влиянию различных видов кремнийсодержащих препаратов на формирование урожайности кукурузы в зависимости от срока некорневой обработки. Наибольший ростостимулирующий эффект отмечен при двукратной обработке посевов кукурузы НаноКремнием. Прирост по сравнению с вариантом с обработкой водой составил 33 см. При применении Келик Калий-Кремния более высокорослые растения сформировались при фолиарной обработке в фазу пяти листьев, прирост к варианту без препарата составил 19 см. На вариантах с применением Микровит-6 Кремний превышение высоты растений по сравнению с опрыскиванием водой составило 14-18 см. Увеличение количества развитых початков при фолиарной обработке препаратами с кремнием составило 8,1-18,7 при небольшом преимуществе НаноКремния. Более мощные растения сформировались в вариантах с фолиарной обработкой посевов кукурузы препаратом НаноКремний в фазу пяти листьев и двукратном опрыскивании, увеличение массы одного растения, по сравнению с вариантами без препарата, составило 110-112 г или 19,7-22,0. Более эффективной была обработка НаноКремнием в фазу пяти листьев кукурузы и двукратное применение, которые обеспечили прирост урожайности фитомассы 20,6-21,0 по сравнению с вариантами без препарата. Немного уступает по эффективности препарат Микровит-6 Кремний, обеспечивший прирост урожайности зеленой массы 12,4-19,3. Фолиарная обработка Келик Калий-Кремний способствовала увеличению урожайности зеленой массы на 3,7-5,7 т/га или 10,5-15,7. Наибольший выход сухого вещества обеспечил вариант с двукратной обработкой посевов НаноКремнием, прирост составил 3,2 т/га.The article presents the results of studies on the effect of various types of silicon containing products on formation of corn yield, depending on the timing of nonroot treatment. The greatest growth-promoting effect was noted with a double treatment of corn crops with NanoSilicon. The growth compared to the variant with water treatment was 33 cm. When Kelik Potassium-Silicon was used, taller plants formed after foliar treatment in the five-leaf phase, the growth to the variant without the product was 19 cm. In the variant with Microvit-6 Silicon, the height of the plants was more by 14-18 cm compared to plants sprayed with water.The increase in the number of developed cobs during the foliar treatment with silicon products was 8.1-18.7 with a slight advantage of NanoSilicon. More powerful plants were formed in the variants with foliar treatment of corn crops with Nano Silicon in the phase of five leaves and double spraying the increase in the mass of one plant, compared to the variants without the product, amounted to 110-112 g or 19.7-22.0. More effective was the treatment with NanoSilicon in the phase of five corn leaves and double application, which ensured an increase in the yield of phytomass of 20.6-21.0 compared with the variants without the product. The Microvit-6 Silicon product is slightly inferior in effectiveness, which ensured a 12.4-19.3 increase in the yield of green mass. The foliar treatment of Kelik Potassium-Silicon contributed to an increase in the yield of green mass by 3.7-5.7 t/ha or 10.5-15.7. The highest yield of dry matter was ensured by the variant of double spraying of crops with NanoSilicon, an increase of 3.2 t/ha.
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Patrice, Ngoh Dooh Jules, Deurnaye Placide, Abdoul Madjerembe, et al. "In vitro, In vivo and In situ, Effect of Mancozeb 80 WP on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. and Sacc., Causative Agent of Anthracnose of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) in Chad and Cameroon." International Journal of Pathogen Research, March 15, 2021, 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpr/2021/v6i330161.
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Aims: The aim of this work was to evaluate effect of Mancozeb 80 WP against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the agent responsible of anthracnose of cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.).
Study Design: The experimental design was in completely randomized blocks with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed in Laboratory of Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maroua during six months. Field trial was carried out in Kelo, Chad during three months.
Methodology: Isolates were obtained from diseased organs (leaves and fruits) from Kélo in Chad and Maroua in Cameroon. The concentrations used in the laboratory were C1 (5 mg/ml), C2 (0.5 mg/ml), C3 (0.05 mg/ml), C4 (0.005 mg/ml), C5 (0.0 mg/ml). Radial growth, sporulation, conidial germination and pathogenicity were used to characterize and evaluate the effect of Mancozeb on the isolates in vitro. The preventive test was performed on three-month-old plants previously treated with Mancozeb. The concentration of 5 g/l was applied to the field and the incidence and severity were used to calculate the AUIPC (Area Under Disease Incidence Progress Curve) and AUSiPC (Area Under Disease Severity Index Progress Curve) curves.
Results: Mancozeb reduced radial growth of all isolates at concentrations C1 (5 mg/ml), C2 (0.5 mg/ml) and C3 (0.05 mg/ml). The percentages of inhibition ranged from 50 to 100%. Mancozeb 80 WP completely (100%) inhibited the germination of C. gloeosporioides conidia in vitro. Mancozeb has protected cashew plants in vivo at the concentration C1 (5 mg/ml). AUIPC and AUSiPC were higher on control plants and lower on Mancozeb-treated plants.
Conclusion: Mancozeb 80 WP may be associated in integrated pest management strategy against anthracnose.
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Park, Ji-Su, Ha-Young Choi, and Won-Gon Kim. "The Nitrite Transporter Facilitates Biofilm Formation via Suppression of Nitrite Reductase and Is a New Antibiofilm Target in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." mBio 11, no. 4 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00878-20.
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ABSTRACT Biofilm-forming bacteria, including the Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, cause multiple types of chronic infections and are responsible for serious health burdens in humans, animals, and plants. Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to induce biofilm dispersal via triggering a reduction in cyclic-di-GMP levels in a variety of bacteria. However, how NO, at homeostatic levels, also facilitates biofilm formation is unknown. Here, we found that complestatin, a structural analog of vancomycin isolated from Streptomyces, inhibits P. aeruginosa biofilm formation by upregulating NO production via nitrite reductase (NIR) induction and c-di-GMP degradation via phosphodiesterase (PDE) stimulation. The complestatin protein target was identified as a nitrite transporter from a genome-wide screen using the Keio Escherichia coli knockout library and confirmed using nitrite transporter knockout and overexpression strains. We demonstrated that the nitrite transporter stimulated biofilm formation by controlled NO production via appropriate NIR suppression and subsequent diguanylate cyclase (DGC) activation, not PDE activity, and c-di-GMP production in E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Thus, this study provides a mechanism for NO-mediated biofilm formation, which was previously not understood. IMPORTANCE Bacterial biofilms play roles in infections and avoidance of host defense mechanisms of medically important pathogens and increase the antibiotic resistance of the bacteria. Nitric oxide (NO) is reported to be involved in both biofilm formation and dispersal, which are conflicting processes. The mechanism by which NO regulates biofilm dispersal is relatively understood, but there are no reports about how NO is involved in biofilm formation. Here, by investigating the mechanism by which complestatin inhibits biofilm formation, we describe a novel mechanism for governing biofilm formation in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nitrite transporter is required for biofilm formation via regulation of NO levels and subsequent c-di-GMP production. Additionally, the nitrite transporter contributes more to P. aeruginosa virulence than quorum sensing. Thus, this study identifies nitrite transporters as new antibiofilm targets for future practical and therapeutic agent development.