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Yuliarita, Emi. "Performance Testing On Mixture Of Kisamir Pure Plant Oil (Ppo) And Kerosene As Wick Stove Fuel." Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 33, no. 3 (2022): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.33.3.824.
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Pure Plant Oil (PPO) which is made from “kisamir” seed has smaller kinetic viscosity value than jatropha and coconut oil. So it has potential to be used as alternative fuel/mixed kerosene. The test result of some main physical/chemical characteristics of fuel made from kerosine and pure plant oil (5% to 20% volume) are still in the limit of kerosene specification as decided by the government. However, the maximum power test result of the mixture of PPO and kerosene that has been tested on 16 wicks stove shows that the higher content of PPO in kerosene will decrease the maximum stove performance as well as stove’s efficiency value. But the blue color of fire gets clearer, because of less amount of sulfur by adding PPO in kerosene. The use of PPO up to 20% will reduce sulphur content up to 20%.
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Basuki, Teger, and Joko Hartono. "Analisis Ekonomi Penggunaan Minyak Biji Kapas (MBK) untuk Bahan Bakar Nabati." Buletin Tanaman Tembakau, Serat & Minyak Industri 3, no. 2 (2016): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bultas.v3n2.2011.66-70.
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<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara ekonomi efisiensi penggunaan minyak biji kapas sebagai bahan bakar nabati (BBN) untuk kompor Semawar 203. Perlakuan yang diteliti sebanyak lima perlakuan, yaitu (1) 100% minyak biji kapas, (2) 75% minyak biji kapas dicampur 25% kerosin, (3) 50% minyak biji ka-pas dicampur 50% kerosin, (4) 25% minyak biji kapas dicampur 75% kerosin, (5) 100% kerosin. Hasil pene-litian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan kompor tekan Semawar tipe 203 dengan bahan bakar campuran antara 50% minyak biji kapas (MBK) dan 50% kerosin menunjukkan efisiensi tertinggi. Dengan biaya sebesar Rp 689,00 mampu untuk mendidihkan 2 liter air dalam waktu 6,20 menit (waktu didihnya pa-ling cepat di antara perlakuan lainnya).</p><p> </p><p>Purpose of this study was to analyze the efficiency of cotton seed oil used as a biofuel using Semawar 203 stove. The treatments consist of, i.e.: (1) 100% cotton seed oil, (2) 75% cotton seed oil mixture 25% kero-sene, (3) 50% cotton seed oil mixture 50% kerosene, (4) 25% cotton seed oil mixture 75% kerosene, (5) 100% kerosene. The results showed that by using the stove press Semawar type 203 with a fuel mixture of 50% cotton seed oil and 50% kerosene had the highest efficiency of cost. At a cost of Rp689,00 the mixture was able to boil 2 liters of water in 6.20 minutes (boiling time fastest among other treatments).</p>
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Mulyono, Panut, I. Made Bendiyasa, Dita Budi Wibawa, and Suryo Birowo. "Sistem penyimpanan energi panas kontak langsung menggunakan larutan Na2HPO4•12H2O." Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 4, no. 3 (2018): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2005.4.3.2.
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The volumetric coefficient of heat transfer and the energy storage capacity in a direct contact thermal energy storage system using Na2HPO4.12H2O solution as thermal energy storage medium have been investigated. Hot kerosene was used as a heal transfer fluid. The experiments were carried out by bubbling hot kerosene from the bottom of a column containing Na2HPO4.12H2O solution. The column used in this experiment was made from glass of 3 mm in thickness with an inside diameter of 7 cm and a height of 100 cm. The effects of kerosene flow rate and kerosene bubble diameter on the volumetric coefficient of heat transfer and the storing rate of energy were studied. It was found that the volumetric coefficient of heat transfer was strongly affected by the flow rate of the kerosene and that the effect of the kerosene flow rate on the storing rate of energy was relative v high, while that of the effect of the bubble diameter was neglectable.Keywords: Direct Contact, Thermal Energy Storage System, Na2HPO4.12H2O Solution AbstrakPenelitian ini mempelajari sistem penyimpanan energi panas kontak langsung menggunakan larutan Na2HPO4.12H2O sebagai media penyimpan energi. Kerasin panas digunakan sebagai fluida alir sumber energi panas. Masalah yang dipelajari pada penelitian ini adalah nilai koefisien perpindahan panas volumetris dan kapasitas penyimpanan panasnya. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggelembungkan kerasin panas dari dasar kolom yang berisi larutan Na2HPO4.12H2O. Kolom yang digunakan dibuat dari gelas dengan ketebalan 3 mm, mempunyai diameter dalam 7 cm, dan tinggi kolomnya adalah 100 cm. Parameter yang dipelajari dalam penelitian ini adalah pengaruh kecepatan volumetris kerosin dan pengaruh diameter gelembung kerosin terhadap nilai koefisien perpindahan panas volumetris dan terhadap kecepatan penyimpanan panasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai koejisien perpindahan panas volumetris sangat dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan volumetris kerosin sehingga kecepatan penyimpanan panasnya juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan volumetris kerosin. Pengaruh ukuran diameter gelembung terhadap nilai koefisien perpindahan panas volumetris dan terhadap kecepatan penyimpanan panasnya sangat kecil sehingga dapat diabaikan.Kata Kunci: Sistem Penyimpanan Energi Panas, Kontak Langsung, Larutan Na2HPO4.12H2O
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Alkanchi, Nasiru Ahmad, Muhammad Bello, and Said Sani Said. "Effect of Kerosene on the Growth of Nitrifying Bacteria Isolated From Soil." Sahel Journal of Life Sciences FUDMA 1, no. 1 (2023): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/sajols-2023-0101-020.
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The environment is being subjected to an increasing amount of stress due to the alterations caused by the pollution of refined petroleum products such as kerosene. These changes might be substantial, which would have a big effect on the environment and, in turn, the farm output. Determining the potential toxicities of kerosene dosage response relationships to sensitive species, like soil microbes, is crucial. This investigation assessed how kerosene affected the nitrifying bacteria that were taken out of farmland's soil. We observed the population changes of the two nitrifying bacteria that were isolated from soil samples after they were exposed to varying concentrations of kerosene (0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, and 10%) for duration of 120 hours. Using a mineral salts media, the effects of kerosene on the two nitrifying bacteria were investigated. Samples were taken from the medium every 24 hours to gauge the growth of the bacteria, and a spectrophotometer was used to quantify the turbidity at 600 nm. The result showed that as kerosene concentrations were exposed to these bacteria over longer periods of time, the survivability of Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrobacter sp. decreased. The toxicity studies' findings demonstrated that the degree of kerosene's toxicity to Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter species depended on the quantity of pollutants present and the length of the contact period.
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Young, Jay A. "Kerosene." Journal of Chemical Education 86, no. 1 (2009): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed086p25.
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Matsuda-Taniguchi, Tomoyo, Naoko Wada, Ayaka Eto, Nanae Kimura, and Hiroshi Uchi. "Kerosene Dermatitis." Nishi Nihon Hifuka 81, no. 6 (2019): 457–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.81.457.
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Maheshwari, Anu, and Sameer Gulati. "Kerosene poisoning." Indian Journal of Medical Specialities 9, no. 3 (2018): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.injms.2018.06.009.
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Shabkhez, Hibah. "Kerosene Kindness." Pleiades: Literature in Context 43, no. 2 (2023): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plc.2023.a913047.
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Chung, Kyu‐Huck, Jang‐Hoon Lee, and Kyoung S. Ro. "Composting of kerosene‐contaminated soil: Fate of kerosene." Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 35, no. 7 (2000): 1183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10934520009377027.
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Furqon, Zami. "Maksimasi Produk Avtur Dengan Pengaturan Cutting Point Di Kolom Fraksinasi Unit Hydrocracking Complex." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Kimia 5, no. 2 (2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32493/jitk.v5i2.12069.
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Abstrak Fraksionator di Unit Hydro Cracking Complex, merupakan jenis proses distilasi atmosferis yang mengolah jenis minyak berat campuran dari berbagai sumber seperti HVGO dan HCGO di HCC Unit untuk mendapatkan produk berupa LPG, light naphta, heavy naphta, Light Kerosene, Heavy Kerosene, diesel dan Net Bottom Fractinatotion. Perubahan Cutting Point pada produk Heavy Kerosene akan berdampak pada perubahan yield Heavy Kerosene dan kondisi operasi pada kolom fraksinasi yaitu draw tray Heavy Kerosene. Perubahan cutting point pada produk Heavy Kerosene juga akan menyebabkan perubahan sifat produk Avtur seperti density, flash point, Kuop, freezing point. Penurunan Cutting Point antara Heavy Kerosene dan Diesel sebesar 5 °F, dapat meningkatkan yield produk Heavy Kerosene hingga mencapai 0.78 % volume on crude atau sebesar 1.57 m³/jam. Perubahan cutting point akan diikuti juga dengan perubahan kondisi operasi pada kolom fraksionatornya, yaitu didapat suhu Heavy Kerosene draw tray sebesar 224°C. Keywords : Average Boiling Point, Cutting Point, Fractionation, Hydrocracking, Kerosene.
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Purwani, Maria Veronica, and Suyanti Suyanti. "Ekstraksi Pemisahan Neodimium dari Samarium, Itrium dan Praseodimium Memakai Tri Butil Fosfat." EKSPLORIUM 38, no. 1 (2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/eksplorium.2017.38.1.3035.
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ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan ekstraksi konsentrat Nd(OH)3 (neodimium hidroksida) yang mengandung Y(itrium), Sm (samarium) dan Pr (praseodimium) hasil olah pasir monasit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk pemisahan Nd dari Y, Pr dan Sm dalam konsentrat Nd. Sebagai fasa air adalah konsentrat Nd(OH)3 dalam HNO3 dan ekstraktan atau fasa organik adalah Tri Butil Fosfat (TBP) dalam kerosen. Parameter yang diteliti adalah pH umpan, konsentrasi umpan, konsentrasi TBP dalam kerosen, waktu pengadukan dan kecepatan pengadukan. Dari hasil penelitian optimasi proses ekstraksi pemisahan neodimium dari samarium, itrium dan presedimium dalam konsentrat Nd(OH)3 hasil olah pasir monasit dengan ekstraktan TBP, diperoleh kondisi optimum sebagai berikut: pH umpan = 0,2; konsentrasi umpan 100 gram/L, konsentrasi TBP dalam kerosen 5 %, waktu pengadukan 15 menit, kecepatan pengadukan 150 rpm. Pada kondisi ini diperoleh FP (faktor pisah) Nd-Y, FP Nd-Pr, FP Nd-Sm masing-masing sebesar 2,242; 4,811; 4,002 dan angka banding distribusi (D) Nd = 0,236 dengan efisiensi ekstraksi Nd = 19,07%. ABSTRACTThe extraction of Nd(OH)3 (neodymium hydroxide) concentrate containing Y (yttrium), Sm (samarium) and Pr (praseodymium) as product of monazite processed has been done. The purpose of this study is to determine the separation of Nd from Y, Pr and Nd Sm in Nd concentrate. The aqueous phase was concentrated Nd (OH)3 in HNO3 and extractant while organic phase was Tri Butyl Phosphate (TBP) in kerosene. Parameters studied were pH and concentration feed, concentration of TBP in kerosene, extraction time and stirring speed. The result showed that the optimization of separation extraction neodymium from samarium, yttrium and praseodymium in Nd(OH)3 concentrated with TBP, obtained the optimum condition of pH = 0.2, concentration of feed 100 g /L, concentration of TBP in kerosene 5%, extraction time 15 minutes and stirring speed 150 rpm. With the conditions, Separation Factor (SF) obtained for Nd-Y, Nd-Pr, Nd-Sm are 2.242, 4.811, 4.002 respectively, while D and extraction efficiency of Nd are 0.236 and 19.07%.
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Guo, Xiaodie, Xuejiao Chen, Wenjing Zhou, and Jinjia Wei. "Effect of Polymer Drag Reducer on Rheological Properties of Rocket Kerosene Solutions." Materials 15, no. 9 (2022): 3343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093343.
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Adding drag reduction agent (DRA) to rocket kerosene is an effective way to reduce the pipeline resistance of rocket kerosene transportation systems. However, so far, there have been few research reports on the effect of DRA on the rheological properties of rocket kerosene solution, especially from a microscopic perspective. In this study, coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to investigate the rheological properties of rocket kerosene solutions with DRAs of different chain lengths and concentrations. The results showed that the viscosity of DRA—kerosene solution is generally higher than that of pure kerosene at a low shear rate, while with an increase in shear rate, the viscosity of DRA—kerosene solution decreases rapidly and finally tends to become similar to that of pure kerosene. The shear viscosity of DRA—kerosene solution increases with an increase in chain length and concentration of polymers. Through observing the morphologic change of DRA molecules and analyzing the radius of gyration and the mean-squared end-to-end distance of polymers, it was confirmed that the rheological properties of DRA—kerosene solutions are strongly related to the degree of entanglement of polymer chains. The simulation results provide microscopic insights into the rheological behavior of DRA—kerosene solutions and clarify the intrinsic relation between the morphologic change of polymer molecules and the rheological properties of DRA—kerosene solutions.
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Li, Hui, Wei Xiao, Jianping Jin, and Yuexin Han. "Influence Mechanism of Magnetized Modified Kerosene on Flotation Behavior of Molybdenite." Minerals 12, no. 1 (2021): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12010002.
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The effects and mechanism of magnetized kerosene on the flotation behaviors of molybdenite were studied by micro-flotation, ultraviolet spectrum, infrared spectrum, surface tension, and liquid viscosity. According to the results of micro-flotation, magnetized kerosene improved the flotation recovery of molybdenite, and the improvements were more obvious with smaller molybdenite particles. Spectral analysis showed that the magnetization did not change the chemical composition of kerosene, but transformed the linear aliphatic hydrocarbons in kerosene into linear isomers and reduced the lengths of the carbon chains. Moreover, the magnetization reduced the viscosity of kerosene and oil/water interfacial tension, and improved the dispersion of kerosene in the pulp. The external magnetic field transformed the disorder of the additional magnetic moment in the kerosene molecules into order, and reduced the compactness of the kerosene molecules. The experimental results provided a theoretical explanation for the role of magnetization in mineral flotation.
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Lin Tay, Kun, Wenbin Yu, Feiyang Zhao, and Wenming Yang. "From fundamental study to practical application of kerosene in compression ignition engines: An experimental and modeling review." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 2-3 (2019): 303–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019841218.
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The use of kerosene in direct injection compression ignition engines is fundamentally due to the introduction of the Single Fuel Concept. As conventional direct injection compression ignition diesel engines are made specifically to use diesel fuel, the usage of kerosene will affect engine emissions and performance due to differences between the fuel properties of kerosene and diesel. As a result, in order for kerosene to be properly and efficiently used in diesel engines, it is needful for the scientific community to know the properties of kerosene, its autoignition and combustion characteristics, as well as its emissions formation behavior under diesel engine operating conditions. Moreover, it is desirable to know the progress made in the development of suitable kerosene surrogates for engine applications as it is a crucial step toward the development of reliable chemical reaction mechanisms for numerical simulations. Therefore, in this work, a comprehensive review is carried out systematically to better understand the characteristics and behavior of kerosene under direct injection compression ignition engine relevant conditions. In this review work, the fuel properties of kerosene are summarized and discussed. In addition, fundamental autoignition studies of kerosene in shock tube, rapid compression machine, fuel ignition tester, ignition quality tester, constant volume combustion chamber, and engine are compiled and evaluated. Furthermore, experimental studies of kerosene spray and combustion in constant volume combustion chambers are examined. Also, the experimental investigations of kerosene combustion and emissions in direct injection compression ignition engines are discussed. Moreover, the development of kerosene surrogates, their chemical reaction mechanisms, and the modeling of kerosene combustion in direct injection compression ignition engines are summarized and talked about. Finally, recommendations are also given to help researchers focus on the areas which are still severely lacking.
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Anwar, S., AKMN Rahman, SK A. Houqe, et al. "Clinical Profile of Kerosene Poisoning in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 38, no. 1 (2014): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v38i1.20021.
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Background: Accidental ingestion of kerosene continues to remain a common medical emergency among children in developing countries. The importance of this poisoning makes it imperative that parents should be aware about this poisoning. Objective: To see clinical profile of Kerosene poisoning in Bangladesh. Methodology: This retrospective study analyzed 56 children with acute kerosene poisoning admitted in Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2010 to June 2010 Result: Fifty six kerosene poisoning cases were admitted within 6 months period. Among the cases boys 29(51.8%), aged less than three years 52(93%), from a rural background 36(64%) and belonging to lower economic class 51 (91%) were found. Inappropriate container of kerosene like soft drink bottle 40 (71%) & summer season 40 (71%) were found major risk factor for kerosene ingestion. Cough 52 (92%) and dyspnea 51(91%) were the commonest clinical findings. Conclusion: Respiratory complaints are predominant clinical features of Kerosene poisoning. Toddler age, children from rural area, summer season were found major risk factors for kerosene ingestion and is mostly due to faulty packing & storage of kerosene. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v38i1.20021 Bangladesh J Child Health 2014; VOL 38 (1) : 11-14
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Buddie, A. G., P. D. Bridge, J. Kelley, and M. J. Ryan. "Candida keroseneae sp. nov., a novel contaminant of aviation kerosene." Letters in Applied Microbiology 52, no. 1 (2010): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02968.x.
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M-Ridha, Mohanad J., Muna Faeq Ali, Ahmed Hussein Taly, et al. "Subsurface Flow Phytoremediation Using Barley Plants for Water Recovery from Kerosene-Contaminated Water: Effect of Kerosene Concentration and Removal Kinetics." Water 14, no. 5 (2022): 687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14050687.
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A phytoremediation experiment was carried out with kerosene as a model for total petroleum hydrocarbons. A constructed wetland of barley was exposed to kerosene pollutants at varying concentrations (1, 2, and 3% v/v) in a subsurface flow (SSF) system. After a period of 42 days of exposure, it was found that the average ability to eliminate kerosene ranged from 56.5% to 61.2%, with the highest removal obtained at a kerosene concentration of 1% v/v. The analysis of kerosene at varying initial concentrations allowed the kinetics of kerosene to be fitted with the Grau model, which was closer than that with the zero order, first order, or second order kinetic models. The experimental study showed that the barley plant designed in a subsurface flow phytoremediation system would have great potential for the reclamation of kerosene-contaminated water.
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Bekele, Gessesse Kebede, Solomon Abera Gebrie, Ebrahim M. Abda, et al. "Kerosene Biodegradation by Highly Efficient Indigenous Bacteria Isolated From Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Sites." Microbiology Insights 16 (January 2023): 117863612211507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786361221150759.
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Kerosene is widely used in Ethiopia as a household fuel (for lighting and heating), as a solvent in paint and grease, and as a lubricant in glass cutting. It causes environmental pollution and escorts to loss of ecological functioning and health problems. Therefore, this research was designed to isolate, identify, and characterize indigenous kerosene-degrading bacteria that are effective in cleaning ecological units that have been contaminated by kerosene. Soil samples were collected from hydrocarbon-contaminated sites (flower farms, garages, and old-aged asphalt roads) and spread-plated on mineral salt medium (Bushnell Hass Mineral Salts Agar Medium: BHMS), which consists of kerosene as the only carbon source. Seven kerosene-degrading bacterial species were isolated, 2 from flower farms, 3 from garage areas, and 2 from asphalt areas. Three genera from hydrocarbon-contaminated sites were identified, including Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Acinetobacter using biochemical characterization and the Biolog database. Growth studies in the presence of various concentrations of kerosene (1% and 3% v/v) showed that the bacterial isolates could metabolize kerosene as energy and biomass. Thereby, a gravimetric study was performed on bacterial strains that proliferated well on a BHMS medium with kerosene. Remarkably, bacterial isolates were able to degrade 5% kerosene from 57.2% to 91% in 15 days. Moreover, 2 of the most potent isolates, AUG2 and AUG1, resulted in 85% and 91% kerosene degradation, respectively, when allowed to grow on a medium containing kerosene. In addition, 16S rRNA gene analysis indicated that strain AAUG1 belonged to Bacillus tequilensis, whereas isolate AAUG showed the highest similarity to Bacillus subtilis. Therefore, these indigenous bacterial isolates have the potential to be applied for kerosene removal from hydrocarbon-contaminated sites and the development of remediation approaches.
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Singh, Manbeer, Amit Kumar Singh, and Jappreet Kaur. "Comparing the efficacy of xylene and kerosene oil as a clearing agent during processing and staining in histopathology." Indian Journal of Pathology and Oncology 9, no. 3 (2022): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpo.2022.059.
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Aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of kerosene oil as a clearing agent for tissue processing, haematoxylin & Eosin stains in contrast with traditionally used xylene. The study was conducted using three types of clearing agents xylene, kerosene and mixture of xylene kerosene oil in the ratio 50:50. Hundred cases of biopsies for each clearing agent were compared on the basis of ribboning, thin section, section cutting, nuclear staining, cytoplasmic staining, differential staining, clarity and uniformity of the tissue sections. Biopsy specimen was received in the Department of Pathology G.G.S Medical College and Hospital. The investigation of all cases was compared by using the routine method of histopathology lab. Results related to the tissue processing, section cutting and staining were obtained after the microscopy investigation by the residents. The xylene processed tissue produced better thin sections and ribboning during section cutting than those processed in mixture of kerosene and xylene and kerosene alone being the least suitable agent in case of thin section cutting. The nuclear staining, cytoplasmic staining and Differential were better processed in xylene than those processed in mixture of kerosene and xylene and kerosene alone. The clarity and uniformity was not satisfactory by using the mixture of kerosene and xylene while kerosene alone than xylene processed tissues.
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Li, Wanqing, Yubiao Li, Shaobing Xie, Wanqing Duan, and Wen Chen. "Roles and Influences of Kerosene on Chalcopyrite Flotation in MgCl2 Solution: EDLVO and DFT Approaches." Minerals 12, no. 1 (2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12010048.
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Seawater has been increasingly used as an alternative to freshwater in mineral flotation. Although previous studies suggest that Mg2+ ions in seawater have the primary negative roles in chalcopyrite flotation, insufficient work has been conducted to understand the effects of kerosene as a collector in chalcopyrite flotation. In this study, the influence of kerosene emulsion on chalcopyrite floatability in a solution containing Mg2+ was systematically investigated. The results indicated that the addition of kerosene significantly reduced the adsorption of hydrophilic Mg-precipitates onto the chalcopyrite’s surface. In addition to contact angle, zeta potential, optical microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, extended Derjguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (EDLVO) theory and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to understand the influencing mechanisms of kerosene on chalcopyrite flotation. The adsorption energies showed an order of kerosene and Mg(OH)2 > kerosene and chalcopyrite > chalcopyrite and Mg(OH)2, indicating kerosene was preferentially adsorbed on the Mg(OH)2 surface, forming agglomerates and therefore reducing the adsorption of Mg(OH)2 precipitates onto the chalcopyrite’s surface. In addition, hydrophobic agglomerates were also formed due to the attachment of kerosene to the chalcopyrite’s surface when additional kerosene was added, further enhancing chalcopyrite floatability.
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Wang, Ning, Jin Zhou, Yu Pan, and Hui Wang. "A Parametric Experimental Study on the Heat Transfer Characteristics of Supercritical Kerosene in Active Cooling Channels of Scramjets." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.252.
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Heat transfer characteristics of China RP-3 kerosene under supercritical state were experimentally investigated. Results showed that at sub-critical pressures, heat transfer deterioration happens, and the wall temperature rises from approximately 350°C to 750°C. This is thought to be resulted from film boiling when kerosene begins to transfer from liquid to gas. At supercritical pressures, heat transfer enhancement was observed. And it is mainly caused by the sharp increase of specific heat of kerosene when the wall temperature is approaching the critical temperature of kerosene. The heat transfer coefficient doesnt increase with velocity for kerosene, because the thermal properties and residence time of kerosene have changed when velocity is changed.
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Borovik, Igor, Evgeniy Strokach, Alexander Kozlov, et al. "Influence of Polyisobutylene Kerosene Additive on Combustion Efficiency in a Liquid Propellant Rocket Engine." Aerospace 6, no. 12 (2019): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace6120129.
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The combustion of kerosene with the polymer additive polyisobutylene (PIB) was experimentally investigated. The aim of the study was to measure the effect of PIB kerosene on the efficiency of combustion chamber cooling and the combustion efficiency of the liquid propellant for a rocket engine operating on kerosene and gaseous oxygen (GOX). The study was conducted on an experimental rocket engine using kerosene wall film cooling in the combustion chamber. Fire tests showed that the addition of polyisobutylene to kerosene had no significant effect on the combustion efficiency. However, analysis of the wall temperature measurement results showed that the use of PIB kerosene is more effective for film cooling than pure kerosene, which can increase the efficiency of combustion chamber cooling and subsequently increase its reliability and reusability. Thus, the findings of this study are expected to be of use in further investigations of wall film cooling efficiency.
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Li, Zhili, Feng Rao, Xiaoming Lou, Shaoxian Song, and Alejandro López-Valdivieso. "Floc-Flotation of Malachite Fines with an Octyl Hydroxamate and Kerosene Mixture." Minerals 9, no. 5 (2019): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9050301.
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Malachite fines are easily produced in the grinding process, leading to low malachite flotation recovery. Floc-flotation of malachite fines with an octyl hydroxamate and kerosene mixture was studied to improve the flotation recovery, using microflotation, microscopy image observations, contact angle measurements, and Extended Derjguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (EDLVO) analysis. The results showed that the addition of octyl hydroxamate as an emulsifier of kerosene enhanced the aggregation of malachite fines and improved malachite flotation recovery. In addition, when kerosene droplets were smaller and of uniform size distribution, the spreading of kerosene droplets on the malachite surface improved. The enhanced spreading of kerosene droplets led to higher coverage of kerosene on the malachite surface, resulting in improved hydrophobic aggregation and flotation recovery.
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Ji, Deng Gao, Yang Hui Cai, Xu Long Guo, Su Qin Peng, and Shuang Guo Wei. "Research of Optimize Performance of Coal Flotation Collectors." Advanced Materials Research 361-363 (October 2011): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.361-363.296.
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There are lots of problems in coal flotation reagents. For example, it was difficult to disperse in coal pulp, it needs a large consumption, and its selectivity was poor. So this paper refers that kerosene can be made into compound kerosene by using different chemical products and surfactants, and then used for coal flotation. Tests proved that compound kerosene can disperse in coal pulp quickly; they had a high yield of clean coal, a fast flotation speed and a higher flotation perfection index. As a result, the flotation effect of Fy-6 compound kerosene was the best of all. Clean coal zeta potential of Fy-6 compound kerosene and kerosene had been tested, and they had been compared with raw coal.
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Zuo, Min, Zhen-Zong He, Shi-Jie Sun, Jun-Kui Mao, and Chuan-Hui Dong. "Simulation of flow and heat transfer characteristics of laminated turbine blades with kerosene cooling channels." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2023): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci230115082z.
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An air-kerosene thermal mass coupled turbine blade with kerosene microchannels added to the traditional laminated structure turbine blade is proposed, and numerical simulations are carried out. The enhanced heat transfer mechanism of the air-kerosene thermal mass coupled turbine blade is studied, and the influence of different kerosene temperatures, blowing ratios, and solid thermal conductivity on the heat transfer of the laminated turbine blades is analyzed. The results show that adding kerosene microchannels can significantly reduce the blade temperature and change the cooling gas heat transfer direction inside the laminate cooling structure. Compared with the traditional laminate cooling structure, adding kerosene microchannels can significantly improve the heat transfer performance of the blades, and the integrated cooling efficiency increases by 31.7%. Moreover, when the kerosene temperature decreases from 400 K to 300 K, the cooling efficiency increases by 3.9%. Similar conclusions can be obtained by studying the increases in the blowing ratio and the solid thermal conductivity, respectively.
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Li, Biao, Wenxi Li, Xin Zheng, Yue Wang, Mingming Tang, and Weihua Cai. "Numerical Study on Influences of Drag Reducing Additive in Supercritical Flow of Kerosene in a Millichannel." Energies 14, no. 20 (2021): 6758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206758.
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To improve the performance of a high-pressure refueling liquid oxy-kerosene engine, the influence of drag-reducing additive on the heat transfer characteristics in the supercritical flow of kerosene in a microchannel for regenerative cooling is explored. The finite-volume CFD numerical simulation method is applied using the RNG k-ε turbulence model and enhanced wall function. The current work faithfully represents the effect of the drag-reducing additive in kerosene through numerical calculations by combining a 10-component model for the physical properties of the kerosene and the Carreau non-Newtonian fluid constitutive model from rheological measurements. Results suggest that the 10-component kerosene surrogate can describe the supercritical physical properties of kerosene. The inlet temperature, inlet velocity, and the heat flux on the channel wall are driving factors for the supercritical kerosene flow and heat transfer characteristics. The pressure influence on the heat transfer is negligible. With polymer additives, the loss in pressure drop and heat transfer performance of supercritical kerosene flow decrease 46.8% and 37.5% respectively. The enhancement of engine thrust caused by reduction in pressure drop is an attractive improvement of concern.
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Zhang, Tao, Bo Dong, Xun Zhou, Linan Guan, Weizhong Li, and Shengqi Zhou. "Experimental Study of Spray Characteristics of Kerosene-Ethanol Blends from a Pressure-Swirl Nozzle." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2018 (November 7, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2894908.
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Partial replacement of kerosene by ethanol in a gas turbine is regarded as a good way to improve the spray quality and reduce the fossil energy consumption. The present work is aimed at studying the spray characteristics of kerosene-ethanol blends discharging from a pressure-swirl nozzle. The spray cone angle, discharge coefficient, breakup length, and velocity distribution are obtained by particle image velocimetry, while droplet size is acquired by particle/droplet imaging analysis. Kerosene, E10 (10% ethanol, 90% kerosene), E20 (20% ethanol, 80% kerosene), and E30 (30% ethanol, 70% kerosene) have been considered under the injection pressure of 0.1–1 MPa. The results show that as injection pressure is increased, the discharge coefficient and breakup length decrease, while the spray cone angle, drop size, and spray velocity increase. Meanwhile, the drop size decreases and the spray velocity increases with ethanol concentration when the injection pressure is lower than 0.8 MPa. However, the spray characteristics are not affected obviously by the ethanol concentration when the injection pressure exceeds 0.8 MPa. A relation to breakup length for kerosene-ethanol blends is obtained. The findings demonstrate that the adding of ethanol into kerosene can promote atomization performance.
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Sulaymon, Abbas H., and Ziad T. Abd Ali. "REMOVAL OF KEROSENE FROM WASTE WATER USING IRAQI BENTONITE." Journal of Engineering 16, no. 03 (2010): 5422–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2010.03.11.
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The aim of the present research is to study the potentiality of Iraqi bentonite as adsorbent for removing of kerosene from wastewater. Also the capacity of bentonite for kerosene removal was compared to the activated carbon capacity. The sorption of kerosene onto bentonite and AC. were described by two well – known adsorption isotherm models namely Langmuir and Freundlich models. It was found that the Freundlich model can fit very well the equilibrium isotherm adsorption of kerosene onto bentonite and AC. Batch experiments were carried out to study the effect of adsorption of kerosene onto bentonite using various conditions such as initial concentrations of kerosene ( 100-500 ) mg/L, agitation speeds (125, 250, 500, 800) RPM, and weights of bentonite ( 0.05, 0.5,1.1 ) gm, particle sizes (0.5- 0.6) mm, and temperature 303 k . It was found that the best results for removing kerosene onto bentonite were obtained at Co=500 mg/L, RPM =800. Activated carbon was used as powder and granular of particle sizes ranged (1-1.18) mm and (0.5-0.6) mm. The results indicated that the activated carbon was more active than bentonite for removing of kerosene from wastewater
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Ogundahunsi, Oluwafemi Emmanuel, Isaac Olatunde Olaoye, and Precious Akintobi Fabunmi. "Determination of Thermal Efficiency and Fuel Consumption Rate of a Pressure Cooker Fueled with Blends of Waste Vegetable Oil and Kerosene." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 12, no. 6 (2024): 1033–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v12i6.1033-1038.6319.
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In Nigeria, before the removal of subsidy on kerosene in 2016, the product was accessible to low-income individuals and is intended to be used as a fuel for cooking, lighting, or heating. Recently, kerosene is rapidly vanishing from rural families and it is becoming inaccessible due to its ever-rising cost. Therefore, to ease the hardship of low-income individuals to have access to high thermal efficiency cookers with affordable fuel, a study was carried out to determine the thermal efficiency and fuel consumption rate of a pressure cooker fueled with a blend of waste vegetable oil and kerosene. Based on this, a low-cost pressure cooker was developed with locally available materials to aid the atomization of fuel during cooking. Along with this, vegetable oil was blended with kerosene to enhance the quantity of kerosene used to fuel the pressure cooker. This cooker fueled with blends of vegetable oil and kerosene was analyzed for its thermal efficiency and fuel consumption rate and was also compared to the conventional kerosene stove. The result shows that the constructed pressure cooker has a thermal efficiency of 52% which is 20% more than the conventional kerosene stove but the developed pressure cooker consumes more fuel (48.62 ml) than the conventional kerosene wick stove (33.78 ml). Though the pressure cooker consumes more fuel, the thermal efficiency per time with respect to the fuel consumed is much better than conventional kerosene stoves which makes the developed cooker cheaper and more affordable both to low-income earners and for rural dwellers.
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Rawung, Novena, Hanny F. Sangian, and Gerald H. Tamuntuan. "PEMBUATAN BAHAN BAKAR EMULSI MENGGUNAKAN ETANOL AREN DALAM UPAYA MENURUNKAN EMISI CO2." PHARMACON 8, no. 4 (2019): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/pha.8.2019.29369.
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ABSTRACT Research has been conducted to tackle the problem of CO2 emissions. Ethanol is a material that is often used, because it is a renewable energy obtained from the sugar fermentation process. Ethanol used for mixing is that which has been through the process of reflux fermentation and distillation. The first stage is the manufacture of ethanol by using a distillation process to obtain purity above 80%. The next stage is the mixing process carried out with a concentration of ethanol with a purity of 92% -98%, and the results of cracking kerosene with several variations of the boiling point. Kerosene was poured into a measuring cup with a volume of 7 ml and ethanol 92% -98% concentration was slowly added to form an emulsion. The results show that a mixture of kerosene, water and ethanol purity of 98%, only a small volume is needed to become 1 phase. But, for mixing kerosene, water and 92% ethanol purity, it takes a lot of volume. The easily mixed result is that the first kerosene product is 192-198 ℃ because it approaches the carbon gasoline chain. Meanwhile, for the results of kerosene products 272-276 ℃ is rather difficult to be mixed into 1 phase because, the carbon chain approaches diesel fuel. Keywords: Ethanol, Kerosene, Emulsion, Palm Tree (Arenga pinnata) ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menanggulangi masalah emisi CO2. Etanol menjadi bahan yang sering digunakan, karena merupakan energi terbarukan yang diperoleh dari proses fermentasi gula. Etanol yang digunakan untuk pencampuran yaitu yang telah melalui proses fermentasi dan destilasi refluks. Tahapan yang pertama yaitu pembuatan etanol dengan menggunakan proses destilasi untuk mendapat kemurnian diatas 80%. Tahapan selanjutnya yaitu proses pencampuran dilakukan dengan konsentrasi etanol dengan kemurnian 92%-98%, dan hasil cracking kerosene dengan beberapa variasi titik didih. Kerosene dituangkan kedalam gelas ukur dengan volume 7 ml dan etanol konsentrasi 92%-98% dimasukkan secara perlahan hingga membentuk emulsi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa campuran antara kerosene, air dan kemurnian etanol 98%, hanya dibutuhkan sedikit volume untuk menjadi 1 fasa. Tapi, untuk pencampuran kerosene, air dan kemurnian etanol 92% dibutuhkan volume yang banyak. Hasil yang mudah tercampur yaitu produk kerosene yang pertama 192-198℃ karena, mendekati rantai karbon gasoline. Sedangkan, untuk hasil produk kerosene 272-276℃ agak sulit tercampur menjadi 1 fasa karena, rantai karbonnya mendekati bahan bakar diesel. Kata kunci : Etanol, Kerosene, Emulsi, Pohon Aren (Arenga pinnata)
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Imelda. "Indoor Air Pollution and Infant Mortality: A New Approach." AEA Papers and Proceedings 108 (May 1, 2018): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20181119.
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I propose a new approach to estimate the impact of changes in indoor air quality on infant mortality. I use a quasi-experimental design, leveraging the largest kerosene to liquid petroleum gas (LPG) conversion program implemented in a developing country. The Indonesian government redirected kerosene subsidy budgets to LPG, a more efficient and cleaner fuel compared to kerosene. LPG produces significantly less indoor air pollution compared to kerosene. I find 4 fewer infants died per 10,000 live births due to the program. In the developing world, one billion kerosene users switching to LPG can save about 7,000 infants per year.
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Li, Fei, Taiyu Wang, Kai Yang, et al. "Effect of fuel temperature on mixing characteristics of a kerosene jet injected into a cavity-based supersonic combustor." Physics of Fluids 35, no. 4 (2023): 043307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0145494.
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To explain the phenomenon observed in previous experiments of kerosene-ignition failure in scramjet combustors as the kerosene temperature increases, we numerically investigate the mixing characteristics of a kerosene jet injected into a cavity-based supersonic combustor at different injection temperatures by using a compressible two-phase flow large-eddy simulation based on the Eulerian–Lagrangian approach. The results indicate that, upon injecting kerosene at high temperatures, the flow field preceding the leading edge of the cavity is similar to a typical gas jet in supersonic crossflow. The wall counter-rotating vortex pair (CVP) develops more fully and eventually becomes the main vortex pair. This evolution of the wall CVP modifies the cavity shear layer and alters the local flow-field characteristics near the cavity. Upon injecting kerosene at high temperatures, its evaporation rate increases sharply and the cavity recirculation zone enlarges, which causes more kerosene vapor to be entrained into the cavity. Because the kerosene-vapor temperature is lower than that of the low-speed fluid in the cavity, a significant amount of kerosene vapor entering the cavity not only makes the mass fraction of kerosene in the cavity exceed the fuel stoichiometric mass fraction but also reduces the temperature in the cavity, which negatively impacts the ignition process. The ignition delay time is much longer when the injection temperature is high, which is consistent with the inability of the initial flame kernel to form in the experiment.
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Zhao, Yuxuan, Enhua Wang, and Zhicheng Shi. "Numerical Investigation of the Ignition Delay Time of Kerosene Premixed Combustion in an SI Engine." Energies 15, no. 5 (2022): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15051744.
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SI engines are installed widely in small aircrafts as they have good fuel economy. Currently, these SI engines are fueled with gasoline, although their safety can be improved if kerosene is used. However, the combustion performance of kerosene cannot fulfil the requirements due to the differences in physicochemical properties. This study investigates the ignition delay time of kerosene at a pressure range of 15–35 bar and a temperature range of 600–1000 K. A detailed chemical reaction mechanism is employed for the premixed combustion process. Under the initial conditions of 1000 K and 35 bar, with an equivalence ratio of 1, the total ignition delay time of kerosene is 0.401 ms. The NTC range of kerosene is determined as roughly 750–920 K. Subsequently, the chemical reaction paths with an equivalence ratio of 0.8, 1, and 1.2 and an initial pressure of 15, 20, and 25 bar were analyzed. The rate-determined elementary reactions were obtained based on a sensitivity analysis. The difference between kerosene and gasoline are also compared, and the rate-determining reactions that affect the ignition of kerosene and gasoline are discussed. The results of this study can provide a reference for the combustion performance improvement and knock suppression of SI engines fueled with kerosene.
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Matveev, S. G. "Development of blend composition of aviation kerosene surrogate for the simulation of workflow of gas turbine engine combustion chamber." VESTNIK of Samara University. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering 18, no. 1 (2019): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2541-7533-2019-18-1-78-87.
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In this paper, the criteria for determining the composition and physicochemical properties of aviation kerosene were formulated. The data on the physicochemical properties of known kerosene surrogates were systematized and classified. The main classes of individual chemical components of aviation kerosene were determined, and the main representatives of these classes which were used in the preparation of surrogates, were investigated. Four- and six-component kerosene substitutes are proposed. The physical properties of the developed surrogates were validated according to the flow characteristics and the spray angle of the flame of a centrifugal fuel nozzle. The dependence of the flame speed on the composition of the mixture of developed kerosene surrogates was determined. The results of determining the composition of combustion products during the combustion of TS-1 brand aviation kerosene and its surrogates in a model combustion chamber were compared.
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Singh, Ranjan Kumar. "Kerosene Oil Pneumonitis." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 12, no. 6 (2021): 116–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v12i6.36847.
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Radiographic abnormalities in the lungs are very common in an individual positive for HIV antibodies. Majority of lesions are of infective or neoplastic in origin. We present a case of chemical pneumonitis following regurgitation of kerosene oil in a patient positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies. Chemical pneumonitis is diagnosed with a characteristic clinical history of regurgitation of fluid and gravity-dependent infiltration in the lung on chest x-ray. Another condition arising from the aspiration of the fluid/chemical is negative-pressure pulmonary oedema which results from laryngeal spasm following regurgitation of fluid. Chest radiography, however, distinguishes it from chemical pneumonitis. Bilateral infiltration is seen in the former, while lesion at dependent portion of right lung is seen in the latter condition.
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Singh, Ranjan Kumar. "Kerosene Oil Pneumonitis." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 12, no. 6 (2021): 136–37. https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v12i6.3586.
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Radiographic abnormalities in the lungs are very common in an individual positive for HIV antibodies. Majority of lesions are of infective or neoplastic in origin. We present a case of chemical pneumonitis following regurgitation of kerosene oil in a patient positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies. Chemical pneumonitis is diagnosed with a characteristic clinical history of regurgitation of fluid and gravity-dependent infiltration in the lung on chest x-ray. Another condition arising from the aspiration of the fluid/chemical is negative-pressure pulmonary oedema which results from laryngeal spasm following regurgitation of fluid. Chest radiography, however, distinguishes it from chemical pneumonitis. Bilateral infiltration is seen in the former, while lesion at dependent portion of right lung is seen in the latter condition.
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Nixon, S. A. "Kerosene-induced abscesses." Archives of Internal Medicine 145, no. 9 (1985): 1743a—1743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.145.9.1743a.
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Nixon, Sam A. "Kerosene-Induced Abscesses." Archives of Internal Medicine 145, no. 9 (1985): 1743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1985.00360090219045.
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Halder, Pankaj, Anindya Chattopadhyay, SomakKrishna Biswas, and Niladri Mukherjee. "Pyothorax following kerosene ingestion: A severe complication of kerosene poisoning." Indian Journal of Respiratory Care 10, no. 1 (2021): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijrc.ijrc_40_20.
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Andrade-Eiroa, Auréa, Philippe Dagaut, and Guillaume Dayma. "Polar Aromatic Compounds in Soot from Premixed Flames of Kerosene, Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene, and Kerosene–Synthetic Biofuels." Energy & Fuels 35, no. 14 (2021): 11427–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c00422.
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Arawomo, Damilola Felix. "Is Giffen behaviour compatible with residential demand for cooking gas and kerosene?" International Journal of Energy Sector Management 13, no. 1 (2019): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-04-2016-0007.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the compatibility of Giffen behaviour with residential demand for kerosene and cooking gas. Design/methodology/approach In total, 600 questionnaires were administered on selected households in Ondo State while 485 were retrieved. Both ordinary least square and instrumental variables (IVs) were estimated, while, the IV estimated result was preferred. Findings The result showed that Giffen behaviour is compatible with the demand for kerosene in Ondo State, but not for cooking gas. As regard to other factors, prices of the alternatives to kerosene and cooking gas have positive but insignificant impact on the demand for the respective products. Age of the household has a positive significant impact on the demand for kerosene and cooking gas. Household in which the heads has tertiary education demand for kerosene and cooking gas more than those without any form of education. Larger households consume more of both commodities than smaller households. Research limitations/implications Based on these findings, the authors recommend that government should continue to subsidize either the production or consumption of household kerosene. Practical implications Consumers should not mind the initial expenditure in purchasing cylinder for cooking gas as subsequent expenditure would be lower than that of kerosene. Social implications Regulators should brace to ensure that kerosene and cooking gas be made available at government-regulated prices, particularly by checkmating the activities of the “black-marketers.” Originality/value Two outstanding knowledge gaps that this paper filled are in the novelty of this paper regarding the application of Giffen behaviour to kerosene and cooking gas. Second, previous studies did not account for the potential endogeneity problem that is inherent in the joint demand for kerosene and cooking gas. This paper took care of this by estimating the model using IVs.
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Ali Muayad Sultan, Hammed S. Khamees, and Ayman A. Saleem. "Study the effect of kerosene on some physiological activities in Oscillatoria splendida." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 22, no. 1 (2023): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v22i1.609.
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The effect of different concentration of Kerosene had been examined upon Oscillatoria splendida, The optical density had been depended as measure for growth as well as chlorophyll a concentration, Phycocyanin pigment and protein concentration as an indicator of Kerosene effects, in addition to morphological changes. The optical density of growth in the control sample was (0.34), while it was (0.23) at 0.25% of kerosene concentration, It is noted slowing growth with high concentration of kerosene treatment, at 0.5% peak of growth was (0.08), and resisted the influence of the Kerosene transactions 1% and 2%, but with low growth values. concentration of chlorophyll pigment under effect of 0.25% was (0.32) mg /ml, for as low as (0.165) mg /ml at 0.5% of kerosene, Chlorophyll concentrations have fallen to the minimum under the influence of transactions 1% and 2%. Protein concentration was (0.215, 0.86) mg/ml under the influence of kerosene transactions 0.25% and 0.5% respectively, In spite of the doubling kerosene concentration to 1% and 2%, but the values of the protein did not reduced Completely. Some morphological changes were observed under the effect of kerosene such as yellowing of cells colors with a slight increase in the length of the cells. As well as the absorption spectrum infrared by FTIR show that the Oscillatoria splendida consume many of bundle such as (2870) cm-1 and (2950) cm-1, also the disappearance 2300) cm -1, 1500 cm -1, with the appearance a new bundle at (800) cm-1 Attributed to the introduction of a new compound not found in control sample.
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Aldy, Dachrul, Rusdidjas Rusdidjas, and Helena Siregar. "Accidental Poisoning in Children with Special Reference to Kerosene Poisoning." Paediatrica Indonesiana 18, no. 1-2 (2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi18.1-2.1978.45-50.
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A 6-year (1970- 1975) retrospective study of kerosene poisoning in children admitted to the General Hospital, Medan, is presented. The total number of admission was 10.643, 124 of which were kerosene poisoning. Tho mortality was 4.8%. In North Sumatera the incidence of kerosene poisoning along with the consumption of kerosene showed an increasing trend. The male to female ratio was 75 by 49 (3:2). The majority of cases were brought to the hospital within one hour after ingestion of kerosene. The presenting symptoms in the majority of cases were coughing (78.8%), vomiting (48.9%), dyspnoe 29%, fever 20.9%, brochopneumonia 12.9%, cyanosis 4.0%, and shock 1.6%. Treatment consisted of broad spectrum antibiotics, intravenous fluid, and oxygen administration. Kerosene in the household of the patients was used as fuel, either for cooking, or light source. More than 75% of the cases belonged to the lower socioeconomic class.
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Arinola, Ganiyu, Anindita Dutta, Oluwafemi Oluwole, and Christopher Olopade. "Household Air Pollution, Levels of Micronutrients and Heavy Metals in Cord and Maternal Blood, and Pregnancy Outcomes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (2018): 2891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122891.
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Cooking with kerosene emits toxic pollutants that may impact pregnancy outcomes. Sixty-eight women in their first trimester of pregnancy, kerosene users (n = 42) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) users (n = 26), were followed until birth. Maternal and cord blood were collected immediately after birth. Levels of micronutrients and heavy metals were quantified. Pregnancy outcomes (gestation age (GA), birth weight (BW), and chest and head circumference) were also measured. Mean (± standard deviation (SD)) age of mothers in kerosene and LNG groups were similar (p = 0.734). Mean (±SD) BW of newborns of LNG users was significantly higher compared to newborns of kerosene users (3.43 ± 0.32 vs. 3.02 ± 0.43, p < 0.001). Mean GA (in weeks) was similar between the two groups (p = 0.532). Women in the kerosene group had significantly higher cord blood levels of zinc, lead, mercury, iodine and vitamin B6 and lower levels of folic acid compared to LNG users (p < 0.05). Newborns of kerosene users had reduced levels of zinc, lead, mercury, iodine, vitamins B6 and B12, folic acid, and homocysteine compared with LNG users (p < 0.05). Also, cooking with kerosene was significantly associated with reduced birth weight after adjusting for potential confounders (β ± standard error (SE) = −0.326 ± 0.155; p = 0.040). Smoke from kerosene stove was associated with reduced birth weight and micronutrients imbalance in mothers and newborns.
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Bhikuning, Annisa, Muhammad Hafnan, and Jefa Danar Indra Wijaya. "PENGARUH PENCAMPURAN MINYAK TANAH DENGAN BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK DIESEL, BIODIESEL DAN LAINNYA - REVIEW." Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin 13, no. 3 (2022): 717–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/jrm.v13i3.1090.
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The use of diesel oil has been proven to increase exhaust emissions which will have an impact on the environment. Mixing diesel oil with other fuels can reduce exhaust emissions and increase combustion efficiency. This article discusses the review of mixing kerosene with diesel oil and biodiesel. The method was the fuel are running in the diesel engine and calculated the performance and emissions in the engine. The fuel properties of mixing kerosene with diesel oil and biodiesel can reduce the level of viscosity and specific gravity of the fuel and increase the calorific value which will have an impact on improving the atomization in combustion. In addition, mixing diesel oil and kerosene can reduce emissions such as CO2, CO, HC, particulate, and opacity. However, mixing kerosene with biodiesel can increase NOx emissions. In addition, the addition of kerosene in diesel oil can lead to low fuel consumption in diesel oil. The addition of kerosene with biodiesel will increase thermal efficiency. Therefore, it can be concluded that the addition of kerosene into diesel oil and biodiesel can improve engine performance in the engine and reduce some exhaust emissions.
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Shapiro, Tatiana, Konstantin Chekanov, Alina Alexandrova, Galina Dolnikova, Ekaterina Ivanova, and Elena Lobakova. "Revealing of Non-Cultivable Bacteria Associated with the Mycelium of Fungi in the Kerosene-Degrading Community Isolated from the Contaminated Jet Fuel." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 1 (2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7010043.
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Fuel (especially kerosene) biodamage is a challenge for global industry. In aviation, where kerosene is a widely used type of fuel, its biodeterioration leads to significant damage. Six isolates of micromycetes from the TS-1 aviation kerosene samples were obtained. Their ability to grow on the fuel was studied, and the difference between biodegradation ability was shown. Micromycetes belonged to the Talaromyces, Penicillium, and Aspergillus genera. It was impossible to obtain bacterial isolates associated with their mycelium. However, 16S rRNA metabarcoding and microscopic observations revealed the presence of bacteria in the micromycete isolates. It seems to be that kerosene-degrading fungi were associated with uncultured bacteria. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were abundant in the fungal cultures isolated from the TS-1 jet fuel samples. Most genera among these phyla are known as hydrocarbon degraders. Only bacteria-containing micromycete isolates were able to grow on the kerosene. Most likely, kerosene degradation mechanisms are based on synergism of bacteria and fungi.
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Shapiro, Tatiana, Konstantin Chekanov, Alina Alexandrova, Galina Dolnikova, Ekaterina Ivanova, and Elena Lobakova. "Revealing of Non-Cultivable Bacteria Associated with the Mycelium of Fungi in the Kerosene-Degrading Community Isolated from the Contaminated Jet Fuel." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 1 (2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7010043.
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Fuel (especially kerosene) biodamage is a challenge for global industry. In aviation, where kerosene is a widely used type of fuel, its biodeterioration leads to significant damage. Six isolates of micromycetes from the TS-1 aviation kerosene samples were obtained. Their ability to grow on the fuel was studied, and the difference between biodegradation ability was shown. Micromycetes belonged to the Talaromyces, Penicillium, and Aspergillus genera. It was impossible to obtain bacterial isolates associated with their mycelium. However, 16S rRNA metabarcoding and microscopic observations revealed the presence of bacteria in the micromycete isolates. It seems to be that kerosene-degrading fungi were associated with uncultured bacteria. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were abundant in the fungal cultures isolated from the TS-1 jet fuel samples. Most genera among these phyla are known as hydrocarbon degraders. Only bacteria-containing micromycete isolates were able to grow on the kerosene. Most likely, kerosene degradation mechanisms are based on synergism of bacteria and fungi.
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Li, Ying Long, Fu Rong Cao, and Dian Kun Lu. "Study on Clarification Behavior of Fe2O3/Kerosene Sludge under Strong Coupling of Ultrasonic Stationary Field." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 841–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.841.
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Two cofrequency ultrasonic fields were coupled directly by ultrasonic stationary coupling system to clarify Fe2O3/kerosene sludge medium and achieve the separation of Fe2O3/kerosene. Experimental results show that when sound intensity is close to 80% of the cavitation threshold value, stable stationary field can be formed in the sludge medium after the superposition of primary wave and secondary wave in the ultrasonic field. The acoustic radiation force drives Fe2O3 phase to cluster toward the wave node, the Fe2O3 phase above wave amplitude position floats by overcoming the gravity, and the Fe2O3 phase below wave amplitude position subsides so that the suspension effect occurs in the kerosene phase and the clarification and separation of sludge is achieved. When sound intensity is less than 30% of the cavitation threshold value, the suspension effect of ultrasonic field on kerosene phase disappears. In this case, kerosene phase floats on the surface of sludge medium but the separation of Fe2O3/kerosene cannot be realized.
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Sidjabat, Oberlin. "THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A MIXTURE OF KEROSENE AND BIODIESEL AS A SUBSTITUTED DIESEL FUEL." Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 36, no. 1 (2022): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.36.1.649.
Full textAbstract:
Physicochemical properties characterization a mixture of biodiesel and kerosene were carried out toinvestigate their potential use as a substituted diesel fuel for domestic purposes. The characteristic assessmentswere done by comparing the standard requirement for diesel fuel. The properties characterization of thebiodiesel blends with kerosene were density, viscosity, pour point, cloud point, distillation, and cetane number,which is related to the cold fl ow properties of biodiesel. The characteristics fuel property of biodiesel blendswith kerosene in proportion at 2.5:97.5, 5:95, 10:90, 15:85, 20:80, 30:70, and 50:50 was found mostlymeet the requirement the specifi cation of diesel fuel. Biodiesel is mixed with kerosene to bring many of thebenefi cial characteristics to be a substituted diesel fuel. Overall physicochemical characteristics of blendingfuel were reduced by the increasing of kerosene concentrations. Kerosene can play a role as a diluent agentto reduce the characteristic of cold fl ow properties of biodiesel.
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Bin Harharah, Amed Nasser, and Salmin Saed Elshaamal. "OSSIBILITY STUDY OF KEROSENE FRACTION PRODUCED FROM YEMEN CRUDE OIL AS JET FUEL WITH HIGH QUALITY SPECIFICATION." Journal of Engineering 12, no. 02 (2006): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2006.02.04.
Full textAbstract:
Laboratory investigation and many comparisons between laboratory and commercial samples ofYemeni kerosene distillates were carried out .The physico-chemical properties of the kerosenedistillates were determined . The possibility of their utilization as an aviation turbine fuel with highquality specification " assisting the increase of flight height and velocity " was confirmed . At thefirst look to obtained results , it is shown that the physicochemical properties for all samples are inthe international permissible limits. The carbon content is distributed as the following: 15% normalparaffin ; 50% branched paraffin ; 2% mono-cycloalkanes ; 16% bicycloalkanes ; 16% branchedmono-cycloaromat with branches prevailing ; 1% bicycloaromat . The samples are not hygroscopicfor long period of time . The smoke point is in higher limits standard . Where the freezing point isin lower limits standard .These points prove that the Yemeni kerosene might be prepared for aspectra of jet aircrafts. This Kerosen permit high flying height because it has lower density andfreezing point and it permit high velocity of aviation because it has high percentage of branshed andcyclparaffins with high specific energy without needed for addition of chemical additives, butmay be need for portion of isomers of paraffin.