Academic literature on the topic 'Key words: long-distance business'
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Journal articles on the topic "Key words: long-distance business"
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Schoney, R. A. "Information needs for long-run forward business planning — experiences with the Top Management Farm Business Simulator." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 76, no. 1 (1996): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps96-004.
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The importance of risk assessment in evaluating existing and new farm operations and new projects is emphasized in this paper. The Top Management Farm Business Simulator is a whole-farm financial-planning model that simulates up to 250 observations of farm income, expenses, cash flows and net worth for periods of up to 15 yr, using stochastic product prices and yields. Individual probability functions, as well as cross-correlations among stochastic variables, can be specified. Key words: Risk assessment, financial planning, crop management
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P., Prabhavathy, Arvind R., and Sowmiya A. "'Leadership and Group Communicational Skills is a Key to Business Success'." International Journal of Management and Humanities (IJMH) 4, no. 1 (2019): 16–18. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijmh.A0367.094119.
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Research has reported that IQ ranks next position to EI in concerning with an excellent job performance and long time target. Emotionally Intelligent persons have studied the meaning of life, living in harmony and peace with others. Instead, they react to the critical circumstances in a wise and smart behaviour, further to any situations. Skills, aims, talents, challenges, knowledge and competencies are very crucial to communicate effectively in varied personal, relational and professional contexts. Verbal and Non-verbal communication is thus mandatory for interpersonal skills in order to face real life activities. In the words of John Hancock, ‘The greatest ability in business is to get along with others and influence their actions’. Similarly, it is significant to keep in touch with enhancing ‘Soft Skills’ cum ‘Life Skills’ in one’s life. The major form of Group Communication includes Leadership traits and Theories, Team working, Task building and Maintenance strategies, Problem Solving, Brainstorming Sessions, Decision Making and Stress Management Strategies.
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Singh, Ankit Kumar. "Impact of Business Development and Marketing Practices on Enterprise Expansion in India." International Scientific Journal of Engineering and Management 04, no. 06 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/isjem04267.
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Abstract - This research investigates the impact of business development and marketing practices on the expansion of enterprises in India. In today’s competitive market landscape, enterprises must go beyond traditional approaches and embrace strategic development and customer-centric marketing to ensure long-term growth. This paper explores how initiatives such as market analysis, strategic partnerships, innovation, customer relationship management, and brand positioning contribute to business scalability and geographical outreach. A mixed-method approach, including literature review and primary data analysis from Indian enterprises, was employed to assess how these practices influence enterprise performance. Findings reveal that companies adopting integrated business development and marketing frameworks experience enhanced operational efficiency, improved customer retention, and increased revenue streams. Moreover, the role of influencer engagement, digital transformation, and localized content strategies emerged as key enablers of market penetration. This study underscores the importance of aligning business development goals with adaptive marketing strategies to achieve sustainable expansion. The implications are especially relevant for startups and mid-sized enterprises aiming to scale in diverse Indian markets. The paper concludes that strategically implemented business development and marketing efforts serve as critical levers for competitive advantage and long-term enterprise success in a rapidly evolving business ecosystem. Key Words: Business Development, Marketing Practices, Enterprise Growth, Strategic Expansion, Indian Market, Customer Engagement.
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Селеменева, О., and O. Selemenova. "The Typical Mistakes In the Texts of Written Business Communication Through the Infringement of Language Norms (on the Material of the Distance Learning Courses For State Employees of the Lipetsk Region)." Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 6, no. 4 (2017): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5976f512c01027.45058312.
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Person’s speech culture is the key to the organization of effective management. The poverty of vocabulary and inappropriate use of the language means in the business communication are an insurmountable linguistic barrier which blocks contacts of people. The article provides an overview of the typical mistakes made by students of the distance learning courses «Business Russian language on the Civil Service» (for example, indistinction of paronyms, using of pleonasm, hesitation in determining the gender of abbreviations, infringement of the rules of Russian speech etiquette and others). According to the author, some of these mistakes can be explained not only by the insufficient knowledge of the different types of standards, but also by the processes taking place in the linguistic field. For example, the process of intensification of borrowing and semantic changes in the lexicon leads to the formation of the words with the value shaded in the individual personality dictionary, the expansion of words from politics and economy leads to the increase of the frequency of functioning of the construction «dative with the preposition “on”» to transfer supplies relations.
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Bulgarão, Renato Márcio, George Bedinelli Rossi, and Rony Locher. "The Entry Process of Higher Education Institutions in Brazil: The Case of Laureate International Universities." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 3, no. 6 (2017): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijmsba.1849-5664-5419.2014.36.1001.
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This research aims to investigate the entry process of higher education institutions in Brazil, in particular, the case of Laureate International Universities. To do so, Cultural, Administrative, Economic and Geographic distances – CAGE Framework – were used and which of these distances has more importance in this entry process. A single case study was carried on. Data were collected from interviews, newspapers, and documents. Content analysis was done by grouping convergent ideas on dendrograms (trees words) which were evaluated 17 key terms to elucidate this research. The survey showed that in the case of Laureate international universities the cultural, administrative, geographic and economic distances influenced the entry process partially. Regarding all distances, Cultural distance is the most important aspect of the language and religion which imposes very different norms and behavior for conducting business and personal relationship. A second distance that has an impact is Administrative, concerning with currency instability as inflation, and for Economic distance, infrastructure differences are the most important point.
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Sharof, Aslanov Bo'stonovich. "HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE GREAT SILK ROAD." International journal of advanced research in education, technology and management 2, no. 1 (2023): 274–79. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7562041.
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<strong>Annotation:</strong> The Silk Road trade played a significant role in opening political and economic relations between China, Korea, Japan, middle Asia, India, Iran, Europe, the Horn of Africa and Arabia. In addition to goods, the network facilitated an unprecedented exchange of ideas, religions (especially Buddhism), philosophies, and scientific discoveries, many of which were syncretised or reshaped by the societies that encountered them. This article briefly describes the historical significance of Silk Road.
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Tanaka, Hiroya, Suzanne M. Yonesaka, Yukie Ueno, and Akio Ohnishi. "An e-portfolio to enhance sustainable vocabulary learning in English." EuroCALL Review 23, no. 1 (2015): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/eurocall.2015.4663.
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<span>Vocabulary is an area that requires foreign language learners to work independently and continuously both in and out of class. In the Japanese EFL setting, for example, more than 97% of the population experiences approximately six years of English education at secondary school during which time they are required to learn approximately 3,000 words (i.e., lemmas). Given the lexical distance between Japanese and English, this leaves Japanese university EFL learners with a long way to go before they can acquire a sufficient number of words to comprehend authentic texts in English. To help Japanese university EFL learners sustain their vocabulary learning, the researchers have developed </span><em>Lexinote,</em><span> an e-portfolio system that allows learners to record and save the target words they encounter online, to search for them in online dictionaries, to practice them in several ways including written and oral rehearsals according to word familiarity (i.e., level of understanding of each lexical item), and to share their own output with peers. Learners are guided to monitor and control their vocabulary learning metacognitively according to word familiarity. </span><em>Lexinote </em><span>also provides learners with multimedia materials such as audio lessons for business and academic vocabulary development and online video lectures to prepare for classes conducted in English. Instructors can monitor students' learning records by number of words recorded, by type of practices chosen, and by how frequently they edit their learning records. This paper introduces the key concepts and basic functions of </span><em>Lexinote </em><span>and discusses how it can benefit learners, instructors, CALL researchers and developers with results from a survey on learners' perceptions.</span>
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Raule1, Varsha, Krishna Yadav, Pavan Borade, Sahil Wakhare, and Gajanan Navaghare. "Integrated Customer Relationship Management System for Enhanced Business Intelligence and Efficiency." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 03 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem43377.
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Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is a strategic blend of people, processes, and technology aimed at understanding and enhancing customer relationships. It takes an integrated approach to customer retention and engagement, ensuring long-term business growth. The evolution of CRM is driven by advancements in information technology and shifts toward customer-centric business models. Organizations that implement CRM effectively can achieve higher customer loyalty and improved profitability. However, many companies struggle with successful adoption due to a lack of understanding that CRM is not just a technological solution but a comprehensive, organization-wide transformation. A successful CRM strategy requires a well-balanced integration of technology, optimized business processes, and a customer-focused workforce. This research explores the development of an Integrated Customer Relationship Management System to enhance business intelligence and operational efficiency. Key Words: Customer Relationship Management, CRM System, Business Intelligence, Customer Retention, Workflow Efficiency, Data Management
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Franjic, Sinisa. "Family and Business are Important Parts in Every Family Enterprise." International Journal of Family Business and Management 3, no. 3 (2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15226/2577-7815/3/3/00136.
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An important part of any economy is family-owned enterprises, especially in developed countries, which have a long tradition of entrepreneurship and private ownership. A family business is a combination of two different terms - family and business. On the one hand, a family is a group of people in which a person is born, grows up, who also cares for and protects him until the moment he creates his own family, in which the same cycle repeats itself over and over again. The enterprise, on the other hand, is also a group of people, but it is bound by the interest of pursuing a profit-making activity that ensures the employees’ daily existence, and the owners of these companies achieve their ultimate goal, which is to maximize personal wealth. The aim of this paper is focusing the attention of future entrepreneurs on some of the most important components of any successful family business. Key words: Family; Business; Leadership; Entrepreneurship; Economy
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Lisse, Stanislav. "Strategic management and business model." Tehnika 78, no. 2 (2023): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika2302237l.
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With the help of numerous quotes from books and textbooks by contemporary authors of indispensable works on strategy and strategic management, I tried to provide the reader with a series of definitions of key terms and point out the importance of the correct sequence of activities in the strategy development phase. Strategic management, although young, is a very large scholarly field (most textbooks focus mainly on strategy development, the first of the three phases of strategic management, and most are more than 900 pages long). The second and third phases, the implementation and evaluation of the strategy, are mostly omitted with the explanation that they depend on the economic branch in which the organization operates. Here is article four, excerpted from my unpublished monograph on business strategy. In the previous three articles, I tried to present, through quotes from renowned authors, the modern understanding of strategy and its role in the organization's efforts to achieve a favorable position on the market and successfully resist the attacks of agile competitors. Many academics believe that a business model is a picture (a picture is worth a thousand words) of a realized strategy and that it is the finale of strategic management, which consists of a series of activities that natural evolution has kept as crucial in the fight for the survival of not only living beings but also of every organization.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Key words: long-distance business"
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Lundgren, Sørli Vanja. "In a Man´s World : Tolkninger av lovbrudd gjort i langtransportens yrkeskontekst." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Criminology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-520.
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<p>Criminological studies have shown that economical and/or occupational crimes are committed within all examined trades and occupations. This is also a fact in the gendered occupational context the Norwegian and Swedish long-distance trucking trade constitutes. This dissertation sets out to determine, by qualitative in-depth interviews with 24 interviewees and field observations, what certain gaining occupational and economical crimes mean to trade actors and how to interpret the meaning criminologically. A hermeneutical orientation constitutes the methodological and epistemological basis of the interpretation.</p><p>Analysis of the material shows two central consistent patterns in the interpretations made by interviewees and other trade actors:</p><p>1) T<u>he actors´ explanations of why law violations are committed</u>. These are influenced by the actors´ view of how wide the specific violations are spread and influence the violation’s acceptability.</p><p>2) <u>The actors´ normative evaluation of the law violations</u>. The actors construct normative distinctions between normal, acceptable and unacceptable actions. The distinction is influenced by how the law violations are explained and how widespread they are considered to be.</p><p>The first pattern; actors interpretation of why law violations are committed, corresponds with explanations in established criminological theories. The actors’ explanations are discussed as techniques of neutralisation. However, explanations of cause of actions are established also in the discourse of trade-actors who do not violate laws, and a deeper interpretation is called for. A discussion about law violations, based on interviewees discourse, as caused by criminogenic structures are developed. The actors identify the structures as criminogenic and this discourse of coersive structures implies conservation of law violations as part of normality. An interpretation of why several but not all individuals violate laws even if the law violations considers to be normal and acceptable, is developed in terms of differential association.</p><p>However, solely use of established theoretical perspectives is not a sufficient interpretation of the law violations; the perspective of interpretation indicated by the second pattern will then be lost. Why is law violations considered both normal and deviant? This dissertation applies a gender-theoretical perspective and argues that actors constitute masculinity through acceptable law violations and that masculinity and normality are correlated. A cultural discourse of borders between normality and deviance is conserved and processed, and the actors discourses of law violations as without victims and as a necessity to continue as truckers, are central in the normalization of normative borders.</p>
Books on the topic "Key words: long-distance business"
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Bagnoli, Carlo, and Eleonora Masiero. L’impresa significante fra tradizione e innovazione. Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-572-8.
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This study explores the idea of a significant business, framing it through the key concepts that define it and illustrating it through a case study that narrates the evolution of a century-old company. Born as an intellectual response to the economic and financial crisis of 2008, the significant business is conceived as an entity capable of enduring over time through the creation of value and its distribution within the community in which it operates. The significant business should be also aware of its own identity and of the need to innovate itself over time considering the synergies and the collaborations that the territory offers, to continue to create wealth. This contribution is part of a series of works that, resulting from numerous action-research projects coordinated by Professor Carlo Bagnoli, have seen as protagonists the companies and their strategic innovation. The starting point of many of these projects is the Manifesto of the Significant Company (Bagnoli et al. 2015), which aims at imagining a business model able to explore and innovate the company to increase its competitiveness, and also to restore meaning to the company itself, through the definition of its own identity. Contributing to previous works, this book explores the idea of significant enterprise by adopting a business and a historical perspective. The first part of the book deals with the business perspective, to introduce the value model commonly used in action research studies undertaken by the spin-off Strategy Innovation of Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, and to describe the specific model of a significant business. The second part of the book narrates the story of a centuries-long business, Barovier&Toso, exploring its evolutions. Focusing on the different perspectives that shaped the key concepts and narrating the path followed by a centenary company, this work hopes to shed further light on this fascinating theme together with the reader.
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Chambers, K. Dennis. The Entrepreneur's Guide to Writing Business Plans and Proposals. Praeger, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400646645.
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Entrepreneurs—and entrepreneurial companies—live or die by the quality of their plans and proposals. Whether it's to get funding for a new product line or business from a client, writing hard-hitting prose that answers essential questions and makes specific requests is an indispensable skill. Entrepreneur, ad man, and writing teacher Dennis Chambers shows how entrepreneurs can persuade people, through skillful writing, to pony up capital or contracts. This ability—which can be learned—is rare in today's media-saturated world. But it counts more than ever if an entrepreneur wants to make it over the magical five-year hump and on into lasting business success. Numerous examples and exercises ensure that entrepreneurs understand how the writing game is played—and that they play it well. Unfortunately, most don't play this game well. Most business writers mistakenly believe their task is to inform. They write to fill an information gap or to update the reader on a particular project. Or they write about what's important to them. What these writers do not take into account is that the speed of today's work world has reached overdrive. The typical reader simply doesn't have time to ponder dense, poorly organized information and intuit the appropriate action. And readers don't give a hoot about what's important to the writer—they want to know what's in it for themselves. Business writers need to use all the tools at their command to persuade, inspire action, and in general move a project forward. This book is about how to be persuasive in two key skills in business: writing proposals and writing business plans. Step by step, Dennis Chambers illustrates the techniques of effective business writing, with numerous examples throughout. Whether the objective is to secure financing from an investor, lay out a marketing strategy, or secure a large contract, getting results requires crafting an effective structure for the proposal, and using words that sell. Chambers is an able guide in saving entrepreneurs time and undue effort while reaching the goal of long-term business success.
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Harris, Ron. Going the Distance. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691150772.001.0001.
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Before the seventeenth century, trade across Eurasia was mostly conducted in short segments along the Silk Route and Indian Ocean. Business was organized in family firms, merchant networks, and state-owned enterprises, and dominated by Chinese, Indian, and Arabic traders. However, around 1600 the first two joint-stock corporations, the English and Dutch East India Companies, were established. This book tells the story of overland and maritime trade without Europeans, of European Cape Route trade without corporations, and of how new, large-scale, and impersonal organizations arose in Europe to control long-distance trade for more than three centuries. It shows that by 1700, the scene and methods for global trade had dramatically changed: Dutch and English merchants shepherded goods directly from China and India to northwestern Europe. To understand this transformation, the book compares the organizational forms used in four major regions: China, India, the Middle East, and Western Europe. The English and Dutch were the last to leap into Eurasian trade, and they innovated in order to compete. They raised capital from passive investors through impersonal stock markets and their joint-stock corporations deployed more capital, ships, and agents to deliver goods from their origins to consumers. The book explores the history behind a cornerstone of the modern economy, and how this organizational revolution contributed to the formation of global trade and the creation of the business corporation as a key factor in Europe's economic rise.
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Damodaran, A. Managing Arts in Times of Pandemics and Beyond. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192856449.001.0001.
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The work seeks to provide a management perspective about museums, theatres, and related organizations (like auction houses) from the angles of philosophy, policy, organizational design, economics, and technology. The work seeks to examine the unprecedented crisis engendered by the COVID-19 pandemic on arts organizations across the world and the management strategies adopted to handle the pandemic. The work delves into the immense significance of digital technologies such as streaming technologies, algorithm-driven sales, and information storing digital ledgers like blockchains in guiding the fortunes of the arts organization both during and beyond the phase of pandemics. The key message of the book is that art organizations will not be the same even after the COVID-19 pandemic. Arts organizations that have for long relied on the real world of exhibitions and performances will be tempted to straddle in both the real and virtual models. Their revenue earnings models will also be more diversified than at present, so would their reach to their customers. Further the advent of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) based on blockchain platform Ethereum, it is argued, will turn democratize the world of creation, collection, and consumption thus nudging extant institutions to change their prevalent methods of doing business in arts works.
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Woo, Jaejoon. Confronting South Korea's Next Crisis. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864424.001.0001.
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South Korea’s economic miracle is a well-known story. However, today Korea is confronting a new set of internal and external risks, which may foreshadow the next crisis. The Korean economy has struggled with a faltering growth momentum and the rise of unprecedented socio-economic problems well before the pandemic crisis. After abrupt downshifts to markedly slower growth in the early 2000s, economic growth has continued to decelerate. Koreans are grappling with slow income growth, all time-high household debt, high youth unemployment, inequality, and social polarization. Politics is in disarray and is incapable of directing social discourse for the common good. Rapid population aging along with the world’s lowest fertility rates stokes fears of Japanification. Simultaneously, disruptive technologies and a fast-changing business environment, including the rise of China, clash with a range of long-standing structural problems. The contemporary challenges are radically different from those seen in the early stages of industrialization. There are multiple risks that threaten to self-perpetuate low or stagnant growth over the next decade or so, if not an outright financial crisis. Motivated by these latest developments, this book seeks to provide a timely and in-depth analysis of key current issues and foreseeable challenges of the economy, with a provocative reassessment of its future. Based on extensive new empirical works, it examines the underlying causes of the socio-economic problems. In a constructive spirit, it puts into perspective what would constitute critical elements of ideal policy solutions and the direction of the future government’s role.
Book chapters on the topic "Key words: long-distance business"
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Mundy, Simon, and Esmée Schilte. "The Future of Broadcasting." In Key Issues in the Arts and Entertainment Industry. Goodfellow Publishers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/978-1-906884-20-8-1430.
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At the end of the last century, a dictionary could confidently define broadcasting as the transmission of a signal for television or radio. Within a decade, every element of that definition had changed. Transmission had branched out from the cumbersome business of placing masts bearing receivers and transmitters at the highest vantage points across the countryside. A signal was no longer confined to the band waves that the air could carry — invisible streams snaking their way across the landscape: Ultra High Frequency (UHF) carrying television, as long as the hills weren’t in the way; Very High Frequency (VHF or FM)carrying wonderful quality sound, as long as the same hills were not joined by chimneys, bodies, the wrong sort of cloud or stonework; Long Wave, unstoppable by anything except distance, it seemed,carrying cricket and the shipping forecast across Europe and far out to sea; Medium Wave(AM), the carrier of choice for hosts of daytime local music stations and great for listening in the car, but hopeless when night fell and the waves went bouncing around the ionosphere bringing martial music from Albania where the football commentary should have been; and Short Wave — the touchiest of the wave bands, that made catching the words as hard as catching fish, but finally gave national broadcasters a global reach.
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Aliphana, Sabri. "The key drivers of sustainable practices in SMEs." In No Question: Sustainability is Everyone’s Business : IV. BBS International Sustainability Student Conference Proceedings. Budapest Business School, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29180/9786156342386_12.
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According to the Globalization Council (2009), SMEs have more potential to meet important environmental and social targets than MNCs. However, it is quite challenging even for SMEs to synchronize sustainable development with the financial outcomes of a business and still offer economic prosperity. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to do a comprehensive investigation of the external and internal determinants which have an influence on the SMEs’ incentive to contribute to society, both socially and environmentally. I used the systematic literature review technique to list the external and internal drivers of the sustainability practices in SMEs which were identified globally by various researchers. For policymakers and also for SMEs owners and managers, this paper can have practical implication, They should keep in mind that if SMEs want to get more benefits from their sustainability efforts, they should consider sustainability as a long-term strategy, in other words, if SMEs adopt environmental practices mainly due to strategic intent, not only cost saving intent, and focus on long-run financial and market position payoffs, they can be still beneficial and even increase their profits
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Kargas, Antonios, and Anastasios Aretos. "Transforming Strategic Management Using Agile Methodologies." In Advances in Logistics, Operations, and Management Science. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-9261-1.ch018.
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The international business environment is characterized by high complexity while gaining a competitive advantage and achieving long-term sustainability is a hard–gained goal. A key in reaching that goal lies on flexible methodologies that affect strategic management. The chapter's aim is to research on aspects related with Scrum's implementation and productivity/quality achieved, where a need for constant research exists. Systematic literature review was conducted in order to choose the most relevant studies and to code the key words and themes that seem most important to address this relationship, while two interviews with Scrum's experts came to provide empirical information. The most important aspects for successful agile methodologies' adoption are presented, while results indicate that “adoption” and “perception” seem to be the most critical factors for its successful implementation. Moreover, a widespread extended misconception about agile methodologies is presented leading to hybrid situations in strategic management where both agile principles and hierarchical control are used.
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Singh, Bhupinder, Kittisak Wongmahesak, and Saurabh Chandra. "Specifying Key Strategies and Tactics for Content Marketing." In Practical Strategies and Case Studies for Online Marketing 6.0. IGI Global, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-2058-8.ch003.
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Content marketing is an essential strategy for any business looking to improve its online presence and connect with its target audience. As a part of web marketing strategy, Search Engine Optimization (SEO) content trustworthiness is a critical factor in increasing content visibility, organic traffic and brand authority in competitive digital markets. This chapter details essential strategies and techniques in content marketing including the fundamentals of SEO as key word research, on-Page and off-Page optimization, high-quality content generation and technical SEO implementation. It emphasizes even more the need to integrate data analytics, artificial intelligence and user intent to fine-tune content strategies. These SEO strategies, when applied together, ensure that businesses rank higher in search engine results pages, engage users effectively, and support long-term organic growth. For marketers who want to widen their online presence and enhance a strong digital footprint, the study provides practical insight and advice.
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Harris, Ron. "Conclusion." In Going the Distance. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691150772.003.0014.
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This chapter talks about the interplay between family, religion, and ruler—three key components of every premodern society, which was the major factor in shaping the pattern of migration of the various organizational forms. The interplay determined the resistance of regions and civilizations outside Europe to the importation and transplantation of the business corporation. It argues that sixteenth-century Europeans, particularly the Portuguese, did not design a good institutional framework for conducting Cape Route trade with Asia. Seventeenth-century Europeans, led by the Dutch and the English, designed an institutional framework that suited their environmental challenges well and facilitated long-distance trade between Europe and Asia. The chapter emphasizes that organizational factors determined the rise of English and Dutch Eurasian trade dominance in the seventeenth century—asserting instead that technology and violence had more determinative weight.
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Semwal, Rajeev, Nandita Tripathi, and Udit Kumar Pandey. "Leveraging Artificial Intelligence in Service Marketing to Enhance Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM)." In AI Innovations in Service and Tourism Marketing. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-7909-7.ch012.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool in shaping electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) dynamics within service marketing. This chapter explores the predicted long-term impact of AI-enhanced eWOM on the service marketing landscape and offers strategic recommendations for businesses to remain competitive. Predicted effects include hyper-personalization, enhanced customer engagement, and a shift in customer expectations towards seamless experiences. To capitalize on these trends, businesses must invest in AI capabilities, prioritize data ethics, and embrace innovation. Advanced analytics, AI-driven chatbots, and personalized recommendation engines are key tools for delivering exceptional customer experiences. Moreover, maintaining transparency, consent, and data security is crucial for building trust and regulatory compliance. By leveraging AI-enhanced eWOM, businesses can foster stronger customer relationships, increase brand loyalty, and drive long-term success in the digital era.
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Bollier, David. "Intellectual Property in the Digital Age." In Key Issues in the Arts and Entertainment Industry. Goodfellow Publishers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/978-1-906884-20-8-1442.
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Once a backwater of law that elicited little interest beyond arts and entertainment industries and their lawyers, over the past generation, copyright law has become a major arena of social and political conflict. Many clashes amount to tactical skirmishes among companies for competitive advantage — a long and familiar dynamicin copyright law. But much of the turmoil revolves around a deeper issue: what legal principles and social norms should be used to promote new creativity, especially when the Internet and other digital technologies are involved? Many Internet users, academics, software programmers, artists and citizens criticise the expansion of copyright law and its enforcement as an obnoxious limitation on their basic freedoms. Content industries, for their part (with significant exceptions among large Internet-based companies like Google) tend to regard expansive copyright protection and enforcement as indispensable for sustaining creativity itself. This chapter describes the profound shifts that copyright law has undergone over the past 20 years as digital technologies have disrupted mass media markets and changed people’s stake in copyright law. As we saw in Chapter 2, the 20th century business models for media industries treated people as passive audiences, whose chief role was to ‘consume’ works made by professionals and sold in the marketplace. This changed with the arrival of the Internet. Telecommunications and digital technologies have enabled ordinary people to become prolific creators in their own right. The ‘people formerly known as the audience’, in Jay Rosen’s memorable phrase (Rosen, 2006), have become bloggers, musicians, remix artists, video producers, website curators, hackers, academic collaborators, and much else. Ordinary people can generate, copy, modify and share works with a global public without having to deal with commercial content intermediaries such as publishers, record labels or studios.
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Pickover, Clifford A. "Your Space or Mine?" In In Time. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195120424.003.0008.
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Abstract Constantia winds a long scarf around her neck. “How far is it to Rockefeller Center?” “A few blocks.” You pause. “Let’s continue our lessons. Today I want to talk about distances in spacetime. I want to tell you about spacetime intervals, Minkowskian space, and null intervals.” Stooping down, you motion to a little alley next to a jewelry shop that has the words GOING OUT OF BUSINESS on the store front. You whip out a piece of chalk and draw two dots on the sidewalk (Fig. 7.1). “Here is Rockefeller Center, and here is Grand Central Station. In my drawing, both axes represent space. We can define a distance metric in terms of differential movements between Rockefeller Center and Grand Central Station.
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Capelo, Carlos. "Exploring the Dynamics of an Energy Service Venture." In Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurial Development and Innovation Within Smart Cities. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1978-2.ch013.
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This paper describes the development of a system dynamics model for exploring and learning about the dynamics of an energy service company (ESCO) which business is based on energy performance contracting (EPC). The simulation of that model provides a helpful basis for analysing and explaining the development of key variables, and for accelerating learning on the managerial processes that are critical for the success of the venture. The simulation of the modelled firm produces an overall insignificant market value added mainly due to long sales cycles, indicating a low probability of success. The model is sensitive to changes in the word-of-mouth contact rate parameter which suggests that effective management interventions should consider initiatives that accelerate word-of-mouth among EPC adopters and prospects.
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Fox, Raymond. "Photography, Art, and Quasi-art." In The Use of Self. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190616144.003.0019.
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Photographs and artwork celebrate and evoke creativity and curiosity. Stirring a thirst in students for delving beyond words into deeper consciousness, planting kernels of curiosity, whetting their appetite for learning counts for much more than pouring information into their heads. Photographs and artwork play a prominent part in my teaching and practice. While I have absolutely no talent in either art or photography, each nevertheless has educational and therapeutic value in sharpening students’ cognitive ability and honing their emotional sensitivity. It is frustrating to convey the elusive essence of photography and artwork as educational adjuncts. They have a palpable impact on learning, practice, and fostering productive and healthy interaction. Both photography and art embody so much more than words can say. They offer for teachers and students alike a more raw and honest means of communication than words do. They change ways of seeing. More than for their aesthetic impact, photographs and artwork are versatile and riveting in teaching. They nurture spontaneity, reduce distance between students and students, and students and you. In the long run, images have staying power. They remain in students’ minds far better and far longer than words do. They promote retention and recall. They help to make the invisible visible by compressing intangible and ephemeral ideas into concrete form. They transform the intangible and tacit into the graphic and tangible. Photographs and artwork, drawn upon in a variety of ways, amplify key points, direct attention to non-traditional material, arouse an array of senses, and appeal to different learning styles. Because they are so palpable, the language of visual line, color, and image deepens comprehension. Photographs and artwork readily trigger associations. No question, ‘‘A picture is worth a thousand words.’’ Words sometimes have a tendency to obscure meaning. Have at hand a diversity of nonverbal techniques for student expression. A multidimensional approach makes it more possible to access the inner person. Photographs and artwork make it possible to go beyond talking; they speak a language of sensation and symbolization. The distinctive benefits of using photographs and artwork are stimulation and motivation, definition and elucidation.
Conference papers on the topic "Key words: long-distance business"
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Koleva, Nataliya, and Siyka Demirova. "Re-manufacturing as a tool for increasing the sustainability of business processes." In Industrial Growth Conference 2024. Az-buki National Publishing House, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53656/igc-2024.17.
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The issue of business process sustainability is becoming increasingly important for modern businesses, encouraging industrial enterprises to seek effective ways for the long-term preservation of resources and the minimization of negative environmental impacts—in other words, transforming current business models into sustainable ones. Re-manufacturing, or the process of restoring and recycling products and materials, plays a key role in this context. Innovations in re-manufacturing offer new opportunities to create sustainable business models that not only meet environmental standards but also provide economic and social benefits. The aim of this article is to explore the significance of re-manufacturing in creating sustainable and competitive businesses in the modern economy, while also addressing the challenges and barriers to implementing reproduction practices and offering practical guidelines for overcoming them. In this regard, the article presents a comprehensive analysis of current trends and innovations in the field and discusses how re-manufacturing processes can be integrated into business strategies to achieve greater efficiency and environmental responsibility.
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Khan, Kehar, Thanaporn Buarod, and Juthamas Kaewpijit. "Sustainable Impact of Organic Farming: A Social Constructivist Perspective." In 8TH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE. Tomorrow People Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52987/sdc.2021.007.
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Abstract The bottom-line for businesses is to earn profit or maximize the wealth of its shareholders. It is a matter of great debate, who comes across that slogan. Sampran Riverside, however, has been a successful business model for Thailand, which has been known as the maximizer of its customers’ wealth as well as health, by an extensive production of organic products through organic farming and food, subsequently spreading it through cultural and tourism activities. Present study is a qualitative case study that describes how the Sampran riverside grew into an environment- friendly model from a conventional business entity. The study revealed how the business transformed and reached success through the constructive learning process. A detailed study showed that organic farming helps society to grow healthy and also creates economic opportunities for the people. Site visits of the business and organic fields, as well visit of organic markets and interviews with the farmers, customers and the CEO of the Sampran Riverside, concluded that organic farming serves the society in a holistic way by providing social, environmental, economic and health benefits at one platform, eventually, contributing in community and societal development. The study also concluded that through this development, the Riverside contributes in meeting some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Adopting this model may pave the way for sustainable development in the society which will help country in long run. Key Words: Community development, constructive learning, organic farming, SDGs, societal benefits.
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Lakahal, S., and R. Issa. "The Importance of Gender Balance Committees to Promote Gender Diversity." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216095-ms.
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Introduction Gender balance and diversity are topics that most people can spend countless hours discussing. But how can an organization structure and derive impact and value from these discussions? At SLB we created Gender Balance committees and found that with structure and follow through, we were able to create a wave of positive change across MENA. The focus of our Gender Balance committees is actions not words. This is complimented by the mission, which is to create visible and meaning gender balance improvements using a data driven and business led approach with concentrated actions that are measured and reported. Methods, Procedures, Process Each location in MENA has unique characteristics, opportunities, and challenges when it comes to gender balance. This was an essential driver of the decision to not only have a MENA Gender Balance Committee, but to replicate this committee in the locations across the region. With that, SLB currently has a MENA Gender Balance Committee as well as 9 other complimentary committees in our locations. The committees work in alignment with each other and the MENA committee. The MENA committee creates the focus areas and recommended actions. The purpose of key actions is to have all locations as well as MENA, working in unison which will result in a larger impact. However, noting back to the differences between locations mentioned above, we have provided recommended actions to inspire action vs. discussion. If a location committee doesn't believe a recommended action makes sense for its location, they have the ability to replace it with an action that will. For the committees to work well there needs to be both aligned actions and location specific actions. Continuing with the notion of actions not words, at the start of each year, the MENA committee not only creates the focus areas for the year but also creates one-pagers for each initiative. The key purpose of the one-pagers is to support the MENA and location committees in jumping into action as opposed to spending time and bandwidth on brainstorming. The one-pagers provide details on the initiatives scope, divers, timeline, implementation plan, next steps, and measures of success. Having these details in addition to the initiative also helps ensure where the company and committee members time and resources are going, will yield impact. Some initiatives will have qualitative and other quantitative measures of success, but regardless, the one-pagers help ensure we can capture the impact of our work. To develop the actions, the MENA committee first worked to understand what the organizations priorities were with regards to gender balance and diversity. From there, we created 4 focus areas as pillars to organize our actions. The four pillars are: Why, Direction, Measuring and Advocacy. Each pillar encompasses a key goal for the MENA committee for that year, as well as the MENA and location specific actions mentioned above. With these 4 pillars we can visualize the improvements as the actions range in impact type. For example, under the Why pillar, actions center around raising awareness whereas under the Measuring pillar we track key metrics and improvements. Often times with gender balance and diversity initiatives we see the impact swing towards one end of the spectrum only, for example taking part in conferences and events. Although these initiatives are important, they won't on their own move the needle as much as is needed in many organizations. With the pillars in place, we've structured our actions to ensure we achieve a wider range of long-term, sustainable impact. There is always room for improvement, and this is why at the start of each year, the MENA committee completes a workshop to review the actions taken over the past year. We look to understand which had the desired outcome and which did not. We want to know which individual actions once done, can be replaced and which are longer-term and need a follow up action. With this approach, we ensure we are not overloading ourselves or the location committees and are allowing appropriate time for the action or initiative to fully flourish. We work to find a balance between implementing fresh and new ideas while also maintaining momentum on other actions. Following the decision on the focus areas and actions, the MENA committee then develops a one-pager for each of the actions, new or refreshed. Once the focus areas, actions and one-pagers are set for MENA, an interactive presentation is held with all location specific committee members. Here, the details are reviewed and discussed and feedback from the committees is received. It is important that actions are discussed and that the location committees understand what we want to action across the region. An independent action will have impact, but if the entire region works on and implementing the same action the impact to gender balance and diversity is significantly amplified. Results, Observations, Conclusions Gender balance and diversity are key topics in many organizations today and moving from words to actions through a structured committee approach ignites a wave of passion in individuals and across the organization. At SLB we are proud of the tremendous efforts that have been made by the MENA and location specific gender balance committees. With over 90 committee members of various background spread across the region we see commitment, passion and impact growing.
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Régnier, Jean-Claude. "Statistical Education and E-Learning." In Statistics and the Internet. International Association for Statistical Education, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.03203.
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Since the start of the 2002 academic year, the Department of Sciences of Education of the University of Lyon2, in partnership with the University of Rouen and the CNED (Centre National d'Enseignement à Distance ) of Poitiers (France), has put forward a pedagogical plan of action allowing students to prepare a B.SC degree in Sciences of Education. The goal of this article is the presentation of the problematic of the teaching - learning of the Statistics in this context. Key-words: guidance, e-learning, statistical education, teaching and learning of statistics . A long French version of this article is accessible to URL : ftp://nte.univ-lyon2.fr/users/regnier/public/IASE/BERLIN/.
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Li, Xiaoyu, Qiang Xu, Minghua Zhao, Chengwen Qian, Jing Jin, and Jingjun Xi. "Research on Pricing Formulation Method for Long Distance Natural Gas Pipeline Network Transporting." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90090.
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With the completion of the second line project of West-East Gas Transmission in 2011, the third line of West-East Gas Transmission will be started soon and the fourth line and the fifth line will be started in recent five years. China will form one of the largest natural gas pipeline network in the world. The gas supply mode will be changed from single gas source and single-pipeline supply to multi-source and multi-pipeline supply through regulation and coordination, which will impact on existing pricing mechanism and operation mode of Chinese natural gas industry violently. Depending on the development trend of natural gas pipeline network, the regionalization management mode of natural gas pipeline will be implemented gradually. Chinese natural gas industry also needs to develop a new-type market-oriented operation mode with clear interfaces between production, transportation, distribution and customers so as to facilitate the optimal allocation of resources. By the customized scientific research of CNPC (China National Petroleum Corporation), combining with existing pricing mechanism of natural gas pipeline and economic characteristics of long-distance natural gas pipeline transportation in China, the paper studied the pricing mechanism problem of combined transportation of multi-source and mutli-pipeline gas supply in the regionalization management mechanism, presented the idea of pricing formulation method of two kinds of pipeline network transportation based on standard rates of pipeline transportation and service cost rules, formed pricing formulation system of natural gas pipeline transportation, introduced the design idea, structural construction, distribution method and key points of natural gas pipeline transportation in details, and demonstrated the methods by example calculation. The methods presented in the paper can meet the pricing requirements of natural gas pipeline network transportation, remedy the defect in existing price accounting mechanism, solve the problem that the income and expenses among different interest bodies are not balanced, and facilitate the rapid development of natural gas pipeline business.
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Stoica, Ivona, and Gabriela laura Valceanu. "SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH REGARDING UTILITY OF ELEARNING PLATFORMS IN ROMANIAN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT." In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-113.
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It is really important for enterprises and institutions to use eLearing platforms for their employees. This paper work represents a thoroughly research regarding the usefulness of eLearning platforms; it has been developed an exploratory research and in the end of the paper will be presented the key findings and the most important conclusions regarding the eLearning platforms. Online social media represents a very poplar mean that could be used in special programs for long live learning, in specializing employees in certain fields and by investing in them, they will provide the expected benefits. Nowadays, is the era of new generation, and Internet is the perfect way of learning by exploring and also in the same time exploiting all the benefits brought by an eLearning platform. There is a special need in exploring all kinds of media because traditional information is not very well received by the student, they need a change, and the teachers also have to change, to seek modern ways of transmitting information. Developing eLearning platforms in Romania means also a cross cultural strategy because this way, we can attract not only students, teachers, business environment but lots of foreign people who can recommend the eLearning platform to other people, by using a strategy of word of mouth marketing, the number of users will increase substantially. This paper aims to bring information about how open-minded are enterprises in Romania for their kind of learning and how much are getting involved the higher school education institutions to implement an eLearning platform for their students.
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Oshmarin, Roman, Kirill Isakov, Ignat Chekanov, et al. "Corporate Engineering Center Org. Transformation in Response to New Business Challenges." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206075-ms.
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Abstract Objectives/Scope The world is changing rapidly. In order to response to VUCA conditions, we started the business transformation of GPN scientific and technical center (STC) in the mid 2019, and finished shortly after COVID crisis began (in June 2020). Now we can sum up the ultimate effect: Methods, Procedures, Process GPN STC made a long way since 2007 and became a strong corporate engineering center, providing a full range of services from the basin modeling to the integrated modeling. In 2019, we started the transformation from the description of objectives, and for these purpose, the survey of different business branches was performed. After that, we defined the shortcomings of the existing model (which was actually inside the organizational and administrative area), such as: The transformation met all the challenges and made dramatic changes in the area of management and processes: We transformed STC works catalogue to product line and shift from instruments (such as geomodel) to business value (such as exploration strategy, based on geomodel). Now we focus on integrated analytical framework in support of key business decisions, rather than methodsor processes.The above shifting requires new roles and competences, thus we completely rebuild role model and staffing table. We initiated new role of account manager for every internal business customer, that is typically used in service companies, not in-house centers, and here we saw fantastic results and received positive feedback from business. The new role of discipline leader helped to increase speed of team gathering for new projects from average 7 weeks to 3-4 weeks;We removed 2 levels of hierarchy and moved on to "flattened" organizational structure;We initiated the internal business consulting team, responsible for implementation all of the conceptual decisions (which will be a new service for internal business customers in future);The single-contract principle was suggested, and the orders inside of this according to product line were initiated, where account manager is the person, responsible for implementation of this contract;Product transformation was supported by organizational agile transfrormation for cross-functional teams (Mohamed Saeed AlMarar, 2019);And a lot of another important changes (which will be described in final presentation); Results, Observations, Conclusions It is important to highlight again, this deep and ambitious transformation allowed STC to obtain sustainable target indexes/KPIs and business results: Novel/Additive Information We were the first (at least in Russian O&G industry), who shifted the entire corporate engineering center for product model, with focus on business value and now we perform strong operationalization of concept in order to push all changes into real life.
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Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Sandro, and Luis Serpa-Andrade. "Development of a virtual assistant chatbot based on Artificial Intelligence to control and supervise a process of 4 tanks which are interconnected." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001464.
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This article presents the gathering of works related to the usage of virtual assistants into the 4.0 industry in order to stablish the parameters and essential characteristics to define the creation of a ‘chatbot’ virtual assistant. This device should be applicable to a process of 4 tanks which are interconnected with a robust multivariable PID control with the aim of controlling and supervising this process using a mobile messaging application from a smartphone by sending key words in text messages which will be interpreted by the chatbot and this will be capable of acting depending on the message it receives; it can be either a consultation of the status of the process and the tanks which will be answered with a text message with the required information, or a command which will make it work starting or stopping the process. This system is proposed as a solution in the case of long-distance supervision and control during different processes. With this, an option to optimize the execution of actions such as security, speed, reliability of data, and resource maximization can be implemented, which leads to a better general performance of an industry
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GOLYASH, Iryna. "THE WAR AND HAPPINESS: SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS." In Proceedings of The Third International Scientific Conference “Happiness and Contemporary Society”. SPOLOM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2022.15.
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Ukraine has felt the impact of strong force, which has affected the level of happiness in the country. The circumstances were military actions which was provoked by the aggression of the Russian Federation. A whole generation of people knew about the war only from historical sources and had no previous experience of survival. During the war, basic physiological needs became a priority for the civilian population of Ukraine: security, water, food, heat, sleep, medicine. All other needs of a higher order have ceased, or become to be inconsiderable. The war did not make people happy, but it changed their behavior, which was due to the need to make important current and future decisions. Current decisions focused on survival, while long-term decisions focused on choosing one of the alternative life options, taking into account its expected quality and subjective prediction of personal happiness and happiness of their children. All this has led to a number of transformations in the socio-economic sphere, such as: falling incomes and rising household expenditures; change in the structure of consumption; shortage of certain foods and medicines; the impact of inflation; intensification of migration processes; demographic disparities and family separation; reduction of human resources; reduction of life expectancy and deterioration of health of Ukrainians; limited transport and logistics within the country; termination of a significant part of enterprises and small businesses; heavy load on social infrastructure facilities; increasing the number of individuals and families in difficult life circumstances, etc. According to the Phoenix Effect, life is expected to recover very quickly after the war. Ukrainians, having gone through numerous trials, will become much more resilient and happier in the future. Key words: Ukraine, russia, war, happiness, sconomy, Society, future
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Nazareth, Ian. "A Hundred Local Cities and the Crisis of Commuting: How Nodal Suburbs Shaped the Most Radical Change in Melbourne’s Suburban Development, 1859 -1980." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4021pbcyh.
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The major crisis in the evolving urban form of Australian cities came in a single development: when work patterns and separation from the central activities’ districts outran walking distance. The key enabler was commuter transport, first with horse-drawn omnibuses and then with trams and suburban trains. At this point the average area of suburban lots exploded, the ‘worker’ cottage’ was eclipsed as the most numerous housing type, house sizes increased, house footprints became almost sprawling in celebration, and suburban shopping centres began to break from the long lines of shops and municipal buildings lining major road arteries to the central cities. This centripetal tendency had all manner of typological and developmental results, and Melbourne is taken as an initial example in a wider Australian study. Houses entered a newly diagonal composition and connection to their streets; new neighbourhood relations focussed on garden displays and broader individual expression in specific house designs. An equally major change, though, came as railways and a series of new tram routes dragged newer shopping and municipal precincts away from simply lining arteries to the city, setting up nodal suburban centres with new, ‘hub’ plan forms that either cut across arterial roads at right angles or clear obliques, or developed away from existing arteries altogether. Each node ‘commanded’ between three to five surrounding suburbs. Suburban nodes became both service referents and impetus-centres or sources for suburban growth, and, significantly, new centres of regional dentification and loyalty. With Federation comes a waning of central city significance, observed long ago in Graeme Davison’s Marvellous Melbourne, a suburbanism generated by and inflecting on nodes. This challenges the long-accepted picture of Australian cities having a small, towering central business district and encircled by a huge, undifferentiated suburban sprawl. This study also looks at what a nodal suburb generally comprises- its critical mass.
Reports on the topic "Key words: long-distance business"
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Yatsymirska, Mariya. KEY IMPRESSIONS OF 2020 IN JOURNALISTIC TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11107.
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The article explores the key vocabulary of 2020 in the network space of Ukraine. Texts of journalistic, official-business style, analytical publications of well-known journalists on current topics are analyzed. Extralinguistic factors of new word formation, their adaptation to the sphere of special and socio-political vocabulary of the Ukrainian language are determined. Examples show modern impressions in the media, their stylistic use and impact on public opinion in a pandemic. New meanings of foreign expressions, media terminology, peculiarities of translation of neologisms from English into Ukrainian have been clarified. According to the materials of the online media, a «dictionary of the coronavirus era» is provided. The journalistic text functions in the media on the basis of logical judgments, credible arguments, impressive language. Its purpose is to show the socio-political problem, to sharpen its significance for society and to propose solutions through convincing considerations. Most researchers emphasize the influential role of journalistic style, which through the media shapes public opinion on issues of politics, economics, education, health care, war, the future of the country. To cover such a wide range of topics, socio-political vocabulary is used first of all – neutral and emotionally-evaluative, rhetorical questions and imperatives, special terminology, foreign words. There is an ongoing discussion in online publications about the use of the new foreign token «lockdown» instead of the word «quarantine», which has long been learned in the Ukrainian language. Research on this topic has shown that at the initial stage of the pandemic, the word «lockdown» prevailed in the colloquial language of politicians, media personalities and part of society did not quite understand its meaning. Lockdown, in its current interpretation, is a restrictive measure to protect people from a dangerous virus that has spread to many countries; isolation of the population («stay in place») in case of risk of spreading Covid-19. In English, US citizens are told what a lockdown is: «A lockdown is a restriction policy for people or communities to stay where they are, usually due to specific risks to themselves or to others if they can move and interact freely. The term «stay-at-home» or «shelter-in-place» is often used for lockdowns that affect an area, rather than specific locations». Content analysis of online texts leads to the conclusion that in 2020 a special vocabulary was actively functioning, with the appropriate definitions, which the media described as a «dictionary of coronavirus vocabulary». Media broadcasting is the deepest and pulsating source of creative texts with new meanings, phrases, expressiveness. The influential power of the word finds its unconditional embodiment in the media. Journalists, bloggers, experts, politicians, analyzing current events, produce concepts of a new reality. The world is changing and the language of the media is responding to these changes. It manifests itself most vividly and emotionally in the network sphere, in various genres and styles.
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Fernandez-Stark, Karina, Penny Bamber, and Vivian Couto. Analysis of the Textile and Clothing Industry Global Value Chains. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004638.
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The textile and apparel industry is a highly globalized, multi-trillion-dollar sector. Today, production networks are dominated by low-cost Asian countries with very large labor-pools, which has made it increasingly difficult for other producers around the world to compete, including those in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). While the region has participated in the industry, there are currently no LAC countries amongst the leading ten exporters. The COVID-19 pandemic, together with rising geopolitical tensions between the US and China, however, has disrupted this well-established business model over the past two to three years. This creates the most significant opportunity of the past decade to reconfigure the geography of the supply chain; as a small, but long-term supplier, with proximity to the worlds largest single market, Central America is well-positioned to benefit from these changes. Nonetheless, the region needs to upgrade various aspects of their GVC participation in order to become a serious contender in the reconfiguration of the industry. Key policies should focus on developing human capital through industry-specific training initiatives; intensifying investment attraction efforts; and aggressively investing in both hard and soft infrastructure to reduce barriers to trade and enhance lead time responsiveness.
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Fernandez-Stark, Karina, Penny Bamber, and Vivian Couto. Analysis of the Textile and Clothing Industry Global Value Chains: Summary. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004663.
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The textile and apparel industry is a highly globalized, multi-trillion-dollar sector. Today, production networks are dominated by low-cost Asian countries with very large labor-pools, which has made it increasingly difficult for other producers around the world to compete, including those in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). While the region has participated in the industry, there are currently no LAC countries amongst the leading ten exporters. The COVID-19 pandemic, together with rising geopolitical tensions between the US and China, however, has disrupted this well-established business model over the past two to three years. This creates the most significant opportunity of the past decade to reconfigure the geography of the supply chain; as a small, but long-term supplier, with proximity to the worlds largest single market, Central America is well-positioned to benefit from these changes. Nonetheless, the region needs to upgrade various aspects of their GVC participation in order to become a serious contender in the reconfiguration of the industry. Key policies should focus on developing human capital through industry-specific training initiatives; intensifying investment attraction efforts; and aggressively investing in both hard and soft infrastructure to reduce barriers to trade and enhance lead time responsiveness.
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Quak, Evert-jan. The Link Between Demography and Labour Markets in sub-Saharan Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.011.
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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic, policy, and knowledge institution sources on how demography affects labour markets (e.g. entrants, including youth and women) and labour market outcomes (e.g. capital-per-worker, life-cycle labour supply, human capital investments) in the context of sub-Saharan Africa. One of the key findings is that the fast-growing population in sub-Saharan Africa is likely to affect the ability to get productive jobs and in turn economic growth. This normally happens when workers move from traditional (low productivity agriculture and household businesses) sectors into higher productivity sectors in manufacturing and services. In theory the literature shows that lower dependency ratios (share of the non-working age population) should increase output per capita if labour force participation rates among the working age population remain unchanged. If output per worker stays constant, then a decline in dependency ratio would lead to a rise in income per capita. Macro simulation models for sub-Saharan Africa estimate that capital per worker will remain low due to consistently low savings for at least the next decades, even in the low fertility scenario. Sub-Saharan African countries seem too poor for a quick rise in savings. As such, it is unlikely that a lower dependency ratio will initiate a dramatic increase in labour productivity. The literature notes the gender implications on labour markets. Most women combine unpaid care for children with informal and low productive work in agriculture or family enterprises. Large family sizes reduce their productive labour years significantly, estimated at a reduction of 1.9 years of productive participation per woman for each child, that complicates their move into more productive work (if available). If the transition from high fertility to low fertility is permanent and can be established in a relatively short-term period, there are long-run effects on female labour participation, and the gains in income per capita will be permanent. As such from the literature it is clear that the effect of higher female wages on female labour participation works to a large extent through reductions in fertility.