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Journal articles on the topic 'Key Words: open defecation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Dr., Sunil Parasram Adhav. "Problematizing the Issue of Open Defecation in the Film Toilet- Ek Prem Katha." 'Journal of Research & Development' 15, no. 1 (2023): 15–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7578342.

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<em>The issue of open defecation is one of the persistent and entrenched issues in several parts of the country.  </em>Adequate sanitation is a basic human right. The lack of adequate sanitation exacerbates social inequities, increases vulnerability to disease, increases living costs, and impacts a household’s ability to spend on education and nutrition. The movie <em>Toilet- Ek Prem Katha</em> problematizes the issue of open defecation. Conflicts between newlyweds escalate over the issue of open defecation leading to divorce. The movie raises serious concerns over prejudice of

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2

Silveira, André Braga Galvão. "SAÚDE SEM BANHEIROS?: evolução da defecação a céu aberto e do acesso a banheiros no Brasil." Revista Políticas Públicas 20, no. 1 (2016): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2178-2865.v20n1p185-200.

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Este artigo analisa como o Brasil e o mundo avançaram na última década em relação ao percentual de domicílios com acesso a banheiros e também em relação ao fim da defecação a céu aberto. Aponta que estes progressos se devem em grande parte à pressão exercida por iniciativas mundiais, como os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio e os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Embora se reconheça a melhoria dos indicadores no território nacional, interessa verificar se esse avanço se deu de modo que respeitasse a equidade pretendida pelas políticas de saúde e de saneamento. Utiliza dados dos ú

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Muga, Miriam Adoyo, Mary Chemutai Tarus, and Wesley Bor. "Relationship Between Hygiene Practices and Occurrence of Diarrhea among Under-Five Children: A Case of East Pokot Sub County." African Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 1, no. 1 (2023): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.58460/ajnd.v1i1.19.

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Communicable diseases continue to persist in developing countries with diarrhea being one of the conditions that affect children under five years of age resulting in numerous morbidities and mortality. Despite the interventions that have been put in place, Kenya still had an estimated 14% of children with diarrhea in 2022. Consequently, there is still a need to determine the actual practices associated with diarrhea at the community level. This will ensure that community-specific interventions are developed to curb diarrhea. Therefore, this study sought to determine hygiene practices that are

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Moeen, Seham M. "Usage of Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion with Enhanced Recovery Pathway in Patients Scheduled for Open Radical Cystectomy: A Randomized Trial." Pain Physician 2, no. 22.2 (2019): E71—E81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj/2019.22.e71.

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Background: Intravenous lidocaine infusion (IVLI) reduces postoperative pain and hastens the return of bowel function. Objectives: We aimed to compare the effects of adding lidocaine infusion to enhanced recovery pathway (ERP) on acute rehabilitation protocol. Study Design: This study uses a double-blind, randomized design with allocation concealment in a 2-armed parallel group format among patients undergoing open radical cystectomy (RC). Setting: The study was conducted at Assiut University Hospital, Asyut, Egypt. The study duration was March 2017 to July 2018. Methods: After ethics committe

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Agarwal, Monika, Sugandha Jauhari, and Rahul Chaturvedi. "Health of Migrants’ Children Living in Lucknow City: A Community-Based Study." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 13, no. 4 (2023): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230420.

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Background: Migrant workers suffer poor health due to underutilization of existing health services on account of their floating status, they are missed out on very basic registrations for health services like immunization, ANC visits, supplementary nutrition for mother and eventually the child. They form a major chunk of population that is skipped from ongoing attempts of universal health coverage and especially the children become vulnerable. Objectives: To study the Immunization and Nutritional Status of migrant children of Lucknow and determine their environmental and living conditions. Met

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Mazur, Karol, Dominik Machaj, Dominika Mazur, Marlena Baran, and Alicja Płaczek. "The use of peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 10, no. 6 (2020): 28–32. https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.06.003.

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<strong>Mazur Karol, Machaj Dominik, Mazur Dominika, Baran Marlena, Płaczek Alicja</strong><strong>. The use of peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(6):28-32. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.06.003</strong> <strong>https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.06.003</strong> <strong>https://zenodo.org/record/3879955</strong>                   <strong>The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education p

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Panda, Prem S., Aditi Chandrakar, and Gopal P. Soni. "Prevalence of open air defecation and awareness and practices of sanitary latrine usage in a rural village of Raipur district." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 9 (2017): 3279. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173828.

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Background: The practice of open defecation is rampant in India and our country is home to the world’s largest population of people who defecate in the open. Insanitary disposal of human excreta, along with unsafe drinking water and poor hygiene conditions, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income countries. The study was conducted with objective to find sanitary latrine usage, prevalence of open air defecation and awareness related to diseases caused by open air defecation in the rural population of a village in Raipur district.Methods: A total of 155 households were select

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LAMAI, Ochanya Mercy Anthony Igyuve &. Akase T. M. "Assessment of Radio Messages in the Campaign against Open Defecation in Nasarawa State, Nigeria." International Journal of Sub-Saharan African Research (IJSSAR) 2, no. 3 (2024): 63–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13854807.

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<strong>Background:</strong> The practice of open defecation, a behaviour that has persisted since the dawn of humanity, continues to pose significant global challenge, particularly affecting developing countries, with Nigeria being among the most severely impacted. <strong>Objective:</strong> The study assessed the extent and efficacy of radio messages in the campaign against open defecation in Akwanga Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. <strong>Method: </strong>Quantitative research design was used to collect data from 384 adult respondents through availability sampling techniq

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Osumanu, Issaka Kanton, Enoch Akwasi Kosoe, and Frank Ategeeng. "Determinants of Open Defecation in the Wa Municipality of Ghana: Empirical Findings Highlighting Sociocultural and Economic Dynamics among Households." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2019 (February 3, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3075840.

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This study examined sociocultural and economic factors determining open defecation in the Wa Municipality, Ghana. The study employed a mixed method approach involving questionnaire administration to 367 households systematically selected from 21 communities, observation, and eight key informant interviews. The mixed logit model was used to determine the factors that significantly influence open defecation. The findings revealed that 49.8% of households had no form of toilet facility at home and were either using communal/public toilets or practicing open defecation. Several sociocultural and e

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10

Hirve, Siddhivinayak, Pallavi Lele, Neisha Sundaram, et al. "Psychosocial stress associated with sanitation practices: experiences of women in a rural community in India." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 5, no. 1 (2014): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2014.110.

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This study examined sources of psychosocial stress related to the use of toilet facilities or open defecation by women and adolescent girls at home, public places, workplaces and in schools in a rural community in Pune, India. The mixed methods approach included focus group discussions among women, key informant interviews, free listing and a community survey of 306 women. Nine per cent of the study households and most seasonal migrant women workers lacked access to toilets. Fear for personal safety, injury or accidents, lack of cleanliness, indignity, shame and embarrassment due to a lack of

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Das, Priyam, and Julia Crowley. "Sanitation for all: a Panglossian perspective?" Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 4 (2018): 718–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2018.011.

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Abstract At the deadline for meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), 2.1 billion (109) people had gained access to improved sanitation and 95 countries were able to meet the MDG sanitation target. However, 2.4 billion still lacked improved sanitation facilities. India is among those countries where open defecation stubbornly persists. Despite decades of government spending on the construction of toilets, and the recent Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) to eradicate open defecation, toilet use remains a challenge. To draw attention to the deep deficits in sanitation services in smaller India

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Jain, Anoop, Ashley Wagner, Claire Snell-Rood, and Isha Ray. "Understanding Open Defecation in the Age of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: Agency, Accountability, and Anger in Rural Bihar." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (2020): 1384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041384.

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Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, India’s flagship sanitation intervention, set out to end open defecation by October 2019. While the program improved toilet coverage nationally, large regional disparities in construction and use remain. Our study used ethnographic methods to explore perspectives on open defecation and latrine use, and the socio-economic and political reasons for these perspectives, in rural Bihar. We draw on insights from social epidemiology and political ecology to explore the structural determinants of latrine ownership and use. Though researchers have often pointed to rural residents

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KUCIŃSKI, Jakub, Zuzanna FRYSKA, Adam WOŁEJKO, et al. "Irritable bowel syndrome – modern ways of treatment." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 16, no. 1 (2023): 40–48. https://doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.16.01.005.

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<strong>KUCIŃSKI, Jakub, FRYSKA, Zuzanna, WOŁEJKO, Adam, KULIK, Kacper, SEMENIUK, Paweł, MATUSZ, Krystian, BURCZYK, Rafał & GÓRNA, Natalie. Irritable bowel syndrome – modern ways of treatment. </strong><strong>Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2023;1</strong><strong>6</strong><strong>(</strong><strong>1</strong><strong>):</strong><strong>40</strong><strong>-</strong><strong>48</strong><strong>. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI </strong><strong>http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.16.01.00</strong><strong>5</strong> <strong>https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/42</strong><strong>952

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FROHLICH, A. A., O. SREEMANNARAYANA, and R. R. MARQUARDT. "AN IMPROVED PROCEDURE FOR FECAL COLLECTION IN CALVES." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 67, no. 1 (1987): 213–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas87-025.

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A fecal collection bag for calves has been modified so that the opening to the bag becomes distended during defecation. This modification greatly reduces spillage and thereby permits virtually complete collection of fecal material. Key words: Calves, fecal collection bag

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15

Abdulkadir, H., A. K. Usman, and Ahmad Hamza Abdullahi. "OPEN DEFECATION AS A CHALLENGE TO PUBLIC HEALTH IN GIWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 7, no. 6 (2023): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0706-2141.

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Open defecation is a threat to public and environmental health, it affects the occurrence and spread of mainly communicable diseases. This study examines the compliance of people to Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) and challenges of the program to reduce the existence of open defecation in Giwa Local Government Area (LGA). The study employed the use of questionnaire and structured interview as a source of data. Descriptive statistics and thematic framework were used for the analysis while charts and themes were used to present the findings. Results revealed that majority (56%) of the resp

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Shrivastava, Umesh Prasad. "Assessment of Open Defecation Free (ODF) Campaign of Birgunj Sub Metropolitan City By Fecal Indicator Microbes Analysis." Academic Voices: A Multidisciplinary Journal 6 (June 4, 2018): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v6i0.20110.

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Eliminating open defecation is increasingly seen as a key health outcome, improved educational and positive health outcomes for people. Several countries including Nepal have set aggressive targets for elimination of Open Defecation in urban and rural areas, which often include not only safe disposal of feces, but handwashing facilities, cleanliness and solid waste management. This paper is prepared based on the evaluation of representative water reservoirs of six sites of Birgunj municipality with an objective to examine fecal microorganisms. Presence of Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Citrobacter,

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Pimenova, E. S., G. A. Korolev, O. E. Romanova, et al. "Incobotulinum toxin A in pediatric coloproctology. First application experience in Russia." Voprosy praktičeskoj pediatrii 17, no. 4 (2022): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2022-4-32-37.

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In the last decade, botulinum toxin type A (BTA) has been used in children with colorectal diseases. There are no published papers on the topic in Russia. Objective. To investigate BTA effectiveness in children with different colorectal problems. Patients and methods. 9 patients from 1.7 to 14 years old (median age 3.5 years) were treated with the new method in the Speransky Children's Hospital (Moscow, Russia). The indications for treatment were various complaints (constipation, fecal pseudo-incontinence, painful defecation, obstructive defecation), anal hypertonia (spasm). We treated childre

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Zuhri, Ilhamda El, and Rangga Alif Faresta. "Investigating Community of Practice in Sumbawa and Manggarai to Support Environmental Sustainability Through CBTS Development Plan." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1493, no. 1 (2025): 012003. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1493/1/012003.

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Abstract Climate change, which causes droughts, landslides, floods, and crop failures in provinces such as Manggarai and Sumbawa, disrupts access to clean water and complicates achieving adequate sanitation, highlighting the need for better mitigation strategies. While provincial and district governments understand the global impacts of climate change, this understanding has not yet reached the village level. People feel the impacts but lack awareness of climate change issues or adaptation and mitigation policies. Therefore, it is crucial to develop effective and appropriate sanitation systems

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19

Busienei, Phylis Jepkorir, George Morara Ogendi, and Millicent A. Mokua. "Open Defecation Practices in Lodwar, Kenya: A Mixed-Methods Research." Environmental Health Insights 13 (January 2019): 117863021982837. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178630219828370.

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Background: As of the year 2014, about 2.5 billion people globally lacked access to improved sanitation. The situation is even worse in the sub-Saharan African countries including Kenya. The practice of open defecation (OD) peaks beyond 72% of the population in Turkana County, Kenya, despite various interventions to end it. Methods: This article reports on both qualitative and quantitative aspects of a cross-sectional study. A partially mixed sequential dominant (quantitative) status was used to understand various socioeconomic factors associated with OD practice in Lodwar’s human settlements,

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Berková, Alena, Petr Vlček, Vladimír Červeňák, et al. "Pelvic floor disorders of women from the point of coloproctologist‘s view." Gastroenterologie a hepatologie 76, no. 4 (2022): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/ccgh2022319.

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Summary: Disorders of the pelvic floor and anorectal dysfunction are a major cause of discomfort for many women. As a result of shyness and embarrassment, women come for medical examination after a longer period of difficulties, mostly for progressive disorder of defecation and continence. Despite the low morbidity, anorectal dysfunctions have a very significant impact on patient’s quality of life and therefore diagnosis and subsequent treatment should be aimed at every possible cause. Gastroenterological examination can play an important part In primary detection, but also in the multidiscip

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Supper Roland Okijie and Ubong Edem Effiong. "Public spending and rural development in Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 2 (2024): 1043–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.2.0505.

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The concerns of modern development have been on the need to boost living conditions which involves reducing poverty, unemployment, and inequality. Statistics has proved that these indices are quite high in the rural areas hence, the need to put up the needed actions to facilitate rural development. In this paper, we explored the role of public spending in fostering rural development in Nigeria from 2000 to 2020. The public spending on economic services and that of social and community services were considered, while the key rural development indicators captured were people practising open defe

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Supper, Roland Okijie, and Edem Effiong Ubong. "Public spending and rural development in Nigeria." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 2 (2024): 1043–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14012397.

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The concerns of modern development have been on the need to boost living conditions which involves reducing poverty, unemployment, and inequality. Statistics has proved that these indices are quite high in the rural areas hence, the need to put up the needed actions to facilitate rural development. In this paper, we explored the role of public spending in fostering rural development in Nigeria from 2000 to 2020. The public spending on economic services and that of social and community services were considered, while the key rural development indicators captured were people practising open defe

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23

Uprety, Durga. "Women Empowerment Through Participation in Open Defecation-Free Initiatives: A Qualitative Study." Education and Development 33, no. 1 (2024): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ed.v33i1.66591.

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Women empowerment still remains straggling in the context of Nepal. Only 38% of women are able to make decisions in different works (MOHP et al., 2017). This study aims to explore women’s experiences and their self-empowerment through their participation in Open Defecation-free (ODF) campaigns. The central question of this study is what lived experiences of the women who were involved in ODF campaigns are and what this means to their self-empowerment. I used a phenomenological research design and the phenomenon of this study is ‘open defecation-free movement’. The three key dimensions of the t

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Aniza C, Gadaza, Ninobla Katrina Anne C, Morla Wildren Lou B, Balanza Katrynne Yzzabelle B, Mabutas Angela, and Graycochea Mary Rose. "Community Health Policy: Zero Open Defecation Implementation in Selected Barangays of Bauang, La Union." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science IX, no. IV (2025): 5054–91. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.90400360.

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Ninobla, Katrina Anne C., Balanza, Katrynne Yzzabelle B., Graycochea, Mary Rose N., Mabutas, Angela R., And Morla, Wildren Lou B., (2023). Community Health Policy: Zero Open Defecation Implementation in Selected Barangays of Bauang, La Union. Bachelor of Arts in Political Science. Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Mid La Union Campus, College of Arts and Sciences, City of San Fernando, La Union. The study is about the implementation of the Zero Open Defecation (ZOD) Ordinance in Brgy. Pugo, Brgy. Sta. Monica, and Brgy. Santiago in Bauang, La Union. It aims to examine the level of a

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Vu, Sharon, Anoop Jain, Caleb Harrison, Prabin Ghimire, and Jay P. Graham. "“Someone Should be There to Take Care of It”: A Case Study of Users’ Views of Managed Shared Sanitation Facilities in Jharkhand, India." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 106, no. 4 (2022): 1135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0654.

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ABSTRACT. The Sustainable Development Goals have set an ambitious target to end open defecation by 2030 by building private household toilets. These toilets are categorized based on quality indicators. However, toilets that are shared among households are considered “limited,” disincentivizing governments and implementers from investing in this infrastructure despite being more appropriate in certain contexts. Furthermore, unlike private toilets, shared toilets are not distinguished based on their quality. As such, there is a need to understand what attributes constitute well-managed shared to

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Malingkas, Hany C., Andi Alim, Zamly Zamly, and Ekafadly Yusuf. "Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita di Kota Tomohon." Jurnal Sehat Mandiri 20, no. 1 (2025): 138–49. https://doi.org/10.33761/jsm.v20i1.1543.

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The prevalence of diarrhea remains high in countries with limited access to clean water, sanitation, and personal hygiene. To reduce diarrhea cases, Indonesia has implemented the Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) program, with a key indicator being the reduction of open defecation behavior. This study aims to identify the factors associated with the incidence of diarrhea among children under five in Tomohon City. This is an analytical study with a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional design. The population includes 840 children under five in the Lansot Health Center area, with a s

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Wright, Renae. "Clinical Issues — October 2023." AORN Journal 118, no. 4 (2023): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aorn.14008.

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THIS MONTH Pregnant personnel in the magnetic resonance environment Key words: magnetic resonance (MR), pregnant personnel, zone IV, exposure, scanner. Patients with tattoos in the magnetic resonance environment Key words: tattoo ink, permanent cosmetic tattoo, magnetic resonance (MR), scanning, burns. Robotic procedure emergency preparedness Key words: emergency readiness, conversion to open, robotic surgery, checklists, undocking. Communication during robotic procedures Key words: communication, teamwork, robotic procedures, familiarity, perioperative team.

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Wahyudi, Tri, Popy Yuniar, and Martya Rahmaniati. "Spatial Autocorrelation of Diarrhea Cases in West Java Province in 2023." Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) 7, no. 9 (2024): 2368–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.56338/mppki.v7i9.5973.

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Introduction: Diarrhea have been being a significant public health threat for the community due to its impact on morbidity and even mortality especially among infants and toddlers. Understanding the pattern of diarrhea, how the key factors influence the prevalence of the disease and which areas are at the highest risk could help in controlling diarhhea. Objective: Through spatial autocorrelation analysis of diarrhea prevalence with several risk factors, such as open defecation behavior, population density, access to proper sanitation, availability of drinking water facilities, and the number o

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Zabek, Magdalena A., David M. Berman, Simon Blomberg, and John Wright. "Estimating distribution and abundance of feral horses (Equus caballus) in a coniferous plantation in Australia, using line-transect surveys of dung." Wildlife Research 43, no. 7 (2016): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr16015.

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Context Feral horses are a growing problem in Australia, despite implementation of management strategies. The incidence of horse sightings and horse-associated vehicle collisions within the Tuan and Toolara State Forest (TTSF), a coniferous plantation in south-eastern Queensland, has increased in the past decade, indicating an increase in population and the necessity to undertake an accurate appraisal of population abundance. Aim To determine the feasibility of using dung counts, defecation and dung-decay rates to determine the distribution and abundance of feral horse population in a managed

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Najafi Doulatabad, SH, A. Najafi Doulatabad, SJ Sadat, and Z. Mohebbi Nobandegani. "The study of effective factors on some of the biologic rhythms from the view point of hospitalized patients." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 1, no. 1 (2011): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v1i1.4379.

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Many human vital actions like sleep and waken, defecation, blood pressure, body temperature, etc. are being done as rhythmic. The factors on these rhythms among hospitalized patients in the hospitals can outshine the patients recovery and hospitalization period so, the present research has been performed with the aim to study of the effective factors on some biological rhythms from point of view of hospitalized patients at medical ward of the Emam Sajad hospital of Yasouj city 2008-2009. This research is a descriptive sectional study, performed on hospitalized patients at medical wards of hosp

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Dwi Atmanto, Andrian, Bainah Sari Dewi, and Nuning Nurcahyani. "Peran Siamang (Hylobates Syndactylus) Sebagai Pemencar Biji Di Resort Way Kanan Taman Nasional Way Kambas Lampung." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 2, no. 1 (2014): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl1249-58.

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Way Kambas National Parklocated inLampung Provinceis habitat for gibbon (H. syndactylus), frugivorous primate which plays a role as seeds dispersal process in tropical rainforests with its activities. Purpose of the research is to determine the gibbon’s role as seeds dispersal. It was conducted in August 2012 in the Way Kanan Resort of Way Kambas National Park. The method used is exploration and feces analysis.Based on the research, there are 37 samples of gibbon’s feces and 7 spesies of seed plant dispersed by gibbon include Polygonum chinense, Grewia paniculata,Ficus sp, Bouea macrophylla,Da

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Wolff, Leann. "Changing Key Words Changes Both the Problem Definition and Potential Solutions." Northern Plains Ethics Journal 8, no. 1 (2020): 71–73. https://doi.org/10.5840/npej2020814.

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The words we use have the power to unlock potential solutions. Changing the words we use to frame a problem can open up new ways of the seeing the world that can transform both our perception and the potential solutions to problems we encounter.

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Sucahya, Media, Ahmad Sihabudin, and Dewi Widowati. "Social Construction of Unsubsidized Healthy Latrines." Indonesian Journal of Social Science Research 4, no. 2 (2023): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/ijssr.04.02.04.

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Recent data have shown that approximately 5.86% of 275.773 million of the Indonesian population are practicing open defecation. To align with the sustainable development goals (SDGs), efforts are being made to eradicate unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, including open dedication, by 2030. This achievement requires the intervention of both government and non-governmental organizations, as shown by LAZ HARFA in the Banten Province. The organizations successfully motivated impoverished citizens to construct proper sanitation facilities without subsidies. This study aimed to understand social c

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Meir, Irit. "Topic-open-endedness." Special Issue in Memory of Irit Meir 23, no. 1-2 (2020): 258–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sll.00051.mei.

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Abstract Humans can use language to refer to and describe endless varieties of situations, thoughts, ideas, and topics, actual or hypothetical. This capacity, which distinguishes human language from communication systems of other animals, is referred to here as topic-open-endedness. A key factor in explaining topic-open-endedness early in the life of a new sign language is the nature of the linguistic symbols, the words, and the human ability to extend their meanings – e.g., through metonymy and metaphor – to novel semantic domains, applying a finite lexicon to infinite situations and topics.

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Tasic, Hana, Nadia Akseer, Seifu H. Gebreyesus, et al. "Drivers of stunting reduction in Ethiopia: a country case study." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 112, Supplement_2 (2020): 875S—893S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa163.

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ABSTRACT Background Chronic undernutrition in children continues to be a global public health concern. Ethiopia has documented a significant decline in the prevalence of childhood stunting, a measure of chronic undernutrition, over the last 20 y. Objectives The aim of this research was to conduct a systematic assessment of the determinants that have driven child stunting reduction in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2016, focused on the national, community, household, and individual level. Methods This study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods. Specifically, a systematic literature review,

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Vijay, Devi, and Debabrata Ghosh. "The Sabar Shouchagar Project (toilets for everyone): making Nadia District the first open-defecation-free district in India." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 8, no. 1 (2018): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-03-2017-0061.

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Subject area Public Sector Management. Study level/applicability MBA or postgraduate program courses in public policy and management. MBA or postgraduate program courses on social innovation, social entrepreneurship and public or collective entrepreneurship. Management development programs for public policy professionals, non-governmental organizations and social enterprises. Case overview Despite several country-wide campaigns to improve sanitation levels, India continues to be the country with the highest number of people, over 600 million, practicing open defecation. This case outlines the

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Uumdati, Latifatul, Novita Dian Iva Prestiana, and Nurlaila Maysaroh Chairunnisa. "PENYULUHAN PEMBUATAN SARANA SEPTIC TANK SESUAI SNI SEBAGAI LANGKAH ODF DI DESA KARANGREJA." An-Nizam 2, no. 3 (2023): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33558/an-nizam.v2i3.7724.

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The problem in Karangreja Village is the behaviour of people who still practice open defecation. The extension of private septic tank construction in Karangreja village aims to plan a private septic tank system that is able to serve users, has sufficient capacity, is easy to operate and maintain, meets applicable standards and regulations. The method of implementing community service applies the method of community education in the form of counselling. The impact of the success of this activity will be seen in the long term through improved public health, improved sanitation infrastructure, an

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Rosanna, Siti Farihah, Khabib Fadlilatul Ma'ruf, Yogi Aditya, Globila Nurika, and Edza Aria Wikurendra. "Analysis On Village Readiness In The Acceleration Of Open Defecation Free Achievement Status Based On Stimulus, Organism, And Response Approach." Journal of Public Health for Tropical and Coastal Region 4, no. 2 (2021): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jphtcr.v4i2.10617.

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Introduction: Open Defecation Free (ODF) is a condition in the community that has carried out total sanitation and does no more Open Defecation (OD). Dukuh Village was chosen as the research location because it was a village with the highest OD in Ngadiluwih, Kediri. This high rate of OD is caused by a lack of public awareness about the importance of sanitation. This research was conducted to analyze the village readiness to accelerate ODF status in Dukuh Village.Methods: This study was done in a qualitative method with a single holistic case study design using Stimulus-Organism-Response theor

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Mensah, Justice. "Sea Defence Project and a UNESCO World Heritage Monument in Coastal Ghana." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (May 11, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5257830.

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Coastal erosion, sand and gravel mining, and open defecation threaten the sustainability and outstanding universal value (OUV) of heritage monuments dotted along the coast of Ghana. A sea defence project has been embarked upon in some areas in Ghana to, among other reasons, safeguard coastal resources, including the historic heritage monuments—castles and forts. This study examined the implications of the project for the sustainability and OUV of a UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS) along the Ghanaian coastline. The study used a qualitative research design. In-depth interviews and focus group di

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Leggett, Keith. "Diurnal activities of the desert-dwelling elephants in northwestern Namibia." Pachyderm 45 (June 30, 2009): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.69649/pachyderm.v45i.163.

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The diurnal activities of desert-dwelling elephants (Loxodonta africana) in arid northwestern Namibia were monitored for five years (2002–2006) through the wet, cold dry and hot dry seasons. Desert-dwelling elephant activity changed from year to year and depended on rainfall and flood events. Three methods were used to collect activity data: two involved focal animals where individual elephants were monitored at five-minute intervals or continuously; the third involved a scan method that monitored individuals or groups at two-minute intervals. No statistical difference was observed in the data

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Joshy, Nixon, Kamini Prakash, and Komal Ramdey. "Social Taboos and Menstrual Practices in the Pindar Valley." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 26, no. 1-2 (2019): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971521518811171.

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Menstruating women in remote villages of the Himalayas still practise segregation due to the belief that menstrual blood is impure. They are confined to the cowshed ( goth) and are not allowed to interact with others. Although Bageshwar district has been declared as open defecation free and every household has a toilet, menstruating women continue to defecate in the open because they are not allowed to use sanitation facilities used by others. Menstrual taboos have an impact on the mobility, health, education and self-esteem of women and adolescent girls. This article looks at the taboos that

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HU, PETER. "Adapting English into Chinese." English Today 20, no. 2 (2004): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078404002068.

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WHY IS English a global language? Although the reasons are manifold – historical, geographical, economic, political, social, cultural – the key reason, it seems to me, is linguistic: its morphology is simple, many of its words are short and pithy, and among the key world languages it has the largest vocabulary. These features have helped it become the most widely used language in the world: a situation that makes Uncle French and Grandpa German envious. English has been open-minded since childhood. In the long process of exchange, English words lost most of their inflections and words of diffe

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Adediyan, Aderopo Raphael. "Is Financial Inclusion a Determinant of Life Expectancy? Evidence from West African Region." Studies in Business and Economics 23, no. 1 (2021): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/sbe.2020.0119.

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This study is a contribution to the debate on the significance of financial inclusion with much emphasis on its impacts on human life span. The sample used for the analyses consisted of 14 West African countries over the period 2010 and 2018. The study employed a dynamic 2-Step System GMM approach, and under different model specifications, control for public and private health expenditure, food production quality, population, access to electricity, and the number of people practicing open defecation. The estimated results, among others, showed considerable evidence of positive feedback of fina

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Kuziemkowska, Daria, Rami Ben Rhaiem, Przemysław Kępka, et al. "Constipation - a patient's discomfort or a disturbing symptom - an overview of current knowledge." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 16, no. 1 (2023): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.16.01.019.

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Introduction: Constipation is identified as too few bowel movements (≤2/week; severe constipation is ≤2 bowel movements per month) or hard stools (Bristol Formation Scale 1 and 2) that are passed with effort, often with a sensation of incomplete defecation . Purpose of study: The aim of this review is to present key aspects of constipation, including epidemiology, diagnosis, management and clinical treatment directed to the individual patient and individual therapy. Materials and methods: The review was based on the available literature in the PubMed database and the Google Scholar search engi

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Monney, Isaac, Amos Baffoe-Kyeremeh, and Papa Kofi Amissah-Reynolds. "Accelerating rural sanitation coverage in Ghana: what are the speed bumps impeding progress?" Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 5, no. 4 (2015): 531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2015.005.

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Progress towards the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) sanitation target has generally been slow-paced in Ghana. This is particularly the case in rural areas where access to improved sanitation has increased by just 4% within two decades. This paper examines defecation practices as well as constraints and existing opportunities at both household and institutional levels in promoting in-house toilet construction. The study was conducted in three rural communities in the Tain district and drew on key informant interviews, focus group discussions, field observations and face-to-face interviews of

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Hothur, Rekha, Sreedevi Arepalli, and Anusha Doddoju Veera Bhadreshwara. "A KAP study on water, sanitation and hygiene among residents of Parla village, Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 5 (2019): 2081. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191823.

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Background: Ensuring access to safe drinking water and sanitation for rural people is the key catalyst for economic and human growth. However extreme poverty inhibits a significant portion of rural population from getting access to sanitation facilities and safe drinking water services. The study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitudes and Practices (KAP) with regard to water, sanitation and hygienic practices and to identify the socio-demographic factors in relation.Methods: A cross-sectional study sample comprising of 236 households was conducted in the rural field practice area after o

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Nguyen, Trong. "Treatment of a Patient with Severe Rash Pain Secondary to Monkeypox Virus: A Case Report." Pain Medicine Case Reports 7, no. 5 (2023): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/pmcr.2023.7.249.

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BACKGROUND: The following case describes a multimodal analgesic approach for pain control in a patient with monkeypox (mpox) lesions. CASE REPORT: A 48-year-old man presented with a positive mpox test, an inability to tolerate solid foods due to severe throat pain and painful oral lesions, and severe genital burning and rectal pain. The pain management team utilized a multimodal analgesia regimen, which included a viscous lidocaine mouth solution, lidocaine jelly for perineal pain, acetaminophen, ketorolac, gabapentin, and oxycodone. On the following day, he was able to tolerate solid food and

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Galić, Ivo, Josip Kronja, Ivica Pavičić, and Ivan Soldo. "Environmental footprints caused by the operation of open-pit mines and the possibility of multifunctional use of the occupied space." E-Zbornik, elektronički zbornik radova Građevinskog fakulteta 14, no. 28 (2024): 27–46. https://doi.org/10.47960/2232-9080.2024.28.14.27.

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Abstract: Open-pit mines of mineral raw materials play a key role in the development of society and economy. However, their construction and operation often have a significant environmental footprint, which includes physical, chemical and biological changes in the natural environment. This paper investigates the environmental impacts of open-pit mining and emphasizes the importance of integral use of the affected area in order to minimize negative impacts and at the same time promote their beneficial functions. The paper presents examples of rehabilitation and repurposing of open-pit mines and

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Turki, Abdulaziz Al Shuaibi *. Sofyan Osama Faidah Abdullah bakr bannani Khawlah Khaled Nafadi Tahani Nasser Ahmad khalofi Nouf Ali Alsaeed Yahya Mohammed Alzahrani Bashaer Abdulrahim Alsaati Ahmed Abdullah Ahmed Bahatab Daham Obaid Alshammari Fahad Abdullah Saeed Al Jarad. "CONSTIPATION CAUSES AND MANAGEMENT." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 06, no. 01 (2019): 681–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2536214.

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<strong><em>Introduction:</em></strong><em> Chronic constipation is considered a common, persistent problem that affect several patients globally. In the US, it is estimated that the prevalence of constipation is about fifteen percent in the general population. This number is similar to the estimated global prevalence of about fourteen percent. Risk factors include but not limited to old age, female, and lower socioeconomic status. Almost fifty percent of people complaining of constipation report symptoms for more than five years. Chronic constipation affects the quality of life and the psycho

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McRoberts, E. C., and R. Prochera. "Dredged slopes at Thompson open-pit." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 23, no. 4 (1986): 556–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t86-085.

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The development of an open-pit mine at Thompson, Manitoba, required the excavation by dredge of 17.6 × 106 m3 of overburden. The overburden consisted primarily of normally consolidated glaciolacustrine soils found beneath Thompson Lake. The paper reviews the geological and geotechnical characteristics of the varved deposits and the basis for establishing the overburden slope configuration. Previous experience on similar dredging projects in Manitoba and northwestern Ontario is reviewed. Performance data collected during the excavation of the dredged slopes are presented. Key words: dredging, s

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