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Journal articles on the topic 'Keywords: Antibacterial'

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Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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1

Diksha, I. Gusti Ngurah Ariestha Satya, I. Gusti Ayu Artini, I. Gusti Made Gde Surya Chandra Trapika, and Ida Ayu Alit Widhiartini. "Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Red Frangipani Flowers (Plumeria rubra L.) on the Growth of the Bacteria Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)." E-Jurnal Medika Udayana 13, no. 5 (2024): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mu.2024.v13.i05.p13.

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Introduction: MRSA is an antibacterial resistance problem that requires serious treatment. The limitations of antibacterials make it difficult to treat infections. The development of alternative antibacterial is needed. Objectives: This study shows the antibacterial effect of ethanol extract of Plumeria rubra L. flowers against MRSA bacteria. Methods: This research is a true experimental research with the only post-test control group design. The Kirby-Bauer test method was used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Plumeria rubra L. flowers with concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60% in triplicate. The test bacteria used MRSA ATCC 33591 bacteria. Antibacterial activity was assessed from the diameter of the inhibition zone formed in bacterial cultures on agar media. Results: The inhibition zone were not formed after ethanolic extract of Plumeria rubra L. flowers at various concentrations. These were not antibacterial activity shown from Plumeria rubra L. flowers extract at concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60%. Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of Plumeria rubra L. flowers does not show antibacterial activity against MRSA bacteria. Keywords: Red frangipani flowers (Plumeria rubra L.), antibacterial activity, MRSA.
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2

Rochman, Rizal Dwinto, Titiek Sunartatie, and Usamah Afiff. "Eksplorasi Antibakteri dari Kapang Tanah Arboretum." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 25, no. 3 (2020): 456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.25.3.456.

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Research to discover new antibacterial agent has been increasing due to the increasing number of pathogenic bacteria become antibiotic-resistant. Microbiomes in soil mold have antibacterial potency by producing secondary metabolites. The aim of this research was to isolate soil molds from the Faculty of Forestry Arboretum at IPB University. Arboretum’s soil was sampled ± 7.5 g from several points with maximum depth of 15 cm from surface. Mold isolate were cultivated for 28 days using waterbath shaker. Cultivated mycelium and soil filtrate were then separated and extracted using different methods and solvents, prior to antibacterial activity test using agar well diffusion method. Six isolates from Aspergillus, Penicillium, Paecilomyces, and Verticilium were used in this research. Cultivatation using sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB) contains pepton and dextrose in 25°C capable of stimulating mold growth. The research showed the result of secondary metabolit had antibacterial characteristic toward tested bacteria. The results of antibacterial activity test on both mycelium and soil filtrate extract showed that soil mold isolates had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Isolate 103A originated from soil filtrate formed the largest inhibition zone on both tested pathogens.
 
 Keywords: antibacteria, mycelium, soil filtrate, soil mold
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3

Kurniawati, Pipin T., H. Soetjipto, and Leenawati Limantara. "ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF BIXIN PIGMENT FROM ANNATTO (Bixa orellana L.) SEEDS." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 1 (2010): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21719.

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Research on Bixa orellana L. have been done to isolate, identify and determine bixin percentage, the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of bixin from B. orellana seed. Isolation and identification of bixin was done by thin layer chromatography (TLC), column chromatography, chemical test of bixin and UV-Vis double beam spectroscopy. Percentage of bixin was calculated by JECFA method, the antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH (1-1 diphynilpicrylhidrazil) method while antibacterial activity was analyzed by the use of agar diffusion method. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) for the crude extract contained 5 spot, where spot 5th was bixin. Bixa orellana has 75±3% of bixin. Antioxidant activity of bixin had IC50 548.5±20.0 ppm. Whereas the antibacterial activity of bixin against the Escherichia coli and Staphylococus aureus could be classified as weak inhibition category at 500-750 μg and medium inhibition category at 1500 μg. Keywords: Bixa orellana L., bixin, antioxidant, antibacteria
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4

N, Asmathunisha. "Rapid Method for Detecting Bactericidal Effects of Mangrove Derived Silver Nanoparticles Using Resazurin Microdilution Assay." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 8 (2021): 2438–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37784.

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Abstract: Nanoparticles plays a vital role in the field of antimicrobial agents against pathogenic microorganisms. Screening of nanoparticles for antimicrobial activities is a time consuming and cumbersome process. Recently, a simple technique of using the dye resazurin has been used as an indicator of bacterial growth for testing antimicrobial activity on microtitre plate. However, this technique does not quantify the microbial load. Therefore, the present work was attempted to find a new antibacterial method employing the dye resazurin assay and haemocytometric counting of microbes for testing silver nanoparticles synthesised from Xylocarpus mekongensis .The bacterial strains E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa (multi-drug resistant strain) were used to evaluate the screening of mangrove extracts. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was also calculated for the silver nanoparticles using ciproflaxcin as reference antibiotic. The antibacterial activity Xylocarpus mekongensis was carried out against all the three bacteria by the same method and the values were compared with reference antibiotic. The present study has suggested a rapid, dependable, easy and inexpensive method, suitable for testing the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles which are promising to develop as new antibacterials. Keywords: Mangroves, Silver, Nanoparticles, Resazurin, Antibacterials
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5

Yefrida, Farrah Aprilina, Indri Ticel Leone, and Refilda. "UJI AKTIVITAS ANTI BAKTERI ASAP CAIR YANG BERASAL DARI BATANG KAYU MANIS DAN KULIT KACANG TANAH." Jurnal Riset Kimia 2, no. 2 (2015): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v2i2.161.

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ABSTRAK Antibacterial agent is a compound that prevent the growth and reproduction of bacteria. Antibacterial activity of liquid smoke is caused by acid and fenolic compound. In this research, we determined antibacterial activity of liquid smoke from stem sweet wood and nut shell by using diffusion method. Both of liquid smoke have antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus Eschericia coli population. Their activity almost the same to chloramphenicol, but less than formalin. Keywords : antibacterial activity, liquid smoke, diffusion method
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6

Shermatova, G. D. "Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Rumex Confertus Willd." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (2021): 855–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39666.

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Abstract: The leaves and roots of Rumex confertus Willd were tested in vitro for antibacterial and fungal activity in the fractions of gasoline, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol. As a result, it was found that the leaves of the Rumex confertus Willd plant, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions of the root part have antibacterial activity against fungi and gram-positive bacteria. Keywords: Rumex confertus Willd, fractions, extracts, antibacterial, antifungal
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7

Rather, Ashaq Hussain, Surendra Singh, and Sameer Choudhary. "Antibacterial Activity of Haematococcus pluvialis Crude Astaxanthin Extract." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 2-S (2021): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i2-s.4662.

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H. pluvialis is the potential source of natural astaxanthin, which is considered as super antioxidant. In the present investigation, astaxanthin was extracted from the encysted cells of H. pluvialis with acetone, methanol, DMSO and hexane, the crude extracts were tested for four strain (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio cholera and Staphylococcus aureus)of bacteria for the antibacterial activity. Highest antibacterial activity was observed as 10.2 ±0.20 mm extracted with acetone on Escherichia coli while as least antibacterial activity was found as6.1±0.0 mm extracted with hexane on Vibrio cholera.
 Keywords: Haematoccoccus pluvialis; Astaxanthin; Antibacterial.
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8

More, Manoj Kumari. "Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Depsides as Potential Antibacterials." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 14, no. 3 (2024): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v14i3.6474.

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Sixteen depsides were synthesized to screen for their antibacterial activity. All of them were reported for the first time. Their chemical structures were clearly determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, ESI mass spectra. All the compounds were assayed for antibacterial and antifungal activities against two Gram-positive bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633) and (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29747)and two gram-negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli ATCC 8739) and (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25619) the MIC and zone of inhibition calculated by cup-plate method and serial dilution method and two fungal strains (Aspergillus niger ATCC 90292) and (Candida albicans ATCC 24433)by the micro-broth dilution method.Compound2-(2- propoxy -2-oxoethylphenyl (4-methoxyphenyl)acetate(P6) and 2-(2- propoxy-2-oxoethylphenyl(4-methylphenyl)acetate(P7) showed powerful antibacterial activities against E. coli with MIC of 2.0 40mg/ml while compound 2-(2- propoxy -2-oxoethylphenyl(4-methylphenyl)acetate (P7) and 2-(2- propoxy -2-oxoethylphenyl and (3-methoxyphenyl)acetate (P8) exhibited significant antibacterial activities against B. subtilis with MIC of 3.12 40mg/ml, which were superior to the positive controls amoxycillin trihydrate and ciprofloxacin HCl, respectively and compound 2-(2- propoxy -2-oxoethyl) phenyl 4-methylbenzoate (P8) was found to have highest antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 24433. On the basis of the biological results, quantitative structure activity relationships were discussed.
 Keywords: Depsides, Antibacterials, Antifungal, Quantitative structure activity relationship.
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9

PUTRA, AKBAR DIOSASQIA. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum Linn) TERHADAP ZONA HAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus epidermidis secara in vitro." JURNAL AGRI-TEK : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Eksakta 20, no. 1 (2019): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33319/agtek.v20i1.35.

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Background:Infectious diseases are the main cause of high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia.Indonesia is abundant with plants that can be used as herbal medicine. Garlic is known as having antibacterial elements, one of them is for Staphylococcus epidermidis which is one cause of dermal disease. This disease is often ignored in Indonesia because the price of the drug is not affordable by the community. So that garlic should be used as an alternative medicineObjective: This study aims to determine the antibacterial effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum L.) retarding the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis.Methods: This study is experimental laboratory using plate diffusion method of "Postest Ony Control Group Design" design. There are 7 groups, 5 treatment groups and 2 control groups. The concentration of treatment group was 100%, 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25% while for positive control using chloramphenicol and aquadest as negative control. The bacteria used were Staphylococcus epidermidis.Results: The results showed that garlic extract (Allium sativum L.) had an antibacterial effect in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The inhibitory zone concentration in the statistical results shows there are significant differences with values p = 0.000 or p <α.Conclusion: The conclusion of the study showed that Garlic Extract (Allium sativum L.) had an antibacterial effect to retarding the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis..Keywords: Staphylococcus epidermidis, garlic, antibacteria
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10

Cendikiawan, Reagan, and Yosi Kusuma Eriwati. "Fluoride Varnish with Antibacterial Agents for Dental Caries Prevention: A Short Review on Its Fabrication." Journal of Indonesian Dental Association 6, no. 2 (2023): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.32793/jida.v6i3.1044.

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 Introduction: In recent years, the medical field has begun to use medicinal plant in the manufacture of modern medicines. Most of the medicinal plants used have antibacterial properties such as cinnamon, clove, betel, and holy basil. These medicinal plants could be used in the manufacture of fluoride varnish to support antibacterial properties in preventing the development of dental caries. Objective: This study aimed to provide update review of medicinal plant used as antibacterial agent in the fabrication of fluoride varnish to prevent dental caries. Method: Data collection were carried out by searching the literature on article search sites, namely PubMed and Scopus which were published from 2017 to 2022. Data searches were carried out systematically using the keywords fluoride varnish, dental caries, antibacterial, and fabrication. The author performs data search, data selection, and data extraction. Results: Only nine articles were found after a thorough selection process and database search using search terms and keywords. Seven of the studies were in vitro study and two was randomized clinical trial (RCT). In the overall fluoride varnish efficacy study, adding medicinal plant as an antibacterial agent showed strong antibacterial action against S. mutans with great bacterial inhibition zone. Together with its constituent parts, the fabricating method, such as the temperature and stirring rate, influence the optimal result of fluoride varnish. Conclusion: The addition of medicinal plants and method modification in the fabrication of fluoride varnish showed potential antibacterial properties that enhance higher fluoride release.
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11

H., Yulianti A., Santoni, and Efdi M. "Antibacterial Bioactivity Assay of Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn) Plant Bark Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria." Antibacterial Bioactivity Assay of Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn) Plant Bark Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria 9, no. 1 (2024): 3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10638983.

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The ulin plant is a typical plant that can be found in Indonesia. This plant is used traditionally, one of which is mouthwash. In this study, antibacterial biocativity testing was carried out on the ulin plant bark in each extract. Preparation of ulin plant bark extracts using the multistage maceration method and antibacterial testing using the disc diffusion method and measured based on the diameter of the inhibition zone. There were three extracts produced, hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. Each extract was tested for antibacterial using Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results showed that hexane and ethyl acetate extracts were included in the category of moderate antibacterial compounds while methanol extracts were included in the strong antibacterial category. So it can be concluded that methanol extract is the most potential extract as antibacterial. Keywords:- Extract, Ulin, Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus.
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12

Irayanti, Ayu, and A. A. Gede Rai Yadnya Putra. "A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF ZINGIBERACEAE FAMILY AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICATION BASED ON BALINESE LOCAL WISDOM." Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Application 2, no. 2 (2020): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jpsa.2020.v02.i02.p04.

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Background: One of the native plants from Indonesia that have been widely used for traditional medication as an antibacterial comes from the Zingiberaceae family. Based on Usada Bali, the Zingiberaceae family used to treat digestive, respiratory, and skin diseases. Objective: This literature review aimed to discuss antibacterial activity from the Zingiberaceae family and see its validity as a traditional use as antibacterial based on Balinese local wisdom medication method (Usada) with its scientific evidence. Methods: The method of this literature review is the study of literature from several scientific publications in national and international journals about the antibacterial activity of the Zingiberaceae family. Results: Several studies showed that the Zingiberaceae family has an antibacterial activity with various inhibitions depended on the type of bacteria. Conclusion: The Zingiberaceae family mentioned in Usada Bali has been scientifically proved to have antibacterial activity, so it shows the validity as a traditional use as antibacterial based on Usada with its scientific evidence.
 Keywords: Zingiberaceae, antibacterial, Usada
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13

Putri, Siti Aisyah Ratna, Haryanto Susanto, Sabrina Handayani Tambun, and Teguh Oktiarso. "UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI PADA MACAM MACAM MADU PADA BAKTERI ESCHERICHIA COLI DAN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS DENGAN METODE DIFUSI AGAR DAN DILUSI CAIR." Sainsbertek Jurnal Ilmiah Sains & Teknologi 2, no. 2 (2022): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33479/sb.v2i2.153.

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This study is an experimental laboratory, conducted to get the antibacterial activity in the types of multiflora honey, randu honey, mente honey, rambutan honey, sono honey, acacia honey, rubber honey. In this study, preliminary tests, phytochemical screening, and antibacterial tests have been carrying out to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Level (MIC) and Minimum Killing Rate (KBM) at concentrations of 20, 25, 50, and 100%. Phytochemical test results it's known that each honey contains positive alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, and saponins. Antibacterial test results showed that each honey's positively had antibacterial activity. MIC and KBM obtained showed that each honey can inhibit the growth of bacteria, but only rambutan honey in Escherichia coli bacteria cannot kill bacteria.
 Keywords: antibacterial, honey, MIC, KBM, E.coli, S.aureus, disc diffusion, dilution
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14

Kasmawati, Henny, Nurramadhani A. Sida, Arfan Arfan, Wa Ode Dian Indrayanti, and Arman Rusman. "An in Vitro Approach: Antibacterial Activity of Sansevieria trifasciata Prain. Leaves with Chemometric Analysis." Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan 6, no. 1 (2024): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v6i1.2087.

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Exploration the antibacterial activity of S.trifasciata Prain. is still limited, therefore this study aims to assess the antibacterial activity of extracts and ethyl acetate fractions of Sansevieria trifasciata Prain. The S.trifasciata leaves was macerated with ethanol 96%, then fractionated using the trituration method with ethyl acetate. The treatment group was divided into positive control group (PC) using ciprofloxacin, negative control (NC) using DMSO, extract, ethyl acetate fraction 5% (ET5%), 10% (ET10%), 20% (ET20%), 40% (ET40 %). Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and chemometrically with PCA. The inhibition zone for S.aureus bacteria in each sample is 26.69; 1.40; 23.32;2.82; 6.23; 11.11; 20.15 mm, respectively, E.coli is 26.65;0.63;22.65;3.61;7.11;11.44;21.15 mm respectively, P. aeruginosa is 27.40; 0.00; 23.23; 2.74;7.03;11.69;21.36 mm respectively. Percent inhibition of extract, ET5%, ET10%, ET20%, ET40% on S. aureus bacteria is 82.16; 5.31; 18.12; 36.39; 70.38% respectively, E.coli is 82.67; 11.13; 24.31; 40.56; 76.99% respectively, P. aeruginosa 84.85; 10.01; 25.65; 42.68; 77.98% respectively. Extract and ethyl acetate fraction have significant potential as antibacterial (p<0.05). The results of PCA chemometric analysis showed that the extract and ET40% had similar inhibition zone area to the positive control ciprofloxacin. The extract and the ethyl acetate fraction 40% are promising for development as antibacterials. Keywords: Sansevieria trifasciata Prain., chemometric, bacterial
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15

Golden, L. B., A. A. Ploskireva, E. V. Kanner, and I. D. Kanner. "Clinical pattern of antibiotic-associated syndrome in children receiving different antibacterial therapy." Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health 4, no. 3 (2021): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2021-4-3-260-267.

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Aim: to describe the clinical pattern of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and extraintestinal manifestations of antibiotic-associated syndrome (AAS) in children receiving different antibacterial therapy. Patients and Methods: this prospective clinical observational study was conducted in 2017–2019. The study included 231 children aged three months to 13 years admitted for community-acquired pneumonia and received antibacterial treatment. Clinical presentations of AAS (diarrhea, vomiting, dyspepsia, stomatitis) and extraintestinal presentations of AAS were evaluated in all children within a month after antibacterial treatment. In addition, clinical presentations of AAS were compared in children who received β-lactam antibiotics or macrolides. Results: AAS symptoms were diagnosed in 64.5% of children, while diarrhea was observed in 25%. In patients who received β-lactam antibiotics, the most common gastrointestinal (GI) signs were diarrhea, dyspepsia, loss of appetite, and constipation. In children who received ampicillin, the rate of GI signs was lower. In total, GI signs in AAS were less common in children who received macrolides compared to children who received β-lactam antibiotics. Minimal symptoms were associated with clarithromycin. Conclusion: AAS is one of the clinical manifestations of adverse effects of antibacterials on the human organism, including AAD and extraintestinal symptoms. The highest safety profile characterizes clarithromycin in terms of AAS. KEYWORDS: antibiotic-associated diarrhea, antibiotic-associated syndrome, adverse drug reactions, antibacterial treatment, macrolides, adverse effects, antibiotic-associated colitis. FOR CITATION: Golden L.B., Ploskireva A.A., Kanner E.V., Kanner I.D. Clinical pattern of antibiotic-associated syndrome in children receiving different antibacterial therapy. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2021;4(3):260–267 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618- 8430-2021-4-3-260-267.
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Kristiananda, Debi, Juvita Lisu Allo, Veronica Arien Widyarahma, et al. "AKTIVITAS BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L.) SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIBAKTERI." Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik 19, no. 1 (2022): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/jiffk.v19i1.6683.

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ABSTRACTGarlic (Allium sativum L.) has various potentials in overcoming diseases, one of which is as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to explore, analyze and review the activity of garlic (Allium sativum L.) as an antibacterial agent. This study uses a literature search method using search sites such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, AYU, NCBI, Elsevier, PlosOne, and Google Scholar. by entering keywords such as antibacterial, Garlic, and Allium sativum L. Garlic contains secondary metabolites that function as antibacterial agents such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, allicin. Garlic has been shown to inhibit the growth of gram-positive and negative bacteria species Escherichia, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Klebsiella, Proteus, Bacillus, Clostridium, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae and, Bifidobacterium lactis predominantly using the paper disk and well diffusion method.Keywords: Allium sativum L, Antibacterial, Diffusion, Garlic
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Notriawan, Doni, Gustria Ernis, Risky Hadi Wibowo, Reza Pertiwi, and Tessa Rianti Malau. "Aktivitas Antibakteri Nanopartikel Perak Hasil Green Synthesis Menggunakan Ektrak Kulit Buah Kemuning (Murraya Paniculata (L) Jack)." BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 3, no. 2 (2020): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v3i2.1850.

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Antibacterial activity using silver nanoparticles synthesized using Murraya Paniculata (L) rinds extract has been carried out. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Murraya Paniculata (L) rinds extract. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by reacting AgNO3 with water extract of the Murraya Paniculata (L) rinds. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles were tested for antibacterial activity using Escherichia coli ATCC 8739. Silver nanoparticles synthesized using Murraya Paniculata (L) rinds extract were characterized using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to confirm the formation of silver nanoparticles. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer results showed the formation of silver nanoparticles which was indicated by an absorption around 400-450 nm. The antibacterial activity test results of silver nanoparticles showed a strong inhibitory activity.
 Keywords: Green Synthesis, Silver Nanoparticles, Antibacterial, Echerichia Coli
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Susanto, Hendra, Mega Safithri, and Kustiariyah Tarman. "Antibacterial activity of Stichopus hermanii and Stichopus variegatus methanol extract." Current Biochemistry 5, no. 2 (2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/cb.5.2.1-11.

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Since 500 years ago sea cucumber has been used as wound healing medicine. Sea cucumbers are thought to function as a cell growth factor and have the potential as an antibacterial agent. This study aims to determine whether the methanol extract of sea cucumber has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa so that it can be used to help diabetic wound healing of people infected with the same bacteria. The extraction method used was maceration with methanol to dried frozen simplicia. The simplicia was obtained by freeze drying to liquid preparation of heated fresh sea cucumber. The antibacterial activity test was performed using well diffusion method. There were no any antibacterial activity found in the two methanol extracts of sea cucumber.
 Keywords: antibacterial agent, Stichopus hermanii, Stichopus variegatus
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Karmana, I. Wayan. "Artikel Review : Bioaktivitas Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Beserta Pemanfaatannya." Educatoria : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan 3, no. 3 (2023): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36312/educatoria.v3i3.200.

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Hibiscus sabdariffa is a species of the Malvaceae family which has long been used by humans as a traditional medicine. The use of Hibiscus sabdariffa as a traditional medicine is related to its bioactivity. Hibiscus sabdariffa has several pharmacological potentials, namely: 1) anticancer; 2) antioxidants; 3) antibacterial; 4) antiaging; 5) antiseptic; and 6) antihypertensive. The method of writing this article is a literature review published online, especially on Google Scholar using the keywords Hibiscus sabdariffa, bioactivity and utilization of Hibiscus sabdariffa. The results of this review state that rosella flowers (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) have potential as anticancer, antioxidants, antihypertensive antibacterials, and low caffeinated tea drinks.
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Trisnawita, Yuni, Elisa Putri, and Muhammad Ridha Al Ikhsan. "Pemanfaatan Pliek U (Bumbu Khas Aceh) sebagai Krim Antibakteri." BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 5, no. 2 (2022): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v5i2.4563.

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This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Pliek U ethanol extract cream against Staphylococcus aureus. The method was an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) on five treatments, namely positive control, negative control, F1, F2, and F3, each with four repetitions. Antibacterial testing was carried out using the disc diffusion method. The results showed that the average diameters of F1, F2 and F3 were 12.65 mm, 14.9 mm and 12.92 mm, which were included in the solid antibacterial category in inhibiting the activity of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Pliek U can be formulated as a cream preparation, meets the requirements for quality tests for cream preparations and has met SNI standard parameters. In conclusion, Pliek U ethanol extract cream has antibacterial activity with the most optimum effectiveness at a concentration of 5%. 
 Keywords: Antibacterial, Cream, Pliek U, Staphylococcus aureus
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21

Husniah, Imraatul, and Tri Umiana Soleha. "Antibacterial Activity of Honey Pineapple Peel Extract (Ananas comosus [L] Merr.) against MethicillinResistant Staphylococcus aureus." WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) 8, no. 1 (2023): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/wmj.8.1.5918.16-22.

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is a global health problem that needs to be answered by developing a synthetic or natural antibacterial to overcome the problem. The honey pineapple peel contains potentially antibacterial compounds such as bromelain and flavonoid. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of honey pineapple peel extract (Ananas comosus [L] Merr.) against MRSA. The design of this study was a true experimental study with a post-test control group design. This study examined the antibacterial activity of honey pineapple peel extract at concentrations of 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.56% against MRSA bacteria by measuring minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) with dilution method and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The results of this study show that MIC was obtained at concentrations of 50 % and MBC at extract with a concentration of 100 %. There is an antibacterial activity of honey pineapple peel extract (Ananas comosus [L] Merr.) against MRSA.
 Keywords: Antibacterial Activity, Honey Pineapple Peel, MRSA
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Rasyid, Abdullah, and Kyoko Adachi. "ISOLATION OF ACTINOMYCIN D FROM MARINE DERIVED Streptomyces." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 7, no. 3 (2010): 350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21683.

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The bioactive substance producing strain, a marine bacterium A5S-46 was found in the antibacterial screening. This strain was isolated from the artificial sponge set in the coastal seawater at Iriomote islands (Japan). The crude extract from culture broth of the strain A5S-46 was assayed to the antibacterial activity test against the seven kinds of bacterial test strains. The active substance accumulated in the both bacterial cells and culture supernatant. Based on the 1H NMR and the LC/PDA/MS data, the bioactive substance was identified to be actinomycin D. Keywords: Marine bacteria, Actinomycin D, Antibacterial, Anticancer
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J. A, Ndahi, Mukhtar Haruna, A. B. Mustapha, and A. U. Modibbo. "Synthesis, Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Studies of Schiffbase Ligand derived from Benzaldehyde and Urea and its Ni(II) and Cu(II) Metal Complexes." NEWPORT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND PHARMACY 5, no. 2 (2024): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/nijpp/2024/523945056.

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Metal complexes of Ni (II) and Cu (II) with Schiff-base were successfully synthesized, characterized by solubility, melting point/decomposition temperature, molar conductivity, FT-IR, magnetic susceptibility, and elemental analysis. The complexes have a 1:2 metal-ligand ratio and low molar conductance values, indicating nonelectrolytes. They were tested for antibacterial activity against pseudomonas and Escherichia coli and Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. Both the free ligand and the complexes showed antibacterial activity, with higher activity at high concentrations. The complexes showed better antibacterial and fungal activity than the free ligand. Keywords: Urea, Synthesis, Benzaldedyde, Microorganisms, Azomethine.
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Abdulrahman alsheikhly, Omar, Aryan R. Ganjo, Hayman Sardar Abdulrahman, and Sanaa Y. Issa. "Synthesis of Benzylpenicillin esters and evaluate the change in the anti-bacterial effects by Docking and bacteriological study." Diyala Journal of Medicine 26, no. 1 (2024): 92–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.26505/djm.26017991105.

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Background: Benzylpenicillin is an antibiotic that possesses effectiveness mainly against gram-positive and some gram-negative bacteria. The carboxylic acid of beta-lactam is essential for its antibacterial activity. However, many prodrugs have been produced through the esterification of this carboxylic acid group, like Pivampicillin. Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial effects of Benzylpenicillin when the free carboxylic acid mask with different chemical groups of different polarity. Patients and Methods: Four Benzylpenicillin derivatives (compounds p1-p4) were chemically synthesized through the esterification of the carboxylic acid group with different groups of different polarity, and the antibacterial activities were examined by docking and bacteriological studies. Results: All the compounds showed different antibacterial results. The docking results showed that; the compound of the highest polarity (compound p1) has the best Binding energy. Also; The results of in vitro antibacterial activity showed that; compound p1 had the largest zones of inhibition and the highest antibacterial activity among all the other compounds. Conclusion: Masking the free carboxylic acid of benzylpenicillin with polar group will enhance the antibacterial activity. Keywords: Beta lactam antibiotics, Benzylpenicillin, anti-bacterial activities, docking, esterification.
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Sumitriasih, Ni Luh, Ahmad Ridhay, and Indriani. "UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK n-HEKSAN, ETIL ASETAT DAN ETANOL KULIT BATANG KAYU EBONI (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) MENGGUNAKAN METODE DIFUSI." KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia 5, no. 3 (2019): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2019.v5.i3.11540.

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A study was conducted on the antibacterial activity test on n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts of ebony bark (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) using a diffusion method. The purpose of this research is to know the antibacterial activity of ebony bark against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria using n-hexane, ethyl acetate dan ethanol. The method of extraction used in this research was maceration method with three polarity levels of solvent. The antibacterial activity test was performed by diffusion-well test. The results showed that ethyl acetate extract gave the highest inhibition of 26.14 mm in gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and ethanol extract of 25.97 mm in gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli).
 Keywords: Ebony (Diospyros celebica. Bakh), Tree Bark, Inhibitory, Antibacterial
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Latief, Madyawati, Muhaimin Muhaimin, Hilda Amanda, Indra Lasmana Tarigan, and Siti Aisyah. "Isolation of alkaloids compound of ethanol extract of mangrove perepat (S. alba) root and its antibacterial activity." Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi 17, no. 1 (2021): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/jif.vol17.iss1.art2.

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Background: Exploration of the chemical contents and bioactivities of mangrove plants is important to discover new therapeutic agents for society and to develop its medicinal values. Objective: This study aims to isolate alkaloid compounds from the ethanol extract of Sonneratia alba root which is likely to have an antibacterial activity. Methods: Isolation was carried out using fractionation and chromatography, while antibacterial activity test was performed using the disc diffusion methods. Results: Our phytochemical screening shows that the ethanol extract has a high concentration of alkaloid compounds. The alkaloid which contain in isolate (F4) is further confirmed through UV-Vis Spectra and FT-IR spectra. The ethanol extract exhibits the antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with the inhibition zone of 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm, respectively. Conclusion: Alkaloid compound has been isolated from Sonneratia alba and has potential as antibacterial agent. Keywords: mangrove perepat (Sonneratia alba), alkaloid, antibacterial agent
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Malviya, Sapna, and P. Dwivedi. "Extracts of Ailanthus excels an Essential Medicine in Ayurveda: Pharmacological evaluationand preliminary screening of phytochemicals." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 1-s (2019): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i1-s.2243.

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Ailanthus excels belongs to family Simaroubaceae known as tree of Heaven and Mahanimba commonly found in the India and China. The present study involves preliminary screening, qualitative analysis and pharmacological evaluation of extract. The preliminary photochemical screening performed using petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extract. Analytical techniques like; TLC, FTIR and HPTLC also performed for qualitative and quantitative determination. Various chemical tests also performed for qualitative determination of alkaloids, flavanoids, phenols, terpenoids, steroids and saponins in plant extracts. Plant extract finally subjected to antibacterial and antifungal activities and findings of study suggested that plant extracts possesses potent antibacterial and antifungal activities.
 Keywords: Ailanthus excelsa, antibacterial, antifungal, preliminary screening, TLC, HPTLC.
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Boukhallout, Fath Eddine, Mohamed Dehamchia, Samir Bayou, Chaima Adaika, Abdelhafeez M. A. Mohammed, and Zine Regainia. "Synthesis and biological activity of new imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one, imidazo[2,1-b]purin-4(5H)-one and imidazo[2,1-i]purine as antioxidant and antibacterial agents." INDIAN JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 34, no. 03 (2024): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.59467/ijhc.2024.34.421.

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This paper investigates the antioxidant and antibacterial applications of new fusedimidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin- 5(6H)-one, imidazo[2,1-i]purine,andimidazo[2,1-b]purin-4(5H)-one synthesized by the reaction of a-bromoacetophenone with nucleobases (adenine, guanine, and cytosine). The newly synthesized compounds were structurally confirmed using spectral studies and elemental analysis. All the products were screened for their antioxidant capacity by applying the methods of scavenging free radicals (ABTS and DPPH). The antibacterial activity was examined against three bacterial strains: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC-27853), Escherichia coli (ATCC-25922), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-25923).. KEYWORDS :Antibacterial Activity, Antioxidant Activity, Imidazole, Imidazo-purine, Imidazo-pyrimidine.
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Sari, Ira Novita, Kurnia Rimadhanti Ningtyas, and Taufik Nugraha Agassi. "Aplication Chitosan Modified Carboxymethyl as Antibacterial Agent of Paper Packaging." ALKIMIA : Jurnal Ilmu Kimia dan Terapan 6, no. 2 (2023): 244–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19109/alkimia.v6i2.13702.

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Chitosan and chitosan modified carboxymethyl were used to enhance performances of paper packaging. Chitosan 1.0 wt% and chitosan modified carboxymethyl solutions with concentrations of 0.25; 0.5 and 1.0 wt% were manually applied on paper surface using dip coating method. Effects of chitosan coatings on antibacterial properties of the paper were investigated. The antimicrobial activity of chitosan against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) was found to be enhanced when chitosan and chitosan modified carboxymethyl solution were entrapped within paper. Further paper coated chitosan and chitosan modified carboxymethyl has higher antibacterial activity againt S. aureus rather than E. coli.
 Keywords: Chitosan carboxymethyl, antibacterial agent, paper packaging
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Dr., Bheem Rao, Ramana Rao. A. T, and P. Jyothi. "A Comparative Study of Anti Bacterial Activity of Epidermal Secretion of Two Fishes Channa punctatus and H.fossils (Bloch)." A Comparative Study of Anti Bacterial Activity of Epidermal Secretion of Two Fishes Channa punctatus and H.fossils (Bloch) 8, no. 11 (2023): 5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10154050.

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The present study carried out to determine the comparative study of antibacterial activity of epidermal secreations of two fishes channa punctatus and Hetetropneustes fossilis, against bacterial strains. i.e Escherchia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aereus, Proteus vulgaris. In Channa punctatus higest Zone of inhibition occurs with Staphylococcus aureus (30mm) and minimum ZOI occurs with Klebsiella pneumoniae (19mm) . In heteropneustes fossilis the higest Zone of inhibition occurs Escherchia coli (30mm)., minimum ZOI with Klebsiella pneumonia (20mm) . The antibacterial activity of epidermal mucus secretion was compared between two fishes channa punctatus and Hetetropneustes fossilis .Keywords:- Antibacterial, fish mucus, Channa punctatus, Hateropneustes fossilis Epidermal mucus Pathogen, Zone of inhibition.
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Djanggola, Tri Novrianti, Yusriadi Yusriadi, and Muhamad Rinaldhi Tandah. "FORMULASI GEL EKSTRAK PATIKAN KEBO (Euphorbia hirta L.) DAN UJI AKTIVITAS TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus epidermidis." Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) 2, no. 2 (2016): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2016.v2.i2.5954.

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Patikan kebo (Euphorbia hirta L.) is a plant that have activity of inhibiting the Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria, which was known as the cause of acnes. Flavonoids and tannin as antibacterial compounds which supposedly can act as an active antiacne. Purposes of this research is formulating extract gel of patikan kebo and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis by agar difussion method using paper disc and to know stability of the gel. The result was analyzed by One Way ANOVA with confidence level of 95%, followed by Duncan test. The result of this research showed test antibacterial activity that difference among the concentration extract has a noticeable difference zone of inhibition and extract gel of patikan kebo not have good physical quality during 28 days of storage. Keywords: Patikan kebo (Euphorbia hirta L.), gel, antibacterial, Staphylococcus epidermidis
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Yumita, Yumita, Abdul Rahman Razak, Indriani, and Syaiful Bahri. "ANALISIS KLT BIOAUTOGRAFI EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG TANAMAN KAYU JAWA (Lannea coromandelica) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Shigella dysentriae." KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia 5, no. 2 (2019): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/kovalen.2019.v5.i2.12786.

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Java wood plants (Lannea coromandelica) is a traditional medicinal plant which is still often used by people to treat internal and external wounds. The study aims to determine the effect of solvent polarity in Javanese stem bark extract on Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae, and to identify the compound groups which had an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae with KLT-Bioautography analysis. The results show that the n-hexane extract of Javanese bark is not showing an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae, whereas the ethyl acetate extract and methanol of Javanese bark show an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae. The results of the TLC-Bioautography test show negative results for Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae. 
 Keywords: Lannea coromandelica, antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysentriae, KLT-Bioautografi
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Litaay, Gabriela Welma. "Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Matoa (Pometia Pinnata) terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus Aureus." Journal of Telenursing (JOTING) 5, no. 2 (2023): 3393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/joting.v5i2.7431.

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This study aims is to determine the antibacterial activity, effective concentration and content of secondary metabolite compounds from matoa (Pometia pinnata) stem bark extract against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The extraction was made by maceration method, while the antibacterial activity test using the diffusion agar method. The results of testing the antibacterial activity of matoa bark ethanol extract against Staphylococcus aureus were analyzed using the OneWay ANOVA test with the SPSS 26 application showing significant differences between concentrations of 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, with positive control and negative control because the significance was < 0.05. The conclusion of this research is that there are significant differences in the concentration variations of matoa bark ethanol extract used on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.
 
 Keywords: Antibacterial Activity, Matoa Stem Bark, Paper Disk Diffusion, Secondary Metabolites, Staphylococcus Aureus.
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Macpal, Yuliana, Veibe Warouw, Deiske A. Sumilat, James J. H. Paulus, Natalie D. C. Rumampuk, and Reni L. Kreckhoff. "AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DAN ANTI-UV BEBERAPA ASCIDIAN DARI PERAIRAN PANGALISANG BUNAKEN." JURNAL PESISIR DAN LAUT TROPIS 7, no. 3 (2019): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jplt.7.3.2019.26019.

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Ascidians are sesile marine invertebrates that have bioactive compounds such as antibacterial and anti-UV. The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and to test the anti-UV activity of the ascidian water fraction. Antibacterial activity test was carried out using the diffusion method (disc diffusion Kirby & Bauer) and the water fraction of ascidian that showing antibacterial activity tested in a UV spectrophotometer to see the anti-UV activity. Results of the study were obtained 4 types of ascidians extracted from partitioned into water fraction, n-hexane fraction, methanol fraction. All three fractions were tested for antibacterial activity and the result showed that there were antibacterial activities of ascidian extract Clavelina sp. against both test bacteria with inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli with strong categories. Ascidian Phlebobranch sp. showed the presence of antibacterial activity with inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli with very strong categories (16,6 mm). extract Eudistoma sp. showed the presence of antibacterial activity with inhibition S. aureus and E. coli in the medium category (9 mm). The water fraction found active in antibacterial testing is then tested using a UV spectrophotometer for anti UV testing, the result show that water fraction of the four ascidians can absorb UV-B (290-320nm) and UV-A ( 320-400nm).Keywords : Ascidian, Antibacterial, Partition, Anti- UV.
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V S, Anila Kumari, Dr Prasobh G R, and Sheeja Rekha A G. "A Brief Review on Isoxazole Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 9 (2022): 321–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20220935.

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Isoxazole compounds exhibit a wide spectrum of targets and broad biological activities. Isoxazole derivatives are still popular scaffolds for the development of new agents with variable biological activities such as antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anticonvulsant or antidiabetic properties. The key feature of these heterocycles is that they possess the typical properties of an aromatic system but contain a weak nitrogen-oxygen bond which under certain reaction conditions like reducing or basic conditions is a potential site of ring cleavage. Thus, isoxazoles are very useful intermediates since the ring system stability allows the manipulation of substituents to give functionally complex derivatives, yet it is easily cleaved when necessary. In this review we have focused on the FDA approved antibacterial agents, clinically used drugs containing isoxazole moiety, Antibacterial agents with isoxazole moiety under preclinical trial, Isoxazole derivatives as antibacterial agents, FDA approved antibacterial agents with isoxazole ring, Mechanism of action of isoxazole derivatives, synthesis and screening of isoxazole derivatives as antibacterial agents Keywords: Isoxazole, Antibacterial activity, FDA approval, Chalcone
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Babadi, Fatemeh, and Kosar Rezaeifar. "Compression of Antibacterial Effect of Some Herbal Mouthwash Containing Oak Extract: Review Paper." Jundishapur Journal of Medical Sciences 20, no. 4 (2021): 300–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jsmj.20.4.2190.

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Background and Objectives The aim of this present study is to review the effects of antibacterial properties of oak fruit, inner husk of oak fruit, and Jaftex mouthwash. Subjects and Methods The present study is a narrative literature review conducted using electronic databases such as ISI, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, and IranMedex from 1995 to 2019. The keywords that were searched included “Oak fruit”, “Oak tree”, “Jaftex mouthwash”, “Antibacterial”, “Antimicrobial”, and “Microorganism”. Results Review of previous studies showed that oak fruit, Jaft, and Jaftex mouthwash have antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms. Jaftex mouthwash significantly reduced number of microorganisms in mouth, however it had less antimicrobial effect compared to chlorhexidine. Jaftex had a greater inhibitory effect on bacterial growth than Matrica and Persica. Conclusion Oak fruit and Jaft have antibacterial properties which is related to presence of phenols, tannin, proteins. Various studies confirmed antibacterial property of these types of plants. The antibacterial characteristics of Jaftex mouthwash is mainly related to Jaft extract. Jaftex is recommended as an antibacterial mouthwash.
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Ahmed, Hamidu, and Ibrahim Mohammed. "Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Citrus sinensis Peel Extracts on Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi." IDOSR JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 9, no. 2 (2024): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/idosrjsr/2024/9.2.12731.100.

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This study investigates the use of Citrus sinensis (Orange) peel extracts as antibacterial agents against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. The bacteria were isolated from typhoid fever infected patients and diagnosed using various laboratory procedures. The extracts showed antibacterial activity due to the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponin, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenols. Flavonoids have anti-inflammatory, anti-hepatotoxic, and antimicrobial properties, while saponins and tannins play a role in wound healing and antimicrobial activities. The ethanol extract showed the highest antibacterial effect against the test isolate, with the highest zone of inhibition of 20 mm at 100mg/ml against S. aureus and 19 mm for S. typhi. The aqueous extract had the highest zone of in inhibition of 17 mm at the same concentration for S. typhi and negative bacteria. The study highlights the importance of understanding the potential of Citrus sinensis peel extracts as antibacterial agents. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Citrus Sinensis, S. Typhi, antibacterial activities, flavonoids, Terpenoids, and phenols
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Gea, Saharman, Hariyati, Andriayani, and Khatarina Meldawati Pasaribu. "Preparation of Kemuning (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) Leaf Extract Microencapsulation by Ionic Gelation Method As An Antibacterial." International Journal of Ecophysiology 5, no. 2 (2023): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijoep.v5i2.13459.

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Extracts from the leaves of the kemuning plant have bioactive compounds that have potential as antibacterial. However, there are some difficulties when using bioactive compounds such as instability, reactivity and having a strong odor. To overcome this problem, it is important to carry out the treatment, namely, the microencapsulation technique. Microencapsulation is a technique for coating the active ingredient with a polymer that can protect the active component thereby increasing the bioavailability of the active compound to be covered by the coating material. The polymer materials used as coating materials in this study were chitosan and STTP using the ionic gelation method. The characteristics measured included the phytochemical test, PSA test, antibacterial, FTIR, and SEM. Phytochemical test results showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, PSA test showed micro-sized encapsulation, antibacterial indicated the presence of a strong inhibitory zone which had potential as antibacterial, FTIR indicated the presence of OH, C=O, NH groups.
 Keywords: Microencapsulation, Antibacterial, Kemuning Leaf Extract, Ionic Gelation.
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S., Peer Mohamed. "Antibacterial Activity of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) Fruits against Selective bacterial Pathogens." British Journal of Medical and Health Research 10, no. 04 (2023): 9–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7878507.

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ABSTRACT Noni (<em>Morinda citrifolia</em> L.) is an edible and medicinal fruit distributed in Tirunelveli, India. The antibacterial activities of the extracts of water, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-butanol were assayed by the disk diffusion method. The results showed that the extracts from Noni fruit possessed antibacterial effects against <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Proteus vulgaris</em>, and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Among 5 different extracts, the Butanol extract produced the best antibacterial activity. The samples were first extracted by ethanol, and the primary compounds in the fraction of ethanol extract Butanol extract &nbsp;was further isolated and identified. Six phenolic compounds, including 5, 15-dimethylmorindol, ferulic acid, p-hydroxycinamic acid, methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, methyl ferulate, and methyl 4-hydroxycinnamate, were identified by NMR. The results indicated that the phenolic compounds might significantly contribute to antibacterial activities of Noni fruit. <strong>Keywords</strong>: antibacterial activity, isolation and identification, <em>Morinda citrifolia</em> (Noni) fruit
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P., Vidya and G. Subramani. "FUNGUS MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST SELECTIVE FOOD BORNE PATHOGENS." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 11 (2017): 4627–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1069710.

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In the present study, the aqueous extract of Aspergillus flavus was employed for the mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNps). The fungal extract of A. flavus acts as a reducing agent for the synthesis of AgNps. The biologically synthesized AgNPs was well characterized using various techniques such as, UV&ndash;Visible spectrophotometer, TEM, EDX and XRD. The synthesized AgNPs was found to be spherical in shape with a size range between 10 to 40 nm, and presence of elemental silver was also confirmed by the EDX spectrum. The mycosynthesized AgNps showed great extent of antibacterial property against the selected food borne pathogenic strains. The results obtained revealed that the maximum antibacterial activity of AgNPs was found against B. subtilis followed by S. aureus. From the present study results, it is clear that the synthesized AgNPs possessing good antibacterial activity could be more effective in applications such as antibacterial food packaging materials. Keywords: Aspergillus flavus, AgNPs, Antibacterial activity, TEM
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Padma, Singh* and Pallavi. "SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCING ACTINOMYCETES FROM THE SOIL OF GANGA RIVER BED OF HARIDWAR." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 04 (2018): 2709–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1226725.

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Actinomycetes are the mostly widely distributed group of microorganism in nature which is of high commercial value and thus are routinely screened for new antibiotics. We have undertaken this study to resolve the problem of antibiotic resistance. 6Actinomycetes were isolated from the soil by serial dilution method. Based on the biochemical characterization Nocardia sp. was chosen to check antibacterial potential. Optimization of growth was carried out at 290C for 5-7 days on Glycerol Yeast Extract Agar Medium. Antibacterial activity was studied against E.coli and Bacillus sp.. Antibacterial activity was determined using disc diffusion method. Antibacterial metabolite extracted using ethyl acetate was effective and gave zone of inhibition of 13mm and 20mm against the used pathogenic Bacillus and E.coli strains. As most microorganisms have developed resistance to existing antibiotics. So it has provoked the need of constant research like ours on the production of newer antibiotics. Keywords: Actinomycetes, antibiotics, Nocardia sp., E.coli, Bacillus, disc diffusion, GYEAM, Antibacterial potential.
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Nurjanah, Sarifah, Indira Lanti Putri, and Dwi Pretti Sugiarti. "Antibacterial Activity of Nutmeg Oil." KnE Life Sciences 2, no. 6 (2017): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i6.1076.

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Indonesia is one of the largest producer of nutmeg oil (Myristica fragrans). This essential oil has a lot of usefulness for food and pharmaceutical industries, however antibacterial activity of Indonesian nutmeg oil has not been investigated yet. Antibacterial activity Myristica fragrans oil from two areas respectively (Sulawesi and Central Java) were investigated. The essential oils was extracted using water and steam distiller and then its antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria (gram-positive bacteria : Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, and gram-negative bacteria : Shigella Dysenteriae, Salmonella Typhi) was examined. Resistance pattern was studied by in vitro disc diffusion method using essential oil concentration 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. The result showed that the two essential oils inhibited all bacteria. The highest inhibition zone on Central Java nutmeg oil was on 60% concentration of the oil (12.96 16.79, 13.46 and 16.50 mm for S. aureus, S. epidermis, S. dysenteriae, S. typhi respectively), while on Sulawesi nutmeg oil was on 100% concentration (18.84, 16.54, 17.84 and 12.54 mm for S. aureus, S. epidermis, S. dysenteriae, S. typhi respectively). Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Nutmeg oil; Central Java; Sulawesi
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Muhammad, Shoaib* Amanullah Khan Muhammad Kamran Taj Saima Ghazal. "ANALGESICS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF BERBERIS LYCIUM ROOTS COLLECTED FROM DISTRICT ZIARAT, BALOCHISTAN." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 11 (2017): 4320–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1064020.

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Berberis lycium (berberidaecae) is a conventional medicinal plant of Balochistan province in Pakistan. It is traditionally used as an antipyretic, anti inflammatory, anti hypercholesterolemia, antidiabetic and for wound healing. This present study has evaluated the pharmacological (analgesic) and antibacterial activities of the crude ethanoic extract of the roots of Berberis lyceum. Disc diffusion and Well methods were used for antibacterial activities where as acetic acid induced Writhing and Formalin tests were used to determine analgesic activities. Berberis lycium crude extracts showed significant antibacterial activity on Gram +ive anaerobe Clostridium perfringens and Gram -ive Escherichia coli. However, it did not show analgesic activity in albino mice at both 250 and 500 mg/kg oral doses. It is therefore concluded that B. Lycium has a very positive effect on both Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli. Keywords: Analgesics, antibacterial, Berberis Lycium, Ziarat, Balochistan
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Mohammed Ali Hasan, Dahlia, Butheina A. Hasoon, Afnan I. Abdulwahab, and Kareem H. Jawad. "Biological activities of Ethanolic Extract Produced by Cucurbita pepo plant." Bionatura 7, no. 2 (2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2022.07.02.19.

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Antibacterial and antioxidant effects of alcoholic extract for the Cucurbita pepo plant were studied. Properties optical (UV-visible spectrophotometer ) and morphological surface(scanning electron microscopy ) detection of the alcoholic extract was done, and the antibacterial activity was investigated against pathogenic microbes (E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus). Results showed the highest effect for crud extract in the growth of E.coli by the zone of inhibition diameter reached (16.33±0.58 ), followed by Staph. Aureus by the diameter of the inhibition zone reached (12.33±2.30mm). The results indicate that the plant C. pepo can be considered a valuable source of effective antioxidant agents at a 0.8 µg/ml concentration. Keywords. Cucurbita pepo plant: Alcoholic extract: Antioxidant: Antibacterial Activity
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Singh, Nisha Kumari, and Swastika Ganguly. "Synthesis and investigation of biological activities of some newaryl-2-((5-phenyl-1.3.4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio)ethan-1-ones." INDIAN JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 34, no. 03 (2024): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.59467/ijhc.2024.34.299.

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We have synthesized a series of aryl-2-((5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)thio)ethan-1-one derivatives (3a-j) by nucleophilic substitution of appropriately substituted phenacyl bromides 2(a-j) with 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol (1) in dichloromethane and assessed their antimycobacterial, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. Compound 3g showed significantly greater antimycobacterial, antibacterial, and antifungal efficacy than the standard drug. Subsequently, a detailed analysis of the binding mode of the most potent compounds was conducted within the active binding site, utilizing the co-crystallized structures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Protein Data Bank [PDB] ID 2x22) and glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (PDB ID 2VF5).. KEYWORDS :1,3,4-Oxadiazoles derivatives, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antimycobacterial, Molecular docking.
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46

Anil, D., G. Yashwant Sai, B. Iswarya Lakshmi, and Dr Krishnarao. "An efficient one-pot synthesis, bioassay of 7, 7-Dimethyl-4-phenyl-2-thioxo-2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8- hexahydro-1H-quinazolin-5-ones Promoted PPh3 as a catalyst." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 04 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem43707.

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A straight forward one pot three component synthesis of seven novel derivatives 7, 7-dimethyl-4-phenyl-2-thioxo-2,3,4, 6, 7, 8-hexahydro-1H-quinazolin-5-one by a cyclocondensation of dimedone and substitutes aromatic aldehyde with thiourea in the presence of PPh3 as a catalyst with to good yields. All structures of products were confirmed by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of some synthesized compounds was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Esherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Some of these compounds exhibited a good to significant antibacterial activity. . KEYWORDS: Dimedone, substitutedarylaldehydes,7,7-Dimethyl-4-phenyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-quinazolin-5-ones , PPh3, antibacterial activity
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47

Sonitia, Isnanda, Ngurah Ayu Ketut Umiati, and Agus Subagio. "Fabrication of CuONPs using Tridax Procumbens Leaf Extract as Material Antibacterial with Green Synthesis Method." International Journal of Research and Review 10, no. 5 (2023): 560–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20230566.

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This experiment used the green synthesis method with Tridax procumbens as a capping and stabilizing agent to synthesize CuONPs. The application of Tridax procumbens-based on CuONPs as the antibacterial Escherichia Coli (E. Coli). The CuONPs synthesized were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The inhibition zones against Escherichia coli were found to be 9.10 and 10.15 mm with a concentration of 75mg/ml with extract Tridax procumbens with green synthesis method. Keywords: antibacterial, CuONPs, green synthesis, Tridax procumbens
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48

Mittapally, Sirisha, Ruheena Taranum, and Sumaiya Parveen. "Metal ions as antibacterial agents." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6-s (2018): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6-s.2063.

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Metals like mercury, arsenic, copper and silver have been used in various forms as antimicrobials for thousands of years. The use of metals in treatment was mentioned in Ebers Papyrus (1500BC); i.e, copper to decrease inflammation &amp; iron to overcome anemia. Copper has been registered at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as the earliest solid antimicrobial material. Copper is used for the treatment of different E. coli, MRSA, Pseudomonas infections. Advantage of use of silver is it has low toxicity to human’s cells than bacteria.It is less susceptible to gram +ve bacteria than gram –bacteria due to its thicker cell wall. Zinc is found to be active against Streptococcus pneumonia, Campylobacter jejuni. Silver &amp; zinc act against vibrio cholera &amp; enterotoxic E. coli. The use of metals as antibacterial got reduce with discovery of antibiotics in twentieth century, immediately after that antibiotic resistance was seen due to transfer of antibiotic resistance genes by plasmids also known as Resistance Transfer Factors or R-factors. Metal complexes are used to show synergistic activity against bacteria’s like copper &amp; chlorhexidine on dental plaque bacteria, silver nanoparticles &amp; cephalexin against E. coli &amp; S. aureus.&#x0D; Keywords: Metals, Oligodynamic effect, Copper, Silver
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49

Ahmad Sowhini, N. S. H., M. S. Abdullah Sani, Y. Z. Has-Yun Hashim, R. Othman, M. H. Mahamad Maifiah, and M. N. Mohd Desa. "Antibacterial test and toxicity of plant seed extracts: a review." Food Research 4, S1 (2020): 12–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(s1).s36.

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Allah has instructed all humankind to eat permissible healthy food according to His guidance as narrated in Al-Quran. Following Maqasid as-Shari’ah, it is a Darruriyyah to ensure the safety of food as an act of protecting life. Therefore, the application of antibacterial agent on food aims to improve the consumers’ health and control the herd immunity. Plant seed is a newly emerged alternative as a source of antibacterial agents. Commonly discarded, the utilisation of plant seed will not only reduce environmental waste issue but also benefited economically to many industries. This article was aimed to review the current literature on antibacterial test and toxicity of various plant seed extracts that potentially contributed to the efficacy of the seed. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the antibacterial activity assay of the plants' seeds. It covers endpoint and descriptive methods, plant seed toxicity and application of the seed extract in food industries. This review was conducted using the various science-based platform such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Emerald etc. The keywords ‘antibacterial’, ‘antibacterial seed’, ‘seed extract’ and ‘toxicity seed’ was used in this search.
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Sari, Rose Intan Perma, Anggi Apria Faradisya Rahmah, Oky Hermansyah, Suci Rahmawati, and Sipriyadi. "FORMULATION AND TESTING OF SOLID SOAP CONTAINING 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF PURSLANE (Portulaca oleracea L.) COMBINED WITH VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus." Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian 9, no. 4 (2024): 927–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37874/ms.v9i4.1643.

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Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium commonly associated with various infections. An initial step in preventing and addressing infections is the use of antibacterial soaps. The purslane extract can serve as an antibacterial agent that inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, while VCO offers additional protection through its antimicrobial properties and ability to maintain skin moisture. This study aimed to formulate a solid soap using 96% ethanol extract of purslane combined with VCO. Purslane powder was extracted using a maceration method. The physical properties of the soap were evaluated, including organoleptic evaluation, PH, homogeneity, foaming capacity, foam stability, and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Based on the results of the physical property evaluations, the solid soap met the required standards. The antibacterial effectiveness test showed inhibition zones for F1 at 3.21 ± 0,023 (weak category), F2 at 4,26 ± 0,102 (weak category), and F3 at 5,2 ± 0,070 (weak category). The results indicate that the purslane extract, in combination with varying amounts of VCO, can be formulated into solid soap that meets the physical property evaluation criteria and possesses antibacterial activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Keywords: Solid Soap; Antibacterial; Purslane Plant; VCO; Staphylococcus aureus
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