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Journal articles on the topic 'Keywords:sub-lethal concentration'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Farooq, Farah. "Lethal and sub-lethal toxicity of Verticillium lecanii on the biology of Mealybug (Pseudococcidae; Homoptera) under laboratory conditions." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (2021): 1936–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38123.

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Abstract: The Mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a polyphagous pest of Citrus, grapevine, coffee and ornamental plants. The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Verticillium lecanii and Isaria fumosorosea are very effective and commonly used as a biopesticide against various insect pests of different crops. The present study was conducted to check the lethal and sub-lethal effects of V. lecanii on mortality and life period of adult mealybug. Firstly LC50 value for nymph and adult was calculated by applying four different concentrat

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Obaroh, I. O., D. D. Attah, and M. H. Zuru. "Sub-Lethal Toxicity of Dichlorvos on Gills and Liver of Juvenile Heterobranchus longifilis." Journal of Aquatic Sciences 35, no. 2 (2021): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jas.v35i2.17.

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The study assessed the histological changes in the structure of gills and liver of juvenile Heterobranchus longifilis after exposure to varying sub-lethal concentrations of Dichlorvos. The fish, 120specimenswith mean weight of 47.33±2.31g and total length 10.67±0.58cm were selected and used for the experiment. Test fish were treated with concentrations of 0.00, 0.01, 0.015 and 0.02mg/l of Dichlorvos representing treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The study was carried out in a static renewal bioassay system. Fish samples were stocked in plastic bowls of 75litre capacity and the exposur

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3

Prabhakar, Anil Kumar. "Studies on impairment induced by Metacid on histopathological changes in small intestine of fingerlings of Channa punctatus (bloch)." PROCEEDINGS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA 24, no. 01 (2025): 53. https://doi.org/10.59467/pzsi.2025.24.53.

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The present work is an endeavour to study histopathological and histochemical changes in the small intestine of fingerlings (3 groups) of a fresh water air breathing snake headed murrel fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch) exposed to sub-lethal concentration (8.4ppm) of Metacid 50 (an organophosphate) for 96 hrs. Histopathological changes caused in the small intestine after Metacid intoxication included shortening of villi in the mucosal layer, some of these villi fused together; muscular lining was ruptured at some places, submucosa layer was thickened, blood catillaris were dilated and some of the

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4

Sumoharjo, Sumoharjo, and Sulistyawati Sulistyawati. "EFEK SUB LETHAL AMONIA AMBIEN TERHADAP HISTOPATOLOGIS IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) YANG DIPELIHARA DALAM SISTEM BIOFLOK." Jurnal Akuakultur Rawa Indonesia 8, no. 1 (2020): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.36706/jari.v8i1.11243.

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The purpose of this research were to measure the increasing of unionized ammonia during start-up period of biofloc system for growing Nile Tilapia and to figure out its effect on histopathological changes. There was only one treatment that designed with three replication, which was 40 liters of water that contained eight fishes of each weighed 22.. The biofloc system was treated with C/N ration 12:1. Total Ammonia Nitrogen, pH and temperature were measured daily as long as 14 days. the tissue of gill, liver and kidney were cut off at the end of the experiment for histopathological examination.

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Alsendi, Ayad, Ali Abdulhusien Kareem, ,. Mohammad reza Havasi, and Gholamreza Golmohammadi. "A Study on the Toxicity and Sublethal Concentrations of Three Insecticides on the Population Dynamics of Green Lacewing Chrysoperla carnea Stephens." Arab Journal for Plant Protection 41, no. 1 (2023): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22268/ajpp-41.1.028036.

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Alsendi, A., A.A. Kareem, M. Havasi and Gh. Golmohammadi. 2023. A Study on the Toxicity and Sublethal Concentrations of Three Insecticides on the Population Dynamics of Green Lacewing Chrysoperla carnea Stephens. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 41(1): 28-36. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-41.1.028036 The study was carried out to evaluate toxicity and sublethal effects of lufenuron, novaluron, and lambda-cyhalothrin on natural enemies such as Chrysoperla carnea. All sub-lethal concentrations caused a significant decrease in oviposition period, total fecundity, longevity, and total life span of

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Sinha, Sangeeta, Apeksha Ghonekar, and Sangita R. Kudale. "OXIDATIVE EFFECTS OF MAHANARAYAN TAILA ON AMERICAN COCKROACH, PERIPLANETA AMERICANA L. (BLATTIDAE: BLATTODEA)." ANNALS OF ENTOMOLOGY 42, no. 01 (2024): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.59467/ae.2024.42.19.

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The American cockroach (Periplaneta americana), a prevalent household pest originating from tropical regions like India, poses a significant public health risk as a carrier of human pathogens. The present study investigated the effectiveness of ?Mahanarayan Taila (MT),? an herbal oil, as an alternative solution. The repellent activity of the oil and its impact on biomolecules such as lipids and proteins in cockroaches was determined. Cockroaches were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of MT over 24, 48, 72, and 96 h to assess repellency. The oil at 1% concentration resulted in a 50% mortalit

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7

Karunakar, Baghel, Behera Rajesh, and Kumar Behera Milan. "Alteration in some haematobiochemicl parameters of Oreochromis mossambicus under the stress of acute copper toxicity." Biolife 2, no. 4 (2022): 1387–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7248197.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Alterations in some haemato – biochemical parameters of <em>Oreochromis mossambicus </em>(Peters) was studied under the stress of different concentrations of Copper (5, 10, 15 and 20ppm) for 30 days. Copper as Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sup>2</sup> was used to prepare the stock solution. The RBC, haemoglobin percentage, PCV, MCH, MCV  and MCHC significantly decreased with an increase in the concentration of copper, except that the RBC, haemoglobin and PCV exhibited an increase in 5ppm and MCHC showed an increase in 5 and 10ppm copper concentration. Whereas the WBC

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8

Samuel, PO, FO Arimoro, AV Ayanwale, and HL Mohammad. "Assessment of the Ameliorative Roles of Vitamins A, C and E on Morphometric Paramters of Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Fingerlings Exposed to Cadium Choride." Journal of Agriculture and Aquaculture 3, no. 1 (2021): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4575180.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> Environmental pollution in the form of Cd is a major environmental problem arising mostly from anthropogenic activities all over the world causing both health and economic loses either in the short- or long-run. The roles of vitamins in mitigating the effects of Cd toxicant in term of morphological differentiation were investigated. <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> fingerlings (whose initial weight ranged from 3-11g, standard length ranged from 7.9-9.4cm and total length ranged from 8.9-10.9cm) were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Cd(00, 12mg/L, 16mg/L, 20mg/L and

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9

Kumar, Pradeep. "Potentilla fulgens: organic column purified extract and its effect on enzyme inhibition in the vector snail Lymnaea acuminata." PROCEEDINGS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA 23, no. 01 (2024): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.59467/pzsi.2024.23.97.

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Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica are parasitic trematode that causes fascioliasis in cattle and humans. The vector snail Lymnaea acuminata is an intermediate host of the Fasciola species. The major preventive step against fascioliasis is the control of the host snail L. acuminata. Effect of sub-lethal concentration of (20% and 60% of 96h LC50) column purified extract of Potentilla fulgens on acid phosphatase (ACPase), alkaline phosphatase (ALPase), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition in nervous tissue of host L. acuminata were studied. Alteration in the enzymes of ACPase, ALPase, and

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10

Kumari, Mridula. "Changes in haematological make up after Furadan ( a carbamate pesticide) in an air breathing fish, Mystus vittatus (Bloch)." PROCEEDINGS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA 24, no. 01 (2025): 81. https://doi.org/10.59467/pzsi.2025.24.81.

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Studies on toxic effect of Furadan (a carbamate pesticide) on haematological make up in a air breathing teleost, Mystus vittatus (Bloch) have been made. The LC50 values of Furadan were calculated to be 1.12, 1.11, 0.99. 0.93 and 0.91 mg/l respectively for 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h and 120h exposure at 29.0±1.0 degree C. The RBC counts, Hb content, PCV (or haematocrit values), M.C.H.C. and oxygen capacity of control group of fishes (45.0±1.5g) were 2.86±0.11 per cubic mm of blood observed, 15.2±0.18%, 23.8±1.18%, 63.8% and 19.0 vol% respectively. Furadan intoxication (at sub lethal concentration of 0.

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Fatria Fadillah Nur, Wibowo, and Priyantini Widiyaningrum. "Repellent and Metamorphosis Capability of Alphitobius diaperinus Exposed to Gamal Leaf Extracts." Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 30, no. 3 (2025): 517–24. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.30.3.517.

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Alphitobius diaperinus is an insect pest that is difficult to control in conventional chicken farms. In high populations, this insect can damage the infrastructure of the coop, disrupt chicken feeding activities, and is a known vector of pathogens. Currently, the control of A. diaperinus still relies on synthetic insecticides that have been proven to be resistant to target pests, toxic to non-target organisms, and pollute the environment. This study aimed to analyze the potential of gamal (Gliricidia sepium) leaf extract as a bioinsecticide in terms of repellency response and its effect on the

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12

Nesreen, A. Shawush, A. Zari Talal, and A. Alzahrani Dhafer. "Assessment of Acute Toxicity of Euphorbia taifensis Methanolic-aqueous Extract in Rats." International Journal of Life Sciences Research 12, no. 1 (2024): 11–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10670096.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> The acute toxicity profile of <em>Euphorbia taifensis</em> Methanolic-aqueous Extract in rats was investigated in this study. The objectives were to determine its oral median lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>), assess its effects on body weight changes, and evaluate its impact on hematological parameters. The LD<sub>50</sub> was determined through oral administration of the extract at a concentration of 2000 mg/kg. No mortality occurred, and no signs of acute toxicity were observed throughout the experimental period. Body weight changes were monitored for 14 days, and no

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13

A.Hussein, Milad, Estabraq N, Abdul Lateef, et al. "Studying the toxicity of polluted water with polyaromatic hydrocarbon compound (Anthracene) by using micronucleus assay in fish." Bionatura 8, no. 1 (2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.01.51.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons mainly originate from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels such as petroleum, natural gas and coal. Also, biomass burning has attracted much attention due to its mutagenic, allergenic and carcinogenic properties. Anthracene, a three-ringed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is widely known as a common hazardous ubiquitous environmental pollutant. Anthracene is used to make dyes, plastics and pesticides. The present study aims to evaluate the risks of Anthracene to fish using a micronucleus (MN) assay; the test has been used successfully as a mutagenic assay.

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14

Nwamba, Helen Ogochukwu, Obiageli Annastesia Ogbonna, and John Uchenna Anukwu. "IMPACT OF LAMDA LAMDA-CYHALOTHRIN ON THE ANTIOXIDANT PARAMETERS OF Clarias gariepinus." International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences 10, no. 3 (2023): 15–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7962279.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> Widespread applications of pesticides such as Lambda cyhalothrin to boost crops production have frequently led to contamination of the fresh water ecosystem in Nigeria. In this study, <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Lambda-cyhalothrin pesticide.  The 96 h LC<sub>50</sub> of lambda cyhalothrin to the fish was estimated at 3.98mgl<sup>-1</sup>. Mortality of 100% and 10% were observed in fish exposed to 12.00 mg l<sup>-1</sup> and 1.25 mg l<sup>-1</sup> of Lambda cyhalothrin respectively as compared to no mortality recorded

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15

Sunil, Kumar Guru, Behera Rajesh, and Kumar Behera Milan. "Fluoride induced alterations in erythrocyte and related parameters of an Air-breathing fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch)." Biolife 2, no. 4 (2022): 1371–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7248374.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> The effect of various concentrations of fluoride (NaF) (10, 20, 30 and 40ppm) after 15 days of exposure on some haematobiochemical parameters of Channa punctatus (Bloch) has been studied. Changes in the shape and size, cell membrane and nucleus of the R.B.C. were observed. Clumping of the R.B.C. cells was noted. Clumping becomes prominent in higher concentrations. The TEC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH and MCHC progressively decreased with an increase in the concentration of fluoride. The length/ breadth ratio of erythrocyte and erythrocyte nucleus do not depart significantly fro

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16

Amiri, Dashatan Nasrin, Marzieh Ashrafmansouri, Mehdi Koushki, and Nayebali Ahmadi. "Effect of Resveratrol and Its Derivatives on Leishmania Viability: A Meta-Analysis." Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research 31, no. 144 (2022): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.30699/jambs.31.144.1.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong>   <strong>Background and Objective: </strong>Leishmaniasis is among the seven more significant tropical diseases, and it is a major global health issue with a wide range of clinical symptoms and potentially lethal consequences. Resveratrol and its derivatives have been shown to have anti-Leishmanial properties. This study aimed to use a meta-analysis of relevant papers to determine the leishmanicidal impact of resveratrol and its derivatives. <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search method was used to query the electronic dat

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17

Rabiu, S., A. Bello, A. Dandare, and M. E. Sadiq. "Ameliorative Effect of Aqueous Seed Extract of Citrullus Lanatus (Water Melon) on Liver Function Parameters and Markers of Oxidative Stress in Lead Treated Rats." Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 27, no. 1 (2020): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njbas.v27i1.10.

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Extensive and unmonitored use of lead in developing and industrialized countries is posing a serious threat to human health. Prolonged exposure of a sub-lethal dose of this toxicant is closely related to its accumulation in various soft tissues and its interference with bio elements that hamper several physiological processes. The study was designed to investigate the potential effect of aqueous seed extract of Citrullus lanatus on liver function parameters and oxidative stress markers. Forty healthy albino rats of both sexes were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1: Normal, Group 2 Lea

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D, S. Somashekar, H. Majagi Shashikanth, and G. Dhananjaya S. "Harpic Induced Biochemical and Histological Changes in Fresh Water Fish Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio L.)." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 14, no. 22 (2021): 1806–12. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v14i22.239.

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Abstract <strong>Objectives</strong>: To investigate the xenobiotic action of toilet cleaner ‘Harpic’ on gills and muscles of fresh water teleost common carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio L</em>.). <strong>Methods:</strong> The test organism, fingerlings of Common carp (weight: 4.5±1.3g), (length: 5.3±1.5cm) were collected form Bhadra Reservoir Project, India. Static bioassay tests were conducted in order to evaluate the acute toxicity of Harpic. In all treatments, ten fully acclimatized test organisms were held and the same was observed for experiment and placed in

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Abdulkareem, S. I., and O. D. Owolabi. "Recovery rate, haematological parameters and growth responses of Heterobranchus longifilis exposed to zinc oxide nanoparticles." Journal of Aquatic Sciences 36, no. 2 (2022): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jas.v36i2.17.

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The present study investigated the toxicity effects of zinc oxide nano-particles (ZnO-NPs) on haematological parameters and growth responses of Heterobranchus longifilis. Catfish juveniles were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (0.00, 6.00, 8.00, 10.00 and 12.00 mg/l) of zinc oxide nano-particles in static renewal bioassays for 60 days. The ZnO-NPs-exposed fish were then subjected to depuration phase for 30 days to monitor the recovery ability of the fish. After each experimental stage, fish were sacrificed and blood was collected for haematological variables such as: erythrocytes {Red bloo

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Shohih, Esa Nur, Dendi Sri Sulistyantoro, and Vira Mawardha Putri. "Glucose Syrup from Purple Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L. Poir) using Acid Hydrolysis Method." Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering 8, no. 1 (2024): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/equilibrium.v8i1.87411.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The making of glucose syrup from purple sweet potatoes is motivated by the high demand for alternative sugar in Indonesia. Through the processes that have been carried out and the results of previous studies, the potential of purple sweet potatoes to be processed into glucose syrup has been produced. This experiment was conducted to determine whether purple sweet potatoes can be processed into glucose syrup and to determine the suitability of the product to the standard. To convert purple sweet potatoes into glucose syrup, it is necessary to firs

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Himansu, Bhusan Mahananda. "Alterations in some haemato-bio-chemical parameters of a fresh water, air breathing fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch) under the stress of chronic, sub-lethal dose of nickel." Biolife 2, no. 4 (2022): 1392–97. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7238181.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Alterations in some haemato-bio-chemical parameters of a freshwater, air birthing fish, Chnna punctatus under the stress of chronic, sub-lethal dose (10ppm) of nickel for 60 days were studied. The TEC, haemoglobin% and PCV progressively and significantly decreased, whereas the TLC exhibited a steady and significant increase with an increase in the duration of exposure time. The plasma protein, cholesterol, lipid, glucose and iron decreased steadily and significantly with an increase in the duration of exposure time. But the plasma triglyceride significantly increased

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Saleem, Nida, Saim Haroon, Uzma Yasmeen, Sikander Hayat, and Quratulane Gillani. "Effect of Sub Lethal Doses of Nickel Chloride on CBC and Histology of Cirrhinus Mrigala." Pakistan Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology 3, no. 1 (2021): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/pjbb.v3i1.73.

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This present study aims to investigate the histological and CBC parameters on Cirrhinus marigala after the exposure of Nickel Chloride. The first group of fish was taken as control group and placed in normal water without given any treatment. The second and third groups of fish were administered to two concentrations of sub-lethal doses of 96 hrs (LC50, 3.75ppm) of nickel chloride for 30 days. Results of this study showed that the number of white blood cells, platelets and haemoglobin level were significantly increased where simultaneously the number of red blood cells was significantly decrea

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Suryono, Chrisna Adhi. "Uji Lethal Concentration (LC) Senyawa Cyanida pada Karang Tingkat Laboratatorium dalam Kaitannya sebagai Bahan Penangkap Ikan Hias." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 18, no. 3 (2016): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v18i3.529.

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Salah satu cara menagkap ikan hias yang efektip adalah dengan cara membius dengan menggunakan cyanida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui letathal concetration senyawa cyanida terhadap karang Porites lutea dan Galaxea fascicularis. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah split plot RAK dengan ulangan 3 kali. Jenis karang merupakan kelompok utama dan konsentrasi cyanida merupakan sub-kelompok. Pengamatan yang diamati adalah jumlah zooxanthellae dan prosentase kematian karang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan semakin tinggi konsentrasi cyanida menunjukan semakin tinggi prosentase k

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Enyi, I. O., B. B. Babatunde, and A. I. Hart. "Heavy Metal Uptake and Bioaccumulation by Mangrove Grab (Goniopsis pelli) from used Drilling Mud, Niger Delta, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 3 (2020): 477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i3.13.

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This study was carried out to evaluate some heavy metal uptake and bioaccumulation in the meat, egg and shell of G. pelli from used drilling mud. The experimental approach involved the exposure of ten of the test organism G. pelli to six acute concentrations of drilling mud representing 0% (control), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% for 96 hours in three replicates after the range finding test was conducted to determine the LC50. From the LC50, the test organism was further exposed to four sub-lethal concentrations of drilling mud (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) for 21 days to evaluate the heavy metal uptake

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Wankhedkar, P.T, and S.S Bhavsar. "Effect of Cartap hydrochloride and Imidacloprid on biochemical parameters of Cerastus moussonianus." Biolife 3, no. 1 (2022): 125–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7252042.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Land snails are major pests of various crops in India and their control primarily depends on the use of molluscicides to limit the effect of these pests below damaging level. Synthetic molluscicides are considered to be the most effective for the control of terrestrial gastropods. The present study deals with the biochemical effect of two pesticides namely, Cartap hydrochloride and Imidacloprid on Albumin (ALB), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Glucose (GLU), Total Proteins (TP) and Uric acid (UA) to know their toxicity in land snail <em>C. moussonianus</em>. LC10 was take

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*, Dr. J.Raghuram Dr.Anupama koneru Ayesha sultana Dr. Ghousia begum. "TOXICITY OF MIXTURE INSECTICIDE CHANDIKA 505 (CHLORPYRIFOS 50% CYPERMETHRIN 5% EC) ON BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF ZEBRA FISH, DANIO RERIO." January 9, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603160.

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<em>The study was aimed to investigate the sub lethal effect of insecticide, Chandika 505 mixture of chlorpyrifos 50% and cypermethrin 5% EC to zebra fish (Danio rerio). The acute toxicity LC<sub>50</sub> of insecticide was determined at 96 hrs and the value is 22.7 ppb and sub lethal concentration is 7.56 µg. Behavioral changes were also observed when fish were subjected to different concentrations of the insecticide. The results of the present study indicate increase in the total lipids, free fatty acids and cholesterol in gills, viscera and body of zebra fish. Hence it can be conclude

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Alsendi, A., S. Al-Zurfi, S. K. H. Bandyan, A. A. Mohammed, A. A. Kareem, and M. Shahid. "Demographic Parameters of Chrysoperla carnea on the Sublethal Concentration of Endosulfan: Two-Sex Life Table." Arab Journal for Plant Protection 43, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.22268/ajpp-001312.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the sublethal effects (LC30) of endosulfan on Chrysoperla carnea adults as an efficient natural enemy against the flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zell (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) under laboratory conditions: (25±2°C temperature, relative humidity of 60±5% relative humidity, and 16:8 hours (light: dark) photoperiod), in a growth chamber. The results obtained showed a significant decrease in the LC30 concentration of Endosulfan during the biological life span of both sexes (male and female) of C. carnea compared to the control. The highest fecundity rate obtai

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Negm, A. A. K. H., B. A. A. Ali, H. M. G. Elsharkawi, and A. Afify. "Using Wood Vinegar as a Natural Pesticide for Reducing Greenhouse Gases to Mitigate Climatic Change Effect Compared with That of Indoxacarb Against the Peach Fruit Fly, Bactrocera zonata." Arab Journal for Plant Protection 43, no. 3 (2025). https://doi.org/10.22268/ajpp-001334.

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The current study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of wood vinegar, a natural pesticide made from rice husk, and indoxacarb against the peach fruit fly’s third larval instars, one-day-old and seven-day-old pupae. The tested compounds showed toxicity against different developmental stages of the peach fruit fly. Adult flies that emerged from (i) pre-pupae in sand treated with sub-lethal concentrations (LC50=0.36 ppm, 0.87 % ppm of indoxacarb, and wood vinegar, respectively), (ii) from treating 1-day-old pupae in sand with sub-lethal concentrations (LC50 0.44 ppm, 0.98 % of indoxacarb and wood vin

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Nalle, Mikson M. D., and Ricky Gimin. "Pengaruh konsentrasi sublethal endosulfan dan glifosat terhadap konsumsi oksigen kerang darah (anadara granosa)." DEPIK 4, no. 3 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/depik.4.3.3053.

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<p><strong><em>Abstract.</em></strong><em> The aims of the study were: (1) to test oxygen consumption of Anadara granosa under sub-lethal concentrations of endosulfan, (2) oxygen consumption under sub-lethal concentrations of glifosat and (3) oxygen consumption under mixture of endosulfan and glifosat. </em><em>Complete randomlizeddesign were applied on this experiment.</em><em> Initially, the oxygen consumption was standardised against animal’s dry flesh weight. Results showed that dry flesh weight afffected significantly the oxygen

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