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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Khams Tibetan language

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Academic literature on the topic 'Khams Tibetan language'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 23 February 2023

Last updated: 2 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Khams Tibetan language"

1

Suzuki, Hiroyuki, and Sonam Wangmo. "Discovering endangered Tibetic varieties in the easternmost Tibetosphere." Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 38, no. 2 (2015): 256–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ltba.38.2.07suz.

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Dartsendo (Dar-rtse-mdo in Written Tibetan), generally known as Kangding, is a town in the easternmost Tibetosphere, located in Ganzi (dKar-mdzes) Prefecture, Sichuan, China. This town has played an important role for the tea-horse trade since the Ming Dynasty, and is inhabited by both Tibetan and Han Chinese. Under these circumstances, extensive language contact has existed for a long time. Dartsendo Tibetan is the Minyag Rabgang vernacular of Khams Tibetan, and it was once considered as a lingua franca-like variety in the Minyag Rabgang area. However, Dartsendo Tibetan is currently facing extinction. This paper will discuss: (1) the historical background and language situation in Dartsendo, (2) the current language situation of Tibetic languages spoken in the centre of the Town, and 3) the process of endangerment of the local variety. Based on these descriptions, this paper will also propose a method for identifying endangered varieties in the Tibetic languages.

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2

Suzuki, Hiroyuki, and Lozong Lhamo. "/ka-/ negative prefix of Choswateng Tibetan of Khams (Shangri-La, Yunnan)." Language and Linguistics / 語言暨語言學 22, no. 4 (2021): 593–629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lali.00092.suz.

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Abstract Choswateng Tibetan, spoken in the south-eastern corner of the Khams region, has three negative prefixes: /ȵi-/, /ma-/, and /ka-/. The first two are derived from two morphemes which are ubiquitous across Tibetic languages, whereas the third is a newly generated negative prefix found in Choswateng Tibetan as well as its surrounding dialects belonging to the rGyalthang subgroup of Khams and its neighbours. This article describes the morphological feature and use of the prefix /ka-/ in Choswateng Tibetan. Morphologically, the prefix /ka-/ can co-occur with most verbs except for the copulative verb /ˊreʔ/. Pragmatically, the prefix /ka-/ occurs and is restricted in the following ways: (1) expresses ‘definitely not’ for statements regarding the self, and ‘possibly not, judging from the speaker’s knowledge’ for statements regarding others; (2) co-occurs with egophoric and sensory evidentials; (3) is not used for a negation of accomplished aspect; and (4) does not deprive the function of the other two negative prefixes. These two analyzes are mutually related; it is suggested that the reason why /ka-/ cannot co-occur with the copulative verb /ˊreʔ/ is triggered by a contradiction of implied evidentials: /ka-/ is related to egophoric and sensory, whereas /ˊreʔ/ is statemental. Following the description of its use, we discuss the origin of /ka-/, claiming a possible grammaticalization from an interrogative word gar (‘where’ in Literary Tibetan and common throughout the rGyalthang area) in a rhetorical question to a prefix. Referring to several morphological features of /ka-/, we consider its grammaticalization as ongoing, but most advanced in Choswateng Tibetan.

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3

Zhou, Yang, and Hiroyuki Suzuki. "Evidentiality in Selibu." Diachronica 39, no. 2 (2021): 268–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.19055.zho.

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Abstract Selibu is a Mandarin-Khams Tibetan mixed language with about 900 native speakers in northwest Yunnan, People’s Republic of China. As a Form-Semantics mixed language, it derives most of its lexicon and grammatical morphemes from Southwest Mandarin and borrows its morphosyntactic and semantic structure from Alangu Tibetan. This article examines the contact-induced emergence of a five-category complex evidential system in Selibu with a detailed comparison with its source system in the model language, Alangu Tibetan. Our discussion focuses on the hybrid features of Selibu evidentiality in both forms and functions and also on its structural formation, which does not represent a Form-Semantics mixed type in this particular domain.

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4

Zheng, Shaoxiong. "The history and future of Kham: Perspectives based on a historical anthropological reading of Alai's four novels." Chinese Journal of Sociology 5, no. 3 (2019): 407–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057150x19853191.

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Up to the present, the distinguished Tibetan writer, Alai, has published four full-length novels – King Gesar, Nyarong (Zhandui), Red Poppies, and the Hollow Mountain series – which have, to a great extent, shaped outsiders’ impressions of Kham, or Eastern Tibet, one of the three traditional divisions of ‘cultural Tibet’ or ‘ethnographical Tibet’. Based on a historical anthropological perspective, this article examines the spatial and temporal dimensions of Kham history reflected in these four novels. On the one hand, it shows how the native Khampa's senses of space, referring to surrounding political entities, changed first from an ancient model of ‘four regimes in four directions’, then to a dual model of the central Han and local Tibetan polities on opposing sides during late Imperial China and the Republican Period, and finally to the unitary model of a single central government in the contemporary period. In addition, this article shows how Khampa have experienced changing senses of time, from circulatory Tibetan Buddhist time to the dynastic time of Chinese Empires to modern linear time. Beyond revealing the transformations in the spatial and temporal senses of the Khampa people, Alai also implicitly describes the alternative models in Sino-Tibetan relations as both historical reality and ideality: Spatially, in the process of forced integration, Han Chinese and Tibetan people have simultaneously experienced ethnic distinction, which has been recognized by elite Khampa agents; Temporally, free borderland markets, acting in the role of historical transcendence, have been protective and under control, especially for the sake of the Tibetan side. The above narratives are both empirical facts and Alai's expectations and construction. On the one hand, as an ethnic-minority writer and native speaker (Tibetan dialect rGyalrong), Alai loves his fellow Tibetans and tends to understand their conditions from the bottom up; on the other hand, raised in a peripheral Tibetan village near a Han area, educated in modern Mandarin schools and a Mandarin college, and unable to practice writing in his mother language, Alai has a conception of history that has been generated from the top down. It is easy to understand how, faced with issues of frontiers and ethnic minorities, native elites like Alai are quite likely to develop a historical construction of literary complexity. This complexity further diversifies outsiders' impressions of Tibet.

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5

Chirkova, Katia, Patricia Basset, and Angélique Amelot. "Voiceless nasal sounds in three Tibeto-Burman languages." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 49, no. 1 (2018): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100317000615.

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This paper focuses on two types of voiceless nasal sounds in Xumi, a Tibeto-Burman language: (i) the voiceless aspirated nasals // [] and // [], and (ii) the voiceless nasal glottal fricative []. We provide a synchronic description of these two types of sounds, and explore their similarities and differences. Xumi voiceless nasal consonants are described with reference to the voiceless nasal consonants // and // in Burmese and Kham Tibetan because Burmese voiceless nasals are the best described type of voiceless nasals, and are therefore used as a reference point for comparison; voiceless nasals in Kham Tibetan, which is in close contact with Xumi, represent a characteristic regional feature. The synchronic description is based on acoustic and aerodynamic measurements (the total duration of the target phonemes, the duration of the voiced period during the target phonemes, mean nasal and oral flow). Our study (i) contributes to a better understanding of voiceless nasals as a type of sound, (ii) provides a first-ever instrumental description (acoustic and aerodynamic) of the voiceless nasal glottal fricative [], as attested in a number of Tibeto-Burman languages of Southwest China, and (iii) suggests a possible phonetic basis for the observed dialectal and diachronic variation between voiceless nasals and [] in some Tibeto-Burman languages.

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6

Delancey, Scott. "Still mirative after all these years." Linguistic Typology 16, no. 3 (2012): 529–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lity-2012-0020.

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Abstract This article re-presents the case, first presented in DeLancey (1997), for the mirative as a crosslinguistic category, and responds to critiques of that work by Gilbert Lazard and Nathan Hill. The nature of the mirative, a category which marks a statement as representing information which is new or unexpected, is exemplified with data from Kham (Tibeto-Burman) and Hare (Athabaskan). The mirative category is shown to be distinct from the well-known mediative or indirective evidential category. Finally, the role of mirativity in the complex verbal systems of Tibetan languages is briefly outlined.

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7

Mitruev, Bembya, and Daria Gedeeva. "Kalmyk-Tibetan Relations, 17th–18th Centuries: Seals on Kalmyk Official Documents as a Research Source." Бюллетень Калмыцкого научного центра Российской академии наук 4, no. 20 (2021): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2587-6503-2021-4-20-23-43.

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Introduction. The matrices of Kalmyk seals, which are drawings and texts engraved on hard material (as well as their imprints on paper, sealing wax or other harder substances), have never been object of a special study. Kalmyk sphragistics, an auxiliary scholarly discipline that studies Kalmyk seals, takes its first steps with this article. At the same time, this historical discipline draws its materials from monuments of 17th–18th century Kalmyk official writing and is closely connected with Kalmyk linguistic culture. Official texts certified by seals are valuable sources to explore origins and history of use of some addressee’s personal signs, most often in epistolary documents. The study is relevant enough due to the lack of works examining personal seals of Kalmyk Khans and noyons on their official letters. In particular, until now there have been no attempt to read texts on such seals, conduct semantic analyses of drawings, determine places of manufacture. Materials. The article explores 17th–18th century official Kalmyk-language letters and impressions of seals owned by Kalmyk Khan Ayuka and Noyon Yandyk. The former were discovered at the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (Moscow) and National Archive of Kalmykia (Elista). Goals. The study aims at determining origins of the seals, identifying semantics of included monograms, and reading their texts. Results. The analysis of letters by the Khan and noyon reveals that both the seals contain a monogram represented by syllables of the Kalachakra mantra. One of the texts is written in Lanza Sanskrit and be translated as ‘happiness, prosperity’. Conclusions. The examined Kalmyk seals are clearly of Tibetan origin for seals with Kalachakra monograms were as popular among Tibetan and Ladakhi rulers at that time. The Buddhist sign was to protect against unfavorable conditions and obstacles, and make everything good and auspicious. The use of Tibetan seals attests to that despite having left their ancestral lands of Central Asia for Europe the Kalmyk people never interrupted ties with their spiritual teachers in Tibet.

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8

Wilde, Christopher P. "On the origin of Gamale Kham labial-palatal approximants." Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 40, no. 1 (2017): 59–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ltba.40.1.03wil.

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Abstract The development of the Gamale Kham labial-palatal approximants /ɥ/ and /ɥ̊/ has previously been attributed to the loss of the Proto-Kham initial *p- or the coda *-p. The vowels /i/ and /e/ which occurred in the adjacent syllable nucleus were rounded, resulting in the front rounded vowels /y/ and /ø/. Following this development, /w/ and /j/ merged to /ɥ/ in Gamale and Eastern Parbate Kham (Watters 2002; 2004; 2005). This study evaluates this theory and suggests two alternative explanations: that Proto-Kham may have had either two front rounded vowels *y and *ø, or a *ɥ phoneme. In the second case, the work refers to a possible correspondence between a Proto-Kham *ɥ and the Proto-Tibeto-Burman complex *jw.

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9

Kang, Dongjing, and William K. Rawlins. "Exploring Languages Preservation in Kham Tibet, Learning From “Discourse in the Novel,” and Writing a Dialogical/Bakhtinian Ethnography." Qualitative Inquiry 23, no. 8 (2017): 618–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800416684873.

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This essay pursues three interrelated and reflexively challenging objectives. First, we celebrate Mikhail Bakhtin’s “Discourse in the Novel” as constituting a singular primer for writing and accomplishing dialogical ethnography. Second, we exemplify and dramatize its lessons by relating stories and practices of the first author’s 4-year ongoing field study and involvement with languages preservation, community enhancement, and social transformation in Kham Tibet. Finally, we accomplish these first two purposes in a self-consciously reflexive manner seeking to embody Bakhtin’s suggestions even as we describe them. We close with a tentative description of languages and voices we notice in writing this essay.

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10

Luo, Tianhua. "Abstracts of the Chinese papers in English." Chinese as a Second Language Research 4, no. 2 (2015): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/caslar-2015-0016.

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A typological study of the clause structure of ergative languagesAbstract: This paper presents a typological study of the clause structure of ergative languages by examining a sample of 78 languages. It focuses on three structures, namely (the alignment of case marking and verbal person marking of) the core argument structures, the antipassive constructions, and the ditransitive constructions.In this study, “ergativity” refers both “ergative” languages and the “active” languages. In particular, 75 languages in the sample are the “ergative” or “active” ones in Comrie (2013a, 2013b) and Siewierska (2013a), three languages not labeled as ergative or active in Dryer & Haspelmath (2013), namely Dyirbal, Kham, and Tibetan, are also included. The features of core argument structures, antipassive constructions, and ditransitive constructions are collected from Dryer & Haspelmath (2013) and various other literature.This study adopts a customary typological approach and proposes sixteen (groups of) universals or tendencies of morphological and/or syntactic features of ergative languages on the basis of frequency analysis, most of which in the form of implicational universals. To list but a few: (I) Most (if not all) ergative languages are split in alignment; (II) Ergativity is more commonly found in the case marking of full noun phrases than in pronouns (which prefer accusative alignment); (III) Ergative markers are more commonly found on the As, but accusative markers on the Ps; (IV) The alignment of case marking of the full noun phrases or pronouns cannot be predicated by verbal person marking, although most ergative languages prefer to have person marking of both A and P; (V) The languages with “mixed object construction” (Haspelmath 2013) are found in various alignment types, although there are close relationships between ditransitive constructions and ergative alignment; (VI) There is no close relationships between antipassive/passive constructions and ergativity; on the contrary, ergative languages show a considerably low ratio of both constructions.In the light of this study, this paper dispels the ergativity myth in Mandarin Chinese. It proposes that the so-called Chinese ergative constructions, e.g. ergative verbs, the ba construction, are invariably unaccusative in nature.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Khams Tibetan language"

1

Causemann, Margret. "Dialekt und Erzählungen der Nangchenpas /." Bonn : VGH Wissenschaftsverl, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35484220j.

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Kang, Dongjing. "Organizing for Languages Preservation, Community Enhancement, and Social Transformation in Kham Tibet: A Dialogical Ethnography." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1427315990.

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Books on the topic "Khams Tibetan language"

1

Skal-bzaṅ-ʼphrin-las, Bsod-pa та Bsod-nams-rgyal, ред. Bod Rgya Dbyin skad kyi sa khams rig paʼi tshig mdzod. Kan-suʼu mi rigs dpe skrun khaṅ, 1998.

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2

author, Ye-śes, ред. Khams skad zhib ʼjug dang sbyong deb. Kan-suʼu mi rigs dpe skrun khang, 2011.

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3

Las-ʼchar, Brda-chad Gtan-bebs, ред. Ain Bod śan sbyar gtan ʼbebs brda chad: ʼdzin skyoṅ, sman rtsis, dṅos khams, rdzas sbyor, rtsi śiṅ = Glossary of standardized terms : administration, medicine & astrology, physics, chemistry, botany. Brda-chad Gtan-bebs Las-ʼchar, Btsan-byol Bod-gźuṅ Ses-rig-lhas-khuṅs, 2008.

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Las-ʼchar, Brda-chad Gtan-bebs, ред. Iin Bod śan sbyar gtan ʼbebs brda chad: ʼdzin skyoṅ, sman rtsis, dṅos khams, rdzas sbyor, rtsi śiṅ = Glossary of standardized terms : administration, medicine & astrology, physics, chemistry, botany. Brda-chad Gtan-bebs Las-ʼchar, Btsan-byol Bod-gźuṅ Ses-rig-lhas-khuṅs, 2008.

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Las-ʼchar, Brda-chad Gtan-bebs, ред. Ain Bod śan sbyar gtan ʼbebs brda chad: ʼdzin skyoṅ, sman rtsis, dṅos khams, rdzas sbyor, rtsi śiṅ = Glossary of standardized terms : administration, medicine & astrology, physics, chemistry, botany. Brda-chad Gtan-bebs Las-ʼchar, Btsan-byol Bod-gźuṅ Ses-rig-lhas-khuṅs, 2008.

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Las-ʼchar, Brda-chad Gtan-bebs, ред. Ain Bod śan sbyar gtan ʼbebs brda chad: ʼdzin skyoṅ, sman rtsis, dṅos khams, rdzas sbyor, rtsi śiṅ = Glossary of standardized terms : administration, medicine & astrology, physics, chemistry, botany. Brda-chad Gtan-bebs Las-ʼchar, Btsan-byol Bod-gźuṅ Ses-rig-lhas-khuṅs, 2008.

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Las-ʼchar, Brda-chad Gtan-bebs, ред. Iin Bod śan sbyar gtan ʼbebs brda chad: ʼdzin skyoṅ, sman rtsis, dṅos khams, rdzas sbyor, rtsi śiṅ = Glossary of standardized terms : administration, medicine & astrology, physics, chemistry, botany. Brda-chad Gtan-bebs Las-ʼchar, Btsan-byol Bod-gźuṅ Ses-rig-lhas-khuṅs, 2008.

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Las-ʼchar, Brda-chad Gtan-bebs, ред. Ain Bod śan sbyar gtan ʼbebs brda chad: ʼdzin skyoṅ, sman rtsis, dṅos khams, rdzas sbyor, rtsi śiṅ = Glossary of standardized terms : administration, medicine & astrology, physics, chemistry, botany. Brda-chad Gtan-bebs Las-ʼchar, Btsan-byol Bod-gźuṅ Ses-rig-lhas-khuṅs, 2008.

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Ain Bod śan sbyar gtan ʼbebs brda chad: ʼdzin skyoṅ, sman rtsis, dṅos khams, rdzas sbyor, rtsi śiṅ = Glossary of standardized terms : administration, medicine & astrology, physics, chemistry, botany. Brda-chad Gtan-bebs Las-ʼchar, Btsan-byol Bod-gźuṅ Ses-rig-lhas-khuṅs, 2008.

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Ain Bod san sbyar gtan bebs brda chad: Dzin skyon, sman rtsis, dnos khams, rdzas sbyor, rtsi sin = Glossary of standardized terms : administration, medicine & astrology, physics, chemistry, botany. Brda-chad Gtan-bebs Las-char, Btsan-byol Bod-gźuṅ Ses-rig-lhas-khuṅ, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Khams Tibetan language"

1

"Kham David E. Watters." In The Sino-Tibetan Languages. Routledge, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203221051-61.

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"5 East Tibetan: Amdo and Kham." In Relative Tense and Aspectual Values in Tibetan Languages. De Gruyter Mouton, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110908183.526.

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Sonam Lhundrop, Tunzhi, Hiroyuki Suzuki, and Gerald Roche. "1. Language Contact and the Politics of Recognition amongst Tibetans in the People’s Republic of China: The rTa’u-Speaking ‘Horpa’ of Khams." In The Politics of Language Contact in the Himalaya. Open Book Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0169.01.

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