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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Khitan'
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1
Cheng, Shu Fang. "Ethnic identity and the consolidation of imperial power in the Grand Khitan Empire (AD 907-1125) : burial art as evidence for ethnogenesis in a multi-ethnic society." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/286440.
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The Grand Khitan Empire (AD 907-1125) was created by expanding its territory through military conquest and diplomatic treaty across parts of Asia. By deliberate political strategies of cultural construction and the materialization of ethnic ideology, Khitan leaders maintained a multi-ethnic social fabric, consolidated their imperial power, made the ethnic Khitan distinct with the rise of their state, and ultimately proclaimed a hegemony in Northeast Asia. This thesis presents an analysis of 48 tombs categorized into four groups based on the social rank, ethnicity and source of power of the tomb occupants, who include the Khitan emperor, Khitan hereditary aristocracy, non-Khitan hereditary aristocracy and non-hereditary elites. The evolution and chronological patterns of each tomb category are examined and compared to identify the sources of power that underlie ethnic identity and supports the suggestion that imperial acts were manipulated for the consolidation of power. The thesis thus questions the validity of traditional assumptions about ethnic markers - specifically that there was no one-to-one straightforward relation between material culture and ethnicity. The material cultural boundary can be seen as the consequence of social interaction. In addition, it is also clear that the alteration of imperial titles was a political act. Imperial titles of 'Khitan', 'Grand Khitan', 'Khitan State' and 'Qara Khitan' accentuate the governing body of ethnic Khitan. In contrast, the titles 'Liao' or 'Great Liao' were used to symbolize a nation of all the people with the intent of creating a more unified community in the understatement of ethnic differentiation. Overall, archaeological data indicates that an ethno-political strategy highlighted the ruling body (ethnic Khitan) and the largest proportion of the ruled (ethnic Chinese). However, as it privileged ethnic Chinese, it simultaneously marginalized the remaining ethnic minorities, which subsequently lead to a revolt by ethnic Jurchen and the downfall of the Khitan Empire.
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Kinoshita, Hiromi. "Burial practices of the Liao (907-1125) Khitan elite : a reflection of hybrid culture." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440727.
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Zhai, Yi. "Échanges artistiques entre l'Iran et la Chine (13e-14e siècle) : textiles et céramiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3080/document.
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Le présent travail porte sur les échanges artistiques entre l’Iran et la Chine observés sur le textile et la céramique du 13e au 14e siècle. Les discussions dans cette étude s’appuient sur une analyse des caractéristiques de transferts connus : par exemple, existence de transfert technique, relation entre deux véhicules (textile et céramique) des échanges artistiques et propre intention des Mongols. Trois parties composent ce travail, d’après les différents corpus. Les deux premières se consacrent séparément aux corpus de textiles concernant le textile à fil d’or et celui de céramiques. La première partie comporte un catalogue des spécimens textiles et d’analyser les changements artistiques. Dans la deuxième partie, l’examen scientifique permet d’évaluer l’échange technique potentiel. Dans la dernière partie, deux groupes de motifs (motifs représentant l’autorité et motifs de scène de chasse) sont comparés sur les spécimens textiles et céramiques. Le transfert de ces motifs concrets dévoile des relations culturelles essentielles entre des peuples non-sédentaires (les Khitan, les Jurchen et les Mongols) au nord de l’Asie. En conclusion, les différences entre les échanges artistiques représentés sur le textile et ceux sur la céramique montrent une une contradiction avec l’idée que le textile soit un médiateur de la céramique ilkhanide pour le transfert artistique. Ces différences sont fondamentalement liées avec les charactéristiques de la nature et les qualités sociales de chaque matérial. Dernièrement, l’intention des dominants mongols, comportant des successions culturelles de peuples non-sédentaires, est représentée par les échanges artistiques à l’époqueThis paper presents studies on the artistic exchanges between Iran and China observed on textiles and ceramics from the 13th to 14th century. It presents detailed analysis of three important characteristics of the artistic transfers : namely the existence of potential technique transfer, the relation between the two materials (textile and ceramic) during the artistic exchange, and the intention of the Mongols, based on existing corpus The first part of paper is devoted to textile corpus, particularly the textile with golden thread, featuring a catalog of textile samples. The second part presents in depth discussions of the ceramic corpus and questions the potential technical exchange of pottery , followed by comparisons based on actual data. The third part presents comparisons of the patterns observed in both textiles and ceramics specimens, suggesting that the transfer of the concrete motifs reveals the essential cultural relations between the non-sedentary peoples (the Khitan, the Jurchen, the Mongols) of northern Asia. The conclusions of the studies are threefold. First, the technical transfer can be only confirmed in the textile domain. Second, the differences of the artistic exchanges between the textile and the ceramic are closely related to the natural characteristics and the social value of each material, which challenges the previous idea that the textile would be considered as the mediator for the Il-khan ceramic during the artistic transfer. The last but not the least, the cultural relationship between the non-sedentary peoples is clearly represented by the artistic exchanges under the domination of the Mongols
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Khiba, Matseliso Jeanette. "A support programme for HIV infected learners / Matseliso Jeanette Khiba." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2473.
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Deecke, Khira [Verfasser]. "Molekulare und funktionale Analyse von Lysin-Motiv-Rezeptor-ähnlichen Kinasen in P. × canescens / Khira Deecke." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1240835698/34.
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Mordvintsev, Dmitriy. "Tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the northern margin of the Amu-Darya basin in Uzbekistan (Bukhara-Khiva and Southwestern Gissar regions)." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066198/document.
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L'objectif principal de cette thèse est la reconstruction de l'évolution tectonique et stratigraphique de la marge nord du bassin de l'Amou-Daria et du nord-ouest du bassin Afghan-Tadjik dans le sud-ouest de l'Ouzbékistan (régions de Boukhara-Khiva et SW Ghissar).Nous avons utilisé des données géologiques-géophysiques pour construire 8 coupes géologiques-géophysiques. Deux de ces coupes sont parallèles à la région de Boukhara-Khiva, les six autres la recoupent du nord au sud. Les caractères principaux des surfaces pré-Mésozoïque et Mésozoiques ont été observés ainsi que les failles principales, hauts et dépressions.Une autre partie de la thèse est consacrée à l'analyse de la subsidence, réalisée à partir de 18 puits choisis dans la région. La comparaison des taux de subsidence montre une subsidence tectonique active de la fin du Jurassique inférieur au Jurassique moyen et des événements mineurs au cours du Crétacé inférieur et du Turonien.Une analyse de tectonique cassante, comprenant des travaux de terrain, a été menée dans la chaîne du SW Ghissar. Des populations de failles ont été mesurées dans les carbonates du Jurassique moyen-supérieur. Les résultats indiquent que les failles normales sont associées à une extension de direction NE qui s'est développée dans la marge nord du bassin de l'Amou-Daria au cours du Jurassique moyen supérieur.Nos résultats montrent que l'évolution du bassin de l'Amou-Daria est liée au développement de la marge nord de l'océan néo-téthysien au Mésozoïque. La subduction vers le nord de la Néo-Téthys sous l'Eurasie durant le Jurassique a induit un régime extensif dans la plaque Touran chevauchante et l'ouverture du bassin de l'Amou-DariaThe main aim of this thesis is reconstructing the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the northern margin of the Amu-Darya basin and northwestern part of the Afghan-Tajik basin in southwestern Uzbekistan (Bukhara-Khiva and Southwestern Gissar regions). We have used a complex of geological-geophysical data for the construction of 8 geological-geophysical sections. Two lines are parallel to the Bukhara-Khiva region, while other six cross it from the north to the south. The principal features of the pre-Mesozoic and Mesozoic surfaces were observed. The main faults, highs and lows were also determined.Another part of the study is the tectonic subsidence analysis, performed through 18 wells, chosen for the area. The comparison of the tectonic subsidence rates shows an active tectonic subsidence during the late Early Jurassic to Middle Jurassic, and minor events during the Early Cretaceous and the Turonian.The fault tectonic analysis, including fieldworks, has been performed in the Southwestern Gissar Mountains. We mainly analysed the faults population in the Middle-Late Jurassic carbonates. The results indicate that normal faulting developed during the Middle-Late Jurassic associated with the NE-trending extension that developed in the northern margin of the Amu-Darya basin.All of the results show that the Amu-Darya basin evolution is strongly connected to the Mesozoic development of the northward subduction of the Tethys Oceanic domain beneath the Central Asia margin. During the Jurassic, the northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys beneath Eurasia generated extensional stress fields in the overriding Turan platform which originated the Amu-Darya basin
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Poujol, Catherine. "Boukhara, Khiva, Kokand et la Russie de 1700 à 1840 : aspects d'un contact pré-colonial à travers l'expérience russe du voyage." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030033.
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Ce travail se propose d'examiner les modalites du contact pre-colonial entre boukhara, khiva, kokand et la russie pendant cette periode. La premiere partie est consacree a la description de la documentation locale et a presenter le corpus russe des voyages et expeditions qui constituera la base de donnees principale pour l'analyse qui suivra. Apres avoir decrit l'ensemble des facteurs qui determinent la nature du contact entre la russie et l'asie centrale, l'attention sera portee sur la genese d'une tradition de double defiance entre les deux parties. Les societes ouzbek ont-elles neglige la menace russe, ou ont-elles clairement choisi de ne pas se donner les moyens de l'apprehender ? Les russes ont eu la chance d'accumuler une experience unique sur les etats d'asie centrale. Les populations indigenes ont-elles appris quelque chose sur les russes a partir du contact pre-colonial ?The purpose of this work is to examine the procedure of contact between the khanates of boukhara, khiva and kokand during the pre-colonial period. The first part is devoted to survey the local documentation and to present the russian corpus of travels and expeditions that will constitute the main basis for further analysis. After having described all the factors that determine the nature of the contact that will occured between russia and central asia, the attention will be focused on the setting of a tradition of a double mistrust between them. Did the ouzbek societies neglect the russian threat or did they clearly choose not to provide themselves the means for understanding it ? The russians had a chance to accumulate a unique experience about the central asian states before submitting them. Did the central asian populations learn something about the russians out of the pre-colonial contact ?
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Verfasser], Khin Lin Nwe, and Wolf [Akademischer Betreuer] [Reuter. "Deficiency analysis and recommendations for improvement of housing in Yangon / Khin Lin Nwe. Betreuer: Wolf Reuter." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027300804/34.
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[Verfasser], Khin Lin Nwe, and Wolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Reuter. "Deficiency analysis and recommendations for improvement of housing in Yangon / Khin Lin Nwe. Betreuer: Wolf Reuter." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027300804/34.
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Latt, Yadana Khin [Verfasser], and Ellen [Akademischer Betreuer] Kandeler. "Effects of elevated soil temperature and altered precipitation patterns on N-cycling and production of N2O and CO2 in an agricultural soil / Yadana Khin Latt. Betreuer: Ellen Kandeler." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1101573368/34.
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Kyaw, Khin Zar [Verfasser], and Brigitte [Akademischer Betreuer] Urban. "Testing the Effects of Biochars on Crop Yields and Soil Properties in a Rice-based Cropping System of Myanmar: Field Experiment and Modelling / Khin Zar Kyaw. Betreuer: Brigitte Urban." Lüneburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1105035425/34.
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Tristant, Yann. "L'occupation humaine dans le delta du Nil au 5e et 4e millénaires : Approche géo-archéologique à partir de la région de Samara (delta oriental)." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0063.
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Le delta du Nil est le produit d'une histoire longue, celle de sa géologie, et d'une histoire plus courte, celle qui, des premières communautés agricoles jusqu'à nos jours, a vu l'homme aménager le paysage. Dans un environnement aussi mobile, l'occupation humaine à l'époque pré- et protodynastique est ici envisagée dans le contexte des phénomènes naturels qui ont permis l'anthropisation du milieu, mais également de ceux qui ont gommé toute trace de cette implantation. Les zones habitables sont rares dans la région, et on peut, avec une étude de cas menée sur le site de Kôm el-Khilgan (région de Samara), proposer une analyse détaillée d'un site de gezira, le type d'établissement le plus courant dans la région. À partir d'une application géo-archéologique, combinant les méthodes de l'archéologie et de la géomorphologie, ce travail vise à resituer la localité dans son environnement naturel et son contexte archéologique puis à élaborer un modèle de l'occupation du territoireThe Nile Delta has a long history - a geological one - and a short history - a human one, from the first agricultural communities until present day during wich time Man arranged and modelled the landscape. In a such mobile environnement, human occupation during the Predynastic and the Early Dynatic period (5th and 4th millennia BC) is this study considered in the context of natural phenomena wich allowed the anthropisation of the territory, but wich also erased any trace of the settlements over the last centuries. With a case study carried out in the Samara area, more particularly on the Kôm el-Khilgan archaelogical site, we propose an analysis of a gezira site, the most common kind of settlement in Lower Egypt. It opens new perspectives for the space analysis of the sites, considering the questions related to the supply of raw materials, the integration of the localities in different hierarchical networks
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Zhang, Man. "The Phonological Features of Sino-Khitan and Its Relations to the Origin of Northern Mandarin." 2012. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/967.
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Khitan Language, as being used as an official language in Liao Dynasty during 10th to 12th century in Northern China contains some features of influence of Chinese Language. By studying the Sino-Khitan transcription, features of Sino-Khitan phonology can be found. These features include: Voiced initial consonants had been devoiced into voiceless aspirated for ping tone, voiceless unaspirated for non-ping tone; Chinese labial-dental initials had been differentiated from Chinese bilabial initials; Alveolar affricates does not exist in Khitan language but were borrowed from Chinese. Unaspirated [ts] was represented by new-invented YZ graph, while aspirated [tsʰ] was merged into [s] and represented by the same YZ graph as [s]; Nasal initial [ŋ] and finals with nasal coda [-ŋ] in Khitan language are borrowed from Chinese; Chinese final [ɨ] is a not a native sound in Khitan language and new YZ graph was specificly invented for this acquired sound. It is mostly used to transliterate zi-si (资思)rhyme of Middle Chinese.
By comparing Sino-Khitan phonological features with that of Northern Mandarin, it is to be found that the two system share many phonological characteristics. However, Tangut language, which was used in northwestern China and its geographic area is currently belong to Northern Mandarin speaking area, has many different features in some essential perspectives. The relation between the Sino-Khitan and Chinese language is very close which suggests that the development of Khitan language may be one of the important steps of Northern Mandarin development.
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Standen, Naomi Louise. "Frontier crossings from north China to Liao, c. 900-1005." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/35233614.html.
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Cui, Ling, and 崔玲. "Research on the Culture of Epitaph and Mural Painting of the Tombs of the Chinese Aristocratic Families in 10th to Mid—11th Century Khitan Liao Dynasty of China." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xgrtnw.
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博士國立政治大學
歷史學系
107
Through a research into the epitaphs and mural paintings of the Han Chinese aristocratic families within the Liao Dynasty, unearthed in the northern part of China, this thesis examines the funerary culture of the Han immigrants under the Liao regime, in which Khitan nobles were the ruling class during the tenth to the mid-eleventh century. From the perspective of Han Chinese aristocratic families entering Liao territory, it studies the interactions between Han culture and the nomadic culture of Khitan, and proposes to deepen the "Sinicization" (漢化) and "Khitanization" (契丹化) paradigms with the "hybrid culture" paradigm when interpreting Chinese funerary culture of multi-ethnic groups under the Liao dynasty. The first chapter is the introduction, which elucidates the reasons, methodologies and procedures in studying the epitaph and mural culture of Han aristocratic families during the first half of the Liao dynasty. It does so from three perspectives: material culture, Chinese migration, and regional characteristics of Liao dynasty. The second chapter begins from the causes of the emergence of a "hybrid culture", and analyzes the context of Chinese immigration, especially the social mobility, social networks, and the characteristics of the burial places of Han aristocratic families. The third chapter discusses the features of Han aristocratic families’ epitaphs, and explains the changes after the epitaph of the Liao Dynasty. This chapter uses a considerable number of Chinese and Khitanese epitaphs to understand the evolution of tomb culture and epitaph culture under the "hybrid culture" of these families. It discusses the hierarchy, content, function, and decorations of the epitaphs of Chinese immigrants, and explains the cultural interactions between Han immigrants and Khitan nomads. The fourth chapter analyzes the regional development and ritual characteristics of the murals in the Han aristocratic families’ tombs. This chapter analyzes the structure and differences of mural tombs in Nanjing Circuit (南京道), Xijing Circuit (西京道), Zhongjing Circuit (中京道) and Shangjing Circuit (上京道) areas of the Liao Dynasty, and reveals the role of immigrant culture within the development of the Liao territory and the regional characteristics of "hybrid culture". Finally, the fifth chapter summarizes the interactions between Chinese immigrants’ culture and nomadic culture, and concludes with a discussion of the narratives and meaning of "hybrid culture" as seen in the epitaph and murals. In summary, the epitaphs and murals became one of the visual, material, and cultural symbols that represent the "hybrid culture" of the Liao dynasty.
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Chiang, Ko-Chun, and 姜克俊. "Nation Policy of Khiten Empire." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53399721370147431735.
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Chou-I-Ching and 周宜靜. "Quchu UiGur's relationship with Qara Khitay and Mongol." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67940412269589258646.
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Verità, Massimiliano. "The sun is a girl mythopoesis in Mīrāl Al Tahāwī's Al Khibā' /." 2007. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/150566258.html.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2007Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-94).
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Lee, Hsueh-Jen, and 李雪溱. "A Study on the Development of the Tshit-Khiam in Hsilo." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34800378558929844164.
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碩士雲林科技大學
文化資產維護系碩士班
96
There is a special clan in Pan-Hislo area in Yunlin county. They are special because their language is different from both Hakka and Taiwanese. Some people''s family name is Liao when they are alive; it becomes Chang when they are dead. The amount of the population is extremely large. They live among the twenty-five villages located on the north bank of new Huwei river. They give these villages the name, Tshit-khiam. The purpose of this article is to study the formation and the development process of Tshit-khiam. This thesis is divided into six chapters. Chapter One specifies the motivations, purposes, literature reviews, research methods, and study scope. Chapter Two discusses the origin the villages. Chapter Three focuses on the relation of people and the environment based on the time of the village formation, the changes of the watercourses, and the use of the reservoirs. The reasons why the clan of Chang-Liao chose where to live are discussed. Chapter Four deals with the aborigines and the other clans to clarify the human relationship, and discusses the influence to the ancestors'' reclamation and the development of the villages. Chapter Five investigates the formation background of Tshit-khiam, hidden meanings, and the values of the existence. The Chang-Liaos'' awareness of Zhao''an Hakka consciousness and the efforts to deliver the culture are introduced. Chapter Six makes conclusions and suggestions.
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Chein, Yin-Hsin, and 簡瑛欣. "宜蘭廟群KHIAM（示簽）祭祀圈之研究." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71137238002520847912.
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碩士國立政治大學
民族研究所
92
This thesis deals with the khiam, an ethnically distinct religious system in Yilan County. Both the religious and the ethnic aspect of the khiam are discussed. A census of fifty-one temples located on the Lanyan Plain serves my survey of the religious aspect of the khiam, which uncovers the present situation and the geographical distribution of the local temple community. On the other hand, I employ historical records, pedigrees of the local clans, materials offered by Professor Teng-fu Shih’s Traditional Villages on the Lanyan Plain: Theoretical Structure and Basic Information and information I gathered from my own oral history works as the base upon which to discuss the distribution of a “recessive” ethnic group on the Lanyan Plain, the Hakka immigrants from the Zhao’an County of the Fujian Province, China. Further comparative analyses of the geographical distribution and types of the khiam and the distribution of the Zhao’an Hakka identify the close relation between the khiam and the Zhao’an Hakka. In the last chapter of this thesis, I compare the khiam on the Lanyan Plain and that in Xiluo, a town in Yunlin County in western Taiwan. Differences in language and demographical distribution between these two ethnic groups, the formation, changes, and the scale of their khiam, and their ethnic identity all show the local and ethnic characteristics of the khiam on the Lanyan Plain. My research methods i.e. general surveys and further observations in local areas as well as analysis of historical records lead me to four discoveries: 1. What is khiam? Khiam is an ethnically distinct religious system, every sub-groups of which in turns undertakes the responsibility to preside at the annual worship ceremonies. The term khiam stemmed from the Zhao’an Hakka language, which originally means “locus.” 2. Religious characteristics of the khiam (a) Statistics of temples: There are forty-eight temples in the entire Yilan County that exercise the khiam. Besides, there are three other temples in which the khiam was once employed but is no longer performed today. (b) Statistics of deities: Sanshan guowang (三山國王) are the most worshiped deities (15 temples); Sanguan dadi (三官大帝, 5 temples) and Kaitai guosheng (開台國聖, 5 temples) come in the next place. Sanshan guowang are much more often being worshiped than other deities. (c) Ritual practices: in most temples, zhongyuan pudu (中元普渡) is considered as the major ritual of the khiam system. (d) Types of formation: there are three types of formation of the khiam i.e. the primitive type (35 temples), the immigrant type (13 temples), and the vanishing type (3 temples). 3. Local distribution of the khiam In terms of administrative divisions, there are most khiam systems in Dongshan. In terms of geographical features, more khiam systems appear in mountainous areas than in coastal areas, and more appear south than north to rivers, which, respectively, are distributed in band or are scattered. 4. Local distribution of the Zhao’an Hakka (a) The Zhao’an Hakka people are intensively distributed in areas along the mountains, and apparently more to the south of rivers. (b) Twenty-percent marks the average distributive density of Zhao’an Hakka, namely, high density areas refer to those villages in which the number of Zhao’an Hakka households is higher than 20% of the total household number. Villages in which the Zhao’an Hakka households account for less than 20% of the total number are defined as low density areas. It shows that high density areas centralize in Dongshan, Yuanshan, Jiaoxi, Zhuanwei, and a small part of Yilan City and Sanxin. Distribution in Xingzaidi also approximately coincides with the distribution of high density areas. 5. The relationship between the khiam and Zhao’an Hakka (a) The primitive type of the khiam is positively interrelated to the population of Zhao’an Hakka. The lower the population density of the Zhao’an Hakka is, the greater is the variation in the types of the khiam. (b) In terms of geographical distribution, the banding distribution of khiam temple community largely overlaps the high density Zhao’an Hakka areas. This research, I wish, may contribute to broaden the vision of researches on religious spheres. Anthropologists and religion researchers have been placing disciple organizations, inter-temple relations, or traditions of ritual practices in the centrality of religious sphere research. Nonetheless, my adoption of ethnological methods and local studies in this thesis may push the discipline to probe into its other aspects such as the formation of villages in Taiwan and the distribution of ethnic groups. By means of cross comparison of historical records, documentations, maps, pedigrees, and fieldwork data, I attempt not only to clarify the local distribution of the khiam system but also disclose the substantiality of this ethnic group, and the cultural features of the traditional villages on the Lanyan Plain.
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Khiba, Karabo. "The accessing of finance by Small Medium Micro Enterprises in the Mafikeng / Karabo Khiba." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3124.
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The research study investigates some of the problems or challenges faced by SMMEs in
the Mafikeng and Mmabatho area of the North West province. It strives to find out the
extent to which these problems occur and the impact they have on these businesses. The
research focuses on a number of major problems considered to be hindering the growth of
SMMEs in this area, namely the lack of entrepreneurial management, financial skills,
accessing finance and the role played by lack of financial and mentoring support on the
success or failure of SMMEs.
Some of the significant findings of this study are that the majority of the businesses fail
because of lack of access to finance, lack of entrepreneurial skills and lack of mentoring
support from the government. The government and banks should make it easier for
SMMEs to access finance. The government should act as collateral for SMMEs to secure
finance from commercial institutions. The government should involve the private sector
in training SMMEs to acquire entrepreneurial skills. This will help SMMEs to run their
businesses professionally and therefore become sustainable. This will impact positively
to the economic growth, in terms of job creation to the entire province
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Chiu, Shuen-Ju, and 邱舜茹. "A Research of Spatial Structure of Zhao''an Hakka Seven-Khiam Villages in Yunlin County." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77819904418495027416.
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碩士雲林科技大學
建築與室內設計系碩士班
99
The villages of Zhao’an Hakka which belonged to Zhangzhou Hakka were originally from Zhangzhou City’s Zhao’an County in Fujian Province. The evidence indicated that the villages firstly emigrated during the year between Kangxi and Yongzheng dynasty. At present, Zhao’an Hakka villages which hold the most population, tight distribution and preserve the integrity of Hakka language were located in Xiluo, Erlun, and Lunbei Township in Yunlin County in Taiwan. People settled there for over three hundred years had built complete villages. This study focuses on the Yunlin’s Seven-Khiam area where the Chang-liou clan located and lived the most Zhao’an Hakka residents. The researcher investigated the spatial and structure in twenty-eight places and built the spatial structure from these factors include spatial area, landscape, traffic system, public facilities and housing planning. There is the inference that the Chang-liou clan set up the value system in Seven-Khiam area. This field work found that nine main elements constructed the Seven-khiam villages. These elements were hydrographic, cardinal direction, sand dune/forest, villages, house, roads, Tu Di Gong, village temples and five-forts. Twenty-three organization rules of the Seven-Khiam villages were also induced according to the mutual inference of the nine elements. This study shows that the Seven-Khiam villages were the results of the interaction between Zhao’an clan and the nature, and it also revealed the intelligence of the Zhao’an clan while made peace with the nature. This study not only helps understand the spatial structure in the Seven-Khiam villages but also helps construct the spatial identity of Zhao’an Hakka villages. It is beneficial for the preservation and re-development in those particular villages.
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Huang, Ming-tai, and 黃明泰. "A Research of the Traditional Settlements Preservation in Cultural LandscapeA Case Study of the "Tshit-khiam" in Yunlin County." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06462325620652562177.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
空間設計系碩士班
97
In 2005, the category of cultural landscape was newly added into Cultural Heritage Preservation Law and it clearly defined the classifications of cultural landscape. Broadly speaking, cultural landscape can be seen as the result of interaction between the human beings and the nature, which illustrates the chronic relation of the habitants and the environment. Although the difference of settlement and cultural landscape is precisely defined, settlement is often viewed as a group of affiliated buildings. However, the habitants’ lifestyle, production and local customs should be taken into consideration to make the idea of cultural landscape more comprehensive. His-lo, Er-lun and Lun-bei in Yun-lin county are three towns where majority of Chao-An Hakka people live, and villagers with surnames of Chang and Liao are the lead. For hundreds of years, the united community of culture and worship customs has been formed and is called Tshit-khiam. In this research, the evolution of spatial change and history as well as the distribution of spatial organization of Tshit-khiam is studied and discussed. Not only compared with how the concept of cultural landscape is defined internationally, much literature relevant to settlement studies and cultural landscape is also reviewed in this study. By assessing the example of Tshit-khiam from standpoints of cultural heritage preservation laws of Taiwan’s and other counties’, the propriety and value of Tshit-khiam to be seen as a cultural landscape is examined. Furthermore, the review of Japanese cultural heritage preservation system is also discussed in the hope of providing Tshit-khiam or future villages with suggestions and criteria of defining cultural landscapes.
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[Verfasser], Khin Nyan Linn. "Structure of exotic nuclei and superheavy elements in meson field theory / von Khin Nyan Linn." 2008. http://d-nb.info/989884864/34.
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Soe, Khin Soe [Verfasser]. "Immobilization of actinide wastes in ceramics for long-term disposal / vorgelegt von Khin Soe Soe." 2006. http://d-nb.info/982217870/34.
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[Verfasser], Khin Thein Nyunt. "Potential of the predatory pentatomid Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) as a biocontrol agent on American bollworm in cotton in Myanmar / presented by Khin Thein Nyunt." 2008. http://d-nb.info/990327469/34.
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Hsiang-YinSu and 蘇湘尹. "Story Types of "Boo-tua-tsi" Script in the Indoor kua-a-hi——A Case Study on "Khit-tsiah Ong-tsu" and "Tsin-ke Ong-tsu"." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9wt8e5.
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碩士國立成功大學
台灣文學系碩士在職專班
105
In the 1920’s, Taiwanese Opera entered an era of commercial theater competition and developed popular, entertaining 「indoor Taiwanese Opera」. The once very popular「Kióng- lo̍k- siā」, operated by Mr. CHEN Cheng-San, which used the recording method and hired someone to write the scripts. The existing ones have retained the actors’ lines, the stories plots, the stage prompts, the light and sound effects. INTRODUCTION In order to make the works of Tân- siú- king, the drama compiler of Kióng- lo̍k- siā, known to a larger audience, this paper will use his《Khit-tsia̍h Ông-tsú》and《Tsin-ké Ông-tsú》as a study category. Both scripts will be studied deeply and thoroughly. MATERIALS AND METHODS To play the script characters and plot structure first, then clarify the script’s figure structure and the relationship between the characters. In both plays, the child plays the role of Ku Dan (a bitter and suffering role in Taiwanese opera). There is a marital relationship between a young boy and an older girl with Xiao Sheng as the marital violator. The plot structure is formed between both protagonists and through twists and turns, the marital relationship is completed.