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Journal articles on the topic 'Kidnapping'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Blumenstein, Lindsey. "Exploratory Study on Intimate Partner Kidnapping: Is This a Prevailing Issue in Intimate Partner Relationships?" Partner Abuse 6, no. 4 (2015): 403–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.6.4.403.

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The following study is an exploratory analysis of intimate partner kidnapping. This research focuses on kidnappings that occur between adult intimate partners only. The purpose of this research is to identify the prevalence rates and demographic patterns of this type of violence as well as make comparisons between intimate partner kidnapping and nonintimate partner kidnapping and comparisons between intimate partner kidnapping and intimate partner assaults (a more commonly studied form of intimate partner violence). This research relies on the National Incident-Based Reporting System (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2012) not only to identify descriptive characteristics but also to conduct bivariate comparisons of the different types of kidnapping violence and intimate partner violence. The findings from this research find that despite being a fairly rare event, intimate partner kidnapping occurs more often than nonintimate partner kidnapping, although not more often than intimate partner assaults. There are several differences between intimate partner kidnapping and nonintimate partner kidnapping as well as intimate partner kidnapping and intimate partner assault. Victims of intimate partner kidnapping were significantly younger than nonintimate partner kidnapping and intimate partner violence assaults, and females were more likely to be victims of kidnapping compared to nonintimate partner kidnapping and intimate partner violence assaults. There was a higher proportion of Whites and Hispanics who were victims of intimate partner kidnapping. There was also a greater proportion of blunt object/personal weapons (compared to firearms and knives) used in intimate partner kidnapping. Lastly, there was a significantly lower proportion of severe injury in intimate partner kidnapping compared to intimate partner violence assaults. A discussion of the conclusions and implications and directions for future research is also included.

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2

Agbi, Nelson, and Maria Nkonyeasua Osadema. "Citizens’ Perception on Effects of Kidnapping on Security in Edo South Senatorial District." British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies 5, no. 3 (May 9, 2024): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0480.

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The cases of kidnapping in Nigeria and in Edo State in particular are rising, and taking dangerous dimensions. What exists in the literature is an ample of research reports on the causes and socioeconomic implications of kidnapping. The general objective of this study is to explore citizens’ perception of the effects of the rising incidence of kidnapping on the security situations in Edo South Senatorial District of Edo State. The exploratory research design operated with the cross sectional research design was adopted for this study. The calculated sample size for this study was placed at approximately 816. For the collection of qualitative data, the purposive sampling techniques were used to select two interviewees from each of the local government areas. Hence, there were 14 interviewees for the collection of qualitative data that complemented the quantitative data. The majority of respondents (54.7%) believe that the death of victims during kidnappings is avoidable or preventable. There was statistically significant difference in the perception of the level of panic due to kidnapping in Edo South according to the age groups. There is statistically significant association between educational qualification and the tendency to get the Police involved in cases of kidnapping. There was statistically significant difference in perceived police effectiveness in the fight against kidnapping in Edo South according the respondents’ nature of employment. In conclusion, there is a significant number of people who are concerned about kidnapping in their area, with most of affirming a high level of panic due to kidnapping. Kidnapping has a negative impact on society and is a source of fear and concern for many people. The lack of proper security measures adds to the problem, and people are left to take precautions to avoid being kidnapped. The citizens are adjusting to the panic caused by kidnapping by taking practical measures to ensure their safety and seeking solace through spiritual practices. It is recommended that the police should take proactive measures to prevent kidnappings, have the necessary resources and training to handle kidnapping cases, and work with other security agencies and organizations to provide support and services to victims after their release.

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3

Detotto, Claudio, Bryan C. McCannon, and Marco Vannini. "Understanding Ransom Kidnappings and Their Duration." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 14, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 849–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2013-0079.

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Abstract What factors drive the length of a kidnapping experience? A theoretical model is developed to conduct comparative statics. A unique data set covering all kidnappings for ransom in Sardinia between 1960 and 2010 is analyzed. Factors related to the ability to pay and cost of abduction matter. Policies aimed at deterring kidnapping have mixed effects on its duration.

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4

Cunningham, Shannon N., and Donna M. Vandiver. "Solo and Multi-Offenders Who Commit Stranger Kidnapping: An Assessment of Factors That Correlate With Violent Events." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 22 (March 6, 2016): 3459–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516635320.

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Research has demonstrated that co-offending dyads and groups often use more violence than individual offenders. Despite the attention given to co-offending by the research community, kidnapping remains understudied. Stranger kidnappings are more likely than non-stranger kidnappings to involve the use of a weapon. Public fear of stranger kidnapping warrants further examination of this specific crime, including differences between those committed by solo and multi-offender groups. The current study uses National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) data to assess differences in use of violence among 4,912 stranger kidnappings by solo offenders and multi-offender groups using cross-tabulations, ordinal regression, and logistic regression. The results indicate that violent factors are significantly more common in multi-offender incidents, and that multi-offender groups have fewer arrests than solo offenders. The implications of these findings are discussed.

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5

Forest, James J. F. "Kidnapping by Terrorist Groups, 1970-2010." Crime & Delinquency 58, no. 5 (September 2012): 769–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128712452962.

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This article examines whether a terrorist group’s ideology has a meaningful impact on its involvement in kidnapping. On a global level, incident data (1970-2010) indicate that in the past decade the number of kidnappings by terrorist groups has increased, while Muslim extremists have replaced left-wing/Marxist revolutionaries as the world’s leading kidnappers. However, when we incorporate data about the attributes of terrorist organizations and their operating environments, this analysis indicates that ideology does not play an important role in determining the likelihood of a group’s involvement in kidnapping. The article concludes with implications and suggested topics for further study.

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6

Molina, Beatriz, Maria Eugenia Agudelo, Alfredo De los Rios, Maria Victoria Builes, Angelica Ospina, Roman Arroyave, Olga Lucia Lopez, Margarita Vâsquez, and Carmen Elvira Navia. "Kidnapping." Journal of Family Psychotherapy 16, no. 3 (September 26, 2005): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j085v16n03_04.

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7

Myrabo, Jessica. "Neonatal Kidnapping." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 22, no. 2 (March 1993): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1993.tb01788.x.

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8

Johnston, Janet R., and Inger Sagatun-Edwards. "Parental kidnapping." Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 11, no. 4 (October 2002): 805–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1056-4993(02)00018-4.

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9

González, Raúl. "Kidnapping Alaíde." Review: Literature and Arts of the Americas 36, no. 67 (January 2003): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08905760308594751.

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10

Dolnik, Adam. "Contrasting Dynamics of Crisis Negotiations: Barricade versus Kidnapping Incidents." International Negotiation 8, no. 3 (2003): 495–526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1571806031310806.

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AbstractOver the past several decades, crisis negotiation has become the primary method of dealing with hostage incidents in many countries of the world. This article uses the analytical framework of interest-based negotiation to provide a comparative analysis of the negotiation dynamics involved in barricade versus kidnapping incidents. The primary difference between the two scenarios is that the location of the victim(s) as well as that of the perpetrator(s) is unknown in kidnappings. As a result, many of the components of crisis negotiation that have been so successful in resolving barricade situations are inapplicable to kidnappings. This article should help the reader understand the critical differences between the two scenarios, and the implications of those differences for the likelihood of success of different crisis negotiation strategies. Central focus is devoted to premeditated incidents perpetrated by organized groups with a political, criminal, or religious motivation.

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11

Yakubu, S. Muhammad. "Menace of Kidnapping and Challenges of Post Abduction Living." Kashere Journal of Education 3, no. 1 (June 13, 2022): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/kje.v3i1.2.

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Kidnapping refers to crime of seizing, confining, abducting, or carrying away a person by force or fraud, often to subject him or her to involuntary servitude in an attempt to demand for a ransom. The paper looked at the concept of kidnapping, prevalence of kidnapping, a concise history of kidnapping in Nigeria, strength of kidnapping in Nigeria, Menace of Kidnapping and Challenges of Post Abduction Living and recovery and future. Some of the recommendations highlighted include; released hostage should receive resources and information about how to see counseling, youths should be provided with enabling environment that would make them relevant in the scheme of things in Nigeria.

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12

Osegboun, Adebola Esther, and Temidayo David Oladipo. "The Impact of Kidnapping for Ransom on Nigeria’s Image." African Journal of Stability and Development (AJSD) 15, no. 1&2 (May 17, 2023): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.53982/ajsd.2023.1501_2.05-j.

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Kidnapping is a long-standing global phenomenon, which is not unique to any continent or country. However, it has taken on a new dimension in the 21st century with the development of kidnapping for ransom. Kidnapping for ransom is now a lucrative business in many nations of the world, and has grown particularly worrisome in Nigeria, due to the country’s weak security system. It is in this regard that this article examines the impact of kidnapping for ransom on Nigeria’s image. The study explores the evolution of kidnapping in Nigeria, causes of kidnapping, effects of kidnapping on victims and its impact on Nigeria’s image. The study, which is qualitative in nature, discovers that Nigeria- a country that has long struggled with maintaining a positive image has allowed kidnapping to linger for too long. The paper posits that Nigeria has become insecure for both locals and foreigners and this has consequently affected foreign direct investment, tourism and migration. The paper thus argues that if kidnapping for ransom is not adequately tackled, it will hinder the growth of the economy arising from the consequence of hampered image of the country in the comity of nations. It therefore concludes that there is a need for the government to take proactive measures rather than reactive ones towards this menace.

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13

Alshynbekova, A. "Initiation of pre-trial investigation in cases of kidnapping: essence and characteristics." Bulletin of the Innovative University of Eurasia 80, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37788/2020-4/49-55.

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In this article, the author examines the features of the pre-trial stage of the investigation in the investigation of kidnapping. The initial stage of the investigation consists of: starting a pre-trial investigation, conducting urgent investigative and procedural actions and attracting a person as a suspect. The initial stage of the investigation of a crime, including kidnapping, is crucial for the implementation of further qualitative and offensive investigation of criminal acts. The purpose of this article is to study the nature and features of the beginning of the pre-trial investigation of kidnapping. In the course of the study, the author used such methods of scientific research as: dialectical, system, method of qualitative and quantitative analysis, generalization and study of literary sources, comparative legal, historical-legal, system-structural and formal-logical methods, as well as the method of system analysis. Activities to identify signs of a crime must be considered through the prism of the beginning of a pre-trial investigation. Currently, the beginning of a pre-trial investigation, from the point of view of criminology, refers to very specific types of organizational activities at the initial stage of the investigation of a kidnapping. The detection and investigation of kidnappings is highly complex, requiring law enforcement officials to maintain strict secrecy. If there is a reason provided for by the criminal procedure law to start a pre-trial investigation, the investigator or an employee of the body of inquiry is obliged to establish the presence of sufficient data indicating signs of kidnapping. To do this, it is necessary to carefully study the content of the application, compare the available factual data. The beginning of a pre-trial investigation should not be an end in itself of the activities of the pre-trial investigation bodies. At the same time, their offensive and proactive work on all received facts, information and operational materials is extremely important, because it is the embodiment of the active position of the law enforcement system in the direction of preventing and suppressing possible illegal encroachments on personal freedom, including the suppression of those criminal actions that are in the stages of their preparation or beginning.

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14

Brilliantov, A. V. "Kidnapping: Qualification Questions." Rossijskoe pravosudie 9 (August 21, 2020): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37399/issn2072-909x.2020.1.77-83.

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The article provides an analys is of the criminal law regulating criminal responsibility for kidnapping. The positions on the seissuesare analyzed as set out in the Supreme Court Plenary's ruling of 24 December 2019, No. 58 on the judicial practice of cases of kidnapping, un law fulimprisonment and human trafficking. On the basis of the study of jurisprudence and theoretical sources, the position is based that the detentionis not the purpose of kidnapping, butispartofitsobjectiveside. Thearticlealsoexploresthesubjectiveside of kidnapping and argues that it is necessary to classifyacts of crime in cases where kidnapping is the creation of conditions for the Commission of a person another crime. The work is illustrated with examples of jurisprudence.

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15

Harzoune, Mustapha. "Gaspard Koenig, Kidnapping." Hommes & migrations, no. 1314 (April 1, 2016): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/hommesmigrations.3683.

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16

Wichmann, Scotch. "Kidnapping As Art." PAJ: A Journal of Performance and Art 37, no. 1 (January 2015): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pajj_a_00248.

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17

Yang, Shu-Lung, Bohsiu Wu, and Shih-Long Huang. "Kidnapping in Taiwan." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 51, no. 3 (June 2007): 324–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x06291472.

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18

Beachy, Patricia, and Jane Deacon. "Preventing Neonatal Kidnapping." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 21, no. 1 (January 1992): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1992.tb01716.x.

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19

Stevens, Elizabeth. "Preventing neonatal kidnapping." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 21, no. 5 (September 1992): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1992.tb01747.x.

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20

Rabun, John B. "Preventing Neonatal Kidnapping." Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 22, no. 1 (January 1993): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1993.tb01777.x.

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21

Constantinescu, Ana R., and John C. Tedesco. "FRAMING A KIDNAPPING." Journalism Studies 8, no. 3 (June 2007): 444–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616700701276216.

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22

Pho, Helen N. "Cold War Kidnapping." Pacific Historical Review 84, no. 1 (February 1, 2015): 19–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2015.84.1.19.

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On February 2, 1965, the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam kidnapped Gustav Hertz, Chief of Public Administration for the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). Hertz’s captivity set in motion an intricate series of diplomatic gestures that involved several governments, including those of Algeria, Cambodia, and France, and numerous prominent individuals, such as Senator Robert Kennedy, Cambodian leader Norodom Sihanouk, and Algerian President Ahmed Ben Bella, in an effort to win his release. This article examines the Hertz kidnapping to illustrate that South Vietnamese politics heavily influenced and thwarted U.S. nation-building efforts. The case reveals that when perpetuating the impression of South Vietnamese sovereignty conflicted with saving the life of a USAID leader, U.S. officials chose the first objective.

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23

Turner, Mark. "Kidnapping and Politics." International Journal of the Sociology of Law 26, no. 2 (June 1998): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ijsl.1998.0061.

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24

Suartana, Komang, and I. Made Wirya Darma. "Legal Protection for Child Kidnapping Victims: Case Study in Gianyar District Court." Kertha Patrika 42, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/kp.2020.v42.i03.p07.

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This article aims to analyze how the crime of child kidnapping is covered in the Indonesian Criminal Code and the type of sanctions that can be imposed on the perpetrator of the crime of child kidnapping. It is a legal research that uses statutory, conceptual, and case approaches in discussing the legal protection of child kidnapping victims. In order to illustrate how the law that protects the victim of child kidnapping is applied by the court, it presents a case study at the Gianyar District Court that investigated a criminal offense of child kidnapping in 2018. The results reveal that the Indonesian Criminal Code classifies child kidnapping as a crime that is punishable as stipulated in Article 330 of the Code. In a more specific context, Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 22 of 2003 concerning Child Protection includes child kidnapping as a case that needs to be given special protection A case study regarding the imposing of sanctions on the perpetrator of child kidnapping can be seen in a criminal case before the District Court of Gianyar in 2018. In the judgment, the panel of judges imposing a sentence against the defendant in the form of imprisonment of 8 (eight) years in prison and a fine of Rp. 60,000,000 (sixty million rupiah) subsidiary 6 (six) months in prison;

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25

Oluwajenyo, Fasoranti Olayiwola, Abrifor Chiedu Akporaro, and Haruna Ishola Abdullahi. "Social security as a panacea to kidnapping in South-West Nigeria: A theoretical review." African Social Science and Humanities Journal 3, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 26–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.57040/asshj.v3i1.52.

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There are various security challenges facing societies around the world. Kidnapping is one challenge that undermines peace and stability in the globe. Kidnapping leads to death of victims, bodily harm, loss of properties and worsening economic conditions. To tackle kidnapping, social security is one valuable measure put in place. However, social security is bedeviled with challenges like corruption, mismanagement, lack of political will, ethnicity, bad policy and programmes. Therefore, this paper addresses the challenges of social security and kidnapping in South-West, Nigeria. The study intends to fill the gap created by shortage of scholarly materials to explore challenges of social security and kidnapping in South-West Nigeria. The data were obtained secondarily through the content analysis of peer reviewed journals, edited textbooks, and credible online resources. It anchors on social control theory by Travis Hirsch. Findings revealed that corruption, lack of political will, ethnicity, religiosity and other challenges are working against social security drives to combat kidnapping in Nigeria. The paper recommends effective youth empowerment schemes to bring to the shore the potentials among the youths. This paper will be useful by improving knowledge on the social security and kidnapping, improve the extant literature on social security and kidnapping, the policy-makers, employment of labour, organized private sectors and researchers in the field of social and management sciences will find it beneficial.

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26

Montalbano, Alessandra. "Ransom kidnapping: the anonymous underworld of the Italian Republic." Modern Italy 21, no. 1 (February 2016): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mit.2015.3.

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This article offers a comparative analysis of the phenomenon of ransom kidnapping in Italy between the late 1960s and the late 1990s, a period in which hundreds of citizens were abducted and held by Sardinian banditry, the Sicilian Mafia, and the Calabrian ’Ndrangheta. While ransom kidnapping far surpassed political kidnapping in the number of victims it produced, it has received only a fraction of the scholarly attention that has been given to political abductions during the anni di piombo. Tracing the different roots, periods, and development of ransom kidnapping, this article sheds light on the distinct uses that banditry, the Mafia, and the ’Ndrangheta made of this crime; highlights the impact that national economic transformations and the state had on the increase of this phenomenon; and demonstrates how for the Italian underworld, kidnapping was both a reaction to and a means of modernisation. It also argues that particularly in the case of the ’Ndrangheta, kidnapping became a veritable industry.

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27

Tian, Yang, and Shugen Ma. "Kidnapping Detection and Recognition in Previous Unknown Environment." Journal of Sensors 2017 (2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6468427.

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An unaware event referred to as kidnapping makes the estimation result of localization incorrect. In a previous unknown environment, incorrect localization result causes incorrect mapping result in Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) by kidnapping. In this situation, the explored area and unexplored area are divided to make the kidnapping recovery difficult. To provide sufficient information on kidnapping, a framework to judge whether kidnapping has occurred and to identify the type of kidnapping with filter-based SLAM is proposed. The framework is called double kidnapping detection and recognition (DKDR) by performing two checks before and after the “update” process with different metrics in real time. To explain one of the principles of DKDR, we describe a property of filter-based SLAM that corrects the mapping result of the environment using the current observations after the “update” process. Two classical filter-based SLAM algorithms, Extend Kalman Filter (EKF) SLAM and Particle Filter (PF) SLAM, are modified to show that DKDR can be simply and widely applied in existing filter-based SLAM algorithms. Furthermore, a technique to determine the adapted thresholds of metrics in real time without previous data is presented. Both simulated and experimental results demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the proposed method.

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28

Ani, Kelechi Johnmary, and Eugene Ndubuisi Nweke. "Curbing Kidnapping in Nigeria: An Exploration of Strategic Peace Building Tools." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v2i1.46.

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The increasing growth of kidnapping inNigeria has become a strong threat tonational peace and security. It has affected the national image of the state and has eaten deep into every region and segmentof the nation. This work unveils howidentity fanaticism and political violence led to emergence of economy of violence referred as "kidnapping” in Nigeria. Upon this circumstance, the paper argues that peace building is a potent strategic tool that can eliminates kidnapping and other terror related crime from Nigeria by ensuring that violent actors and their sponsors embrace peace while exploring other non-violent mechanisms for resolving such differences that trigger kidnapping in the Nigerian state. It adds that adequate public information process, a behavioural change messages and actions that return the mindsets of of kidnapping into the life of rule of law and peaceful coexistence, eliminates the network of organized crime used by kidnappers to carry out its nefarious activities. Essentially eradication of kidnapping restores security climate for establishment of democratic culture, promotion of national development, and foreign direct investment.

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29

Kankara, Ibrahim Sani, and Fatima Abdullahi. "From Chibok Girls to Kankara Boys: An Overview of Parameters Surrounding the Kidnapping of Kankara School Children in Katsina State, Nigeria 1987-2019." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. II (2024): 2511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.802180.

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This paper account for the history of arm conflict between the herdsmen and farmers in southern Katsina Emirate. The kidnapping of Chibok Girls in 2014 was an eye opener to the bandits associated with the kidnapping of school children across the states of Katsina, Zamfara, Kaduna, Kebbi and Niger. Scholars generally associate the present stage of conflict between the farmers and fulani herdsmen as the root caused of the present spede of kidnapping and cattle rustling that affects the the north-western states of Katsina, Zamfara and Sokoto states. The paper argues that the banditry in Katsina state especially Kankara areas in particular pre-date the present state of kidnapping in the area. Kidnapping of 344 children of Government Science Secondary School Kankara on the 11th December 2020, marked a landmark in the history of arm conflict affecting the area and other communities bordering the forest of Katsina and Zamfara States. This paper argues that the Boko Haram (BH) insurgency, environmental and other social parameters greatly contribute to the spate of kidnapping in the area.

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30

Olulowo, Segun Ayotunde, Solomon Taiwo Babawale, Solomon Taiwo Babawale, and Kehinde Michael Anani. "An Examination of the Causes of Kidnapping and Its Attendant Challenges in Ogun State, Nigeria." Journal of Religion and Human Relations 13, no. 1 (July 22, 2021): 133–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jrhr.v13i1.7.

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Kidnappers have become thorns in the flesh of citizens and foreigners domicile in Ogun state. The paper examines causes of kidnapping and its consequences, investigates the roles of schools, religion and government in tackling the problem. The paper adopted a descriptive method; questionnaires were administered among Churches in Ogun State. Analysis revealed quest for ransom, revenge, rituals, Poverty, youth’s unemployment, and many more. Kidnappings have economic, political, social and psychological impacts. The paper proposed families, schools, religion and government interventions, strengthening the culture of hard work and stepping up of religious ethical teachings.

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31

Castillo-Valencia, María. "How long-duration kidnapping might have affected the preferences of FARC-EP operatives?" Análisis Político 32, no. 95 (January 1, 2019): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/anpol.v32n95.80980.

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Based on the announcement of the FARC-EP or Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces – People’s Army, that will give up kidnapping and start a general agreement with the Colombian government for the termination of the Conflict in 2012, this paper examines how long-duration kidnapping might have affected some operatives’ preferences in the organization, reflected in a high desertion rate of operatives in a period of Colombian history characterized by many high-profile kidnappings. I applied two approaches —one from Phillips and Pohl and the other from Shapiro—to discuss an alternative explanation for a change in the behavior of some FARC-EP operatives. The main result of this paper is to show that different approaches from economic theory may explain why some operatives change their preferences in spite of such preferences were considered unchangeable. Two factors affect scenarios in which operatives make decisions: i) the leadership’s decisions in which operatives don’t take part due to the organization’s top-down decision-making structure, which reduces any space for operatives’ participation, and ii) the external conditions that indirectly depend on the behavior of the organization as a whole.

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32

Abramova, Svetlana. "Some Features of the Tactics of the Investigative Examination in Criminal Cases of Kidnapping." Legal Concept, no. 2 (July 2023): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lc.jvolsu.2023.2.21.

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Introduction. Kidnapping belongs to the category of the most dangerous crimes that encroach on the freedom and personal inviolability of a person. Kidnapping is the most often committed by organized criminal groups to ensure other, no less dangerous, criminal activities. This circumstance causes certain difficulties in the detection and investigation of kidnapping, which in turn requires constant improvement of private methods of investigation of these crimes. The purpose of the paper is based on the analysis of the available literature and the practice of investigating criminal cases to further improve the tactics of conducting an investigative examination in the detection of kidnapping. Methods. To achieve the tasks set by the author, general scientific (analysis, synthesis) and specific scientific (formal legal) research methods are used. Results. The investigative examination in cases of kidnapping has its own characteristics due to the peculiarity of the method of committing the crime. The “trace picture” remains as a result of the preparation, commission, and concealment of such actions by criminals as the capture of the kidnapped people, their transportation, and their detention. The paper presents the investigative situations, the combination of which affects the choice of tactics for conducting an investigative examination in cases of kidnapping, determining the place and time of the examination, and provides a list of objects and traces that should be detected and seized during certain types of examination in cases of kidnapping. Conclusions. The paper identifies the features and problems of the investigative examination, provides recommendations for improving the tactics of certain types of examination conducted in cases of kidnapping, and identifies the problems that require legislative resolution.

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33

Demirderik, Hülya. "Bride Kidnapping in Kyrgyzstan." Visual Anthropology Review 22, no. 2 (October 2006): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/var.2006.22.2.74.

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34

Keenan, John F., and Ludovic Kennedy. "The Lindbergh Kidnapping Revisited." Michigan Law Review 84, no. 4/5 (February 1986): 819. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1288851.

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35

Kopel, Jonathan. "Anatomy of a Kidnapping." Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings 33, no. 1 (October 11, 2019): 144–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08998280.2019.1664222.

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Aramoni, Rebeca. "The vacuum of kidnapping." International Forum of Psychoanalysis 28, no. 1 (September 10, 2018): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0803706x.2017.1356935.

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Teebay, Linda. "Kidnapping, an investigator's guide." Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 27 (October 2014): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2014.08.009.

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Obileye, Abolaji Adewale, and Kayode George. "TRENDS OF KIDNAPPING AND HOSTAGE TAKING IN 21ST CENTURY NIGERIA: A REFLECTIVE DISCOURSE." Caleb Journal of Social and Management Sciences 06, no. 01 (August 31, 2021): 144–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26772/cjsms2021060108.

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Kidnapping and hostage taking activities have geometrically increased across the world, taking different forms. These activities for money and other reasons have contributed immensely to the state of insecurity of average Nigerian from within and outside the territory. It is on this note that this paper addresses the trends of kidnapping and hostage taking in Nigeria, its causes, implications and how best to arrest the worrisome situation. Relevant existing body of knowledge were reviewed according to the objectives of the paper. The research design for the paper was explanatory in nature where rational choice theory, routine activity theory and situational crime prevention were adopted to buttress the understanding of the subject matter. Based on the reviewed literature, it was found that the trend of kidnapping and hostage taking in the 21st century Nigeria is on the “high” side thereby needing urgent attention from all stakeholders; Nigerian government, non-governmental organisations, private bodies and all citizens. It is, therefore, recommended that increased effort to fight kidnapping and hostage taking should be made possible by the Nigerian government. This would make the risk of involving in kidnapping related activities higher than the expected benefit; to deter offenders and potential ones from committing such act. Also, capturing the geographical boundary of Nigeria with sophisticated gadget will help reduce the chances of being a victim of kidnapping. These strategies would make kidnapping unattractive to the motivated offender since the opportunity to commit such crime no longer exists.

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Agunbiade, Olabode. "Identifying the Economic Rationale for Criminal Behavior within the Context of Kidnapping for Ransom in Nigeria." African Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development 2, no. 2 (March 19, 2024): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajesd-fddxziuf.

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This study endeavoured to formulate an economic rationale for why human beings commit crime, particularly the heinous crime against persons known as kidnapping. This forms the major objective of this study. The issue of kidnapping has attained such significance in Nigeria that the country was recently listed as sixth on the global kidnap index, putting Nigeria amongst countries with serious kidnapping problems, behind Philippines, Venezuela, Columbia, Brazil and Mexico. Utilising secondary data, the study applied functionalist theoretical assumptions and employed Qualitative Document Analysis (QDA), thereby utilising a qualitative approach to gain an in-depth understanding of the causes, nature and quantum of kidnapping for ransom in Nigeria. The theoretical framework that governed this study was Becker’s Rational Choice model, where an individual’s decision to commit a crime is based on the costs and benefits analysis. The study revealed that kidnapping for ransom in Nigeria is a multifaceted phenomenon with social, economic, political, cultural and demographic ramifications. Our study further showed that there are many economic causes of the spate of kidnapping in Nigeria. Prominent among them are unemployment, poverty, low literacy level and high rate of school dropouts, increasing urbanisation, multidimensional inequality, low real income, and spiraling inflationary trends, among others. We recommended that government should tackle this menace head-on by instituting measures to reduce poverty, creating enabling environment for more productivity; thus, leading to increased employment, increasing school enrolment and improving educational infrastructure, reducing rural-urban migration to make the rural areas worthwhile to live in, discouraging ransom payments to free captives and instituting stiffer laws against kidnapping.

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Ömürbek Kızı, Asel. "Kırgızistan Tarihinde Kız Kaçırma." Journal of Social Research and Behavioral Sciences 7, no. 14 (February 25, 2021): 424–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52096/jsrbs.7.14.20.

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Kidnapping of girls has become one of the most burning social problems of the Kyrgyz society. Today, Kyrgyz girls are kidnapped and married against their will. In total, from 10,000 to 15,000 girls are kidnapped in Kyrgyzstan every year. According to the UN, every fifth marriage in the republic is the result of bride kidnapping. Is bride kidnapping a custom or a crime? Key words: Abduction, crime, bride, gender inequality, social inequality

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Tazzioli, Martina, and Nicholas De Genova. "Kidnapping migrants as a tactic of border enforcement." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 38, no. 5 (May 22, 2020): 867–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775820925492.

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This article identifies and analyses the tactic of kidnapping migrants that is increasingly deployed by states to disrupt, decelerate, and block migrants’ mobility. Kidnapping, we argue, is one of the political technologies of capture used by state authorities in their efforts to reassert control over migratory movements. This analysis contributes to a new understanding of the politics of border enforcement through strategies aimed at the containment of migration. The article focuses on the U.S.–Mexico border and the European border in the Mediterranean Sea as crucial sites where states have increasingly engaged in heterogenous modes of kidnapping.It also considers migrant struggles against these diverse kidnapping tactics. Through a focus on kidnapping, the article expands how we understand border violence and interrogates accounts of the biopolitics and necropolitics of borders that rely on the overly reductive formula of ‘making live/letting die’. The article concludes by highlighting how the critical examination of kidnapping migrants allows us to trace affinities and partial continuities among various historical modes of racialised subjugation that have affected both contemporary migrants and previously colonised populations.

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Raharja, I. Komang Oka, Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi Dewi, and Luh Putu Suryani. "Penculikan Anak oleh Orang Tua (Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Negeri Gianyar)." Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum 1, no. 2 (October 28, 2020): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jkh.2.1.2543.388-392.

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Every neglected children must be given protection from institutions or laws which aims at protecting their rights. Children have often been victims of crimes, one of which is kidnapping. Regarding the kidnapping of children, Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection stipulates that the incidents of kidnapping and neglected children by parents can cause physical and psychological harms to those neglected children and the unfulfillment of their rights. Therefore, it is necessary to impose criminal sanctions on parents or other people who neglect children. Grounded by this, the problems examined in the present research are: How is the legal protection for children from kidnapping by parents regulated? What are the legal sanctions against parents who commit kidnapping over their children? The research method used in this research is normative juridical, with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Data were analysed using a qualitative-normative method. Based on the results of data analysis, the regulation of legal protection for children from kidnapping committed by parents is that every parent shall ensure the fulfillment of children’s rights so that they can live, grow and develop and participate optimally in accordance with human dignity, so that they receive protection from violence and discrimination for the sake of the realisation of Indonesian children who are qualified, noble and prosperous. The legal sanctions against parents kidnapping their children are regulated in Article 330 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code jo. Article 55 paragraph (1) to 1 KUHP with due observance of Article 330 paragraph (2) KUHP jo. Article 55 paragraph (1) to 1 of the Criminal Code and Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Law and applicable laws and regulations.

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Yasmin, Samina, Shahbaz Khalid, and Sarfraz. "Depiction of Violence on Women in Partition Literature: A Feministic Study." Global Language Review VII, no. I (March 30, 2022): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(vii-i).11.

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The current study focuses on the hardships and anguish faced by women during the partition of the subcontinent. The independence of Pakistan and India is the basis for this split. Accidental deaths of divisional armed forces soldiers are used to demonstrate the division's involvement in a national struggle. Women are perceived as subordinates' representations by males of the opposing community and their co-religious organizations as a target for retribution, according to partition literature examined through a Feminist lens. As depicted in literary representations, violence, kidnapping, forced marriages, noble assassinations, loss of identity, and kidnapping as a result of nationalistic, cultural, and racial struggles between the people of a newly built state and the people of another state during migration all result in violence, kidnapping, forced marriages,noble assassinations, loss of identity, and kidnapping.

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Abdullahi, Haruna Ishola, Olayiwola Oluwajenyo Fasoranti, and Chiedu Akporaro Abrifor. "Felson and Cohens` Routine Activity Theory and Waves of Kidnapping in Nigeria A Theoretical Exploration of Criminal Enterprise." Journal of History and Social Sciences 13, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 01–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.46422/jhss.v13i1.190.

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Kidnapping is a global issue that affects every aspect of human endeavour. This violent crime is linked to wide spread unemployment, poor governance, border insecurity, illegal possession of arms and ammunitions. Kidnapping for ransom has consequences for global peace and security. In Nigeria, kidnapping creates apprehension in almost all spheres of human endeavors. It leads to loss of lives and properties, death, loss of investment, reduced educational standard and diversion of government from critical areas. The previous studies have not been able to deal with this area. To address inadequate literature on kidnapping and improve on the body of knowledge, this study addresses Marcus Felson routine activity and waves of kidnapping. The study adopts qualitative research method. Data was obtained secondarily through the content analysis of peer-reviewed journals, edited book chapters, newspaper reports and credible online sources. Findings show kidnappers who were the motivated offenders, adopted their victims because of adequate protection. The paper recommends adequate electronic security by government at all levels. This paper will be significant to individuals, employers, security organizations, government at various levels, non-governmental organizations and researcher’s in the field of social and management sciences.

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Stoianova, Tatiana, and Inna Iliopol. "CHILDREN`S KIDNAPPING: PROBLEMS OF CIVIL REGULATION IN EU AND UKRAINE." Journal of International Legal Communication 4 (March 31, 2022): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32612/uw.27201643.2022.1.pp.19-30.

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Nowadays the issue of children’s kidnapping remains open. Statistics confirms that the phenomenon of children’s kidnapping has an extraordinary nature: according to the data of the European Commission, 250 thousand children in the EU are lost annually, i.e.1 child per each 2 minutes. The civil law aspect of children’s kidnapping, in contrast to the criminal law, is very poorly regulated at the international level. There are no effective and urgent mechanisms for mutual cooperation between countries, which complicates the search and return of children; in many EU countries, including Ukraine, there are no special jurisdictional bodies responsible for the comprehensive regulation of this problem; there is no mechanism for supporting and rehabilitating the affected family and the returned child. The article considers the problems of an integrated approach to the issue of children’s kidnapping and emphasizes the need to consider this problem in the field of several sciences – psychology, sociology and jurisprudence. The study contains the analysis of the legal regulation of the basic legislative acts of the EU and Ukraine, the problems of practical implementation in 1980, the mechanism of the Hague Convention, the most common concept of “children’s kidnapping” was offered, children’s kidnapping was classified in criminal and civil legal aspect. As one of the most important ways to implement the Hague Convention it was proposed enhancement process of cooperation between the special EU bodies and Ukraine, authorized to deal with issues of children's return, including the creation of special bodies dealing with the problem of returning children and their psychological rehabilitation.

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Shofiu, Rasheed Adewuyi, and Abdulaziz Isiaka. "Kwara-Central undergraduates’ perceived peer pressures on youths involvement in kidnapping." Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) 15, no. 1 (June 6, 2020): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v15i1.15025.

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This study examined Kwara central undergraduates’ perceived peer pressure on youths’ involvement in kidnapping. This study was a descriptive survey. The population comprised of all undergraduates in Kwara Central Senatorial District. The target population was undergraduates from University of Ilorin and Alhikmah University, 500 students were randomly selected. A researcher design questionnaire was used for data collection while data collected were analyzed using frequency and percentage, mean, standard deviation (SD), ranking T-test and one-way analysis of variance. Research hypotheses were tested using independent T-test and also one-way analysis of variance at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that peer pressure influences youth involvement in kidnapping in Nigeria; there was no significant difference in the influence of peer pressure on youth’s involvement in kidnapping as perceived by undergraduates based on academic level and school type. It was concluded that peer pressure influences youths’ involvement in kidnapping in Nigeria. We recommend both school and home adequate monitoring of students peers and friends at home and schools to prevent them from bad groups, adequate legislation to curb youth participation in kidnapping, good leadership examples for young ones to emulate and value reorientation of youths should be given top priority in educational curriculum.

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Omonijo, Dare O., Michael C. Anyaegbunam, Chidozie B. Obiorah, Samuel N. C. Nwagbo, Caleb A. Ayedun, Victoria Ajibola Adeleke, Elizabeth I. Olowookere, Jonathan A. Odukoya, and Chioma Agubo. "Examining the Social Problem of Kidnapping as a Reaction Against Injustice in Nigeria." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 8, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ajis-2019-0029.

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Abstract Although, studies have shown several cases of kidnapping in both developed and developing countries but the case of a developing country like Nigeria is seems to be pathetic and worrisome, largely because of its contributions to the ancient slave trade that greatly affected several Nigerians for many centuries in the past. With such awful experiences in the past and its contribution to backwardness of the human race, one would have thought that cases of kidnapping would never occur in Nigeria, but the reverse has been the case in the contemporary. Hence, several studies have emerged on the subject of kidnapping in recent times. However, it could be observed that these studies are strongly connected with rituals power, wealth and traditional purposes. While the nature of the Nigerian society which is characterised by injustice and its contributions to the menace of kidnapping has been hitherto neglected in academic literature. The present study intends to address this flaw in knowledge by addressing the three research questions raised. Being a review paper, the study engaged secondary data in collecting relevant information to analyse and illustrate questions raised. The study argues that if the current high level of injustice in Nigeria could be reduced, there may be a corresponding reduction in the cases of kidnapping.

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Saunders, George R., and David I. Kertzer. "The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara." Anthropological Quarterly 72, no. 3 (July 1999): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3317433.

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Oviedo-Córdoba, Myriam, and Marieta Quintero-Mejía. "Kidnapping: a fracture narrative identity." Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud 12, no. 1 (March 11, 2014): 339–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.12120071313.

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Bruce, Victoria, and Karin Hayes. "The Kidnapping of Ingrid Betancourt." Journal of Latin American Anthropology 10, no. 2 (November 2005): 486–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jlat.2005.10.2.486.

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