Academic literature on the topic 'Kidney and liver histopathology'

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Journal articles on the topic "Kidney and liver histopathology"

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DeBowes, Linda J., Derek Mosier, Ellen Logan, Colin E. Harvey, Stephen Lowry, and Daniel C. Richardson. "Association of Periodontal Disease and Histologic Lesions in Multiple Organs from 45 Dogs." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 13, no. 2 (June 1996): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089875649601300201.

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Forty-five mixed breed dogs were evaluated for the presence and extent of periodontal disease. Histopathology was performed on samples of lung, myocardium, liver, kidney, tonsil, spleen, submandibular lymph node and tracheobronchial lymph node. Mitral valves were evaluated grossly. Statistical analysis was used to determine if there was a relationship between the extent of periodontal disease and histopathologic changes in the tissues examined. In the forty-five dogs studied, an association was found between periodontal disease and histopathologic changes in kidney, myocardium (papillary muscle), and liver.
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Wakawa, A. I., and S. B. Audu. "Histopathological alterations in gills, kidney and liver of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings exposed to aqueous leaf extract of Desert Date (Balanites aegyptiaca)." Zoologist (The) 18, no. 1 (April 8, 2021): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tzool.v18i1.12.

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One of the many biomarkers for determining the effects of pollutants on fish is changes in organ histopathology. Leaves of Balanites aegyptiaca have been reported to have phytochemicals with fish anaesthetic property. This study sought to determine the effect of graded acute concentrations (200.00, 250.00, 300.00.350.00 and 400.00 mg/L) of B. aegyptiaca on histopathology of gills, kidney and liver of mixed sex of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. A total of 120 O. niloticus fingerlings (mean weight 23±0.03 g and mean total length 12.50±0.39 cm) were exposed to the plant extract. Paraffin wax method and haematoxylin-eosin staining techniques of tissue processing were adopted for the examination of the gills, kidney and liver. Dose-dependent histopathological changes were observed in the three organs (gills, kidney and liver) i.e. histopathological alterations increase with increase in concentration of the plant extract. Gills showed lamellae fusion, haemorrhage, desquamation, atrophy and secondary lamellae erosion while kidney and liver indicated atrophy, necrosis, haemorrhage, hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Structural alterations were evident in the gills, kidney and liver of O. niloticus fingerlings exposed to the concentrations of aqueous crude leaf extract of B. aegyptiaca therefore it should be used with caution during fish anaesthesia. Keywords: Histopathology; Gill; Kidney; Liver; Balanites aegyptiaca; Oreochromis niloticus.
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Sugihartini, Nining, and M. Alif Fajri. "Gambaran Histopatologi Organ Hati dan Ginjal Mencit Balb/c setelah Pemberian Krim Ekstrak Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis L.)." JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA 3, no. 1 (August 4, 2017): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v3i1.4092.

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Background:Development of green tea extract formulation with the addition of enhancers to increase the ability of epigallocatechin gallate to penetrate the skin layers has been done. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of green tea extract cream that containing enhancers on the profile of kidney and liver histopathology. Methods: The study used 4 groups which each group was treated with different concentrations of extract (2,0%; 2,5%; 3,0%; 3,5%) and 1 control group. After 24 hours and 14 days of application of the cream, the mice were sacrificed. The liver and kidneys were weighed and made preparations histopathology. Results: The results of the study showed that there similar (p>0,05) of the weight ratio of the liver and kidneys of Balb/c mice after 24 hours and 14 days. As well the histopathological test indicated that there similar (p>0,05) of the liver and kidneys after 24 hours and 14 days of administration of green tea extract cream. Conclusions: The levels concentration of green tea extract in cream (2,0%; 2,5%; 3,0%; 3,5%) that contain enhancers do not affect the liver and kidney histopathological of Balb/c mice.
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Sugihartini, Nining, and M. Alif Fajri. "Gambaran Histopatologi Organ Hati dan Ginjal Mencit Balb/c setelah Pemberian Krim Ekstrak Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis L.)." JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA 3, no. 1 (August 4, 2017): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v3i12016.32-38.

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Background:Development of green tea extract formulation with the addition of enhancers to increase the ability of epigallocatechin gallate to penetrate the skin layers has been done. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of green tea extract cream that containing enhancers on the profile of kidney and liver histopathology. Methods: The study used 4 groups which each group was treated with different concentrations of extract (2,0%; 2,5%; 3,0%; 3,5%) and 1 control group. After 24 hours and 14 days of application of the cream, the mice were sacrificed. The liver and kidneys were weighed and made preparations histopathology. Results: The results of the study showed that there similar (p>0,05) of the weight ratio of the liver and kidneys of Balb/c mice after 24 hours and 14 days. As well the histopathological test indicated that there similar (p>0,05) of the liver and kidneys after 24 hours and 14 days of administration of green tea extract cream. Conclusions: The levels concentration of green tea extract in cream (2,0%; 2,5%; 3,0%; 3,5%) that contain enhancers do not affect the liver and kidney histopathological of Balb/c mice.
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Alwelaie, Manar A., Mohsen G. Al-Mutary, Nikhat J. Siddiqi, Maha M. Arafah, Abdullah S. Alhomida, and Haseeb A. Khan. "Time-Course Evaluation of Iminodipropionitrile-Induced Liver and Kidney Toxicities in Rats: A Biochemical, Molecular and Histopathological Study." Dose-Response 17, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 155932581985223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559325819852233.

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Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) is known to produce axonopathy and vestibular hair cell degeneration. Recent histopathological studies have shown IDPN-induced liver and kidney toxicities in rodents; however, the associated mechanisms are not clearly understood. We investigated the role of proinflammatory cytokines in IDPN-induced liver and kidney toxicities in rats. Rats were treated with saline (control) and IDPN (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) daily for 1, 5, and 10 days, respectively. Animals were killed 24 hours after the last dose and liver and kidneys were collected for histopathology and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α messenger RNA expression analysis. Serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities were significantly increased after 10 doses of IDPN. The level of serum creatinine was initially increased after the first dose of IDPN but subsided on days 5 and 10. Blood urea nitrogen levels were significantly increased on days 5 and 10 following IDPN exposure. Histopathology showed dose-dependent hepatotoxicity in IDPN-treated rats. Iminodipropionitrile-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines peaked after day 1 in liver and after day 5 in kidneys. In conclusion, repeated exposure of IDPN for 10 days produced significant structural and functional damages in rat liver whereas kidneys showed gradual recovery with time. These findings point toward the role of inflammatory mediators in IDPN-induced toxicity in rats.
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Camargo, Marina M. P., and Cláudia B. R. Martinez. "Histopathology of gills, kidney and liver of a Neotropical fish caged in an urban stream." Neotropical Ichthyology 5, no. 3 (September 2007): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252007000300013.

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Histological changes in gills, kidney and liver were used to evaluate the health of the Neotropical fish species Prochilodus lineatus, subjected to in situ tests for 7 days in a disturbed urban stream and in a reference site, during winter and summer. In fish caged in the urban stream the most common lesions were epithelial lifting, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the respiratory epithelium, lamellar fusion, and aneurysms in the gills; enlargement of the glomerulus, reduction of Bowman's space, occlusion of the tubular lumen, cloudy swelling and hyaline droplet degeneration in the kidneys; hepatocytes with hypertrophy, cytoplasmic and nuclear degeneration, melanomacrophage aggregates, bile stagnation and one case of focal necrosis in the liver. The lesions were comparatively most severe in the liver. Histopathology showed to be a very suitable biomarker for use in conjugation with the in situ test, because the seasonal variation did not interfere in the results and it was possible to differentiate the sites in the urban stream from the reference site.
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El-Shenawy, Nahla S., Rasha A. Al-Eisa, Fawzia El-Salmy, and Omema Salah. "Prophylactic effect of vitamin E against hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, haematological indices and histopathology induced by diazinon insecticide in mice." Current Zoology 55, no. 3 (June 1, 2009): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/55.3.219.

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Abstract Considering that the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the toxicity of various pesticides, this study was designed to study the ameliorative effect of Vitamin E (100 mg/kg body weight) on mice (25 - 30 mg) treated with diazinon (32.5 or 16.25 mg/kg body weight) organophosphate insecticide for 14 days. Subchronic DZN exposure and the protective effects of vitamins E (vitE) were evaluated for their effects on haematological indices, the enzymes concerning liver damage [plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotaransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatise (AIP), and some parameters of kidney function (urea and creatinine) in mice. Additionally, the histopathological changes in liver and kidney tissue were examined. The high dose of diazinon (DZNH) decreased the body weight significantly at the end of experiment. Additionally, the liver and kidney were examines for histopathological changes. The high dose of diazinon decreased body weight significantly. Moreover, there was a statistically significant decrease in haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) and hematocrit (Hct) in diazinon-treated mice compared to controls. This decrease was partially remedied in the diazinon-treated group that also received vitE. Damage in the liver and kidney tissues was also evident as elevated plasma ALT, AST, ALP, urea and creatinine. VitE partially counteracts the toxic effect of DZN and repairs tissue damage in the liver and kidney, especially when supplemented to 1/4 LD50 intoxicated animals. Histopathological changes in liver and kidney were observed only in 32.5 mg/kg DZN given group. These results suggest that the effects of DZN are dose dependent. No pathological findings were observed in vitE + DZN treated groups. According to the present study, we conclude that vitE can reduce the detrimental impacts of diazinon on haematological indicies, as well as liver and kidney function.
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Lutfiyah, Lailatul. "Sublethal Toxicity of Organophosphate Pesticides and its Effect on Hematology Parameter, Histopatology Hematopoietic Organ of Silver Rasbora (Rasbora argyrotaenia)." Journal of Aquaculture Science 5, no. 2 (October 26, 2020): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31093/joas.v5i2.94.

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Pesticides are pollutants that are found in rice fields and rivers. Pesticides that are often used by farmers in Indonesia in eradicating insects are organophosphate insecticides, where they can eradicate insects that are very toxic to fish due to strong neurotoxic substances that inhibit AchE (Acetylcholinesterase) activity. The research aims to examine the effect of organophosphate pesticides on hematology and histopathology of hematopoietic organs in silver rasbora fish. The research method used is an experimental method with a CRD. The parameters observed were hematology and histopathology hematopoietic organ (liver and kidney). The results of this study showed a hematological change in silver rasbora fish where there was a decrease in total erythrocytes (0,59±0,004) and hemoglobin (2,5±0,1) while total leukocytes increased (245,35±15,78). Also, there are differential changes in leukocytes, namely an increased in the number of monocytes (5±1) and neutrophils (24±3), but lymphocytes have decreased in number (72±1). The Histopathology of the fish liver also can found in this research, those damages that are found are erythrocyte infiltration, necrosis picnosis, and karyolysis. Histopathology of fish kidney also can found cloudy sweling, necrosis karyolysis and tubular necrosis.
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& et al., Mustafa. "HISTOPATHOLOGYANDLEVELOF BIOACCUMULATION OFSOME HEAVY METALS IN FISH, CARASOBARBUSLUTEUS AND CYPRINUSCARPIOTISSUES CAUGHTFROM TIGRIS RIVER, BAGHDAD." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 51, no. 2 (April 26, 2020): 698–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v51i2.997.

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This study was undertaken to detect the histopathology and level of bioaccumulation of lead and cadmium in water and in some freshwater fish (Carasobarbus luteus and Cyprinus carpio) tissues caught from Tigers River. A total of 100 water samples and 100 fish specimens (kidney, gills, liver and muscle) were collected from three sites of Tigris River. These samples were used to detect Pb and Cd via Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry.Results exhibited high concentrations of Pb and Cd in water samples (>0.03 for both metals) and insome organs of the selected fish. It was observed that the levels of Pb and Cd accumulated in most organs (kidneys being most influenced) followed by gills, livers and muscles at three sites. The levels of these heavy metals were much above the maximum acceptable limit recommended by FAO and WHO. Histopathology was also conducted where heavy damages were noticed in both livers and gills in both fish species. The current study present data about increasing pollution in the Tigris River and it approves that it is having strong impact on fish health and on human beings.
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Demetris, Anthony J., John G. Lunz III, Parmjeet Randhawa, Tong Wu, Michael Nalesnik, and Angus W. Thomson. "Monitoring of human liver and kidney allograft tolerance: a tissue/histopathology perspective." Transplant International 22, no. 1 (January 2009): 120–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-2277.2008.00765.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Kidney and liver histopathology"

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Tagliaferro, Aline Fernanda. "Avaliação da toxicidade aguda do inseticida endosulfan em alevinos de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), com o emprego de biomarcadores histologicos." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317910.

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Orientador: Sarah Arana
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Dado o registro de endosulfan nas bacias do Pantanal Mato-Grossense, o risco para os organismos aquáticos que esse agrotóxico promove e a falta de informações sobre sua ação na ictiofauna dessa região, esta pesquisa objetivou verificar a sensibilidade do pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus, ao endosulfan. Para a realização da intoxicação aguda (96h) em sistema estático, alevinos foram expostos às seguintes concentrações de endosulfan: 0; 0,71; 1,43; 2,14; 2,86; 3,57; 4,29 e 5µgL-1. Após 96h, os exemplares sobreviventes foram necropsiados e amostras de brânquia, fígado e rim foram colhidas para análise histopatológica, qualitativa e semi-quantitativa. A Concentração Letal Média (CL50) obtida foi de 5,66µgL-1 (24h) e 4,33µgL-1 (96h). Alterações branquiais e hepáticas foram perceptíveis à microscopia de luz (ML) e à microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET), já no rim somente alterações à MET foram detectadas. Nas brânquias, lamelas secundárias com hipertrofia do epitélio, telangectasia e destacamento epitelial foram as principais alterações. Já no fígado notaram-se degeneração hidrópica, inclusão nuclear, inclusão hialina e vacuolização citoplasmática, como as alterações mais frequentes. Entre as alterações à MET, de modo geral, as mais frequentes foram: alterações mitocondriais, presença de figura de mielina, alteração e/ou perda de microvilos e aumento do espaço intercelular. Embora, alguns exemplares apresentaram alterações celulares frequentes e severas, sugerindo sério dano induzido pelo endosulfan, a análise semi-quantitativa indicou grande variabilidade interindividual. Este último dado sugere fortemente, que a avaliação de biomarcadores histológicos de contaminação aquática deve ser acompanhada de avaliação semi-quantitativa das alterações induzidas associada à análise estatística, para uma fiel indicação do dano provocado à população de organismos-teste. Finalmente, o pacu mostrou-se um bom bioindicador de contaminação aquática por endosulfan o qual se mostrou extremamente tóxico para essa espécie. Assim, espera-se que esta pesquisa venha contribuir efetivamente para o estabelecimento de normas mais rigorosas, ou até mesmo a proibição, da utilização do endosulfan em território brasileiro à semelhança de outros países.
Abstract: The records of endosulfan in river basins of the Patanal wetlands in the state of Mato Grosso (Brazil), the risk to aquatic organisms and lack of information on the action of this pesticide on fish fauna in this region stimulated the present study, which aim was to determine the sensitivity of the pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) to endosulfan. For the acute intoxication test (96h) in a static system, fingerlings were exposed to the following concentrations of endosulfan: 0; 0.71; 1.43; 2.14; 2.86; 3.57; 4.29 and 5µgL-1. After 96h, the specimens were necropsied and samples were taken from the gill, liver and kidney for qualitative and semi-quantitative histopathological analysis. The Mean Lethal Concentration (LC50) was 5.66µgL-1 (24h) and 4.33µgL-1 (96h). Gill and liver alterations were visible through light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM); alterations in the kidney were only detected through TEM. The main alterations in the gills were secondary lamellae with epithelial hypertrophy, telangiectasis and epithelial lifting. The most frequent alterations in the liver were hydropic degeneration, hyaline inclusion and cytoplasmic vacuolization. The most frequent TEM findings were mitochondrial alterations, the presence of myelin figure, alterations in and/or loss of microvilli and increase in intercellular space. Although some specimens frequently exhibited severe cell alterations suggesting serious damage induced by endosulfan, the semi-quantitative analysis revealed considerable interindividual variability. This strongly suggests that the evaluation of histological biomarkers of aquatic contamination should be accompanied by a semi-quantitative assessment of alterations associated with statistical analysis in order to obtain a faithful indication of the damage caused to the population of test organisms. The pacu proved to be a good bioindicator of aquatic contamination by endosulfan, which proved to be extremely toxic to this species. It is hoped that the present study can effectively to contribute toward the establishment of stricter norms or even the banning of the use of endosulfan in Brazil, as has occurred in other countries.
Mestrado
Histologia
Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
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Kolber, Milton. "Emprego do Hamster sírio (Mesocricetus auratus) como modelo biológico para a indução de portador renal de leptospiras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-27082007-100854/.

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O emprego do hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) como modelo biológico experimental para a reprodução da condição de portador renal de leptospiras foi investigado em machos e fêmeas jovens com 80 a 120 g de peso vivo. Os animais foram experimentalmente infectados com estirpe patogênica do sorovar Pomona caracterizada por provocar a morte por leptospirose entre o quinto e o décimo dia pós-infecção. No segundo dia pós-infecção os animais foram tratados com estolato de eritromicina, nas concentrações de 10, 20, 40 e 80 mg/kg de peso vivo. Aos 30 dias, da infecção experimental os sobreviventes foram anestesiados com isofluorano e procedeu-se a colheita de sangue para a determinação dos indicadores da função hepática e renal (Proteínas totais, Albumina, Uréia, Creatinina, Fosfatase Alcalina, Alanina Aminotransferase, Aspartato Aminotransferase, Bilirrubinas Indireta, Bilirrubinas Direta e Bilirrubinas Totais), bem como o titulo de aglutininas pela prova de soro aglutinação microscópica. A seguir, com o aprofundamento da anestesia, os animais foram submetidos a eutanásia e necropsiados para a colheita de tecido renal e hepático destinados aos exames histopatológicos pelas colorações de Hematoxilina - Eosina e Warthin- Starry, bem como do isolamento de leptospiras por cultivo em meio de Fletcher. Houve controles do inóculo infeccioso, do tratamento com antibiótico e do sistema de manejo adotado. O número de DL 50 efetivamente empregadas no inóculo infeccioso foi de 7,11. No grupo controle do antibiótico foi constatado elevação do nível de fosfatase alcalina e degeneração vacuolares dos hepatócitos para as concentrações de 40 a 80 mg de antibiótico. Os portadores renais de leptospira foram obtidos entre os animais tratados com 40 ou 80 mg de estolato de eritromicina, independentemente do sexo; estes animais apresentaram elevação dos níveis séricos de creatinina e proteínas totais já as determinações de albumina, uréia, alanina aminotrasferase, aspartato aminotransferase, bilirrubinas direta, bilirrubinas indiretas e totais foram iguais as encontradas em animais não infectados por leptospiras e não tratados com antibióticos. As alterações histológicas encontradas nos animais portadores de leptospiras foram degeneração vacuolar em hepatócitos, sangue no espaço porta, congestão glomerular. Nos animais induzidos a condição de portadores renais de leptospiras os títulos de anticorpos aglutinantes, para o sorovar homólogo ao da infecção, expressos em logaritmo de base, 10 foram iguais ou superiores a 1,19.
The use of hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) as experimental model for the reproduction of leptospires kidney carrier condition was investigated on youngs males and females with 80 to 120 g of living weight. The animals were experimentally infected with pathogenic strain of serovar Pomona able of causing the death by leptospirosis between the fifth and the tenth post-infection day. On the second day post-infection the animals were treated with erythromycin estolate at the concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/ kg of living weight. At the 30th day of experimental infection the survivors were anesthetized with isoflurane and blood sample were collected for the determination of kidney and liver functions (Total proteins, Albumin, Urea, Creatinine, Alkaline Phosphatase, Alanine Aminotransferase, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Indirect Bilirubins, Direct Bilirubins and Total Bilirubins), and the of agglutinine title by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). The animals were killed whit the reinforcement of the anesthesis, and necropsied for the collection of kidney and liver sample for histopathologic tests by staining of Hematoxylin-Eosina and Warthin-Starry, such as the isolation of leptospiras by cultivation into Fletcher´s medium. There were controls of the infecctious inoculum, antibiotic treatment and of the management system adopted. The number of DL 50 effectively applied in the infectious inoculum was 7,11. The antibiotic controls presented elevation of the alkaline phosphatase level and vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes at the concentrations of 40 to 80 mg of antibiotic. The leptospire\'s kidney carriers were obtained in the animals treated with 40 or 80 mg of Erythromycin Estolate, regardless of the sex; these animals showed increase in creatinine\'s and total protein serum levels but of albumin, urea, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, direct bilirubins, indirect bilirubins and total bilirubins were the same as found in animals not infected by leptospires and not treated with the antibiotic. The histological changes found in the animals induced as leptospires carrier were vacuolar degeneration in hepatocytes, blood in the portal tract, and glomerular congestion. The agglutinine titles for the homologous serovar, expressed on base 10 logarithm, were at least 1.19.
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Paiva, Paula Pereira de 1984. "Avaliação da intoxicação aguda induzida por atrazina em espécie da ictiofauna do pantanal mato-grossense, pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), com o emprego de biomarcadores morfológicos." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317909.

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Orientador: Sarah Arana
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Atrazina é um herbicida muito usado em agricultura intensiva e encontrado com alta freqüência em recursos hídricos na região do Pantanal Mato-grossense. Assim, devido aos riscos que a atrazina pode trazer à ictiofauna da região, foi proposta deste trabalho determinar a CL50 da atrazina em alevinos de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). A determinação da CL50 em 96 h em sistema estático, realizada em duplicata, foi conduzida em aquários de vidro com 8 peixes cada, de peso médio de 5,06±0,31g, avaliando-se as seguintes concentrações nominais de atrazina: 0; 13,2; 17,6; 22,0; 26,4; 30,8; 35,2; 39,6 mg L-1, realizando-se também análise comportamental e análise anatomopatológica. Experimento de intoxicação aguda foi realizado em duplicata, nas mesmas condições do anterior, com a concentração da CL50 obtida (28,58 mg L-1), sendo empregados 6 exemplares de peso médio 6,68±0,36g. Amostras hepáticas e mesonéfricas foram colhidas e processadas para análise de microscopia de luz (ML), realizando-se nestas amostras análise semi-quantitativa das alterações encontradas, e para análise de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). Quanto à avaliação comportamental, foram observados nos grupos tratados: o escurecimento da pigmentação da pele, várias alterações na intensidade do movimento, perda de equilíbrio e presença da ação de boquejamento. Na avaliação anatomopatológica, foram observadas nos grupos tratados: dilatação da região ventral, exoftalmia, protrusão labial, hiperemia no opérculo e em todas as nadadeiras, presença de ar e/ou água no estômago e ascite sanguinolenta. Quanto à análise histopatológica, o grupo controle apresentou a típica morfologia hepática e renal para a espécie. No grupo tratado, severas alterações histopatológicas foram observadas em ML, a mais significativa em fígado foi a presença de inclusões hialinas no citoplasma dos hepatócitos e em rim a degeneração do túbulo proximal. À MET demonstrou que a atrazina causou severas alterações de organelas membranosas, sugestivas de estresse oxidativo e peroxidação lipídica, sendo as alterações mais freqüentes no fígado: inclusão lipídica nuclear e citoplasmática, tumefação do retículo endoplasmático rugoso e de mitocôndrias, degeneração do canalículo biliar com redução na quantidade de microvilos, e em rim, no túbulo proximal (TP): vacúolos citoplasmáticos e aumento do espaço intercelular na porção basolateral, figuras de mielina, tumefação mitocondrial, e, raramente, degeneração do TP. Estas alterações são compatíveis com intoxicação química, demonstrando que estes órgãos são bons biomarcadores de contaminação aquática em peixes. E por fim, o valor da CL50 sugere que a atrazina é levemente tóxica para o pacu, porém pelos demais resultados observados se inferem que só analisar a mortalidade não é o suficiente para determinar o dano causado por agrotóxicos em peixes, assim, recomenda-se o emprego de vários biomarcadores, tais como: análises comportamentais, histopatológicas, bioquímicas, etc.
Abstract: Atrazine is a widely used herbicide in intensive agriculture and a frequent contaminant of waterways in the Pantanal region of Brazil. In view of the potential risks of atrazine to the ichthyofauna of this region, in this work we examined the LC50 of atrazine in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) fingerlings. For this study, fish (5.06 ± 0.31g; mean±SD) were housed eight per glass aquarium and exposed to various concentrations of atrazine (0, 13.2, 17.6, 22.0, 26.4, 30.8, 35.2 and 39.6 mg L-1) for 96 h in static system and this experiment was performed in duplicate, after which the LC50 was determined. Changes in fish behavior and anatomopathological analysis were monitored throughout the experiment. The histopathological alterations caused by atrazine were examined in six fish (6.68 ± 0.36g; mean±SD) using the LC50 (28.58 mg L-1) calculated from the concentration-response curve obtained above. This experiment was done in 96h in static system and performed in duplicate. Liver and mesonephric samples were processed for light microscopy (LM), performing in these samples the semi-quantitative analysis of the changes found, and for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Exposure to atrazine caused darkening of the skin, alterations in the intensity of movements, loss of balance and an increase in the frequency of gasping. Anatomopathological assessment revealed dilation of the ventral region, exophthalmia, lip protrusion, skin hyperemia in the opercular region and in all fins, the presence of air and/or water in the stomach, and bloody ascites after the herbicide exposition. The histopathological analysis revealed the typical hepatic and renal morphology for the specie, in control group. Several histopathological changes were observed in exposed fish, but the changes most significant were: in liver, the presence of hyaline inclusions in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, and proximal tubule (PT) degeneration in the kidney. The ultrastructure showed that the atrazine caused several membrane alterations suggestive of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. The most frequent in liver, TEM findings, were: nuclear and cytoplasmic lipid inclusions, swollen rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, degeneration in the bile canaliculi with a loss in the number of microvilli, and for kidney: an increase in the intercellular space of the basolateral region, myelin figures, swollen mitochondria, and, rarely, degeneration of PT. These lesions are consistent with chemical intoxication and indicate that the liver and kidney are good biomarkers of aquatic contamination in pacu. And, finally, the LC50 value suggests that atrazine is not highly toxic to pacu, however, use of mortality index in acute toxicity as the sole marker in ecotoxicological assays is inadequate and should be completed with other biomarkers such as behavioral, histopathology, biochemistry analyses, etc.
Mestrado
Histologia
Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
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4

Chan, Ting-bun, and 陳霆斌. "Comparison of surgical outcomes between post-hepatectomy HCC patients with chronic kidney disease and normal kidney." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48333475.

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Based on figure from American Association for Cancer Research (2010) & Global Cancer Statistics (2011), Liver cancer (HCC) is the sixth most frequently diagnosed cancer globally and third leading cause of cancer death (Jemal, A. et al., 2011; Jemal, A., Center, M. M., DeSantis, C. et al., 2010). In Hong Kong, Liver Cancer caused 1488 deaths in 2009 in total; it is 2nd and 4th leading killer of cancer death among Hong Kong male and female respectively (Hong Kong Cancer Registry, 2010). However, surgical resection for HCC remains as mainstream treatment modality and extensive studies on post-operative surgical outcomes for different HCC treatment modalities have been published. Nevertheless, the influence of kidney function on surgical outcomes on HCC patient stays novel and it emerges a need to explore on the relation. This study aims to compare the surgical outcomes of post hepatectomy HCC patients between reduced kidney function and normal kidney function in terms of (1) Length of hospital stay, (2) Survival rate, (3) Hospital Mortality and (4) Overall post operative complications. The kidney function can be reflected by the glomerular filtration rate (Thomas, R., Stanley, B. & Datta, S., 2007; Daugirdas, J. T., 2011). The direct measurement of GFR is a complicated and expensive procedure, which is not clinical possible to screen every patient. Thus this study adopted modified Cockcroft- Gault (CG) Formula, one type of creatinine based glomerular filtration rate estimation formulas with normalization to body surface area. Modified CG formula calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on age, body weight, body height, gender and serum creatinine level (Himmelfarb, J. & Sayegh, M. H., 2010; Daugirdas, J. T., 2011; Joanna, Q. H. & Heather A. N., 2011). The eGFR of 452 HCC patients with major hepatectomy was evaluated and categorized into different kidney function groups according to the chronic kidney disease staging system suggested by K/DOQI, National Kidney Foundation. Hence, the surgical outcomes from different kidney function groups are analyzed and compared. Length of hospital stay was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis Test. Hospital mortality and incidences of post-op complication are analyzed by Chi-square test. Lastly, the survival rate is analyzed by Kaplan-Meier Log rank test; the result is presented in form of survival curve, then 5-year survival rate of different group of samples are obtained and compared. Result of the study shows no evidence that patients with chronic kidney disease will have a longer hospital stay and more prone to surgical complications post operatively. However, it is indicated that the hospital mortality is associated with the severity of kidney function reduction and suggested that patients with chronic kidney disease are at higher risk of post-operative death than those with normal kidney. Patient with severe reduction of kidney function should be aware of high foreseeable chance of death after the surgery and special caution need to be taken. Surprisingly, the result revealed that the overall survival improves with the severity of kidney function reduction and the patients with worse kidney function are more likely to have a better survival. Nevertheless, the result on survival rate suspected to be biased by possible confounders and underlying co-morbidities of samples. In conclusion, eGFR formula is recommended in clinical estimation of kidney function for the patients. Also, it is suggested that HCC patients with reduced kidney function are more susceptible to hospital death after hepatectomy than normal individuals. Thus, cautious consideration and risk analysis before operation is particularly crucial for HCC patient with chronic kidney disease.
published_or_final_version
Medicine
Master
Master of Medical Sciences
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5

Habib, Shahid, Khalid Khan, Chiu-Hsieh Hsu, Edward Meister, Abbas Rana, and Thomas Boyer. "Differential Simultaneous Liver and Kidney Transplant Benefit Based on Severity of Liver Damage at the Time of Transplantation." ELMER PRESS INC, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625529.

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Background: We evaluated the concept of whether liver failure patients with a superimposed kidney injury receiving a simultaneous liver and kidney transplant (SLKT) have similar outcomes compared to patients with liver failure without a kidney injury receiving a liver transplantation (LT) alone. Methods: Using data from the United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) database, patients were divided into five groups based on pre-transplant model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores and categorized as not having (serum creatinine (sCr) <= 1.5 mg/dL) or having (sCr > 1.5 mg/dL) renal dysfunction. Of 30,958 patients undergoing LT, 14,679 (47.5%) had renal dysfunction, and of those, 5,084 (16.4%) had dialysis. Results: Survival in those (liver failure with renal dysfunction) receiving SLKT was significantly worse (P < 0.001) as compared to those with sCr < 1.5 mg/dL (liver failure only). The highest mortality rate observed was 21% in the 36+ MELD group with renal dysfunction with or without SLKT. In high MELD recipients (MELD > 30) with renal dysfunction, presence of renal dysfunction affects the outcome and SLKT does not improve survival. In low MELD recipients (16 - 20), presence of renal dysfunction at the time of transplantation does affect post-transplant survival, but survival is improved with SLKT. Conclusions: SLKT improved 1-year survival only in low MELD (16 - 20) recipients but not in other groups. Performance of SLKT should be limited to patients where a benefit in survival and post-transplant outcomes can be demonstrated.
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Leino, Abbie D. "Tacrolimus Intra-Subject Variability in Adherent Kidney and Liver Transplant Recipients." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1530265041482671.

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O'Callaghan, John M. "Evidence based hypothermic preservation of the kidney and liver for transplantation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2ec9083b-bdaf-4fa4-8975-f9e9624b4ccd.

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Kalin, Cigdem. "Effects Of Acrylamide And Resveratrol On Rabbit Liver And Kidney Antioxidant Enzymes." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611315/index.pdf.

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Resveratrol is one of the promising naturally occurring polyphenolic compound found in red wine having antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties. However, in vivo studies investigating the effects of resveratrol on antioxidant enzymes are limited. In the present study, we investigated, for the first time, the influence of resveratrol on liver and kidney antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers in acrylamide treated and control rabbits. New Zealand male rabbits were treated with acrylamide and resveratrol, separately in two different doses and conditions. Their combined effects were also investigated. While, acrylamide treatment significantly decreased the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in liver (1.24-fold), it was significantly increased (1.20 &ndash
1.40-fold) by combined effect of resveratrol and acrylamide in liver and kidney. Furthermore, alone resveratrol administration increased (~1.37 &ndash
fold) GPx activity in kidney. Although, glutathione reductase (GR) was found to be significantly increased (~1.30-fold) in two different dose of resveratrol treated rabbit liver, it was not changed in acrylamide and their combined treatments. Despite, glutathione (GSH) content was decreased around 1.6 fold as a result of acrylamide treatment in rabbit liver and kidney cytosols, GSH level was returned to normal levels by resveratrol tretment in rabbit liver and kidney. Furthermore, acrylamide treatment significantly increased the SDH activity in blood serum (1.68-fold) and in liver (1.27-fold) with respect to control. On the other hand, resveratrol treatment brought this activity nearly normal level in acrylamide treated rabbits.. Besides, sorbitol deydrogenase (SDH) was found to be decreased (3.13-fold) significantly in rabbit liver cytosol as a result of single dose of 100 mg/kg b.w. resveratrol treatment. Moreover, catalase activity and MDA level were not affected from either resveratrol or acrylamide and with their combination effect in investigated rabbit organs. An important liver damage marker enzyme other than ALT and AST, SDH was characterized in terms of substrate, cofactor and enzyme concentration in rabbits which have been not investigated before and found to be 200 mM, 141 µ
M and 0.5 µ
L, respectively in rabbit liver. Furthermore, the Km value was first calculated in liver of New Zealand rabbits as 55,5 mM. In addition to these, in vitro effects of resveratrol on GST activity was also studied throughout this study. Resveratrol was shown to be a noncompetitive inhibitor for liver cytosolic GST against substrate CDNB with Ki of 175 µ
M. On the other hand, resveratrol was shown to be a competitive inhibitor for liver cytosolic GST against substrate GSH with Ki of 55 µ
M. The results of the present study have demonstrated for the first time that resveratrol induced some of the antioxidant enzyme activities and as well nonenzymatic antioxidants in rabbit liver and kidney. The results of GPx, GR, SDH activities and GSH level have also suggested that resveratrol may have protective effects on acrylamide induced hepatoxicity and renal toxicity. Therefore, it may be a therapeutic approach for the oxidative stress-related diseases such as cancer. However, further in vivo studies are required to clarify the effect of resveratrol on both acrylamide-induced toxicity and bioavailability in the body.
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Herlenius, Gustaf. "Renal function after transplantation of the liver and intestine /." Gothenburg : Transplant Institute, Sahlghrenska University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/21523.

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Maathuis, M. H. J. "Organ preservation and viability in kidney and liver transplantation experimental and clinical studies /." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University Library Groningen] [Host], 2008. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/.

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Books on the topic "Kidney and liver histopathology"

1

1925-, Conn Harold O., ed. Histopathology of the liver. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.

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Erlichman, Martin. Combined liver-kidney transplantation. Rockville, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Office of Health Technology Assessment, 1995.

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Erlichman, Martin. Combined liver-kidney transplantation. Rockville, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Office of Health Technology Assessment, 1995.

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Erlichman, Martin. Combined liver-kidney transplantation. Rockville, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Office of Health Technology Assessment, 1995.

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Chung, Whan Kook. Liver diseases: An atlas of histopathology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1993.

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Burt, Alastair D. MacSween's pathology of the liver. 6th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2012.

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M, Petrovic Lydia, ed. Biopsy interpretation of the liver. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health, 2009.

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Parsons, Richard Bramwell. Cysteine metabolism in the brain, liver and kidney. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1998.

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Glomerular pathology. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 1991.

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Biopsy diagnosis of liver disease. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Kidney and liver histopathology"

1

Kelly, Paul J., Derek C. Allen, R. Iain Cameron, and Maurice B. Loughrey. "Liver." In Histopathology Specimens, 111–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57360-1_10.

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Allen, Derek C., R. Iain Cameron, and Maurice B. Loughrey. "Liver." In Histopathology Specimens, 99–110. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-673-3_10.

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Marley, N. J. E., and D. R. Davies. "Kidney." In Reporting Histopathology Sections, 169–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7132-6_10.

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Allen, Derek C. "Liver Carcinoma." In Histopathology Reporting, 95–105. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5263-7_10.

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Kelly, Paul J. "Liver Carcinoma." In Histopathology Reporting, 131–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27828-1_11.

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Allen, Derek C. "Liver Carcinoma." In Histopathology Reporting, 85–94. London: Springer London, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3671-2_10.

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Davies, S. E., and C. S. Foster. "Liver." In Reporting Histopathology Sections, 67–82. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7132-6_4.

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Geller, Stephen A. "Liver: Tissue Handling and Evaluation." In Histopathology, 303–21. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1050-2_18.

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O’Rourke, Declan M., and Derek C. Allen. "Kidney, Renal Pelvis, and Ureter." In Histopathology Specimens, 301–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57360-1_29.

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O’Rourke, Declan M., and Derek C. Allen. "Kidney, Renal Pelvis, and Ureter." In Histopathology Specimens, 279–93. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-673-3_29.

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Conference papers on the topic "Kidney and liver histopathology"

1

Araújo, Ikaro Campos, Leizer Schnitman, Angelo Amancio Duarte, and Washington LC Santos. "Automated Detection of Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in Kidney Histopathology." In Congresso Brasileiro de Inteligência Computacional. ABRICOM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21528/cbic2017-10.

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Efremova, Dina B., Dmitry A. Konovalov, Thanongchai Siriapisith, Worapan Kusakunniran, and Peter Haddawy. "Automatic segmentation of kidney and liver tumors in CT images." In 2019 Kidney Tumor Segmentation Challenge: KiTS19. University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/548719.038.

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Roy, Mousumi, Fusheng Wang, George Teodoro, Miriam B. Vos, Alton Brad Farris, and Jun Kong. "Segmentation of Overlapped Steatosis in Whole-Slide Liver Histopathology Microscopy Images." In 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2018.8512289.

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Aalamifar, Fereshteh, Hassan Rivaz, Juan J. Cerrolaza, James Jago, Nabile Safdar, Emad M. Boctor, and Marius G. Linguraru. "Classification of kidney and liver tissue using ultrasound backscatter data." In SPIE Medical Imaging, edited by Johan G. Bosch and Neb Duric. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2082300.

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Li, Fengyi, Yang Nan, Xiaoshuai Hou, Chunmei Xie, Jiaping Wang, ChuanFeng Lv, and GuoTong Xie. "Correlation-Guided Network for Fine-Grained Classification of Glomerular lesions in Kidney Histopathology Images." In 2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) in conjunction with the 43rd Annual Conference of the Canadian Medical and Biological Engineering Society. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176234.

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Assis, G., and C. Cruz. "Zinc content in liver and kidney of piglets slaughtered in Portugal." In Safe Pork 2015: Epidemiology and control of hazards in pork production chain. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/safepork-180809-307.

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"Protective Effect of Turmeric on Liver and Kidney in Chicken Aflatoxicosis." In International Conference on Chemical, Environmental and Biological Sciences. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c0315125.

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Wirtzfeld, L. A., E. S. L. Berndl, and M. C. Kolios. "Ultrasonic characterization of extra-cellular matrix in decellularized murine kidney and liver." In 2015 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ultsym.2015.0170.

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Razman, Nur Raihan, Wan Mahani Hafizah Wan Mahmud, and Nurul Aimi Shaharuddin. "Filtering technique in ultrasound for kidney, liver and pancreas image using Matlab." In 2015 IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scored.2015.7449365.

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Nasution, Ali Napiah, and Sri Lestari R. Nasution. "Histopathology of Rat Kidney Organ Due to Ethanol Extract of Phaleria Macrocarpa Treatment Induced by Isoniazid." In International Conference on Health Informatics, Medical, Biological Engineering, and Pharmaceutical. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010296202430247.

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Reports on the topic "Kidney and liver histopathology"

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Norton, William N. Acute Exposure of Medaka to Carcinogens: An Ultrastructural, Cytochemical and Morphometric Analysis of Liver and Kidney. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada242950.

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