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Zelmer, Jennifer. "The economic burden of end-stage renal disease in Canada: present and future /." *McMaster only, 2005.
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潘建基 and Kin-kee Pun. "Carbohydrate metabolism in chronic renal and liver disease." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31981276.
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Jolly, Elaine Christina. "A comprehensive cellular and transcriptomic analysis of end-stage renal failure and transplantation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708207.
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Landreneau, Kandace Jo Costley Ward-Smith Peggy. "Adult hemodialysis patients' perceptions concerning choice among renal replacement therapies." Diss., UMK access, 2004.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--School of Nursing. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2004."A dissertation in nursing." Advisor: Peggy Ward-Smith. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed feb. 27, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-131). Online version of the print edition.
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Qureshi, Abdul Rashid Tony. "Malnutrition in patients with chronic renal failure /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4458-X/.
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Yeung, Nga-man, and 楊雅雯. "A guideline of nurse-delivered pre-dialysis education programme for stage 4 chronic kidney disease patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44626988.
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Tong, Ka-hang Matthew, and 湯嘉恆. "Cost-effectiveness of screening for chronic kidney disease: a systematic review." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45174179.
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Tong, Allison. "Towards consumer-centred health care and health research in nephrology understanding patient and family caregiver experiences and perspectives in chronic kidney disease /." Faculty of Medicine, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4024.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Healthcare services and health research aim to improve the physical and psychosocial well being of consumers, and to offer responsive services needed and valued by them. Research in chronic kidney disease (CKD) has predominantly focused on investigating biomedical aspects and evaluating technological or pharmacological treatment interventions to improve medical management. While research into assessing patients’ and caregivers’ quality of life, and symptom burden, is growing minimal attention has been given to gaining a broad and in-depth understanding about the experiences, psychosocial issues and needs of patients and their caregivers. These need to be considered when planning and delivering patient-centred care and health research across the whole trajectory of CKD. The studies that form the major part of this thesis explore the perspectives, needs and experiences of CKD patients and their caregivers, within a broad and multidimensional framework encompassing aspects of the nature of the health and illness experiences and consumer perspectives. In Chapter 2, to understand what is known about parental experiences of caring for a child with CKD, the relevant qualitative literature was systematically reviewed and synthesized. Three inter-related clusters were identified: intrapersonal, interpersonal and external experiences. In Chapter 3, to gain a more detailed and broader understanding of this topic, in-depth interviews were conducted with parents of 20 children with CKD and 4 major themes were identified: absorbing the clinical environment, medicalising parenting, disrupting family norms, and coping strategies and support structures. In Chapter 4, to assess the effectiveness of support interventions for caregivers of patients with CKD, a systematic review was conducted which identified only three eligible studies that assessed only the effect of educational material on caregiver knowledge, not other domains. In Chapter 5, to describe and compare the broad range and depth of experiences and perspectives from predialysis, dialysis and transplantation patients, data from patient focus groups were analysed. The 5 themes that emerged from this data were: personal meaning of CKD, managing and monitoring health, lifestyle consequences, family impact, and informal structures. In Chapter 6, the focus groups were also used to elicit research priorities and identify reasons that patients used to develop their research priorities. A patient focused research agenda was elicited for CKD and 5 reasons that patients used to develop their research priorities were identified: normalisation of life, altruism, economic efficiency, personal concerns and clinical outcomes. During the focus groups, participants repeatedly expressed frustration about the poor public profile, and lack of community-based information on CKD prevention. So in Chapter 7, to assess how Australian news media covered prevention and early detection of CKD, I analysed television and newspaper stories that referred to CKD prevention or early detection. Kidney disease in general, and particularly the prevention and early detection of CKD, received virtually no media attention. When mentioned, it was mainly in the context of transplantation and donor stories, and seldom prevention or early detection, which appears largely unnewsworthy in its current form. At best, CKD received peripheral mention as a secondary concern in diabetes and obesity news stories which focused on lifestyle solutions. In Chapter 8, to develop a checklist for explicit and comprehensive reporting of qualitative studies (in-depth interviews and focus groups), I performed a comprehensive search in relevant publications for existing checklists used to assess qualitative studies. Seventy-six items from 22 checklists were compiled into a comprehensive list. All items were grouped into three domains: 1) research team and reflexivity, 2) study design, and 3) data analysis and reporting. The overarching purpose of these studies was to gain a better understanding about the needs, experiences and perspectives of CKD patients and their caregivers. The findings describe the permanent, profound and pervasive impact of CKD on the lives of patients and caregivers across the whole illness trajectory. A more detailed and broader understanding about patient and caregiver perspectives, as presented in this thesis, can support a move towards advancing patient-centred healthcare and research in CKD.
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Marks, Angharad. "Outcomes and epidemiology of chronic kidney disease : the first Grampian laboratory outcomes morbidity and mortality study (GLOMMS-I)." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=202777.
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To identify those with kidney disease early and thus facilitate earlier instigation of disease-progression slowing treatments, new definitions of chronic kidney disease (CKD) were introduced in 2002 (KDOQI). After this, the worldwide introduction of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reporting (2006 onwards), also facilitated more widespread identification of those with CKD. Prognosis in those with CKD identified in this way was not known and the numbers with CKD appeared higher than originally expected. This thesis aimed to improve understanding of outcomes in those who met the definition of chronic kidney disease and facilitate better directed care. Data-linkage of several healthcare datasets including to laboratory, morbidity and mortality healthcare data for individuals in the Grampian region with measures of renal function in 2003 allowed those aims to be addressed. Patterns in the testing of kidney function over time were also described. Mortality and RRT initiation during the GLOMMS-I cohort's 6.5 years of follow-up were described, as were variables that were associated with these outcomes. Other measures of decline of kidney function over time (progression), were explored and compared to the ultimate measure of progression - the initiation of RRT. Various models to predict outcomes (RRT initiation, mortality and survival) were explored. Measures of model performance including discrimination, calibration, goodness of model fit and predictive performance were described. Overall the aim of this thesis was met - to improve the understanding of the prognosis of those currently labelled with chronic kidney disease. The work in this thesis has also provided the necessary information to plan and start a much wider population based study of outcome in those both with and without CKD (GLOMMS-II).
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Bergsten, Alicia. "Molecular studies of complications in end stage renal disease : focus on expression and variations of candidate susceptibility genes /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-425-2/.
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Wong, Ho-sze. "Comparative review of quality of life of patients with haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and renal transplant /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36396837.
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Ali, Abdulgader Saleh. "Nitric oxide modulates the effect of RHIGF-I on the accumulation of collagen and kidney growth." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267205.
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Winyard, Paul Julian Douglas. "The biology of kidney malformations." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265944.
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Annuk, Margus. "Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Renal Failure." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2002. http://publications.uu.se/theses/91-554-5233-7/.
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Xiao, Shen. "Alterations of vascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and substrate availability in chronic renal disease." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=794.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 184 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Chakrabarti, Shubro. "Mechanisms of fibrosis in feline chronic kidney disease." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.572451.
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Gregory, Deborah M. "Patients' perceptions of their experiences with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and hemodialysis treatment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0031/MQ47421.pdf.
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Wong, Ho-sze, and 黃可思. "Comparative review of quality of life of patients with haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and renal transplant." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4501193X.
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He, Jiang, Michael Shlipak, Amanda Anderson, Jason A. Roy, Harold I. Feldman, Radhakrishna Reddy Kallem, Radhika Kanthety, et al. "Risk Factors for Heart Failure in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: The CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) Study." WILEY, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625054.
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Background-Heart failure is common in patients with chronic kidney disease. We studied risk factors for incident heart failure among 3557 participants in the CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) Study. Methods and Results-Kidney function was assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using serum creatinine, cystatin C, or both, and 24-hour urine albumin excretion. During an average of 6.3 years of follow-up, 452 participants developed incident heart failure. After adjustment for age, sex, race, and clinical site, hazard ratio (95% CI) for heart failure associated with 1 SD lower creatinine-based eGFR was 1.67 (1.49, 1.89), 1 SD lower cystatin C-based-eGFR was 2.43 (2.10, 2.80), and 1 SD higher log-albuminuria was 1.65 (1.53, 1.78), all P< 0.001. When all 3 kidney function measures were simultaneously included in the model, lower cystatin C-based eGFR and higher log-albuminuria remained significantly and directly associated with incidence of heart failure. After adjusting for eGFR, albuminuria, and other traditional cardiovascular risk factors, anemia (1.37, 95% CI 1.09, 1.72, P= 0.006), insulin resistance (1.16, 95% CI 1.04, 1.28, P= 0.006), hemoglobin A1c (1.27, 95% CI 1.14, 1.41, P< 0.001), interleukin-6 (1.15, 95% CI 1.05, 1.25, P= 0.002), and tumor necrosis factor-a (1.10, 95% CI 1.00, 1.21, P= 0.05) were all significantly and directly associated with incidence of heart failure. Conclusions-Our study indicates that cystatin C-based eGFR and albuminuria are better predictors for risk of heart failure compared to creatinine-based eGFR. Furthermore, anemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, and poor glycemic control are independent risk factors for the development of heart failure among patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Goldstein, D. Jordi. "Effects of selective manipulation of fatty acids in experimental chronic renal disease." Thesis, Boston University, 1993. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/31818.
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Thesis (D.Sc.N.S.)--Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Graduate Dentistry, 1993 (Nutritional Sciences).Includes bibliography (leaves 176-187)
This dissertation has been presented in two related studies: A. Fish Oil Reduces Proteinuria and Interstitial Injury but not GIomerulosclerosis in the Milan Nomotensive Rat Rats of the Milan Normotensive strain (MNS) spontaneously develop severe Proteinuria and excessive glomemlar thromboxane (Tx)A2 PrOduction at a young age. These are accompanied by podocyte alterations and progressive focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS) and interstitial fibrosis. Since previous studies showed that pharmacologic... [TRUNCATED]
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Yang, Bin. "Involvement of programmed cell death (apoptosis) and its regulators in experimental chronic renal scarring." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369894.
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Ejerblad, Elisabeth. "Some lifestyle-related factors and risk of chronic renal failure : a population-based approach /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-210-1/.
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Kossuth-Cabrejos, Stefano, Arquímedes M. Gavino-Gutiérrez, and Wilmer Silva-Caso. "Factors associated with the severity of pruritus in patients with terminal chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis in Lima, Peru." Page Press Publications, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655593.
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The objective of the study is to analyze the factors associated with the severity of pruritus in patients with terminal chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. The methodology used is based on a cross-sectional study in patients receiving hemodialysis at the Centro Nacional de Salud Renal. Severe pruritus was defined as a score on the visual analogue scale greater than or equal to 7, and the strength of association with the possible risk factors was assessed by calculating prevalence ratios. Regarding the results, 264 patients were included, 59.9% were male, with a mean time on hemodialysis of 10.26 ± 7.14 years. 75% experienced pruritus, of this group, 1 in 3 presented severe pruritus. Hyperphosphatemia and the use of antihistamines were associated with a higher prevalence of severe pruritus (RP 1.71, 95% CI 1.09-267 and RP 2.39, 95% CI 1.51-3.75, respectively). The positive serology for Hepatitis C Virus was described as a protective factor for presenting severe pruritus (RP 0.55, 95% CI 0.33 - 0.89). In conclusion, severe uremic pruritus is a frequent problem in patients with chronic terminal kidney disease who have hyperphosphatemia and treatment with antihistamines independently of the time they have been on hemodialysis.Revisión por pares
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Ferreira, Leny Gonçalves. "Caracterização sociodemográfica, clínica, psicossocial e espiritual de pacientes renais crônicos." Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/tede/461.
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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) as well as its related treatments present significant impacts to the patients, family, and the entire health system as research has been showing. More specific intervention programs can be provided from a more effective knowledge of thisassisted population. Objectives: To identify and characterize the biopsychosocial and spiritual profile including sociodemographic and clinical data, anxiety and depression symptoms, quality of life, coping strategies and issues related to spirituality, religion and / or personal beliefs. Materials and Methods: Descriptive exploratory study with patients of both genders, agedover 18, with chronic renal failure – CRF, undergoing renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and renal transplantation); attended at a school hospital in the interior of the State of São Paulo. After the patients´ agreement and their signingto the Informed Consent Term (ICT), they answered an individual interview with an Identification Card, Hospital Scale of Anxiety and Depression - HAD, WHOQOL-bref - quality of life, Scale of Modes of Coping Problems - EMEP and WHOQOL - spirituality, religiosity and personal beliefs - SRPB. Data were analyzed and grouped by frequency and percentage of answers, and discussed from the literature related to the area. Results: A total of 174 patients, predominantly between 41 and 70 years old (70.69%), 53.45% male, and 47.70% with incomplete primary education participated; as baseline disease, Systemic Arterial Hypertension (36.21%) and Diabetes Mellitus (25.29%) were found among others; major comorbidities Systemic Arterial Hypertension (47.70%) and Diabetes Mellitus (29.31%). Clinical symptoms of anxiety were presented in 70.11%, and 75.29% had depression. According to the quality of life, results were slightly above average, considering the analogue scale of the instrument. Regarding coping strategies, the highest averages were for Focus on Emotion, followed by Focus on the Problem and Social Support. Regarding issues related to spirituality, religion and / or personal beliefs, the best-rated facet was 'Faith', followed by 'Sense in the Life”. Conclusions: Sociodemographic data, quality of life, coping strategies, and religiosity / spirituality are according to the literature reports. However, clinical symptoms of anxiety and depression were significantly higher than those found in the general population and for chronic kidney patients. These findings have pointed out the need for specific intervention programs toward this sample evaluated, as well as further research in the area.
Pesquisas na área têm demonstrado que a Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) e seus respectivos tratamentos apresentam impactos significativos para os pacientes, familiares e para todo o sistema de saúde. Conhecer de forma mais efetiva esta população atendida pode favorecer programas específicos de intervenção. Objetivos: Identificar e caracterizar o perfil biopsicossocial e espiritual incluindo os dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, sintomas de ansiedade e depressão, qualidade de vida, estratégias de enfrentamento e questões ligadas à espiritualidade, religião e/ou crenças pessoais. Materiais e Método: Pesquisa descritiva e exploratória com pacientes, de ambos os sexos, acima de 18 anos, com diagnóstico de Insuficiência Renal Crônica – IRC, em terapia renal substitutiva (hemodiálise, diálise peritoneal e transplante renal); atendidos em um hospital de ensino do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Após concordarem com o estudo e assinarem o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido - TCLE, os participantes responderam em forma de entrevista individual a uma Ficha de Identificação, Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão - HAD, WHOQOL-bref - qualidade de vida, Escala de Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas - EMEP e WHOQOL - espiritualidade, religiosidade e crenças pessoais - SRPB. Os dados foram analisados e agrupados por frequência e porcentagem de respostas e discutidos a partir da literatura pertinente à área. Resultados: Participaram 174 pacientes, faixa etária predominante entre 41 a 70 anos (70,69%), 53,45%do sexo masculino, 47,70% com ensino fundamental incompleto. Como doença de base, Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (36,21%) e Diabetes Mellitus (25,29%), entre outras; comorbidades principais Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (47,70%) e Diabetes Mellitus (29,31%). Apresentaram sintomas clínicos de ansiedade 70,11%, e 75,29% de depressão. Para a qualidade de vida, resultados foram ligeiramente acima da média, considerando-se a escala analógica do instrumento. Referente às estratégias de enfrentamento, as maiores médias estiveram para Foco na Emoção, seguidas por Foco no Problema e Suporte Social. Com relação às questões ligadas à espiritualidade, religião e/ou crenças pessoais, a faceta melhor pontuada foi ‘Fé’, seguida por ‘Sentido na ‘Vida’. Conclusões: Dados sociodemográficos, qualidade de vida, estratégias de enfrentamento, e religiosidade / espiritualidade estão compatíveis com apontamentos da literatura. Entretanto, sintomas clínicos de ansiedade e de depressão foram significativamente maiores que os encontrados na população geral e para pacientes renais crônicos. Tais achados indicam necessidade de programas específicos de intervenção para a amostra avaliada, bem como, mais pesquisas na área.
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Canepa, Alberto. "Intracellular free amino acids and nutritional status in children with chronic renal failure on different treatments /." Stockholm : Karolinska Univ. Press, 2001. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2001/20010611cane/.
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O'Brien-Connors, Marguerite A. "Individuals' experiences with end stage renal disease and hemodialysis treatment : implications for quality of life /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2003. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,157548.
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Diesel, Wayne Jonathan. "Factors limiting the exercise tolerance of patients with end-stage renal failure undergoing maintenance haemodialysis." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26548.
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Exercise tolerance, measured as peak oxygen consumption (VO₂ peak), is very low in patients with end-stage renal failure undergoing maintenance haemodialysis. Due to their associated anaemia and low peak heart rates during maximal exercise it has been argued that the reduced blood oxygen carrying capacity and central cardiovascular limitations are primarily responsible for the poor exercise tolerance of these patients. However, others suggest that peripheral (skeletal muscle) limitations including impaired substrate utilization, muscle weakness caused by peripheral neuropathy and myopathy, malnutrition and general physical deconditioning are responsible for the poor exercise tolerance. The present thesis was therefore designed to study whether central cardiovascular function or anaemia or muscle weakness causes patients with end-stage renal failure to terminate exercise at workrates well below those achieved by healthy controls.
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Heiwe, Susanne. "Experienced physical functioning and effects of resistance training in patients with chronic kidney disease /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-865-3/.
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Moreira, Arthur Navajas. "Efeito da movimentação ativa tíbio-társica na remoção da uréia em pacientes renais crônicos durante a hemodiálise." Pós-Graduação em Educação Física, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4961.
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The shank active movement be able to cause an increase in venous return contribute to the improvement of the treatment of hemodialysis, increasing peripheral circulation and therefore increases the removal of toxins from the blood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of shank active movement on the index of urea clearance ( Kt / V ) and the percentage removal of urea ( PRU ) , and check the effect on blood pressure and heart rate in renal patients during chronic hemodialysis. The sample comprised 44 patients, aged between 23 and 72 years and mean height of 167 ± 11 cm and body mass 66.7 ± 14.4 kg, divided into two groups: a control group and an exercise group. The shank active movement was performed in the sitting position and the patient performing movements of dorsiflexion and plantar flexion. The drive was carried out using an adjustable wooden support so that the patient would remain in correct and comfortable position to perform the exercise. The exercise protocol was four sets of 15 repetitions, following an increase of 5 repetitions per month until complete four sets of 30 repetitions, in intervals of 60 seconds between sets . The results of the comparison groups had no significant difference in Kt / V did not alter the PRU with the shank active movement , however had high blood pressure compared with controls ( p < 0.001 ) and heart rate ( p < 0.05). It is concluded that the active protocol - shank movement was not effective to improve the Kt / V and the PRUA movimentação ativa tíbio-társica pode favorecer um aumento do retorno venoso, contribuindo para a melhora do tratamento da hemodiálise, incrementando a circulação periférica e, consequentemente, aumentando a remoção de toxinas do sangue. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da movimentação ativa tíbio-társica sobre o índice de depuração de ureia (Kt/V) e o percentual de remoção de ureia (PRU), além de verificar o efeito disso na pressão arterial e frequência cardíaca de pacientes renais crônicos durante a hemodiálise. A amostra foi composta por 44 pacientes, com idades entre 23 e 72 anos e estatura média de 167 ± 11 cm e massa corporal de 66,7 ± 14,4 Kg, divididos em dois grupos: um grupo controle e o um grupo exercício. A movimentação ativa tíbio-társica foi realizada na posição sentada com o paciente realizando movimentos de dorsiflexão e flexão plantar. A movimentação foi realizada utilizando um suporte de madeira ajustável de forma que o paciente ficasse em posição correta e confortável para a realização do exercício. O protocolo de exercício foi de quatro séries de quinze repetições, seguindo uma progressão de cinco repetições por mês até que completássemos as quatro séries de trinta repetições, com intervalos de 60 segundos entre as séries. Os resultados encontrados, quando comparados os dos grupos, não apresentaram diferença significativa no Kt/V como também não se alterou o PRU com a movimentação ativa tíbio-társica; no entanto, apresentou-se elevação da pressão arterial comparado ao controle (p<0,001) e da frequência cardíaca (p<0,05). Conclui-se que o protocolo de movimentação ativa tíbio-társica não foi eficiente para melhorar o Kt/V e o PRU.
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Kennedy, David J. "Cardiovascular complications of ischemic renal disease : the effect of renal dysfunction on cardiac disease and the central role of cardiotonic steroids in the pathogenesis of uremic cardiomyopathy." Connect to full-text via OhioLINK ETD Center, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=mco1145302915.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Medical University of Ohio, 2005."In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Sciences." Major advisor: Joseph I. Shapiro. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: v, 265 p. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: pages 52-59,94-100,129-134,171-176,200-263.
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Righi, Samuel. "Increased Circulatory Lipopolysaccharide From a High Fat Diet Aggravates Inflammation and Exacerbates Renal Failure." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3444.
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Kidney failure is frequently associated with the risk factors linked to metabolic syndrome. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a potent inflammatory molecule, which has increased absorption from the gut into blood circulation following a high fat and high-energy diet. We hypothesized that LPS from a high fat diet can amplify inflammation, thereby exacerbating chronic kidney disease and associated disorders. We have found that adding a high fat diet to renal insufficient mice significantly progressed their kidney disease as well as associated disorders, compared to both a high fat diet and renal insufficiency alone. Additionally, we were able to demonstrate in vitro that the combination of LPS and palmitic acid, a marker of high fat diet, induced inflammatory pathways significantly more than either LPS or palmitic acid alone. These results provide insight into connection between a high fat diet and the progression of chronic kidney disease as well as associated disorders.
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Rigby-Mathews, Alison Jane. "The control of interdialytic weight gain in hemodialysis patients /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6607.
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Sonaglio, Etielle Pereira. "Prevalência e fatores associados à constipação intestinal em pacientes em hemodiálise." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/174722.
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Alterações gastrointestinais em pacientes com doença renal crônica são queixas comuns, sendo a constipação considerada um dos sintomas mais prevalentes. O tratamento deste sintoma é limitado nesta população, devido às modificações dietéticas impostas pela perda da função renal e métodos dialíticos, especialmente na hemodiálise. Dados locais sobre a prevalência e fatores associados à constipação são pouco conhecidos em nosso meio. Neste estudo transversal, foram incluídos 57 participantes que realizam hemodiálise há pelo menos 3 meses no Hospital Moinhos de Vento em Porto Alegre, Brasil. Um questionário foi utilizado para avaliar dados sociodemográficos e clínicos potencialmente associados à constipação, a qual foi definida utilizando os critérios de ROMA III. Foi diagnosticada constipação em 28 pacientes nesta amostra (49,1%). Do total da amostra, 34 indivíduos (59,6%) relataram estar utilizando ou já terem utilizado laxantes em algum momento. Entre os constipados, 23 (82%) relataram esse uso. Outros 11 indivíduos usam laxativos cronicamente, ainda que não tenham sido classificados como constipados pelos critérios de ROMA III. Considerando a autopercepção, relataram “dificuldade para evacuar” 21/57 (36,8%). A concordância entre a autopercepção de “dificuldade para evacuar” e constipação pelos critérios de ROMA III ocorreu em 34 (59,6%) dos indivíduos. Entre os 28 pacientes constipados, 17 (77,3%) referem que sintomas gastrointestinais interferem no seu bem-estar, enquanto que entre os 29 pacientes não constipados, somente 5 (22,7%) referem esta interferência (p = 0,01) Quando investigado os fatores potencialmente associados à constipação,a inatividade física (Razão de prevalência 53,4; Teste exato de Fisher p = 0,052) e o sexo feminino (Razão de Prevalência 1,6; Pearson X2 p = 0,07) apresentaram tendênciaà associação significativa. No entanto, não foi encontrada associação significativa entre constipação e escolaridade, faixa etária, utilização de carbonato de cálcio, presença de 8 diabetes, estado nutricional e consumo de fibras atual. Conclusões: A constipação intestinal é um sintoma frequente em pacientes em hemodiálise no nosso meio. A utilização dos critérios de ROMA III para o diagnóstico de constipação permite diagnosticar um maior número de casos quando comparado apenas à autopercepção. A maior parte dos pacientes da amostra faz ou já fez uso crônico de laxantes, ainda que boa parte destes não se considere constipado, ou seja, classificados como constipados pelos critérios de ROMA III. Considerando-se a alta prevalência e interferência no bem-estar, a abordagem sobre a presença de constipação deve ser rotineira nessa população, a fim de alcançar-se um diagnóstico e manejo corretos.Seventeen (77.3%) of the 28 constipated patients reported that their gastrointestinal symptoms interfered with their wellbeing, whereas just 5 (22.7%) of the 29 patients without constipation reported the same interference (p = 0.01). Investigation of factors potentially associated with constipation detected that inactivity (Prevalence ratio 53.4; Fisher’s exact test p = 0.052) and female sex (Prevalence ratio 1.6; PearsonX2 p = 0.07) exhibited tendencies towards a significant association. However, there were no significant associations between constipation and educational level, age group, use of calcium carbonate, presence of diabetes, nutritional status, or current fiber consumption. 10 Conclusions: Constipation is a common symptom among patients on hemodialysis in our country. Use of the ROMA III criteria diagnoses a higher number of cases of constipation than patients’ own perception alone. The majority of patients in the sample have used or were still using laxatives chronically, even though a considerable proportion of these patients were not considered constipated,they were not classified as constipated according to the ROMA III criteria. Considering its high prevalence and its impact on wellbeing, whether patients have constipation should be routinely investigated in this population, to enable correct diagnosis and management.
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Yagi, Toyoko. "Compliance with dialysis regimens: The effects of coping and social support." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2655.
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The purpose of this study was to identify determinants of compliance behavior. Since compliance among dialysis patients increases survival rate, it is important for social workers to identify patients who are at risk of noncompliance.
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Scaife, Diane. "What is the lived experience of the client with end stage renal disease on hemodialysis?" Connect to Online Resource-OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=mco1176378463.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Toledo, 2006."In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Nursing." Major advisor: Jane C. Evans. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: v, 53 p. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: pages 42-43.
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Richards, Roselee Jayne. ""You look very well for a transplant" : autoethnographic narrative and identity in chronic kidney disease, kidney failure and the life post-transplant." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19909.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Despite the high prevalence of chronic kidney disease, renal narratives are under-reported. Much of what is written on kidney failure is written by health care professionals for health care professionals and about patients. While medical experts and health care practitioners have one type of knowledge, their patients have another type of knowledge acquired through their experience of their own condition. From within the disability and patients’ rights movements urgent calls have been made for the authentic voices of disabled people and patients to be heard without the mediation of professional lenses. In response to this my dissertation combines personal and academic writing to explore my own experience of end-stage renal disease, dialysis, transplantation and the life after transplant. I have used autoethnography as a methodology. Autoethnography is a relatively new, somewhat postmodern form of inquiry that developed from the reflexive turn in anthropology and narrative studies in the latter part of the twentieth century. It is very useful in writing about the experience of illness and reflecting on illness narratives because, in autoethnographic writing, the observer and observed, the narrator and narrated, insider and outsider are the same person. This allows scope for exploring the problematics of representation and for finding alternatives to already existing ways of telling certain stories. Engaging with autoethnography’s postmodern aspects has allowed me to conceptualize experiences that, until I undertook this research, I have never been able to articulate, because the traditional (static) illness narrative forms did not speak to my experience or my understanding of my condition. The central issue in my dissertation lies in the question: How do I tell the story of chronic illness once I have had an organ transplant? Flowing from this are a number of sub-issues: Can my story change? How do I describe myself: The well, the ill, the impaired, the disabled, the afflicted? Do I describe myself living in no man’s land? In my narrative, do I oscillate between being well and ill, or do I occupy another territory entirely? And if I do, what is it? My study shows that writing the story (or stories) of chronic kidney disease is complex, nuanced and dynamic and that, far from being an extended liminal experience, kidney disease is littoral. This distinction is important in coming to narrative terms with an identity that is not damaged so much as different. Through this I hope to demonstrate to both outsiders and insiders, who often submit to narratives that are forced on them, that more satisfying alternatives can be found.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ondanks die hoë voorkomssyfer van chroniese nierkwale word nierverhale nie genoeg aangemeld nie. Die meerderheid van dit wat oor nierversaking geskryf word, word deur gesondheidsorgdeskundiges vir gesondheidsorgdeskundiges en oor pasiënte geskryf. Terwyl mediese deskundiges en gesondheidsorgpraktisyns een soort kennis het, het hulle pasiënte ’n ander soort kennis op grond van hulle ervaring van hulle eie toestande. Van binne die gestremdheid en pasiënteregte-bewegings het ’n dringende oproep weerklink vir die outentieke stemme van mense met gestremdhede en pasiënte om gehoor te word sonder die tussenkoms van professionele perspektiewe. In reaksie hierop kombineer my verhandeling persoonlike en akademiese beskrywings om my eie ervaring van eindstadium- nierkwale, dialise, oorplanting en die lewe na oorplanting te verken. Ek het outo-etnografie as metodologie gebruik. Outo-etnografie is ’n relatief nuwe, ietwat postmoderne vorm van ondersoek wat in die tweede deel van die twintigste eeu uit die refleksiewe wending in antropologie en narratiewe studies ontwikkel het. Dit is baie bruikbaar wanneer oor die belewenis van siekte en besinning oor siekte-narratiewe geskryf word aangesien die waarnemer en die waargeneemde, die verteller en dit wat vertel word, die ingewyde en die buitestander in outo-etnografiese skryfwerk dieselfde persoon is. Dit laat meer ruimte vir verkenning van die problematiek van voorstelling en vir die opspoor van alternatiewe vir reeds bestaande wyses om sekere stories te vertel. My bemoeienis met postmoderne aspekte van outo-etnografie het dit vir my moontlik gemaak om ervaringe wat ek tot en met hierdie navorsing nooit kon artikuleer nie, te konseptualiseer, aangesien die tradisionele (statiese) vorme van siekte-narratiewe nie tot my ervaring of my begrip van my toestand gespreek het nie. ‘Hoe vertel ek die storie van chroniese siekte nadat ek ’n orgaanoorplanting gehad het?’ is ’n sentrale vraagstuk in my verhandeling. Hieruit spruit ’n aantal newevraagstukke voort: Kan my storie verander? Hoe beskryf ek myself: Die gesonde persoon, die sieke, die verswakte, die gestremde, die aangetaste? Hoe beskryf ek myself wat in ’n niemandsland woon? Fluktueer ek in my narratief tussen gesond wees en siek wees of betrek ek ’n geheel ander gebied? En indien wel, wat is dit? My studie toon dat, om die storie (of stories) van chroniese niersiekte te skryf, kompleks, genuanseerd en dinamies is en dat niersiekte glad nie ’n uitgebreide liminale ervaring is nie, maar eerder littoraal is. Dit is belangrik wanneer daar tot ’n narratiewe verstandhouding gekom moet word met ’n identiteit wat nie soseer beskadig is nie, maar eerder anders. Hierdeur hoop ek om aan beide buitestanders en ingewydes, wat dikwels voor narratiewe wat op hulle afgedwing word, moet buig, te wys dat daar meer bevredigende alternatiewe gekry kan word.
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Moreira, Leonardo Barbosa. "AdesÃo ao tratamento farmacolÃgico em doentes renais crÃnicos atendidos pelo ambulatÃrio do Hospital UniversitÃrio Walter CantÃdio." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=292.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorA doenÃa renal crÃnica (DRC) representa, atualmente, um importante problema de saÃde pÃblica. Em estÃgios mais avanÃados, a doenÃa pode levar à insuficiÃncia renal crÃnica terminal, que requer diÃlise ou transplante. O retardo da progressÃo da DRC depende da efetividade da farmacoterapia das doenÃas de base. A nÃo adesÃo ao tratamento farmacolÃgico prejudica o alcance dos resultados terapÃuticos. O estudo dos fatores associados à nÃo adesÃo à importante para que estratÃgias de intervenÃÃo bem sucedidas possam ser implementadas. O objetivo do presente trabalho à mensurar a prevalÃncia da nÃo adesÃo ao tratamento farmacolÃgico e identificar os fatores associados à nÃo adesÃo em doentes renais crÃnicos. O estudo foi realizado no ambulatÃrio de nefrologia do Hospital UniversitÃrio Walter CantÃdio, em Fortaleza (CE), entre novembro de 2004 e abril de 2005, com delineamento transversal. A amostra foi constituÃda por 130 pacientes com diagnÃstico de DRC, maiores de 18 anos, em uso contÃnuo de algum fÃrmaco anti-hipertensivo ou imunossupressor e que nÃo estivessem sendo submetidos a diÃlise ou transplante renal. A nÃo adesÃo foi medida atravÃs dos mÃtodos da entrevista com questionÃrio, das estimativas feitas pelos mÃdicos e da anÃlise dos resultados terapÃuticos, sendo considerados nÃo aderentes os pacientes assim classificados por, pelo menos, um dos mÃtodos. As variÃveis independentes estudadas estavam relacionadas Ãs caracterÃsticas sociodemogrÃficas, caracterÃsticas e percepÃÃes dos pacientes sobre a DRC, o tratamento e o atendimento oferecido e o nÃvel de informaÃÃo sobre o tratamento farmacolÃgico. O banco de dados e anÃlise bivariada foram feitos atravÃs do EPI-INFO versÃo 6.04d, utilizando o teste do qui-quadrado corrigido por Yates e o teste exato de Fisher. Foi realizada uma anÃlise multivariada por meio de um modelo de regressÃo logÃstica, utilizando-se o programa SPSS for Windows versÃo 10.0. Em todos os testes estatÃsticos adotou-se o nÃvel de significÃncia de p < 0,05 (bicaudal) em relaÃÃo ao erro alfa. A freqÃÃncia de pacientes nÃo aderentes, identificados por pelo menos um dos mÃtodos, foi de 61,3% (IC95% = 52,0 â 70,1%). Na anÃlise multivariada trÃs fatores apresentaram associaÃÃo estatisticamente significante com a nÃo adesÃo: tempo de diagnÃstico da DRC inferior a 5 anos (p = 0,015), relato do paciente sobre reaÃÃo adversa a algum medicamento prescrito (p = 0,015) e baixo nÃvel de informaÃÃo sobre o tratamento farmacolÃgico (p = 0,028). à medida que aumentou o nÃvel de informaÃÃo sobre o tratamento farmacolÃgico diminuiu a prevalÃncia da nÃo adesÃo. A prevalÃncia da nÃo adesÃo ao tratamento farmacolÃgico à alta entre os pacientes estudados. Os fatores que apresentaram associaÃÃo estatisticamente significante com a nÃo adesÃo sÃo possÃveis causas deste comportamento. IntervenÃÃes educativas e motivacionais sÃo necessÃrias para a diminuiÃÃo da magnitude do problema. Os resultados observados estÃo coerentes com outros trabalhos encontrados na literatura, entretanto, mais estudos sÃo necessÃrios para avaliar as causas da nÃo adesÃo ao tratamento farmacolÃgico da DRC e a efetividade das intervenÃÃes propostas.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is currently an important public health problem. At more advanced stages CKD can take to end-stage renal disease, that request dialysis or renal transplantation. Retard of the progression of CKD depends on the effectiveness of underlying conditions pharmacotherapy. Medication non-compliance harms reaching therapeutic goals. Non-compliance associated factors study is important so that well happened intervention strategies can be implemented. The objective of the present study is to measure the prevalence of medication noncompliance and to identify medication non-compliance related factors in CKD patients. A cross-sectional study was performed at renal outpatient care unit of the Academical Hospital Walter CantÃdio, in Fortaleza (CE), between 2004 november and 2005 april. The sample was constituted by 130 CKD patients, at least 18 years old, continuously taking some self-administered antihypertensive or immunosuppressive drug and not being submitted to dialysis or renal transplantation. Non-compliance was measured by questionnaire, physician assessment and outcomes methods, being considered non-compliant patients if non-compliance has been detected by any method. Independent variables studied were related to sociodemographic characteristics, characteristics and patientsâ perceptions on CKD, its treatment and offered service and information level about pharmacotherapy. Database and bivariate analysis were performed at EPI-INFO version 6.04d, using Yates corrected chi-square and isherâs exact tests. A multivariate analysis was conducted through a logistic regression model using SPSS for Windows version 10.0. Confidence level for all tests was p < 0,05 (two-tailed). Frequency of non-compliant patients, detected by any method, was 61,3% (95%CI = 52,0 â 70,1%). Multivariate analysis results showed that less than 5 years CKD diagnosis time (p = 0,015), selfreport of adverse drug reaction (p = 0,015) and low information level about pharmacotherapy (p = 0,028) presented statistically significant association with noncompliance. As greater the information level about pharmacotherapy smaller the noncompliance prevalence. Medication non-compliance prevalence is high among studied patients. Factors associated with non-compliance are possible causes of this comportment. Educational and motivational interventions are necessary for decrease problemâs magnitude. Observed results are coherent with literature, however, more studies are necessary to evaluate causes of the medication non-compliance on CKD and effectiveness of the proposed interventions.
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Silva, Paola da Ponte. "Avaliação da extração e cinética de solutos em pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise convencional, hemodiafiltração pós-diluição e hemofiltração pré-diluição." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-09082013-115635/.
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Introdução: O uso de membranas de alto fluxo tornou-se comum na prática de hemodiálise convencional (HDC), hemodiafiltração (HDF) e hemofiltração (HF) devido ao elevado coeficiente de ultrafiltração e à maior permeabilidade do poro. A produção de fluido de reposição online proporciona maior facilidade na execução de HDF e HF. Estas modalidades aumentam a depuração de solutos maiores por convecção. O objetivo do estudo é comparar a eficácia de três métodos dialíticos: HDC, HDF online (HDF-OL) pós-diluição e HF online (HF-OL) pré-diluição, por meio da quantificação direta da dose de diálise pela extração de solutos. Método: Trata-se de um ensaio clínico, envolvendo 14 pacientes em hemodiálise. Os pacientes iniciaram no estudo na modalidade de HDC com prescrição de quatro horas, fluxo de sangue de 350ml/min e fluxo de dialisato de 800ml/min com dialisador novo de alto fluxo e alta eficiência. Posteriormente, os mesmos pacientes foram submetidos à uma sessão de HDF-OL pós-diluição de quatro horas, fluxo de sangue de 350ml/min, fluxo de reposição de 100ml/min e fluxo de dialisato de 700ml/min. Por último, fizeram uma sessão de HF-OL pré-diluição com mesma duração, fluxo de sangue de 350ml/min e fluxo de reposição de 100% do fluxo de sangue. Foram realizadas 42 sessões de tratamento. A extração de solutos foi avaliada por meio de dosagens plasmáticas e quantificação do efluente. Resultados: As concentrações séricas dos solutos pré-diálise não foram diferentes entre as sessões do estudo. O volume de substituição em HDF-OL foi de 20,6 ± 0,8L/sessão e em HF-OL foi de 81,8 ± 7,1L/sessão. A HDF-OL quando comparada com a HDC não apresentou diferença na extração de moléculas pequenas. Da mesma forma, a extração de ?2-microglobulina foi semelhante nas 3 modalidades: 121,1 ± 46,4 mg em HDC, 130,1 ± 46,5 mg em HDF-OL e 106,0 ± 45,0 mg em HF-OL. A perda de albumina foi significativamente maior em HDF-OL (1360,2 ± 425,0 mg) e HF-OL (1310,3 ± 201,4 mg) Vs. HDC (269,6 ± 15,3 mg) (p<0,0001). A depuração de pequenos solutos foi superior em HDF-OL. A depuração de ?2-microglobulina foi maior em HDF- OL (114,0 ± 15,7 ml/min) e HF-OL (116,1 ± 19,5 ml/min) Vs. HDC (86,5 ± 16,1 ml/min) (p<0,0001). A dose de diálise avaliada pelo singlepool, equilibrated, standard Kt/V e pela quantificação direta da diálise (DDQKt/V) não foi diferente entre HDF-OL e HDC. Na HF-OL a ausência de difusão contribuiu para menor extração e menor Kt/V de solutos pequenos (p<0,0001). Conclusão: A dose de diálise avaliada pela extração de solutos foi semelhante entre HDC e HDF-OL sendo a HF-OL menos favorável na extração de solutos pequenosIntroduction: The use of high-flux membranes became common practice in conventional hemodialysis (CHD), hemodiafiltration (HDF) and hemofiltration (HF) due to the high pore permeability and ultrafiltration coefficient. The online production of substitution volume can make easier HDF and HF execution. These modalities can increase the clearance of larger solutes by convection. The aim of this study is to compare the dialysis efficacy among three methods: CHD, online post-dilution HDF (OL-HDF), and online pre- dilution HF (OL-HF) through the direct quantification of dialysis dose by the solutes extraction. Method: This is a clinical trial involving 14 patients on hemodialysis. The patients began the study in CHD modality with a four-hour prescription, blood flow of 350ml/min and dialysate flow of 800ml/min with new high-flux and high efficiency dialyzer. Subsequently, these patients were submitted to a four-hour post-dilution OL-HDF session, with flow replacement of 100ml/min, blood flow of 350ml/min and dialysate flow of 700ml/min. Finally, patients underwent a pre-dilution OL-HF with the same duration, blood flow of 350ml/min and flow replacement of 100% of the blood flow. Forty-two sessions of treatments were performed. The solutes extraction was assessed by plasma measurements and effluent quantification Results: Pre-treatment serum concentrations of different solutes showed no statistical difference among the modalities. The substitution volume in OL- HDF was 20.6 ± 0.8L/session and in OL-HF was 81.8 ± 7.1 L/session. The OL-HDF compared to CHD showed no difference in the small solutes extraction. Similarly, ?2-microglobulin extraction was similar among the three modalities: 121.1 ± 46.4 mg in CHD, 130.1 ± 46.5 mg in OL-HDF and 106.0 ± 45.0 mg in OL-HF. Albumin loss was significantly higher in OL-HDF (1360.2 ± 425.0 mg) and OL-HF (1310.3 ± 201.4 mg) Vs. CHD (269.6 ± 15.3 mg) (p<0.0001). The small solutes clearance was greater in OL-HDF. ?2- microglobulin clearance was higher in OL-HDF (114.0 ± 15.7 ml/min) and OL- HF (116.1 ± 19.5 ml/min) Vs. CHD (86.5 ± 16.1 ml/min) (p<0.0001). The dialysis dose measured by singlepool, equilibrated, standard Kt/V and by direct dialysis quantification (DDQ Kt/V) was not different between CHD and OL-HDF. In OL-HF the absence of diffusion contributed to lower extraction and lower Kt/V of small solutes. Conclusion: The dialysis dose evaluated by extraction of solutes was similar between CHD and OL-HDF being a OL-HF less favorable in small solutes extraction
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Caires, Maria Ester Hernandez de Almeida. "Estudo de prevalência da nefrolitíase e ureterolitíase diagnosticada por ecografia em gatos com e sem doença renal crónica." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15253.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaA incidência da litíase renal e ureteral em gatos tem vindo a aumentar significativamente, estando intimamente relacionada com a presença de lesões renais crónicas e irreversíveis. O presente estudo pretende demonstrar a verdadeira expressão da litíase renal numa população de gatos com sinais ecográficos de nefropatia crónica que compareceram à consulta no HVA, independentemente da sua situação clínica, avaliar a relação da nefrolitíase e ureterolitíase com a DRC e demonstrar a importância do exame ecográfico na identificação de alterações estruturais do rim, na identificação da nefrolitíase e ureterolitíase e comparar com os resultados analíticos. Após a realização deste estudo, podemos assumir que a probabilidade de um animal ter nefrolitíase e ureterolitíase é de 4,8%. Podemos concluir que não há relação entre a DRC e a presença de litíase, pois na realidade a nefrolitíase só estava presente em 30% dos animais deste grupo, e foi mais representada por 42% no grupo de animais sem DRC. Dos animais com litíase, 32% apresentaram sinais obstrutivos das vias urinárias superiores. Dos animais sem alterações nas concentrações de ureia e creatinina sérica, 30% tinham alterações estruturais renais compatíveis com nefropatia crónica. Conclui-se também que o exame ecográfico é um exame com especificidade à volta de 70% na identificação na DRC. Neste trabalho não se observou relevância estatística em nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados em animais com e sem litíase em nenhum dos grupos estudados. Sabemos pela literatura que a nefrolitíase em particular não é uma causa predisponente para a DRC. No entanto, sabemos que um animal com nefrolitíase tem um risco acrescido de infeção (pielonefrite) ou obstrução ureteral e isso sim é uma causa predisponente para desenvolver doença renal crónica, pelo que estes devem ser monitorizados.
ABSTRACT - PREVALENCE STUDY OF RENAL AND URETERAL LITHIASIS DIAGNOSED BY ULTRASOUND IN CATS WITH AND WITHOUT CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE - The incidence of renal and ureteral lithiasis in cats has been increasing significantly, being related to the presence of chronic and irreversible renal lesions. The present study aims to demonstrate the true expression of renal and uretheral lithiasis in a population of cats with ultrasound signs of chronic nephropathy who attended the HVA consultation regardless of their clinical situation, to assess the relationship between nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis with CKD and to demonstrate the importance of the ultrasound examination identifying structural changes of the kidney, nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis, and to compare with the analytical results. After this study, we can assume that the probability of an animal having nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis is 4.8%. We can conclude that there is no relationship between CKD and the presence of lithiasis, because in reality nephrolithiasis was present in only 30% of the animals in this group and was represented by 42% in the group of animals without CKD. Of the animals with lithiasis, 32% presented obstructive signs of the upper urinary tract. Of the animals without changes in serum urea and creatinine concentrations, 30% had renal structural changes compatible with chronic nephropathy. It is also concluded that the ultrasound examination has a specificity around 70% in the identification in CKD. In this study, no statistical significance was observed in any of the parameters evaluated in animals with and without lithiasis in any of the groups studied. We know from the literature that nephrolithiasis in particular is not a predisposing cause for CKD. However, we know that an animal with nephrolithiasis has an increased risk of infection (pyelonephritis) or ureteral obstruction and this is a predisposing cause to develop chronic kidney disease, so these animals should be monitored.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Dadfar, Elham. "Leukocyte transmigration and gene expression in healthy subjects and patients with renal failure-application of the skin chamber technique /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-752-9/.
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Luders, Claudio. ""Avaliação do transporte e cinética de solutos em pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise diária de alto fluxo, alta eficiência e curta duração"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-05102005-114154/.
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Nos últimos anos, em função dos resultados negativos do HEMO Study e da elevada mortalidade na população dialítica, observou-se crescente interesse nosregimes de hemodiálise diária. A dose de diálise persiste como um dos elementos fundamentais na adequação do tratamento dialítico. Comparamos as doses de diálise em hemodiálise diária (90 minutos, 6 vezes / semana), com as doses em hemodiálise convencional (240 minutos, 3 vezes / semana), através da quantificação direta da diálise, do modelo de cinética de uréia e pelo Standard Kt/V de Gotch. A comparação foi feita para diferentes solutos (uréia, creatinina, fósforo, ácido úrico e ß2-microglobulina) e diferentes taxas de ultrafiltraçãoThe recent efforts to improve dialysis outcome and the negative results from the HEMO Study have created great interest on alternative hemodialysis (HD) regimens. Dialysis dose persist fundamental to HD adequacy. However, parameters of adequacy have not been validated to Daily HD. We compared the dialysis dose of daily, high efficiency and flux HD (90 minutes, 6 times a week) with Conventional high flux HD (240 minutes, 3 times a week) by direct dialysis quantification, urea kinetics model and Gotch's stdKt/V. The comparison was made with urea, creatinine, phosphate, uric acid and ß2-microglobulin. We, also, analyzed the effect of different ultrafiltration rates on solute removal on Daily HD
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Brissos, Maria Elisa Elias. "A gestão da doença crónica: o caso particular da insuficiência renal crónica na região Alentejo." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/17291.
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O objetivo da presente pesquisa é a avaliação do estado atual das práticas organizacionais relacionadas com a prestação de cuidados de saúde aos doentes com Insuficiência Renal Crónica. A metodologia da pesquisa foi baseada num estudo retrospetivo por questionário que investiga hospitais e centros de saúde que integram a rede de cuidados de saúde do Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS) da Região Alentejo e que abordam a doença crónica objeto desta investigação. Recorrendo a um modelo de análise baseado no Modelo de Cuidados Crónicos (MCC) (cf. Guerra, 2002), incorporando nele os princípios teóricos da Gestão da Doença, foi feita uma avaliação pluridimensional de dados relacionados com as categorias essenciais do continuum de cuidados crónicos que incidem sobre a estrutura e o processo subjacentes às práticas de cuidados de saúde. Este modelo, constitui o quadro de referência conceptual que orienta a investigação e evidência as seis áreas essenciais da intervenção e avaliação do continuum de cuidados crónicos preconizados neste modelo: Organização dos cuidados de saúde, Ligações aos recursos da comunidade, Suporte à Auto-Gestão, Desenho do Sistema de Prestação, Suporte à decisão, Sistemas de Informação (Bonomi et al., 2000). Baseado nestas referências teóricas, sem negligenciar a vivência no âmbito da minha atividade profissional, colocou-se como hipótese que “Os diferentes grupos profissionais (médicos e enfermeiros) tem perspetivas semelhantes sobre a gestão da doença crónica no caso particular da Insuficiência Renal Crónica”. Recorrendo à análise quantitativa dos dados, com técnicas estatísticas descritiva e inferencial para a análise dos mesmos, entre os quais testes paramétricos para a análise das diferenças de médias respeitantes às seis categorias do questionário, tendo em conta o grupo profissional e as sub-regiões incluídas no estudo. Em face dos resultados alcançados conclui-se a inexistência da GD, tornando-se necessária e urgente a revisão do atual modelo de cuidados, já que o estudo demonstrou que o mesmo é inadequado para responder às necessidades do IRC. /ABSTRACT - The purpose of this research is to evaluate the current state of organizational practises related with health care to patients with Chronic Kidney Failure. The research methodology was based on a retrospective survey by questionnaire that analyses hospitals and health centers included in the health care network of the Alentejo region SNS (National Health Service), which approach the chronic disease under present research. Taking a model of analysis based on the Chronic Care Model (MCC) (cf. Guerra, 2002), merging the theoretical principles of Disease Guidance, a multidimensional evaluation has been made for data related with the essential categories of the chronic care continuum, which influence the structure and process underlying health care practices. Such model establishes the conceptual reference view that guides the research and demonstrates the 6 essential areas of interference and evaluation of the chronic care continuum preconized in this model: Health Care organization, Connection to the community resources, Self-Guidance support, Assistance System Design, Support to the decision, Information Systems (Bonomi et al., 2000). Based on these theoretical references and on the experience of my professional activity, following assumption arose: “The several Professional groups (doctors and nurses) have similar views over the chronic disease guidance in the particular case of Chronic Kidney Failure”. Taking the descriptive method with quantitive data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics methods have been used for the same analysis, as well as parametric tests for analysis of the differences of averages regarding the 6 categories in the questionnaire, considering the professional group and sub-regions included in the survey. Facing respective results, ones conclude the inexistence of GD (Disease Guidance) and the urgent need to review the current care model, as the survey demonstrated such model does not comply with the IRC (Chronic Kidney Failure Patients) needs.
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Byers, Dina Jo. "Predictors of african american women's perceived health status in the context of caring for a relative with end stage renal disease." View the abstract Download the full-text PDF version, 2008. http://etd.utmem.edu/ABSTRACTS/2008-011-Byers-index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D. )--University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 2008.Title from title page screen (viewed on May 16, 2008 ). Research advisor: Mona N. Wicks, PhD. Document formatted into pages (vii, 87 p. : ill.). Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-73).
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Junior, Antonio Carlos Cordeiro Silva. "Influência do transplante renal e de polimorfismos genéticos nos níveis de proteína C reativa em pacientes com doença renal crônica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5148/tde-04042008-152042/.
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Avaliamos a influência do transplante renal (Tx) e de \"polimorfismos de nucleotídeos isolados\" (SNPs), na região promotora do gen codificador da proteína C reativa, sob os níveis de PCR, em 50 pacientes com doença renal crônica em terapia dialítica. Os níveis de PCR foram avaliados no período pré-Tx, no primeiro e segundo anos pós-Tx. Inicialmente, os pacientes foram divididos em três grupos de acordo com os percentis (25, 50 e 75) dos níveis de PCR no período pré-Tx. Em seguida, avaliamos os genótipos para 2 SNPs, um bi-alélico na posição -409 (G->A) e um tri-alélico (C->T->A) na posição -390. Na análise geral os níveis de PCR decresceram significativamente no primeiro ano pós-Tx e tiveram uma elevação, não significativa, no segundo ano após o transplante. Após a divisão por percentis, observamos que nos pacientes cujos níveis de PCR se situavam dentro da normalidade (percentis 25 e 50), este marcador se manteve estável ao longo do estudo, enquanto houve uma significativa e progressiva redução dos níveis de PCR, pós-Tx, nos pacientes do percentil 75 (p=0,002). Todos os pacientes apresentaram o genótipo -409GG, quando avaliados para o SNP nesta posição. Quando avaliados para a posição -390, não foram encontrados pacientes com o alelo \"A\", havendo 15 pacientes com o genótipo \"CC\", 11 \"TT\" e 24 \"CT\". A média geral dos níveis de PCR diferiu significativamente entre os indivíduos de diferentes genótipos (p=0,019). A presença do alelo \"T\" associou-se a níveis mais elevados de PCR no pré-transplante (p=0,007) e no primeiro ano pós (p=0,001), fato não observado no segundo ano (p=0,146). Concluímos que o Tx reduz os níveis de PCR em pacientes com PCR previamente elevada. SNPs na posição -390 da região promotora do gen codificador da PCR influenciam os níveis basais desta proteína, de tal forma que o alelo \"C\" se associa com os menores níveis de PCR e o alelo \"T\" com os maiores. Em nossos pacientes, esta influência deixou de ser observada no segundo ano pós-Tx.We evaluated the influence of kidney transplantation (Tx), as well as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the \"C\" reactive protein (CRP) gene promoter region on CRP levels in 50 patients with chronic kidney disease under dialysis. CPR levels were evaluated at pre-Tx, as well as during the first and second years post-Tx. Initially, patients were divided into tree groups according to pre-Tx CRP percentiles (25, 50 and 75). At the same time, we evaluated the genotypes for 2 SNPs, a bi-allelic (G->A) at the -409 position and a tri-allelic (C->T->A) at the -390 position. In general analysis, CRP levels was significantly reduced in the first year and increased, not significantly, in the second year post Tx. Upon dividing the groups, the patients with CRP levels under the normal range (25th and 50th percentiles) presented stable, whereas there was a progressive and significant reduction in the post Tx CRP levels in patients in the 75th percentile (p=0.002). All patients presented the -409GG genotype. When evaluated for the -390 position, the \"A\" allele was not found and there were 15 \"CC\" pts, 11 \"TT\" and 24 \"CT\". CRP general means were different among patients with different genotypes (p=0.019). Also, allele \"T\" presence was associated with higher CRP levels in the pre-Tx (p=0.007) and first year post (p=0.001), but not at the second year post-Tx (p=0.146). We concluded that Tx reduces CRP levels in patients with previously high CRP. SNPs at the -390 position of the CRP gene promoter region influence CRP´s basal levels in such a way that the \"C\" allele correlates with the lowest and the \"T\" with the highest. We did not observe this influence in our patients at the second year post-Tx.
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Brandina, Ricardo Araujo. "O impacto de alterações histológicas do parênquima renal não-neoplásico na incidência de insuficiência renal crônica após nefrectomia radical." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5153/tde-05102016-083020/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: A nefrectomia radical está associada com algum grau de comprometimento da função do rim remanescente em pacientes com câncer renal. A etiologia da insuficiência renal crônica (IRC) nesses casos é complexa, tem prevalência relativamente alta e existem poucas alternativas terapêuticas quando ela se estabelece. Métodos que permitem prever o aparecimento desse quadro e possibilitem condutas terapêuticas que minimizem e retardem a perda de função renal são altamente desejáveis. OBJETIVOS: Em pacientes submetidos à nefrectomia radical: 1. Objetivo primário: Avaliar o impacto de alterações do parênquima renal não neoplásico, dados demográficos, clínicos e laboratoriais sobre o desenvolvimento de insuficiência renal crônica. 2. Objetivo secundário: Correlacionar alterações do parênquima renal não neoplásico, dados demográficos, clínicos e laboratoriais com a variação da taxa de filtração glomerular estimada pré e pós-operatória. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados 65 pacientes submetidos à nefrectomia radical por quadros de carcinoma de células renais. Nesses casos, procedeu-se a análise histológica do parênquima renal não neoplásico e as alterações encontradas foram correlacionadas com o aparecimento subsequente de IRC. Para avaliação da função renal, foi utilizada a taxa de filtração glomerular estimada (TFGe) por meio da fórmula MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) pré-operatória e última consulta. O estado do parênquima renal não neoplásico foi avaliado por meio de parâmetros histológicos: 1. Presença de glomerulosclerose, calculada pelo número total de glomérulos escleróticos dividido pelo número total de glomérulos avaliados, e expressa em porcentagem e presença de glomérulos hialinizados; 2. Alterações vasculares com a presença de arteriolosclerose. A extensão da oclusão arterial foi quantificada em três grupos: menos de 25%, 26% a 50% e acima de 50%. 3. Presença de fibrose intersticial e atrofia tubular. O impacto destas alterações no comportamento da função renal foi avaliado por meio do desenvolvimento IRC, definida com uma TFGe menor que 60ml/minuto/1,73m2 na avaliação mais recente e de acordo com os protocolos do Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative. RESULTADOS: Após um seguimento médio de 49,06 meses, foi observado uma queda média de 26,52% na função renal nos pacientes submetidos à nefrectomia radical. Trinta e cinco dos 65 pacientes evoluíram para IRC. Em uma análise univariada, presença de glomerulosclerose (OR=3,8), arteriosclerose (OR=3.3), fibrose intersticial (OR=3.8), hipertensão arterial (OR=3.7), Diabetes Mellitus (OR=11.6) e idade maior que 60 anos (OR=3.4) associaram-se à evolução para IRC (p < 0.05). Em uma regressão logística multivariada, índice de comorbidade de Charlson (OR= 2,3), GS (OR= 1,2) e TFGe pré-operatória (OR= 0,96) foram estatisticamente significantes. Para cada 2,5% de aumento de alterações glomérulos, houve uma diminuição percentual de 28% da TFGe. CONCLUSÕES: Alterações histológicas do parênquima renal não neoplásico e parâmetros clínicos podem ser utilizados para predizer pacientes que evoluirão para IRC após uma nefrectomia radicalINTRODUCTION: Radical nephrectomy is inevitably associated with a variable renal function decrease. Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent and there are few options for treatment in end stage CKD. The goal, as urologist, should be on optimizing renal function after surgery and not just avoiding dialysis. OBJECTIVES: In patients submitted to radical nephrectomy: 1. Primary objective: Assess the association of histopathological parameters in non-neoplastic renal parenchyma with new onset chronic kidney disease after surgery. 2. Secondary objective: Assess the association of demographic and clinical parameters with new onset chronic kidney disease after surgery. METHODS: Data were extracted from 65 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy. Using The MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) formula, we calculated the estimated glomerular filtration rate preoperatively and at last follow-up. The study end point was development of CKD, defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 60ml/minute/1,73m2. A renal pathologist assessed three histological features in the nonneoplastic parenchyma, including global glomerulosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. For glomerulosclerosis assessment, the percent of affected glomeruli was determined. Arteriosclerosis or the extent of arterial luminal occlusion was graded into three groups, including 1-0% to 25%, 2-26% to 50% and 3-greater than 50%. Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy were evaluated as absent/present. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up of 49,06 months, the eGFR rate decreased 26,52% after radical nephrectomy. Thirty five patients developed CKD. In a univariate analysis, the incidence of CKD was associated with glomerulosclerosis (OR=3,8), interstitial fibrosis (OR=3,8), arteriosclerosis (OR=3,3), hypertension (OR=3,7), Diabetes Mellitus (OR=11,6) and age (OR=3,4) after surgery. In a multivariate analysis, Charlson comorbidity index (OR= 2,3), glomerulosclerosis (OR= 1,2) and baseline eGFR(OR= 0,96) were associated with new onset CKD after radical nephrectomy. For each 2,5% increase in glomerular abnormality the eGFR rate decreased 28% from baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Histologic findings in the nonneoplasic tissue, in addition to clinical parameters, can be used to predict which patients are more likely to develop CKD after radical nephrectomy
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Fored, Michael. "Risk factors for the development of chronic renal failure : epidemiological studies on the role of analgesic use, occupational exposures and socioeconomic background /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-412-7/.
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Kucic, Terrence. "Exploiting the use of mesenchymal stromal cells genetically engineered to overexpress insulin-like growth factor-1 in gene therapy of chronic renal failure." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112527.
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Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are bone marrow-derived, non-hematopoietic progenitors that are amenable to genetic engineering, making them attractive delivery vehicles for therapeutic proteins. However, limited transplanted cell survival compromises the efficacy of MSC-based gene therapy. We hypothesized that co-implantation of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I)-overexpressing MSC (MSC-IGF) would improve MSC-based therapy of anemia by providing paracrine support to erythropoietin (EPO)-secreting MSC (MSC-EPO). Murine MSC were found to express the IGF-I receptor and be responsive to IGF-I stimulation. IGF-I also improved MSC survival in vitro. MSC were admixed in a bovine collagen matrix and implanted by subcutaneous injection in a murine model of chronic renal failure. Mice receiving MSC-EPO co-implanted with MSC-IGF experienced a greater and significantly sustained elevation in hematocrit compared to controls; heart function was also improved. Co-implantation of MSC-IGF therefore represents a promising new strategy for enhancing implanted cell survival, and improving cell-based gene therapy of renal anemia.
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Marquito, Alessandra Batista. "Estudo das interações medicamentosas potenciais na terapêutica de pacientes com doença renal crônica em tratamento conservador." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1185.
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INTRODUÇÃO: Nas últimas décadas, o número de pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC) em todo mundo tem aumentado, ocasionando um grave problema de saúde pública. Os principais fatores de risco para a DRC, além de transplante renal prévio e história familiar de terapia renal substitutiva, são o diabetes mellitus (DM) e a hipertensão arterial (HAS). A essas duas condições potencialmente graves, acrescenta-se o fato de que essa população é constituída predominantemente por indivíduos da terceira idade, que utilizam diversos fármacos, necessários para a abordagem dos fatores de riscos associados à doença, bem como na tentativa de retardar a evolução da doença para estágios mais avançados. Assim, renais crônicos possuem alto risco para a ocorrência de interação medicamentosa (IM), que constitui uma causa de problema relacionado ao medicamento (PRM). Contudo, a extensão e a frequência da IM não têm sido exploradas no processo de uso dos medicamentos desse grupo de indivíduos. OBJETIVO. Identificar potenciais interações entre medicamentos prescritos a renais crônicos em tratamento conservador e fatores associados a sua ocorrência. MÉTODO. Estudo observacional transversal, com análise de 558 prescrições. O potencial interativo dos medicamentos foi traçado tendo como suporte a base de dados MICROMEDEX®, software que disponibiliza farmacopéias conhecidas internacionalmente. RESULTADOS. Houve predomínio de indivíduos do sexo masculino (54,7%), idosos (69,4%), no estágio 3 da DRC (47,5%), com sobrepeso e obesos (66,7%). As comorbidades mais prevalentes foram a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (68,5%) e o diabetes mellitus (31,9%). Interações medicamentosas potenciais foram detectadas em 74,9% das prescrições. De um total de 1364 IMs detectadas, 229 (16,8%) foram de gravidade maior e 5 (0,4%) contraindicadas, com necessidade de intervenção imediata. Interações de gravidade moderada ou menor foram identificadas respectivamente em 1049 (76,9%) e 81 (5,9%) das prescrições. Observou-se que a probabilidade de ocorrência de uma IM aumentou em 2,5 vezes para cada medicamento adicional (IC= 2,18-3,03). Obesidade, diabetes, hipertensão e estágio avançado da DRC foram fatores de risco fortemente associados para ocorrência de IM. CONCLUSÃO. A associação de medicamentos em indivíduos com DRC relacionou-se com alta prevalência de IMs potencialmente graves, especialmente nos estágios mais avançados da doença.
INTRODUCTION: Over the past three decades the incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has risen worldwide. The main risk factors for CKD are above previous kidney transplantation and a positive history of renal replacement therapy, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT). Furthermore, patients with CKD are predominantly over sixty and as a consequence have to take a variety of drugs to control the associated risk factors as well as to attenuate the progression of the disease. Thus, patients with CKD are at high risk for drug interactions (DI) that constitute one cause of drug related problems. However, the extent and frequency of DI is unknown in this group of individuals drug´s use process. OBJECTIVE. Identify potential interactions among drugs prescribed to patients with CKD on conservative treatment, and factors associated with their occurrence. METHODS. Observational cross-sectional study, with analysis of 558 prescriptions. Potential DIs were identified by the database MICROMEDEX®, software that provides an internationally known pharmacopoeia. RESULTS. There was a predominance of males (54.7%), seniors (69.4%), stage 3 CKD (47.5%), overweight and obese patients (66.7%). The most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension (68.5%) and diabetes mellitus (31.9%). Potential DIs were detected in 74.9% of prescriptions. Among the 1364 DIs diagnosed, 5 (0.4%) were contraindicated and 229 (16.8%) of greater severity, which need immediate intervention. Interactions of moderate and low severity were identified in 1049 (76.9%) and 81 (5.9%) prescriptions, respectively. The probability of one DI increased by 2.5 times for each additional drug (CI = 2.18 to 3.03). Obesity, hypertension, diabetes as well as advanced stage of CKD were risk factors strongly associated with DI occurrence. CONCLUSION. Drug associations in individuals with CKD were related to high prevalence of serious DIs, especially in the later stages of the disease.
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Hagren, Birger. "Att leva med hemodialysbehandling." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7140-173-3/.
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Santos, Luciana da Ressurreição. "Controle da pressão arterial e doença renal crônica." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7725.
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Objective: Identify the association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and Blood Pressure (BP) control in hypertensive patients. Methods: Longitudinal descriptive and retrospective study conducted at the Federal University of Goias Clinics Hospital Hypertension League. Inclusion criteria: hypertensive patients older than 18 years, both males and females with at least one year of follow-up. Exclusion: secondary hypertension, diabetes, pregnant women, hematuria, proteinuria > 1g/24h or > 2+ (100-300mg/dL) and cilindruria. The study was approved by the Ethics Research Committee of the Clinics Hospital at Federal University of Goias. Medical charts review collected data on clinical history, sociodemographic, BP, serum creatinine from the first and last visit (2015) to the service. After the initial data collection two groups were determined: controlled hypertensives (BP<140/90mmHg) and uncontrolled hypertensives (BP≥140/90 mmHg). Variables: age, sex, Overweight/obesity, race (white, black), physical activity (regular, irregular and absent), smoking (smoker, nonsmoker and former smoker), BP, former personal and family history of cardiovascular and renal disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to analyze the distribution of normality of the continuous variables; for the comparison of means the Student's T-test for related samples or Mann-Whitney U was applied. The Pearson chi-square test or Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze association between categorical variables. For all tests the significance level of 5% and 95% confidence interval were considered. Results: 164 patients participated in the study, 45 in the controlled hypertensive group and 119 in the uncontrolled group. The mean patients age was 64.14 years, with predominance of women. There was no difference between races. Patients with overweight were the majority, with no changes over time. Former smokers and non-smokers were also the majority. Sedentary lifestyle was more evident in women. There was eGFR reduction in all patients, with no differences in relation to BP control. Data analysis considering the group with CKD and controlled BP x CKD and uncontrolled BP showed no statistically significant difference in relation to age, sex, race, BMI, blood pressure, physical activity and initial creatinine. Follow-up of patients with CKD and controlled BP was higher. Most patients were in early CKD stages. Conclusion: Hypertension time was more important to the establishment of CKD than BP control in the study. There is a high prevalence of patients in early CKD stages, seen by serum creatinine measurements. It is necessary to review blood pressure goals in order to obtain nephroprotection in patients at risk.
Objetivo: Identificar a associação entre Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) e controle de Pressão Arterial (PA) em pacientes portadores de hipertensão arterial (HA). Material e Método: Estudo longitudinal, descritivo e retrospectivo realizado na Liga de Hipertensão Arterial (LHA) do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás. Critérios de inclusão: pacientes com HA maiores que 18 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos com seguimento na LHA há pelo menos um ano. Excluídos: pacientes com HA secundária, diabéticos, gestantes, com hematúria, com proteinúria > 1g/24h ou > 2+ (100-300mg/dL) no exame simples de urina e cilindrúria. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital das Clínicas da UFG. Realizada revisão de prontuário, com coleta de dados da história clínica, dados sócio-demográficos, valores de PA, resultados de creatinina sérica da primeira consulta na LHA e da última consulta médica em 2015. Após coleta de dados dois grupos foram formados de acordo com o controle da PA em 2015: pacientes hipertensos controlados com PA < 140x90mmHg e pacientes hipertensos não controlados com PA ≥ 140x90mmHg. Variáveis: idade, sexo, sobrepeso/obesidade, raça (branco, não branco), atividade física (regular, irregular e ausente), tabagismo (tabagista, ex-tabagista e não tabagista), medidas de PA, história pregressa pessoal e familiar de doença cardiovascular e renal, taxa de filtração glomerular estimada (TFGe). As variáveis numéricas são apresentadas em média (± desvio padrão). Foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para análise da distribuição de normalidade das variáveis contínuas; para a comparação de médias foi aplicado o teste T-Student para amostras relacionadas ou U de Mann-Whitney. O teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson ou Análise de Variância (ANOVA) foram utilizados para analisar associação entre variáveis categóricas. Para todos os testes foi considerado o nível de significância de 5% e intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 164 pacientes, sendo 119 com PA não controlada e 45 com PA controlada. A idade média dos pacientes foi 64,14 anos, com predomínio de mulheres. Não houve diferença entre raças. Pacientes com excesso de peso predominaram, sem mudanças ao longo do tempo. Predominaram ex-tabagistas e não tabagistas. Sedentarismo foi mais evidente em mulheres. Houve redução da TFGe em todos os pacientes, mas sem diferença em relação ao controle da PA. A análise dos dados considerando o grupo com DRC e PA controlada e DRC e PA não controlada não mostrou diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação à idade, sexo, raça, pressão arterial, IMC, atividade física e creatinina inicial. O tempo de seguimento dos pacientes não controlados e com DRC foi maior. Predominaram pacientes em categorias iniciais de DRC. Conclusão: O tempo de HA foi mais importante para o estabelecimento de DRC que o controle da PA no estudo. Há alta prevalência de pacientes em categorias iniciais da DRC, visto com a medida de creatinina sérica. É necessário rever as metas pressóricas a fim de se obter nefroproteção em pacientes de risco.