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Pang, Laikwan. "Copying Kill Bill." Social Text 23, no. 2 (2005): 133–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01642472-23-2_83-133.
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Grant, J. "Kill the Bill." South Atlantic Quarterly 111, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-1472675.
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The Lancet. "It's time to kill this Bill." Lancet 378, no. 9799 (October 2011): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(11)61555-9.
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Debrix, François. "Kill Bill, Volume I and Volume II." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 34, no. 2 (February 2006): 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298060340020901.
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Renda, Andrea, and Roberto Pardolesi. "The European Commission’s Case Against Microsoft: Kill Bill?" World Competition 27, Issue 4 (December 1, 2004): 513–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2004029.
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The recent decision issued by the European Commission against Microsoft raises legitimate concerns in many respects. Firstly, the way the Commission handled the proceeding highlighted the impasse that characterises antitrust authorities when dealing with complex cases from the high-tech world. Secondly, the Commission adopted an incorrect approach to interoperability, confusing it with perfect emulation of Microsoft’s copyrighted source code. Thirdly, the Commission showed little or no attention to the economics of technological leveraging in dealing with the media player market, and ended up awkwardly mimicking the rationale upheld by the US District Judge in the "browsers war". We conclude by calling for more sound economic analysis at the European Commission, and suggesting solutions which would significantly improve the level-playing-field in the server software and in the media player markets without hindering incentives to invest and consequently stifling innovation.
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WHITE, EILEEN. "FROM SHANE TO KILL BILL: RETHINKING THE WESTERN." Journal of Film and Video 61, no. 3 (October 1, 2009): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20688638.
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Dawson, Lesel. "Revenge and the Family Romance in Tarantino’s Kill Bill." Mosaic: a journal for the interdisciplinary study of literature 47, no. 2 (2014): 121–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mos.2014.0022.
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Gordon, Paul. "Judith and Beatrix: Oedipal Echo-Effects in Kill Bill." American Imago 76, no. 1 (2019): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aim.2019.0003.
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Fioravante, Karina Eugenia, and Almir Nabozny. ""A Vingança é um prato que se come frio": a construção da paisagem cinemática em Tarantino." ENTRE-LUGAR 10, no. 19 (July 30, 2019): 298–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.30612/el.v10i19.8916.
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O objetivo desta reflexão é discutir a construção da paisagem cinemática nos filmes Kill Bill vol. 01 e Kill Bill vol. 02 do cineasta norte-americano Quentin Tarantino. Primeiramente, é discutido a especificidade das paisagens cinemáticas no contexto da Geografia. Em um segundo momento, utiliza-se como recurso metodológico elementos próprios da técnica cinematográfica como enquadramentos, planos, ângulos, movimentos de câmera, cor e iluminação e chegou-se a conclusão de que os cenários e paisagens que compõe os filmes são criados a partir de práticas diferenciadas que conferem aos filmes paisagens que evidenciam elementos de pertencimento e não pertencimento, de coerência e estranhamento, de linearidade e subversão, bem como, de harmonia e incômodo.
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Göksel Demiray, Basak. "The Avenging Females: A Comparative Analysis of Kill Bill Vol.1-2, Death Proof and Sympathy for Lady Vengeance." CINEJ Cinema Journal 1, no. 2 (April 8, 2012): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2012.40.
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This paper provides a comparative analysis of Quentin Tarantino’s Kill Bill Vol.1-2 (2003, 2004), Death Proof (2007) and Park Chan Wook’s Sympathy for Lady Vengeance (Chinjeolhan Geumjassi, 2005). The primary objectives of this study are: (1) to reveal the gender-biases inherent to the fundamental discursive structures of the foregoing films; (2) to compare and contrast the films through an analysis of the ‘gaze(s)’ and possible ‘pleasures’, which are inherent in their narratives, in relation to Laura Mulvey’s and Carol Clover’s approaches; and (3) to distinguish Kill Bill Vol.1-2 from the foregoing two and the ‘avenging female’ clichés of the other horror/violence movies in the context of the replaced positionings of its protagonist and antagonist inherent in its distinct narrative style.
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Ferguson, Jane M. "From Shane to Kill Bill: Rethinking the Western by Patrick McGee." Visual Anthropology Review 25, no. 1 (May 2009): 79–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-7458.2009.01018.x.
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Lister, John. "Will Liberal Democrats take the chance to kill the Health Bill?" Lancet 379, no. 9819 (March 2012): 869–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60362-6.
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Strand, Cecilia. "Kill Bill! Ugandan human rights organizations' attempts to influence the media's coverage of the Anti-Homosexuality Bill." Culture, Health & Sexuality 13, no. 8 (September 2011): 917–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2011.589080.
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Tierney, Sean M. "Themes of Whiteness in Bulletproof Monk, Kill Bill, and The Last Samurai." Journal of Communication 56, no. 3 (August 3, 2006): 607–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00303.x.
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Bryant, Melanie, and Jennifer Frahm. "‘Kill Bill’ and the change agent: A multi-genre approach to organizational stories." Journal of Management & Organization 17, no. 6 (November 2011): 797–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200001188.
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AbstractThis paper argues that change practitioners could benefit from expanding change communication strategies to allow for the emergence and use of multi-genre change stories in place of minimalist storylines. We argue that minimalist storylines do not acknowledge the polyvocal view of change that has been discussed in storytelling theory or engage with multiple modes of understanding and suggest that change agents adopt a multi-genre approach to storytelling to address this gap. Drawing from Quentin Tarantino's movies Kill Bill 1 & 2 as an example of how stories can be constructed, this paper proposes that the use of multiple story genres increases the likelihood of audiences finding a genre they can relate to, thus increasing better audience reach. Findings suggest that existing change narrative types can be viewed as genres of organizational change and added to change agents' repertoires to make change communication interventions more appropriate and appealing to employees. While our paper aims to provide a conceptual way forward for change agents, we acknowledge that change agents need to engage with living stories in the future. Living stories recognize the multiple loose ends developed from past and present change experiences that can be used to construct new stories, which are more likely to transform organizations and acknowledge the unfolding nature of change.
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Bryant, Melanie, and Jennifer Frahm. "‘Kill Bill’ and the change agent: A multi-genre approach to organizational stories." Journal of Management & Organization 17, no. 6 (November 2011): 797–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2011.17.6.797.
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Bryant, Melanie, and Jennifer Frahm. "‘Kill Bill’ and the change agent: A multi-genre approach to organizational stories." Journal of Management & Organization 17, no. 6 (November 2011): 797–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2011.797.
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AbstractThis paper argues that change practitioners could benefit from expanding change communication strategies to allow for the emergence and use of multi-genre change stories in place of minimalist storylines. We argue that minimalist storylines do not acknowledge the polyvocal view of change that has been discussed in storytelling theory or engage with multiple modes of understanding and suggest that change agents adopt a multi-genre approach to storytelling to address this gap. Drawing from Quentin Tarantino's movies Kill Bill 1 & 2 as an example of how stories can be constructed, this paper proposes that the use of multiple story genres increases the likelihood of audiences finding a genre they can relate to, thus increasing better audience reach. Findings suggest that existing change narrative types can be viewed as genres of organizational change and added to change agents' repertoires to make change communication interventions more appropriate and appealing to employees. While our paper aims to provide a conceptual way forward for change agents, we acknowledge that change agents need to engage with living stories in the future. Living stories recognize the multiple loose ends developed from past and present change experiences that can be used to construct new stories, which are more likely to transform organizations and acknowledge the unfolding nature of change.
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POLAT, Bülent. "EMRAH YÜCEL SİNEMA FİLM AFİŞLERİNDEN NEW YORK'TA BEŞ MİNARE VE KİLL BİLL FİLM AF." Journal of Academic Social Science Studies 5, Number: 69 (January 1, 2018): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/jasss7661.
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Robbins, Glyn, and Marjorie Mayo. "Kill the Housing Bill: trade unionists and housing activists campaign for ‘Secure Homes for All’." Theory & Struggle 117 (April 2016): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/ts.2016.6.
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Kmietowicz, Z. "Liberal Democrats vent opposition to health reforms in England but fail to "kill the bill"." BMJ 344, mar13 1 (March 13, 2012): e2012-e2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e2012.
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White, Eileen. "From Shane to Kill Bill: Rethinking the Western (review)." Journal of Film and Video 61, no. 3 (2009): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jfv.0.0040.
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Van Zandt, Samantha. "The Triumph of Trauma: Tarantino Style." Film Matters 12, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/fm_00158_7.
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In Kill Bill Vol. 1 and 2, Quentin Tarantino uses thematic symbolism to demonstrate the evolution of the film’s characters by assigning them code names. Each character’s code name is a different species of snake or is related to snakes: Black Mamba, Copperhead, Cottonmouth, Sidewinder, California Kingsnake, and Snake Charmer. Their aliases are a few examples of Easter eggs concealed in the films. The code names portray aspects of their character and the story of their growth as individuals. The protagonist, Beatrix Kiddo undergoes numerous aliases and evolves throughout the film through her recovery from immense trauma.
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Rowe, Melissah, Gábor Árpád Czirják, Kevin J. McGraw, and Mathieu Giraudeau. "Sexual ornamentation reflects antibacterial activity of ejaculates in mallards." Biology Letters 7, no. 5 (April 13, 2011): 740–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0276.
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Bacteria present in ejaculates can impair sperm function and reduce male reproductive success. Thus, selection should favour the evolution of antimicrobial defences to limit the detrimental effects of sperm-associated bacteria. Additionally, current hypotheses suggest that ornamental traits may signal information about the infection status of an individual or the ability of an individual to resist bacterial-induced sperm damage. However, despite the evolutionary implications of ejaculate antimicrobials, and the putative importance of pathogens for the evolution of male ornamentation, tests of these hypotheses are lacking. We examined the antibacterial activity of semen from mallard ducks ( Anas platyrhynchos ) and tested whether the bactericidal capacity of semen was associated with bill coloration, a sexually selected trait. We show that mallard semen exhibits significant antibacterial activity, as measured by the in vitro capacity to kill Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . Furthermore, we demonstrate that males with more colourful bills have semen with superior bacterial-killing ability. These results suggest that females could use male phenotypic traits to avoid sexually transmitted pathogens and acquire partners whose sperm suffer less bacteria-induced damage.
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Smith, Dave. "State suppression of trade unions — overt and covert, old and new." Theory & Struggle 123, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/ts.2022.10.
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When even the BBC have criticised the handling of the Sarah Everard vigils by the Metropolitan Police, and flag waving patriots in the Labour Party oppose the Johnson government’s proposed legislation, you begin to realise the extent of the drift towards authoritarianism. The Police, Crime and Sentencing Bill is just one such example The UK political police units also send their officers to work undercover within the labour movement. And they cultivate informants within the trade union movement itself, enabling them to supply employers with the information needed to identify and then blacklist progressive trade union activists. Sharon Graham’s pledge to uncover the truth about any collusion by UNITE officials in blacklisting is therefore to be welcomed. Marxists, especially those active in the labour movement, should be outraged by the drift towards authoritarianism by the British state, but not surprised. Fortunately, young people have turned out in their thousands at Kill The Bill protests against the Tories’ proposed new authoritarian laws, though, and unions are beginning to rediscover the more muscular organising methods of the past.
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Satriadi, Satriadi. "Delik Santet Dalam Konstruksi RUU-KUHP." Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam 5, no. 2 (July 16, 2020): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35673/ajmpi.v5i2.807.
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This study discusses witchcraft (santet) as one of the controversial offenses in the Criminal Code Bill. Socially, witchcraft (santet) is believed to be an act that can harm people, narrate, or even kill people. However, based on the principle of legality and the difficulty of proving, acts of witchcraft (santet) cannot be criminalized so it is not uncommon for people accused of being witchcraft (santet) to due of process of law. To analyze and understand the offense of witchcraft (santet) in the construction of the Draft Bill of the Criminal Code, this study utilizes normative legal research methods whose data are obtained through a literature study. The results showed that witchcraft (santet) as a criminal act was constructed into the category of the formal offense whose proof did not lead to the presence or absence of magical power possessed by someone, but criminalized was a criminal offense committed, namely a person who intentionally announced he had supernatural powers, offered his services in undertaking harm to others in the form of illness, death or mental or physical suffering.
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Sustaita, Diego, Margaret A. Rubega, and Susan M. Farabaugh. "Come on baby, let's do the twist: the kinematics of killing in loggerhead shrikes." Biology Letters 14, no. 9 (September 2018): 20180321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0321.
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Shrikes use their beaks for procuring, dispatching and processing their arthropod and vertebrate prey. However, it is not clear how the raptor-like bill of this predatory songbird functions to kill vertebrate prey that may weigh more than the shrike itself. In this paper, using high-speed videography, we observed that upon seizing prey with their beaks, shrikes performed rapid (6–17 Hz; 49–71 rad s −1 ) axial head-rolling movements. These movements accelerated the bodies of their prey about their own necks at g -forces of approximately 6 g , and may be sufficient to cause pathological damage to the cervical vertebrae and spinal cord. Thus, when tackling relatively large vertebrates, shrikes appear to use inertia of their prey's own body against them.
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Kelleher, Maureen. "Baldwin’s Perfect Storm." James Baldwin Review 7, no. 1 (September 28, 2021): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/jbr.7.13.
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James Baldwin’s arrest in Paris in December 1949 gave birth to his perfect storm. His ten days in Fresnes jail weakened him physically and emotionally. He made it out, but upon release he was mired in self-doubt and enveloped in a bout of depression. He returned to his hotel, ready to try to get back to his life, however daunting that effort would be. The hotelier’s demand that he settle his bill, and do it quickly, awakened his obsession with suicide. He simply could not handle one more obstacle in his path; he chose to kill himself in his room. Ironically, he saved his life when he jumped off a chair with a sheet around his neck. In a matter of seconds his death wish was replaced by his equally obsessive need to write, witness, think, party, drink, challenge, and love.
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Holt, Jason. "Casting Allusions." Aesthetic Investigations 2, no. 2 (July 11, 2019): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.58519/aesthinv.v2i2.11969.
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The modest philosophical literature on allusion focuses on descriptive issues concerning literary examples, and thus tends to neglect both allusions in other media and normative concerns about allusions in general. In this paper I will help fill both gaps through an analysis of three different cases of what I call casting allusions, which depend on the audience’s recognition that a certain cast member was also in the cast of a different work. These cases vary greatly in aesthetic merit, and this is best explained via two dimensions of allusive value: richness (given the medium) and dynamic engagement. All else being equal, an allusion will be more aesthetically pleasing when it relies on a wider variety of medium-relevant channels or prompts less passive, more evolving audience response. Such an account finds further support in elaborate cinematic examples, such as the tapestry of allusions to Bruce Lee in the Kill Bill films.
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Spottiswoode, Claire N., and Jeroen Koorevaar. "A stab in the dark: chick killing by brood parasitic honeyguides." Biology Letters 8, no. 2 (September 7, 2011): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0739.
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The most virulent avian brood parasites obligately kill host young soon after hatching, thus ensuring their monopoly of host parental care. While the host eviction behaviour of cuckoos (Cuculidae) is well documented, the host killing behaviour of honeyguide (Indicatoridae) chicks has been witnessed only once, 60 years ago, and never in situ in host nests. Here, we report from the Afrotropical greater honeyguide the first detailed observations of honeyguides killing host chicks with their specially adapted bill hooks, based on repeated video recordings (available in the electronic supplementary material). Adult greater honeyguides puncture host eggs when they lay their own, but in about half of host nests at least one host egg survived, precipitating chick killing by the honeyguide hatchling. Hosts always hatched after honeyguide chicks, and were killed within hours. Despite being blind and in total darkness, honeyguides attacked host young with sustained biting, grasping and shaking motions. Attack time of 1–5 min was sufficient to cause host death, which took from 9 min to over 7 h from first attack. Honeyguides also bit unhatched eggs and human hands, but only rarely bit the host parents feeding them.
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Eriksson, Maria. "Constructing Resistance." Educare - vetenskapliga skrifter, no. 4 (December 16, 2019): 42–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/educare.2019.4.3.
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The following paper discusses a paradox in Swedish schools: while a norm critical perspective more commonly is implemented in school settings by a growing number of teachers, many classrooms remain color mute. However, the active effort to keep the race issue silenced confirms its very importance (Castagno 2008). Based on ethnographic fieldwork at an upper secondary school with a national Visual Arts program, I video recorded a group of pupils working with an art film assignment. The theme for the task was “power and resistance”, and the pupils selected a non-white, feminine body in order to represent the position of the subordinate. I examine how femininity and sexuality are performed and encouraged to be negotiated and problematized in formal education, how inequalities are both reproduced and challenged. Challenged in the informal settings, when the pupils play around in pauses, imitating vampires or Uma Thurman in Kill Bill. Reproduced in formal settings when teachers interact - or when the camera is recording. But at the same time as the pupils perform these subject positions there is something more going on; a hint of something unspoken that participants still assign significance. There seems to be aspects of the visualization of bodies that may not be articulated in words, but still is employed as a resource when pupils uses their own bodies and appearance to create an aesthetic utterance about subordination. Thus, I analyze how gender, sexuality and race interact as discursive and aesthetic practices, in some young people's visual arts assignment.
Key words: aesthetics, art education, femininity, race, subjectivity
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Frazier, Richard T. "A Pastoral Response to Society's Polarization." Journal of Pastoral Care 49, no. 3 (September 1995): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002234099504900308.
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Expresses a personal sadness over America society's current tendencies to polarize moral positions along extreme lines. Offers a pastoral response to such polarization tendencies by drawing upon prophetic traditions of both Judaism and Christianity. Offers some practical guidelines for pastoral caregivers, recognizing the inevitable ambiguities that accompany the search for God and for personal meaning within the complex realities and dynamics of a rapidly changing world. Randall Terry [spokesman for the pro-life organization Operation Rescue]: “The bottom line is that killing children is not what America is all about. We are not here to destroy our offspring.” Fay Wattleton [president of Planned Parenthood]: “Well, we are also not here to have the government use women's bodies as the instrument of the state, to force women into involuntary servitude—” Randall Terry (laughing): “Oh come on Faye.” Faye Wattleton: “I think that as Americans celebrate the Fourth of July, our independence, and when we reflect on our personal liberties, this is a very, very somber time, in which the courts have said that the most private aspects of our lives are now … not protected by the Bill of Rights and the Constitution. And I believe that that is a time for Americans to reflect on the need to return to the fundamentals, and the fundamentals of personal privacy are really the cornerstones upon which our democracy is built.” Randall Terry: “I think that to assume or even suggest that the founding fathers of this country risked their lives and many of them died so that we can kill our offspring is pathetic.”
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Gjelsvik, Anne. "Etiske lesninger i fiksjonens frirom." K&K - Kultur og Klasse 36, no. 106 (March 22, 2009): 120–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kok.v36i106.22027.
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Ethical Readings in the Unbiassed Sphere of Fiction:This article defends an ethical criticism of fiction film. Drawing on the so-called »ethical turn« in philosophy and literary criticism, as well as perspectives from new tendencies in cognitive film theory, Gjelsvik argues that an ethical criticism is not just possible, but unavoidable.Using contemporary American fiction film and the depiction of violence as her main case-study, she aims to show that there is no such thing as a separate fictional realm beyond the scope of ethical evaluations. A central example in her discussion is Quentin Tarantino’s Kill Bill, a movie which was regarded by the Norwegian film reviewers as a fairy-tale and »just for fun«; accordingly the movie’s depiction of violence was not subject to an ethical criticism. Gjelsvik points to several reasons why this position (close to »aestheticism« in art theory) is inadequate, and she proposes a moderate version of ethical criticism instead. She discusses the moderate position as formulated by Berys Gaut and Noël Carroll, both philosophers who also have worked extensively on film art, trying to transfer their perspectives on art onto popular culture.She argues that such an approach also needs to take into consideration the emotions evoked by the movie and by violent depictions in particular. Whereas cognitive film theorists have foregrounded the similarities between the viewers’ emotional response to film and their real-life emotions, Gjelsvik makes a case for the importance of considering the distinctive features of fiction and cinematic depictions.The overall argument is that, as the relation between moral and aesthetic values is complex, ethical criticism should not aim for categorical evaluation. On the contrary, the position should take into consideration the heterogeneousness of fiction film, for instance in the differences between different movies’ depiction of violence, and acknowledge the value of ambivalent reactions towards fiction as well.
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Syamsuddin, Syamsuddin, Ridwan Ridwan, and Iksan Iksan. "The Crime of Witchcraft and Vigilante Action (Eigenrichting)." Jurnal Daulat Hukum 4, no. 4 (November 24, 2021): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v4i4.17951.
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The witchcraft incident in Bima Regency has threatened the safety and security of human life, witchcraft has triggered people to take vigilante actions (Eigenrichting) as a counter reaction by means of destruction, persecution and even murder. This study aims to determine public perceptions related to witchcraft, and also to find out why witchcraft always results in mass vigilante action (Eigenrichting) so that prevention and resolution efforts can be formulated. This study uses empirical or sociological research, data collection is carried out by direct and structured interviews and through literature study, while drawing conclusions using inductive methods. The results showed, first; In the period 2016-2021, there were 53 cases of alleged witchcraft practices in Bima Regency, damaging the social order and disrupting community stability. The community considers witchcraft as a dangerous or evil act, because the motive and purpose of using witchcraft is to torture, and/or kill human souls; Second; The behavior of witchcraft has led to vigilante actions (Eigenrichting) in some people, this is due to the existence of a legal vacuum that has not regulated the act of witchcraft and how to solve it legally. The act of vigilantism (Eigenrichting) appears as a form of reaction that arises from the community due to their rights and comfort being disturbed, which action is manifested in the form of violence as an act of revenge against the perpetrators of witchcraft. The juridical conclusion that the terminology of witchcraft and vigilante acts (Eigenrichting) have not been specifically regulated in the current laws and regulations as prohibited acts and are threatened with punishment. As a suggestion that the terminology and elements of the criminal act of witchcraft in the current Criminal Code Bill need to be expanded further, as well as the system of proving the crime of witchcraft in the Indonesian criminal procedure law needs to obtain further, more complete arrangements.
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Welsh, M. "From Shane to Kill Bill: Rethinking the Western. By Patrick McGee. (Malden: Blackwell, 2007. xviii, 262 pp. Cloth, $74.95, ISBN 978-1-4051-3964-9. Paper, $29.95, ISBN 978-1-4051-3965-6.)." Journal of American History 94, no. 3 (December 1, 2007): 997–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25095263.
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Rovner, Julie. "US Senate kills tobacco bill." Lancet 351, no. 9120 (June 1998): 1941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)78635-9.
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Gal-Or, Benjamin. "Jet Engines – The New Masters of Advanced Flight Control." International Journal of Turbo & Jet-Engines 35, no. 2 (May 25, 2018): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjj-2018-9010.
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Abstract ANTICIPATED UNITED STATES CONGRESS ACT should lead to reversing a neglected duty to the people by supporting FAA induced bill to civilize classified military air combat technology to maximize flight safety of airliners and cargo jet transports, in addition to FAA certifying pilots to master Jet-Engine Steering (“JES”) as automatic or pilot recovery when Traditional Aerodynamic-only Flight Control (“TAFC”) fails to prevent a crash and other related damages [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42]. Replacement of propeller driven air vehicles with jet engines marks the first jet-engine historical revolution. Yet designers of TAFC still a priori arrest jet engines to provide only brute force forward – a practice leading to wrong freezing of wings, tails, canards, landing gear, airframe and avionics prior to selection of off-the-shelf jet engine to fit that non-integrated design. A second jet-engine revolution is currently in. It originated by failures of TAFC to function and prevent catastrophes especially in post-stall flight domains, takeoff and landing, which mark the JES-Revolution. Full scale JES implementation started in 1986 in the U.S. by YF-22 design [24, 31, 32, 33, 34]. Three years later the YF-22 prototype was selected over the YF-23 that lacked IPA-78402 JES Technologies [31] like 60+ to 1 kill-ratio advantage during WVR air combat – a revolution gradually followed by RUSSIA, CHINA, INDIA, JAPAN and South KOREA [20, 21, 28]. Civilizing JES to maximize future passengers flight safety by preventing various airlines catastrophes [8] had been successfully first flight tested by a subscale JES-Boeing-727 under U.S. FAA support [8, 25]. Pro and cons of military vs. civil JES-technologies are presented by this editorial.
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HANSON, DAVID. "Pesticide reform bill kills Delaney clause." Chemical & Engineering News 74, no. 30 (July 22, 1996): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v074n030.p010a.
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Alqadri, Maghfira Syalendri. "ANALISIS RUU OMNIBUS LAW PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP PEMUNGUTAN PAJAK DAERAH." TANJUNGPURA LAW JOURNAL 4, no. 2 (August 15, 2020): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/tlj.v4i2.40749.
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Condition of Indonesia's shrinking economic state made Indonesia's Goverment feels it is necessary to take concrete steps to increasing the national economic state by growing investment through deregulation aimed at resolving regulatory and bureaucratic problems, weak law enforcement, and business uncertainty that are a burden on industrial competitiveness and ease of doing business. Indoesia's Central Government through the Ministry of Finance in December 2019 endorsed the Draft of Tax Omnibus Law which is considered to be a solution to the condition of Indonesia. With regard to the regulation of regional tax rates in this regulation, it will be regulated simultaneously by the Central Government, on the other hand Regional governments have broad regional autonomy, not least in the regulation of local tax collection in their respective regions. The research uses normative juridical research to retrieve, analyze, and study the literature, scientific work, documents / archives and writings that are relevant to the research problem. The purpose of this study is to analyze the Tax Omnibus Law Bill in Indonesia. Based on these results it is known that the formation of the omnibus law can be done as long as it is formed based on existing laws and regulations. The impact of implementing the omnibus law on taxation can kill the sustainability and independence of regional autonomy.Dengan keadaan perekonomian yang semakin lesu, Pemerintah Indonesia merasa perlu melakukan langkah-langkah nyata untuk menggerakkan ekonomi nasional yakni dengan cara meningkatkan investasi melalui deregulasi yang bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan masalah regulasi dan birokrasi, lemahnya penegakan hukum, dan ketidakpastian usaha yang menjadi beban daya saing industri maupun kemudahan berusaha. Pemerintah Pusat melalui Kementerian Keuangan pada Desember 2019 mengesahkan Naskah RUU Omnibus Law Perpajakan yang dianggap dapat menjadi solusi akan kondisi Indonesia. Terhadap pengaturan tarif pajak daerah pada aturan ini akan diatur secara serentak oleh Pemerintah Pusat, di sisi lain Pemerintah Daerah memiliki otonomi daerah yang luas, tak terkecuali pada pengaturan pemungutan pajak daerah di wilayahnya masing-masing. Penelitian menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif, yang akan mengambil, menganalisis, mempelajari dan menelaah literatur-literatur, karya ilmiah, dokumen/arsip dan tulisan yang relevan dengan permasalahan penelitian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis RUU Omnibus Law Perpajakan di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut diketahui bahwa pembentukan omnibus law dapat dilakukan sepanjang dibentuk berdasarkan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang sudah ada. Dampak dari dilaksanakannya omnibus law mengenai perpajakan ini dapat mematikan keberlangsungan maupun independensi dari otonomi daerah.
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Baker, B. "Washington Watch: Risk assessment kills bills." BioScience 45, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioscience/45.1.15.
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Holzgruber, Clemens. "Pierre Vogel’s and Bilal Philips’s Criticisms of Jihadism." Journal of Muslims in Europe 9, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 150–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22117954-12341417.
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Abstract In 2016, the Islamic State (IS) called upon its supporters to kill two of the most influential Western Salafi preachers, Pierre Vogel from Germany and Bilal Philips from Canada, for apostasy. This article investigates how Vogel and Philips have criticised Jihadism, changes in their criticism over time, and their responses to the allegations launched against them by IS. Furthermore, it illustrates why it is difficult to classify Vogel and Philips according to the influential categorisation of Salafism put forward by Quintan Wiktorowicz.
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Jung, Nu Ri. "A Study on the Violability of Chapter Two of the KORUS FTA by Legislative Bills on Vehicle Taxation: Focusing on the Interpretation of Engine Displacement." Korea International Law Review 63 (October 31, 2022): 141–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25197/kilr.2022.63.141.
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The Free Trade Agreement between the Republic of Korea and the United States of America (hereinafter “KORUS FTA”) specifically addresses South Korea’s motor vehicle tax system, and includes provisions to amend the Annual Vehicle Tax, established under the Local Tax Act. Article 127 of the Local Tax Act was revised in December 2011, accordingly. In accordance with Article 127 of the Local Tax Act, vehicle tax on possession of vehicle for passenger vehicle (hereinafter “vehicle tax”) shall be taxed at vehicle engine displacement. However, due to the increasing supply of expensive high power vehicles with low engine displacement and electric vehicles in the market, along with technology advancements, currently the proportional relationship between engine displacement and vehicle price has been undermined, and thus the regressiveness of tax burden in vehicle tax has been intensified. Since the former 19th National Assembly, a total of five legislative bills on the amendment of Article 127 of the Local Tax Act have been proposed in order to change the base of vehicle tax from engine displacement to vehicle price.
The purpose of this paper is to study whether such proposed taxation measure would be inconsistent with Chapter Two of the KORUS FTA - particularly Articles 2.12 and 2.2 of the Agreement. The paper first introduces South Korea’s current vehicle taxation and those five legislative bills. Then the paper examines major legislative issues of the proposed taxation measure, focusing on the interpretation of provisions about engine displacement under the KORUS FTA. The paper approaches the issues from an objective but somewhat defensive perspective, so as to further preserve tax sovereignty of South Korea. More specifically, this paper seeks to develop legal arguments that can increase the consistency of the proposed taxation measure with paragraphs (1) and (3) in Article 2.12 of the KORUS FTA, by invoking principle of in dubio mitius and principle of evolutive treaty interpretation, when construing the provisions.
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Synowiec, Alicja, Kinga Żyła, Małgorzata Gniewosz, and Marek Kieliszek. "An effect of positional isomerism of benzoic acid derivatives on antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli." Open Life Sciences 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 594–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2021-0060.
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Abstract This study demonstrated the effect of positional isomerism of benzoic acid derivatives against E. coli ATCC 700728 with the serotype O157. The addition of hydroxyl and methoxyl substituents weakened the effect of acids against E. coli with respect to benzoic acid (except 2-hydroxybenzoic). The connection of the hydroxyl group at the second carbon atom in the benzoic ring reduced the time needed to kill bacterial cells. Phenolic acids with methoxyl substitutes limited the biofilm formation by E. coli to a greater extent than hydroxyl derivatives. The most significant influence on the antibacterial activity of phenolic acids has the type of substituent attached to the benzoic ring, their number, and finally the number of carbon atoms at which the functional group is located.
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Strohmayer, Ulf. "An was genau erinnert „Kiel 1969“?" Geographica Helvetica 75, no. 3 (July 16, 2020): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-75-215-2020.
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Abstract. Für die Verortung der deutschen akademischen Humangeographie im Geflecht zwischen wissenschaftlicher Praxis, theoretischen Propositionen und Lehralltag war der Geographentag in Kiel im Jahre 1969 ein Meilenstein. Anlässlich der Erinnerung an den Ort und die Debatten vor 50 Jahren wurde wiederum Kiel im Jahre 2019 zu einem Ort der Reflektion. Der hier vorliegende Beitrag versucht in einer bewusst persönlich formulierten Art die Impulse, die von „Kiel 1969“ ausgingen, im universitären Alltag des Geographischen Institutes der TU München in den 1980er Jahren zu verorten und hierdurch gewissermaßen zu relativieren. Hierdurch entsteht ein differenziertes Bild von richtungsweisenden Veränderungen und verharrenden Strukturen, welche ineinander verwoben die damals überregional bekannte Münchener Sozialgeographie charakterisierten – und für die deutschsprachige Humangeographie über die speziell Münchner Zustände hinaus bezeichnend waren.
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Vermeulen, K., and B. Spies. "Musikale narratief in Benjamin Britten se opera Billy Budd." Literator 28, no. 1 (July 30, 2007): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v28i1.152.
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Musical narrative in Benjamin Britten’s opera Billy Budd In Herman Melville’s story, which is set on a British warship during the Napoleonic wars, Billy Budd becomes the object of a jealous master-at-arms, John Claggart. When the young Billy faces Captain Vere about Claggart’s false accusation of mutiny, he stutters and in a moment of despair, kills Claggart with one blow. The death sentence is inevitable. The discrepancy between the nature of the three main characters and their actual deeds results in ambiguity. Billy, the innocent boy, kills. Vere, the father figure, does not protect Billy on the day of his conviction. Claggart, the manipulator, cannot avoid his own death and dies as the victim. This article takes Melville’s story and its historic background as a point of departure to investigate the correspondence between the narrative and the unfolding of the music in the opera by Benjamin Britten. The analysis shows that specific musical images depict the diverse, dualistic nature of the three main characters in the opera. Furthermore, the manner in which these musical images are transformed in the course of the opera depicts the evolving plot to create a musical narrative. By promoting the understanding of the manner in which the musical narrative communicates a message, this article is an attempt to contribute to the hermeneutic project in the field of music.
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Tjampakasari, Conny Riana, Ariyani Kiranasari, Alfia Chairunnisa, and Fatindhiya Mahira Hilmy. "Ekstrak Moringa oleifera Sebagai Antiseptik Terhadap Escherichia coli dan Streptococcus pyogenes Menggunakan Metode Percentage Kill." Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases 8, no. 2 (December 2, 2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32667/ijid.v8i2.145.
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Latar belakang: Kandungan kimia daun kelor (M.oleifera) menunjukan sifat antibakteri terhadap bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif dengan menghambat sintesis dan metabolisme DNA serta menghancurkan dinding sel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui signifikansi kemampuan ekstrak daun M.oleifera sebagai antiseptik terhadap E. coli dan S. pyogenes. Metode: Uji percentage kill dilakukan untuk mengetahui persentase kematian bakteri setelah kontak dengan M. oleifera pada menit ke 1, 2 dan 5. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu kontrol dan perlakuan yang dilakukan secara bersamaan. Uji dinyatakan memenuhi standar bila memberikan hasil ≥90% untuk setiap waktu kontak. Hasil: Uji terhadap E. coli pada menit ke 1, 2 dan 5 menunjukkan hasil masing-masing 93.41%, 94.14%, dan 96.87%, sedangkan terhadap S. pyogenes masing-masing 73.27%, 83.15% dan 94.19%. Terhadap S. pyogenes pada menit ke-5 memenuhi standar. Kesimpulan: M. oleifera efektif mengeliminasi E. coli karena nilai percentage kill untuk semua waktu kontak ≥90% dengan nilai tertinggi pada menit ke-5 (96.87%), sedangkan terhadap S. pyogenes ekstrak daun M. oleifera menunjukkan aktifitas mikroba yang baik pada waktu kontak 5 menit (94.19%).
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Ibrahim, Mansur, Yuyun Ika Christina, and Muhaimin Rifa’i. "Polyherbal EMSA ERITIN Promotes Erythroid Lineages and Lymphocyte Migration in Irradiated Mice." Open Life Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/biol-2016-0003.
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AbstractRadiotherapy is commonly used to kill malignant cells, but it can significantly deplete hematopoietic and splenic erythroblasts. Radioprotective agents are therefore very important in clinical radiotherapy. We examined the effect of poly-herbal EMSA ERITIN on immunological responses when administered to sublethally irradiated mice with the aim of highlighting promotes erythroid lineages and lymphocytes migration in irradiated mice with the parameter are TER119+CD123+in bone marrow and SDF-1 in bone marrow and spleen organ. Normal BALB/c mice were sublethally irradiated with 600 rad. EMSA ERITIN was administered orally at different doses:(1.04, 3.125 and 9.375 mg/g body weight) for 15 days. On day 16 erythroid lineages (TER-119+CD123+) were observed in bone marrow and lymphocytes migration by the production of SDF-1 in spleen and bone marrow. Lymphocytes migration was indicated by the production of SDF-1 in spleen and bone marrow using flow cytometry analysis. EMSA ERITIN increased the generation of erythroid lineage cells marked by TER119+CD123+ and promoted lymphocyte migration by increasing SDF-1 production in bone marrow and spleen. EMSA ERITIN appears to be a powerful medicinal herb with potential as a food supplement to normalize homeostasis and erythropoiesis after radiation.
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Alyuan Dasira, Nisha Desfi Arianti, Mey Krisselni Sitompul, and Yosi Prayoga. "ANALISIS PROSES PENERBITAN DOKUMEN MUATAN BATU GRANIT KE KAPAL OLEH PT. BARRA ASEAN SHIPPING CABANG TANJUNG BALAI KARIMUN." JURNAL JALASENA 3, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.51742/jalasena.v3i2.545.
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Proses Penanganan Dokumen muatan Batu Granit, dokumen muatan dibuat dari awal pemilik barang memberikan invoice dan packing list yang berisikan jumlah muatan dalam ton dan dalam kilo gram dan jumlah harga dalam ton maupun dalam kilo gram serta nama penerima barang atau penerima muatan yang akan dibawa oleh kapal, setelah dokumen lainya sudah dikira lengkap pihak agen akan mengakses data tersebut menggunakan aplikasi nama nya ceisa manifest. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan apa saja syarat-syarat dokumen muatan yang diterbitkan, dan mengetahui kendala apa saja saat menerbitkan dokumen yang terjadi adalah kesalahan kalkulasi jumlah muatan antara dokumen invoice dan laporan surveyor/LS. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan data primer yaitu melalui observasi, wawancara dengan responden atau beberapa nara sumber dari dari pihak-pihak terkait yang berhubungan dengan penerbitan dokumen muatan kapal serta dokumentasi yang dilakukan di lapangan. Hasil penelitian yang di peroleh dalam penerbitan dokumen muatan perlu terlebih dahulu menerima dokumen dari pengirim barang /shipper berupa invoice, packing list, Laporan surveyor dan pajak daerah yang kemudian akan di berikan oleh perusahaan pelayaran untuk di terbitkan dokumen cargo manifest, Bill of Lading, PPFTZ dan surat persetujuan pengeluaran barang /SPPB, setelah semuanya telah di terbitkan dan di setujui oleh pihak Bea dan Cukai maka perusahaan pelayaran akan mengajukan penyegelan barang di kantor KBBC untuk segera di lakukan penyegelan muatan yang di saksikan oleh nakhoda, shipper dan pihak perusahaan pelayaran, apabila semua telah selesai baik itu dokumen muatan Invoice, Packing List, Cargo Manifes, Bill of Lading, Laporan Surveyor (LS), Pajak daerah, PPFTZ, SPPB dan berita acara penyegelan muatan.
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Torchinskij, A. I., A. Yu Ljashko, and Z. Chichua. "MODERNIZATION OF TUNNEL KILN FOR CERAMIC BRICKS CALCINATION LLC «METEKHIS CERAMICS» (GEORGIA)." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 2 (March 20, 2017): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.2.2017.08.
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Gas-burning devices of SG Series and the system of automatic control of firing ceramic bricks for the tunnel kiln by production of Gas Institute of NAS of Ukraine were mounted at the enterprise LLC «Metekhis ceramics» (Georgia. The analysis of the design features of this type of furnaces was made by the Bulgarian project. The advantages and disadvantages caused by outdated thermal equipment and the lack of aerodynamic parameters of automatic control systems are also considered. The fundamental scheme of the kiln is designed with a new thermo-heating engineering equipment and automatics for thermal and aerodynamic modes regulation The influence of new heating engineering equipment and automatics is considered for the quality of manufactured products, kiln productivity and natural gas specific consumption. Bibl. 5, Fig. 2
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Walther, Ashley, Sujit K. Mohanty, Bryan Donnelly, Abigail Coots, Celine S. Lages, Inna Lobeck, Phylicia Dupree, et al. "Rhesus rotavirus VP4 sequence-specific activation of mononuclear cells is associated with cholangiopathy in murine biliary atresia." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 309, no. 6 (September 15, 2015): G466—G474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00079.2015.
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Biliary atresia (BA), a neonatal obstructive cholangiopathy, remains the most common indication for pediatric liver transplantation in the United States. In the murine model of BA, Rhesus rotavirus (RRV) VP4 surface protein determines biliary duct tropism. In this study, we investigated how VP4 governs induction of murine BA. Newborn mice were injected with 16 strains of rotavirus and observed for clinical symptoms of BA and mortality. Cholangiograms were performed to confirm bile duct obstruction. Livers and bile ducts were harvested 7 days postinfection for virus titers and histology. Flow cytometry assessed mononuclear cell activation in harvested cell populations from the liver. Cytotoxic NK cell activity was determined by the ability of NK cells to kill noninfected cholangiocytes. Of the 16 strains investigated, the 6 with the highest homology to the RRV VP4 (>87%) were capable of infecting bile ducts in vivo. Although the strain Ro1845 replicated to a titer similar to RRV in vivo, it caused no symptoms or mortality. A Ro1845 reassortant containing the RRV VP4 induced all BA symptoms, with a mortality rate of 89%. Flow cytometry revealed that NK cell activation was significantly increased in the disease-inducing strains and these NK cells demonstrated a significantly higher percentage of cytotoxicity against noninfected cholangiocytes. Rotavirus strains with >87% homology to RRV's VP4 were capable of infecting murine bile ducts in vivo. Development of murine BA was mediated by RRV VP4-specific activation of mononuclear cells, independent of viral titers.
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Rahayu, Andita. "Evaluasi Efektivitas Mesin Kiln dengan Penerapan Total Productive Maintenance pada Pabrik II/III PT Semen Padang." Jurnal Optimasi Sistem Industri 13, no. 1 (April 24, 2016): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/josi.v13.n1.p454-485.2014.
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PT Semen Padang is a company that produces cement and it can not be separated from issues related to the effectiveness of the machinery/ equipment caused by factors such as six big losses. It can be indicated from the frequency of damage caused to machinery/ equipment because of the damage so that production targets are not achieved. Another result of damage caused by machinery/ equipment is the quality of products where the products are not meet the quality standards. Therefore, it is necessary to measure effective and efficient in the maintenance of machinery/equipment int term of solving such problems. TPM is a method which developed in Japan that can be applied to improve the productivity and efficiency of production. The applied method is one of useful methods to mantain machinery/equipment utilization including, losses that called by the six big losses. One goal of TPM is to increase the effectiveness to improve function and performance of machinery/ equipment used and reduce the six big losses contained in the machine/ equipment. Study has been conductedin W1 and W2 Kiln engine on Indarung Factory II / III PT Semen Padang. The first stage is measuring the effectiveness of W1 and W2 Kiln machine using OEE method. Furthermore, we are y measure OEE Six Big Losses and another losses that lead to the low efficiency of the Kiln machine. The data has been collected based on year 2013. Result showed that the value of OEE in W1 kiln ranged from 49% to 96%. While the value of OEE in W2 kiln ranged from 60% to 98% . It is related to the level of availability W1 kiln (average 92%) were also quite low when it is compared to the level of availability W2 kiln (average 94%) due to the length of time the kiln W1 engine damage. Refer to the value of the performance rate W1 and W2 kiln, it can be concluded that the average value of both engine performance rate is almost the same, ranging between 91% and 92%. Analysis of OEE Six Big Lossesshowed that cause of low OEE on kiln machine is breakdown loss. It also affected the reduced speed loss.Keyword : OEE, Six Big Losses, Availability, Performance Rate, Quality RateAbstrakPT Semen Padang merupakan sebuah perusahaan yang memproduksi semen juga tidak terlepas dari masalah yang berkaitan dengan efektivitas mesin/peralatan yang diakibatkan oleh faktor six big losses tersebut. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari frekuensi kerusakan yang terjadi pada mesin/peralatan karena kerusakan tersebut sehingga target produksi tidak tercapai. Akibat lain yang ditimbulkan kerusakan mesin/peralatan yaitu dalam hal kualitas produk yang dihasilkan dimana produk yang tidak sesuai dengan standar kualitas akan dioleh kembali. Oleh karena itu diperlukan langkah-langkah efektif dan efisien dalam pemeliharaan mesin/peralatan untuk dapat menanggulangi dan mencegah masalah tersebut. TPM adalah salah satu metode yang dikembangkan di Jepang yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan efisiensi produksi perusahaan dengan menggunakan mesin/peralatan secara efektif. Tidak tepatnya penanganan dan pemeliharaan mesin/peralatan tidak hanya menyebabkan masalah kerusakan saja, tetapi juga kerugian lain yang disebut dengan six big losses. Salah satu tujuan TPM adalah untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dengan cara meningktaan fungsi dan kinerja mesin/peralatan yang digunakan dan mengeliminasi six big losses yang terdapat pada mesin/peralatan. Objek yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah mesin Kiln W1 dan W2 yang terdapat pada Pabrik Indarung II/III PT Semen Padang. Tahapan pertama dalam usaha peningkatan efisiensi produksi pada perusahaan ini adalah dengan melakukan pengukuran efektivitas mesin Kiln W1 dan W2 dengan menggunakan metode OEE yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengukuran OEE Six Big Losses dan dari faktor six big losses tersebut dicari faktor terbesar yang mengakibatkan rendahnya efisiensi mesin Kiln. Data yang digunakan adalah data satu tahun terakhir yaitu Bulan JanuariDesember 2013. Selama periode tersebut, diperoleh nilai OEE pada kiln W1 berkisar antara 49% hingga 96%. Sedangkan nilai OEE mesin kiln W2 berkisar antara 60% hingga 98%. Hal ini berhubungan dengan tingkat availability mesin kiln W1 (rata-rata 92%) yang juga cukup rendah bila dibandingkan dengan tingkat availability mesin kiln W2 (rata-rata 94%) dikarenakan lamanya waktu kerusakan mesin kiln W1. Bila dilihat dari nilai performance efficiency mesin kiln W1 dan W2, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai rata-rata performance efficiency kedua mesin ini hampir sama, yaitu berkisar antara 91% dan 92%. Bila dilakukan analisa OEE Six Big Losses, maka yang menjadi penyebab rendahnya OEE pada mesin kiln ini adalah waktu kerusakan mesin yang tergolong dalam frekuensi sering. Hal ini juga berimbas pada penurunan kecepatan kerja mesin kiln.Kata Kunci : OEE, Six Big Loss, Availability, Performance Rate, Quality Rate