Academic literature on the topic 'Kim Saryan'

In early September of 1801, Sarah and Isaac’s British grandfather, George Gill, died and left his multiracial children, including Sarah and Isaac’s mother, the bulk of his estate and a house in which to live. Slave owners were notoriously mercurial, and whites rarely publicly recognized—let alone left legacies—to their mixed-race kin. Yet George Gill passed over his white relatives in favor of Sarah’s family. Sarah and Isaac’s mother—George’s “beloved Daughter”—along with most of their other multiracial kin were still enslaved by the Lopezes. Yet they had money and a house. By the time the family inherited that house, Sarah and Isaac were free. Their father, Abraham Rodrigues Brandon, bought his children from the Lopez family and paid their manumission fees. These two acts—freedom and inheritance—would change the fortunes not only of Sarah and Isaac but also of most of their extended kin.

Sarah Elizabeth Wright was a radical writer committed to leftist, anti-racist and feminist politics. Her novel draws on these commitments to imagine the layers of rejection experienced by southern black women workers in Maryland. Climates of rejection problematize the exclusionary legacies of the New Deal’s Aid to Families with Dependent Children Program. The narrative affects challenge social discourses that pathologized poor black women’s reproduction in order to deny them a place in the national body politic and the national family. When the novel places the laboring mother and her family in the laps of readers, Wright therefore poses crucial questions for her time: how responsible are we for inherited conditions and will we continue to reject our kin?

This first part of the book looks at the work of the filmmakers Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne, the Dardenne brothers. It builds on the existing Levinasian ethical readings of their work – such as those by Sarah Cooper (2007), Joseph Mai (2010) and Philip Mosley (2013) – to show how a performativity-led approach to their work shines a new light on their films and their relationship to Levinas. It looks at Luc Dardenne’s own comments on the inspiration the Dardennes take from Levinas’s ethics and how this inspiration informs their film style. And it argues that it is fruitful to discuss their work in terms of performativity, as this will bring out how their uses of style enable their films to perform a Levinasian responsibility for the Other and a refusal to settle for easy solutions that would close down ethical engagement. Rather, their films invite the viewer to engage ethically with the characters through the directness and subjectivity of the film style. This introductory section sets up the discussions to follow on four Dardenne films: Je Pense à Vous (1992), La Promesse (1996), Le Fils (2002) and The Kid with a Bike (2011).

Carrying out organic synthesis with a flow reactor can offer significant advantages over the more conventional batch processing. Andreas Kirschning of Leibniz Universität Hannover concisely summarized (Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 4583) the issues surrounding both micro and meso flow methods. Walter Leitner of RWTH Aachen focused (Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 3691) on near- and supercritical fluids as solvents, and Steven V. Ley of the University of Cambridge discussed in-line IR monitoring for the accurate dispensing of reagents in a flow apparatus (Chem. Sci. 2011, 2, 765) and cryogenic operations (Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 3312). Nicholas E. Leadbeater of the University of Connecticut addressed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2011, 52, 263) the handling of solid reaction products, and Thomas Wirth of Cardiff University (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 357) and Martyn Poiakoff of the University of Nottingham (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 3788) outlined software-based reaction optimization. A recent monograph (reviewed in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 9948) by Charlotte Wiles of Chemtrix BV and Paul Watts of the University of Hull provides a detailed overview of many of these issues. Simple thermal reactions are easily carried out under flow conditions, with optimized temperature and dwell times. Peter H. Seeberger of Max Planck Potsdam carried out (Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 2688) the Hemetsberger-Knittel cyclization of 1 to the indole 2, and Lukas J. Goossen of TU Kaiserslautern and Toby Underwood of Pfizer/Sandwich effected ( Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 3628) the decarboxylative coupling of 3 with 4 to give 5. A flow apparatus can also be used for gas-liquid reactions. C. Oliver Kappe of Karl-Franzen University Graz effected (Org. Lett. 2011, 13, 984) ozonolysis of 6, using the Dussault protocol, and Dong-Pyo Kim of Chungnam National University generated (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 5952) diazomethane in situ to homologate 8 to 9. Mixing can be a serious issue under flow conditions. Sarah J. Dolman of Merck Process observed (J. Org. Chem. 2011, 76, 993) that kinetic deprotonation and formylation of 10 gave 11, but that formylation after aging led to increasing quantities of 12. Using magnetically driven agitation in a tube mixer, she was able to make 11 the dominant product from the flow procedure.

Background: The current pandemic, COVID-19, is cause by an RNA Coronavirus that was recently identified as SARS-CoV-2. RNA viruses tend to have a high mutation rate; the rate is around a million times greater than that of their hosts. The mutagenic potential of the virus depends on many factors, including the fidelity of nucleic acid-replicating viral enzymes, such as SARSCoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The rate of mutation drives viral evolution and genome variability, consequently allowing viruses to escape the immunity of the host and develop resistance to drugs. Therefore, the c