Journal articles: 'Kinematic and isotropic hardening'

1

Moosbrugger, J. C. "Anisotropic Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Rule Parameters From Reversed Proportional Axial-Torsional Cycling." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 122, no. 1 (July 14, 1999): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.482760.

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A procedure for determining parameters for anisotropic forms of nonlinear kinematic hardening rules for cyclic plasticity or viscoplasticity models is described. An earlier reported methodology for determining parameters for isotropic forms of uncoupled, superposed Armstrong-Frederick type kinematic hardening rules is extended. For this exercise, the anisotropy of the kinematic hardening rules is restricted to transverse isotropy or orthotropy. A limited number of parameters for such kinematic hardening rules can be determined using reversed proportional tension-torsion cycling of thin-walled tubular specimens. This is demonstrated using tests on type 304 stainless-steel specimens and results are compared to results based on the assumption of isotropic forms of the kinematic hardening rules. [S0094-4289(00)00301-7]

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Jiang, Wei. "General Kinematic-Isotropic Hardening Model." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 125, no. 4 (April 1999): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1999)125:4(487).

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HASHIGUCHI, Koichi, and Kazuo OKAMURA. "GS0301-107 Subloading crystal plasticity with isotropic and kinematic hardening." Proceedings of the Materials and Mechanics Conference 2015 (2015): _GS0301–10—_GS0301–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemm.2015._gs0301-10.

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4

Chatterjee, Biplab, and Prasanta Sahoo. "Finite Element Based Unloading of an Elastic Plastic Spherical Stick Contact for Varying Tangent Modulus and Hardening Rule." International Journal of Surface Engineering and Interdisciplinary Materials Science 1, no. 1 (January 2013): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijseims.2013010102.

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Loading-unloading behavior of a deformable sphere with a rigid flat under full stick contact condition is investigated for varying strain hardening. The study considers various tangent modulus using the finite element software ANSYS. Both the bilinear kinematic hardening and isotropic hardening models are considered. Numerical simulation reveals the qualitative similarity between kinematic and isotropic hardening regarding the variation of interfacial parameters during loading-unloading for various tangent modulus. It is found that the material with kinematic hardening dissipates more energy than the material with isotropic hardening during unloading. However for elastic perfectly plastic material, the loading-unloading behavior is insensitive to hardening model.

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HAKANSSON, P., M. WALLIN, and M. RISTINMAA. "Comparison of isotropic hardening and kinematic hardening in thermoplasticity." International Journal of Plasticity 21, no. 7 (July 2005): 1435–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2004.07.002.

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6

Muránsky, Ondrej, Cory J. Hamelin, Mike C. Smith, Phillip J. Bendeich, and Lyndon Edwards. "The Role of Plasticity Theory on the Predicted Residual Stress Field of Weld Structures." Materials Science Forum 772 (November 2013): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.772.65.

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Constitutive plasticity theory is commonly applied to the numerical analysis of welds in one of three ways: using an isotropic hardening model, a kinematic hardening model, or a mixed isotropic-kinematic hardening model. The choice of model is not entirely dependent on its numerical accuracy, however, as a lack of empirical data will often necessitate the use of a specific approach. The present paper seeks to identify the accuracy of each formalism through direct comparison of the predicted and actual post-weld residual stress field developed in a three-pass 316LN stainless steel slot weldment. From these comparisons, it is clear that while the isotropic hardening model tends to noticeably over-predict and the kinematic hardening model slightly under-predict the residual post-weld stress field, the results using a mixed hardening model are quantitatively accurate. Even though the kinematic hardening model generally provides more accurate results when compared to an isotropic hardening formalism, the latter might be a more appealing choice to engineers requiring a conservative design regarding weld residual stress.

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Hu, Jing, Xiao Xing Li, Kwan Soo Chung, and Rao Yao. "Spring-Back Evaluation of Stretch Bending Process Based on Chaboche Combined Isotropic-Kinematic Hardening Laws." Advanced Materials Research 204-210 (February 2011): 1745–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.204-210.1745.

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We present a study on spring-back prediction in the stretching bending process using the Chaboche model combined isotropic-kinematic hardening law and Mises yielding criterion, and a material user subroutine (VUMAT, UMAT) program was developed base on the ABAQUS interface for the model. The effects of different hardening law on the spring-back in the stretch forming process was also analyzed and compared. The simulation results show that the combined isotropic-kinematic hardening law has the better spring-back prediction compared with the pure isotropic and kinematic hardening law in the stretch forming process, which is verified by the experimental results.

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Hayakawa, Kunio, Yukio Sanomura, Mamoru Mizuno, Yukio Kasuga, and Tamotsu Nakamura. "Finite Element Analysis of V-Bending of Polypropylene Using Hydrostatic-Pressure Dependent Plastic Constitutive Equation." Key Engineering Materials 340-341 (June 2007): 1103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.340-341.1103.

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Finite element analysis of V-bending process of polypropylene was performed using hydrostatic-dependent elastic-plastic constitutive equations proposed by the present authors. Kinematic and isotropic hardening rule was employed for the plastic constitutive equations. The kinematic hardening rule was more suitable for the expression of the stress reversal in uniaxial stress - strain relation than the isotropic hardening. For the result of the finite element analysis of V-bending, the kinematic hardening rule was able to predict the experimental behavior of springback more properly than the isotropic hardening. Moreover, the effects of hydrostatic pressure-dependence were revealed by examining the calculated distribution of bending plastic strain, bending stress and the width of the bent specimen.

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Slota, Jan, Ivan Gajdos, Emil Spišák, and Marek Šiser. "Springback Prediction of Stretching Process using Finite Element Analysis for DP600 Steel Sheet." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ama-2017-0001.

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Abstract Springback phenomenon is well predicted for some mild steel materials, but not for steels with higher strength. One of the most used tools to stamping optimization is usage of finite element analysis. In order to accurate describe the real behaviour of the materials for stamping of vehicle panels, the application of proper hardening rule seems to be crucial. Due to higher accuracy of predicted results, high strength steel sheets are usually modelled by means of kinematic or mixed isotropic-kinematic hardening models. In this paper the springback prediction of advanced high strength steel DP600 by numerical simulation was investigated. Through cyclic tension-compression tests, the material characterization has been performed for DP600 steel sheet. Different hardening models (isotropic, kinematic and mixed isotropic-kinematic) used in the simulations were compared with expreriment. The Yoshida–Uemori model succesfully describe the kinematic behaviour of the material and provided more accurate results than others.

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10

Yan, Xiangqiao. "Effect of Yield Surface Curvature on Local Necking in Biaxially Stretched Sheets in Porous Materials." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 114, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2904161.

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In this paper, a recently proposed material model (Sun model) that is based on the lower bound approach of plasticity is extended by introducing a family of dilatant plasticity theories. The yield surfaces change by a combination of isotropic expansion and kinematic translation. The sensitivity of the local necking predictions in biaxially stretched sheets to the curvature of the yield surface in porous materials is addressed. The results of the present analysis obtained by using four material models, the isotropic hardening version of Sun, the kinematic hardening version suggested in this paper, the Gurson model, and the Mear and Hutchinson model, indicate that the local necking predictions are highly sensitive to the curvature of the yield surface, and the predictions given by the kinematic hardening model are more reasonable for local necking analysis than those by the isotropic hardening model.

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Tsakmakis, Aris, and Michael Vormwald. "Configurational forces in cyclic metal plasticity." MATEC Web of Conferences 300 (2019): 08009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930008009.

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The configurational force concept is known to describe adequately the crack driving force in linear fracture mechanics. It seems to represent the crack driving force also for the case of elastic-plastic material properties. The latter has been recognized on the basis of thermodynamical considerations. In metal plasticity, real materials exhibit hardening eﬀects when suﬃciently large loads are applied. Von Mises yield function with isotropic and kinematic hardening is a common assumption in many models. Kinematic and isotropic hardening turn out to be very important whenever cyclic loading histories are applied. This holds equally regardless of whether the induced deformations are homogeneous or non-homogeneous. The aim of the present paper is to discuss the eﬀect of nonlinear isotropic and kinematic hardening on the response of the configurational forces and related parameters in elastic-plastic fracture problems.

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12

Karpuz, Pınar, Caner Şimşir, C. Hakan Gür, and Hyoung Seop Kim. "Finite Element Investigation of the Effect of Hardening Behavior of Alloys on Equal Channel Angular Pressing Performance." Materials Science Forum 584-586 (June 2008): 1021–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.1021.

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In most of the simulation studies of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) it has been assumed that materials obey isotropic hardening law. However, in the case of precipitation hardenable alloys, an accurate prediction of the deformation behavior requires incorporation of kinematic hardening model. In this study, the influences of kinematic, isotropic and combined hardening laws on deformation behavior have been investigated. For this purpose, an ECAP die consisting of two 120° channels has been selected, and the effect of hardening law on the strain profile and ram pressure at the final exit channel has been studied. The simulation results showed that the hardening mechanism does not affect the strain profiles extensively; but, when kinematic hardening mechanism was considered the ram pressure decreases significantly due to less hardening of the material during reverse loading in the final exit channel.

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13

Chatterjee, Biplab, and Prasanta Sahoo. "Effect of Strain Hardening on Elastic-Plastic Contact of a Deformable Sphere against a Rigid Flat under Full Stick Contact Condition." Advances in Tribology 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/472794.

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The present study considers the effect of strain hardening on elastic-plastic contact of a deformable sphere with a rigid flat under full stick contact condition using commercial finite element software ANSYS. Different values of tangent modulus are considered to study the effect of strain hardening. It is found that under a full stick contact condition, strain hardening greatly influences the contact parameters. Comparison has also been made between perfect slip and full stick contact conditions. It is observed that the contact conditions have negligible effect on contact parameters. Studies on isotropic and kinematic hardening models reveal that the material with isotropic hardening has the higher load carrying capacity than that of kinematic hardening particularly for higher strain hardening.

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14

Kumar, R. Suresh, P. Chellapandi, and C. Lakshmana Rao. "Modelling Material Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steel under Monotonic and Cyclic Loadings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 151 (January 2012): 721–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.151.721.

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Mechanical behavior of the austenitic stainless steel under monotonic and cyclic loading at room temperature has been mathematically predicted. Materials like SS 316 LN exhibit cyclic hardening behavior under cyclic loading. Based on the characteristics of yield surface, cyclic hardening can be classified into isotropic and kinematic hardening. Armstrong-Frederic model is used for predicting the kinematic hardening of this material. It is basically a five parameter, nonlinear kinematic hardening model. Cyclic tests for various ranges were carried out to derive the isotropic material parameter required for modeling. Kinematic hardening material parameter required for modeling were computed based on both monotonic tension and torsion tests. By using these parameters the developed program is able to model the mechanical behavior of austenitic stainless steel under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions at room temperature. Comparison of the predicted results with the experimental results shows that the kinematic hardening material parameters derived from the monotonic torsion tests were in good agreement than that of the monotonic tension tests. Also it is recommended to use more material parameter constitutive models to improve the accuracy of the mathematical predictions for the material behavior under cyclic loading.

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15

Shakeri, Ashkan. "Isotropic-kinematic cyclic hardening characteristics of plate steels." International Journal of Steel Structures 17, no. 1 (March 2017): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13296-016-0102-z.

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16

Mohd Tobi, Abdul Latif, M. Y. Ali, M. H. Zainulabidin, and A. A. Saad. "Modelling of Fretting Wear under Partial Slip Conditions Using Combined Isotropic-Kinematic Hardening Plasticity Model." Advanced Materials Research 1025-1026 (September 2014): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.50.

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This paper presents finite element modelling of fretting wear under partial slip conditions using combined isotropic-kinematic hardening plasticity model with the emphasized to investigate the cyclic-plasticity behaviour predicted under fretting condition. The model is based on two-dimensional (2D) cylinder-on-flat contact configuration of titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V. A number of wear profiles at specific number of wear cycle (6000th, 60000th, 150000th and 300000th) are simulated. Contact pressure, tangential stress, shear stress, equivalent plastic strain, tangential plastic strain and also shear plastic strain are gathered and analysed. It is found that the plastic strain response of the combined isotropic-kinematic hardening plasticity model is slightly higher compare to linear kinematic hardening plasticity model [1].

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17

Mohamad, Jasri, and Mohd Zaidi Sidek. "Springback Prediction Using Finite Element Simulation Incorporated With Hardening Data Acquired From Cyclic Loading Tool." International Journal of Materials Forming and Machining Processes 6, no. 1 (January 2019): 19–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmfmp.2019010102.

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The aims of this article are to present the accuracy of springback prediction in U-bending sheet metal forming processes using finite element (FE) simulation incorporated with kinematics or mixed hardening parameters that are derived from cyclic data provided by the developed cyclic loading tool. The FE simulation results in the form of springback angles are compared with the experimental results for validation. It was found that the mixed hardening model provides better simulation results in predicting springback. This is due to the capability of the isotropic hardening part of this model to describe cyclic transient and the kinematic hardening part to improve description of the Bauschinger effect. Kinematic hardening however, on its own is capable of providing relatively good springback simulation illustrated by errors of less than 8 percent. Overall, the data provided by cyclic loading from the newly developed bending-unbending tool is considered valuable for simulating springback prediction.

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18

Saai, Afaf, Laurent Tabourot, Christophe Déprés, and Herve Louche. "A Fundamental Model of Aluminum Single Crystal Behavior with Physical Description of Kinematic Work Hardening." Materials Science Forum 550 (July 2007): 577–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.550.577.

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In this paper, we present a fundamental model of FCC single crystal behaviour at room temperature: this model includes kinematic work hardening derived from the elementary description of the collective dislocations density evolution during cyclic loading. This kinematic work hardening is then coupled with the isotropic work hardening mechanism. Using this original model, a simulation of a tensile test on a single crystal sample is carried out in the case of an initial crystal orientation that promotes single glide even at rather large strains. The evolution of resolved shear stresses on the primary and secondary slip systems are interpreted by means of the interaction between the evolution of isotropic and kinematic work hardening variables. The evolution of the model state-variables including applied resolved shear strain, dislocation densities, and critical shear stresses are represented as functions of the evolution of crystalline orientation during plastic deformation.

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de Angelis, Fabio, and Donato Cancellara. "Constitutive Equations for a Model of Nonlocal Plasticity which Complies with a Nonlocal Maximum Plastic Dissipation Principle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 2362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.2362.

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In the present paper constitutive equations for a nonlocal plasticity model are presented. Elasticity is considered to be governed by local forces so that only the dissipation processes are adopted as nonlocal. Differing from other proposed models in which the isotropic hardening/softening variables are considered as nonlocal, in the present paper the nonlocality is extended in order to include the kinematic hardening behaviour as well, so that both types of hardening (kinematic and isotropic) are considered as nonlocal. The present formulation satisfies a variational condition representing nonlocal maximum plastic dissipation. The proposed constitutive formulation of nonlocal plasticity is thus equipped with a sound variational basis.

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Gau, Jenn-Terng, and Gary L. Kinzel. "A New Model for Springback Prediction for Aluminum Sheet Forming." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 127, no. 3 (March 23, 2005): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1924563.

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A new model for springback, based on isotropic and kinematic hardening models, the Mroz multiple surfaces model, and observations from experimental data, is proposed in this paper. In this model, a material parameter (CM), which is significant after reverse yielding, is suggested to handle the Bauschinger effect. A simple, low-cost, multiple-bending experiment has been developed to determine CM for aluminum alloys AA6022-T4 and AA6111-T4. The new model fits available experimental results better than the isotropic and kinematic hardening models and the Mroz multiple surfaces model.

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Bouaziz, Olivier, Jongun Moon, Hyoung Seop Kim, and Yuri Estrin. "Isotropic and kinematic hardening of a high entropy alloy." Scripta Materialia 191 (January 2021): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.09.022.

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Nguyen, Khuong D., Minh N. Nguyen, Hoa V. Cong, and H. Nguyen-Xuan. "Isogeometric analysis of linear isotropic and kinematic hardening elastoplasticity." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 39, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/7817.

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Material nonlinearity is of great importance in many engineering problems. In this paper, we exploit NURBS-based isogeometric approach in solving materially nonlinear problems, i.e. elastoplastic problems. The von Mises model with linear isotropic hardening and kinematic hardening is presented, and furthermore the method can also be applied to other elastoplastic models without any loss of generality. The NURBS basis functions allow us to describe exactly the curved geometry of underlying problems and control efficiently the accuracy of approximation solution. Once the discretized system of non-linear equilibrium equation is obtained, the Newton-Raphson iterative scheme is used. Several numerical examples are tested. The accuracy and reliability of the proposed method are verified by comparing with results from ANSYS Workbench software.

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23

McDowell, D. L. "An Evaluation of Recent Developments in Hardening and Flow Rules for Rate-Independent, Nonproportional Cyclic Plasticity." Journal of Applied Mechanics 54, no. 2 (June 1, 1987): 323–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3173015.

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The Mroz kinematic hardening rule has previously demonstrated superior capability to correlate cyclically stable nonproportional stress-strain response. In this paper, recently proposed kinematic hardening rules for single and multiple surface cyclic plasticity models are evaluated. Significant improvement over the Mroz rule, without loss of generality, is achieved with a deviatoric stress rate-dominated rule proposed by Tseng and Lee for two surface theory. Recent approaches for correlation of the modulus function and isotropic hardening are discussed. The norm of the Mroz distance vector is found to uniquely correlate the variation of plastic hardening modulus through a cycle; it is necessary to include a measure of instantaneous nonproportionality, however, to properly normalize the modulus function. A new evolution equation is offered to correlate the additional isotropic hardening observed during nonproportional loading, and several contemporary approaches are also considered.

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Sudula, Venkata Sai Prashanth. "Multilinear Isotropic and Multilinear Kinematic Hardening on AZ31 Magnesium Alloy." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 10, no. 5 (June 30, 2021): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.e2790.0610521.

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Magnesium and its alloys are turning out to be increasingly more utilized in the aviation and automobile industry due to its low weight. The technology has endured numerous enhancements enabling magnesium alloys to have a mechanical performance close to aluminium alloys and prevention from corrosion. This enables numerous potential applications for magnesium alloys subjected to multiaxial fatigue. To perform the plastic deformation on AZ31 alloy, we have utilised two techniques of multilinear hardening methods. i) isotropic hardening, ii) Kinematic hardening. To come up with an accurate result, we leveraged ANSYS software to perform the simulation with accuracy and precision. on arriving to the conclusion our goal towards analysing the multilinear properties of the AZ31 alloy with two mesh size 0.4 and 0.6mm.

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Bouaziz, Olivier, A. Aouafi, and Sebastien Allain. "Effect of Grain Refinement on the Mechanical Behaviour of Ferritic Steels: Evolution of Isotropic Hardening and Kinematic Hardening." Materials Science Forum 584-586 (June 2008): 605–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.605.

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New experimental data related to the grain size and the Bauschinger effects have been obtained for ferritic steels with grain size in the range of 3.5-22m. As the data show an increasing contribution of the kinematic hardening with grain size refinement, a new physical based model describing the isotropic hardening and the kinematic hardening is presented and validated with regard to the grain size. The consequences are discussed for fine grain metallic alloys.

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Grammenoudis, Paschalis, and Charalampos Tsakmakis. "Predictions of microtorsional experiments by micropolar plasticity." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 461, no. 2053 (January 8, 2005): 189–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2004.1377.

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Kinematic hardening rules are employed in classical plasticity to capture the so–called Bauschinger effect. They are important when describing the material response during reloading. In the framework of thermodynamically consistent gradient plasticity theories, kinematic hardening effects were first incorporated into a micropolar plasticity model by Grammenoudis and Tsakmakis. The aim of the present paper is to investigate this model by predicting size effects in torsional loading of circular cylinders. It is shown that kinematic hardening rules compared with isotropic hardening rules, as adopted in the paper, provide more possibilities for modelling size effects in the material response, even if only monotonous loading conditions are considered.

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FREHSE, JENS, and DOMINIQUE LÖBACH. "REGULARITY RESULTS FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL ISOTROPIC AND KINEMATIC HARDENING INCLUDING BOUNDARY DIFFERENTIABILITY." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 19, no. 12 (December 2009): 2231–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202509004108.

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For a flat Dirichlet boundary we prove that the first normal derivatives of the stresses and internal parameters are in L∞(0, T; L1+δ) and in L∞(0, T; H½-δ) up to the boundary. This deals with solutions of elastic–plastic flow problems with isotropic or kinematic hardening with von Mises yield function. We show that the elastic strain tensor ε(u) of three-dimensional plasticity with isotropic hardening is contained in the space [Formula: see text] and in L∞(0,T;H4-δ) up to the flat Dirichlet boundary. We obtain related results concerning traces of ε(u). In the case of kinematic hardening we present a simple proof of the [Formula: see text] inclusion of the elastic strain tensor.

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Abdel-Karim, Mohammad. "An extension for the Ohno–Wang kinematic hardening rules to incorporate isotropic hardening." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 87, no. 4 (April 2010): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2010.02.003.

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Schenk, T., I. M. Richardson, G. Eßer, and M. Kraska. "Influence of the Hardening Model on the Predicted Welding Distortion of DP600 Lap Joints." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 3710–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.3710.

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The accurate prediction of welding distortion is an important requirement for the industry in order to allow the definition of robust process parameters without the need to perform expensive experiments. Many models have been developed in the past decades in order to improve prediction. Assumptions are made to make the models tractable; however, the consequences are rarely discussed. One example for such an assumption is the strain hardening model, which is often a choice between either kinematic or isotropic hardening. This paper presents the results of tensile tests for DP600 performed from room temperature up to one thousand degrees and for different strain-rates. In order to employ a mixed isotropic-kinematic hardening model, the fractions of each hardening contribution have been determined by means of bend testing. The welding distortion of a DP600 overlap joint has been simulated and it is shown that such a mixed-hardening model results in more accurate and reliable results.

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Becker, R., and A. Needleman. "Effect of Yield Surface Curvature on Necking and Failure in Porous Plastic Solids." Journal of Applied Mechanics 53, no. 3 (September 1, 1986): 491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3171801.

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The effect of material path dependent hardening on neck development and the onset of ductile failure is analyzed numerically. The calculations are carried out using an elastic-viscoplastic constitutive relation that has isotropic hardening and kinematic hardening behaviors as limiting cases and that accounts for the weakening due to the growth of micro-voids. Final material failure is incorporated into the constitutive model by the dependence of the plastic potential on void volume fraction. Results are obtained for both axisymmetric and plane strain tension. Failure is found to initiate by void coalescence at the neck center in axisymmetric tension and within a shear band in plane strain tension. The increased curvature of flow potential surfaces associated with the kinematic hardening solid leads to somewhat more rapid diffuse neck development than occurs for the isotropic hardening solid. However, a much greater difference between the predictions of the two constitutive models is found for the onset of ductile failure.

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McDowell, D. L. "A Bounding Surface Theory for Cyclic Thermoplasticity." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 114, no. 3 (July 1, 1992): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2904176.

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A nonisothermal, rate and time independent generalization of nonlinear kinematic hardening theory for cyclic plasticity is introduced. The model includes decomposition of backstress and of isotropic hardening between the yield surface radius and the backstress amplitude. A purely temperature dependent component of yield surface radius is assumed in addition to an isotropic hardening component. Issues of thermoplastic material stability and temperature history independence are clearly distinguished and addressed via implications of temperature rate terms. Correlations are reported for OFHC copper subjected to thermomechanical cyclic loading.

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Kerkour-El Miad, Abdelhamid, A. Kerour-El Miad, and Redouane Kouddane. "Grain Shape Effect and the Viscoplastic Parameter on the Evolution of Isotropic and Kinematic Hardening of Metallic Materials under Cyclic Loading." Key Engineering Materials 820 (September 2019): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.820.48.

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The main objective of this work is to study the grain shape effect (aspect ratio α = a / b) and the viscoplastic parameter γ on the evolution of the kinematic and isotropic hardening of FCC type metallic materials, under uniaxial cyclic Tension-Compression ‘‘TC’ and to interpret these results. These parameters of shape and viscoplastic were developed and introduced by Abdul-Latif and Radi, indeed in this study we use their model. Expressed within the framework of a self-consistent approach, the rate-dependent inelastic strain is examined at the crystallographic slip system level describing a constitutive model for FCC metallic polycrystals, whereas the elastic strain is determined at the granular level. Based on the Eshelby’s tensor, the elastic behavior is assumed to be compressible. For a polycrystalline structure, the grains deform plastically by crystallographic slip located at the most favorably oriented systems supporting a high resolved shear stress . The approach considers that the inclusion (grain) form is ellipsoidal of half axes defining by a, b and c such as a ≠b= c. Several numerical tests are carried out highlighting the role of shape and viscoplastic parameter on the evolution of kinematic and isotropic hardening. A general comparison between the and effect on the overall hardening of the polycrystal shows that this work hardening is more sensitive to the parameter (for given ) compared to (for given). Keywords: Grain shape effect, Ellipsoidal inclusion, Viscoplastic parameter effect, Kinematic and isotropic hardening, Uniaxial cyclic ‘‘TC‘‘, Self-consistent model.

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Moosbrugger, J. C., and D. L. McDowell. "On a Class of Kinematic Hardening Rules for Nonproportional Cyclic Plasticity." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 111, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3226439.

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Two surface theories for rate-independent plasticity have previously been shown to offer superior correlative capability in modeling material response under non-proportional loading. In this study, a class of kinematic hardening rules characterized by a decomposition of the total kinematic hardening variable is discussed. The concept of generalized image point hardening in conjunction with mulitple loading surface interpretations is presented. The ability of this class of rules to correlate experimental data from stable nonproportional cycling of Type 304 stainless steel at room temperature is examined. In addition, the proper framework for inclusion of isotropic hardening for this class of models is discussed.

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Paygozar, Bahman, S. A. Dizaji, and M. A. Saeimi Sadigh. "Combined hardening parameters of steel CK45 under cyclic strain-controlled loading: Calibration methodology and numerical validation." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 14, no. 2 (June 23, 2020): 6848–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.14.2.2020.24.0536.

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This study is to indicate the methodology of investigating the behavior of materials in the plastic domain while bearing cyclic loading i.e. low cycle fatigue. Materials under such loading, which experience huge amount of plastic deformation, are affected by the hardening or softening effects of loading which should be taken into account in all applications and numerical simulations as well. This work investigates the methodology of obtaining the nonlinear isotropic and kinematic hardening of steel CK45. To find the parameters of the above mentioned combined nonlinear isotropic/kinematic hardening one tensile test as well as three strain-controlled low cycle fatigue tests are carried out to extract the monotonic stress/strain curve and three diagrams of hysteresis curves, respectively. Then, four parameters necessary to simulate the nonlinear isotropic/ kinematic behavior of the material are extracted by means of curve fitting technique using MATLAB software. Afterwards, the accuracy of the data extracted from the experimental tests using the proposed methodology, are verified in a finite element package, ABAQUS, through implementing two user defined subroutines UMAT written in FORTRAN. It is indicated that the computed constants draw stress-strain curves much closer to experimental responses than isotropic hardening model does. Eventually, the numerical results acquired by simulating the behavior of the sample under cyclic loading with importing the constants, calculated via combined hardening model, to ABAQUS reflects results highly close to the experimentally obtained response of the sample. It means that the procedure used to find the constants is accurate enough and consequently the constants computed are able to be used in both ABAQUS and subroutines.

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35

Chung, Kwansoo, and Taejoon Park. "Consistency condition of isotropic–kinematic hardening of anisotropic yield functions with full isotropic hardening under monotonously proportional loading." International Journal of Plasticity 45 (June 2013): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2012.10.012.

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36

Tong, Van-Canh, and Duc-Toan Nguyen. "A study on spring-back in U-draw bending of DP350 high-strength steel sheets based on combined isotropic and kinematic hardening laws." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 9 (September 2018): 168781401879743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018797436.

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In this article, a numerical model for predicting spring-back in U-draw bending of DP350 high-strength steel sheet was presented. First, the hardening models were formulated based on combined isotropic–kinematic hardening laws, along with the traditional pure isotropic and kinematic hardening laws. A simplified method was proposed for determining the material parameters. Comparison of stress–strain curves of uniaxial tests at various pre-strains predicted by the numerical models and experiment showed that the combined isotropic–kinematic hardening model could accurately describe the Bauschinger effect and transient behavior subjected to cyclic loading conditions. Then, a finite element model was created to simulate the U-draw bending process using ABAQUS. Simulations were then conducted to predict the spring-back of DP350 high-strength steel in U-draw bending with geometry provided in the NUMISHEET’2011 benchmark problems. It was shown that the predictions of spring-back using the proposed model were in good agreement with the experimental results available in the literature. Finally, the effects of various tool and process parameters such as punch profile radius, die profile radius, blank holding force, and punch-to-die clearance on the spring-back were investigated. The simulation results suggested the significance of tool and process parameters on the final shape of the formed parts influenced by the spring-back.

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da Costa Teixeira, Julien, Laure Bourgeois, Chad W. Sinclair, and Christopher R. Hutchinson. "Experimental Investigation of Isotropic and Kinematic Hardening in Al-3Cu-0.05Sn (wt%)." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 1849–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.1849.

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The work hardening behavior of an Al-3Cu-0.05Sn (wt %) alloy was studied using tensile tests and Bauschinger tests. Emphasis is placed on the influence of the precipitation state (number density, size distribution and volume fraction) and separating the isotropic and kinematic components of the work hardening.

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38

You, Y. "Calculation of drawbead restraining forces with the Bauschinger effect." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 212, no. 7 (July 1, 1998): 549–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954405981515842.

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In this paper, a numerical model for the calculation of the drawbead restraining force is described. The model is formulated using an elastoplastic finite deformation, finite element method. Because of the bending, unbending and reverse bending deformation which occurs as the sheet metal passes through the drawbead, a kinematic hardening constitutive law associated with a description of the cyclic property and the Bauschinger effect is considered. In comparison with experiments, the results based on the kinematic hardening material model proved to be better than those based on the usual isotropic hardening material model.

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Bruhns, O. T., N. K. Gupta, A. T. M. Meyers, and H. Xiao. "Bending of an elastoplastic strip with isotropic and kinematic hardening." Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv) 72, no. 10 (March 1, 2003): 759–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00419-002-0273-2.

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Reynolds, A. P., and J. S. Lyons. "Isotropic and kinematic hardening in a dispersion-strengthened aluminum alloy." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 28, no. 5 (May 1997): 1205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-997-0285-1.

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Harley, E. J., M. P. Miller, and D. J. Bammann. "Experimental Study of Internal Variable Evolution in SS304L, at Multiple Rates and Temperatures." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 121, no. 2 (April 1, 1999): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812362.

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Most metals exhibit a deformation-induced uniaxial yield strength asymmetry. Interpreted within the context of macroscale viscoplastic models, it is conventional to describe this yield strength asymmetry with an isotropic hardening variable, κ, and a kinematic hardening variable, α. The focus of this work was to conduct a series of reverse yield experiments to directly measure the evolution of α and κ in 304L stainless steel (SS304L) over large ranges of temperatures and strain rates. We found that the material exhibited inelastic behavior immediately on changing the straining direction. We discussed the ramifications of this behavior on our goal to directly measure α and κ within the context of an isotropic/kinematic hardening model framework. We also explored the capability of the model to simulate the behavior of SS304L under different loading conditions across a wide range of temperatures and strain rates.

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Mendes Lima, Rodrigo, and Ernesto Massaroppi Jr. "Study of Aluminum Alloy 7050 T7451 Isotropic Hardening." Materials Science Forum 869 (August 2016): 526–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.869.526.

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This paper presents the yielding surface isotropic hardening study of the aluminum alloy 7050 T7451 submitted to monotonic loadings, considering the nonlinear constitutive model proposed by Voce. The stress state imposed characterizes a behavior whose plastic deformations cannot be neglected. The analysis depends on the segregation between the isotropic and the kinematic hardening that composes the material’s behavior during its transient life. Monotonic and cyclic tension-compression tests have been realized in order to allow the Bauschinger Effect understanding. The results have been compared to FEM simulations in order to validate the model.

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Zhao, K. M., and J. K. Lee. "Material Properties of Aluminum Alloy for Accurate Draw-Bend Simulation." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 123, no. 3 (February 5, 2001): 287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1370371.

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The main objective of this paper is to simulate springback using a combined kinematic/isotropic hardening model. Material parameters in the hardening model are identified by an inverse method. A three-point bending test is conducted on 6022-T4 aluminum sheet. Punch stroke, punch load, bending strain, and bending angle are measured directly during the tests. Bending moments are then computed from these measured data. Bending moments are also calculated based on a constitutive model. Material parameters are identified by minimizing the normalized error between two bending moments. A micro genetic algorithm is used in the optimization procedure. Stress-strain curves are generated with the material parameters found in this way, which can be used with other plasticity models. ABAQUS/Standard, which has the combined isotropic/kinematic hardening model, is used to simulate draw-bend of 6022-T4 aluminum sheet. Absolute springback angles are predicted very accurately.

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Hu, Xing, Yi Xi Zhao, Shu Hui Li, and Cheng Liu. "Numerical Simulation of Dimensional Variations for Roller Hemming." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 1601–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.1601.

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A study to investigate the effect of hardening models on roller hemming in the case of aluminum alloy sheets is described in this approach. The most popular hardening models including isotropic hardening, kinematic hardening and combined hardening are studied using the uniaxial tension tests. Then the roll-in/out values over the hemline along width direction after pre-hemming with different hardening models are compared with the experimental results. It is verified that combined hardening model is most efficient to predict roll-in/out.

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Chow, C. L., X. J. Yang, and E. Chu. "Prediction of Forming Limit Diagram Based on Damage Coupled Kinematic-Isotropic Hardening Model Under Nonproportional Loading." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 124, no. 2 (March 26, 2002): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1431908.

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Based on the theory of damage mechanics, an anisotropic damage coupled mixed isotropic-kinematic hardening plastic model for the prediction of forming limit diagram (FLD) is developed. The model includes the formulation of nonlinear anisotropic kinematic hardening. For the prediction of limit strains under nonproportional loading, a damage criterion for localized necking of sheet metals subjected to complex strain history is proposed. The model is employed to predict the FLDs of AL6111-T4 alloy. The predicted results agree well with those determined experimentally.

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Ryou, Han Sun, Myoung Gyu Lee, Chong Min Kim, and Kwan Soo Chung. "Numerical Evaluation of Crashworthiness of Automotive Sheets." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 1537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.1537.

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Crash simulations were performed for automotive sheets. To understand the influence of crystal structures in sheet materials on crashworthiness, the effect of the yield function shape was studied by adopting the recently developed non-quadratic anisotropic yield surface, Yld2004-18p. The effect of the back-stress was also investigated by comparing simulation results obtained for the isotropic, kinematic and combined isotropic-kinematic hardening laws based on the modified Chaboche model. In addition, the effects of anisotropy and sheet thickness on crashworthiness were evaluated.

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Uçan, Meriç, and Haluk Darendeliler. "Comparison of Different Constitutive Models in Sheet Metal Forming." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 1203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.1203.

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The effects of different constitutive models in sheet metal forming are investigated by considering the cylindrical and square cup drawing and V-bending processes. Numerical analyses are performed by employing eight different constitutive models. These are elastic plastic constitutive model with isotropic hardening, elastic plastic constitutive model with kinematic hardening, elastic plastic constitutive model with combined hardening, power law isotropic plasticity, piecewise linear isotropic plasticity, three-parameter Barlat, anisotropic plasticity and transversely anisotropic elastic plastic models. The simulations are performed for three different materials, St12 steel, Al-5182 aluminum and stainless steel 409 Ni, by using a commercial finite element code. A number of experiments are carried out and the experimental and analytical results are utilized to evaluate the results of simulations.

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48

Hirai, Hiroyoshi, and Takeshi Kamei. "A combined hardening model of anisotropically consolidated cohesive soils." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 28, no. 1 (February 1, 1991): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t91-001.

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A model introduced in the present paper is capable of describing the mechanical behaviour of anisotropically consolidated cohesive soils reasonably well. The salient features of the proposed model are summarized as follows: (i) generalized forms of the Cambridge models are given to both yield function and plastic potential; (ii) a combination of isotropic and kinematic hardening is used; (iii) a nonassociated-flow rule is proposed; (iv) the isotropic hardening involves plastic work not only related to volumetric change but also to deviatoric deformation; (v) the translation of the yield surface is specified by extending Ziegler's rule of kinematic hardening; (vi) the constitutive model has versatility and flexibility to describe expansion, translation, and rotation of a yield surface in stress space. Several undrained triaxial tests of anisotropically consolidated cohesive soils are simulated, and good agreement is observed between simulation and experimental data. Key words: anisotropy, dilatancy, cohesive soil, consolidated undrained shear, constitutive equation, stress-strain curve, pore pressure - strain curve, effective-stress path.

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Olfa, Daghfas, Znaidi Amna, Gahbiche Amen, and Nasri Rachid. "Identification of the anisotropic behavior of an aluminum alloy subjected to simple and cyclic shear tests." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 3 (March 15, 2018): 911–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218762947.

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The main purpose of this paper is to study the behavior of the 2000 aluminum alloy series used particularly in the design of Airbus fuselage. The characterization of the mechanical behavior of sheet metal on 2024 aluminum alloy and its response to various loading directions under monotonic and cyclic tests are extremely considered. To solve this problem, first, an experimental platform which essentially revolves around mechanical tests and then a series of optical and transmission electronic visualizations have been carried out. These mechanical tests are monotonic and cyclic shear tests applied under the same conditions on the test specimens of 2024 aluminum alloy. Cyclic shear tests have been carried out in order to show the Bauschinger effect and then the kinematic hardening phenomenon. The hardening curves of the simple shear test showed the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect for all loading directions. Next, the experimental results obtained (Portevin-Le Chatelier and Bauschinger effects) are discussed and analyzed in relation to the microstructure of the studied alloy using an optical microscope and a transmission electron microscope. Thereafter, the plastic anisotropy is modeled using an identification strategy that depends on a plastic criterion, an isotropic hardening law, a kinematic hardening (linear and nonlinear) law, and an evolution law. More precisely, particular attention is paid to the isotropic power Hollomon law, the saturation Voce law, and the saturation Bron law. In the case of the cyclic tests, linear kinematic hardening described by the Prager law and nonlinear kinematic hardening expressed by the Armstrong–Frederick law are introduced. Finally, by smoothing the experimental hardening curves for the various simple and cyclic shear tests, a selection is made in order to choose the most appropriate law for the identification of the material behavior.

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Kawai, Masamichi, and Jian Qi Zhang. "A Modified Kinematic-Hardening Viscoplasticity Model for Off-Axis Creep Behavior of Unidirectional CFRPs at High Temperature." Key Engineering Materials 340-341 (June 2007): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.340-341.161.

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A macromechanics constitutive model to describe the anisotropic creep behavior of unidirectional composites under off-axis loading conditions is developed with a particular emphasis on accurate prediction of temporal creep softening due to stress variation. A viscoplasticity model that takes account of a combined isotropic and kinematic hardening is adopted as a base for this formulation, and the evolution equation of the kinematic hardening variable is elaborated to enhance the accuracy of prediction of the transient creep softening due to stress variation. Validity of the modified kinematic-hardening viscoplasticity model is evaluated by comparing with the experimental results on unidirectional T800H/3631 carbon/epoxy composites. It is demonstrated that the proposed model can adequately describe the off-axis creep behavior of the unidirectional CFRP laminate under constant and variable stress conditions.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Kinematic and isotropic hardening'

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