Relevant bibliographies by topics / Kinetic theory of active particles

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Kinetic theory of active particles'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Kinetic theory of active particles"

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Feliachi, Ouassim, Marc Besse, Cesare Nardini, and Julien Barré. "Fluctuating kinetic theory and fluctuating hydrodynamics of aligning active particles: the dilute limit." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2022, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 113207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/ac9fc6.

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Abstract Kinetic and hydrodynamic theories are widely employed for describing the collective behavior of active matter systems. At the fluctuating level, these have been obtained from explicit coarse-graining procedures in the limit where each particle interacts weakly with many others, so that the total forces and torques exerted on each of them is of order unity at all times. Such limit is however not relevant for dilute systems that mostly interact via alignment; there, collisions are rare and make the self-propulsion direction to change abruptly. We derive a fluctuating kinetic theory, and the corresponding fluctuating hydrodynamics, for aligning self-propelled particles in the limit of dilute systems. We discover that fluctuations at kinetic level are not Gaussian and depend on the interactions among particles, but that only their Gaussian part survives in the hydrodynamic limit. At variance with fluctuating hydrodynamics for weakly interacting particles, we find that the noise variance at hydrodynamic level depends on the interaction rules among particles and is proportional to the square of the density, reflecting the binary nature of the aligning process. The results of this paper, which are derived for polar self-propelled particles with polar alignment, could be straightforwardly extended to polar particles with nematic alignment or to fully nematic systems.
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Nieto, J. "The (kinetic) theory of active particles applied to learning dynamics." Physics of Life Reviews 16 (March 2016): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2016.01.017.

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Chauviere, A., and I. Brazzoli. "On the discrete kinetic theory for active particles. Mathematical tools." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 43, no. 7-8 (April 2006): 933–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2005.10.001.

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Benfenati, A., and V. Coscia. "Nonlinear microscale interactions in the kinetic theory of active particles." Applied Mathematics Letters 26, no. 10 (October 2013): 979–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aml.2013.04.007.

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Nieto, J. "The kinetic theory of active particles as a biological systems approach." Physics of Life Reviews 12 (March 2015): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2015.01.015.

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Burini, D., S. De Lillo, and L. Gibelli. "Collective learning modeling based on the kinetic theory of active particles." Physics of Life Reviews 16 (March 2016): 123–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2015.10.008.

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Bellomo, Nicola, and Abdelghani Bellouquid. "On the mathematical kinetic theory of active particles with discrete states." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 44, no. 3-4 (August 2006): 397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2006.01.025.

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Hill, K. M., and Danielle S. Tan. "Segregation in dense sheared flows: gravity, temperature gradients, and stress partitioning." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 756 (September 1, 2014): 54–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.271.

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AbstractIt is well-known that in a dense, gravity-driven flow, large particles typically rise to the top relative to smaller equal-density particles. In dense flows, this has historically been attributed to gravity alone. However, recently kinetic stress gradients have been shown to segregate large particles to regions with higher granular temperature, in contrast to sparse energetic granular mixtures where the large particles segregate to regions with lower granular temperature. We present a segregation theory for dense gravity-driven granular flows that explicitly accounts for the effects of both gravity and kinetic stress gradients involving a separate partitioning of contact and kinetic stresses among the mixture constituents. We use discrete-element-method (DEM) simulations of different-sized particles in a rotated drum to validate the model and determine diffusion, drag, and stress partition coefficients. The model and simulations together indicate, surprisingly, that gravity-driven kinetic sieving is not active in these flows. Rather, a gradient in kinetic stress is the key segregation driving mechanism, while gravity plays primarily an implicit role through the kinetic stress gradients. Finally, we demonstrate that this framework captures the experimentally observed segregation reversal of larger particles downward in particle mixtures where the larger particles are sufficiently denser than their smaller counterparts.
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Brazzoli, I., and A. Chauviere. "On the Discrete Kinetic Theory for Active Particles. Modelling the Immune Competition." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 7, no. 2-3 (2006): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10273660600968911.

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This paper deals with the application of the mathematical kinetic theory for active particles, with discrete activity states, to the modelling of the immune competition between immune and cancer cells. The first part of the paper deals with the assessment of the mathematical framework suitable for the derivation of the models. Two specific models are derived in the second part, while some simulations visualize the applicability of the model to the description of biological events characterizing the immune competition. A final critical outlines some research perspectives.
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Brazzoli, I. "From the discrete kinetic theory to modelling open systems of active particles." Applied Mathematics Letters 21, no. 2 (February 2008): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aml.2007.02.018.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Kinetic theory of active particles"

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Gräns, Samuelsson Linnéa. "Conservation laws in kinetic theory for spin-1/2 particles." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-110967.

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In this thesis a kinetic theory for spin-1/2 particles is given a brief overview, focusing on the derivation of an evolution equation for the quasiprobability distribution function used in the theory to describe certain types of quantum plasma. The current theory is expanded upon by exploring conservation laws. A local conservation law for momentum is derived using two different expressions for electromagnetic momentum, given by Abraham and Minkowski respectively. There has been some controversy over which of these expressions should be used; in the case considered here the expression given by Minkowski seems to be more suitable. Based on the conservation law for momentum, a conservation law for angular momentum is also derived.
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Tzanakopoulos, Antonios. "On the kinetic theory of test-particles weakly-coupled to large equilibrium systems." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213446.

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Stephens, Kenneth Frank. "Space-Charge Saturation and Current Limits in Cylindrical Drift Tubes and Planar Sheaths." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2598/.

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Space-charge effects play a dominant role in many areas of physics. In high-power microwave devices using high-current, relativistic electron beams, it places a limit on the amount of radiation a device can produce. Because the beam's space-charge can actually reflect a portion of the beam, the ability to accurately predict the amount of current a device can carry is needed. This current value is known as the space-charge limited current. Because of the mathematical difficulties, this limit is typically estimated from a one-dimensional theory. This work presents a two-dimensional theory for calculating an upper-bound for the space-charge limited current of relativistic electron beams propagating in grounded coaxial drift tubes. Applicable to annular beams of arbitrary radius and thickness, the theory includes the effect introduced by a finite-length drift tube of circular cross-section. Using Green's second identity, the need to solve Poisson's equation is transferred to solving a Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue problem, which is easily solved by elementary methods. In general, the resulting eigenvalue, which is required to estimate the limiting current, must be numerically determined. However, analytic expressions can be found for frequently encountered limiting cases. Space-charge effects also produce the fundamental collective behavior found in plasmas, especially in plasma sheaths. A plasma sheath is the transition region between a bulk plasma and an adjacent plasma-facing surface. The sheath controls the loss of particles from the plasma in order to maintain neutrality. Using a fully kinetic theory, the problem of a planar sheath with a single-minimum electric potential profile is investigated. Appropriate for single charge-state ions of arbitrary temperature, the theory includes the emission of warm electrons from the surface as well as a net current through the sheath and is compared to particle-in-cell simulations. Approximate expressions are developed for estimating the sheath potential as well as the transition to space-charge saturation. The case of a space-charge limited sheath is discussed and compared to the familiar Child-Langmuir law.
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Outada, Nisrine. "Complex Systems in Biology and Soft Sciences : Modeling by Hyperbolic and Kinetic Equations, Analytic and Numerical Problems A critical analysis towards research perspectives Reply to comments on “Modeling human behavior in economics and social science” A critical analysis towards research perspectives Reply to comments on “Modeling human behavior in economics and social science”." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS448.

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Cette thèse a pour objectif de développer une approche mathématique pour la modélisation des systèmes vivants en mettant l’accent sur les équations hyperboliques et cinétiques décrivant les systèmes multicellulaires en biologie, la dynamique de foule, et les comportements collectifs des individus en sciences sociales et économiques considérées comme des sciences comportementales, appelées parfois “sciences douces”. Plus précisément, les points traités dans cette thèse ont été les suivants : 1) Le développement de ce qu’on appelle la théorie cinétique des particules actives pour la dérivation d’une structure mathématique pour la modélisation des systèmes vivants, qui tient compte des caractéristiques et complexités de ces systèmes complexes, où la dynamique des entités est développée aussi sur la variable d’espace. Cette structure mathématique générale offre un cadre conceptuel pour la dérivation des modèles spécifiques correspondant à des classes de systèmes bien définies et remplace les approches classiques utilisées pour modéliser les systèmes inertes qui s’avèrent inappropriés pour la modélisation des systèmes vivants. 2) Le développement de méthodes mathématiques pour la dérivation de modèles à l’échelle macroscopique de type Keller-Segel et de type Cattaneo à partir d’une description cinétique basée sur la théorie des particules actives, ainsi que le développement et l’implémentation des schémas numériques préservant la limite asymptotique, en particulier des méthodes de volumes finis pour les systèmes de lois de conservations sont utilisées pour l’approximation des modèles macroscopiques. 3) L’application à la modélisation, l’analyse qualitative et les simulations des systèmes sociaux. Plus précisément les applications ont été adressées aux systèmes sociaux-économiques et à la dynamique comportementale de la foule en mettant en œuvre l’évacuation d’un espace dangereux où la géométrie est complexe et en tenant compte de la propagation du stress. Des simulations numériques ont été obtenues par un développement approprié des méthodes de Monte Carlo. 4) L’étude de la convergence de développement de Hilbert pour la dérivation d’équations macroscopiques à partir de la description mésoscopique basée sur la théorie cinétique des particules actives, et l’analyse qualitative liée à l’existence et l’unicité des solutions des systèmes cinétiques
This thesis tackles the challenging aim of developing a mathematical theory of living systems with focus on hyperbolic and kinetic equations, to multicellular systems in biology, crowd dynamics, and social sciences and economy viewed as behavioral sciences, occasionally called soft sciences. In more details, the following topics have been tackled: 1) Development of the theory and application of the kinetic theory of the scalled active particles, with the main objective of deriving a general mathematical structure, consistent with the complexity features of living systems, where the dynamics are developed over the space variable. This structure offers the conceptual background for the derivation of specific models corresponding to well-defined classes of systems and substitutes the field theories, which classically offers the natural support in the sciences of the inert matter that cannot be applied in the case of living systems. Applications have also motivated development of simulation tools. 2) Mathematical methods to derive macroscopic tissue equations, of Keller– Segel and Cattaneo type, from the underlying description at the microscopic scale delivered by kinetic type models and development of computational schemes towards simulations both of kinetic transport models and hyperbolic macroscopic models. In more details, finite volume methods for hyperbolic conservative laws equations have been developed for the simulations of macroscopic models. 3) Applications to modeling, qualitative analysis, and simulations of social systems. Applications have been addressed to social systems and behavioral crowd dynamics with a special focus on evacuation dynamics from venues with complex geometry with special focus to a dy- namics, where panic propagates. Simulations have been obtained by a suitable developments of the socalled Monte Carlo particle methods. 4) Analytical problems generated by the convergence of the Hilbert approach to the derivation of macroscopic equations from the kinetic theory approach, and a qualitative analysis related to existence and uniqueness of the solutions of the initial value problems of the kinetic systems
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Klamser, Juliane Uta. "Transitions de phase en basse dimension à l’équilibre et hors d’équilibre." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS333.

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Bien que la nature soit tridimensionnelle, il existe de nombreux systèmes dont les dimensions effectives sont inférieures, offrant une nouvelle physique. Cette thèse porte sur les transitions de phase dans les systèmes de faibles dimensions, en particulier sur les phases hors équilibre dans la matière active (MA) bidimensionnelle (2D). À la différence des systèmes passifs, les particules actives sont entraînées par de l'énergie injectée à l'échelle microscopique à partir de degrés de liberté internes, entraînant une dynamique irréversible, et donnant souvent lieu à des phases macroscopiques contrastant avec l'équilibre. Dans une première partie, ce travail propose une caractérisation quantitative des phases hors équilibre en s'appuyant sur un modèle minimal de MA. Ce modèle repose sur des particules 2D autopropulsées avec des interactions de paires. La dynamique (Monte Carlo cinétique persistante) est une variante des disques passifs et diffère des modèles bien connus de MA. Un diagramme de phase quantitatif complet est présenté, incluant la séparation de phase induite par motilité (SPIM). De plus, le scénario de fusion en deux étapes avec la phase hexatique se retrouve aussi hors équilibre. L'activité peut fondre un solide 2D et les lignes de fusion restent séparées de SPIM. La deuxième partie explore l'existence de transitions de phase dans les modèles 1D classiques avec des interactions courtes portées à température non nulle. Une idée largement partagée est que de telles transitions sont impossibles. Un contre-exemple clair est présenté où la non-analyticité de l'énergie libre émerge d'un nouveau mécanisme d'origine géométrique, établi de manière rigoureuse
Although nature is three-dimensional, lower dimensional systems are often effectively realized offering fascinating new physics. The subject of this thesis is phase transitions in low dimensions, with its primary focus on non-equilibrium phases in two-dimensional active matter. Unlike passive systems, active particles are driven by energy injected at the microscopic scale from internal degrees of freedom resulting in an irreversible dynamics, often giving rise to macroscopic phases in striking contrast to equilibrium. A goal is to give a quantitative characterization of such non-equilibrium phases and to capture these in simplest realizations of active matter. The thesis explores two-dimensional self-propelled particles with isotropic pair-wise interactions. The dynamics (persistent kinetic Monte Carlo) is a variant of passive disks and different from well-known models of active matter. A full quantitative phase diagram is presented including motility induced phase separation (MIPS) as seen in other active systems. Additionally, the famous two-step melting scenario with the hexatic phase extends far from equilibrium. In this non-equilibrium scenario, the activity can melt a 2D solid and the melting lines remain separated from MIPS. The second part explores a frequently debated issue of the existence of phase transitions in classical one-dimensional models with short-range interactions at non-zero temperature. A widely shared misconception is that such transitions are not possible. A clear counterexample to this belief is given where non-analyticity in the free energy emerges from a new mechanism with a geometrical origin, which is then established on a rigorous ground
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(5930264), Arthur J. Shih. "Synthesis and Characterization of Copper-Exchanged Zeolite Catalysts and Kinetic Studies on NOx Selective Catalytic Reduction with Ammonia." 2019.

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Although Cu-SSZ-13 zeolites are used commercially in diesel engine exhaust after-treatment for abatement of toxic NOx pollutants via selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with NH3, molecular details of its active centers and mechanistic details of the redox reactions they catalyze, specifically of the Cu(I) to Cu(II) oxidation half-reaction, are not well understood. A detailed understanding of the SCR reaction mechanism and nature of the Cu active site would provide insight into their catalytic performance and guidance on synthesizing materials with improved low temperature (< 473 K) reactivity and stability against deactivation (e.g. hydrothermal, sulfur oxides). We use computational, titration, spectroscopic, and kinetic techniques to elucidate (1) the presence of two types of Cu2+ ions in Cu-SSZ-13 materials, (2) molecular details on how these Cu cations, facilitated by NH3 solvation, undergo a reduction-oxidation catalytic cycle, and (3) that sulfur oxides poison the two different types of Cu2+ ions to different extents at via different mechanisms.


Copper was exchanged onto H-SSZ-13 samples with different Si:Al ratios (4.5, 15, and 25) via liquid-phase ion exchange using Cu(NO3)2 as the precursor. The speciation of copper started from the most stable Cu2+ coordinated to two anionic sites on the zeolite framework to [CuOH]+ coordinated to only one anionic site on the zeolite framework with increasing Cu:Al ratios. The number of Cu2+ and [CuOH]+ sites was quantified by selective NH3 titration of the number of residual Brønsted acid sites after Cu exchange, and by quantification of Brønsted acidic Si(OH)Al and CuOH stretching vibrations from IR spectra. Cu-SSZ-13 with similar Cu densities and anionic framework site densities exhibit similar standard SCR rates, apparent activation energies, and orders regardless of the fraction of Z2Cu and ZCuOH sites, indicating that both sites are equally active within measurable error for SCR.


The standard SCR reaction uses O2 as the oxidant (4NH3 + 4NO + O2 -> 6H2O + 4N2) and involves a Cu(I)/Cu(II) redox cycle, with Cu(II) reduction mediated by NO and NH3, and Cu(I) oxidation mediated by NO and O2. In contrast, the fast SCR reaction (4NH3 + 2NO + 2NO2 -> 6H2O + 4N2) uses NO2 as the oxidant. Low temperature (437 K) standard SCR reaction kinetics over Cu-SSZ-13 zeolites depend on the spatial density and distribution of Cu ions, varied by changing the Cu:Al and Si:Al ratio. Facilitated by NH3 solvation, mobile Cu(I) complexes can dimerize with other Cu(I) complexes within diffusion distances to activate O2, as demonstrated through X-ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. Monte Carlo simulations are used to define average Cu-Cu distances. In contrast with O2-assisted oxidation reactions, NO2 oxidizes single Cu(I) complexes with similar kinetics among samples of varying Cu spatial density. These findings demonstrate that low temperature standard SCR is dependent on Cu spatial density and requires NH3 solvation to mobilize Cu(I) sites to activate O2, while in contrast fast SCR uses NO2 to oxidize single Cu(I) sites.


We also studied the effect of sulfur oxides, a common poison in diesel exhaust, on Cu-SSZ-13 zeolites. Model Cu-SSZ-13 samples exposed to dry SO2 and O2 streams at 473 and 673 K. These Cu-SSZ-13 zeolites were synthesized and characterized to contain distinct Cu active site types, predominantly either divalent Cu2+ ions exchanged at proximal framework Al sites (Z2Cu), or monovalent CuOH+ complexes exchanged at isolated framework Al sites (ZCuOH). On the model Z2Cu sample, SCR turnover rates (473 K, per Cu) catalyst decreased linearly with increasing S content to undetectable values at equimolar S:Cu molar ratios, while apparent activation energies remained constant at ~65 kJ mol-1, consistent with poisoning of each Z2Cu site with one SO2-derived intermediate. On the model ZCuOH sample, SCR turnover rates also decreased linearly with increasing S content, yet apparent activation energies decreased monotonically from ~50 to ~10 kJ mol-1, suggesting that multiple phenomena are responsible for the observed poisoning behavior and consistent with findings that SO2 exposure led to additional storage of SO2-derived intermediates on non-Cu surface sites. Changes to Cu2+ charge transfer features in UV-Visible spectra were more pronounced for SO2-poisoned ZCuOH than Z2Cu sites, while X-ray diffraction and micropore volume measurements show evidence of partial occlusion of microporous voids by SO2-derived deposits, suggesting that deactivation may not only reflect Cu site poisoning. Density functional theory calculations are used to identify the structures and binding energies of different SO2-derived intermediates at Z2Cu and ZCuOH sites. It is found that bisulfates are particularly low in energy, and residual Brønsted protons are liberated as these bisulfates are formed. These findings indicate that Z2Cu sites are more resistant to SO2 poisoning than ZCuOH sites, and are easier to regenerate once poisoned.

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Books on the topic "Kinetic theory of active particles"

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Oxenius, Joachim. Kinetic Theory of Particles and Photons. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70728-5.

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Linear kinetic theory and particle transport in stochastic mixtures. Singapore: World Scientific, 1991.

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Oxenius, Joachim. Kinetic theory of particles and photons: Theoretical foundations of non-LTE plasma spectroscopy. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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Kinetic theory of particles and photons: Theoretical foundations of non-LTE plasma spectroscopy. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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Oxenius, Joachim. Kinetic Theory of Particles and Photons: Theoretical Foundations of Non-LTE Plasma Spectroscopy. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986.

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L, Klimontovich I͡U. Statistical Theory of Open Systems: Volume 1: A Unified Approach to Kinetic Description of Processes in Active Systems. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995.

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Browning [sic] agents and active particles: Collective dynamics in the natural and social sciences. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer, 2007.

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Deruelle, Nathalie, and Jean-Philippe Uzan. Kinetic theory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786399.003.0010.

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This chapter covers the equations governing the evolution of particle distribution and relates the macroscopic thermodynamical quantities to the distribution function. The motion of N particles is governed by 6N equations of motion of first order in time, written in either Hamiltonian form or in terms of Poisson brackets. Thus, as this chapter shows, as the number of particles grows it becomes necessary to resort to a statistical description. The chapter first introduces the Liouville equation, which states the conservation of the probability density, before turning to the Boltzmann–Vlasov equation. Finally, it discusses the Jeans equations, which are the equations obtained by taking various averages over velocities.
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Morawetz, Klaus. Classical Kinetic Theory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797241.003.0003.

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The classical non-ideal gas shows that the two original concepts of the pressure based of the motion and the forces have eventually developed into drift and dissipation contributions. Collisions of realistic particles are nonlocal and non-instant. A collision delay characterizes the effective duration of collisions, and three displacements, describe its effective non-locality. Consequently, the scattering integral of kinetic equation is nonlocal and non-instant. The non-instant and nonlocal corrections to the scattering integral directly result in the virial corrections to the equation of state. The interaction of particles via long-range potential tails is approximated by a mean field which acts as an external field. The effect of the mean field on free particles is covered by the momentum drift. The effect of the mean field on the colliding pairs causes the momentum and the energy gains which enter the scattering integral and lead to an internal mechanism of energy conversion. The entropy production is shown and the nonequilibrium hydrodynamic equations are derived. Two concepts of quasiparticle, the spectral and the variational one, are explored with the help of the virial of forces.
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Introductory Transport Theory for Charged Particles in Gases. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Kinetic theory of active particles"

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Burini, Diletta, Livio Gibelli, and Nisrine Outada. "A Kinetic Theory Approach to the Modeling of Complex Living Systems." In Active Particles, Volume 1, 229–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49996-3_6.

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Aylaj, Bouchra, Nicola Bellomo, Livio Gibelli, and Damián Knopoff. "From Classical Kinetic Theory to Active Particle Models." In Crowd Dynamics by Kinetic Theory Modeling, 33–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02428-3_3.

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Bellomo, Nicola, and Abdelghani Bellouquid. "On the modelling of vehicular traffic and crowds by kinetic theory of active particles." In Mathematical Modeling of Collective Behavior in Socio-Economic and Life Sciences, 273–96. Boston: Birkhäuser Boston, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-4946-3_11.

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Griette, Quentin, and Sebastien Motsch. "Kinetic Equations and Self-organized Band Formations." In Active Particles, Volume 2, 173–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20297-2_6.

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Oxenius, Joachim. "Kinetic Equations of Particles." In Kinetic Theory of Particles and Photons, 35–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70728-5_2.

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Borsche, Raul, Axel Klar, and Florian Schneider. "Kinetic and Moment Models for Cell Motion in Fiber Structures." In Active Particles, Volume 2, 1–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20297-2_1.

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Buono, Pietro-Luciano, Raluca Eftimie, Mitchell Kovacic, and Lennaert van Veen. "Kinetic Models for Pattern Formation in Animal Aggregations: A Symmetry and Bifurcation Approach." In Active Particles, Volume 2, 39–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20297-2_2.

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Klimontovich, Yu L. "Kinetic Theory of Active Media." In Statistical Theory of Open Systems, 361–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0175-2_18.

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Oxenius, Joachim. "The Kinetic Equation of Photons." In Kinetic Theory of Particles and Photons, 66–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70728-5_3.

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Oxenius, Joachim. "Thermal Equilibrium and Detailed Balance." In Kinetic Theory of Particles and Photons, 1–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70728-5_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Kinetic theory of active particles"

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Dufty, James W., and Aparna Baskaran. "Kinetic theory for active and granular particles." In 28TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS 2012. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4769462.

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Marval, Juan P., Luis R. Rojas-Solo´rzano, and Jennifer S. Curtis. "Two-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Saltating Particles Using Granular Kinetic Theory." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37654.

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Most granular flows at environmental conditions are unsteady and exhibit a complex physical behavior. Dune formation and migration in the desert are controlled not only by the flow of saltating particles over the sand bed, but also by turbulent atmospheric airflow. In fact, sediments are transported by the atmospheric airflow within a thin layer only a few centimeters above the sandy surface. These jumping particles reach a maximum sediment mass flux level at a certain delay time (known as the “saturation time”) after the initial movement by sliding and rolling begins. Unlike sediment transport in water where the particles are lifted by the turbulent suspension, the saltating particles are kept alive in the layer mainly due to particle-particle and particle-bed collisions. In order to model this Aeolian transport of sand, Jenkins and Pasini [1] proposed a two-fluid model (one-dimensional and steady state) using Granular Kinetic Theory (GKT) to describe the solid-phase stress. The present work extends the original idea of Jenkins and Pasini [1] by using a more robust model of GKT for the kinetic/collisional contributions to the solid-phase stress tensor, together with a friction model activated for sustained contacts between particles. In addition, a standard k-ε turbulence model for the air and a drag model for the interaction between the phases are employed. A rectangular 2D geometry was chosen with a logarithmic profile for the inlet air velocity, along with an initial amount of sand at rest in the lower part of the simulation domain, resembling the particle saltating flow commonly seen in the vertical middle plane within saltation wind tunnels. This model is validated with experimental data from Liu and Dong [2] and the results given by Pasini and Jenkins [1]. A good estimation for the particle erosion and mass flux in the saltation layer is predicted, even though the profiles of mass flux and concentration within the transport layer are very thin and lower.
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3

Maag, Gilles, Francisco Javier Gutierrez, Wojciech Lipinski, and Aldo Steinfeld. "Thermal Dissociation of CH4 Using a Particle-Flow Chemical Reactor Exposed to Concentrated Solar Radiation." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66792.

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The performance of a 5 kW particle-flow chemical reactor for the co-production of H2 and C by thermal decomposition of CH4 is investigated using concentrated solar radiation as the energy source of high-temperature process heat. The solar reactor features a directly-irradiated flow of CH4 laden with carbonaceous particles that serve the functions of radiant absorbers and nucleation sites for the heterogeneous cracking reaction. Main operational parameters are the solar power input, CH4 mass flow rate, and solid phase volume fraction. Their effect on the chemical conversion and solid products’ characteristics are examined for active carbon and carbon black laden particles. Higher particle volume fraction resulted in higher radiative absorption and enhanced kinetics.
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Schlickeiser, Reinhard. "Kinetic theory of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei." In The international symposium on high energy gamma-ray astronomy. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1370800.

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Tartan, Mehmet, Dimitri Gidaspow, and Jonghwun Jung. "Measurement and Computation of Turbulence in Risers Using Kinetic Theory." In ASME/JSME 2003 4th Joint Fluids Summer Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2003-45724.

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Detailed experimental velocity, particle concentration and stresses for flow of particles in a vertical pipe, riser are needed for verification of various CFD models for multiphase flow in the industrially important circulating fluidized bed (fast fluidization) regime. This study provides such information for flow of 530 μm glass beads in the fully developed flow region of a 7 m symmetric riser with a splash plate. Instantaneous particle velocity distributions were obtained using a particle velocity imaging technique and a probe inserted into the riser, while the particle concentrations were measured with a gammaray densitometer. Time averaged particle velocity distributions can be well represented by a parabolic velocity distribution, with the mean velocity obtained from flux divided by the measured bulk density. The radial granular temperature profiles agree with an analytical expression similar to the thermal temperature distribution in Poiseuille flow with viscous heat generation. A solution to the complete CFD model shows that the assumptions made in the analytical solution are valid. Our measurements of stresses in the risers and bubbling beds show the existence of two types of random kinetic energies or granular temperatures. The true granular temperature is due to oscillations of particles, while the second is the average of the normal Reynolds stresses. In the core of the riser, the true granular temperature is much larger than the Reynolds type granular temperature. The reverse is true in the bubbling bed.
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Tanaka, Takaharu, and Chao Liu. "An Investigation on Real and Imaginary Energy Transfer Mechanism Caused in Rotating Flow Passage of Centrifugal Pump." In ASME 2005 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pwr2005-50188.

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Hydraulic energy is constructed from real and imaginary energies. Their acting directions are normal to each other. Their physical properties are quite different. All the physical parameters, such as force, velocity, and acceleration therefore consist of two different type real and imaginary functions. Physically, there are three different types of fluid particles rotational motion: straightly forward non-rotational motion, which is based upon kinetic real physical parameters, circularly forward rotational motion, which is based upon un-kinetic imaginary physical parameters, and their combined rotational motion. Their interrelation is shown in diagram.
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Zhang, Q., and M. A. Jog. "Kinetic Theory Treatment for Heat Transfer in Plasma Spraying." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33079.

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In plasma spraying process thermal plasma is used as a heat source to heat and melt metallic or ceramic particles. In this paper, heat transfer from a thermal plasma to a solid spherical particle has been analyzed using a kinetic theory approach. We have considered a solid particle introduced in an ionized gas made up of electrons, ions, and neutrals. Two-sided electron velocity and temperature distributions and two-sided ion velocity distributions are used. Maxwell’s transport equations are obtained by taking moments of the Boltzmann equation. The transport equations are solved with the Poisson’s equation for the self-consistent electric field. The ion and the electron number density distributions, temperature distribution, and the electric potential variation are obtained. The charged species flux to the particle surface is evaluated. Heat transport to the surface is calculated by accounting for all the modes of energy transfer including the energy deposited during electron and ion recombination at the surface. Results indicate that contribution to heat transfer from charged species recombination is substantial at high plasma temperatures.
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Haidl, J., Z. Chára, and V. Matoušek. "Experimental Validation of Granular Flow Kinetic Theory Under Turbulent Flow Conditions." In Topical Problems of Fluid Mechanics 2022. Institute of Thermomechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/tpfm.2022.011.

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The mixed classical and extended kinetic theory of granular flows is used for modeling the characteristics of particles-water turbulent sheet flow. The open-source solver sedFoam v3.1 is used for the 1-D and 2-D flow simulations. The simulation results are compared to the experimental data measured in the open channel. After that, the simulation parameters are optimized to achieve the best possible agreement between the simulation and the experimental results. The unsatisfactory performance of the KT models and the observed simulation instabilities are discussed.
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Liechty, Derek S., and Mark J. Lewis. "Extension of a Kinetic-Theory Approach for Computing Chemical-Reaction Rates to Reactions with Charged Particles." In 27TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3562813.

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Tanaka, Takaharu. "An Investigation on Energy Transfer Mechanism Caused in Rotating Flow Passage of Turbomachinery: New Concept of Physical Parameters in Rectangular Coordinate System." In ASME 2005 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2005-77426.

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All the physical parameters, such as energy, force, velocity, and acceleration are constructed from two different kinds; one is real and the other is imaginary. Their acting directions are normal to each other. The former acts horizontal direction and causes visible kinetic movement on fluid particle. All the supplied energy is utilized and consumed. The latter acts vertical direction but does not cause any visible kinetic movement on fluid particle. All the energy transfer from mechanical to hydraulic and from hydraulic to mechanical is caused by the imaginary parameters in vertical direction.
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Reports on the topic "Kinetic theory of active particles"

1

Chen, Liu, and Akira Hasegawa. Kinetic theory of geomagnetic pulsations: I. Internal excitations by energetic particles. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7163461.

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2

Tsai, Shih-Tung, and Liu Chen. Theory of kinetic ballooning modes excited by energetic particles in tokamaks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6423496.

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Tsai, Shih-Tung, and Liu Chen. Theory of kinetic ballooning modes excited by energetic particles in tokamaks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10160878.

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4

Biglari, H., and L. Chen. A unified theory of resonant excitation of kinetic ballooning modes by energetic ions/alpha particles in tokamaks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5125641.

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5

Lever, James, Susan Taylor, Garrett Hoch, and Charles Daghlian. Evidence that abrasion can govern snow kinetic friction. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42646.

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The long-accepted theory to explain why snow is slippery postulates self-lubrication: frictional heat from sliding melts and thereby lubricates the contacting snow grains. We recently published micro-scale interface observations that contradicted this explanation: contacting snow grains abraded and did not melt under a polyethylene slider, despite low friction values. Here we provide additional observational and theoretical evidence that abrasion can govern snow kinetic friction. We obtained coordinated infrared, visible-light and scanning-electron micrographs that confirm that the evolving shapes observed during our tribometer tests are contacting snow grains polished by abrasion, and that the wear particles can sinter together and fill the adjacent pore spaces. Furthermore, dry-contact abrasive wear reasonably predicts the evolution of snow-slider contact area and sliding-heat-source theory confirms that contact temperatures would not reach 0°C during our tribometer tests. Importantly, published measurements of interface temperatures also indicate that melting did not occur during field tests on sleds and skis. Although prevailing theory anticipates a transition from dry to lubricated contact along a slider, we suggest that dry-contact abrasion and heat flow can prevent this transition from occurring for snow-friction scenarios of practical interest.
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Lever, James, Susan Taylor, Arnold Song, Zoe Courville, Ross Lieblappen, and Jason Weale. The mechanics of snow friction as revealed by micro-scale interface observations. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42761.

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The mechanics of snow friction are central to competitive skiing, safe winter driving and efficient polar sleds. For nearly 80 years, prevailing theory has postulated that self-lubrication accounts for low kinetic friction on snow: dry-contact sliding warms snow grains to the melting point, and further sliding produces meltwater layers that lubricate the interface. We sought to verify that self-lubrication occurs at the grain scale and to quantify the evolution of real contact area to aid modeling. We used high-resolution (15 μm) infrared thermography to observe the warming of stationary snow under a rotating polyethylene slider. Surprisingly, we did not observe melting at contacting snow grains despite low friction values. In some cases, slider shear failed inter-granular bonds and produced widespread snow movement with no persistent contacts to melt (μ < 0.03). When the snow grains did not move and persistent contacts evolved, the slider abraded rather than melted the grains at low resistance (μ < 0.05). Optical microscopy revealed that the abraded particles deposited in air pockets between grains and thereby carried heat away from the interface, a process not included in current models. Overall, our results challenge whether self-lubrication is indeed the dominant mechanism underlying low snow kinetic friction.
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7

Schluckebier, Kai. Intersections in contemporary traffic planning. Goethe-Universität, Institut für Humangeographie, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.58866.

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In Germany, traffic planning still follows the tradition of modernist urban planning theory from the beginning of the 1930s and car-oriented city planning during the post-war period in West Germany. From a methodological perspective, the prevailing narrative is that traffic can be abstracted and modelled under laboratory conditions (in vitro) as a spatial movement process of individual neutral particles. The use of these laboratory experiments in traffic planning cannot be understood as a neutral application of experimental results, assumed to be true, in a variety of spatial contexts. Rather, it is an active practice of staging traffic according to a particular social interactionist paradigm. According to this, traffic is staged through interventions in planning authorities as well as the practices of people on the streets. In order to describe these staging conduits, traffic is ontologically thought of as a social order that is continuously reproduced situationally through interactions, following Erving Goffman and Harold Garfinkel. To investigate the staging conduits empirically, an ethnographic-inspired field study was conducted at Willy-Brandt-Platz in Frankfurt am Main in May and June 2020. Through situational mapping and observation of social interactions (in situ), knowledge about the staging of social orders was generated. These empirical findings are further embedded in debates that discuss traffic not only as a staging but also as an enactment of certain realities. Understanding planning practice as a political enactment, through which realities are not only described but also made, makes it possible for us to think and design alternative realities.
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