Relevant bibliographies by topics / Kinetics of drug release

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Academic literature on the topic 'Kinetics of drug release'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Kinetics of drug release"

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Chakraborty, Santanu, Madhusmruti Khandai, Anuradha Sharma, Ch Patra, V. Patro, and Kalyan Sen. "Effects of drug solubility on the release kinetics of water soluble and insoluble drugs from HPMC based matrix formulations." Acta Pharmaceutica 59, no. 3 (September 1, 2009): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10007-009-0025-8.

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Effects of drug solubility on the release kinetics of water soluble and insoluble drugs from HPMC based matrix formulations The purpose of the present research work was to observe the effects of drug solubility on their release kinetics of water soluble verpamil hydrochloride and insoluble aceclofenac from hydrophilic polymer based matrix formulations. Matrix formulations were prepared by the direct compression method. The formulations were evaluated for various physical parameters. Along with the dynamics of water uptake and erosion, SEM and in vitro drug release of the tablets were studied. Applying an exponential equation, it was found that the kinetics of soluble drug release followed anomalous non-Fickian diffusion transport whereas insoluble drug showed zero-order release. SEM study showed pore formation on the tablet surface that differed depending on drug solubility. t-Test pointed to a significant difference in amount of both drugs released due to the difference in solubility. Solubility of the drug effects kinetics and the mechanism of drug release.
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Dumitriu, Raluca Petronela, Ana Maria Oprea, and Cornelia Vasile. "Kinetics of Swelling and Drug Release from PNIPAAm/Alginate Stimuli Responsive Hydrogels." Solid State Phenomena 154 (April 2009): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.154.17.

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Stimuli responsive hydrogels are very attractive for applications in sustained and/or targeted drug delivery systems. As the release of drugs is related to the swelling behavior of hydrogels, the swelling kinetic studies become of great importance to appreciate the release kinetics from hydrogel matrices. Hydrogels with high performance properties have been prepared from N-isopropylacryl amide (NIPAAm) and sodium alginate, crosslinked with N,N`-methylene-bis-(acrylamide) (MBAAm). This study is focused on the investigation of swelling and drug release kinetics, coupled by morphological studies. The kinetic parameters of the swelling at different temperatures for hydrogels samples have been evaluated and confirmed their temperature-responsive behavior. The swelling rate constant (ksw) decreases of with increasing temperature and slight increases with the alginate content in the samples. The drug release kinetic study from the prepared hydrogel matrices was performed in twice-distilled water and ethanol for bioactive agents as vanillin and ketoprofen, respectively. An increase of alginate content results in a slower rate and smaller percentage of vanillin and ketoprofen released. It has been established that the ketoprofen occurs according with case II of transport and vanillin release behavior occurs by an anomalous transport mechanism. The values of the release rate constant (kr) decreased by increasing swelling degree in case of 75/25 NIPAAm/alginate hydrogels and decreased also by increasing content of alginate in hydrogels with various compositions. Morphological studies performed by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) evidenced a relaxed network at high relative humidity, which explain both swelling and release profiles.
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Arefin, Paroma, Ikramul Hasan, Md Shfiqul Islam, and Md Selim Reza. "Formulation and In vitro Evaluation of Eudragit RL 100 Loaded Fexofenadine HCl Microspheres." Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 19, no. 1 (August 10, 2016): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v19i1.29240.

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The present study deals with the formulation and evaluation of Fexofenadine hydrochloride (HCl) loaded sustained release microspheres by emulsion solvent evaporation method with Eudragit RL 100. The effects of percent drug loading on drug encapsulation efficiency, drug content and drug release rate were assessed. In vitro dissolution study was performed spectrophotometrically according to USP paddle method using phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) for 10 hours. The release rate of Fexofenadine HCl from the microspheres was significantly increased with the increase of drug loading. The drug release patterns were simulated in different kinetic orders such as zero order release kinetics, first order release kinetics, Higuchi release kinetics, Korsmeyer-Peppas release kinetics and Hixson-Crowell release kinetics to assess the release mechanism and Higuchi release kinetics was found to be the predominant release mechanism. Morphological changes due to different drug loading were assessed by scanning electron microscopic (SEM) technique. Differential scanning calorimetry and fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy was performed to evaluate compatibility of drug with the polymer. A statistically significant variation indrug encapsulation efficiency and release rate was observed for variation in drug loading.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 19(1): 58-67, 2016
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Mitran, Raul-Augustin, Daniela Berger, Jeanina Pandele-Cusu, and Cristian Matei. "Effect of Aluminum Incorporation into Mesoporous Aluminosilicate Framework on Drug Release Kinetics." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9864396.

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Mesoporous silica materials are promising nanocarriers for the development of drug delivery systems. In this study, the influence of pore size, volume, surface area, and doping the silica framework on the release kinetics of a model drug, metoprolol, has been studied. 20% or 50% wt. therapeutic agent was loaded into the carrier mesopores through incipient wetness impregnation. The carriers and drug-loaded samples have been characterized by small- and wide-angle X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The in vitro release profiles have been fitted using a three-parameter kinetic model and they have been explained in terms of the release rate during the burst and sustained release stages and the fraction of drug molecules released during the burst stage. The silica framework doping with aluminum was found to decrease the amount of drug released in the burst stage, without affecting the other kinetic parameters. The therapeutic agent release rates depend mainly on the pore size and volume of the mesoporous carriers and drug-loaded samples.
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Loew, Stephan, Alfred Fahr, and Sylvio May. "Modeling the Release Kinetics of Poorly Water-Soluble Drug Molecules from Liposomal Nanocarriers." Journal of Drug Delivery 2011 (June 7, 2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/376548.

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Liposomes are frequently used as pharmaceutical nanocarriers to deliver poorly water-soluble drugs such as temoporfin, cyclosporine A, amphotericin B, and paclitaxel to their target site. Optimal drug delivery depends on understanding the release kinetics of the drug molecules from the host liposomes during the journey to the target site and at the target site. Transfer of drugs in model systems consisting of donor liposomes and acceptor liposomes is known from experimental work to typically exhibit a first-order kinetics with a simple exponential behavior. In some cases, a fast component in the initial transfer is present, in other cases the transfer is sigmoidal. We present and analyze a theoretical model for the transfer that accounts for two physical mechanisms, collisions between liposomes and diffusion of the drug molecules through the aqueous phase. Starting with the detailed distribution of drug molecules among the individual liposomes, we specify the conditions that lead to an apparent first-order kinetic behavior. We also discuss possible implications on the transfer kinetics of (1) high drug loading of donor liposomes, (2) attractive interactions between drug molecules within the liposomes, and (3) slow transfer of drugs between the inner and outer leaflets of the liposomes.
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Ghosal, Souvik, Javon E. Walker, and Christopher A. Alabi. "Predictive Platforms of Bond Cleavage and Drug Release Kinetics for Macromolecule–Drug Conjugates." Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 12, no. 1 (June 7, 2021): 241–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-091720-030636.

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Macromolecule–drug conjugates (MDCs) occupy a critical niche in modern pharmaceuticals that deals with the assembly and combination of a macromolecular carrier, a drug cargo, and a linker toward the creation of effective therapeutics. Macromolecular carriers such as synthetic biocompatible polymers and proteins are often exploited for their inherent ability to improve drug circulation, prevent off-target drug cytotoxicity, and widen the therapeutic index of drugs. One of the most significant challenges in MDC design involves tuning their drug release kinetics to achieve high spatiotemporal precision. This level of control requires a thorough qualitative and quantitative understanding of the bond cleavage event. In this review, we highlight specific research findings that emphasize the importance of establishing a precise structure–function relationship for MDCs that can be used to predict their bond cleavage and drug release kinetic parameters.
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Das, Utpal, Shimul Halder, Abul Kalam Lutful Kabir, Harun Or Rashid, and Abu Shara Shamsur Rouf. "Development and in vitro Evaluation of Sustained Release Matrix Tablets of Indapamide from Methocel® K15 MCR and K100 LVCR." Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 2 (September 3, 2012): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i2.11785.

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Indapamide, a low-dose thiazide-type diuretic, is used for the treatment of essential hypertension. In this study, we developed an indapamide sustained release formulation using Methocel K15 MCR (a modified hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), Methocel K100 LVCR (a modified hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), magnesium stearate, talc and starch 1500 by direct compression. The powders for tableting were evaluated for angle of repose, loose bulk density, tapped bulk density, compressibility index, total porosity etc. The tablets were subjected to thickness, weight variation test, hardness, friability and in vitro release studies. The in vitro dissolution study was carried out in the gastric medium (pH 1.3) for first two hours and then in the intestinal medium (pH 6.8) for 22 hours using United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) 22 paddle-type dissolution apparatus. The granules showed satisfactory flow properties, compressibility index etc. All the tablets complied with pharmacopoeial specifications. The results of dissolution studies indicated that the formulation F-5 and F-7 (up to 75.36 % drug release in 12 hours) could extend the drug release up to 12 hours. The drug release patterns were simulated in different kinetic orders such as Zero Order release kinetics, First Order release kinetics, Higuchi release kinetics, Korsmeyer-Peppas release kinetics and Hixson-Crowell release kinetics to assess the release mechanism. From the study we observed that Higuchi release kinetics was the predominant release mechanism than Zero Order and First Order kinetics. The drug release mechanism from the matrix tablets was found to be non Fickian mechanism. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i2.11785 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 10(2): 87-92, 2011 (December)
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Gierszewska, Magdalena, Jadwiga Ostrowska-Czubenko, and Ewelina Chrzanowska. "CHARACTERISTICS OF ASCORBIC ACID RELEASE FROM TPP-CROSSLINKED CHITOSAN/ALGINATE POLYELECTROLYTE COMPLEX MEMBRANES." Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives XXIII (September 10, 2018): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15259/pcacd.23.007.

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Chitosan/alginate polyelectrolyte complex membranes (Ch/Alg) additionally cross-linked with tripolyphosphate (TPP) and containing ascorbic acid (AA) were prepared. The dynamic swelling behaviour of Ch/Alg/TPP and ascorbic acid release from the membrane were characterised in different buffer solutions. It has been found that the pH of the buffer solution affects the swelling and release behaviour of AA. Ascorbic acid release, observed over a period of 360 min, exhibited a biphasic pattern, characterised by a fast initial burst release, followed by a slow, sustained release. Different mathematical models were used to study the kinetics and transport mechanism of AA from Ch/Alg/TPP hydrogels. Drug release data were fitted to the zero order kinetic model and first order kinetic model. To characterise the drug mechanism, the release data were fitted to the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas equations. The initial burst AA release followed zero order kinetics and was quasi-Fickian in nature. The second step of AA release followed first order kinetics.
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Kundrat, Vojtech, Nicole Cernekova, Adriana Kovalcik, Vojtech Enev, and Ivana Marova. "Drug Release Kinetics of Electrospun PHB Meshes." Materials 12, no. 12 (June 14, 2019): 1924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12121924.

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Microbial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) has several advantages including its biocompatibility and ability to degrade in vivo and in vitro without toxic substances. This paper investigates the feasibility of electrospun PHB meshes serving as drug delivery systems. The morphology of the electrospun samples was modified by varying the concentration of PHB in solution and the solvent composition. Scanning electron microscopy of the electrospun PHB scaffolds revealed the formation of different morphologies including porous, filamentous/beaded and fiber structures. Levofloxacin was used as the model drug for incorporation into PHB electrospun meshes. The entrapment efficiency was found to be dependent on the viscosity of the PHB solution used for electrospinning and ranged from 14.4–81.8%. The incorporation of levofloxacin in electrospun meshes was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and UV-VIS spectroscopy. The effect of the morphology of the electrospun meshes on the levofloxacin release profile was screened in vitro in phosphate-buffered saline solution. Depending upon the morphology, the electrospun meshes released about 14–20% of levofloxacin during the first 24 h. The percentage of drug released after 13 days increased up to 32.4% and was similar for all tested morphologies. The antimicrobial efficiency of all tested samples independent of the morphology, was confirmed by agar diffusion testing.
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Kumar, B., and G. Jeyabalan. "Development of Anti-diabetic Niosomes Formulation Containing Metformin and Gliclazide." Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research 5, no. 02 (June 30, 2017): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30750/ijpbr.5.2.5.

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Metformin/Gliclazide niosomes were formulated with span 60 by ether injection method. Three batches MG1-MG3 were prepared in order to study influence of drug polymer ratio on the niosomes formation and in vitro drug release. The formulated niosomes were characterized by drug entrapment, vesicle size determination, and in vitro drug release. Optimized concentration of span 60 and cholesterol was found to be 1:1. In the in-vitro study, niosomes formulation of MG1 showed high percentage of drug release, 40.18 to 45.75% for about 8 hrs. This indicated that this batch of niosomes formulation exhibit sustained drug release pattern as the niosomes act as reservoir system for continuous delivery of drug. The quantity of Metformin/Gliclazide present in the niosomes and the release medium were estimated by a validated HPLC method. The formulated niosomes had acceptable physicochemical characters and released the drug over 6-8 h. The data obtained from in vitro release studies were fitted with various kinetic models and was found to follow Higuchi kinetics.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Kinetics of drug release"

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Jones, Stephen Joseph. "Investigating nonlinear enzyme kinetics as an internal control system for nanoreactor drug release." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22207/.

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The improper administration of therapeutic compounds is not only financially inefficient, but, there exists a very real risk of harmful, or potentially life-threatening effects. To gain control, nano-drug delivery systems provide a discernible option for temporal and spatial regulation of drug bioavailability within the body. In current regimes, temporal control is realised through gradual release over an extended period of time, or triggered release in response to a change in the physiochemical environment. Of course, when considering the design of an ideal drug delivery system, we think of adaptivity – adaptivity to dynamically modulate drug release in response to a changing biological macroenvironment. In nature, this ability to sense, communicate, and respond is fundamental to the existence of any living organism, irrespective of complexity. In most instances, this responsiveness is achieved through feedback-controlled biochemical processes that work to regulate a functional process, and so, any “smart” delivery system would be smart to do the same. Of course, where conventional chemical feedback is concerned, potential toxicity and lack of biocompatibility, caused by inappropriate catalysts, is problematic, however, the emergence and enhanced understanding of enzymatic feedback provides an interesting and more compatible alternative. As such, this doctoral thesis focuses on drawing together two distinct entities of intense scientific focus, nonlinear enzyme kinetics and nanoreactor technology, and works towards the idealism of a feedback-controlled secondary response. To achieve this, through the utilisation of bottom-up synthetic chemistry, we have successfully built, investigated, and optimised a platform that has allowed up to systematically and extensively investigate the effect of confinement on an enzymatic feedback reaction. Through this process, we have uncovered a system more complicated than first anticipated. This complexity, driven firstly by the fragility of constituents in relatively harsh conditions, but more importantly by the dynamism of the system in terms of membrane transport, and associated pH-linked permeability coefficients. However, by building this platform, we have not only learned how to control the kinetic output of the reaction, but have gained an overview of how the system behaves as a whole. It is this organic discovery, and ultimate understanding, that has allowed us to extend our reach, pushing the functionality of our novel system, to achieve both temporally-controlled drug delivery and nano-motor-based vesicular propulsion.
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Fugit, Kyle Daniel. "QUANTIFICATION OF FACTORS GOVERNING DRUG RELEASE KINETICS FROM NANOPARTICLES: A COMBINED EXPERIMENTAL AND MECHANISTIC MODELING APPROACH." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pharmacy_etds/37.

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Advancements in nanoparticle drug delivery of anticancer agents require mathematical models capable of predicting in vivo formulation performance from in vitro characterization studies. Such models must identify and incorporate the physicochemical properties of the therapeutic agent and nanoparticle driving in vivo drug release. This work identifies these factors for two nanoparticle formulations of anticancer agents using an approach which develops mechanistic mathematical models in conjunction with experimental studies. A non-sink ultrafiltration method was developed to monitor liposomal release kinetics of the anticancer agent topotecan. Mathematical modeling allowed simultaneous determination of drug permeability and interfacial binding to the bilayer from release data. This method also quantified the effects of topotecan dimerization and surface potential on total amount of drug released from these liposomal formulations. The pH-sensitive release of topotecan from unilamellar vesicles was subsequently evaluated with this method. A mechanistic model identified three permeable species in which the zwitterionic lactone form of topotecan was the most permeable. Ring-closing kinetics of topotecan from its carboxylate to lactone form were found to be rate-limiting for topotecan drug release in the neutral pH region. Models were also developed to non-invasively analyze release kinetics of actively-loaded liposomal formulations of topotecan in vivo. The fluorescence excitation spectra of released topotecan were used to observe release kinetics in aqueous solution and human plasma. Simulations of the intravesicular pH in the various release media indicated accelerated release in plasma was a consequence of increased intravesicular pH due to ammonia levels in the plasma instead of alterations in bilayer integrity. Further studies were performed to understand the roles of dimerization, ion-pairing, and precipitation on loading and release kinetics obtained from actively-loaded topotecan. Extension of this type of modeling for other types of nanoparticles was illustrated with doxorubicin-conjugated polymeric micelles. Mathematical modeling of experimental studies monitoring doxorubicin release identified conjugation stability during storage, hydrazone hydrolysis kinetics, and unconjugated doxorubicin partitioning affected micellar doxorubicin release. This work identifies several of the key parameters governing drug release from these liposomal and micellar nanoparticles and lays the framework for future development of in vivo release models for these formulations.
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He, Xingyu. "Long-term Light-activated Drug Delivery Systems." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613752062550859.

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Liu, Quan. "Development of a novel gastro-retentive delivery system using alfuzosin HCl as a model drug." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/80170.

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Pharmaceutics;
Ph.D.
The objectives of this project encompass the design and development of a drug delivery system to continuously deliver therapeutic agents from the stomach to the proximal region of the intestine. The delivery system designed would have sufficient gastric residence time together with near zero-order release kinetics. The physicochemical properties pertaining to the formulation development of the model drug (alfuzosin HCl) were evaluated. Excipients were selected based on the studies of their physicochemical properties and compatibility with the active ingredient. Gastro-retentive dosage forms have been the topic of interest in recent years as a practical approach in drug deliveries to the upper GI tract or for release prolongation and absorption. These dosage forms are particularly suitable for drugs that have local effects on the gastric mucosa in the stomach. Other candidates include drugs that are likely to be absorbed in the upper small intestine, or drugs that are unstable in basic environment of distal intestine and colon or those with low solubility at elevated pH conditions (i.e. weak bases). To develop a gastro-retentive delivery system the following steps were taken. First, to investigate the possible incompatibility issues between the model drug and excipients to be used for the delivery system. Stability and physicochemical properties of the active agent and its mixture with excipients were studied using analytical techniques such as Raman spectroscopy and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). No incompatibility issues were detected. Second, Kollidon SR as a relatively new release-rate controlling polymer was incorporated in the final formulation. For solid dosage form the ability of the final powder mix to flow well during manufacturing and the intrinsic characteristics that make it compressible are critical. The in-depth compaction study of Kollidon SR was assessed with the help of a compaction simulator. The flowability, swelling and erosion behavior together with release-rate retarding properties of Kollidon SR were also assessed. The final oral delivery system was based on Kollidon SR and Polyethylene Oxide (PEO) 303 as a monolithic matrix system. The noneffervescent monolithic matrix was made by direct compression. In vitro evaluation of the designed system released the active content in a near zero manner. The dosage form was bouyant in pH 2.0 acidic buffer with no floatation lag time which minimizes the possibility of early gastric emptying.
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Modi, Sweta. "The Critical Role of Mechanism-Based Models for Understanding and Predicting Liposomal Drug Loading, Binding and Release Kinetics." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pharmacy_etds/19.

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Liposomal delivery systems hold considerable promise for improvement of cancer therapy provided that critical formulation design criteria can be met. The main objective of the current project was to enable quality by design in the formulation of liposomal delivery systems by developing comprehensive, mechanism-based mathematical models of drug loading, binding and release kinetics that take into account not only the therapeutic requirement but the physicochemical properties of the drug, the bilayer membrane, and the intraliposomal microenvironment. Membrane binding of the drug affects both drug loading and release from liposomes. The influence of bilayer composition and phase structure on the partitioning behavior of a model non-polar drug, dexamethasone, and its water soluble prodrug, dexamethasone phosphate, was evaluated. Consequently, a quantitative dependence of the partition coefficient on the free surface area of the bilayer, a property related to acyl chain ordering, was noted. The efficacy of liposomal formulations is critically dependent on the drug release rates from liposomes. However, various formulation efforts to design optimal release rates are futile without a validated characterization method. The pitfalls of the commonly used dynamic dialysis method for determination of apparent release kinetics from nanoparticles were highlighted along with the experimental and mathematical approaches to overcome them. The value of using mechanism-based models to obtain the actual rate constant for nanoparticle release was demonstrated. A novel method to improve liposomal loading of poorly soluble ionizable drugs using supersaturated drug solutions was developed using the model drug AR-67 (7-t-butyldimethylsilyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin), a poorly soluble camptothecin analogue. Enhanced loading with a drug to lipid ratio of 0.17 was achieved and the rate and extent of loading was explained by a mathematical model that took into account the chemical equilibria inside and outside the vesicles and the transport kinetics of various permeable species across the lipid bilayer and the dialysis membrane. Tunable liposomal release kinetics would be highly desirable to meet the varying therapeutic requirements. A large range of liposome release half-lives from 1 hr to 892 hr were obtained by modulation of intraliposomal pH and lipid composition using dexamethasone phosphate as a model ionizable drug. The mathematical models developed were successful in accounting for the change in apparent permeability with change in intraliposomal pH and bilayer free surface area. This work demonstrates the critical role of mechanism-based models in design of liposomal formulations.
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Cui, Yong. "Enhanced Release of Lidocaine From Supersaturated Solutions of Lidocaine In A Pressure Sensitive Adhesive." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1054210962.

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Pavurala, Naresh. "Oral Drug Delivery -- Molecular Design and Transport Modeling." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53505.

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One of the major challenges faced by the pharmaceutical industry is to accelerate the product innovation process and reduce the time-to-market for new drug developments. This involves billions of dollars of investment due to the large amount of experimentation and validation processes involved. A computational modeling approach, which could explore the design space rapidly, reduce uncertainty and make better, faster and safer decisions, fits into the overall goal and complements the product development process. Our research focuses on the early preclinical stage of the drug development process involving lead selection, optimization and candidate identification steps. Our work helps in screening the most favorable candidates based on the biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic properties. This helps in precipitating early development failures in the early drug discovery and candidate selection processes and reduces the rate of late-stage failures, which is more expensive. In our research, we successfully integrated two well-known models, namely the drug release model (dissolution model) with a drug transport model (compartmental absorption and transit (CAT) model) to predict the release, distribution, absorption and elimination of an oral drug through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of the human body. In the CAT model, the GI tract is envisioned as a series of compartments, where each compartment is assumed to be a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). We coupled the drug release model in the form of partial differential equations (PDE's) with the CAT model in the form of ordinary differential equations (ODE's). The developed model can also be used to design the drug tablet for target pharmacokinetic characteristics. The advantage of the suggested approach is that it includes the mechanism of drug release and also the properties of the polymer carrier into the model. The model is flexible and can be adapted based on the requirements of the clients. Through this model, we were also able to avoid depending on commercially available software which are very expensive. In the drug discovery and development process, the tablet formulation (oral drug delivery) is an important step. The tablet consists of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), excipients and polymer. A controlled release of drug from this tablet usually involves swelling of the polymer, forming a gel layer and diffusion of drug through the gel layer into the body. The polymer is mainly responsible for controlling the release rate (of the drug from the tablet), which would lead to a desired therapeutic effect on the body. In our research, we also developed a molecular design strategy for generating molecular structures of polymer candidates with desired properties. Structure-property relationships and group contributions are used to estimate the polymer properties based on the polymer molecular structure, along with a computer aided technique to generate molecular structures of polymers having desired properties. In greater detail, we utilized group contribution models to estimate several desired polymer properties such as grass transition temperature (Tg), density (ρ) and linear expansion coefficient (α). We subsequently solved an optimization model, which generated molecular structures of polymers with desired property values. Some examples of new polymer repeat units are - [CONHCH₂ - CH₂NHCO]n -, - [CHOH - COO]n -. These repeat-units could potentially lead to novel polymers with interesting characteristics; a polymer chemist could further investigate these. We recognize the need to develop group contribution models for other polymer properties such as porosity of the polymer and diffusion coefficients of water and drug in the polymer, which are not currently available in literature. The geometric characteristics and the make-up of the drug tablet have a large impact on the drug release profile in the GI tract. We are exploring the concept of tablet customization, namely designing the dosage form of the tablet based on a desired release profile. We proposed tablet configurations which could lead to desired release profiles such as constant or zero-order release, Gaussian release and pulsatile release. We expect our work to aid in the product innovation process.
Ph. D.
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Lee, Tak-yee. "Part 1: Computer aided dosage form design: theory and applications. Part 2: Kinetics and mechanism of captopril oxidation in aqueous solutions under controlled oxygen partial pressure /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487266011224445.

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Knaack, Sven. "Entwicklung und Charakterisierung von Scaffolds auf Basis von mineralisiertem Kollagen zur gezielten Wirkstofffreisetzung für die Knochengewebe-Regeneration." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-188547.

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Beim Tissue Engineering ist die Vaskularisierung von größeren Zell-Matrix-Konstrukten nach Implantation bis heute ein großes Problem. Durch das initiale Fehlen eines mikrovaskulären Netzwerkes kommt es zu einem raschen Zellsterben im Scaffold. Aufgrund dessen war das Ziel dieser Arbeit, im Sinne des in situ-Tissue Engineering ein Scaffold auf Basis von mineralisiertem Kollagen zu entwickeln, welches mit dem angiogenen Wachstumsfaktor VEGF funktionalisiert wird, um den Prozess der Vaskularisierung – die Einsprossung von Blutgefäßen – zu fördern und gleichzeitig durch Chemoattraktion in vivo Zellen aus dem umliegenden Knochengewebe in das Innere des Scaffolds migrieren zu lassen, so dass eine beschleunigte Defektheilung erzielt wird. Poröse Scaffolds aus mineralisiertem Kollagen wurden durch zwei unterschiedliche Strategien funktionalisiert und durch in vitro-Testungen charakterisiert. Die erste Strategie umfasste die Heparin-Modifizierung der gesamten Scaffolds, während die zweite Strategie die Injizierung eines zentralen VEGF-haltiges Depots in das Scaffoldinnere darstellte. Neben der Charakterisierung der Scaffolds wurde die Freisetzungskinetik des Modellwachstumsfaktors VEGF aus den modifizierten Scaffolds untersucht und die biologische Aktivität des freigesetzten Faktors auf Endothelzellen getestet. Zusätzlich wurde bei der 2. Strategie, der Injizierung eines Wirkstoffdepots, die Ausbildung eines Wirkstoffgradienten und die zielgerichtete Migration von Endothelzellen in Richtung des Wirkstoffdepots analysiert.
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Lee, Wang Wang. "Factors affecting drug release and absorption from a novel oral delayed release drug delivery system." Thesis, Durham University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269886.

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Books on the topic "Kinetics of drug release"

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Akash, Muhammad Sajid Hamid, and Kanwal Rehman, eds. Drug Stability and Chemical Kinetics. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6426-0.

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Nagar, Swati, Upendra A. Argikar, and Donald J. Tweedie, eds. Enzyme Kinetics in Drug Metabolism. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-758-7.

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Nagar, Swati, Upendra A. Argikar, and Donald Tweedie, eds. Enzyme Kinetics in Drug Metabolism. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1554-6.

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Keserü, György M., and David C. Swinney, eds. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Drug Binding. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527673025.

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Wilson, Clive G., and Patrick J. Crowley, eds. Controlled Release in Oral Drug Delivery. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1004-1.

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Yu, Hesheng. Release kinetics of chlorhexidine salts from thread and interfering factors. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1992.

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Sverdrup, Harald U. The kinetics of base cation release due to chemical weathering. Lund, Sweden: Lund University Press, 1990.

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Yu, Hesheng. Release kinetics of chlorhexidine salts from thread and interfering factors. [Toronto: Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto], 1991.

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Enzyme kinetics in drug metabolism: Fundamentals and applications. New York: Humana Press, 2014.

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D, Ingram, and Jackson Stephen, eds. Human drug kinetics: A course of simulated experiments. Oxford, England: IRL Press, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Kinetics of drug release"

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Colombo, Paolo, Gaia Colombo, and Christine Cahyadi. "Geometric Release Systems: Principles, Release Mechanisms, Kinetics, Polymer Science, and Release-Modifying Material." In Controlled Release in Oral Drug Delivery, 221–37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1004-1_11.

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Lee, Ping I. "Kinetics of Drug Release from Glassy Polymers: Effect of Initially Nonuniform Drug Distribution." In Polymeric Materials in Medication, 79–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2245-8_7.

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Grabow, N., S. Siewert, K. Sternberg, H. Martin, and K. P. Schmitz. "Simulation of Drug Release for the Development of Drug-Eluting Stents - Influence of Design and Manufacturing Parameters on Drug Release Kinetics." In IFMBE Proceedings, 148–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03887-7_40.

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Delfour, Michel C., and André Garon. "Quadratic ODE and PDE Models of Drug Release Kinetics from Biodegradable Polymers." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 13–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36062-6_2.

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Sukhodub, L. B., M. O. Kumeda, and L. F. Sukhodub. "Influence of MW Irradiation on the Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composite Structure and Drug Release Kinetics." In IFMBE Proceedings, 343–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31866-6_64.

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Lee, Ping I. "Interpretation of Drug-Release Kinetics from Hydrogel Matrices in Terms of Time-Dependent Diffusion Coefficients." In ACS Symposium Series, 71–83. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1987-0348.ch005.

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Caldwell, J., and S. A. Hotchkiss. "In vivo Dissolution and Absorption Kinetics of Sustained-Release Theophylline, Studied with Stable Isotope Methodology." In Drug Absorption at Different Regions of the Human Gastro-Intestinal Tract: Methods of Investigation and Results / Arzneimittelabsorption aus verschiedenen Bereichen des Gastrointestinaltraktes beim Menschen: Untersuchungsmethoden und Ergebnisse, 21–27. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-91091-2_4.

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Sirois, P., M. Harczy, J. Maclouf, P. Pradelles, P. Braquet, and P. Borgeat. "Lipid Mediators in Lung Anaphylaxis: Kinetics of Their Release and Modulation by Selected Drugs." In Lipid Mediators in the Immunology of Shock, 187–96. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0919-2_20.

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Woodcock, B. G., G. Menke, A. Fischer, H. Köhne, and N. Rietbrock. "Drug Input Rate from the GI-Tract. Michaelis-Menten Kinetics and the Bioavailability of Slow-Release Verapamil and Nifedipine." In Drug Absorption at Different Regions of the Human Gastro-Intestinal Tract: Methods of Investigation and Results / Arzneimittelabsorption aus verschiedenen Bereichen des Gastrointestinaltraktes beim Menschen: Untersuchungsmethoden und Ergebnisse, 95–107. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-91091-2_16.

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Altinkaya, Sacide Alsoy. "Controlled Release Kinetics." In Encyclopedia of Membranes, 456–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44324-8_1237.

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Conference papers on the topic "Kinetics of drug release"

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Swaroop, K., and H. M. Somashekarappa. "Swelling characteristics and drug release kinetics of Ag/PVA hydrogel nanocomposites." In DAE SOLID STATE PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM 2016. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4980807.

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Wang Hong and Hongyu Chen. "Study of the drug release kinetics in nanoscale micelle to micelle system." In 2010 IEEE 3rd International Nanoelectronics Conference (INEC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inec.2010.5424875.

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Berchane, Nader S., Kenneth H. Carson, Allison C. Rice-Ficht, and Malcolm J. Andrews. "Investigation of Drug Release From Biodegradable PLG Microspheres: Experiment and Theory." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176030.

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Piroxicam containing PLG microspheres having different size distributions were fabricated, and in vitro release kinetics were determined for each preparation. Based on the experimental results, a suitable mathematical theory has been developed that incorporates the effect of microsphere size distribution and polymer degradation on drug release. We show from in vitro release experiments that microsphere size has a significant effect on drug release rate. The initial release rate decreased with an increase in microsphere size. In addition, the release profile changed from first order to concave-upward (sigmoidal) as the system size was increased. The mathematical model gave a good fit to the experimental release data.
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Perkins, Jessica L., Salil Desai, Benjamin Harrison, and Jagannathan Sankar. "Understanding Release Kinetics of Calcium Alginate Microcapsules Using Drop on Demand Inkjet Printing." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12819.

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This paper investigates the use of calcium alginate microcapsules to transport biomaterials for drug delivery. Rhodamine 6G dye was encapsulated in microcapsules for different formulations of the hydrogels using drop-on-demand printing. An experimental design was constructed to compare the effect of different concentrations of calcium chloride (M) and sodium alginate (% w/v) solutions in addition to the microcapsule diameter on the release kinetics profiles of the microcapsules. The results of these findings provide a basis to identify favorable sizes of microcapsules and concentrations of sodium alginate and calcium chloride solutions for controlled release behavior of microcapsules.
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ginistrelli, Edoardo, Cecilia Bertiond, Davide Janner, Diego Pugliese, Nadia Barbero, Nadia Boetti, Sonja Visentin, Claudia Barolo, and Daniel Milanese. "Hollow resorbable fiber for combined light and drug delivery: fiber development and analysis of release kinetics." In Novel Biophotonics Techniques and Applications IV, edited by Arjen Amelink and I. Alex Vitkin. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2284313.

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Ulfa, Maria, Rufaida M. Hasanah, and Didik Prasetyoko. "Release kinetics performance of ibuprofen molecule from ordered mesoporous carbon with deferent concentration of drug loading." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMISTRY, CHEMICAL PROCESS AND ENGINEERING (IC3PE). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5064961.

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Grattoni, Alessandro, Xuewu Liu, Zongxing Wang, Jaskaran Gill, Arturas Ziemys, and Mauro Ferrari. "Electrokinetic Transport of Molecules Through Nanochanneled Membranes." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13236.

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Our research group was the first one to microfabricate and demonstrate nano-channels in silicon membranes (1, 2). We employed nano-channeled chips to provide immuno-isolation for cell transplantation towards the treatment of diabetes (3), for biomolecular separation (4), and for the controlled passive and active release of drug molecules from implanted capsules (5). We showed that the constraints placed upon molecular agitation in nano-channels affected their concentration-driven transport kinetics (6, 7). A zero-order passive release of biological molecules was achieved, by the rational tailoring of nano-channels dimensions. This achievement allowed releasing of a constant amount of drugs over a long period of time. However, the development and optimization of many drug therapies require long-term drug delivery with controlled but variable dosage using miniaturized systems (8). Moreover, application such as drug release from implanted devices requires tight operational control, of regulatory agency caliber. We have engaged in the development and characterization of elecroosmotic nano-channels membranes, and present our results in this communication. These include the influence of the drug release rate on nanochannel size, membrane configuration, and applied voltage.
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Valenza, Marta, Giulia Birolini, Ilaria Ottonelli, Alice Passoni, Monica Favagrossa, Jason T. Duskey, Mauro Bombaci, et al. "I07 A new generation of brain-targeted nanoparticles for cholesterol delivery in huntington’s disease: kinetics, drug release and behavioral effects in mouse models." In EHDN Abstracts 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2021-ehdn.121.

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Blanco, Elvin, Takafumi Sangai, Funda Meric-Bernstam, and Mauro Ferrari. "Chemotherapeutic Synergy Enhancement Through Micellar Nanotherapeutics." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13263.

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Current chemotherapeutic regimens involve the administration of a combination of agents with hopes of gaining synergistic cell-killing effects observed in vitro. However, drug synergy is rarely realized clinically given the different pharmacokinetic profiles of the drugs. Recent findings show that a combination of rapamycin and paclitaxel proves highly effective at hindering growth of tumors wherein the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Our objective was to fabricate a micellar nanotherapeutic platform capable of delivering a multitude of agents shown to synergistically affect a specific pathway (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) in breast cancer. We hypothesized that this concomitant delivery strategy will result in increased antitumor efficacy, given the site-specific and controlled delivery of the two agents. Herein, we demonstrate the successful fabrication of a nanotherepeutic strategy for the treatment of breast tumors with aberrant PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. Resulting polymer micelles were small in size (∼30 nm) and showed high levels of drug incorporation efficiency of both rapamycin and paclitaxel. Current studies involve the examination of release kinetics and antitumor efficacy in in vitro and in vivo models.
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Marin, Maria-Minodora, Madalina Georgiana Albu Kaya, Mihaela Violeta Ghica, Elena Danila, Gheorghe Coara, Lacramioara Popa, Ciprian Chelaru, et al. "Design and evaluation of doxycycline/collagen/chondroitin sulfate delivery systems used for cartilage regeneration." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.ii.16.

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Cartilage damage is difficult to self-heal due to an avascular microenvironment and distinct mechanical properties. These features are a challenge in designing a cartilaginous tissue with repairing effect without producing any local infections. Thus, a biodegradable scaffold in which the drug can be incorporated is preferable. Drug delivery systems based on collagen sponges have progressively become remarkable biomaterials for different medical applications. The aim of this work was to design and characterize some collagen/chondroitin sulfate supports with doxycycline for cartilage tissue regeneration. The doxycycline should prevent the development of potential infections. Collagen, chondroitin sulfate and doxycycline gels were cross-linked with different concentrations of glutaraldehyde and then freeze-dried in order to obtain collagen matrices. The structural characteristics for the new synthesized biomaterials were firstly assessed by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scaffolds morphology was then evaluated by optical microscopy and water uptake. The enzymatic biodegradation was also performed. Also, the sponges surface properties were quantified through contact angle. The in vitro doxycycline kinetics release was performed with a dissolution equipment and the release mechanism was investigated. The obtained results recommend these new scaffolds based on doxycycline/collagen/chondroitin sulfate as a promising approach for the treatment of cartilage problems.
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Reports on the topic "Kinetics of drug release"

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Stanton, Patric K. New Treatments for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy that Target Presynaptic Transmitter Release. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada607813.

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Garrido Sanabria, Emilio R. New Treatments for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy that Target Presynaptic Transmitter Release. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada608027.

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Garrido-Sanabria, Emilio. New Treatments for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy that Target Presynaptic Transmitter Release. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada610543.

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Stanton, Patric K. New Treatments for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy that Target Presynaptic Transmitter Release. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada580461.

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Garrido, Emilio R. New Treatments for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy that Target Presynaptic Transmitter Release. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada580462.

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Stanton, Patric. New Treatments for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy that Target Presynaptic Transmitter Release. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581556.

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Taylor, Robert W. Kinetics and Mechanisms of Metal Retention/Release in Geochemical Processes in Soil. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/827354.

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Essenhigh, R. Sulfur release from Ohio coals and sorbent kinetics in pulverized coal flames. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10167179.

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Taylor, Robert W. Kinetics and Mechanism of Metal Retention/Release in Geochemical Processes in Soil - Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/775037.

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Taylor, R. W. Kinetics and mechanisms of metal retention/release in geochemical processes in soil. 1997 annual progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/13534.

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